WO2022140932A1 - 电机的定子和电机 - Google Patents

电机的定子和电机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022140932A1
WO2022140932A1 PCT/CN2020/140223 CN2020140223W WO2022140932A1 WO 2022140932 A1 WO2022140932 A1 WO 2022140932A1 CN 2020140223 W CN2020140223 W CN 2020140223W WO 2022140932 A1 WO2022140932 A1 WO 2022140932A1
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Prior art keywords
pitch
winding
stator
wire
jumper
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PCT/CN2020/140223
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English (en)
French (fr)
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舒森
李向阳
韩卫军
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舍弗勒技术股份两合公司
舒森
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Application filed by 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司, 舒森 filed Critical 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司
Priority to DE112020007884.1T priority Critical patent/DE112020007884T5/de
Priority to US18/269,596 priority patent/US20240063674A1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2020/140223 priority patent/WO2022140932A1/zh
Priority to CN202080106151.9A priority patent/CN116368714A/zh
Publication of WO2022140932A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022140932A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electric machines, and in particular to the stator and the electric machine of the electric machine.
  • Chinese Patent Publication CN111446797A discloses a flat wire continuous wave winding, which uses short-pitch dislocation and jumping winding methods to form a continuous wave winding with flat wires.
  • this kind of winding method will cause uneven distribution of windings in the circumferential direction of the stator core for multi-layer winding.
  • the wire A1 is wound into the slot 1, and when the winding is wound to the third layer and the fourth layer, the wire A1 is not wound into the slot 1, but is wound into the slot 2. This will make the AC resistance of the first and second layers different from the AC resistance of the third and fourth layers, which will cause copper loss and uneven heating.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome or at least alleviate the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a motor stator and a motor.
  • a stator of an electric motor comprising a stator iron core and a stator winding, the stator winding including a multiphase winding wound around the stator iron core, and the wires of the winding are in the stator iron
  • the circumferential direction of the core is continuously wound in a wave shape, the number of winding layers is 2N, the number of phases of the winding is S, the number of poles of each phase winding is 2P, and N, S and P are all positive integers, wherein,
  • the stator core is formed with 4 ⁇ S ⁇ P slots, the winding of each phase and each pole includes two wire groups, and each of the wire groups includes two said wires wound in parallel in the adjacent slots. wire,
  • the pitch of the wire group during the winding process includes a normal pitch and a jumper pitch, the normal pitch includes an alternate first pitch and a second pitch, and the first pitch is y+1 , the second pitch is y-1, the jumper pitch includes a third pitch and a fourth pitch, the third pitch is y, the fourth pitch is y-2, y is a positive integer greater than 2,
  • Each of the wire groups uses one jumper pitch every P-1 of the normal pitches in the same layer, and the jumper pitch makes the two wires in the same wire group run along the Transposition in the circumferential winding direction.
  • each of the wire groups uses one of the jumper segments between two of the normal pitches at the junction of any adjacent layers other than the Nth layer and the N+1th layer distance, so that the two wires in the same wire group are transposed in the winding direction along the circumferential direction.
  • each said wire group uses one said jumper pitch between two said normal pitches at the junction of any adjacent layers, such that two wires within the same wire group Transposed in the winding direction in the circumferential direction.
  • the jumper pitch used by the wire in the slot located in front of the winding direction is the fourth pitch
  • the jumper pitch used by the wire in the slot behind the winding direction is the third pitch
  • y is equal to the polar distance
  • the value S of the number of phases is equal to three.
  • each of the wires is a complete wire on the winding path without intermediate connection points.
  • the wire is a flat wire.
  • a motor including a stator, wherein the stator is the stator according to the present invention.
  • the stator winding of the motor according to the present invention is uniform, the harmonic component of the magnetic potential is small, and the alternating current resistance is balanced.
  • the stator and motor according to the present invention are highly reliable and can provide greater power density.
