DE4330627A1 - Packaging container - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a packaging container, in particular special packing box or the like, with a bottom part and a plurality of each other and with the bottom part engageable side parts and with connection fittings between the side panels and between the Side panels and the bottom panel.

For a variety of packaging tasks, especially for the dispatch of machine parts and systems Packaging crates, d. H. Packing containers made out interconnected crate elements exist, or packaging containers, such as packaging boxes with silk ten walls, possibly stiffened by internal bars elements, mostly of wood, common, the assembly such packaging container with the help of nails or Screwing takes place and the removal of the packaged goods not infrequently at the destination with the destruction of the Packaging container goes hand in hand. With a conventional one Packing box made of stiffened multilayer boards The individual plate parts become wood or wood waste the packing box with metal clips connected, whereby there is always the risk of loss the metal clips during transport or after the demonta ge exists and a relatively complicated ge inclined driving is required.

Conventional packaging containers, among which in the frame this registration both packaging crates, consisting from individual, interconnected crate elements ten, as well as closed packaging containers, such as Ver  packing boxes with closed side walls, understand the z. B. for shipping machines or Maschi parts are therefore both in the final packaging on Shipping location and when opening at the recipient location disadvantageous as their assembly and disassembly in many cases a substantial labor input appropriate tools required. During installation moreover, the problem arises that often only after a complete assembly of the box body proper inherent stability is achieved, while at Assembly even a manual fixation of the individual parts before they are attached to each other, if necessary by several people. In addition, In packaging crates, there are often those to be packed Only put objects into the packaging container from above be set because there is lateral accessibility in the Interior of the packaging container or packaging box does not exist.

Removing the fasteners when opening the ver packing container or the packing box or the Packaging crates lead through the use of tools often irreparable damage, so that reuse of the packaging container is often not can be thought, or a meaningful return of the Packaged goods to the point of departure is not possible.

The invention is therefore based on the object Packaging containers of the type mentioned at the beginning improve, such that with high stability of the Verpac container even with partially assembled or demon condition a quick and uncomplicated, cost inexpensive assembly or disassembly, essentially without the use of assembly tools is possible.  

This object is achieved in that the connection fittings formed by pressure angle that are rotating in pairs and / or straight linear relative movement in interlocking comb engagement can be brought together.

By the solution according to the invention can thus belong pressure angle, e.g. B. the pressure angle adjacent ter, mutually perpendicular sides walls, or those with the pressure angles of the floor partly interacting pressure angle from opposite lying side parts in a comb-like latch be brought together so that each Element after assembly with the previous element already forms an independently stable position and an extremely easy assembly of the packaging body high stability of the same is made possible.

The pressure angle can be achieved by fitting elements are formed, the elbows, especially angles sheet metal, angle profile rails or hollow profiles with one are free locking legs, this one Handle angle with similar counter-pressure angles can be brought into engagement either in that they through a lateral, rectilinear relative movement be pushed and in this way the verrie Establish applicable comb engagement, or in hardware Intervene elements that the pressure angle as out form a negative form, with such fittings ment both a rotary engagement of the elbow formed pressure angle, but also a Comb locking by straight relative movement equip.  

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention has at least one of two neighboring scales tent parts arranged horizontally and / or vertically pressure angle on with a free locking spaced leg and at least leaving one correspond to the material thickness of the locking leg appropriate distance to an adjacent plane surface are arranged and the pressure angles are at right angles other arranged bottom and / or side parts and / or a lid part in pairs in locking rotation and / or displacement intervention can be brought.

The connection fittings can therefore on the one hand to al len places by the same pressure angle, z. B. Angle plates are formed by lateral Ver sliding engagement brought into meshing engagement or it can be part of the pressure angle U-profile rails or pieces are formed, the ent long at least one inner side surface of the U-profile partially a profile body to form an angle pro filleted interior of the U-profile rail or Have U-profile piece, so that this z. B. along two opposite edges of the base plate in the Base plate recessed U-profile rails or U-shaped sections Counter-shaped elements for free locking the associated angle piece or angle plate che form, in which this by means of a rotary movement intervene so that it is not absolutely necessary that for the locking engagement a lateral relative movement between z. B. the side panels and the bottom part takes place and z. B. a side part by a Swiveling movement from the horizontal to the vertical can be erected and then under locking  intervention of the free locking leg in the win self-supporting U-profile with the base plate te is connected, for example, while the rest Side parts through a displacement engagement of pairs free locking leg of elbows attached become.

To through such a U-profile rail or a U-profile to form a counter-pressure angle are the in the U-profile rails or pieces used profile body preferably with a side inner surface of the U-profiles welded profile bars, especially with triangular, rectangular, semicircular or half polygonal cross section.

If necessary, a U-profile can also be used, one of which protrudes inward with integral formation of a counter-pressure angle is designed as an extruded profile.

The assembly of the individual parts of the packaging body, d. H. both individual crate elements as well as ge closed plates, with z. B. featured on the inside seen, stiffening locking elements, is done such that either to mesh with each other provided free locking leg of the one handle angle (contra-angle) according to mutual relative interlock with each other by the free locking leg of each other in pairs engaging pressure angle in each case in the Locking gap between the locking leg and this opposite face of the part with which the pressure angle is connected, intervene, or, at Formation of a pair of connecting elements as one hand  projecting pressure angle with a free lock gelungsschenkel and on the other hand as a "negative form" die ses free locking leg in a corresponding profiled interior of a U-profile rail or one U-profile piece, the free locking leg in the Locking the "negative form" by turning around 90 ° intervenes.

Preferably, these are for the twist lock handle free locking leg of pressure angles prepared U-profile rails or U-profile pieces designed so that a side shift Exercise intervention of the free locking leg possible is, so that this ver from an inside surface narrow U-profile rails or U-profile pieces both as Part of a rotating fitting as well as a sliding fitting can be used in from one end free locking leg of a pressure angle ver intervening.

According to a first, preferred embodiment of the Invention in which all interventions by straight linear relative movement engage with each other the free locking leg of pressure angles a Verpac is assembled body, such as a packaging crate (be standing from interconnected, spaced Ver impact elements) or a packaging box (ge closed wall parts) by simple displacement handle, d. H. a relative shift from in pairs to mutual locking provided engaging celn, which on the side parts, the bottom part and a any provided cover part are attached.  

