WO2022141959A1 - 一种螺栓立体成像检测装置及检测方法 - Google Patents
一种螺栓立体成像检测装置及检测方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022141959A1 WO2022141959A1 PCT/CN2021/087764 CN2021087764W WO2022141959A1 WO 2022141959 A1 WO2022141959 A1 WO 2022141959A1 CN 2021087764 W CN2021087764 W CN 2021087764W WO 2022141959 A1 WO2022141959 A1 WO 2022141959A1
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- fixedly installed
- bolt
- motor
- imager
- gear ring
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005355 lead glass Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000006249 magnetic particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
- G01N23/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the technical field of bolts, in particular to a bolt stereo imaging detection device, and more particularly to a bolt stereo imaging detection device and a detection method.
- a bolt is a cylindrical threaded fastener with a nut. It consists of a head and a screw (a cylinder with an external thread). It needs to be used in conjunction with a nut to fasten and connect two belts.
- bolt detection is divided into two types: manual and machine. Manual is the most primitive and the most commonly used consistent detection method. Generally, the personnel of the production enterprise inspect the packaged or shipped products visually to exclude the Defective products (defects include tooth damage, mixed material, rust, etc.), another method is automatic detection by machine, mainly magnetic particle inspection. Magnetic particle inspection is to use the interaction between the leakage magnetic field and magnetic powder at the bolt defect. Under the condition of light, the position and shape of defects are revealed, and the accumulation of these magnetic powders can be observed and explained, and the purpose of rejecting defective products has been achieved.
- the existing manual visual inspection is difficult to detect and the effect is not good, so it is gradually replaced by machine inspection, and the use of machine magnetic particle inspection to detect bolts cannot obtain intuitive inspection results, so bolt stereo imaging inspection appears on the market.
- the existing bolt stereo imaging detection device usually rotates the bolt, and the imager is fixed, but in general, the bolt is difficult to fix. In turn, the detection results are affected; at the same time, due to the variety of bolt shapes, some special bolts cannot be directly fixed on the electromagnetic chuck, so the bolt stereo imaging detection device can only detect conventional bolts; and most of the bolts are composed of heads and screws. It consists of two parts.
- the existing bolt stereo imaging detection device can only manually turn over the bolt after detecting the screw, and then perform the bolt head detection, which reduces the detection efficiency.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a bolt stereo imaging detection device, the present invention is provided with an imager, the imager is composed of a first black and white camera, a second black and white and an X-ray detector, and the first black and white camera and the second black and white camera can The three-dimensional image of the bolt is generated, and the internal defects of the bolt can be inspected by the X-ray detector.
- the inner gear ring can be rotated by the second motor and the outer gear ring.
- the imager When the inner gear ring rotates, the imager also rotates, and then can detect The bolts are modeled at 360 degrees, and the rotation of the imager can make the bolts not move during the imaging inspection process, because the bolts may tip over during the moving process, which will make the detection inaccurate, so as to solve the above problems. Issues raised in the background art.
- the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:
- a bolt stereo imaging detection device includes a body, a workbench is fixedly installed inside the body, a fixing platform is fixedly installed inside the workbench, an electromagnetic chuck is fixedly installed above the fixing platform, and the A support seat is movably installed on the left side of the electromagnetic chuck, an imager is fixedly installed above the support seat, a first electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed above the imager, and a right end of the first electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed with A thimble, a magnet block is fixedly installed on the right side of the thimble, a first power box is fixedly installed on the left end of the fuselage, a second power box is fixedly installed on the right end of the fuselage, and the front of the second power box is fixedly installed A computer is fixedly installed, a first motor is fixedly installed inside the first power box, a turntable is movably installed at the right end of the first motor, an X-ray detector is fixedly installed at the middle position of the imager, and the A
- a lifting rod is fixedly installed below the support base, an arc block is fixedly installed below the lifting rod, a slider is fixedly installed on the fixing table, and an external gear ring is movably installed below the fixing table, so the A chute is opened inside the outer gear ring, a fixing pin is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the support table, a second motor is fixedly installed inside the support table, and a first connecting rod is fixedly installed at the top of the fuselage , a lamp holder is fixedly installed under the first connecting rod, a second electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed under the lamp holder, a second connecting rod is fixedly installed under the second electric telescopic rod, and the second electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed under the second electric telescopic rod.
- a connecting shaft is movably installed on the connecting rod
- a motor is fixedly installed at the rear of the connecting shaft
- a threaded rod is fixedly installed at the right end of the magnet block
- a rotating rod is movably installed at the left end of the connecting shaft
- the left end of the rotating rod is movably installed.
- a threaded hole is opened on the surface
- a second motor is fixedly installed on the lamp holder, and the electromagnetic chuck, the computer, the first motor, the second motor and the motor are all electrically connected with an external power source.
- the first black-and-white camera, the X-ray detector, and the second black-and-white camera are electrically connected to the computer through wires, and the imager and the support base are connected by snapping, and the support
- the seat and the arc-shaped block are movably connected by a lifting rod, the arc-shaped block is welded and fixed on the inner gear ring, the inner gear ring and the outer gear ring are connected by meshing, and the outer gear ring and the second motor are connected. They are connected by a rotating shaft.
- the fixing pins there are several groups of the fixing pins, and several groups of fixing pins are evenly distributed on the upper surface of the support table, the fixing table and the support table are fixedly connected by fixing pins, and the fixing table and the support table are fixedly connected.
- the outer gear rings are slidably connected through the slider and the chute.
- the two sets of first motors are respectively fixedly installed inside the first power box and the second power box, and a set of first motors is movably installed at the right end of the set of first motors.
- a group of turntables, and a group of turntables are movably installed on the left end of the other group of first motors.
