WO2022142085A1 - 一种无刷电机 - Google Patents

一种无刷电机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022142085A1
WO2022142085A1 PCT/CN2021/095193 CN2021095193W WO2022142085A1 WO 2022142085 A1 WO2022142085 A1 WO 2022142085A1 CN 2021095193 W CN2021095193 W CN 2021095193W WO 2022142085 A1 WO2022142085 A1 WO 2022142085A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
brushless motor
magnetic
unit
outer stator
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PCT/CN2021/095193
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
钱文晶
周洪文
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江苏沃尔森电子科技有限公司
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Application filed by 江苏沃尔森电子科技有限公司 filed Critical 江苏沃尔森电子科技有限公司
Publication of WO2022142085A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022142085A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K29/00—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a brushless motor.
  • the stator of the brushless motor is composed of a magnetically conductive stator skeleton, a conductive stator winding, and some components for fixing the iron core and the winding. These components are the frame, the iron core pressure plate, the winding bracket, etc., in order to reduce the stator For iron loss in the skeleton, the stator skeleton is made of 0.5mm thick silicon steel sheets stacked together. When the outer diameter of the stator skeleton is greater than 1mm, fan-shaped silicon steel sheets are used to form a complete circle. The slots are staggered to reduce the eddy current loss of the iron core. The inner circle of the stator skeleton is slotted, and the stator winding is placed in the slot.
  • the stator slot shape is generally made of open slots, which is convenient for wire embedding.
  • the stator winding of the brushless motor is made of Many coils are connected, and each coil is made of multi-strand copper wires.
  • the conductors placed in the slots are pressed and fixed by the slot wedges, and the ends are fixed by brackets.
  • the stator frame of the brushless motor is Press-sleeve inside the shell.
  • the inventors of the present application have found that, during the use of the existing brushless motor, the magnetic lines of force of the permanent magnets in the brushless motor extend along the radial direction of the iron core, which will occur during the rotation of the brushless motor.
  • the phenomenon of magnetic leakage will cause torque loss, and long-term operation will greatly reduce the output efficiency of the brushless motor.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a brushless motor.
  • the brushless motor of the present invention improves the use of the existing brushless motor because the magnetic lines of force of the permanent magnets in the brushless motor will be along the radial direction of the iron core. Extending, in this way, the phenomenon of magnetic leakage will occur during the rotation of the brushless motor, which will result in loss of torque, and long-term operation will greatly reduce the output efficiency of the brushless motor.
  • the present invention provides a brushless motor.
  • the brushless motor includes an outer stator unit and an inner rotor unit.
  • the outer stator unit and the inner rotor unit are concentric rings, and the outer stator unit includes a circular stator. a skeleton and a plurality of armature windings arranged on the stator skeleton;
  • the inner rotor unit includes a circular rotor iron core, a rotor sleeve and a rotor shaft;
  • the rotor iron core is connected with the rotor sleeve;
  • the rotor The sleeve is sleeved on the rotor shaft, the rotor iron core is provided with a plurality of rotor teeth and rotor slots alternately along the circumferential direction on the annular surface of the outer stator unit, and a permanent magnet is arranged in the rotor slot.
  • the magnets are in one-to-one correspondence with the rotor slots, and the permanent magnet
  • a magnetic isolation connecting piece is arranged between the rotor iron core and the rotor sleeve.
  • one end of the rotor teeth close to the rotor sleeve is provided with a first through groove, and the first end of the magnetic isolation connector is embedded in the first through groove to be fixedly connected to the rotor teeth, and the magnetic isolation connector is fixedly connected to the rotor teeth.
  • the second end of the connecting piece is fixed on the rotor sleeve;
  • One end of the rotor teeth close to the outer stator unit is provided with a second through-slot, and a magnetic tile is arranged in the second through-slot.
  • both the magnetic tile and the magnetic isolation connector are made of stainless steel.
  • the permanent magnet is a magnetic tile structure made of rubidium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the first through groove is a T-shaped groove
  • the first end of the magnetic isolation connector is formed as a T-shaped portion matched with the T-shaped groove
  • the T-shaped portion is embedded in the T-shaped groove.
  • a plurality of the magnetic isolation connectors and the rotor bushing are formed into an integrated punching structure by punching.
  • the rotor core is made of silicon steel sheets.
  • the outer stator unit is built in the casing, and the rotor shaft is rotatably mounted on the casing through a bearing.