  • 1 to 3 respectively show schematic diagrams of winding manners of three-phase windings according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the winding manner of one-phase winding according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the stator includes a stator core and stator windings.
  • 48 slots are formed in the stator iron core, and the figure shows a schematic diagram of the 48 slots being developed in the circumferential direction C.
  • the number of slots corresponding to each phase and each pole is 2.
  • the invention uses the short-pitch method to wind the winding, so that the pitch of the part is smaller than the pole pitch, and in the winding process, the winding method of the normal pitch combined with the jumper pitch is used, so that the wires are evenly distributed in each layer, and the The magnetic potential has less harmonic components.
  • each phase winding consists of 4 conductors which form two conductor groups, each conductor group has 2 conductors.
  • the current flows in the same direction in each wire group, and the current flows in the opposite direction in the two wire groups of each phase.
  • the arrows below the wires in the figure show the current flow in the wires.
  • the winding rule of each phase winding is the same, but the starting winding slots of each phase winding are different, so that each phase winding uses different slots.
  • the winding rule of the winding according to the present invention is introduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing 48 slots developed along the circumferential direction C of the stator core.
  • the vertical line next to each number sequence number represents a slot.
  • the slot at the unfolded position is displayed once at the beginning and the end of the unfolded figure (that is, it is displayed repeatedly).
  • the wires of each phase are wound in four layers in the radial direction of the stator core, which are the first layer L1 , the second layer L2 , the third layer L3 and the fourth layer L4 respectively.
  • the wires represented by solid lines and the wires represented by dotted lines in each slot in the figure need to be arranged (corresponding to the wires represented by solid lines and the wires represented by dotted lines in each slot in the figure), so in fact, each layer
  • wires A1 and A2 are one wire group
  • wires A3 and A4 are another wire group.
  • the two wires in each wire group are wound into two adjacent slots in parallel in each step of the winding process. Since the winding rules of the above two wire groups are the same, the following only takes the wire group formed by the wire A1 and the wire A2 as an example for introduction.
  • the wire A1 and the wire A2 are wound from the slot 1 and the slot 2 respectively, and advance in the circumferential direction C of the stator iron core in the direction indicated by the arrow d1, and then advance to the far right in the figure.
  • the slot 32 turn to the leftmost slot 32 in the figure to observe, and the wire continues to advance in the circumferential direction C of the stator core along the direction indicated by the arrow d2.
  • the wire is fully wound around the circumference C of the stator core, go to the second layer L2 for winding. Afterwards, the above observation method can be used to observe the direction of the wires in the subsequent layers.
  • the pitch of the wire in the winding process includes normal pitch and jumper pitch.
  • the jumper pitch is used after every 3 normal pitches; between adjacent layers, the wire uses the jumper pitch at the step across the layers, that is, in the previous step.
  • a jumper pitch is used between the normal pitch at the end of the layer and the normal pitch at the beginning of the following layer.
  • Each use of a jumper pitch causes the two wires within one wire group to change positions in the winding direction along the circumferential direction C, i.e., in the winding direction along the circumferential direction C (for example, before the jumper pitch is used) That is, the directions indicated by the arrows d1 and d2 in the figure), the wires wound at the normal pitch in each step are in the adjacent slots: the wire A2 is in the front and the wire A1 is behind, after a jumper pitch, the change Wire A1 is in front and wire A2 is behind.
  • the normal pitch is divided into a first pitch and a second pitch.
  • the pole pitch y 6
  • the first pitch is 7 (ie y+1)
  • the second pitch is 5 (ie y-1).
  • the jumper pitch is divided into a third pitch and a fourth pitch, the third pitch is 6 (ie y), and the fourth pitch is 4 (ie y-2).
  • the first pitch and the second pitch are used alternately.
  • the wire located in front of the winding direction uses the fourth pitch, and the wire behind the winding direction uses the third pitch, so that after the jumper is wound, the front and rear positions of the two wires in the winding direction are reversed.
  • wire A1 and the wire A2 are respectively wound from the slot 1 and the slot 2 of the first layer.