- Each group of turntables is fixedly installed with a group of first electric telescopic rods. are aligned with the centerlines.
- a threaded rod is welded and fixed to the right end of the magnet block, the magnet block and the rotating rod are fixedly connected through a threaded rod and a threaded hole, and the magnet block is aligned with the centerline of the electromagnetic chuck.
- one end of the connecting shaft is movably installed with a rotating rod, and the other end of the connecting shaft is fixedly installed with a second connecting rod, and the second connecting rod and the lamp socket are connected by a second electric expansion and contraction.
- Rod fixed connection is
- the light bulbs are provided with several groups, and the several groups of light bulbs are evenly distributed on the lamp holder, and the lamp holder and the fuselage are fixedly connected by a first connecting rod.
- the motor and the connecting shaft are movably connected through a rotating shaft.
- a lead glass protective screen is movably installed on the front surface of the fuselage.
- a detection method of a bolt stereo imaging detection device specifically comprises the following steps:
- Step 1 Connect the external power supply, turn on the electromagnetic chuck, and place the bolt on the electromagnetic chuck;
- Step 2 Turn on the second motor to rotate the imager to perform screw imaging detection
- Step 3 Turn on the second electric telescopic rod and motor to perform imaging detection of the bolt head
- Step 4 If the bolt has a special shape and cannot be placed on the electromagnetic chuck, turn on the first electric telescopic rod, clamp the bolt through the thimble, then turn on the first motor to make the bolt rotate, and finally use the imager to image and detect the bolt;
- Step 5 After the bolt imaging inspection is completed, turn off the external power supply.
- the present invention is provided with an imager.
- the imager is composed of a first black and white camera, a second black and white camera, and an X-ray detector.
- the first black and white camera and the second black and white camera can generate a three-dimensional image of the bolt.
- the internal defects of the bolts can be inspected, and the inner gear ring can be rotated by the second motor and the outer gear ring. Since the imager is fixedly mounted on the inner gear ring, when the inner gear ring rotates, the imager also rotates, and the bolts can be further rotated.
- the 360-degree point-pointing modeling is carried out.
- the rotation of the imager can make the bolts not move during the imaging detection process, because the bolts may tip over during the movement process, which will make the detection inaccurate. Adjust the height of the imager so that the imager can detect bolts of different sizes, preventing the length of the bolts from being too long to complete the bolt modeling;
- the present invention is provided with a first electric telescopic rod and a thimble. Due to the variety of bolt shapes, some special bolts cannot be directly placed on the electromagnetic sucker. The special bolts can be clamped and fixed by the first electric telescopic rod and the thimble. Then, the turntable can be driven to rotate by the first motor, so as to achieve the purpose of rotating the bolt, and finally the special bolt is imaged and detected by the imager;
- the present invention is provided with a second electric telescopic rod and a magnet block, the bolts on the electromagnetic chuck can be adsorbed by the second electric telescopic rod and the magnet block, and then the bolts can be rotated 90 degrees by the motor, thereby making the heads of the bolts horizontal Finally, the head of the bolt can be imaged and detected by the imager, and several groups of bulbs are evenly distributed on the lamp holder. Through several groups of bulbs, there can be no shadows in the fuselage, thereby improving the clarity of the three-dimensional image. , X-ray radiation can be prevented by a lead glass protective screen.
- Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the combination of the first motor and the turntable of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the combination of the fixed platform and the imager of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the combination of the fixing table and the inner gear ring of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the combination of the fuselage and the lamp socket of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the combination of the magnet block and the connecting shaft of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a flow chart of the present invention.
- the present invention provides a bolt stereo imaging detection device, including a body 1, a workbench 10 is fixedly installed inside the body 1, a fixing platform 2 is fixedly installed inside the workbench 10, and the fixing platform
- the electromagnetic chuck 3 is fixedly installed above the 2, the left side of the electromagnetic chuck 3 is movably installed with a support base 4, an imager 6 is fixedly installed above the support base 4, and a first electric telescopic rod 7 is fixedly installed above the imager 6.
- a thimble 8 is fixedly installed on the right end of the first electric telescopic rod 7, a magnet block 9 is fixedly installed on the right side of the thimble 8, a first power box 5 is fixedly installed at the left end of the body 1, and a second power box is fixedly installed at the right end of the body 1.
- the power box 11, the computer 12 is fixedly installed in front of the second power box 11, the first motor 13 is fixedly installed inside the first power box 5, the turntable 14 is movably installed at the right end of the first motor 13, and the middle position of the imager 6
- An X-ray detector 16 is fixedly installed at the X-ray detector 16, a first black and white camera 15 is fixedly installed on the left side of the X-ray detector 16, a second black and white camera 17 is fixedly installed on the right side of the X-ray detector 16, and the lower part of the worktable 10 is movable.
- An internal gear ring 19 is installed, and a support table 18 is fixedly installed below the internal gear ring 19;
- a lifting rod 20 is fixedly installed below the support base 4, an arc block 21 is fixedly installed below the lifting rod 20, a slider 23 is fixedly installed on the fixing table 2, and an external gear ring 22 is movably installed under the fixing table 2.
- the inside of the gear ring 22 is provided with a chute 25, the upper surface of the support table 18 is fixedly installed with a fixing pin 24, the inside of the support table 18 is fixedly installed with a second motor 26, and the top of the fuselage 1 is fixedly installed with a first connecting rod 28 , a lamp holder 27 is fixedly installed below the first connecting rod 28, a second electric telescopic rod 29 is fixedly installed below the lamp holder 27, a second connecting rod 31 is fixedly installed below the second electric telescopic rod 29, and the second connecting rod A connecting shaft 30 is movably installed on the 31, a motor 32 is fixedly installed at the rear of the connecting shaft 30, a threaded rod 33 is fixedly installed at the right end of the magnet block 9, and a rotating rod 35 is movably installed at the left end
- a threaded hole 34 is provided, the lamp holder 27 is fixedly mounted with a second motor 26 , and the electromagnetic chuck 3 , the computer 12 , the first motor 13 , the second motor 26 and the motor 32 are all electrically connected to an external power source.