  • the present invention designs a brushless motor by researching the structure and use process of the traditional brushless motor.
  • the present invention sets the magnetic isolation connector as an insulating material, so that the magnetic line of force cannot reach the direction of the brushless motor during the rotating operation.
  • the direction of the magnetic isolation connector extends and spreads, thereby reducing the occurrence of magnetic leakage, and installing auxiliary magnetic tiles on the outer edge of the rotor core to further compensate for the lost magnetic field, ensuring that the brushless motor can operate with maximum efficiency. Turn job.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a brushless motor in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic isolation connector in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor core in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an inner rotor unit in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of magnetic lines of force of a permanent magnet of a brushless motor in the prior art
  • Fig. 6 is the parameter schematic diagram of the brushless motor of the prior art
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of magnetic lines of force after a magnetic tile is provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of parameters after magnetic tiles are provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of magnetic lines of force after a magnetic tile and a magnetic isolation connector are provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of parameters after a magnetic tile and a magnetic isolation connector are provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the magnetic field lines of the permanent magnets of the brushless motor in the prior art will extend and spread toward the direction of the rotor shaft, so that the phenomenon of magnetic flux leakage will occur during the rotation of the brushless motor, which will lead to The loss of torque and long-term operation will greatly reduce the output efficiency of the brushless motor.
  • the present embodiment provides a brushless motor to solve the above problems.
  • the brushless motor of this embodiment includes an outer stator unit 1 and an inner rotor unit 2 , the outer stator unit 1 and the inner rotor unit 2 are concentric rings, and the outer stator unit 1 It includes an annular stator frame 11 and a plurality of armature windings 12 arranged on the stator frame 11.
  • the inner rotor unit 2 includes an annular rotor core 25, which is adjacent to the rotor core 25.
  • a plurality of rotor teeth 251 and rotor slots 252 are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction.
  • the rotor slots 252 are arranged with permanent magnets 24, and the permanent magnets 24 correspond to the rotor slots 252 one-to-one. , the permanent magnets 24 are embedded in the corresponding rotor slots 252, and the rotor core 25 is connected to the rotor shaft 21 by means of a plurality of magnetic isolation connectors 23; A through slot, the first end of the magnetic isolation connector 23 is embedded in the through slot and fixedly connected to the rotor teeth 251, and the second end of the magnetic isolation connector 23 is fixed to the rotor shaft 21; the One end of the rotor teeth 251 close to the outer stator unit 1 is provided with a second through-slot 253 , and a magnetic tile 254 is arranged in the second through-slot 253 .
  • both the magnetic tile 24 and the magnetic isolation connector 23 are made of stainless steel.
  • the permanent magnet 24 is a magnetic tile structure and is made of a rubidium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • injection molded parts are filled between the permanent magnets 24 and the rotor core. This arrangement can further avoid magnetic flux leakage between adjacent magnetic poles.
  • the first through groove is a T-shaped groove
  • the first end of the magnetic shielding connector 23 is formed as a T-shaped portion 231 matched with the T-shaped groove, the T-shaped portion 231 fits into the T-slot.
  • a magnetic isolation pad is provided between the T-shaped portion and the T-shaped groove, which may be a material such as compressed resin.
  • the compressed resin may adopt a hollow design, and the hollow portion may be for vacuum.
  • the second end of the magnetic isolation connecting member 23 is fixedly connected to the rotor shaft 21 by means of the rotor sleeve 22 , and a plurality of the magnetic isolation connecting members 23 pass through the rotor sleeve 22 .
  • the punching is formed into a one-piece punching structure.
  • the rotor core 25 is made of silicon steel sheets.
  • a housing is further included, the outer stator unit 1 is built in the housing, and the rotor shaft 21 is rotatably mounted on the housing by means of a bearing.
  • auxiliary magnetic tiles are installed on the outer edge of the rotor core to compensate for the lost magnetic field, so as to ensure that the brushless motor can perform the rotating operation with maximum efficiency.
  • the magnetic isolation connector is made of insulating material, so that the magnetic lines of force cannot extend and spread in the direction of the magnetic isolation connector during the rotating operation of the brushless motor, thereby reducing Magnetic flux leakage occurs, thereby further improving the output power of the brushless motor.
  • spaced magnetic poles with opposite polarities are arranged on the inner wall of the outer stator unit 1, and magnetic conductors are arranged between two adjacent magnetic poles with opposite polarities.
