WO2022135587A1 - 导频传输方法、装置、设备及存储介质 - Google Patents

导频传输方法、装置、设备及存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022135587A1
WO2022135587A1 PCT/CN2021/141352 CN2021141352W WO2022135587A1 WO 2022135587 A1 WO2022135587 A1 WO 2022135587A1 CN 2021141352 W CN2021141352 W CN 2021141352W WO 2022135587 A1 WO2022135587 A1 WO 2022135587A1
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Prior art keywords
pilot
target
configuration parameter
target configuration
resource block
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PCT/CN2021/141352
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
袁璞
姜大洁
刘昊
孙布勒
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维沃移动通信有限公司
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Publication of WO2022135587A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022135587A1/zh
Priority to US18/212,709 priority Critical patent/US20230344582A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H04L27/261—Details of reference signals
    • H04L27/2613—Structure of the reference signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H04L27/261—Details of reference signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2626—Arrangements specific to the transmitter only
    • H04L27/2627—Modulators
    • H04L27/2639—Modulators using other transforms, e.g. discrete cosine transforms, Orthogonal Time Frequency and Space [OTFS] or hermetic transforms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2649—Demodulators
    • H04L27/26532—Demodulators using other transforms, e.g. discrete cosine transforms, Orthogonal Time Frequency and Space [OTFS] or hermetic transforms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • H04L5/0051—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver of dedicated pilots, i.e. pilots destined for a single user or terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H04L27/2605—Symbol extensions, e.g. Zero Tail, Unique Word [UW]