- the imager 6 is composed of a first black and white camera 15, an X-ray detector 16 and a second black and white camera 17.
- the first black and white camera 15 and the second black and white camera 17 can generate a three-dimensional image of the bolt.
- the light detector 16 can inspect the internal defects of the bolt, and the second motor 26 can drive the outer gear ring 22 to rotate. Since the inner gear ring 19 and the outer gear ring 22 are connected by meshing, the rotation of the outer gear ring 22 can make the inner gear ring 22 rotate.
- the ring 19 rotates accordingly, and then drives the imager 6 to rotate.
- the imager 6 can carry out 360-degree point-picking modeling for the bolt, so as to achieve the purpose of imaging detection.
- the rotation of the imager 6 can make the bolt in the imaging detection process. No movement occurs, because the bolt may tip over during the movement process, which makes the detection inaccurate.
- the height of the imager 6 can be adjusted by the lifting rod 20, so that the imager 6 can detect bolts of different sizes and prevent the bolts from being damaged. The length is too long to complete the bolt modeling.
- the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the first black-and-white camera 15 , the X-ray detector 16 , and the second black-and-white camera 17 are electrically connected to the computer 12 through wires.
- the imager 6 and the support base 4 are connected by snapping, the support base 4 and the arc block 21 are movably connected by the lifting rod 20, the arc block 21 is welded and fixed on the inner gear ring 19, and the inner gear ring 19 and the
- the outer gear ring 22 is connected by meshing, and the outer gear ring 22 and the second motor 26 are movably connected by a rotating shaft;
- the fixing pins 24 are provided with several groups, and the several groups of fixing pins 24 are evenly distributed on the upper surface of the support table 18,
- the fixed table 2 and the support table 18 are fixedly connected by a fixed pin 24, and the fixed table 2 and the outer gear ring 22 are slidably connected by a sliding block 23 and a chute 25;
- the first motor 13 is provided with two groups, and two groups of A motor 13 is fixedly installed inside the first power box 5 and the second power box 11 respectively, wherein a set of turntables 14 is movably mounted on the right end of one set of first motors 13 , and a set of
- the special bolts can be clamped by the first electric telescopic rod 7 and the ejector pin 8 , and then the second motor 26 can clamp the special bolts.
- the imager 6 moves to the rear of the bolt, and then the first motor 13 is turned on.
- the first motor 13 can drive the turntable 14 to rotate. Since the first electric telescopic rod 7 is fixedly installed on the turntable 14, the turntable 14 rotates, so that the first motor The telescopic rod 7 and the thimble 8 also rotate to achieve the purpose of rotating the bolt.
- the imager 6 is used to image and detect the bolt, which avoids the trouble that special bolts cannot be fixed for detection, and increases the use of the detection device.
- a threaded rod 33 is welded and fixed to the right end of the magnet block 9 , and the threaded rod 33 is passed between the magnet block 9 and the rotating rod 35 . It is fixedly connected with the threaded hole 34, and the magnet block 9 is aligned with the center line of the electromagnetic chuck 3; one end of the connecting shaft 30 is movably installed with a rotating rod 35, and the other end of the connecting shaft 30 is fixedly installed with a second connecting rod 31.
- the second connection The rod 31 and the lamp holder 27 are fixedly connected by the second electric telescopic rod 29; the bulbs 36 are provided with several groups, and the several groups of bulbs 36 are evenly distributed on the lamp holder 27, and the first connection between the lamp holder 27 and the fuselage 1
- the connecting rod 28 is fixedly connected; the datum 32 and the connecting shaft 30 are movably connected by a rotating shaft; the front surface of the fuselage 1 is movably installed with a lead glass protective screen.
- the bolt is usually composed of two parts, the head and the screw rod, when the bolt is placed on the electromagnetic chuck 3, it is difficult for the imager 6 to perform imaging detection on the head of the bolt.
- the magnet block 9 can adsorb the bolts on the electromagnetic chuck 3, and then turn on the motor 32, the bolt can be rotated 90 degrees, so that the bolt head is placed horizontally, and finally the imager 6 is moved by the second motor 26 to the bolt head.
- the head of the bolt can be imaged and detected by the imager 6.
- the X-ray detector 16 will emit X-rays, and X-rays will cause certain damage to the human body, the A lead glass protective screen is installed on the front surface, and the X-ray radiation can be prevented by the lead glass protective screen.
- a detection method of a bolt stereo imaging detection device specifically comprises the following steps:
- Step 1 Turn on the external power supply, turn on the electromagnetic chuck 3, place the bolt on the electromagnetic chuck 3, and fix the bolt by the electromagnetic chuck 3;
- Step 2 Turn on the second motor 26, drive the outer gear ring 22 to rotate through the second motor 26, and drive the inner gear ring 19 to rotate through the outer gear ring 22. Since the imager 6 is fixedly installed on the inner gear ring 19, when the inner gear ring When the 19 rotates, the imager 6 also rotates, and the imager 6 can detect the image of the screw. When the length of the bolt is relatively large, the height of the imager 6 can be adjusted by the lifting rod 20, so that the imager 6 can complete the point collection. modeling;
- Step 3 If the bolt head needs to be detected, just open the second electric telescopic rod 29, the bolt on the electromagnetic chuck 3 can be adsorbed by the second electric telescopic rod 29 and the magnet block 9, and then open the motor 32, The connecting shaft 30 is driven to rotate by the motor 32, so that the bolt can be rotated 90 degrees, so that the head of the bolt is placed horizontally, and then the imager 6 is moved to the front of the head of the bolt by the second motor 26. Imaging detection of bolt head;
- Step 4 If the bolt has a special shape and cannot be placed on the electromagnetic chuck 3, the special bolt can be clamped and fixed by the first electric telescopic rod 7 and the thimble 8, and then the second motor 26 is turned on, and the image is formed by the second motor 26.