  • the grooves that the wire A1 is wound into during the winding process of the first layer L1 are: 1 ⁇ 8 ⁇ 13 ⁇ 20 ⁇ 26 ⁇ 33 ⁇ 38 ⁇ 45, and the pitches used are: 7 (8-1), 5 ( 13-8), 7(20-13), 6(26-20), 7(33-26), 5(38-33), 7(45-38).
  • the pitch 6 is the jumper pitch (third pitch) used in the layer.
  • the wire A1 is wound from the slot 45 of the first layer L1 to the slot 1 of the second layer L2, and continues to be wound in the second layer L2, and the winding slots are in sequence: 45(L1) ⁇ 1(L2) ⁇ 8 ⁇ 13 ⁇ 20 ⁇ 26 ⁇ 33 ⁇ 38 ⁇ 45, the pitches used are: 4, 7, 5, 7, 6, 7, 5, 7.
  • the pitch 4 is the jumper pitch (the fourth pitch) used between layers
  • the pitch 6 is the jumper pitch (third pitch) used within the layer.
  • the grooves into which the wire A2 is wound during the winding process of the first layer L1 are 2 ⁇ 9 ⁇ 14 ⁇ 21 ⁇ 25 ⁇ 32 ⁇ 37 ⁇ 44, and the pitches used are 7, 5, 7, 4, 7, and 5 respectively. , 7.
  • the pitch 4 is the jumper pitch (fourth pitch) used between layers.
  • the wire A2 is wound from the slot 44 of the first layer L1 to the slot 2 of the second layer L2, and continues to be wound in the second layer L2.
  • the winding slots are in sequence: 44(L1) ⁇ 2(L2) ⁇ 9 ⁇ 14 ⁇ 21 ⁇ 25 ⁇ 32 ⁇ 37 ⁇ 44, the pitches used are: 6, 7, 5, 7, 4, 7, 5, 7.
  • the pitch 4 is the jumper pitch (the fourth pitch) used between layers
  • the pitch 6 is the jumper pitch (third pitch) used between the layers.
  • the jumper pitch is not used, but the normal pitch is still used. Since the pitch used in the previous step of the slot 45 of the second layer L2 is the first pitch, and the pitch value is 7 (winding from the slot 38 of the second layer L2 to the slot 45), the first pitch in the normal pitch is used next. Two pitches, the pitch value is 5, and wraps around into the slot 2 of the third layer L3.
  • the slot number used in each layer of each wire group of the winding according to the present invention is fixed, or the same.
  • the slots they are wound into in the four layers are always slots 1, 2, 8, 9, 13, 14, 20, 21, 25, 26, 32, 33 , 37, 38, 44 and 45.
  • the three-phase windings according to the present invention can maintain uniform winding in the circumferential direction C, which makes the AC resistance formed by the windings more balanced.
  • jumper pitches can also be used in the Nth layer and the N+1th layer, that is, the jumper pitch is used between every two adjacent layers .
  • the same jumper pitch can be used between every two adjacent layers, and the corresponding illustration is omitted in the present invention.
  • the wire of the winding according to the present invention uses a flat wire, more preferably a flat copper wire.
  • the flat wire can make the fill rate of the groove reach more than 60%.
  • each of the four wires of each phase according to the present invention is a complete wire without splicing on the winding path and without solder joints. This enhances the reliability of the winding and is less prone to failure of the winding due to damage to the intermediate solder joints.
  • the four wires of each phase may be connected in series, may also be connected in parallel, or may be connected in a mixed connection (series-parallel connection).
  • the three-phase windings can be connected in a delta or star connection.
  • each pole has 2 slots per phase
  • the present invention does not limit the number of poles per phase, the number of slots of the stator core and the number of layers (which need to be even) wound by the winding.
  • the present invention also provides a motor including the stator.
  • the present invention uses the normal pitch and the jumper pitch alternately at a certain interval, and uses the first pitch and the second pitch of the interval for the normal pitch, which makes the windings in the circumferential direction C of the stator core.
