WO2022135741A1

WO2022135741A1 - Modular system for producing a storage and transport element, use of a modular system, storage and transport element, and large load carrier

Info

Publication number: WO2022135741A1
Application number: PCT/EP2021/025511
Authority: WO
Inventors: Carl-Peter Schoene
Original assignee: Schoene Carl Peter
Priority date: 2020-12-22
Filing date: 2021-12-20
Publication date: 2022-06-30
Also published as: DE102020134735A1; EP4267476A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a modular system for producing a storage and transport element and to a storage and transport element, e.g. a pallet or a large load carrier. The modular system has a plurality of profiled bars, which can be connected by means of connection elements to form the storage and transport element, in particular to form a load carrier such as a pallet or a large load carrier. The profiled bars are designed as extruded profiles comprising in particular aluminium. At least some of the profiled bars are designed as base profiled bars, which have: a substantially rectangular cross-section; on a wide side, at least one substantially trapezoidal groove undercut in the cross-section in the longitudinal direction of the profiled bar for forming a load-bearing force-fitting connection of profiled bars; and, on a narrow side, a substantially rectangular screw channel undercut in the cross-section in the longitudinal direction of the profiled bar for forming a load-bearing form-fitting connection of profiled bars.

Description

Modular system for producing a storage and transport element, use of a modular system as well as storage and transport element and large load carrier

field of invention

The invention relates to the field of logistics. Specifically, it relates to a modular system for producing a storage and transport element, use of the modular system and a storage and transport element such as a load carrier and in particular a large load carrier.

State of the art

Storage and transport elements such as load carriers and transport containers are already known from the prior art. A load carrier is understood to mean means for combining goods into a loading unit. A distinction is made between load-bearing transport equipment (2D) and volume-encompassing transport equipment (3D). Volume-encompassing load carriers are also called transport containers. A load carrier is, for example, the supporting transport aid pallet. Another load carrier is, for example, the volume-encompassing transport aid Euro lattice box or EPAL lattice box. This represents a large load carrier.

Ideally, load carriers (both 2D and 3D) should combine various properties: They should be robust and durable, have a low weight and take up as little volume as possible. In addition, they should be easy to handle and, if possible, they should not bump into anything when moved, or if this is the case, no damage should result. In addition, it is desirable that load carriers can be produced economically so that they are competitive in standard business transactions. The environmental balance in the production and disposal of load carriers is also becoming increasingly important.

In addition to these extensive requirements, it is desirable that these components can be used globally, because the dimensions of transport aids are standardized differently in every region of the world. The most common standard dimensions in Europe are 80 cm x 120 cm (Euro pallet) and 100 cm x 120 cm. This results in the following requirement criteria for load carriers: robustness, durability, lightness, slimness, manageability, affordability, sustainability and flexibility or changeability. Existing load carriers and transport containers have so far only partially met these criteria, which means that they have not been fully met at all:

Wooden pallets, wooden boxes and wooden stacking frames etc. are relatively robust and can be produced with little effort. In addition, they are therefore inexpensive and are therefore often chosen as charge carriers in practice. However, they are not durable because the material is not weatherproof. The throughput cycles are correspondingly low. There are also problems when using it between different economic areas due to potential pest infestation. In addition, the wood-based variants cannot be used flexibly in terms of their dimensions.

Steel structures also exist. With these, however, one hardly finds the balance between robustness on the one hand and economical production on the other. Simple steel constructions are, for example, the standardized Euro lattice boxes. These are extremely robust, but not cheap at all and very heavy. If you use light steel constructions instead, they lack solidity and thus robustness. Special steels, on the other hand, are very demanding to process and therefore expensive. The flexibility or changeability of steel constructions is also not ideal.

There are also robust plastic containers. However, these are heavy and also complex and expensive to manufacture. Like all plastic products, they cannot be manufactured or disposed of sustainably. Robust plastic containers are also not ideal in terms of flexibility and changeability.

There are also containers made of foamed plastics. These usually contain welded metal parts or other types of plastic parts. They are very light but not durable and most importantly they are not sustainable. By mixing different materials, recovery or recycling is hardly economically possible. The containers made of foamed plastics also do not offer a final solution in terms of flexibility and changeability. There are also medium-heavy plastic containers that have properties comparable to wood. Some of these are modularly convertible, but since the focus is on the inexpensive production of these plastic containers, they are neither solid enough nor sustainable. There are also light metal load carriers such as welded aluminum pallets and also light metal transport containers such as aircraft trolleys. However, these are extremely complex to produce and correspondingly expensive. They are therefore only used in the area of special transport.

With this starting point, no comprehensive reusable system has been established for charge carriers. This in turn means that disposable products dominate the market. This includes more or less the existing Euro pallets with their short running times on average. In addition, the superstructures for load securing in particular are usually disposable products. Above all, these must be inexpensive to produce, while robustness and durability are not important. This leads to environmental pollution: Waste is created from thin plywood, cardboard, disposable plastic strapping and stretch film with which the load is secured on the pallets. The future disposal costs for these materials, on the other hand, usually play no role in the manufacture of load carriers. The fact is that the disposal costs are usually borne by the recipient of a load and not by the sender. Basically everything that is inexpensive is also used.

The fact that the existing load carriers are not modularly convertible also reinforces the one-way mentality. If used special containers are only rarely used, they must be stored somewhere in the meantime, fetched and transported back. This in turn is expensive and requires complex logistics.

An additional problem in the field of transport and logistics relates to sub-optimal transport utilization of semi-trailers when transporting large load carriers or specifically when transporting Euro lattice boxes: the dimensions of the Euro lattice box are standardized. Semi-trailers in Europe also have standard internal dimensions. With the existing dimensions of the Euro lattice boxes, the loading space of a semi-trailer cannot be used optimally - unlike when loading with Euro pallets. When transporting Euro lattice boxes, a standard loading space of a semi-trailer is often only about 2/3 full or can be loaded.

Examples of charge carriers made of different materials can be found in the following patent documents, for example: DE 10 2019 110 749 A1; DE 20 2019 101 546 U1; DE 195 02 533 A1 and DE 20 2008 008 166 U1. DE 37 19 301 A1 discloses a container which is designed to be loaded onto trucks. The container can be assembled using hollow profiles. At least on the two inward-facing sides, these hollow profiles have C-rails for accommodating wall or floor elements. ISO corners are provided at the corners. In principle, connection options via the C-rails are identical on the narrow sides and broad sides of the hollow profile.

The publications DE 10 2004 013 631 A1, DE 10 2008 006 439 A1, EP 0 435 480 A1, DE 20 2018 002 529 U1 and DE 40 11 252 A1 disclose various construction profiles without a specific reference to load carriers. The profiles shown in each case are not basic profile bars as defined according to the present patent application.

Description of the invention

It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide improved storage and transport elements and in particular improved load carriers which, if possible, meet all of the criteria specified above. In particular, the load carriers should be reusable and thus counteract the throw-away mentality. Another objective is to make load carriers more flexible and ideally completely changeable in their dimensions.

A further object is to provide improved large load carriers that can be optimally loaded onto a semi-trailer.

The object is solved by the subject matter of the independent patent claims.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention emerge from the dependent patent claims.

This patent application claims the priority of the German patent application with the application number 10 2020 134 735.9, filed on December 22, 2020, the content of which is fully included in the present patent application by reference.

The present invention was inspired by solutions from special machine construction. In special machine construction, the cumbersome construction of special machines was revolutionized by modular systems 40 years ago: Components that can be used once became products that can be used in a variety of ways: steel was replaced by aluminum, time-consuming welding by simply plugging and screwing. the Corrosion resistance of the semi-finished products used created longevity. The weight of the constructions was reduced as well as time-consuming conversions. In recent years, these modular systems have become more extensive and now cover many applications in special machine construction. The present invention transfers this basic idea from special machine construction to logistics and extends it. This is not a 1:1 transfer of the concepts, instead, according to the invention, targeted adjustments are made to modular systems known from special machine construction in order to make a modular system usable for use in the field of transport and logistics. The need for targeted adjustments is briefly explained below:

Using existing mechanical engineering profiles from special machine construction is out of the question for use in the area of transport and logistics: the mechanical engineering profiles are too wide, too heavy and also too angular. There are also protrusions (e.g. when using hinges) that make handling difficult. The mechanical engineering profiles have been designed with the aim of ensuring maximum stability with a high level of variability. These two criteria are optimally met when a right-angled profile can be connected to other profiles from all four sides in the same way. Accordingly, the basic pattern of all established mechanical engineering profiles is square.

There are fundamentally different requirements in the area of transport and logistics: for storage and transport elements, there is a requirement for stability in addition to the requirement that the profiles or profile bars should be as slim as possible. The basic pattern for a single profile should therefore be an elongated rectangle, as this is slimmer. It is true that suppliers of mechanical engineering modular system systems have slim special profiles, but these are either not designed as construction profiles and are therefore not load-bearing, or they are not compatible with the modular system systems mentioned above, or they are too heavy.

Accordingly, the invention provides a specially developed modular system for producing a storage and transport element according to a first aspect of the invention. The modular system for producing a storage and transport element has the following:

A plurality of profile bars which can be connected by means of connecting elements to form the storage and transport element, in particular to form a pallet or a large load carrier. The profile bars are extruded profiles can be produced or formed and in particular have aluminum. At least some of the profile bars are designed as basic profile bars, which have an essentially rectangular cross section, on one broad side at least one undercut groove that is essentially trapezoidal in cross section in the longitudinal direction of the profile bar to form a load-bearing non-positive connection of profile bars, and on a narrow side have an undercut screw channel, which is essentially rectangular in cross section, in the longitudinal direction of the profile bar to form a load-bearing non-positive connection of profile bars.

The invention makes it possible, in principle, to construct a storage and transport element such as a pallet or a large load carrier entirely from profiled bars. The individual profile bars are connected to one another using connecting elements such as plug and screw elements. The system is therefore completely modular. The term profile bar is used in the context of this patent application in the form used in the professional world. The term "profile" describes both the component itself and its respective cross-section, the profile. According to the invention, at least some of the profiled bars designed as basic profiled bars have an essentially rectangular cross section. This means an elongated rectangular cross-section and not a square cross-section. An elongated, rectangular cross-section makes it possible to select profiles that are slimmer and therefore more suitable for logistics. The dimension of the broad side of the rectangle is preferably at least five times or at least or approximately six times the dimension of the narrow side. A ratio of the dimensions of the broad side to the narrow side is 5.97, for example.

According to the invention, the profile bars can be produced or designed as extruded profiles. In principle, all metals are suitable for extrusion, but it is mainly used for aluminum and aluminum alloys, copper and copper alloys. Stainless steel can also be used. Furthermore, magnesium and titanium alloys, composite materials or solders can be extruded. The profile rods of the modular system according to the invention preferably have aluminum, so they can consist of aluminum or the aluminum can be in the form of an aluminum alloy.

The profiles and their cross sections are described in more detail below. The terms longitudinal direction, length, broad side and width as well as narrow side and height are used for this purpose. These are to be defined in advance in the following: The profile bar has the greatest extent in its longitudinal direction. Its longitudinal direction agrees with the direction of extrusion. The length of a profile bar is given in its longitudinal direction. The cross-section of a profile bar is described at right angles to the longitudinal direction. A rectangular cross section has a broad side and a narrow side. The narrow side is the narrower side compared to the broad side. Accordingly, the broad side has a certain width, while the narrow side has a certain height. The two broad sides of a profile bar can also be referred to as the top or bottom. The two narrow sides of a profile bar, on the other hand, can be referred to as the outside or as the left side and right side. The designations or definitions mentioned above are used throughout this patent application or are valid throughout.