- the instrument 6 is moved to the rear of the bolt, and then the first motor 13 is turned on, and the turntable 14 is driven to rotate by the first motor 13.
- the turntable 14 rotates, the first electric telescopic rod 7 and the ejector pin 8 also rotate, and then the rotation of the bolt is reached.
- the imager 6 is used to model the bolts in an all-round way, so as to complete the three-dimensional imaging detection;
- Step 5 After the bolt imaging inspection is completed, turn off the external power supply and reset all components.
- the working principle of the present invention the first black and white camera 15 and the second black and white camera 17 can generate a three-dimensional image of the bolt, the X-ray detector 16 can check the internal defects of the bolt, the second motor 26 and the external gear ring 22 can make The inner gear ring 19 rotates. Since the imager 6 is fixedly mounted on the inner gear ring 19, when the inner gear ring 19 rotates, the imager 6 also rotates, and then the bolts are modeled at 360 degrees.
- the rod 20 can adjust the height of the imager 6, so that the imager 6 can detect bolts of different sizes, the special bolts can be clamped and fixed by the first electric telescopic rod 7 and the thimble 8, and then the turntable can be driven by the first motor 13 14 is rotated to achieve the purpose of rotating the bolt. Finally, the special bolt is imaged and detected by the imager 6.
- the bolt on the electromagnetic chuck 3 can be adsorbed by the second electric telescopic rod 29 and the magnet block 9, and then the motor 32 can be turned on. Rotate the bolt 90 degrees so that the head of the bolt is placed horizontally, and finally the head of the bolt can be imaged and detected by the imager 6, and several groups of bulbs 36 are evenly distributed on the lamp holder 27. There is no shadow in the fuselage 1, thereby improving the clarity of the three-dimensional image.
- a lead glass protective screen is installed on the front surface of the fuselage 1, and the X-ray radiation can be prevented by the lead glass protective screen.
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Abstract
一种螺栓立体成像检测装置和检测方法，包括机身(1)，机身(1)的内部固定安装有工作台(10)，工作台(10)的内部固定安装有固定台(2)，固定台(2)的上方固定安装有电磁吸盘(3)，还设置有成像仪(6)，成像仪由第一黑白相机(15)、第二黑白相机(17)和X光检测仪(16)组成，通过第一黑白相机(15)和第二黑白相机(17)可以生成螺栓的三维立体图像，通过X光检测仪(16)可以检验螺栓的内部缺陷，通过第二电机(26)和外齿轮环(22)使得内齿轮环(19)旋转，进而使得成像仪(6)旋转，最后对螺栓进行采点建模，通过成像仪(6)旋转可以使得螺栓在成像检测过程中不发生移动，通过升降杆(20)调节成像仪(6)的高度，进而使得成像仪(6)可以检测不同大小的螺栓。