  • the winding is more uniform and the AC resistance is more balanced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Windings For Motors And Generators (AREA)

Abstract

一种电机的定子，包括定子铁芯和缠绕到定子铁芯的多相绕组，绕组的导线在定子铁芯的周向上呈波浪形地连续地缠绕，缠绕的层数为2N，绕组的相数为S，每相绕组的极数为2P，定子铁芯形成有4×S×P个槽，每相每极的绕组包括两个导线组，每个导线组包括2根在相邻的槽内并行地缠绕的导线，导线组在缠绕过程中的节距包括正常节距和跳线节距，正常节距包括交替出现的第一节距和第二节距，第一节距为y+1，第二节距为y-1，跳线节距包括第三节距和第四节距，第三节距为y，第四节距为y-2，每个导线组在同一层内每间隔P-1个正常节距使用一个跳线节距，跳线节距使得同一个导线组内的两个导线在沿周向的缠绕方向上换位。本发明还提供一种电机。

Description

电机的定子和电机 技术领域
本发明涉及电机领域，且特别地涉及电机的定子和电机。
背景技术
中国专利公开CN111446797A公开了一种扁线连续波绕组，其使用短节距的错位和跳位绕线方式，使扁线型的导线构成连续的波形绕组。
然而，这种绕线方式对于多层绕线会形成绕组在定子铁芯的周向上不平均的分布，例如，在该专利公开的图2所示的绕线方式中，导线A1在一层和二层的缠绕过程中均绕入槽1，而当缠绕至三层和四层时，导线A1不绕入槽1、而是绕入槽2。这会使得一层和二层的交流电阻不同于三层和四层的交流电阻，进而会引起铜损以及不均匀的发热。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服或至少减轻上述现有技术存在的不足，提供一种电机的定子和电机。
根据本发明的第一方面，提供一种电机的定子，包括定子铁芯和定子绕组，所述定子绕组包括缠绕到所述定子铁芯的多相绕组，所述绕组的导线在所述定子铁芯的周向上呈波浪形地连续地缠绕，缠绕的层数为2N，所述绕组的相数为S，每相绕组的极数为2P，N、S和P均为正整数，其中，
所述定子铁芯形成有4×S×P个槽，每相每极的绕组包括两个导线组，每个所述导线组包括2根在相邻的所述槽内并行地缠绕的所述导线，
所述导线组在缠绕过程中的节距包括正常节距和跳线节距，所述正常节距包括交替出现的第一节距和第二节距，所述第一节距为y+1，所述第二节 距为y-1，所述跳线节距包括第三节距和第四节距，所述第三节距为y，所述第四节距为y-2，y为大于2的正整数，
每个所述导线组在同一层内每间隔P-1个所述正常节距使用一个所述跳线节距，所述跳线节距使得同一个导线组内的两个导线在沿所述周向的缠绕方向上换位。
在至少一个实施方式中，每个所述导线组在除第N层和第N+1层以外的任意相邻层的交界处的两个所述正常节距之间使用一个所述跳线节距，使得同一个导线组内的两个导线在沿所述周向的缠绕方向上换位。
在至少一个实施方式中，每个所述导线组在任意相邻层的交界处的两个所述正常节距之间使用一个所述跳线节距，使得同一个导线组内的两个导线在沿所述周向的缠绕方向上换位。
在至少一个实施方式中，在沿所述周向的缠绕方向上，位于所述缠绕方向的前方的所述槽内的所述导线使用的所述跳线节距为所述第四节距，位于所述缠绕方向的后方的所述槽内的所述导线使用的所述跳线节距为所述第三节距。
在至少一个实施方式中，y等于极距。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述相数的值S等于3。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述极数为8，P＝4。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述层数为4，N＝2。