According to the invention, at least some of the profiled bars designed as basic profiled bars have at least one undercut groove in the longitudinal direction of the profiled bar, which is essentially trapezoidal in cross-section, to form a load-bearing non-positive connection of profiled bars. Such a type of connection on the broad side of profiled bars is already known in principle from the field of special machine construction. It is also used in particular in the ITEM systems used there. In the ITEM system, sliding blocks are inserted into the undercut grooves, which are essentially trapezoidal in cross-section, in the longitudinal direction of a profile bar and are screwed together with screws. According to the invention, however, it is also possible for elements of a screw connection to be inserted into the trapezoidal groove instead of sliding blocks. This can be a screw with a cutting sleeve, for example. This is described in more detail later in this patent application.

The trapezoidal groove is essentially trapezoidal in cross section, which means that deviations from this ideal shape are also possible. For example, there may be additional void space within the grooves.

In contrast to the known elongated ITEM or ITEM-compatible systems from special machine construction, the basic profile bars according to the invention also enable a load-bearing or far more load-bearing force-fit connection of profile bars on the narrow side: For this purpose, the basic professional bars have an undercut on one narrow side in the cross-section essentially rectangular screw channel in the longitudinal direction of the profile bar to form a load-bearing non-positive connection of profile bars with each other. In this context, essentially rectangular means that the cross-sectional shape can deviate from an ideal rectangle (a genuine, elongated rectangle). The cavity within the profile bar, which forms the screw channel, can be made larger overall than those previously available on the market, in which a trapezoidal shape is always formed here. The term "screw channel" means that a part of a screw connection, such as a nut or a threaded plate, can be pushed into the screw channel. The element of the screw connection is formed in a form-fitting manner with the screw channel, that is to say it cannot fall out over the narrow side and also cannot rotate within the screw channel. It is a form closure. A screw is inserted into the screw channel through the existing opening of the screw channel at the opening on the narrow side.

It should be emphasized that the base profile bars with the correspondingly described cross-section can be used to create load-bearing non-positive connections of profile bars with the same load transfer quality with one another both on the broad side of the profile bars and on the narrow side of the profile bars. This is not possible with the known ITEM or ITEM compatible system. The adjustment was necessary in order to make the modular system according to the invention useful for logistics.

It is preferred that the base profile bars do not have any closed cavities. This facilitates the manufacture of the profiles. The trapezoidal groove and the rectangular screw channel are not closed cavities either. Instead, the load-bearing non-positive connection with other profile bars takes place through the respective opening.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, projections are provided on both sides of the opening of the undercut trapezoidal groove, which point into the base profile bar. In this way, the cross-section of the basic profile bars in the area of the groove is given an S or Z profile. The projections can be used to create full ITEM compatibility (for the well-known and proven sliding blocks). They then stabilize the profile and prevent it from falling out. The design of the protrusions combines the advantages of compatibility, stability and lightness/lower cost of extrusion as well as reduced material consumption.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a number of undercut trapezoidal grooves are provided in the longitudinal direction of the profile bar in a base profile bar, the opening directions of successive undercut trapezoidal grooves being provided in alternation. If you look at the profile along the broad side, the orientations of the undercut trapezoidal grooves provided there alternate. The respective opening points alternately upwards and downwards. As a result of this alternating provision, SZ profile sections are formed in alternation. That's what it's all about In principle, these are sloping double TT beams that ensure high stability of the profile bars. Two, three, four or more trapezoidal grooves can be provided in alternation in a basic profile bar. Exactly three trapezoidal grooves are preferably provided in alternation. The dimensions of these grooves can be exactly identical, their arrangement can be mirrored to each other. This configuration facilitates the corresponding production. However, it is also possible for the trapezoidal grooves to have different dimensions. It is possible, for example, that with a total of three alternately provided trapezoidal grooves, the middle groove is elongated. The groove widens overall and a trough is created in the base profile bar in the longitudinal direction of the profile bar. This trough can be used for different purposes, which are described in more detail below.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least some of the base profile bars have a rounded arcuate end section on one narrow side, with a section of the base profile bar adjoining the arcuate end section being designed in such a way that it has an inwardly tapering end section with the arcuate end section tapering slot forms for the form-fitting reception of a thin plate. By providing a rounded, arcuate end section, it is possible to round off the outer edges of storage and transport elements. This facilitates handling and avoids damage. For this purpose, for example, all of the base profile bars provided on an outer edge can be provided with a correspondingly rounded arcuate end section. The provision of the inwardly tapering slot for the form-fitting reception of a thin panel makes it possible for the profiles, together with panels inserted into them, to form a statically effective strong form-fitting in all directions. This enables the best possible load transfer in all directions - analogous to the timber frame construction of buildings. The thin plates mentioned are preferably made of aluminum composite plates, aluminum corrugated plates, polycarbonate, various plastic or aluminum honeycomb plates, but they can also be made of another material. However, it is not necessary for a plate to be inserted into the slot at all. For pallets, for example, this is superfluous. Nevertheless, it is a possibility and corresponds to the idea of changeability and flexibility, which was initially described as desirable. In any case, the rounded, arc-shaped end section is useful, as it makes handling easier.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the rounded arcuate end section extends essentially over the entire narrow side and essentially describes a quadrant in cross section. In this way, a gentle Rounding of the outer edge is possible and areas of the profile that are further inwards are protected. A radius of the quadrant is preferably about 10 to 11 millimeters, for example r=10.6 mm.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a disc receiving direction of the slit is in the same direction or in the opposite direction as the opening direction of a trapezoidal groove adjacent to the arcuate end portion. In other words, the plate-receiving direction of the slot can be oriented towards the top or towards the bottom of the profile. The panel receiving direction of the slot is orthogonal to the broad side of the profile or parallel to the narrow side or height of the profile. The variability of the plate receiving direction allows a great deal of design freedom when arranging the profile bars.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, at least some of the base profile rods have on a narrow side two inwardly tapering slots for the positive fitting of thin plates. One or two thin plates can then be clamped into the slots as desired. Similar to the well-known wooden frame construction in buildings, this also serves to ensure optimal load transfer in all directions. In this embodiment variant, the panel receiving direction of the two slots is preferably parallel to one another and the panel receiving direction is parallel to the top or bottom of the profiles. This also enables great flexibility in the construction of storage and transport elements. The two slots can accommodate panels of the same thickness, but it is also possible that they can accommodate panels of different thicknesses. Due to the narrowing of the slots towards the inside, there is a certain amount of leeway when it comes to accommodating plates of different thicknesses.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, at least some of the base profile bars have on one narrow side a hinge end section which is rounded on the outside and angled inwards and has a thickened center of rotation at its free end, with a first arcuate channel being formed partially around the center of rotation . The hinge end section thus forms a lateral termination of the profile on its narrow side. The rounding on the outside ensures a rounded outer edge and in turn for improved handling. The inwardly angled hinge end section can, together with other profiles, perform a hinge function which will be described in more detail below. The rotational movement of engaging profiles or fasteners then takes place around the center of rotation mentioned or by engaging in the first arcuate channel. Its width is designed to be constant over a certain area, so that a correspondingly shaped other element can be guided in a form-fitting manner in the arc-shaped channel during the rotational movement. The thickened center of rotation ensures a corresponding form fit with a connecting element. The provision of a hinge end section enables a hinge function or pivot function of the base profile bar to other elements of the storage and transport element. He thus contributes significantly to increasing the functionality of the modular system according to the invention.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first arcuate channel is designed to run around the center of rotation by at least 180°. Width of canal is constant over wide parts of this angle. The end of the channel forms a stop. The possibility of rotation per se is determined by the shape of the element that engages/rotates around the center of rotation. With a clever choice, rotations/pivotings of more than 180° in total can be achieved. This significantly expands the functionality of the modular system according to the invention. A handling of storage and transport elements is made much easier. This also includes the integration of openings or doors in the storage and transport element. Examples of this are described in more detail below.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one further basic profile bar of the modular system has a hinged end section on a narrow side with an elongated hook rounded at its tip, which can engage with a precise fit in the first arcuate channel and can rotate around the center of rotation. In such an embodiment variant, a direct connection of the basic profile bars in a pivotable manner is possible via the mutually corresponding hinge end sections of the two (generally different) basic profile bars. This significantly facilitates the integration of openings or doors in the storage and transport element. In particular, no separate hinge and no separate connecting element is necessary. With a direct interaction of the two hinge end sections, however, it is the case that a door can only be opened through an angle of 90°. The pivotal movement is limited on the one hand by the end of the arcuate channel in the form of a stop, on the other hand the movement is limited by the elongated portion of the hook on the second base profile bar. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least some of the profile bars or the base profile bars have functionally distinguishable sections, in particular exactly five functionally distinguishable sections, with each functionally distinguishable section being designed to perform at least one of the functions listed below:

Non-positive connection of the profile bar on its narrow side,

Non-positive connection of the profile bar on its broad side,

- rounding of the profile bar at one edge,

hinge function,

clamping function for a thin plate,

extension function

trough function.

A section for the non-positive connection of the profile bar on its narrow side is formed, for example, by the screw channel provided on the narrow side. Correspondingly, the section on the broad side, on which a trapezoidal groove is provided in the longitudinal direction of the profile bar, enables a load-bearing non-positive connection of the profile bar on its broad side. A rounding of the profile bar on a narrow side can be realized, for example, by means of the arcuate end section; the hinge end section described above is also rounded on the outside accordingly. The hinge function can be performed by the hinge end section or by a corresponding section. The clamping function can be performed by the tapered slots mentioned in several exemplary embodiments. One can speak of an elongation function when the profile is straight along its broad side and the otherwise provided sequence of cross-sectional pattern sections is interrupted, so to speak. The extension function can arise, for example, by stretching or lengthening the above-mentioned trapezoidal groove. At the same time, a trough function can also be seen here, which creates advantages for accommodating other functional means such as, for example, closure elements, telescopic rails, etc. By means of the modular system according to the invention for the production of a storage and transport element, a large number of functionalities can be realized by using a few profiles. It is possible that other functions may be performed in addition to the functions listed above. The above list is therefore not final.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, at least some of the profiled bars are ITEM-compatible, in particular compatible with the ITEM Nut 8 system. ITEM provides an extensive modular system for special machine construction. An analysis of the ITEM system has shown that the ITEM profiles also have a good geometry when the profiles are manufactured (material flow). In addition, the system is very widespread, which is why compatibility with the existing ITEM system can make a significant contribution to the changeability, ie to the versatility of the modular system according to the invention. ITEM distinguishes systems according to, for example, groove 5, groove 6, groove 8, groove 10, groove 12. The 8 mm groove is by far the most common and offers a proven compromise between solidity and compactness. The mentioned compatibility with the ITEM system relates to three factors:

Slot fit: Slot nuts, with the help of which profiles can be connected to one another according to the ITEM system, can be swiveled into the slot from the side and removed from the slot as well. A slot nut can therefore be placed right where it is needed. It is not necessary to slide it completely along the side within the groove. This is an essential aspect for a good changeability of the system. Accordingly, this aspect was adopted in the construction kit according to the invention.

Dimensional compatibility: There is compatibility with the 40 mm x 40 mm basic grid from ITEM. The external dimensions of the profile are therefore selected in increments of forty (40 mm x 40 mm, 40 mm x 80 mm, 40 mm x 120 mm, 40 mm x 160 mm, 80 mm x 160 mm, etc.). Solidity: ITEM compatibility advantageously also includes solidity, i.e. the safe transfer of those loads that users are used to from the system and therefore expect.