Description
本发明属于螺栓技术领域，具体涉及一种螺栓立体成像检测装置，更具体涉及一种螺栓立体成像检测装置及检测方法。
螺栓是一种配用螺母的圆柱形带螺纹的紧固件，它由头部和螺杆（带有外螺纹的圆柱体）两部分组成，需与螺母配合使用，用于紧固连接两个带有通孔的零件，螺栓检测分为人工和机器两种，人工是最原始也是使用最为普遍的一致检测方式，一般生产企业人员通过目视的方式对待包装或者发货的产品进行检验，以排除不良品（不良包括牙伤、混料、生锈等），另一种方式为机器全自动检测，主要是磁粉探伤，磁粉探伤是利用螺栓缺陷处的漏磁场与磁粉的相互作用，在适当的光照条件下，显现出缺陷位置和形状，对这些磁粉的堆积加以观察和解释，已达到剔除不良品的目的。
现有的人工目视检测由于检测难度大，并且效果不佳，以至于渐渐被机器检测所取代，而利用机器磁粉探伤检测螺栓，无法得到直观的检测结果，因此市面上出现了螺栓立体成像检测的装置，现有的螺栓立体成像检测装置通常都是螺栓旋转，成像仪固定不动，但是一般情况下，螺栓很难固定，利用这种检测方式，螺栓在旋转过程中很容易发生倾倒现象，进而影响检测结果；同时由于螺栓的形状具有多样性，有些特殊螺栓无法直接放置在电磁吸盘上固定，因此使得螺栓立体成像检测装置只能检测常规螺栓；并且大部分螺栓都是由头部和螺杆两部分组成，现有的螺栓立体成像检测装置只能在检测完螺杆之后，手动翻转螺栓，然后进行螺栓头部检测，降低了检测效率。
为此，提出一种螺栓立体成像检测装置及检测方法。
本发明的目的在于提供一种螺栓立体成像检测装置，本发明设置有成像仪，成像仪由第一黑白相机、第二黑白和X光检测仪组成，通过第一黑白相机和第二黑白相机可以生成螺栓的三维立体图像，通过X光检测仪可以检验螺栓的内部缺陷，通过第二电机和外齿轮环可以使得内齿轮环旋转，当内齿轮环旋转时，成像仪也跟着旋转，进而可以对螺栓进行三百六十度采点建模，通过成像仪旋转可以使得螺栓在成像检测过程中不发生移动，因为螺栓在移动过程中可能会出现发生倾倒现象，进而使得检测不准确，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明采取的技术方案为：
一种螺栓立体成像检测装置，包括机身，所述机身的内部固定安装有工作台，所述工作台的内部固定安装有固定台，所述固定台的上方固定安装有电磁吸盘，所述电磁吸盘的左侧活动安装有支撑座，所述支撑座的上方固定安装有成像仪，所述成像仪的上方固定安装有第一电动伸缩杆，所述第一电动伸缩杆的右端固定安装有顶针，所述顶针的右侧固定安装有磁铁块，所述机身的左端固定安装有第一动力箱，所述机身的右端固定安装有第二动力箱，所述第二动力箱的前方固定安装有计算机，所述第一动力箱的内部固定安装有第一电机，所述第一电机的右端活动安装有转盘，所述成像仪的中间位置处固定安装有X光检测仪，所述X光检测仪的左侧固定安装有第一黑白相机，所述X光检测仪的右侧固定安装有第二黑白相机，所述工作台的下方活动安装有内齿轮环，所述内齿轮环的下方固定安装有支撑台；
所述支撑座的下方固定安装有升降杆，所述升降杆的下方固定安装有弧形块，所述固定台上固定安装有滑块，所述固定台的下方活动安装有外齿轮环，所述外齿轮环的内部开设有滑槽，所述支撑台的上表面固定安装有固定销，所述支撑台的内部固定安装有第二电机，所述机身的顶端固定安装有第一连接杆，所述第一连接杆的下方固定安装有灯座，所述灯座的下方固定安装有第二电动伸缩杆，所述第二电动伸缩杆下方固定安装有第二连接杆，所述第二连接杆上活动安装有连接轴，所述连接轴的后方固定安装有马达，所述磁铁块的右端固定安装有螺纹杆，所述连接轴的左端活动安装有旋转杆，所述旋转杆的左表面开设有螺纹孔，所述灯座上固定安装有第二电机，所述电磁吸盘、计算机、第一电机、第二电机和马达均与外部电源电性连接。
作为本发明的进一步方案，所述第一黑白相机、X光检测仪和第二黑白相机与计算机之间通过导线电性连接，所述成像仪与支撑座之间通过卡合连接，所述支撑座与弧形块之间通过升降杆活动连接，所述弧形块焊接固定在内齿轮环上，所述内齿轮环与外齿轮环之间通过啮合连接，所述外齿轮环与第二电机之间通过转轴活动连接。
作为本发明的进一步方案，所述固定销共设置有若干组，若干组固定销均匀分布在支撑台的上表面，所述固定台与支撑台之间通过固定销固定连接，所述固定台与外齿轮环之间通过滑块和滑槽滑动连。
作为本发明的进一步方案，所述第一电机共设置有两组，两组第一电机分别固定安装在第一动力箱和第二动力箱的内部，其中一组第一电机的右端活动安装有一组转盘，另外一组第一电机的左端活动安装有一组转盘，每组转盘上均固定安装有一组第一电动伸缩杆，每组第一电动伸缩杆上均固定安装有一组顶针，两组顶针的中心线相对齐。
作为本发明的进一步方案，所述磁铁块的右端焊接固定有螺纹杆，所述磁铁块与旋转杆之间通过螺纹杆和螺纹孔固定连接，所述磁铁块与电磁吸盘的中心线相对齐。
作为本发明的进一步方案，所述连接轴的一端活动安装有旋转杆，所述连接轴的另一端固定安装有第二连接杆，所述第二连接杆与灯座之间通过第二电动伸缩杆固定连接。
作为本发明的进一步方案，所述灯泡共设置有若干组，若干组灯泡均匀分布在灯座上，所述灯座与机身之间通第一连接杆固定连接。
作为本发明的进一步方案，所述马达与连接轴之间通过转轴活动连接。