  • a magnetic conductor is arranged between the magnetic poles to reduce the air gap space, increase the solid magnetic circuit channel, and improve the magnetic flux density, thereby reducing magnetic flux leakage and improving the efficiency of the motor.
  • the brushless motor is controlled by a control system
  • the control system is installed inside the brushless motor
  • the control system is provided with a magnetic flux leakage induction module.
  • the control module sends a stop signal to control the The brushless motor stopped working.
  • the induction module is induced by arranging a coil at the magnetic flux leakage position. When the magnetic flux leakage amount reaches a set value, an induced current can be generated. The coil is connected to the switch. When there is enough current, the switch is driven to turn off. open.
  • the applicant has researched and found that the amount of magnetic flux leakage is related to the internal temperature of the motor.
  • a temperature sensor is set inside the motor.
  • the auxiliary heat dissipation module is activated to speed up the heat dissipation inside the motor.
  • the auxiliary heat dissipation module is used to control heat dissipation.
  • a group of heat dissipation devices is normally used.
  • the standby heat dissipation device is activated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种无刷电机，所述的无刷电机包括外定子单元和内转子单元，所述外定子单元和内转子单元为同心圆环，所述外定子单元包括圆环形的定子骨架和配置于所述定子骨架的多个电枢绕组，所述内转子单元包括圆环形的转子铁芯、转子套和转子轴，所述的转子铁芯与转子套连接，所述的转子套套设在转子轴上，所述转子铁芯在靠近所述外定子单元的环形表面，沿圆周方向相间设置有多个转子齿和转子槽，所述转子槽内配置有永磁体，所述永磁体与所述转子槽一一对应，所述永磁体嵌入对应的转子槽中。

Description

一种无刷电机 技术领域
本发明涉及电机技术领域，具体为一种无刷电机。
背景技术
本发明对于背景技术的描述属于与本发明相关的相关技术，仅仅是用于说明和便于理解本发明的发明内容，不应理解为申请人明确认为或推定申请人认为是本发明在首次提出申请的申请日的现有技术。
无刷电机的定子是由导磁的定子骨架和导电的定子绕组以及固定铁芯和绕组用的一些部件组成的，这些部件是机座、铁芯压板、绕组支架等，无刷电机为了减少定子骨架里的铁损耗，定子骨架是由0.5mm厚的硅钢片叠装而成，当定子骨架外经大于1mm时，用扇形的硅钢片来拼成一个整圆，在叠装时，把每层的按缝错开，以减少铁芯的涡流损耗，定子骨架的内圆开有槽，槽内放置定子绕组，定子槽形一般都做成开口槽，便于嵌线，无刷电机的定子绕组是由许多线圈连接而成，每个线圈又是由多股铜线绕制成的，放在槽子里的导体是靠槽契来压紧固定，其端部用支架固定，无刷电机的定子骨架是压套在壳体内。
本申请的发明人发现，现有的无刷电机在使用的过程中由于无刷电机内部永磁体的磁力线会沿着铁芯的径向进行延伸，这样在无刷电机转动的过程中就会发生漏磁的现象，进而会造成扭矩的损失，长时间作业会大大的降低无刷电机输出的效率。
发明内容
本发明实施例的目的是提供一种无刷电机，本发明的无刷电机改善了现有的无刷电机在使用的过程中由于无刷电机内部永磁体的磁力线会沿着铁芯的径向进行延伸，这样在无刷电机转动的过程中就会发生漏磁的现象，进而会造成扭矩的损失，长时间作业会大大的降低无刷电机输出效率的问题。
本发明实施例的目的是通过如下技术方案实现的：