Despite the above-mentioned and defined compatibility with existing ITEM systems, the modular system according to the invention of this patent application differs from the ITEM system. On the one hand, this concerns the possibility of a non-positive connection on the narrow side, which according to ITEM is not possible in this size (NUT 8) in a load-bearing manner. But there are also differences with regard to the broad side: The profile bars according to the invention and in particular the basic profile bars have a lower weight and require less space than the ITEM systems, and production is also less complex. The lower profile thickness is achieved according to the invention by the fact that the groove mount is not 4.5 mm thick as with ITEM, but only 3.8 mm. With these configurations, an overall height of the profile of just 13.4 mm can be achieved. This corresponds to around 1/3 of the ITEM 40 mm grid. Compared to the ITEM system, the central bars that form the trapezoidal grooves are more inclined than in ITEM, the struts are wider and more pronounced flanges or nodes are provided, which enable better force dissipation than the ITEM groove plate profile 8 400x14. These measures ensure the compatibility of the The groove is preserved and the necessary solidity for transport use is achieved. Nevertheless, the profile according to the invention is lighter and also narrower and is therefore particularly well suited for use in transport and logistics. These differences are also illustrated in more detail in the figure part of the patent application.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least some of the profile bars have a width of approximately 80 mm and/or at least some of the profile bars have a maximum height of 13.4 mm. On the one hand, these dimensions are compatible with the ITEM system, on the other hand, the height of the profile bars is lower, which enables the modular system to be used in logistics.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least some of the profiled bars are designed as connecting profiled bars for rigidly or movably connecting two profiled bars to one another or for connecting a profiled bar to a thin plate. The connecting elements are here in the form of connecting profile bars. These are not standard components such as screws, grooves, etc. Instead, the connecting profile bars have essentially the same dimensions in the longitudinal direction as the profile bars and in particular the base profile bars. The provision of connecting profile rods allows the provision of a variety of functions that are necessary for successful use of the modular system in logistics.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, profiled connecting bars are provided according to at least one, in particular all, of the following types:

A type I connecting profile bar for connecting two profile bars at right angles to each other;

A type II connecting profile bar for connecting the narrow sides of profile bars to one another;

A type III connecting section bar for connecting a section bar to a thin plate; and

Type IV connecting profile bar for the flexible connection of two profile bars to each other.

The connecting profile bars are preferably designed in such a way that they each engage in a form-fitting manner in a section of the two profile bars to be connected to one another. In the case of the Type I connecting profile bar, two profile bars can be connected to one another at right angles, for example, in that the connecting profile bar engages in the trapezoidal groove in a form-fitting manner and in the screw channel on the narrow side of the other profile bar in a form-fitting manner. A connection profile bar from Type II can, for example, positively engage in the existing screw channels for connecting the narrow sides of profile bars. A Type III connecting profile bar can, for example, engage in a screw channel and at the same time offers a form-fitting connection option in the form of a slot for inserting thin panels. However, this profile bar of type III can also be designed differently. A type IV connecting profile bar can be designed, for example, as a double-hinged connecting profile bar.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a profiled connecting rod has at least one two-legged screw channel engagement section which is designed to positively engage in the screw channel through the opening of the screw channel. It is also possible for the profiled connecting rod to have exactly two two-legged screw channel engagement sections which are provided mirror-symmetrically to one another, with a mirror plane containing the longitudinal axis of the profiled connecting rod. Such a connecting profile bar is an example of a type II connecting profile bar.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a profiled connecting rod has a two-legged groove engagement section which is designed to positively engage in the trapezoidal groove through the opening of the trapezoidal groove. It is possible, for example, to combine this embodiment variant with the provision of a two-leg screw channel engagement section, as described above. Such a connecting profile bar then corresponds to a connecting profile bar of type I. However, it is also possible to provide a plate connecting section on the connecting profile bar with an inwardly tapering slot for receiving a thin plate. Such a connecting profile bar is then an example of a type III connecting profile bar.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, at least some of the profile bars have an arcuate hook placed approximately centrally on a narrow side and running in a circle around a center of rotation. These channels do not have to be a basic channel, but they can be. It is possible, for example, to design the profiled bars as a whole very short as follows. The profile bars preferably have a first projection on the narrow side on a first of the two outer edges in such a way that the first projection together with the arcuate hook placed approximately in the middle forms a second arcuate channel. Preferably, the profile bars also have a second projection on the narrow side of the second outer edge such that a rounded indentation is formed between the second projection and the arcuate hook, the rounded indentation and a wall of the second arcuate channel only being interrupted by the arcuate hook essentially form a sector of a circle. Profile bars designed in this way allow a combination or connection of the profile bar with a connecting profile bar for movably connecting profile bars to one another:

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a connecting profile bar for movably connecting two profile bars to one another has the following: a first connection section, which is arcuate at the end, for form-fitting engagement in a first arcuate channel of a hinge end section of the first profile bar, and a second connection section , which is designed with two legs, for positively receiving and enclosing an arcuate hook of the second profile bar on both sides.

To put it in a nutshell, this connecting profile bar allows a connection, for example, of a base profile bar with the hinge end section mentioned on one of its narrow sides with the special profile that has the arc-shaped hook in the middle on a narrow side. By means of the described connecting profile bar, a type IV connecting profile bar is realized by way of example. It can perform an extensive swivel function or hinge function. Nevertheless, this connection profile bar is very easy to produce by extrusion. No additional elements such as screws, pins, etc. are required for the hinge function. Instead, this element of the modular system can also be completely extruded. It is advantageous to provide the connected base profile bar with a hinge end cap so that the hinge formed does not drift apart or fall out.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first leg of the second connecting section is angled and contains the center of rotation at its free end, around which the arcuate hook of the second profile bar can rotate. The second leg of the second connecting section is arcuate and shaped in such a way that it slides in a form-fitting manner into the second arcuate channel of the second profile bar when it rotates. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the connecting profile bar for movably connecting two profile bars allows the two profile bars to be pivoted relative to one another by at least 180°, for example 185°, 190° or 200°. This is therefore significantly more than conventional pivoting, which is typically around 90° and in which an opening angle of 180° or more can only be realized by using thick, bulky and therefore impractical hinge profiles.

The pivoting/rotation by more than 180° has decisive advantages in the space-saving realization of flaps and doors in the area of logistics in the manufacture of storage and transport elements. In addition, the provision of a profiled connecting rod according to the invention allows an implementation without projections on which charge carriers could get caught when maneuvering. There is also no gap when closed and no additional space is taken up when closed. When fully open, the space required inside can be minimally reduced to around 1 mm.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the modular system also has the following standard connecting elements:

Sliding blocks for engaging in the trapezoidal groove on the broad side of profile bars;

Nuts for engaging in the rectangular screw channel on the narrow side of profile bars;

Threaded plates for engaging in the rectangular screw channel on the narrow side of profile bars;

Cutting sleeves for screwing into the trapezoidal groove on the broad side of profile bars; and or

Cylindrical screws for fitting through the cutting sleeves and for screwing into the nuts, threaded plates and/or sliding blocks.

These connecting elements are standard connecting elements that can be cleverly inserted into the modular system according to the invention. The slot nuts have already been discussed above in this patent application and they are also already known from the ITEM systems. As an alternative to the sliding blocks or adapted to the respective assembly situation, the cutting sleeves can also be screwed into the trapezoidal groove on the broad side of profile bars according to the invention. Cylinder screws inserted through these can then be screwed into the slot nuts as a counterpart. In this way, a non-positive connection of profile bars is also realized with each other at right angles. The dimensions of sliding blocks, nuts, threaded plates, cutting sleeves and Cylindrical screws are selected in such a way that compatible dimensions are achieved within the selected system. For example, a slot nut 8 for an 8 mm slot can be combined with an M6 screw and corresponding cutting sleeves and threaded plates.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the modular system has a corner connector for connecting profile rods as a special connecting element, the corner connector being rounded along its outer edge, the corner connector having a first sequence of corner connector projections with a substantially rectangular cross-section for precisely fitting insertion into the trapezoidal grooves on the broad side of a first profile bar, wherein the corner connector has a second sequence of corner connector projections, which are essentially rectangular in cross-section, at right angles to the first sequence of corner connector projections, for precisely fitting insertion into the trapezoidal grooves on the broad side of a second profile bar , and wherein the corner connector projections each have a bore or each have a plurality of bores for fastening the corner connector projections in the trapezoidal grooves, for example by means of grub screws. The first and second sequence of corner connector projections can include two, three, four or more corner connector projections. However, it is preferred that each of the sequences includes exactly three corner connector projections. Because the corner connector projections are precisely inserted into trapezoidal grooves, it is possible to place and remove the corner connector at any time. In addition, the corner connector is particularly well suited for use in logistics due to the rounding of its outer edge.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the modular system also has a dummy plug as a special closing element, the dummy plug being rounded along its outer edge, and the dummy plug having a sequence of dummy plug projections with a substantially rectangular cross-section for precisely fitting insertion into the trapezoidal grooves has on the broad side of a profile bar.

The blind plug can also be attached to a profile bar and removed again at any time. The rounding of its outer edge is advantageous for use in logistics.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the corner connector and/or the blind plug is rounded at its outer corner in the shape of an eighth of a sphere. So you not only get a rounding along an edge, but also an optimal rounding of a corner. This makes handling in logistics much easier.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the modular system also has thin panels. These panels can be, for example, aluminum composite panels, corrugated aluminum panels, polycarbonate, various plastic or aluminum honeycomb panels. Depending on the requirements of later use (e.g. in terms of durability, watertightness, look and feel), the panels can also be made of a different material (e.g. plywood, composite materials, plastics). The term thin plate is understood to mean a plate which has a diameter of approximately 3 to 5 mm. The thin panels can be inserted into the modular system in the manner already described above and, analogous to the timber-frame construction method in buildings, enable optimal load transfer in all directions.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the modular system also has telescopic rails, bolts, runners, rollers and/or slides. These elements are additional elements that are often commercially available and can be easily integrated into the modular system. Telescopic rails and bolts, for example, can be used in particular with profile bars with a trough function. Skids, rollers and/or slides can be provided below a load carrier such as a pallet or a large load carrier. The modular system can also be supplemented with additional elements.

According to a second aspect of the invention, this relates to the use of the modular system as described above in various embodiment variants for the production of a storage and transport element, in particular for the production of a load carrier. The load carrier can be a pallet or a large load carrier, for example. Other configurations are also possible. Existing modular systems such as that of the ITEM company have not yet been used for this purpose and were also not suitable for this. The modular system according to the invention is specially designed for the claimed use of producing a storage and transport element.

According to a further aspect of the invention, this relates to a storage and transport element, in particular a load carrier such as a pallet or a large load carrier, or by means of a modular system, such as described above in various embodiment variants with regard to the first aspect of the invention.

Accordingly, the invention also relates to a storage and transport element, which has the following: a plurality of profiled bars which can be connected by means of connecting elements to form the storage and transport element, in particular to form a load carrier such as a pallet or a large load carrier; wherein the profiled bars can be produced as extruded profiles and in particular comprise aluminum and wherein at least some of the profiled bars are designed as basic profiled bars which have an essentially rectangular cross-section, forming at least one undercut groove with an essentially trapezoidal cross-section in the longitudinal direction of the profiled bar on one broad side have a load-bearing non-positive connection of profile bars, and have on one narrow side an undercut screw channel with a substantially rectangular cross-section in the longitudinal direction of the profile bar to form a load-bearing non-positive connection of profile bars.