作为本发明的进一步方案，所述机身的前表面活动安装有铅玻璃防护屏。
一种螺栓立体成像检测装置的检测方法，该检测方法具体包括以下步骤：
步骤一：接通外部电源，开启电磁吸盘，将螺栓放置在电磁吸盘上；
步骤二：开启第二电机，使得成像仪旋转，进行螺杆成像检测；
步骤三：开启第二电动伸缩杆和马达，进行螺栓头部成像检测；
步骤四：若螺栓形状特殊，无法放置在电磁吸盘上，则开启第一电动伸缩杆，通过顶针夹紧螺栓，然后再开启第一电机，使得螺栓旋转，最后通过成像仪对螺栓进行成像检测；
步骤五：螺栓成像检测结束，关闭外部电源。
1、本发明设置有成像仪，成像仪由第一黑白相机、第二黑白和X光检测仪组成，通过第一黑白相机和第二黑白相机可以生成螺栓的三维立体图像，通过X光检测仪可以检验螺栓的内部缺陷，通过第二电机和外齿轮环可以使得内齿轮环旋转，由于成像仪固定安装在内齿轮环上，当内齿轮环旋转时，成像仪也跟着旋转，进而可以对螺栓进行三百六十度采点建模，通过成像仪旋转可以使得螺栓在成像检测过程中不发生移动，因为螺栓在移动过程中可能会出现发生倾倒现象，进而使得检测不准确，通过升降杆可以调节成像仪的高度，进而使得成像仪可以检测不同大小的螺栓，防止螺栓的长度过长，以至于无法完成螺栓建模；
2、本发明设置有第一电动伸缩杆和顶针，由于螺栓的形状具有多样性，有些特殊螺栓无法直接放置在电磁吸盘上，通过第一电动伸缩杆和顶针可以将特殊螺栓进行夹紧固定，然后通过第一电机可以带动转盘旋转，进而达到旋转螺栓的目的，最后通过成像仪对特殊螺栓进行成像检测；
本发明设置有第二电动伸缩杆和磁铁块，通过第二电动伸缩杆和磁铁块可以将电磁吸盘上的螺栓吸附住，然后通过马达，可以将螺栓旋转九十度，进而使得螺栓头部水平放置，最后通过成像仪即可对螺栓头部进行成像检测，将若干组灯泡均匀分布在灯座上，通过若干组灯泡可以使得机身内没有阴影的存在，进而提高了三维立体图像的清晰度，通过铅玻璃防护屏可以防止X光的辐射。
图1为本发明的结构示意图；
图2为本发明的第一电机与转盘相结合示意图；
图3为本发明的固定台与成像仪相结合示意图；
图4为本发明的固定台与内齿轮环相结合示意图；
图5为本发明的机身与灯座相结合示意图；
图6为本发明的磁铁块与连接轴相结合示意图；
图7为本发明的流程图。
图中：1-机身、2-固定台、3-电磁吸盘、4-支撑座、5-第一动力箱、6-成像仪、7-第一电动伸缩杆、8-顶针、9-磁铁块、10-工作台、11-第二动力箱、12-计算机、13-第一电机、14-转盘、15-第一黑白相机、16-X光检测仪、17-第二黑白相机、18-支撑台、19-内齿轮环、20-升降杆、21-弧形块、22-外齿轮环、23-滑块、24-固定销、25-滑槽、26-第二电机、27-灯座、28-第一连接杆、29-第二电动伸缩杆、30-连接轴、31-第二连接杆、32-马达、33-螺纹杆、34-螺纹孔、35-旋转杆、36-灯泡。
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
请参阅图1-图7，本发明提供一种螺栓立体成像检测装置，包括机身1，机身1的内部固定安装有工作台10，工作台10的内部固定安装有固定台2，固定台2的上方固定安装有电磁吸盘3，电磁吸盘3的左侧活动安装有支撑座4，支撑座4的上方固定安装有成像仪6，成像仪6的上方固定安装有第一电动伸缩杆7，第一电动伸缩杆7的右端固定安装有顶针8，顶针8的右侧固定安装有磁铁块9，机身1的左端固定安装有第一动力箱5，机身1的右端固定安装有第二动力箱11，第二动力箱11的前方固定安装有计算机12，第一动力箱5的内部固定安装有第一电机13，第一电机13的右端活动安装有转盘14，成像仪6的中间位置处固定安装有X光检测仪16，X光检测仪16的左侧固定安装有第一黑白相机15，X光检测仪16的右侧固定安装有第二黑白相机17，工作台10的下方活动安装有内齿轮环19，内齿轮环19的下方固定安装有支撑台18；
支撑座4的下方固定安装有升降杆20，升降杆20的下方固定安装有弧形块21，固定台2上固定安装有滑块23，固定台2的下方活动安装有外齿轮环22，外齿轮环22的内部开设有滑槽25，支撑台18的上表面固定安装有固定销24，支撑台18的内部固定安装有第二电机26，机身1的顶端固定安装有第一连接杆28，第一连接杆28的下方固定安装有灯座27，灯座27的下方固定安装有第二电动伸缩杆29，第二电动伸缩杆29下方固定安装有第二连接杆31，第二连接杆31上活动安装有连接轴30，连接轴30的后方固定安装有马达32，磁铁块9的右端固定安装有螺纹杆33，连接轴30的左端活动安装有旋转杆35，旋转杆35的左表面开设有螺纹孔34，灯座27上固定安装有第二电机26，电磁吸盘3、计算机12、第一电机13、第二电机26和马达32均与外部电源电性连接。
本实施例中，成像仪6由第一黑白相机15、X光检测仪16和第二黑白相机17组成，通过第一黑白相机15和第二黑白相机17可以生成螺栓的三维立体图像，通过X光检测仪16可以检验螺栓的内部缺陷，通过第二电机26可以带动外齿轮环22旋转，由于内齿轮环19与外齿轮环22之间通过啮合连接，因此外齿轮环22旋转可以使得内齿轮环19跟着旋转，进而带动成像仪6旋转，通过成像仪6可以对螺栓进行三百六十度采点建模，进而达到成像检测的目的，同时成像仪6旋转可以使得螺栓在成像检测过程中不发生移动，因为螺栓在移动过程中可能会出现发生倾倒现象，进而使得检测不准确，通过升降杆20可以调节成像仪6的高度，进而使得成像仪6可以检测不同大小的螺栓，防止螺栓的长度过长，以至于无法完成螺栓建模。
实施例2