在至少一个实施方式中，每根所述导线在缠绕路径上为完整的导线而不出现中间连接点。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述导线为扁线。
根据本发明的第二方面，提供一种电机，包括定子，其特征在于，所述定子为根据本发明所述的定子。
根据本发明的电机的定子绕线均匀，磁势的谐波成分少，交流电阻平衡。
根据本发明的定子和电机可靠性高，且可以提供较大的功率密度。
附图说明
图1至图3分别示出了根据本发明的一个实施方式的三相绕组的缠绕方式的示意图。
图4示出了根据本发明的另一个实施方式的其中一相绕组的缠绕方式的示意图。
附图标记说明：
C周向；L1第一层；L2第二层；L3第三层；L4第四层。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图描述本发明的示例性实施方式。应当理解，这些具体的说明仅用于示教本领域技术人员如何实施本发明，而不用于穷举本发明的所有可行的方式，也不用于限制本发明的范围。
以三相电机(即相数S＝3)为例，结合图1至图4说明根据本发明的电机和电机的定子。
定子包括定子铁芯和定子绕组。在本实施方式中，定子铁芯形成有48个槽，图中示出了这48个槽在周向C上展开的示意图。定子绕组形成的极数2P为8，即极对数P＝4。每相每极所对应的槽数为2。
根据绕组的基础知识，上述绕组所对应的极距y＝6。本发明使用短距法绕制绕组，使部分的节距小于极距，并且在绕制过程中，使用正常节距结合跳线节距的绕制方法，使得导线在各层分布均匀，并且使得磁势的谐波成分较少。
图1至图3分别示出了根据本发明的一个实施方式的各相(U相、V相和 W相)绕组的缠绕示意图。每相绕组包括4根导线，这4根导线形成两个导线组，每个导线组具有2根导线。每个导线组内的电流流向相同，每相两个导线组内的电流流向相反，图中位于导线下方的箭头示出了该导线内电流的流向。每一相绕组的绕制规律是相同的，只是各相绕组的起始绕制槽不同，使得各相绕组使用不同的槽。
首先参照图1，以其中一相绕组(例如U相绕组)为例，介绍根据本发明的绕组的绕制规律。
图1是将48个槽沿定子铁芯的周向C展开的示意图。图中每个数字序号紧挨的竖线代表一个槽，为方便示意，展开位置处的槽在展开图的首尾均显示一次(即重复显示一次)。
在本实施方式中，每相导线在定子铁芯的径向上缠绕4层，分别为第一层L1、第二层L2、第三层L3和第四层L4。值得说明的是，在每层内由于需要设置供电流反向流动的两组导线(对应图中每个槽内既有用实线表示的导线也有用虚线表示的导线)，因此实际上，每层内还具有两个导线层，即本实施方式中的每个槽内在径向上叠放有8根导线，只是为表述方便，本文中将它们分为上述4个导线层。
图中，导线A1和导线A2为一个导线组，导线A3和导线A4为另一个导线组。每个导线组内的2根导线在每一步的绕制过程中都是并行的、绕入相邻的两个槽。由于上述两个导线组的绕制规律是相同的，因此接下来仅以导线A1和导线A2所形成的导线组为例进行介绍。
从第一层L1开始观察，导线A1和导线A2分别从槽1和槽2绕入，沿箭头d1所指的方向在定子铁芯的周向C上前进，在前进至图中最右侧的槽32后，转到图中最左侧的槽32进行观察，导线沿箭头d2所指的方向在定子铁芯的周向C上继续前进。当导线在定子铁芯的周向C上绕满一周过后，转到第二层 L2绕制。之后可以沿用上述观察方式观察导线在后续层的走向。
导线在缠绕过程中的节距包括正常节距和跳线节距。在本实施方式中，在每一层内，每3个正常节距之后使用一次跳线节距；在相邻层之间，导线在跨层的那一步使用跳线节距，即在前一层的末端的正常节距与后一层的始端的正常节距之间使用一次跳线节距。
每次跳线节距的使用使得一个导线组内的两根导线在沿周向C的缠绕方向上更换位置，即，例如在使用跳线节距之前，在沿周向C的缠绕方向上(即图中箭头d1、d2所指的方向)，每步按正常节距绕制的导线在相邻的槽内满足：导线A2在前、导线A1在后，经历一次跳线节距之后，变成导线A1在前、导线A2在后。
具体地，正常节距分为第一节距和第二节距，本实施方式中的极距y＝6，第一节距为7(即y+1)，第二节距为5(即y-1)。