本发明提供了一种无刷电机，所述的无刷电机包括外定子单元和内转子单元，所述外定子单元和内转子单元为同心圆环，所述外定子单元包括圆环形的定子骨架和配置于所述定子骨架的多个电枢绕组，所述内转子单元包括圆环形的转子铁芯、转子套和转子轴，所述的转子铁芯与转子套连接，所述的转子套套设在转子轴上，所述转子铁芯在靠近所述外定子单元的环形表面，沿圆周方向相间设置有多个转子齿和转子槽，所述转子槽内配置有永磁体，所述永磁体与所述转子槽一一对应，所述永磁体嵌入对应的转子槽中，
所述转子铁芯与所述的转子套之间设置有隔磁连接件。
进一步的，所述转子齿靠近所述转子套的一端设有第一贯穿槽，所述隔磁连接件的第一端嵌入所述第一贯穿槽与所述转子齿固定连接，所述隔磁连接件的第二端固定在转子套上；
所述转子齿靠近所述外定子单元的一端设有第二贯穿槽，所述第二贯穿槽内配置有磁瓦。
进一步的，所述磁瓦和所述隔磁连接件均由不锈钢材料制成。
进一步的，所述永磁体为磁瓦结构，由铷铁硼永磁材料制成。
进一步的，所述第一贯穿槽为T形槽，所述隔磁连接件的第一端形成为与所述T形槽配合的T形部，所述T形部嵌入所述T形槽。
进一步的，多个所述隔磁连接件与所述转子轴套通过冲裁形成为一体式冲片结构。
进一步的，所述转子铁芯由硅钢片制成。
进一步的，还包括壳体，所述外定子单元内置于所述壳体，所述转子轴通过轴承可转动地安装在壳体上。
本发明实施例具有如下有益效果：
本发明通过对传统的无刷电机结构和使用过程加以研究，设计出一种无 刷电机，本发明将隔磁连接件设置成绝缘材料，这样在无刷电机转动作业的过程中磁力线就无法向隔磁连接件方向进行延伸和扩散，进而就可以减少发生漏磁的情况，并且在转子铁芯的外边缘安装上辅助的磁瓦来进一步补偿损失的磁场，保证无刷电机可以最大效率的进行转动作业。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例中的无刷电机的整体结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例中的隔磁连接件的结构示意图；
图3是本发明实施例中的转子铁芯的结构示意图；
图4是本发明实施例中的内转子单元的结构示意图；
图5是现有技术的无刷电机的永磁体的磁力线示意图；
图6是现有技术的无刷电机的参数示意图；
图7是本发明实施例中设置有磁瓦后的磁力线示意图；
图8是本发明实施例中设置有磁瓦后的参数示意图；
图9是本发明实施例中设置有磁瓦及隔磁连接件之后的磁力线示意图；
图10是本发明实施例中设置有磁瓦及隔磁连接件之后的参数示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本申请进行进一步的介绍。
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，在下述说明中，不同的“一实施例”或“实施例”指的不一定是同一实施例。不同实施例之间可以替换或者合并组合，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些实施例获得其他的实施方式。
如图5-6所示，现有技术中的无刷电机永磁体的磁力线会朝向转子轴的方向进行延伸和扩散，这样在无刷电机转动的过程中就会发生漏磁的现象，进而会造成扭矩的损失，长时间作业会大大的降低无刷电机输出的效率。为此本实施例提供一种无刷电机以解决上述问题。
如图1-4所示，本实施例的无刷电机包括外定子单元1和内转子单元2，所述外定子单元1和所述内转子单元2为同心圆环，所述外定子单元1包括圆环形的定子骨架11和配置于所述定子骨架11的多个电枢绕组12，所述内转子单元2包括圆环形的转子铁芯25，所述转子铁芯25在临近所述外定子单元1的环形表面，沿圆周方向相间设置有多个转子齿251和转子槽252，所述转子槽252内配置有永磁体24，所述永磁体24与所述转子槽252一一对应，所述永磁体24嵌入对应的转子槽252中，所述转子铁芯25借助多个隔磁连接件23连接于转子轴21；所述转子齿251靠近所述转子轴21的一端设有第一贯穿槽，所述隔磁连接件23的第一端嵌入所述贯穿槽与所述转子齿251固定连接，所述隔磁连接件23的第二端固定于所述转子轴21；所述转子齿251靠近所述外定子单元1的一端设有第二贯穿槽253，所述第二贯穿槽253内配置有磁瓦254。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述磁瓦24和所述隔磁连接件23均由不锈钢材料制成。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述永磁体24为磁瓦结构，且由铷铁硼永磁材料制成。
在本发明的一些实施例中，为了进一步防止漏磁，在永磁体24与转子铁芯之间填充有注塑件。这样设置能够进一步避免相邻磁极之间发生漏磁。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述第一贯穿槽为T形槽，所述隔磁连接件23的第一端形成为与所述T形槽配合的T形部231，所述T形部231嵌入所述T形槽。
在本发明的另一些实施例中，在T形部与T型槽之间设置有隔磁垫，可以是压缩树脂等材料，在另一些实施例中，压缩树脂可以采用中空设计，中空部分可以为真空。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述隔磁连接件23的第二端借助转子轴套22 与所述转子轴21固定连接，多个所述隔磁连接件23与所述转子轴套22通过冲裁形成为一体式冲片结构。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述转子铁芯25由硅钢片制成。