如图1-4所示，本实施例相较于实施例1的区别之处在于：第一黑白相机15、X光检测仪16和第二黑白相机17与计算机12之间通过导线电性连接，成像仪6与支撑座4之间通过卡合连接，支撑座4与弧形块21之间通过升降杆20活动连接，弧形块21焊接固定在内齿轮环19上，内齿轮环19与外齿轮环22之间通过啮合连接，外齿轮环22与第二电机26之间通过转轴活动连接；固定销24共设置有若干组，若干组固定销24均匀分布在支撑台18的上表面，固定台2与支撑台18之间通过固定销24固定连接，固定台2与外齿轮环22之间通过滑块23和滑槽25滑动连接；第一电机13共设置有两组，两组第一电机13分别固定安装在第一动力箱5和第二动力箱11的内部，其中一组第一电机13的右端活动安装有一组转盘14，另外一组第一电机13的左端活动安装有一组转盘14，每组转盘14上均固定安装有一组第一电动伸缩杆7，每组第一电动伸缩杆7上均固定安装有一组顶针8，两组顶针8的中心线相对齐。
本实施例中，由于螺栓的形状具有多样性，有些螺栓无法直接放置在电磁吸盘3上，因此通过第一电动伸缩杆7和顶针8可以将特殊螺栓进行夹紧，接着通过第二电机26将成像仪6移动到螺栓的后方，然后开启第一电机13，通过第一电机13可以带动转盘14旋转，由于第一电动伸缩杆7固定安装在转盘14上，因此转盘14旋转，使得第一电动伸缩杆7和顶针8也跟着旋转，进而达到旋转螺栓的目的，最后通过成像仪6对螺栓进行成像检测，避免了特殊螺栓无法固定检测的麻烦，增加了检测装置的用途。
实施例3
如图1-7所示，本实施例相较于实施例1和2的区别之处在于：磁铁块9的右端焊接固定有螺纹杆33，磁铁块9与旋转杆35之间通过螺纹杆33和螺纹孔34固定连接，磁铁块9与电磁吸盘3的中心线相对齐；连接轴30的一端活动安装有旋转杆35，连接轴30的另一端固定安装有第二连接杆31，第二连接杆31与灯座27之间通过第二电动伸缩杆29固定连接；灯泡36共设置有若干组，若干组灯泡36均匀分布在灯座27上，灯座27与机身1之间通第一连接杆28固定连接；达32与连接轴30之间通过转轴活动连接；机身1的前表面活动安装有铅玻璃防护屏。
本实施例中，由于螺栓通常都是由头部和螺杆两部分组成，因此将螺栓放置在电磁吸盘3上时，成像仪6很难对螺栓头部进行成像检测，通过第二电动伸缩杆29和磁铁块9可以将电磁吸盘3上的螺栓吸附住，然后开启马达32，可以将螺栓旋转九十度，进而使得螺栓头部水平放置，最后通过第二电机26将成像仪6移动到螺栓头部前方，通过成像仪6即可对螺栓头部进行成像检测，同时机身1的内部可能会存在光线不均匀的情况，因此将若干组灯泡36均匀分布在灯座27上，通过若干组灯泡36可以使得机身1内没有阴影的存在，进而提高了三维立体图像的清晰度，由于X光检测仪16会发出X光，而X光对人体会有一定的损害，因此在机身1的前表面安装有铅玻璃防护屏，通过铅玻璃防护屏可以防止X光的辐射。
一种螺栓立体成像检测装置的检测方法，该检测方法具体包括以下步骤：
步骤一：接通外部电源，开启电磁吸盘3，将螺栓放置在电磁吸盘3上，通过电磁吸盘3将螺栓吸附固定；
步骤二：开启第二电机26，通过第二电机26带动外齿轮环22旋转，通过外齿轮环22带动内齿轮环19旋转，由于成像仪6固定安装在内齿轮环19上，当内齿轮环19旋转时，成像仪6也跟着旋转，通过成像仪6可以对螺杆的成像检测，当螺栓的长度比较大时，通过升降杆20调节成像仪6的高度，进而使得成像仪6可以完成采点建模；
步骤三：若需要对螺栓头部进行检测，只需开启第二电动伸缩杆29，通过第二电动伸缩杆29和磁铁块9可以将电磁吸盘3上的螺栓吸附住，然后再开启马达32，通过马达32带动连接轴30旋转，进而可以将螺栓旋转九十度，使得螺栓头部水平放置，接着通过第二电机26将成像仪6移动到螺栓头部的前方，通过成像仪6即可对螺栓头部进行成像检测；
步骤四：若螺栓形状特殊，无法放置在电磁吸盘3上，则通过第一电动伸缩杆7和顶针8可以将特殊螺栓进行夹紧固定，接着开启第二电机26，通过第二电机26将成像仪6移动到螺栓的后方，然后再开启第一电机13，通过第一电机13带动转盘14旋转，当转盘14旋转时，第一电动伸缩杆7和顶针8也跟着旋转，进而达到旋转螺栓的目的，最后通过成像仪6对螺栓进行全方位采点建模，进而完成立体成像检测；
步骤五：螺栓成像检测结束，关闭外部电源,复位各部件。
本发明工作原理：通过第一黑白相机15和第二黑白相机17可以生成螺栓的三维立体图像，通过X光检测仪16可以检验螺栓的内部缺陷，通过第二电机26和外齿轮环22可以使得内齿轮环19旋转，由于成像仪6固定安装在内齿轮环19上，当内齿轮环19旋转时，成像仪6也跟着旋转，进而对螺栓进行三百六十度采点建模，通过升降杆20可以调节成像仪6的高度，进而使得成像仪6可以检测不同大小的螺栓，通过第一电动伸缩杆7和顶针8可以将特殊螺栓进行夹紧固定，然后通过第一电机13可以带动转盘14旋转，进而达到旋转螺栓的目的，最后通过成像仪6对特殊螺栓进行成像检测，通过第二电动伸缩杆29和磁铁块9可以将电磁吸盘3上的螺栓吸附住，然后开启马达32，可以将螺栓旋转九十度，进而使得螺栓头部水平放置，最后通过成像仪6即可对螺栓头部进行成像检测，将若干组灯泡36均匀分布在灯座27上，通过若干组灯泡36可以使得机身1内没有阴影的存在，进而提高了三维立体图像的清晰度，在机身1的前表面安装有铅玻璃防护屏，通过铅玻璃防护屏可以防止X光的辐射。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
Claims (10)