跳线节距分为第三节距和第四节距，第三节距为6(即y)，第四节距为4(即y-2)。
使用正常节距时，第一节距和第二节距交替使用。使用跳线节距时，位于缠绕方向前方的导线使用第四节距、位于缠绕方向后方的导线使用第三节距，使得跳线缠绕过后，两根导线在缠绕方向上的前后位置互换。
以导线A1和导线A2分别从第一层的槽1和槽2开始缠绕为例进行详细介绍。
导线A1在第一层L1绕制过程中绕入的槽依次为：1→8→13→20→26→33→38→45，使用的节距分别为：7(8-1)、5(13-8)、7(20-13)、6(26-20)、7(33-26)、5(38-33)、7(45-38)。其中，节距6为层内使用的跳线节距(第三节距)。
之后，导线A1从第一层L1的槽45绕到第二层L2的槽1，并在第二层L2 内继续绕制，绕入的槽依次为：45(L1)→1(L2)→8→13→20→26→33→38→45，使用的节距分别为：4、7、5、7、6、7、5、7。其中，节距4为层间使用的跳线节距(第四节距)，节距6为层内使用的跳线节距(第三节距)。
导线A2在第一层L1绕制过程中绕入的槽依次为2→9→14→21→25→32→37→44，使用的节距分别为7、5、7、4、7、5、7。其中，节距4为层间使用的跳线节距(第四节距)。
之后，导线A2从第一层L1的槽44绕到第二层L2的槽2，并在第二层L2内继续绕制，绕入的槽依次为：44(L1)→2(L2)→9→14→21→25→32→37→44，使用的节距分别为：6、7、5、7、4、7、5、7。其中，节距4为层间使用的跳线节距(第四节距)，节距6为层间使用的跳线节距(第三节距)。
值得说明的是，在本实施方式中，对于总层数为2N的绕组，在第N层和第N+1层的交界处(或者说在第N层和第N+1层之间)不使用跳线节距。对应图1，N＝2，在第二层L2和第三层L3之间不使用跳线节距。
例如，对于导线A1，其由第二层L2的槽45向第三层L3绕制时，不使用跳线节距，而是仍使用正常节距。由于第二层L2的槽45之前一步使用的节距为第一节距，节距值为7(从第二层L2的槽38绕到槽45)，因此接下来使用正常节距中的第二节距，节距值为5，绕入第三层L3的槽2。
之后在第三层L3内沿用之前的“每3个正常节距之后使用一次跳线节距”的规则。在第三层L3和第四层L4之间，仍使用一次跳线节距。
通过这种绕制方式，根据本发明的绕组的每个导线组在每一层所使用的槽号是固定的、或者说是相同的。例如，对于导线A1和导线A2所构成的导线组，它们在四个层内绕入的槽始终是槽1、2、8、9、13、14、20、21、25、26、32、33、37、38、44和45。
进而推广到每相的绕组，它们也具有上述固定槽号的特点，于是根据本 发明的三相绕组在周向C上能保持均匀缠绕，这使得绕组所形成的交流电阻更平衡。
由于图2和图3所示的V相和W相的绕组的绕制方式与U相绕组相仿，本发明对此不再赘述。
可选地，参照图4，在其它可能的实施方式中，在第N层和第N+1层也可以使用跳线节距，即在每两个相邻层之间都使用跳线节距。对于其它两相绕组，也是同样的可以在每两个相邻层之间都使用跳线节距，本发明略去相应的图示。
优选地，根据本发明的绕组的导线使用扁线，更优选为扁铜线。扁线能够使得槽的填满率达到60％以上。
优选地，根据本发明的每相的4根导线中的每根导线均为一根完整的、在缠绕路径上不发生拼接、不具有焊点的导线。这使得绕组的可靠性增强，不容易由于中间焊接点的损坏而导致绕组失效。当然，在实际生产中，考虑到各方面的原因，也可以使用多根导线首尾相连而形成较长的一根导线。
可选地，本发明中每相的4根导线可以是串联的，也可以是并联的，或者可以是混联(串并联)的。三相的绕组可以呈三角形连接，也可以呈星形连接。
应当理解，在每相每极具有2个槽的情况下，本发明对每相的极数、定子铁芯的槽数以及绕组所绕制的层数(需要是偶数)均不作限制。
应当理解，本发明还提供一种包括该定子的电机。
下面简单说明本发明的上述实施方式的部分有益效果。
(i)本发明将正常节距与跳线节距按一定间隔地交替使用，并对于正常节距使用间隔的第一节距和第二节距，这使得绕组在定子铁芯的周向C上的绕制更均匀，交流电阻更平衡。