Thanks to the flexibility and changeability of the modular system according to the invention, which has already been described several times above, it is also possible to meet special requirements for the dimensioning of load carriers in the area of transport and logistics better than is the case with existing systems in the area of transport and logistics. For this purpose, some terms are first introduced and defined:

In the field of transport and logistics, load carriers are naturally subdivided into a three-stage system that is based on size, mass and the type of transport:

The smallest dimensions are so-called small load carriers. These are boxes that are dimensioned in such a way that people can still carry them without tools.

The middle dimension is made up of charge carriers. This can be load-bearing transport aids such as a pallet or volume-encompassing transport aids such as a Euro lattice box. These two-dimensional or three-dimensional load carriers are usually moved by industrial trucks, which are mostly equipped with short fork lengths (approx. 1200 mm). Industrial trucks can be both motorized and non-motorized (examples Ant or pallet truck are used for this). For the most part, industrial trucks do not move on public roads.

The third dimension is covered by specially designed large containers designed for motorized vehicles circulating on public roads. Examples of these large containers are the following in particular: ISO containers, articulated lorries, flatbeds with tarpaulins, box bodies.

In principle, the means of transport in each of the three dimensions are coordinated with one another in all regions of the world. The following is an example of the European market and the European dimensions:

A small load carrier in Europe is, for example, a so-called Euro box or Euro standard box. In general, a small load carrier (KLT) is a transport and storage box standardized by the VDA. The VDA standard provides for three size levels, with the base area having the nominal dimensions of 300 mm x 200 mm, 400 mm x 300 mm and 600 mm x 400 mm. The boxes can be stacked free-standing in several layers. By choosing the base areas and a specially designed floor, different sizes can be combined. The basic principle was also adopted in other branches of industry and trade, for example the Euro meat crate and bakery crate. There are various variants of small load carriers, for example with doors, flaps, collapsible nestable variants for economical empty transport, etc.

Examples of medium-sized load carriers are pallets, boxes and large load carriers. In general, a load carrier is used to combine goods into a loading unit. A load carrier normally has lateral recesses at the bottom so that industrial trucks can drive their forks into the bottom of the pallet or boxes in order to lift them. Load carriers are loaded onto trucks or containers for onward transport.

A two-dimensional load carrier is the carrying transport aid Euro pallet. It is the standard size in Europe: its width is 800 mm, its length is 1200 mm and its height is 144 mm. The Euro pallet is standardized by EPAL and approved as an exchange pallet in the European pallet pool. A load-bearing transport aid is therefore a rather flat structure of a certain size that is used for bundling, storage and transport of larger quantities of (stackable) goods or individual heavy items. An example of a three-dimensional load carrier is the volume-encompassing transport aid Euro lattice box, also known as the EPAL lattice box. The Euro lattice box is the only volume transport aid standardized by EPAL and approved as an exchange pallet in the European pallet pool.

The external dimensions of a Euro lattice box are: 835 mm wide, 1240 mm long, 970 mm high.

The internal dimensions of the Euro lattice box correspond to the dimensions of a Euro pallet, i.e. Euro pallets can be transported in Euro lattice boxes. The internal dimensions of the Euro lattice box are therefore: 800 mm wide, 1200 mm long, 800 mm high.

The empty weight of a Euro lattice box is approx. 70 kg, normally Euro lattice boxes cannot be nested or folded up, although such variants also exist in the prior art.

A Euro lattice box is an example of a volume-encompassing transport aid and in particular of a so-called large load carrier.

The third dimension is now about superstructures for the motorized transport of goods by road, rail and ship. In Europe, closed containers are state of the art. In road traffic these are, for example, flatbeds with tarpaulins, truck box bodies, ISO containers, swap bodies and semi-trailers. 75% of freight transport in Europe takes place on the road, of which more than 70% is accounted for by articulated lorries, i.e. more than 50% in total.

Semi-trailers have the following standard internal dimensions in Europe: length 13625 mm width 2480 mm height 2700 mm.

For smooth transport, the dimensions of load carriers are coordinated across dimensions: load carriers fit on a pallet and Pallets fit in the truck bodies. The problem with transport or a lack of coordination arises when Euro lattice boxes have to be transported in truck bodies: The Euro lattice boxes do not fit properly into the loading space width of standard trucks. This is particularly serious as the Euro lattice boxes are the only volume-encompassing transport aids standardized by EPAL.

When Euro lattice boxes are loaded lengthwise, their width does not fit into the 2480 mm wide semi-trailer. Theoretically, two Euro lattice boxes fit each other exactly when loaded sideways, but they would tilt during loading because there is not enough play in width.

There are also problems with the height of the Euro lattice boxes: Three standard Euro lattice boxes do not fit into the 2700 mm high semi-trailer.

As a result, standard loading spaces can often only be loaded two-thirds with Euro lattice boxes. This is inefficient, puts excessive strain on the roads and generates excessive CO2. There are also special trucks that are higher or wider; however, these are not reliably available in European standardized transport operations.

This problem is solved by a large load carrier according to the invention, which can be constructed using the modular system according to the invention.

Specifically, according to a fourth aspect, the invention thus relates to a large load carrier which has the following: a plurality of profiled bars which can be connected by means of connecting elements to form the large load carrier; wherein the profile bars can be produced or are designed as extruded profiles and in particular comprise aluminum, and wherein at least some of the profile bars are designed as basic profile bars which have an essentially rectangular cross section, on one broad side at least one undercut groove which is essentially trapezoidal in cross section in the longitudinal direction of the Profile bar to form a load-bearing non-positive connection of profile bars, and on one narrow side an undercut screw channel (3) with a substantially rectangular cross section in the longitudinal direction of the Profile bar (1) to form a load-bearing non-positive connection of profile bars (1).

Everything that has already been stated above in connection with the modular system or the first aspect of the invention applies to the large load carrier.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inner dimensions of the large load carrier are dimensioned in such a way that they are adapted to the outer dimensions of a Euro pallet. Furthermore, the outer dimensions of the large load carrier are adapted to the inner dimensions (cross-section) of a standard semi-trailer, both for lengthwise loading and for transverse loading in the standard semi-trailer. With the adjustment described, neither space is wasted nor the necessary play of a few millimeters, e.g. about 4mm, 5mm, 6mm or 7mm between the large load carriers

The other elements described in the context of the description of the first aspect of the invention, such as other profiled bars, connecting elements and other elements, can also be used to form the storage and transport element and the large load carrier. No further repetitions are made at this point; instead, explicit reference is made to the description of the first aspect of the invention.

It is generally possible to combine the aspects and features of the invention described above, provided this does not result in any technical contradictions. The invention will be better understood with reference to the attached figures. show:

1: shows a basic profile bar according to an embodiment of the invention in a cross-sectional view;

Fig. 2 shows an undercut, essentially trapezoidal groove in

Longitudinal direction of the profile bar in a cross-sectional view;

3: schematically illustrates the placement of connecting elements in the groove and in the screw channel of a base profile bar;

4: schematically illustrates the engagement of connecting elements in the groove and in the screw channel of a base profile bar;

Fig. 5 shows a screw channel of a base profile bar in a

cross-sectional view; 6: shows a detail of an end section for receiving two thin plates on the narrow side of a basic profile bar in a cross-sectional view;

7a, b: show as a detail a curved end section of a base profile bar in a cross-sectional representation;

8: shows a detail of a hinge end section of a base profile bar in a cross-sectional view;

Fig. 9: illustrates schematically the functional sections of the base profile bar according to

Figure 1;

10: shows a basic profile bar according to an embodiment of the invention in a cross-sectional view;

11: shows a basic profile bar according to an embodiment of the invention in a cross-sectional view;

12: shows a basic profile bar according to an embodiment of the invention in a cross-sectional view;

13: shows a basic profile bar according to an embodiment of the invention in a cross-sectional view;

14: shows a connecting profile bar for connecting two base profile bars on their narrow sides in a cross-sectional illustration;

15: shows a connecting profile bar for connecting two base profile bars at right angles in a cross-sectional illustration;

16: shows a cross-sectional view of a connecting profile bar for connecting a screw channel to a thin plate;

Fig. 17 shows a connecting profile bar in the form of a blind plate in a

cross-sectional view;

Fig. 18: shows a connecting profile bar with a trough function in a

cross-sectional view;

19: schematically illustrates connection options between base profile bars;

Fig. 20 shows a profile bar with a curved hook in a

cross-sectional view;

Fig. 21: shows a connecting profile bar for movably connecting two

Sectional bars in a cross-sectional view;

Fig. 22: illustrates the assembly of the profiles shown in Figs. 20 and 21 with a

basic profile bar;

Fig. 23: illustrates schematically in the form of a movement sequence

Hinge function of a hinge strap;

24: shows different views of a corner connector;

25: shows different views of a blind plug;

ADJUSTED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA/EP 26: schematically illustrates a right-angled connection of a base profile bar with a broad side of another base profile bar;

27: schematically illustrates a right-angled connection of a base profile bar with a narrow side of another base profile bar;

Fig. 28: Illustrates schematically the use of a corner connector and a

blanking plug;

Fig. 29: illustrates schematically the assembly of a corner of a

transport containers;

Fig. 30 shows different views of a pallet according to the invention with the

dimensions of a Euro pallet;

FIG. 31 shows a perspective representation of the Euro pallet from FIG. 30;

Fig. 32 shows schematically the assembly of a standard cube;

Fig. 33: shows schematically and in part the assembly of a

transport container with door element;

Fig. 34: shows schematically and in part the assembly of a

transport container with ceiling element;

Fig. 35 shows schematically the assembly of a transport container with

drawers;

Fig. 36 shows an example of a modular system with basic profile bars and

fasteners and other elements; and

Fig. 37: illustrates adaptations of a basic profile bar according to the invention compared with a profile bar from another technical field.

38 shows schematically the structure of a large load carrier;

FIG. 39: schematically shows the loading of large load carriers according to FIG. 38 into a semi-trailer truck with transverse loading;

FIG. 40: schematically shows the loading of large load carriers according to FIG. 38 into a semi-trailer truck with longitudinal loading;

FIG. 41: shows a further basic profile bar according to an embodiment of FIG

Invention in a cross-sectional view; and

Fig. 42: Schematically illustrates the loading problems of Euro lattice boxes in

articulated lorries.

FIG. 1 shows a basic profile bar 1 according to an embodiment of the invention in a cross-sectional illustration. Such a basic profile bar 1 is an essential part of the modular system 100 according to the invention for producing a storage and transport element. The base profile bar 1 shown is made of aluminum and is produced by extrusion. An aluminum alloy could also be used instead of aluminium be used. The cross section of the profile bar 1 shown is essentially rectangular: the profile bar 1 has a width b and a height h, the width b being greater than the height h. Profile 1 has no closed cavities, which makes extrusion easier.

On its broad side or on its broad sides, the basic profile bar 1 shown has three undercut grooves 2 with a substantially trapezoidal cross-section in the longitudinal direction of the profile bar 1 to form a non-positive connection of profile bars. In the example shown, the longitudinal direction of the profile bar 1 extends into the plane of the drawing. In the example shown, the opening directions of the openings 7 of successive undercut trapezoidal grooves 2 are alternately provided: two openings 7 are located on the underside 5 of the profile 1, the opening 7 of the groove 2 located in between is located on the top 4 of the profile 1. In the example shown, an undercut screw channel 3 with a substantially rectangular cross section is provided on both narrow sides of the base profile bar 1 in the longitudinal direction of the profile bar 1 to form a non-positive connection of profile bars. The openings 6 of the screw channels 3 are each located on the outside of the narrow sides of the profile 1 .