- 一种螺栓立体成像检测装置，包括机身（1），其特征在于：所述机身（1）的内部固定安装有工作台（10），所述工作台（10）的内部固定安装有固定台（2），所述固定台（2）的上方固定安装有电磁吸盘（3），所述电磁吸盘（3）的左侧活动安装有支撑座（4），所述支撑座（4）的上方固定安装有成像仪（6），所述成像仪（6）的上方固定安装有第一电动伸缩杆（7），所述第一电动伸缩杆（7）的右端固定安装有顶针（8），所述顶针（8）的右侧固定安装有磁铁块（9），所述机身（1）的左端固定安装有第一动力箱（5），所述机身（1）的右端固定安装有第二动力箱（11），所述第二动力箱（11）的前方固定安装有计算机（12），所述第一动力箱（5）的内部固定安装有第一电机（13），所述第一电机（13）的右端活动安装有转盘（14），所述成像仪（6）的中间位置处固定安装有X光检测仪（16），所述X光检测仪（16）的左侧固定安装有第一黑白相机（15），所述X光检测仪（16）的右侧固定安装有第二黑白相机（17），所述工作台（10）的下方活动安装有内齿轮环（19），所述内齿轮环（19）的下方固定安装有支撑台（18）。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种螺栓立体成像检测装置，其特征在于：所述支撑座（4）的下方固定安装有升降杆（20），所述升降杆（20）的下方固定安装有弧形块（21），所述固定台（2）上固定安装有滑块（23），所述固定台（2）的下方活动安装有外齿轮环（22），所述外齿轮环（22）的内部开设有滑槽（25），所述支撑台（18）的上表面固定安装有固定销（24），所述支撑台（18）的内部固定安装有第二电机（26），所述机身（1）的顶端固定安装有第一连接杆（28），所述第一连接杆（28）的下方固定安装有灯座（27），所述灯座（27）的下方固定安装有第二电动伸缩杆（29），所述第二电动伸缩杆（29）下方固定安装有第二连接杆（31），所述第二连接杆（31）上活动安装有连接轴（30），所述连接轴（30）的后方固定安装有马达（32），所述磁铁块（9）的右端固定安装有螺纹杆（33），所述连接轴（30）的左端活动安装有旋转杆（35），所述旋转杆（35）的左表面开设有螺纹孔（34），所述灯座（27）上固定安装有第二电机（26），所述电磁吸盘（3）、计算机（12）、第一电机（13）、第二电机（26）和马达（32）均与外部电源电性连接。
- 根据权利要求2所述的一种螺栓立体成像检测装置，其特征在于：所述第一黑白相机（15）、X光检测仪（16）和第二黑白相机（17）与计算机（12）之间通过导线电性连接，所述成像仪（6）与支撑座（4）之间通过卡合连接，所述支撑座（4）与弧形块（21）之间通过升降杆（20）活动连接，所述弧形块（21）焊接固定在内齿轮环（19）上，所述内齿轮环（19）与外齿轮环（22）之间通过啮合连接，所述外齿轮环（22）与第二电机（26）之间通过转轴活动连接。
- 根据权利要求2所述的一种螺栓立体成像检测装置，其特征在于：所述固定销（24）共设置有若干组，若干组固定销（24）均匀分布在支撑台（18）的上表面，所述固定台（2）与支撑台（18）之间通过固定销（24）固定连接，所述固定台（2）与外齿轮环（22）之间通过滑块（23）和滑槽（25）滑动连接。
- 根据权利要求2所述的一种螺栓立体成像检测装置，其特征在于：所述第一电机（13）共设置有两组，两组第一电机（13）分别固定安装在第一动力箱（5）和第二动力箱（11）的内部，其中一组第一电机（13）的右端活动安装有一组转盘（14），另外一组第一电机（13）的左端活动安装有一组转盘（14），每组转盘（14）上均固定安装有一组第一电动伸缩杆（7），每组第一电动伸缩杆（7）上均固定安装有一组顶针（8），两组顶针（8）的中心线相对齐；所述磁铁块（9）的右端焊接固定有螺纹杆（33），所述磁铁块（9）与旋转杆（35）之间通过螺纹杆（33）和螺纹孔（34）固定连接，所述磁铁块（9）与电磁吸盘（3）的中心线相对齐。
- 根据权利要求2所述的一种螺栓立体成像检测装置，其特征在于：所述连接轴（30）的一端活动安装有旋转杆（35），所述连接轴（30）的另一端固定安装有第二连接杆（31），所述第二连接杆（31）与灯座（27）之间通过第二电动伸缩杆（29）固定连接。
- 根据权利要求2所述的一种螺栓立体成像检测装置，其特征在于：所述灯泡（36）共设置有若干组，若干组灯泡（36）均匀分布在灯座（27）上，所述灯座（27）与机身（1）之间通第一连接杆（28）固定连接。
- 根据权利要求2所述的一种螺栓立体成像检测装置，其特征在于：所述马达（32）与连接轴（30）之间通过转轴活动连接。
- 根据权利要求2所述的一种螺栓立体成像检测装置，其特征在于：所述机身（1）的前表面活动安装有铅玻璃防护屏。
- 基于权利要求1所述的一种螺栓立体成像检测装置的检测方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：步骤一：接通外部电源，开启电磁吸盘（3），将螺栓放置在电磁吸盘（3）上；步骤二：开启第二电机（26），使得成像仪（6）旋转，进行螺杆成像检测；步骤三：开启第二电动伸缩杆（29）和马达（32），进行螺栓头部成像检测；步骤四：若螺栓形状特殊，无法放置在电磁吸盘（3）上，则开启第一电动伸缩杆（7），通过顶针（8）夹紧螺栓，然后再开启第一电机（13），使得螺栓旋转，最后通过成像仪（6）对螺栓进行成像检测；步骤五：螺栓成像检测结束，关闭外部电源。
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