(ii)跳线节距处的磁势的谐波成分小，电机性能好。
(iii)导线呈波浪形地连续地缠绕，极大降低了焊点数，使得绕组的可靠性增加。
应当理解，上述实施方式仅是示例性的，不用于限制本发明。本领域技术人员可以在本发明的教导下对上述实施方式做出各种变型和改变，而不脱离本发明的范围。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种电机的定子，包括定子铁芯和定子绕组，所述定子绕组包括缠绕到所述定子铁芯的多相绕组，所述绕组的导线在所述定子铁芯的周向(C)上呈波浪形地连续地缠绕，缠绕的层数为2N，所述绕组的相数为S，每相绕组的极数为2P，N、S和P均为正整数，其中，
    所述定子铁芯形成有4×S×P个槽，每相每极的绕组包括两个导线组，每个所述导线组包括2根在相邻的所述槽内并行地缠绕的所述导线，
    所述导线组在缠绕过程中的节距包括正常节距和跳线节距，所述正常节距包括交替出现的第一节距和第二节距，所述第一节距为y+1，所述第二节距为y-1，所述跳线节距包括第三节距和第四节距，所述第三节距为y，所述第四节距为y-2，y为大于2的正整数，
    每个所述导线组在同一层内每间隔P-1个所述正常节距使用一个所述跳线节距，所述跳线节距使得同一个导线组内的两个导线在沿所述周向(C)的缠绕方向上换位。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电机的定子，其特征在于，每个所述导线组在除第N层和第N+1层以外的任意相邻层的交界处的两个所述正常节距之间使用一个所述跳线节距，使得同一个导线组内的两个导线在沿所述周向(C)的缠绕方向上换位。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电机的定子，其特征在于，每个所述导线组在任意相邻层的交界处的两个所述正常节距之间使用一个所述跳线节距，使得同一个导线组内的两个导线在沿所述周向(C)的缠绕方向上换位。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的电机的定子，其特征在于，在沿所述周向(C)的缠绕方向上，位于所述缠绕方向的前方的所述槽内的所述导线使用的所述跳线节距为所述第四节距，位于所述缠绕方向的后方的所述槽内的所述导线使用的所述跳线节距为所述第三节距。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的电机的定子，其特征在于，y等于极距。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的电机的定子，其特征在于，所述相数的值S等于3。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的电机的定子，其特征在于，所述极数为8，P＝4。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的电机的定子，其特征在于，所述层数为4，N＝2。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的电机的定子，其特征在于，每根所述导线在缠绕路径上为完整的导线而不出现中间连接点。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的电机的定子，其特征在于，所述导线为扁线。
  11. 一种电机，包括定子，其特征在于，所述定子为根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的定子。
PCT/CN2020/140223 2020-12-28 2020-12-28 电机的定子和电机 WO2022140932A1 (zh)

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