FIG. 5 shows a screw channel 3 of a basic profile bar 1 with further details in a cross-sectional view: the screw channel 3 is essentially rectangular or has an essentially rectangular cross section. The undercut prevents a body that has been introduced into the screw channel 3 in a form-fitting manner, such as a screw nut or a threaded plate, from falling out of the screw channel 3 through the opening 6 at the side. It is also prevented that a corresponding body could turn in the screw channel 3 . For a better form fit, a projection 14 is also provided in the area of the screw channel 3 , one leg of which serves as the rear contact side for bodies introduced into the screw channel 3 . Furthermore, the screw channel 3 is connected to an indentation 15 which results from the adjacent geometry of the trapezoidal groove 2 .

FIG. 2a shows further details of the undercut, essentially trapezoidal groove 2 in the longitudinal direction of the profile bar 1 in a cross-sectional representation. Sideways to the trapezoidal groove 2 each double T-beams are essentially formed. In the example shown, the central connecting piece in the double T-beams is at an angle and is denoted by the reference number 9 . In addition, projections 8 are provided on both sides of the opening 7 of the undercut trapezoidal groove 2 and point into the base profile bar 1 . Through this inward projections 8 is a total of an S-profile section is formed on the left-hand side in FIG. 2a of the groove 2, and a Z-section is formed on the right-hand side. Overall, this results in SZ profile sections or SZ profiles.

FIG. 2b illustrates the insertion of a sliding block 10 into the groove 2. This sliding block 10 could indeed be pushed into the groove 2 in a form-fitting manner along the longitudinal axis of the profile 1; However, the second possibility of insertion is more important, namely the swiveling of the sliding block 10 into the groove 2. This swiveling ability of the sliding blocks 10 into an undercut longitudinal groove 2 is a prerequisite for the system to be compatible with the known ITEM system from special machine construction. The pivoting possibilities of sliding blocks 10 also allow a change or an extension or conversion of the system after the basic assembly of profile bars 1. The pivotability of sliding blocks 10 thus creates maximum flexibility for the modular system 100 according to the invention. The opening 7 of the groove 2 is 8 mm, as in the ITEM system. However, the height h of the profile 1 is reduced compared to the ITEM system; it is only 13.4 mm in the example shown.

In addition, the inclination of the slopes 9 is more extreme compared to the ITEM system and there are larger thickenings at the node points 87 of the double T-beams, which lead to better load transfer/stability of the profiles of the modular system according to the invention. Nevertheless, the profile bar 1 according to the invention is more stable than existing ITEM profile bars with a similar profile geometry in some areas.

Figures 3 and 4 illustrate schematically the placement or engagement of connecting elements in the groove 2 and in the screw channel 3 of a base profile bar 1: T-nuts 10 are each associated with the trapezoidal grooves 2 and are pushed or pivoted into them. Screw nuts 11, on the other hand, are pushed into the screw channels 3, the pushing-in process takes place in the longitudinal direction of the profile 1, thus in the direction into the plane of the drawing in Figure 3. Screws 12 with cutting sleeves 13 are then used to form the connection: The cutting sleeves can be removed from the Sides are screwed into the essentially trapezoidal grooves of another profile bar and a screw 12 is inserted through the cutting sleeves 13. The screw 12 can then be screwed to the nut 11 or to the sliding block 10, which has a corresponding threaded bore. FIG. 6 shows a detail of an end section for receiving two thin plates on the narrow side of a basic profile bar 1 in a cross-sectional representation: on the end section

18 are each on the top 4 and on the bottom 5 of the profile bar 1 projections

19 and 21 respectively, with another projection 20 in between. This creates two inwardly tapering slots 16 and 17, respectively, in which a thin plate can be clamped. The plate is typically between 3 and 5mm thick.

The insertion of panels into the tapering slots 16 or 17 makes it possible to realize a load transfer in all directions, analogous to the known wooden frame construction method in buildings.

FIGS. 7a and 7b show a section of an arcuate end section 24 of a basic profile bar 1, each in a cross-sectional representation. The rounded, arcuate end section 24 is provided on the narrow side of the profile bar 1 . The arcuate rounding 22 has a radius of about 10 mm to 11 mm, in the example shown r=10.6 mm. Together with the arcuate end section 24, an adjoining section of the base profile bar 1 forms an inwardly tapering slot 23 for positively accommodating a thin plate. One side of the slot is defined by the arcuate rounding 22, the other side results from the shape of the adjoining trapezoidal groove 2. In the example shown, a projection 31 is also provided on the groove side to give the contact surface for a thin plate to be inserted a little more to extend the profile bar 1 into it. In the example shown, the rounded arcuate end section 24 extends essentially over the entire narrow side of the profile and in cross section it essentially describes a quadrant. The height h can thus be 13.4 mm, for example, as is generally the case in embodiments of the base profile bars 1 . According to Figure 7a, a plate receiving direction of the slot 23 points in the opposite direction to the opening direction of a trapezoidal groove 2 adjoining the arcuate end section 24. In Figure 7b it is the other way around: Here the plate receiving direction of the slot 23 is in the same direction as the opening direction of the adjoining trapezoidal groove 2 Both variants are advantageous for the modular system 100 according to the invention for producing a storage and transport element: The embodiment shown in Figure 7a has two grooves on the underside, which is advantageous for connecting rollers or runners. The embodiment shown in FIG. 7b is advantageous for forming a trough profile (cf. FIG. 18); for example, a base plate for a drawer can be easily integrated. FIG. 8 shows a detail of a hinge end section 26 of a base profile bar 1 in a cross-sectional view. The base profile bar 1 has on one narrow side a hinge end section 26 which is rounded on the outside and angled inwards and has a thickened center of rotation 27 at its free end, with a first curved channel 29 being formed partially around the center of rotation 27. The angled section 28 points towards the interior of the profile 1, while an arcuate rounding 22 is again provided towards the outside. The radius of the rounding 22 is preferably between 10 mm and 11 mm, for example 10.6 mm. A correspondingly designed counterpart of another profile bar can engage in the first arcuate channel 29 or rotate around the center of rotation 27 . For this purpose, the first arcuate channel 29 has a constant diameter d over long stretches; in the example shown, it is designed with a constant diameter d running around the center of rotation 27 by approximately 180°. Due to the trapezoidal groove 2 adjoining the hinge end section 26 , the overall impression of an anchor is created, the main axis of which is formed by the bevel 9 . The stop 30 at the end of the first arcuate channel 29 limits the rotational movement, and this is also limited by the stop on the bevel 9.

FIG. 9 schematically illustrates several functional sections A1 to A5 of the base profile bar 1 according to FIG. 1: Sections A1 and A5 ensure a non-positive connection of the profile bar 1 on its narrow side. The sections A2, A3 and A4 ensure a non-positive connection of the profile bar 1 on its broad side. Of course, other functionally distinguishable sections could also be provided. According to the invention, functionally distinguishable sections of profile bars and in particular of basic profile bars can be designed to perform at least one of the following functions: non-positive connection of the profile bar on its narrow side, non-positive connection of the profile bar on its broad side, rounding of the profile bar on an edge, hinge function, Clamping function for a thin plate, extension function, trough function.

Figures 10 to 13 show further profiled bars or basic profiled bars 1 with functionally distinguishable sections: The basic profiled bar 1 according to Figure 10 has an arcuate end section 24 at its left end, which has a rounding function and a clamping function for a thin plate . Moreover, three non-positive connections of the profile bar 1 are provided on its broad side and one non-positive connection of the profile bar on its narrow side. Also the in The base profile bar 1 shown in FIG. 11 has five functional sections, but compared to FIG. 10 the opening direction of the arcuate end section 24 is oriented differently.

The profile bar 1 shown in FIG. 12 again has an arcuate end section 24 at its left end or on the left on the narrow side of the profile 1 . On the other hand, at its right end or on the right narrow side, an end section 18 is provided with three projections 19, 20 and 21, which together form two inwardly tapering slots 16 and 17, each for receiving a thin plate. Thus, this portion has a thin plate clamping function.

Figure 13 has a hinge end section 26 at its left end on its narrow side and thus provides a hinge function.

It is of course possible, in particular, to modify the profiles shown in FIGS. 9 to 13 and to put together the functionally distinguishable sections shown there differently. However, it has been found that the possible combinations of functional sections shown are particularly well suited to a very functional and flexible modular system or a modular system for the production of a storage and transport element (for example in connection with the profiles according to FIGS. 14 to 17). to provide.

FIG. 14 shows a cross-sectional representation of a connecting profile bar 32 for connecting two base profile bars on their narrow sides. The connecting profile bar 32 can be produced or is produced by extrusion and essentially has the shape of a double tuning fork. In order to connect two basic profile bars, the connecting profile bar 32 is designed in such a way that it engages in a form-fitting manner in a first screw channel of a first profile bar by means of the projections 35 and engages in a form-fitting manner with its two projections 36 in the screw channel of another profile bar. The middle piece 37 extends through the openings 6 of the screw channels 3 . Ideally, the connecting profile bar 32 has the same length as the two profile bars or base profile bars 1 connected by it. The two projections 35 and 36 form two-legged screw channel engagement sections. The two screw channel engagement sections are provided mirror-symmetrical to one another, with a mirror plane containing the longitudinal axis of the connecting profile bar 32

FIG. 15 shows a cross-sectional representation of a connecting profile bar 33 for connecting two basic profile bars at right angles. To this end, the two Projections 38 are positively inserted or pushed into the screw channel 3 of a first profile bar 1 . The two projections 39, on the other hand, are pushed into the trapezoidal groove 2 in a form-fitting manner or engage behind it at the undercut. The two projections 39 form a two-legged groove engagement section. The middle piece 40 extends through the opening 7 of the groove 2 or through the opening 6 of the screw channel 3 . This connecting profiled bar 33 ideally has the same length as the two profiled bars to be connected to one another. It can in turn be made by extrusion and has aluminum.

FIG. 16 shows a cross-sectional representation of a connecting profile bar 34 for connecting a screw channel 3 to a thin plate. With the connecting profile bar 34 two profiles are not connected to each other, but there is a connection of a profile bar with a thin plate, which in turn can be connected to another profile bar. For this purpose, the connecting profile bar 34 has two projections 41 which engage behind a screw channel 3 . The middle piece 42 extends through the opening 6 of the screw channel 3 . Adjacent to the section bar thus connected, the connecting section bar 34 has two legs 43 and 44 which form an inwardly tapering slot 45 between them. The two legs 43 and 44 form a plate connection section with a tapered slot 45 for receiving a thin plate. The connection profile 34 thus has a clamping function and a clamped plate (not shown) is essentially aligned in such a way that it is oriented parallel to the broad side of the profile connected by means of the projections 41 . The connection profile 34 can in turn be produced by extrusion and can have aluminum. It preferably has the same length as a profile (not shown) connected to it.

FIG. 17 shows a cross-sectional representation of a profiled connecting rod 51 in the form of a dummy plate. The connecting profile bar 51 is positively connected to the narrow side of a base profile bar 1 via the projections 46 or 47, again by engaging in a screw channel 3. The section 48 forms a blind section, which essentially has an extension function, but no other function. This connecting profile bar 51 can also be produced by extrusion and it can have aluminum. Ideally, it has the same length as the profile bars 1 it connects.

FIG. 18 shows a cross-sectional representation of a connecting profile bar 52 with a trough function. The trough 49 is extended over the trained section 50 realized. This essentially results from the fact that a trapezoidal groove that is actually provided in the middle is pushed apart on both sides. The function of groove 2 is not retained as a result; instead, trough 49 is created.