According to a preferred embodiment of the Erfin dung, in which the packaging body from a Verpac kungsschlag, d. H. individual crate elements stands, the bottom part consists of a plurality of spac Stable crate elements with on opposite Sides arranged pressure angles, which are used for locking Intervention (combing) with associated intervention angles of the cradle elements forming the side parts are provided.

According to a further embodiment of the invention each side part has an outer wall plate, with a frame rectangle formed from locking elements an inside of the wall plate.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the Invention form the locking elements of the side parts ge closed frame rectangles from horizontal and vertical spars, engaging at least on the vertical spars are arranged at an angle.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the Er invention are two opposite side parts of the packaging container designed the same, two opposite side parts along the pressure angle the scope of the closed frame rectangle both the upper and lower horizontal bars as well as on the Vertical bars, while the other two, remaining side parts pressure angle only the vertical bars for locking with the complement pressure angles on the vertical bars of the two have other side parts.

For the preferred design of the packaging body as  Packaging container or packaging box with closed sen walls is according to another embodiment the invention provided that the bottom part is a floor plate forms, for example, on a pallet can be consolidated, and that along two opposite gender outer edges of the base plate in pairs mutually opposing pressure angle arranged are whose free locking legs are adjacent and substantially parallel to the top of the floor extend plate. With such a bottom plate by inserting the corresponding free locks leg of the associated pressure angle of Sei tenwalls in the locking gap between the free Locking legs of the floor plate-side on handle angle and the top of the base plate two opposite side walls mountable while the remaining, front side walls with their ver tical pressure angles with the corresponding Counter-pressure angles on the vertical bars of the two first assembled sidewalls through a displacement intervention are hooked.

For the production of such a packaging box consequently according to a further preferred embodiment form of the invention each side part with an outer Wall plate and a formed from locking elements, inner frame square that runs on the inside the wall plate is provided, the frame rectangles opposite the outer contour of the associated wall plate are arranged offset inwards and the engagement win wear kel, with adjacent side panels each right can be mounted at an angle to each other, and according to Mon days of the side parts on the base plate and one below the other which is flush with the outer surfaces of the side parts  the cursed.

In many cases it is desirable to use the packaging per, especially when designed as a packaging ski to close with a cover part. After a another preferred embodiment of the invention a cover part is provided for this purpose, which is a cover plate with two outer edges facing each other (paral lel to those two opposite side walls the ones along their top horizontal bars each Pressure angle wear) arranged bolt parts and on these fixed pressure angles, for locking intervention with the upper, horizontally arranged inputs grip angles of two opposite side walls is seen.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the Er finding that lead to increased wear resistance the connection of the side parts to the bottom part or of the side parts with the lid of the packaging container leads and further simplifies assembly and disassembly, it is envisaged that the pressure angle on angled NEN arranged, especially welded to them and the angle rails on the locking elements, in particular the horizontal or vertical bars are. Here, the locking gap is then between the free locking leg of the pressure angle or the pressure angle and the opposite Outside surface of one leg of the angle rail is formed.

In such an embodiment, therefore, the Verrie intervention by exclusively in one with each other Handle metal surfaces realized, so that both locking the side parts to the bottom part or  ver with the cover by metal-metal sliding connection simple as well as the position and form stability of the one Grip angle is increased, so that even after a lot Number of assembly or disassembly operations with each other the pressure angle coming into mesh engagement verver casually and easily involved in a shifting engagement can be assembled or disassembled.

A plurality of pressure angles is preferably present arranged a common angle rail and is the Angle rail with a locking part, especially one Horizontal or vertical spar connected.

In a further development of this embodiment of the Erfin is the pressure angle or the pressure angle integrally formed in one piece with the angle rail and in particular through a continuous F-profile total extruded profile formed. In this case, that is leg of the angle rail a continuous, given if in the area of mounting holes in the leg the angle rail interrupted, free locking legs against, forming the locking gap over, while the remaining legs of the angle rail and the pressure angle coincide.

In yet another embodiment of the invention can also be used to form additional locking elements a frame rectangle or as a mounting part for the Pressure angle can be completely dispensed with and can the pressure angle or angles directly on the wall, floor or cover plate are attached, especially under Use of a U-profile as a support profile, the free locking leg or a continuous free locking leg parallel to one leg  of the U-profile and leaving the lock gap to this.

According to a further embodiment of the invention square hollow sections are preferably used, with which either integrally in one piece or as welded on angle piece or welded-on angle bar free locking leg is connected, this Square hollow profile rails each directly on the inside surfaces of the side parts and the cover part or ent long opposite edge areas of the base plate are ordered, if necessary also along in addition provided locking elements on the lid or side part len, so that with little assembly effort with high Stei ability the respective free locking leg of the Square hollow profiles of side parts and / or floor or cover part with each other in displacement engagement brings and can be locked in this way.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the The present invention can use the previously described verb Application fittings can also be changed so that a to Intermeshing connection provided with each other impact couple each from a pressure angle with a free locking leg and a receiving counter consists of essentially one "Negative" counter-form of this free interlock kels, in particular formed by U-shaped rails or U-profile pieces, the internal cross-section of one side wall and ver leaving the floor area free is narrow, so that in the so as an L-shaped receiving space formed "negative" pressure angle of the free locks lung leg of the projecting pressure angle of engage from the side with a swivel movement and  traversed while passing through a 90 ° swivel angle can be applied.

At the same time, such a pressure angle, which by a specially internally profiled U-profile rail or a correspondingly specially profiled U-profile piece on the inside is formed, also the above-described, lateral Ver sliding engagement between the free locking thigh and the inner profile of this narrowed on one side U-profile rail or this one-sided narrowed U-Pro filstückes too, so that also the free locking leg of a pressure angle under displacement reached from one end to one Grip angle profiled U-profile rail inserted can be, while producing a comb intervention.

Both types of locking and combinations of fittings can can also be used together on a packaging container be det so that z. B. a side wall of the packaging container is pivoted onto the base plate, while the remaining side walls by displacement movements be locked. It is also possible because the U-profile rails profiled at a pressure angle or U-profile pieces also the meshing engagement by relative Longitudinal movement in relation to a free locking Lungsschenkel allow an associated pressure angle sen, this U-profile profiled as pressure angle rails or pieces on the side walls or the Provide the lid part of the packaging container.