根据本发明的一个实施例，还包括壳体，所述外定子单元1内置于所述壳体，所述转子轴21借助轴承可转动地安装在壳体上。
如图7-8所示，本实施例在转子铁芯的外边缘安装上辅助的磁瓦来补偿损失的磁场，保证无刷电机可以最大效率的进行转动作业。
如图9-10所示，本实施例是将隔磁连接件设置成绝缘材料，这样在无刷电机转动作业的过程中磁力线就无法向隔磁连接件方向进行延伸和扩散，进而就可以减少发生漏磁的情况，从而进一步提高无刷电机的输出功率。
在一些实施例中，在外定子单元1的内壁上设有间隔的极性相反的磁极，相邻的两个极性相反的磁极之间设置有导磁体，通过在相邻两个极性相反的磁极之间设置导磁体来减小气隙空间，增大固体磁路通道，提高磁通密度，从而减少漏磁，提高电机效率。
在一些实施例中，无刷电机通过控制系统控制，控制系统安装在无刷电机内部，控制系统上设有漏磁感应模块，当漏磁量达到设定值时，控制模块发出停止运行信号，控制无刷电机停止工作。
在另一些实施例中，感应模块是通过在漏磁部位设置线圈来感应，当漏磁量达到设定值时，可以产生感应电流，线圈与开关连接，当有足够的电流时，带动开关断开。
在另一些实施例中，申请人研究发现漏磁量与电机内部温度有关，在电机内部设置温度传感器，当达到设定温度时，启动散热辅助模块，加快电机内部散热，散热辅助模块是控制散热装置的工作组的，比如正常采用一组散热装置，当温度升高达到设定值时，启动备用散热装置。
应当说明的是，上述实施例均可根据需要自由组合。以上介绍仅为本发 明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种无刷电机，其特征在于，所述的无刷电机包括外定子单元(1)和内转子单元(2)，所述外定子单元(1)和内转子单元(2)为同心圆环，所述外定子单元(1)包括圆环形的定子骨架(11)和配置于所述定子骨架(11)的多个电枢绕组(12)，所述内转子单元(2)包括圆环形的转子铁芯(25)、转子套(22)和转子轴(21)，所述的转子铁芯(25)与转子套(22)连接，所述的转子套(22)套设在转子轴(21)上，所述转子铁芯(25)在靠近所述外定子单元(1)的环形表面，沿圆周方向相间设置有多个转子齿(251)和转子槽(252)，所述转子槽(252)内配置有永磁体(24)，所述永磁体(24)与所述转子槽(252)一一对应，所述永磁体(24)嵌入对应的转子槽(252)中，
    所述转子铁芯(25)与所述的转子套(22)之间设置有隔磁连接件(23)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的无刷电机，其特征在于，所述转子齿(251)靠近所述转子套(22)的一端设有第一贯穿槽，所述隔磁连接件(23)的第一端嵌入所述第一贯穿槽与所述转子齿(251)固定连接，所述隔磁连接件(23)的第二端固定在转子套(22)上；
    所述转子齿(251)靠近所述外定子单元(1)的一端设有第二贯穿槽，所述第二贯穿槽内配置有磁瓦。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的无刷电机，其特征在于，所述磁瓦(254)和所述隔磁连接件(23)均由不锈钢材料制成。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的无刷电机，其特征在于，所述永磁体(24)为磁瓦结构，由铷铁硼永磁材料制成。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的无刷电机，其特征在于，所述第一贯穿槽为T形槽，所述隔磁连接件(23)的第一端形成为与所述T形槽配合的T形部(231)，所述T形部(231)嵌入所述T形槽。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的无刷电机，其特征在于，多个所述隔磁连接件(23) 与所述转子轴套(22)通过冲裁形成为一体式冲片结构。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的无刷电机，其特征在于，所述转子铁芯(25)由硅钢片制成。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的无刷电机，其特征在于，还包括壳体，所述外定子单元(1)内置于所述壳体，所述转子轴(21)通过轴承可转动地安装在壳体上。
PCT/CN2021/095193 2020-12-28 2021-05-21 一种无刷电机 WO2022142085A1 (zh)

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CN202455179U (zh) * 2012-02-02 2012-09-26 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 内置切向式永磁转子
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