FIG. 19 schematically illustrates various connection options between base profile bars 1. Different connection profile bars 32, 33 and 34 are used here. A connecting profile bar 51 as a blind plate is also installed as an example. It is also illustrated how thin plates 53 can be clamped in an end section 18 or in arcuate end sections 24.

FIG. 20 shows a profile bar 55 with a curved hook 54 in a cross-sectional view. The profile bar 55 can be part of a hinged belt and thus also serves to movably connect two profiles to one another. The arcuate hook 54 , which runs in a circle around a center of rotation 56 , is placed approximately in the middle on a narrow side of the profile bar 55 . The arc 57 is designed accordingly as a circular ring section, in the center of which the center of rotation 56 is arranged. In the example shown, the profile bar 55 has a first projection 58 on one of its narrow sides in such a way that the first projection 58 together with the arcuate hook 54 placed approximately in the middle forms a second arcuate channel 59 . Furthermore, a second projection 70 is provided on the narrow side of the second outer edge, so that a rounded indentation 62 is formed between the second projection 70 and the curved hook or its starting point 71 . The rounded indentation 62 and a wall 63 of the second arcuate channel 59 only interrupted by the arcuate hook 54 together essentially form a sector of a circle. In the example shown, the profile bar 55 has five functionally distinguishable sections: The screw channel 3 enables a load-bearing non-positive connection of the profile bar on its narrow side. By means of the three essentially trapezoidal grooves 2, a load-bearing non-positive connection of the profile bar is made possible on its broad side; In particular, these three sections could also be completely or partially omitted or functionally expanded to include further sections. A hinge function can be performed by means of the curved hook 54 or in combination with a further connecting element. In practice, it is often the case that hatches, flaps, doors, etc. have to be provided on one edge of the storage and transport element. The base profile bar 55 can then be attached as an extension or as a connecting piece to profile bars that form the actual door, flap, and hatch element. FIG. 21 shows a cross-sectional view of a connecting profiled bar 69 for movably connecting two profiled bars. The profile bar 69 is designed in such a way that it can movably connect the profile bar 55 (see FIG. 20) and a profile bar with a hinge end section 26 (see FIG. 8). The connecting profile bar 60 for movably connecting two profile bars has a first connecting section 64 and a second connecting section 65 . The first connecting section 64 has an arcuate end, specifically for form-fitting engagement in a first arcuate channel 29 of a profile 1 with a hinge end section 26. The second connecting section 65 has two legs, specifically for positively receiving and enclosing the arcuate hook 54 on both sides of the profile bar 55.

Figure 22 illustrates the assembly of the profiles 55 and 69 shown in Figures 20 and 21 with a base channel bar 1. The center of rotation 56 of the profile 69 is thickened and coincides with the center of rotation 56 within the arcuate hook 54. The second leg 67 moves into the second arcuate channel 59 upon rotation. The center of rotation 27 of the hinge end section 26 is identical to the center of rotation of the first connecting section 64 or its bend 68. In both cases, there is a positive engagement of the connecting profile bar 69 with the other two profile bars 55 or 1 and a longitudinal expansion of the profile bar 69 is ideally essentially identical to the longitudinal extension of the profiled bar 55 or 1. This profiled bar 69 can also be extruded and have aluminum.

FIG. 23 schematically illustrates the hinge function of a hinge strap in the form of a movement sequence. In the example shown, this hinge is composed of the profiles 55 and 59 of FIGS. In FIG. 23 a), the two profiles 55 and 1 are oriented at right angles to one another. They are connected via the connection profile 69 in the form already illustrated in FIG. In FIG. 23 b), the anti-clockwise rotation movement now begins, and the angle between the two profiles 1 and 55 increases accordingly. This movement continues in FIG. 23 c), the angle of rotation there is already greater than 90°. In FIG. 23d), the profiles 55 and 1 now form an angle of 270° to one another, that is to say the angle of rotation is approximately 180°. In this case, a top side 4 of the profile 60 is approximately planar with the top side 4 of the profile bar 1 . The connecting profiled bar 69 thus produces essentially no edge, which is very advantageous for applications in the field of logistics. In addition, a rotation of more than 180°, for example about 190° or about 200°, allows for a wide variety of possible applications. FIG. 41 schematically shows a further basic profile bar according to an embodiment of the invention in a cross-sectional illustration. Figure 41 d) shows the further basic profile bar 93 itself, and Figures 41 a), b) and c) show the interaction of the further basic profile bar 93 with another basic profile bar (profile bar with indexing (005) according to Figure 36). The basic profile bar 93 can in turn be subdivided into five functionally different sections. It has a hinge end section 96 on one of its narrow sides. The hinge end section 96 comprises an elongate hook which is rounded at its tip and which can engage in the first arcuate channel 29 of the other base profile bar 1 with a precise fit. In its hinge function, the hinge end portion 96 rotates about the center of rotation 27 . Unlike what is shown in FIG. 23, the hinge function in FIG. 41 is performed by two base profile bars 1 and 93, respectively. A separate connecting profile bar like the connecting profile bar 69 is not necessary. However, with the configuration shown in FIG. 41, a door with this profile can only be opened approximately 90°.

FIG. 24 shows different views of a corner connector 72. By means of the corner connector 72, different profiles or base profile rods 1 can be plugged together at right angles. For this purpose, the corner connector 72 has a first sequence of corner connector projections 73, which are essentially rectangular in cross-section, for precisely fitting insertion into trapezoidal grooves 2 on the broad side of a first profile bar. At right angles to the first sequence of corner connector projections 73, a second sequence of corner connector projections 74 with a substantially rectangular cross-section is provided for precisely fitting insertion into the trapezoidal grooves 2 on the broad side of a second profile bar. In the present case, both sequences include three corner connector projections 73 or 74. However, it would also be possible to provide only one or two or even more projections 73 or 74, provided that the profile bars to be connected have a corresponding number of grooves 2. The corner connector projections 73 and 74 each have a hole or a plurality of holes 75 for fastening the corner connector projections 73, 74 in the trapezoidal grooves 2 by means of grub screws. The paired provision of bores 75 and thus fastening means has proven to be particularly suitable. For better handling, the corner connector 72 is rounded along its outer edge, the rounding being denoted by the reference number 77. The corner connector 72 has a central body 82 on which the corner connector projections 73, 74 are formed. Corner connector 72 is preferably made of hardened zinc plated steel, but may be made of other materials that have high strength. For better handling, the corner connector 72 has an eighth-spherical surface on one side of the central body 82 in addition to the rounding 77, which extends along an outer edge. This corner is therefore rounded in two directions and this makes handling easier. The dimensions of the central body 82 are preferably 13.4 mm in the respective cross section and are thus adapted to the preferred dimensions of the base profile bars 1 .

FIG. 25 shows different views of a blind plug 80 as a special terminating element. The blind plug 80 also has a central body 82 . A sequence of blind plug projections 81 with a substantially rectangular cross section is provided on this central body 82 of the blind plug 80 for the purpose of accurately fitting insertion into trapezoidal grooves 2 on the broad side of a profile bar 1 . In addition, the blind plug 80 has two slots 78 for receiving a thin plate each. Its outer edge is rounded (reference number 77). In addition, an edge of the blind plug 82 is rounded in the form of an eighth spherical surface 79 to facilitate handling. The blind plug is preferably made of plastic, but can also be made of aluminum or steel.

FIG. 36 shows an example of a modular system 100 with basic profile bars and connecting elements and other elements. In addition to the components already described in more detail above, it includes standard connecting elements, which are used together with the specially designed profile bars, base profile bars and connecting profile bars to assemble storage and transport elements. The standard connecting elements include sliding blocks for engaging in the trapezoidal groove on the broad side of profile bars, nuts for engaging in the rectangular screw channel on the narrow side of profile bars, threaded plates for engaging in the rectangular screw channel on the narrow side of profile bars, cutting sleeves for screwing into the trapezoidal groove on the broad side of profile rods and/or cheese head screws for precisely fitting through the cutting sleeves and for screwing into the nuts, threaded plates and/or sliding blocks.

In the case of the modular system 100 shown as an example, it is noteworthy that a variety of loading and transport elements can be put together with only 12 profiles (001) to (012) and a few additional elements (013) to (020) and, if necessary, telescopic rails - it can be manufactured become: flat load carriers, containers that can be dismantled

hinges for doors

drawers, and/or

Grooves for attaching belts and similar load securing equipment. For some of these loading and transport elements, even significantly fewer profiles and fewer additional elements are required. Different subsets can also be selected from the set shown. However, it is also possible to supplement the modular system 100 or a subset of the modular system 100, for example with thin plates or with the further basic profile 93 shown in FIG. 41.

The modular system according to FIG. 36 is further illustrated in the following FIGS. 26 to 35. In particular, the assembly of individual elements for the production of storage and transport elements is shown as an example using a few examples. For a better understanding of the structure of the storage and transport elements, the elements of the modular system are indexed with numbers (001) to (020) in the overview of FIG. Reference is made to this notation in the following when it comes to the description of further components.

Figure 26 schematically illustrates a right-angled connection of a base profile bar with a broad side of another base profile bar 1. For this purpose, a commercially available item automatic connector (cutting sleeve cylinder screw combination 13, 12 and slot nut 8, 10) is used to connect to the profiles of the modular system according to the invention a proven right-angled profile connection made. For this purpose, the cutting sleeve 13 is screwed into the groove 2 (cf. FIG. 26a)) and a socket head screw 12 is pushed through the cutting sleeve 13 from above. Sliding blocks 10 are pushed into the opposite groove 2 (cf. FIG. 26 b)). By tightening the socket head screws 12, a force-locking heavy-duty connection is created, as shown in FIG. 26 c).

FIG. 27 schematically illustrates a right-angled connection of a base profile bar with a narrow side of another base profile bar. In principle, a load-bearing flat frame is produced here. The frame can be very flat and in particular have a height of only 13.4 mm. To produce the frame, the cutting sleeves 13 are screwed into the groove 2 of the left profile bar 1 and a cylinder screw 12 is pushed through from above. Either a threaded plate 83 with three bores 84 is inserted into the opposite screw channel 3 of the right-hand profile 1 or three nuts 11 are successively inserted into the screw channel. If this step is repeated with several profiles 1, any frame size is conceivable. In particular, a Euro pallet can also be realized in this way.

Figure 28 illustrates schematically the use of a corner connector 72 and alternatively a blind plug 80. It is thereby formed a rounded corner and if necessary three-dimensional structure. For this purpose, in the case of the blind plug 80, this is inserted with its blind plug projections 81 into the grooves 2 and clamps there automatically. If necessary, it can be loosened again with a screwdriver. It is therefore possible at any time to remove the blind plug 80 and replace it with a corner connector 72, for example. Then the corner connector projections 74 would be inserted into the grooves 2. The dummy plug 80 is suitable as a termination for the frame mentioned above, in order to produce a load carrier, in particular a pallet, for example. The universal corner, on the other hand, is suitable for the production of transport containers (three-dimensional structures).

Figure 29 illustrates schematically the assembly of a corner of a tote. The corner consists of the profile type (002), the corner connector (019), the standard fasteners (014) and (016) and the cladding or thin plate 53. Contrary to mechanical engineering design principles, the loads in the here present invention not exclusively derived from the struts / profiles. The cladding, here in the form of the thin plate 53, also assumes a stiffening function. This is known in principle from timber frame construction. The following forces act together: the double T-beam geometry of the profile middle parts (Figure 1), the strong form fit in all directions due to the clamping of the cladding or the thin plate 53, and the reinforcement of the critical corner points by the corner connector 72

As a result, tensile and compressive loads are transferred to the entire structure, resulting in a high load-bearing capacity, despite the low profile thickness of only 13.4 mm in the example shown, which is comparable to the much thicker Item system.