Further preferred configurations of the counterpart of the invention status are set out in the other subclaims.

The invention is based on execution examples and associated drawings explained in more detail.

In these show:

Fig. 1 is a perspective assembly view of a packaging box with a bottom plate, a longitudinal wall and an end wall,

Fig. 2 shows a detail of a comb engagement between engagement angles to gehörgen a side part and the bottom plate in an enlarged view in section,

Fig. 3 is an enlarged perspective detail of the ridge engaging two associated pressure angle,

Fig. 4 is an inner side of a lid part for the Ver packaging crate according to Fig. 1,

Fig see. 5 shows a mounting position of a front wall with a longitudinal wall in a corner portion of ge above,

Fig. 6 is a packing box in closed, final assembly oriented state,

Fig. 7 is an angle rail having secured thereto a handle angles in a perspective view,

Fig. 8 shows an extruded profile for the formation of a INTERLOCKS lung leg of the pressure angle in conjunction with an angle rail in integral one-piece designs,

Fig. 9 shows an extruded profile to form the free locking leg of the pressure angle, in integral one-piece design with a U-section for direct connection of a plurality of locking elements (packaging crate) or for direct mounting to wall, base or cover plates (without stiffening Riegelelemen te)

Fig. 10 is an extruded profile as a rectangular hollow profile with welded to this angle rail for Ausbil dung free locking leg of a pressure angle,

Figure 11 is a front wall with pressure angles mounted on angle bars lung. Depicting in perspective,

Figure 12 is a longitudinal wall with mounted on angle bars pressure angles lung. Depicting in perspective,

Fig. 13 is a view similar to that in Fig. 2 for the dung further embodiment of the OF INVENTION,

Fig. 14 is a view similar to Fig. 1, wherein the angle of engagement by respective four upright hollow profiles with welded to these angle pieces, comparable to the extruded profile according to Fig. 10, are formed,

Fig. 15 is a view similar to that in Fig. 1 for a further exemplary embodiment with, in the bottom part recessed rotary fittings and direct attachment of engagement angles of the wall panels

Fig. 16 is a plan view of the bottom part of the packaging container according to Fig. 15,

. 17a is a detail of a rotational fitting is fitted in a sectional view at the beginning of the engagement of a pressure angle associated with a side wall, wherein the Drehbe impact on the bottom part to the bottom part Fig verbun those

Fig. 17b is an illustration similar to that in Fig. 17a for a position shown in full locking position with the bottom part side wall, in which case the rotary fitting a is represented left as in the bottom part,

Fig. 18a-18d perspective representations under different embodiments of intervention angles, which strikes as rotary fittings and / or pushing and as counter-pressure angle and on receiving parts for meshing engagement with free Ver locking legs are provided, wherein in Figs. 18a-18c Profile bars are welded into U-profiles to form an angle-profiled interior, while FIG. 18d shows an integral U-extrusion profile with a projecting side wall on one side corresponding to the embodiment according to FIG. 18a of a U-leg,

FIG. 19a-19c are cross sectional views of the U-profile pieces for the formation of rotary fittings and / or sliding fittings according to Fig. 18a-18c,

Fig. 20 an angle plate as an exemplary embodiment of a pressure angle to form a rotary and / or sliding the fitting of Figs. 17a and 17b,

Hälters seen Fig. 21 is a schematic representation of a rotary and / or sliding fitting connection between a longitudinal wall and an end wall of Verpackungsbe from above,

Fig. 22 is a longitudinal sectional view of a locking device locking device for the lid part of the packaging container, and

Fig. 23 is a front view of the Schließverriegelungsvor direction in the arrow direction in Fig. 22.

In the following exemplary embodiments, a cuboid packaging box 1 , 100 is explained as a packaging container, which can be installed and dismantled practically without assembly tools, and at the same time is completely transport-stable and transport-safe without further fastening elements and can be disassembled without damage, with a return of the individual elements also is the same packaging box 1 according to the decomposing Ver packungsort possible.

A first exemplary embodiment is explained below with reference to FIGS. 1-13.

The basic element of the packaging box 1 is a base plate 2 , which determines the basic dimensions of the packaging box 1 and, in the present exemplary embodiment, has a rectangular geometry with long sides 2 a, 2 b and end faces 2 c, 2 d.

In the present embodiment (see FIGS. 1 and 2), the base plate 2 is firmly connected to a pallet 3 , without this being absolutely necessary. However, this creates a very stable transport unit for forklift transport and increases the overall stability of the assembled packaging box 1 . The pallet 3 can be a Euro pallet or z. B. by runners that are integral with the bottom plate 2 are replaced, these having a similar function, for. B. transport for an unhindered forklift. In this embodiment, the base plate 2 is made of a multi-layer composite plate made of glued plywood layers with a thickness of about 20 mm.

The bottom plate 2 is mounted on the pallet 3 so that the circumference of the bottom plate 2 is offset inwards relative to the circumference of the pallet 3 , with a dimension that corresponds essentially to the thickness of wall plates 6 of the side parts 5 which are further refined below , so that these are flush with the pallet base 3 after assembly of the packaging box 1 .

Along the longitudinal sides 2 a, 2 b are in the present imple mentation, for example in the region of the supporting blocks of the pallet 3 pressure angle 4 be screwed, as in Fig. 2, the handle is a detail of a locking Kammein between a pressure angle 4 of the bottom plate 2 and a Pressure angle 4 of a side part 5 is shown.

The pressure angle 4 , the dimensions of which depend on the overall dimensions of the packaging box 1 and the z. B. consist of 2 mm angle iron are with a BEFE stigungsschenkel 4 a outside on the long side 2 a or 2 b of the base plate 2 screwed or riveted, such that the other leg of the pressure angle, in the follow as the free locking leg 4 b , it leaves a distance to the top of the bottom plate 2 from the long side 2 a or 2 b inwards, it stretches to form a locking gap. 7 The width of the locking leg 4 b is approximately 20 mm in the vorlie case.