FIGS. 30 and 31 show different views of a pallet 83 according to the invention with the dimensions of a Euro pallet, ie 120×80 cm. It is an extremely slim support plate (frame) whose corners are closed either with the blind plug (018) or with the corner connector (019). In the example shown, the palette includes the profiles (002), (001) and (010). The connectors (014) and (016) are used as standard connecting elements.

The production of a Euro pallet 83 with the modular system 100 according to the invention has the following advantages:

The support plate or disk has a very low height of only 13.4 mm in the example shown. Skids only need to be 46.6 mm high, so that all common forklifts with their forks underneath fit. This results in an overall height of the pallet of only 60 mm. For comparison: the height of a conventional Euro pallet is 144 mm. It is obvious that a significantly higher charge yield can be achieved using the pallet produced according to the invention as a charge carrier. When returning empty pallets, more than 50% of space is saved during transport.

The Palette 83 has a smooth and solid bottom surface, so it cannot be battered by clumsy forklift drivers. It is therefore more durable and also more sustainable than conventional pallets.

In addition, the Palette 83, which is manufactured using the modular system, has enormous stability, which also contributes to longevity and sustainability.

The pallet 83 of the present invention is easy to repair without the need for special tools. Instead, only a conventional Allen key is required.

Even if a plug-in cap is provided, side walls can be inserted at the bottom, which makes load securing easier (example: thin packaging plywood).

Fasteners for load securing can be quickly integrated into the grooves 2: This can be done, for example, by inserting sliding blocks into which an eyebolt is screwed, for example, into which a lashing strap is hooked.

Under the pallet 83 according to the invention, various runners, rollers, slides 84 can be built under and, if necessary, also quickly exchanged.

With the pallet according to the invention, blind plugs and corner connectors can be changed at any time. In this way, a flat pallet with a plug-in cap quickly becomes a transport container, because the pallet can be quickly and easily fitted with various structures in accordance with the exemplary embodiments that follow.

Empty pallets can be stacked: Projections and depressions can be attached to the runners in such a way that they fit into the existing grooves of the SZ profiles when stacked (stacking aid). This means that stacking is possible without loss of volume, even when the universal corner or corner connector is used.

Figure 32 schematically shows the assembly of a standard cube 85. The variant shown can be realized with the profiles (002) and (004), the corner connector (019) and the standard connectors (014) and (016). The standard Kubus 85 can be quickly connected and disconnected with an Allen key.

The faces of the cube 85 can be closed with e.g. cladding panels (e.g. made of an aluminum composite material). The whole construction can be assembled and reassembled in less than a minute with a single tool to be taken apart. In addition, the Standard-Kuben 85 can also be stacked to save space (“nest building”) in the event of a return transport in an empty state, with enormous volume savings.

In addition, feet with rollers or runners can be quickly installed at the bottom. The area above or below can easily be supplemented with additional profiles (009). The standard cube

Alternatively, 85 can also be created with just one profile (003) and thus equipped with panels all around.

FIG. 33 shows, schematically and in part, the assembly of a transport container with a door element. FIG. 33 shows a top view without a ceiling element, while FIG. 34 shows the ceiling element. Locking elements 86 can also be placed in the area of troughs. The bolts are used to lock the doors

86 pushed up or down into the existing trough 40. The trough also serves as a recessed grip for opening the doors. The locking mechanism of the doors has already been described above (hinge function).

FIG. 34 also illustrates a hinge end cap 90 in detailed view b, which serves to ensure that the hinge formed from different profile bars does not drift apart or fall out.

The following profiles are required to assemble the transport container:

(001), (002), (005), (006), (007), (008) and (009). Other configurations for realizing a transport container with a door are also possible.

In a similar way, further transport containers such as transport containers with drawers and/or roll containers can be implemented using the modular system according to the invention. Cantilever arms for heavy accessories can also be constructed.

35 schematically shows the assembly of a transport container with drawers. The figure above shows a closed drawer without a front panel. The lower drawer is half open and is shown with the front panel in the main drawing. The front panel is missing in the detail circle a. The trough of a profile bar is used here to accommodate commercially available telescopic rails on the side. The following profiles are required in this example: (001), (002), (008) and (009). FIG. 37 illustrates adaptations of a basic profile bar 1 according to the invention compared with a profile bar from another technical field, shown here using the known ITEM system as an example. FIG. 37 a) shows a base profile bar 1 according to the invention. FIG. 37 b) shows a conventional Item groove plate profile 8 400x14. Unlike the profile 1 according to the invention, the Item groove plate profile 8 400x14 is not suitable for applications in the area of transport and logistics, as it does not offer any load-bearing force-fit connections (no screw channel 3), is too heavy with a length of 400 mm and exceeds the budget. A lower profile height h is achieved with the disclosed profile 1 in that the groove mount 2 is not 4.5 mm thick as in Item, but only 3.8 mm. With these configurations, an overall thickness of the profile of just 13.4 mm can be achieved. This corresponds to around one third of the ltem 40 mm grid.

The middle bars 9 have a greater incline than the middle bars 9 of the item profile. The back webs 86 are made wider in the invention than in Item and the nodes 87 are also more pronounced. Taken together, this enables better force dissipation than with the Item groove plate profile 8 400x14. Nevertheless, with the profile 1 according to the invention, the compatibility with the item nut is retained and the necessary solidity for transport use is achieved.

Figure 42 schematically illustrates the loading problems of Euro lattice boxes in articulated lorries. In Figure 42, reference numeral 92 designates an EU-compliant semi-trailer section. Semi-trailers have the following standard internal dimensions in Europe: length 13625 mm, width 2480 mm and height 2700 mm.

Euro pallets can be transported precisely in the standardized semi-trailers, both lengthwise and crosswise. For example, three pallets, each 800 mm wide (total 2400 mm) fit in a 2480 mm wide loading space. Alternatively, two pallets, each 1200 mm wide (again a total of 2400 mm wide) fit in a 2480 mm wide loading space. When it comes to fitting accuracy, there is a little play or small gaps that are necessary so that the load carriers can be easily maneuvered into the truck holds and do not tilt during loading and unloading.

Euro pallets now fit into Euro lattice boxes, the Euro lattice boxes therefore have slightly different external dimensions than the Euro pallets. They therefore do not fit optimally into the standardized semi-trailers, neither when loaded lengthwise nor when loaded crosswise: In FIG. 42, the Euro lattice boxes are denoted by the reference number 97. When loaded lengthways (Figure 42a), three Euro pallet cages of 835 mm each result in a total width of 2505 mm. This is more than the total width of 2480 mm available for standard semi-trailers. Three Euro lattice boxes do not fit into the standard semi-trailer when loaded lengthways.

Theoretically, transverse loading results in a total length of 2 x 1240 mm and thus a total of 2480 mm. This corresponds exactly to the millimeter the width of a standard semi-trailer. The necessary small space between the Euro lattice boxes is therefore missing, and during the loading process the Euro lattice boxes inevitably jam together.

There is also a problem when Euro lattice boxes are stacked on top of one another, as becomes clear when looking at FIG. 42C): The total height of three Euro lattice boxes stacked on top of one another is 3 x 970 mm each and thus a total of 2910 mm. However, a standard semi-trailer is only 2700 mm high.

As a result, Euro lattice boxes 97 in semi-trailers with standard internal dimensions or cross-sections 92 can often only be loaded two-thirds. This is inefficient, puts excessive strain on the roads and generates excessive CO2.

According to the invention, however, it is now the case that with the modular system according to the invention, a large load carrier can be produced that solves the problem discussed of the suboptimal use of space in standard articulated lorries: It is namely possible to produce a large load carrier 91 whose inner dimensions correspond to the outer dimensions of a Euro pallet are adapted, and whose outer dimensions are adapted to the inner dimensions of a standard articulated truck 92, both with longitudinal loading and with transverse loading.

FIG. 38 schematically shows the structure of a large load carrier 91 according to the invention, which meets the requirements just mentioned: FIG. 38A shows a view of the large load carrier 91 from the longitudinal side (shown without a door). FIG. 38B shows a section through the transverse side (with a hinged door whose construction principle corresponds to the principle in FIG. 34). The large load carrier 91 shown in Figure 38 can be realized, for example, with the profiles (001), (002) and (004) as well as the corner connector (019) and the standard connectors (014) and (016), as shown in the overview in figure 36 are shown. The design principle corresponds to the standard cube 85 shown in Figure 32.

The large load carrier 91 has the following internal dimensions:

1204.2mm in length

801.6mm in width

802.2mm in height.

This means that the large load carrier 91 is optimized for accommodating the transport and storage boxes (small load containers, KLT) that are established on the European market and standardized by the VDA, in which the base area has the nominal dimensions of 300 mm x 200 mm, 400 mm x 300 mm and 600 mm x 400 mm having. The combination of these small load carriers or KLT containers results in the European standard dimensions of 800 mm x 1200 mm for load units; this is the basic Euro pallet size.

The KLT containers as well as various replicas with the same basic dimensions can be stacked free-standing in several layers in the large load carrier 91. Due to the oversize of the large load carrier 91, the KLT containers can be pushed in and removed without friction and without tilting. In turn, this property, together with the existing doors, means that the standard transport chains can now be interrupted in order to supplement loading units with additional KLT containers. Small-scale take-away logistics are possible.

The large load carrier 91 has the following external dimensions:

1231.0 mm in length

820.0mm in width

889.0mm in height.

This means that the large load carriers 91 fit both lengthwise and crosswise in the loading space width of the European standard articulated lorries 92.

FIG. 39 schematically shows a loading of large load carriers 91 according to FIG. 38 in a semi-trailer truck with transverse loading and FIG. 40 schematically shows a loading of large load carriers 91 according to FIG. 38 in a semi-trailer truck 92 with longitudinal loading.

The corresponding dimensions of the EU-compliant articulated lorry cross section 92 and of the large load carrier 91 according to the invention are shown in FIGS. 39 and 40. The overall standard inside dimension of the semi-trailer cross-section 92 is: 2480 mm in width and

2700mm in height.

The large load carrier 91 fits perfectly into this standard cross-section of European articulated lorries 92:

Two large load carriers 91 can be arranged side by side and three large load carriers can be arranged one above the other with a lateral spacing of 6 mm for transverse loading.

Three large load carriers 91 can be arranged side by side and three large load carriers 91 can also be arranged one above the other with a lateral distance of 5 mm for longitudinal loading.

Due to the manufacturing precision of the modular system 100 as well as the freedom from projections and the rounded outer corners of the large load carrier 91, the distance of 5 mm or 6 mm between the large load carriers 91 is sufficient when loading a semitrailer to prevent tilting during loading and unloading.

The described fit of large load carriers 91 both to the next higher and to the next smaller standard (transition to the smallest dimension and to the largest dimension) can only be achieved through the uniquely large reduction in the cross sections of the modular system 100. These innovations make it possible for the first time to optimally load articulated lorries with a reusable large load carrier system without using disposable products. In the application example of the large load carrier 91, the completely opening doors also open up new possibilities in take-away logistics.

It is pointed out that the illustrated exemplary embodiments are not to be interpreted as restricting the invention. Instead, these are only exemplary examples that can be modified and/or supplemented.

Reference List

1 . basic profile bar

2. Trapezoidal groove

3. screw channel

4. Top of a profile bar

5. Underside of a profile bar

6. Opening of the screw channel 1. Blind plug projections 2. Central body 3. Pallet 4. Slider 5. Standard cube 6. Spine 7. Node 8. Threaded plate 9. Bore 0. Hinge end cap 1. Large load carrier according to the invention2. EU compliant articulated lorry cross-section3. Basic profile bar with hinge function4. Skid 5. Door 6. Hinge end section 7. Eurogitterbox 00 modular system b Profile width h Profile height r Radius d Diameter of arcuate channel

A1 section

A2 section

A3 section

A4 section

A5 section

Claims

48 patent claims

1. Modular system (100) for producing a storage and transport element (83, 85, 91), the modular system (100) having the following: a plurality of profile bars (1) which are connected by means of connecting elements to form the storage and transport element, in particular can be connected to form a pallet (83) or a large load carrier (85, 91); wherein the profile bars (1) can be produced or are designed as extruded profiles and in particular comprise aluminum, and wherein at least some of the profile bars (1) are designed as base profile bars (1) which have an elongated, essentially rectangular cross section, at least one on one broad side have an undercut groove (2) with a substantially trapezoidal cross section in the longitudinal direction of the profile bar (1) to form a load-bearing, non-positive connection of profile bars, and on one narrow side an undercut screw channel (3) with a substantially rectangular cross section in the longitudinal direction of the profile bar (1) for Have formation of a load-bearing non-positive connection of profile bars.

2. Modular system (100) according to claim 1, wherein projections (8) are provided on both sides of the opening (7) of the undercut trapezoidal groove (2), which point into the base profile bar (1).

3. Modular system (100) according to the preceding claim, wherein in a basic profile bar (1) several undercut trapezoidal grooves (2) are provided in the longitudinal direction of the profile bar (1), and wherein the opening directions of successive undercut trapezoidal grooves (2) are provided alternately.

4. The modular system (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least some of the base profile bars (1) have a rounded arcuate end section (24) on a narrow side, with a section of the base profile bar (1) adjoining the arcuate end section being so is formed that he with the arcuate end portion (24). 49 inwardly tapering slot (23) for positively receiving a thin plate (53).

5. The modular system (100) according to the preceding claim, wherein the rounded arcuate end section (24) extends essentially over the entire narrow side and essentially describes a quadrant in cross section.

The modular system (100) according to any one of claims 4 to 5, wherein a plate receiving direction of the slit (23) is in the same direction or in the opposite direction as the opening direction of a trapezoidal groove (2) adjacent to the arcuate end portion (24).

7. Modular system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least some of the basic profile bars (1) have on a narrow side two inwardly tapering slots (16, 17) for the positive accommodation of thin plates (53).

8. The modular system (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least some of the basic profile bars (1) have on one narrow side a hinge end section (26) that is rounded on the outside and angled inwards and has a thickened center of rotation (27) at its free end , wherein around the center of rotation (27) around a first arcuate channel (29) is formed partially circumferentially.

9. The modular system (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first arcuate channel (29) is designed to run around the center of rotation (27) by at least 180°.

10. The modular system (100) according to any one of claims 8 to 9, wherein at least one further basic profile bar (93) has a hinge end section (96) on a narrow side with an elongated hook rounded at its tip, which fits exactly into the first arcuate channel (29) and can rotate around the center of rotation (27).

11. modular system (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, 50 wherein at least some of the profile bars (1) or the base profile bars (1) have functionally distinguishable sections (A1, A2, A3, A4, A5), in particular exactly five functionally distinguishable sections, and each functionally distinguishable section (A1, A2, A3, A4, A5) is designed to perform at least one of the functions listed below: non-positive connection of the profile bar on its narrow side, non-positive connection of the profile bar on its broad side,

- Rounding of the profile bar at an edge, hinge function, clamping function for a thin panel, extension function, trough function.

12. The modular system (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least some of the profiled bars (1) are ITEM-compatible, in particular compatible with the ITEM Nut 8 system.

13. Modular system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least some of the profile bars (1) have a width (b) of about 80 mm, and/or wherein at least some of the profile bars (1) have a maximum height (h) of 13, have 4mm.

14. The modular system (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least some of the profile bars (1) as connecting profile bars (32, 33, 34, 51, 55, 69) for rigidly or movably connecting two profile bars to one another or for connecting a profile bar (1) are formed with a thin plate (53).

15. Modular system (100) according to the preceding claim, wherein connecting profile bars (32, 33, 34, 51, 55, 69) are provided according to at least one, in particular according to all, of the following types:

- a type 1 connecting profile bar for connecting two profile bars at right angles to one another;

- a connecting profile bar of type 2 for connecting the narrow sides of profile bars to one another;

- a type 3 connecting section bar for connecting a section bar to a thin plate; and 51

- A type 4 connecting profile bar for the flexible connection of two profile bars to one another.

16. Modular system (100) according to one of claims 14 to 15, wherein a connecting profile bar (32, 33, 34, 51) has at least one two-legged screw channel engagement section (35, 36, 38, 41, 46, 47) which is formed in order to positively engage through the opening of the screw channel (3) into the screw channel (3).

17. Modular system according to the preceding claim, wherein the connecting profile bar (32, 51) has exactly two two-leg screw channel engagement sections (35, 36, 46, 47), which are provided mirror-symmetrically to one another, and wherein a mirror plane contains the longitudinal axis of the connecting profile bar ( 32, 51).

18. Modular system (100) according to claim 16, wherein the connecting profile bar has a two-legged groove engagement section (39) which is designed to positively engage through the opening of the trapezoidal groove (2) into the trapezoidal groove (2).

19. Modular system (100) according to claim 16, wherein the connecting profile bar has a plate connecting section (43, 44) with an inwardly tapering slot (45) for receiving a thin plate (53).

20. The modular system (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least some of the profile bars (55) have an arcuate hook (54) placed on a narrow side approximately centrally on the narrow side and running in a circle around a rotation center (56).

21. The modular system (100) according to the preceding claim, wherein the profile bars (55) also have a first projection (58) on the narrow side on a first of the two outer edges (60) such that the first projection (58) together with the forms a second arcuate channel (59) in approximately centrally placed arcuate hooks (54).

22. modular system (100) according to the preceding claim, wherein the profile bars (55) also have a second projection (70) on the narrow side of the second outer edge (61) in such a way that a rounded indentation (62) is formed between the second projection (70) and the arcuate hook (54), wherein the rounded indentation (62) and a wall (63) of the second arcuate channel (59) only interrupted by the arcuate hook (54) together essentially form a sector of a circle.

23. The modular system (100) according to any one of claims 20 to 22, wherein a connecting profile bar (69) for movably connecting two profile bars to one another has the following: a first connecting section (64), which is arcuate at the end, for form-fitting engagement in a first arcuate channel (29) of a hinge end section (26) of the first profile bar (1), and a second connecting section (65), which is designed with two legs, for positively receiving and enclosing an arcuate hook (54) on both sides of the second profile bar.

24. The modular system (100) according to the preceding claim, wherein the first leg (66) of the second connecting section (65) is angled and contains the center of rotation (56) at its free end, around which the arcuate hook (54) of the second Profile bar (55) can rotate, and wherein the second leg (67) of the second connecting section is arcuate (68) and is shaped in such a way that it slides positively into the second arcuate channel (29) of the second profile bar (1) during rotation.

25. Modular system (100) according to one of claims 15, 23 and/or 24, wherein by means of the connecting profile bar for movably connecting two profile bars pivoting of the two profile bars relative to one another by at least 180° is made possible.

26. Modular system (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, which also has the following standard connecting elements:

- Sliding blocks (10) for engaging in the trapezoidal groove (2) on the broad side of profile bars (1);

- Nuts (11) for engaging in the rectangular screw channel (3) on the narrow side of profile bars (1); - Threaded plates (88) for engaging in the rectangular screw channel (3) on the narrow side of profile bars (1);

- Cutting sleeves (13) for screwing into the trapezoidal groove (2) on the broad side of profile bars (1); and or

- Cylindrical screws (12) for fitting through the cutting sleeves (13) and for screwing into the nuts (11), threaded plates (89) and/or sliding blocks (10).

27. Modular system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, which also has a corner connector (72) as a special connecting element for connecting profile bars (1), the corner connector (72) being rounded along its outer edge (77), the Corner connector (72) has a first sequence of corner connector projections (73), which are essentially rectangular in cross section, for precisely fitting insertion into the trapezoidal grooves (2) on the broad side of a first profile bar (1), the corner connector (72) being at right angles to the first sequence of corner connector projections (73) has a second sequence of corner connector projections (74) with a substantially rectangular cross section for precisely fitting insertion into the trapezoidal grooves (2) on the broad side of a second profile bar (1), and the corner connectors -Protrusions (73, 74) each having a bore (75, 76) or a plurality of bores (75, 76) for fastening the corner connector projections (73, 74) in the tra have pez-shaped grooves (2).

28. The modular system (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, which also has a blind plug (80) as a special closing element, the blind plug (80) being rounded along its outer edge (77), and the blind plug (80) having a sequence of dummy plug projections (81) with a substantially rectangular cross-section for the precise insertion into the trapezoidal grooves (2) on the broad side of a profile bar (1).

29. Modular system (100) according to any one of claims 27 to 28, wherein the corner connector (72) and / or the blind plug (80) is rounded at its outer corner (79) in the form of an eighth of a sphere.

30. Modular system (100) according to any one of claims 27 to 29, wherein the corner connector (72) and / or the blind plug (80) have one or more slots for receiving a thin plate (53). 54

31. A modular system (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising thin plates (53).

32. Modular system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, which further comprises telescopic rails, bolts, runners, rollers and/or slides (84).

33. Use of the modular system (100) according to one of claims 1 to 32 for producing a storage and transport element (83, 85, 91), in particular for producing a load carrier (83) such as a pallet (83) or a large load carrier (91 ).

34. Storage and transport element (83), in particular a load carrier such as a pallet (83) or a large load carrier (85, 91), which is produced by means of a modular system (100) according to one of claims 1 to 32.

35. Storage and transport element (83, 85, 91), which has the following: a plurality of profile bars (1), which are connected by means of connecting elements to form the storage and transport element (83, 91), in particular to form a load carrier such as a Pallet (83) or a large load carrier (85, 91) can be connected; wherein the profile bars (1) can be produced or are designed as extruded profiles and in particular comprise aluminum, and wherein at least some of the profile bars (1) are designed as base profile bars (1) which have an elongated, essentially rectangular cross section, at least one on one broad side have an undercut groove (2) with a substantially trapezoidal cross section in the longitudinal direction of the profile bar (1) to form a load-bearing, non-positive connection of profile bars (1), and on one narrow side an undercut screw channel (3) with a substantially rectangular cross section in the longitudinal direction of the profile bar ( 1) for the formation of a load-bearing non-positive connection of profile bars (1).

36. Large load carrier (85, 91) comprising: 55 a plurality of profiled bars (1) which can be connected by means of connecting elements to form the large load carrier (85, 91); wherein the profiled bars (1) can be produced or are designed as extruded profiles and in particular comprise aluminum, and wherein at least some of the profiled bars (1) are designed as basic profiled bars (1) which have an elongated, essentially rectangular cross section, at least one on one broad side have an undercut groove (2) with a substantially trapezoidal cross section in the longitudinal direction of the profile bar (1) to form a load-bearing, non-positive connection of profile bars (1), and on one narrow side an undercut screw channel (3) with a substantially rectangular cross section in the longitudinal direction of the profile bar ( 1) to form a load-bearing non-positive connection of profile bars (1).

37. Large load carrier (91) according to the preceding claim, wherein the inner dimensions of the large load carrier (91) are adapted to the outer dimensions of a Euro pallet; and wherein the outer dimensions of the large load carrier (91) are adapted to the inner dimensions (92) of a standard articulated lorry, both for longitudinal loading and for transverse loading.