As shown in Fig. 1, the base plate 2 in this embodiment has a rectangular shape with the two long sides 2 a, 2 b and the two end faces 2 c, 2 d, so that the end faces 2 c, 2 d are shorter than the long sides 2 a, 2 b. Along the opposite longitudinal sides 2 a, 2 b cross walls 8 may be provided as side parts, of which only one is shown in Fig. 1, wherein the opposite longitudinal wall has preferably the same structure.

The longitudinal walls 8 , of which only one is shown in Fig. 1, have the same structure and are first installed on the base plate 2 and the pressure angles 4 thereof.

The side parts 5 and thus also the longitudinal walls 8 are in the present exemplary embodiment, each of a wall plate 6 , on the inside of which ver sets inwards, a frame rectangle 9 made of locking elements 10 is fastened, these locking elements forming 10 horizontal bars 11 or vertical bars 12 . The pressure angle 4 are on the bottom 2 of the corresponding spacer plate also Eingriffswin kel 4 with their fastening legs 4 mounted inside, for example on the upper and lower horizontal rail 11 of each longitudinal wall 8 at a distance. B. screwed, such that the free locking leg 4 b each pressure angle at a distance above or below the horizontal spar 11 extends to the wall plate 6 , with the same or Verrie gelungsspalt 7 remains to the top or Un bottom of the horizontal spar 11 How is provided between the corre sponding free locking legs 4 b of the attached to the Bo denplatte 2 pressure angle 4 and the top of the bottom plate 2 . In this way, the longitudinal wall 8 shown in Fig. 1 can be very easily and in a further stabilization during assembly superfluous way to be fixed on the base plate 2 by the longitudinal wall 8 is placed on the Bo denplatte 2 that as in Fig shown. 1, the interengaging coming to a comb engaging a handle angle 4 adjacent to each other are located and then the longitudinal wall 8 is simply in Fig. 1 for direction forward in left arrow is shifted, so that the free INTERLOCKS lung leg 4 b, the pressure angle 4 of the longitudinal wall 8 and Bottom plate 2 on the longitudinal side 2 a come into meshing engagement with one another, as is shown schematically in section in FIG. 2 and in perspective representations in FIG. 3.

After this displacement procedure in which the longitudinal wall supports 8 with its bottom edge also practically b on the support blocks of the pallet and with 3 the auflie constricting outer sides of the locking arm 4 on the bottom plate 2, the longitudinal wall 8 is montagesta bil, and without further support or support is required, already fixed to the base plate 2 via the mutually engaged free Verrie gelungsschenkel 4, the pressure angle b 4 held. The second, not shown here and the longitudinal wall 8 ge opposite longitudinal wall 8 is in the same way leads out and is added in a corresponding manner on the other longitudinal side 2 b of the base plate 2 .

As illustrated in FIG. 1, the longitudinal walls 8 on their vertical spars 12 more, here each have a handle angle 4 , which are screwed with their mounting leg 4 a to the frame rectangle 9 , while their free locking leg 4 b to the left or right th top of the vertical beam 12 at a distance, the locking gap 7 leaves (see. also Fig. 5). To close the box on the end faces end walls 13 are provided, of which only the rear end wall 13 is also shown in FIG. 1, which also has a frame menviereck 9 made of horizontal and vertical bars 11 , 12 , the upper horizontal bar 11 here in ess we serves the support of locking elements 10 of a cover part to be explained below, while the lower horizontal spar 11 limits the insertion of the end wall 13 downwards and sits on the base plate 2 in the fully assembled state. On the upper horizontal beam 11 , an end strip 14 is attached.

The vertical bars 12 each wear in pairs accordingly to the arrangement of the pressure angle 4 on the Verti kalholmen 12 of the longitudinal walls 8 pressure angle 4 , the free locking leg 4 b facing inwards and leaving a locking gap 7 to the adjacent vertical bar 12 .

In Fig. 5, the operation of inserting and locking an end wall 13 on a longitudinal wall 8 for a Eckbe rich is shown schematically, the locking gap 7 is shown enlarged. In fact, the locking gap 7 corresponds essentially to the material strength of the pressure angle 4 , so that the interlocking free locking legs 4 b engage tightly in the associated locking gap 7 . The end wall 13 thus connects the longitudinal walls 8 ready for assembly and it is possible to use the interior of the packaging box 1 which has already been formed in this way for the lateral reception of packaged goods from the front side thereof.

The front end wall 13 has one of the structures shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, the end wall 13 corresponding structure, with the exception of a smaller notch on the upper edge of the upper horizontal spar 11 for pushing a cover part 14 shown in FIG. 4 in a bottom view .

The end wall 13 is thus assembled by, as shown in Fig. 5, it is attached to the already assembled, lying opposite longitudinal walls 8 so that their grip angle 4 come into meshing engagement with the pressure angles 4 of the longitudinal walls 8 by the respective free Interlock locking leg in the associated locking column, the end wall 13 is pushed vertically downwards until the lower horizontal bar 11 sits on the base plate 2 . The end wall 13 provided for forming the front of the packaging box 1 , not shown here, is mounted in a corresponding manner so that the packaging box 1 is stably closed on all sides on the circumference.

In the event that, as is often desired, the packaging box 1 is also to be closed on the cover side, a cover part 14 is provided, which is shown in a schematic bottom view in FIG. 4 and in addition to a Dec kelplatte 15 has two longitudinal bar parts 10 where pressure angle 4b with a Windwärts projecting, free locking legs 4 are mounted in a distribution corresponding to that of pressure angle 4 at the upper horizontal struts 11 of the two longitudinal walls 8 corresponds. In this way, the cover plate 15 can be easily inserted from the front end wall 13 onto the upper horizontal spars 11 of the two longitudinal walls 8, the cover plate 15 resting on the upper edge of the wall plates 6 and the packaging box 1 forming a completely closed body at the end as shown in FIG. 6.

The packaging box 1 forms an integral packaging unit that requires no further fastening elements or securing elements for the transport. If necessary, a cover element 14 can also be secured in its closed position by securing element, eg. B. can be provided with an adjacent locking element engageable locking pin which is secured against unintentional loosening.

The packing box can be gripped by the locking angle of the pressure angle 4 with each other by simple plug-in connection of the side parts with each other and with respect to the longitudinal walls 8 with the base plate 2 and can be closed simply by inserting the cover part, again with locking engagement of the corresponding pressure angle 4 . Both assembly and disassembly can be carried out without special tools and can be carried out by one installer without the need for additional holding means or additional forces. The packaging box 1 can be easily dismantled into its individual parts and is easily reusable. In a destruction or damage of individual parts of the packaging Ver crate 1 in a manner to preclude further USAGE dung, the packaging box 1 can be easily recycled because separation of wood and metal parts by corresponding Metallabschei is easily possible.

Another embodiment of the invention is tert tert with reference to FIGS . 7 and 11 to 13.

This embodiment differs from the previously described embodiment essentially because of the fact that the pressure angle 4 are not directly attached to the locking elements 10 (so that the engagement gap 7 between the free locking leg 4 b and the opposite plane surface (surface) of the Rie gelelementes 10 is formed is), but arranged along a side of the bottom plate 2, the side member 5 or of the lid part 14 meshing angle 4 mounted on an angle rail 16, preferably welded to the ser are such that the free INTERLOCKS lung leg 4 4 b of the pressure angle a of the to associated locking element 10 screwed leg 17 of the angle rail 16 opposite, so that the Verrie gelungsspalt 7 is always gebil det between two metal surfaces and for the displacement engagement of the free locking leg 4 b the pressure angle always a metallic sliding guide, formed by the leg el 17 of the angle rail 16 , is available. In this way, there is practically no wear even with frequent assembly or disassembly; The durability of the handle angle 4 and its protection against external damage, including in connection with its attachment, is significantly improved and there is always a metal sliding connection for locking the individual box walls. A sectional view of a grip connection between the base plate 2 and a longitudinal wall 8 according to this further embodiment is shown in Fig. 13. The lower horizontal spar is provided with a cutout in which one leg of the win angle rail 16 extends and to which a fastening angle of the pressure angle 4 is fastened, preferably being welded. The remaining leg 17 of the angle rail 16 engages around the lower horizontal spar 11 on the underside. In the longitudinal direction are sequentially shown in FIG. 7, a plurality of engagement angle 4 on the angle bar 16 is attached. Between the free locking leg 4 b and the opposite leg 17 of the angle rail, the locking gap 7 is formed. The associated counter-pressure angle 4 , which is fastened on an angle rail 16 along the side edge of the base plate 2 , engages in a corresponding manner.

For clarification, such an angle rail 16 is shown in perspective with the pressure angles 4 welded to it in FIG. 7. Fastening bores 18 (for the further leg of the angle rail 16 these are not shown here) serve to fasten the angle rail 16 to a locking element 10 .

In Fig. 11, an end wall with this vertically be fixed angle rails 16 and with the angle rails 16 welded pressure angles 4 is shown. Such an end wall is provided for a lidless packaging box ste 1 .

Fig. 12 shows the corresponding attachment of three angle rails 16 with associated pressure angles 4 on a horizontal spar 11 and the vertical spars 12 of a longitudinal wall 8 , which is shown here with its top down, ie upside down, and to form a lidless packaging box serves. The kelschiene with the upper, horizontally disposed Win 16 associated pressure angle 4 are thus in the practical use of locking engagement with corresponding engagement angles a bottom plate 2 a in the first embodiment se corresponding Wei.

Of course, for a packaging box with a lid, the lower horizontal spar 11 in FIG. 12 could be provided with an angle rail 16 and an angle bracket 4 welded to it. For a flush grip, the upper horizontal spar 11 or the vertical spar 12 is provided with a side step milling, so that the welded to the angle rails 16 legs of the pressure angle 4 are flush with their top with the top of the adjacent locking elements 10 . Between the free locking legs 4 b and the leg 17 of the angle rails 16 , the locking gap 7 is again formed.

Further modifications with regard to the design of the pressure angle 4 or their integral union with an associated angle rail 16 or a U-profile rail 19 are shown in FIGS . 8 and 9 as examples of extruded profiles, which also serve to form the locking gap 7 .

For reasons of accessibility and attachment z. B. the angle rail 16 of FIG. 8, the locking leg 4 b of the integral pressure angle 4 may have one or more recesses.

Fig. 9 shows an extruded profile, the angle the Eingriffswin 4 or the free locking arm 4 b in inte gral embodiment with a U-profile rail 19 provides, with such engagement and fastening element can also be used for the formation of packaging containers without these locking elements 10 has. That is, U-shaped rails and welded to them or integrally formed with this pressure angle 4 could be screwed or fastened as fastening and mounting elements directly to the outer wall plates 6 or the base plate 2 or the cover plate 15 according to the first embodiment without the corresponding plate parts then still having to have an inner frame rectangle or horizontal or vertical bars bil dende locking elements. Between a leg 17 of the U-profile and the free locking leg 4 b, the locking gap 7 is then formed in one piece. Also here, if necessary, not shown in Fig. 9 cutouts in certain sections from the free locking leg 4 b or the leg 18 of the U-profile can be provided to facilitate the fastening of the profile Be on corresponding plate parts.

Of course, such solutions, ie the connection of pressure angles 4 and profile rails 16 or extruded profiles including the use of U-profiles, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, could also be used for the formation of packaging containers which consist only of crimping elements ( Packaging crates) and no closed side walls, lid or bottom walls.

The pressure angle 4 can preferably also consist of a square hollow profile 20 with a continuously welded to this angle profile 21 , as shown in Fig. 10, which forms the free locking leg 4 b, the locking gap 7 to the square hollow profile 20 and is connected to this with its mounting leg 4 a. If necessary (similar to what has already been explained in relation to the use of an angle rail 16 in FIG. 7), individual angle pieces can also be designed as a pressure angle with the formation of the free locking leg between them and one side of the square hollow profile 20 (see FIG . 14).

An embodiment of this type, in which the packaging box 1 is used with all-round use of a square hollow profile 20 with welded-on angle profiles 21 , is shown in FIG. 14. The square hollow profiles 20 are each parallel to the short and long sides of the side parts 5 and along the opposite long sides of the Bo denplatte 2 and along the vertical outer sides of the end walls 13 either directly on the respective wall plates 6 (in relation to the side parts 5 ) or attached to the relevant locking elements 10 of each on the Be tentteile 5 provided frame rectangles 9 .

In this way, the assembly effort for the individual pressure angle 4 can be significantly reduced, while at the same time high rigidity of the locking arrangement. In this embodiment, a cover part for the packaging box 1 is not shown, but this could be provided in a corresponding manner with square hollow profiles 20 , the angle profiles 21 to form free locking legs 4 b and get into a handle with the along the tops of the long walls 8 provided, corresponding pressure angles 4 .

A further exemplary embodiment is explained below with reference to FIGS. 15-23, this exemplary embodiment differing from the previous exemplary embodiments insofar as it includes the possibility of at least part of the connecting fittings from meshing engagement angles 4 , which are locked together by lateral, straight-line displacement engagement, to be replaced by combined connecting fittings, which not only allow a meshing engagement by lateral relative displacement, but moreover also bil rotating fittings, ie that, for. B. a side part 5 by a pure rotary movement stably mounted on the base plate 2 who can, without any lateral Relativver shift between the side part 5 and the base plate 2 is required. This enables e.g. B., Be tenwand by a pure rotary movement or Schwenkbewe movement on the bottom part of the packing box 1 to mon, the same fitting can also be used on the sides share itself, so that a nontage pivoting movement about a vertical vertical axis each can be provided according to the use and packaging purpose of the packaging box.

For explanation, reference is first made to FIGS. 17-19, while a representation corresponding to FIG. 1 of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 15, with a top view of a base plate according to this embodiment in FIG. 16.

In this case, to form a rotary fitting on the one hand angle plates as a pressure angle 104 directly with the side parts 105 (wall plate 106 ) along the lower longitudinal sides thereof and along the vertical len sides connected (screwed), such that a relatively short, free locking leg 104 b spaced from the underside of the wall plate 106 at a distance which is fixed to a profile width of a U-profile rail or U-profile piece 120 provided as a counter-pressure angle. The U-profile rail or the U-profile piece 120 forms a counter pressure angle with an angle-profiled interior as a "negative shape" for interlocking meshing engagement with the free locking leg 104 b of the angle plate 104 in that along or along an inner surface of the U-profile rail . of the U-profile piece 120 , at least par tially, a profile bar 121 is fastened, in particular welded to this leg of the U-profile rail or of the U-profile piece 120 , the profile bar 121 having a geometry which swivels inward from the angled area of the angle plate 104 with the free locking leg 104 b by erecting from a horizontal position shown in FIG. 17 a into a vertical locking position, which is shown in FIG. 17 b. In FIGS. 17a and 17b, the Pro filstab 121 a triangular cross-sectional configuration. This allows the pressure angle 104 not only under the pivoting movement shown in locking engagement with the counter-pressure angle formed by the angle-profiled interior having U-profile rail or U-profile piece 120 can be brought into engagement, but that in a corresponding manner the displacement engagement according to the first example, the free locking leg 104 b of the angle plate 104 can also be brought into the same locking engagement by a displacement engagement in the longitudinal direction of the U-profile rail or the U-profile piece 120 , so that in this way he will keep a connecting fitting, which can be used both as a rotary fitting and also the already described above-described displacement between the free locking leg 104 b of a pressure angle 104 and the pressure angle formed by the specially profiled angle rail or the specially internally profiled U-profile piece 120 (as Versc bat fitting) permitted.

In Fig. 17a, a structure is shown in partial section, in which a plurality of U-profile pieces 121 are placed in the longitudinal direction along an outer side of the base part on the base plate 102 , which in turn is connected to the pallet 103 . A strip 122 is provided as an assembly aid and additional support along the inside of the U-profile pieces 120 , without this being absolutely necessary.

Although this is not shown here, in such a case the distances between adjacent U-Pro filstücke 121 along the long side of the base plate 102 are lined with profile bars of a corresponding height, since otherwise a flat support of the mounting position in their mon (see Fig. 17b) vertical erected wall plate 106 would not be given. In Fig. 17b, an alternative embodiment is shown, which makes this dispensable ent, in which the U-profile piece, each peripherally recessed as well as in Figs. 15 and 16 in the bottom plate 102 of the bottom part and is flush with the surface thereof, so that in the areas in which no U-profile pieces 121 are provided, the wall plate 106 is supported on the top of the base plate 102 . The range is marked in Fig. 17b with 103 be.

Alternatively, with regard to the assembly according to FIG. 17 a, a continuous U-profile rail ne 120 could of course also be selected.

In FIGS. 18a-18d various Ausführungsfor are men of U-shaped profile rails 120 shown with angle-profiled inner spaces, wherein trie 121 different Geome in FIGS. 18a-18c welded section bars are in fact shown with a triangular, semi-circular or rectangular cross section. As an alternative to this, it is of course also possible to design the U-profile piece or the profile rail 121 itself as an extruded profile with an accordingly profiled leg as an integral profile, which has a sliding engagement of a free locking leg 104 b in the longitudinal direction as well as a rotational engagement of such a locking leg 104 b allows without having to use separate profile bars 121 (see FIG. 18d).

In FIGS. 19a-19c cross-sectional shapes are again the U-profile rails or U-shaped pieces 120 is provided with incorporated in this section bars 121 to form win kelprofilierter interiors, the angular profile of the interior spaces are designated by 104 ', and in this position respectively, the pressure angle b are arranged with their free locking leg 104 104, when the meshing engagement between the two angles A handle accomplished 104th

In Fig. 20, an angle plate 104 is shown as a pressure angle, as it is fastened without further stiffening elements or locking elements on the side parts 105 , as is shown in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 15, which is similar to a packaging box without a lid part in a representation that of Fig. 1 shows.

Because of the usability of the pressure angle formed by the U-rails 120 , which are angle-profiled, both as a sliding fitting and as a rotating fitting, it is possible to use such internally profiled U-profile rails or pieces 120 in wall plates 106 , so that, as in FIG. 21 shown in sections, e.g. B. a longitudinal wall 108 with a pressure angle 104 can be brought into rotary engagement about a vertical vertical axis (if the end wall 113 is already present) or the end wall 113 can be pushed in from above after appropriate mounting of the wall plate 106 (see FIG. 15, Front wall 113 with U-profile rails 120 vertically along the side edges with inserted profile bars 121 ), in the same way as in the first embodiment, although in this case the specially internally profiled pressure angle, formed by the U-profile rail 120 with the free locking leg 104 b of the pressure angle 104 of the longitudinal wall 106 engages.

Otherwise, another profile bar geometry is indicated in broken lines in FIG. 21 (rectangular profile), while the triangular profile shown in solid lines is generally preferred.

By the aforementioned embodiment, it is possible to open and close side walls also on the box and swivel them without a straight relative movement of the parts to be locked, in particular the longitudinal side walls 108 and the bottom plate 102 .

In Fig. 16, the base plate 102 is shown in this with rotated fittings in the form of pressure angles, which are formed by the internally profiled U-profile pieces 120 , shown in plan view, in which case their use of the longitudinal walls 108 by pivoting from a Ver Horizontal position takes place in the vertical position, as shown in FIGS. 17a and 17b. In an assembly of the U-shaped profile rails 120, the lock-out legs, a lateral insertion of free Ver 104 b associated pressure angle would allow 104, stops may be provided within the U-Pro filschienen, the movement of a relative Längsbe of free locking legs 104 b and U Exclude each filstück relative to each other in the longitudinal direction.

It is also pointed out that, without this being shown in detail here, an additional locking device (swivel plate) can be provided within the assembled packaging box so that it can pivot on either a longitudinal wall 8 , 108 or an end wall 13 , 113 near the corner area, which can be provided in a slot cooperating fitting parts (Engagementswin angle 4 , 104 , 120 ) engages so that after mounting the end walls 13 , 113 and pivoting the locking plate, the end walls can no longer be pulled out, but a disassembly of the end walls 13 , 113 only after pivoting back the locking plate is possible. The packaging box 1 , 100 according to the previous embodiments is referred to as the "mc box".

As already explained above, it is preferred in many packaging boxes 1 , 100 to close them with a cover part 14 , 114 . To lock the lid part 14 , 114 in the closed state of the packing box 1 , 100 a captive locking device 30 on the lid part 14 , 114 is seen before, which is shown schematically in lateral sectional representation and front view in FIGS . 22 and 23. Here, a hollow profile piece 31 is screwed to the cover plate 15 at the front end, which has a projecting inner stop 32 at its inner end. On the other hand superimposed filstück the hollow section 31, in this embodiment, by a pin 33 at the front end of the hollow profile piece 31 to pivot a locking clamp 34, which after Einschie ben of the lid member 14, 114 in its final, packaging box 1, 100 closing position from that shown in Fig. 23 shown in broken lines Before preparation position can be brought into the end position shown in solid lines, swung in below, in which it bears against the outside of the end wall 13 , 113 , while on the other hand is supported against a locking element 10 inside the inner stop 32 . In this way, the cover part 14 , 114 is locked captively and can be opened just as easily by swiveling the closure clip 35 up. The end wall 13 , 113 has a recess in the region of the hollow profile piece 31 , as shown in FIG. 23.

The packaging container according to the present invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments shown; e.g. B. it is also possible to form a packaging crate in this way, the handle angle 4 , 104 , 120 are each arranged at the ends of Rie gel elements which engage with each other in comb and are connected to each other via stiffening longitudinal and transverse bars .

The previously described embodiments were explained using a packaging box 1 , which consists essentially of wooden parts with the intended for locking me metallic pressure angles.

As an alternative to this, it is of course also possible to use completely different materials for the packaging box, such as, for. B. metal, in particular aluminum, or combinations of wooden parts provided with metal fittings. It is also conceivable to share the engagement angle integrally in one piece with the associated latch or to form frame rectangles and / or to provide this in one piece with the outer plate parts. The free locking leg 4 b of the pressure angle NEN can also be provided as an integral nose projections of Metallprofi len, which form the locking parts, or z. B. in plastic design as an integral extrusion profile. What is essential is the comb-like locking engagement of the free locking legs with one another, which leads to a complete, inherently stable design of the packaging body.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is also possible in a simple manner to provide partition walls within the packaging box 1 , which would be mounted in the same way on the opposite longitudinal walls 8 as the end walls 13 . In this case, the quadrilaterals 10 of the longitudinal walls 8 would be provided with a further, vertical locking part, to which the corresponding pressure angle would be fixed leaving the locking gap. To insert the partition, the horizontal bars 11 would then have an interruption or notch corresponding to the thickness of the partition.

Claims (32)

1. Packaging container with a bottom part and a plurality of with each other and with the bottom part in a grippable side parts and with Verbindungsbe strikes between the side parts and between the side parts and the bottom part, characterized in that the connecting fittings by pressure angle ( 4 , 104 , 120 ) are formed, which can be brought together in pairs under rotary movement and / or rectilinear relative movement in interlocking comb engagement. 2. Packaging container according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure angle ( 4 , 104 ) on sides and / or bottom and / or cover parts ( 5 , 2 , 14 ) be fixed angle pieces, in particular angle plates, win kelprofilschienen or hollow profiles ( 20th ) with a free locking leg ( 4 b, 104 b). 3. Packaging container according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one of each two be adjacent side parts ( 5 ) has horizontally and / or vertically arranged pressure angle ( 4 , 104 ) beabstan with a free locking leg ( 4 b, 104 b) det and leaving at least one of the material thickness of the locking leg ( 4 b) corresponding distance ( 7 ) angeord net to an adjacent plane surface, and the pressure angle ( 4 , 104 , 120 ) quite angled bottom, and / or lid and / or side parts ( 2 , 14 , 5 ) can be brought in pairs to lock the rotation and / or displacement engagement. 4. Packaging container according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure angle is formed by U-shaped rails or pieces ( 120 ) which have a winkelprofi-lined interior ( 104 '). 5. Packaging container according to claim 4, characterized in that the U-profile rails or pieces ( 120 ) along a side inner surface of the U-profile at least partially have a profile body ( 121 ) to form the win kelprofilierter interior ( 104 '). 6. Packaging container according to claim 5, characterized in that the profile body ( 121 ) with a Seitenin nenfläche of the U-profile welded profile bars, in particular with triangular, rectangular, semicircular or semi-polygonal cross-section. 7. Packaging container according to claim 4, characterized in that the U-profile rails or pieces ( 120 ) extruded profiles with an inwardly projecting profiled U-leg to form a cross-section win kelprofilierter interior ( 104 ') of the U-profile rails or - pieces ( 120 ) are. 8. Packaging container according to at least one of the preceding claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the U-shaped rails or pieces ( 120 ) are embedded in the opposite edge portions of the base part ( 2 ). 9. Packaging container according to at least one of the preceding claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the U-shaped rails or pieces ( 120 ) on the bottom, side or cover parts ( 2 , 5 , 14 ) formed by plates or crimping elements are, for the non-engaging locking leg ( 104 b) associated pressure angle ( 104 ). 10. Packaging container according to at least one of the preceding claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the bottom part ( 2 , 102 ), at least one side part ( 5 , 105 ) or a cover part ( 14 ), is formed as a plate or from parallel crimping elements. 11. Packaging container according to claim 10, characterized in that the bottom part forms a base plate ( 2 , 102 ) or consists of parallel cradle elements be, fixedly arranged on a base, in particular a pallet ( 3 , 103 ). 12. Packaging container according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the bottom part forms a base plate ( 2 ) and along two opposite outer edges ( 2 a, 2 b) the same pair of mutually opposing pressure angle ( 4 ) are arranged, de ren free locking leg ( 4 b) spaced and substantially parallel to the top of the bottom plate ( 2 ) extend. 13. Packaging container according to at least one of the preceding claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the side parts ( 105 ) are each made of a wall plate ( 106 ) with which the pressure angle ( 104 ) are the verbun directly. 14. Packaging container according to at least one of the preceding claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the cover part ( 14 ) consists of a cover plate ( 15 ) with which the pressure angle ( 104 ) are connected directly. 15. Packaging container according to at least one of the preceding claims 1 to 14, characterized in that each side part ( 5 ) has an outer wall plate ( 6 ) with a frame rectangle ( 9 ) formed from locking elements ( 10 ) on its inside of the wall plate ( 6 ). 16. Packaging container according to claim 15, characterized in that locking elements (10) of the side parts (5) closed frame quadrilaterals (9) of horizontal and vertical beams (11, 12), wherein at least along the vertical beams (12) pressure angle (4) are arranged. 17. Packaging container according to claim 16, characterized in that two opposite longitudinal walls ( 8 ) on the frame rectangles ( 9 ) along the circumference of the same on the horizontal and vertical bars ( 11 , 12 ) arranged pressure angle ( 4 ). 18. Packaging container according to at least one of the previously claims 15 to 17, that the frame rectangle or opposite each other Side parts are stiffened by additional locking elements. 19. Packaging container according to at least one of the preceding claims 14 to 17, characterized in that the frame rectangles ( 9 ) with the pressure angles ( 4 ) adjacent, mutually perpendicular Be tenteile ( 5 ), in particular of longitudinal and end walls ( 8 , 13th ), opposite an outer edge of the associated wall plate ( 6 ) are arranged inwards, such that after assembly of the side parts ( 5 ) on the base plate ( 2 ) and with adjacent side parts ( 5 ) the Außenflä surfaces of the side parts ( 5 ) flush with each other swear. 20. Packaging container according to at least one of the preceding claims 15 to 19, characterized in that a cover part ( 14 ) a cover plate ( 15 ) with two Rie arranged along opposite outer edges Rie gelteile ( 10 ) and attached to this Befestigungsswin angles ( 4 ), provided for locking engagement with upper, horizontally arranged pressure angles ( 4 ) of two opposite side walls ( 5 ), in particular against opposite longitudinal walls ( 8 ). 21. Packaging container according to claim 1, characterized records that the bottom part a plurality of spaced Shutter elements with along opposite sides arranged pressure angles. 22. Packaging container according to claim 20, characterized ge indicates that a cover part beabstan a plurality det shed elements with along opposite Has sides arranged pressure angles. 23. Packaging container according to at least one of the preceding claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the pressure angle ( 4 ) on angular rails ( 16 ) angeord net, in particular welded thereto, and the angular rails ( 16 ) on the locking elements ( 10 ), in particular the horizontal or vertical bars ( 11 , 12 ) are attached. 24. Packaging container according to claim 23, characterized in that a plurality of pressure angles ( 4 ) are arranged on a common angle rail ( 16 ) and the angle rail ( 16 ) with a locking element ( 10 ), in particular a horizontal or vertical bar ( 11 , 12 ), is connected. 25. Packaging container according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that the locking gap ( 7 ) between the free locking leg ( 4 b) of a handle angle ( 4 ) and one leg ( 17 ) of the angle rail ( 16 ) is formed. 26. Packaging container according to at least one of the preceding claims 1 to 25, characterized in that the pressure angle ( 4 ) is integrally formed integrally with the win kelschiene ( 16 ) by an F-extruded profile. 27. Packaging container according to at least one of the preceding claims 1 to 26, characterized in that the pressure angle is formed by a directly connected to the wall, bottom or cover plate extruded profile including a U-profile ( 19 ). 28. Packaging container according to claim 26, characterized in that the pressure angle ( 4 ) on U-shaped rails ( 19 ) are fixed, in particular welded to them, and the U-shaped rails ( 19 ) directly with the wall, floor or cover plates ( 6 , 2 , 15 ) are connected. 29. Packaging container according to claim 28, characterized ge indicates that a plurality of cradle elements through an angle or continuous profile rail with each other connected and with any angle or extruded profile rail at least one pressure angle to form a verrie Gelungsspaltes attached or integral with this is trained.   30. Packaging container according to at least one of the preceding claims 1 to 29, characterized in that with a square hollow profile ( 20 ) at least one handle angle ( 4 ) is welded and the square hollow profiles ( 20 ) directly with plates or Verschlagele elements / or is connected to stiffening locking elements ( 10 ). 31. Packaging container according to claim 3, characterized in that a closing lock device ( 30 ) is connected to the cover plate. 32. Packaging container according to claim 31, characterized in that the locking device ( 30 ) on the inside in an end region of the cover plate ( 14 , 114 ) provided bearing body ( 31 ) with a projecting inner stop ( 32 ) and an end face provided, pivotable mounted Ver clamp circuit (33), wherein in a Deckelver the distance between the inner stop (32) and closing clamp (33) lock-out position of the thickness of the end wall (13, 113) of the packing container corresponds in this area.