Definitions

  • the present application belongs to the field of communication technologies, and in particular relates to a pilot transmission method, apparatus, device and storage medium.
  • the transmitter maps the pilot pulse on the delayed Doppler domain, and the receiver uses the delayed Doppler image analysis of the pilot to estimate
  • the channel response in the delay Doppler domain can be obtained, and then the channel response expression in the time-frequency domain can be obtained, which is convenient for applying the existing technology in the time-frequency domain for signal analysis and processing. frequency is closely related.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a pilot transmission method, apparatus, device, and storage medium, which can solve the problems of excessive pilot overhead or low pilot reliability.
  • a pilot transmission method applied to a target communication device, and the method includes:
  • the pilots are mapped to pilot resource blocks in the delayed Doppler domain for transmission.
  • a pilot transmission device applied to a target communication device, the device includes:
  • a first determining module configured to determine a target configuration parameter of the pilot
  • a first transmission module configured to map the pilot to a pilot resource block in a delayed Doppler domain for transmission based on the target configuration parameter.
  • a target communication device comprising a processor, a memory, and a program or instruction stored on the memory and executable on the processor, when the program or instruction is executed by the processor.
  • a readable storage medium is provided, and a program or an instruction is stored on the readable storage medium, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the pilot transmission method as provided in the first aspect is implemented. step.
  • a fifth aspect provides a chip, the chip includes a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is configured to run a network-side device program or instruction, implementing the method described in the first aspect. Provides the steps of the pilot transmission method.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, the program product is stored in a non-volatile storage medium, and the program product is executed by at least one processor to implement the method according to the first aspect A step of.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device configured to perform the steps of the method described in the first aspect.
  • the influence of the parameter configuration of the pilot on the pilot overhead and reliability is considered, On the premise of ensuring service reliability, the overhead of pilot frequency is reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a wireless communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 2 is a schematic diagram of the mutual conversion between the delay Doppler domain and the time-frequency plane provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a channel response relationship under different planes provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a process flow diagram of a transceiver end of an OTFS multi-carrier system provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • 5 is a schematic diagram of pilot mapping in the delayed Doppler domain provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of pilot position detection on the receiving end side provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a mapping of a multi-port reference signal in the delayed Doppler domain provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of pilot resource multiplexing in the delayed Doppler domain provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of detection of a pilot sequence provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 10 is a schematic diagram of performance comparison of two pilot design schemes provided in an embodiment of the present application under different pilot overhead conditions
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic flowchart of a pilot transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between a pilot base sequence, an orthogonal cover code, and a pilot provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • 13 is a schematic flowchart of inserting pilots in the delayed Doppler domain provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of overlapping and mapping of pilot signal blocks to pilot resource blocks provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 16 is one of the schematic diagrams of the target configuration parameter adjustment method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • 17 is one of the schematic diagrams of the shape of the pilot resource block provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • 18 is the second schematic diagram of the shape of a pilot resource block provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 19 is a third schematic diagram of the shape of a pilot resource block provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a pilot frequency transmission apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a target communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a network side device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a terminal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • first, second and the like in the description and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It is to be understood that the data so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present application can be practiced in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein, and "first”, “second” distinguishes Usually it is a class, and the number of objects is not limited.
  • the first object may be one or multiple.
  • “and/or” in the description and claims indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character “/" generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or” relationship.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • LTE-Advanced LTE-Advanced
  • LTE-A Long Term Evolution-Advanced
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
  • FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • OFDMA Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • SC-FDMA Single-carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access
  • system and “network” in the embodiments of the present application are often used interchangeably, and the described technology can be used not only for the above-mentioned systems and radio technologies, but also for other systems and radio technologies.
  • NR New Radio
  • the following description describes a New Radio (NR) system for example purposes, and uses NR terminology in most of the description below, although these techniques are also applicable to applications other than NR system applications, such as 6th generation ( 6th Generation , 6G) communication system.
  • 6th generation 6th Generation
  • FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a wireless communication system to which the embodiments of the present application can be applied.
  • the wireless communication system includes a terminal 11 and a network-side device 12 .
  • the terminal 11 may also be called a terminal device or a user terminal (User Equipment, UE), and the terminal 11 may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer (Tablet Personal Computer), a laptop computer (Laptop Computer) or a notebook computer, a personal digital computer Assistant (Personal Digital Assistant, PDA), handheld computer, netbook, ultra-mobile personal computer (ultra-mobile personal computer, UMPC), mobile Internet device (Mobile Internet Device, MID), wearable device (Wearable Device) or vehicle-mounted device (VUE), pedestrian terminal (PUE) and other terminal-side devices, wearable devices include: bracelets, headphones, glasses, etc.
  • PDA Personal Digital Assistant
  • the network side device 12 may be a base station or a core network, wherein the base station may be referred to as a Node B, an evolved Node B, an access point, a Base Transceiver Station (BTS), a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a basic service Set (Basic Service Set, BSS), Extended Service Set (Extended Service Set, ESS), Node B, Evolved Node B (eNB), Home Node B, Home Evolved Node B, Wireless Local Area Networks, WLAN) access point, WiFi node, Transmitting Receiving Point (TRP) or some other suitable term in the field, as long as the same technical effect is achieved, the base station is not limited to specific technical vocabulary, it needs to be explained Yes, in the embodiments of the present application, only the base station in the NR system is used as an example, but the specific type of the base station is not limited.
  • BSS Basic Service Set
  • ESS Extended Service Set
  • Node B Evolved Node B
  • eNB
  • Downlink control message Downlink control information, DCI;
  • Physical downlink control channel Physical downlink control channel, PDCCH;
  • Physical downlink shared channel Physical downlink shared channel, PDSCH;
  • Radio resource control RRC
  • Physical broadcast channel Physical broadcast channel, Physical broadcast channel, PBCH;
  • Master message block Master information block, MIB;
  • SIB System message block, System information block, SIB;
  • Resource element Resource element, RE;
  • CDM Code division multiplexing, Code division multiplexing, CDM
  • Orthogonal cover code Orthogonal cover code, OCC
  • OFDM Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
  • Bit error rate Bit error rate, BER
  • Bit error rate Block error rate
  • BLER Block error rate
  • ISI Inter-symbol interference
  • ICI Inter-carrier interference
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • CP cyclic prefix
  • the Orthogonal Time Frequency Space (OTFS) technology is proposed to solve the above problems in the OFDM system.
  • the OTFS technique defines the transformation between the delay Doppler domain and the time-frequency domain.
  • the delay and Doppler characteristics of the channel are captured by designing pilots in the delayed Doppler domain, and the guard interval is designed to avoid OFDM.
  • the pilot contamination problem caused by the ICI in the system makes the channel estimation more accurate and helps the receiving end to improve the success rate of data decoding.
  • a guard interval is required around the pilot symbol located in the delayed Doppler domain, and the size of the guard interval is related to the channel characteristics.
  • the present application dynamically adjusts the size of the guard interval of the pilot symbol according to the channel characteristics, so as to ensure that the pilot overhead is approximately minimized under the premise of satisfying the system design, avoiding that the worst-case band is always considered in the traditional scheme. The problem of wasting resources.
  • the delay and Doppler characteristics of the channel are essentially determined by the multipath channel. Signals arriving at the receiver through different paths have different arrival times because of differences in propagation paths. For example, two echoes s 1 and s 2 respectively travel distances d 1 and d 2 to reach the receiving end, then the time difference between them arriving at the receiving end is:
  • the Doppler effect is due to the relative velocities at the two ends of the transceiver, and the signals arriving at the receiving end through different paths have different incident angles with respect to the antenna normal, thus causing the difference in relative velocities, which in turn causes the Doppler effects of signals on different paths.
  • the frequency shift is different. It is assumed that the original frequency of the signal is f 0 , the relative velocity of the transceiver is ⁇ v, and the angle between the signal and the normal incidence of the antenna at the receiving end is ⁇ . Then there are:
  • the signal received by the receiving end is the superposition of component signals with different time delays and Dopplers from different paths, and the whole is embodied as a received signal with fading and frequency shift relative to the original signal.
  • the delay Doppler analysis of the channel is helpful to collect the delay Doppler information of each path, so as to reflect the delay Doppler response of the channel.
  • OTFS modulation technology Orthogonal Time-Frequency Spatial Domain Modulation.
  • This technology logically maps the information in a data packet of size M ⁇ N, such as Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) symbols, to an M ⁇ N lattice point in the two-dimensional delay Doppler domain. , that is, the pulses within each lattice point modulate one QAM symbol in the packet.
  • QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the mutual conversion between the delayed Doppler domain and the time-frequency plane provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • ISFFT Inverse Sympetic Fast Fourier Transform
  • SFFT Sympletic Fast Fourier Transform
  • the OTFS technology transforms the time-varying multipath channel into a time-invariant two-dimensional delay Doppler domain channel (within a certain duration), which directly reflects the relative relationship between the reflectors between the transceivers in the wireless link.
  • the channel delay Doppler response characteristic caused by the geometry of the location.
  • the advantage of this is that OTFS eliminates the difficulty of tracking the time-varying fading characteristics of traditional time-frequency domain analysis, and instead extracts all the diversity characteristics of the time-frequency domain channel through delay Doppler domain analysis.
  • the channel impulse response matrix represented by the delayed Doppler domain is sparse because the number of delay paths and Doppler frequency shifts of the channel is much smaller than the number of time domain and frequency domain responses of the channel.
  • Using the OTFS technology to analyze the sparse channel matrix in the delay Doppler domain can make the packaging of reference signals more compact and flexible, which is especially beneficial to support large antenna arrays in massive MIMO systems.
  • the core of OTFS modulation is to define QAM symbols in the delayed Doppler domain, transform them into the time-frequency domain for transmission, and then return to the delayed Doppler domain for processing at the receiving end. Therefore, a wireless channel response analysis method in the delayed Doppler domain can be introduced.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of channel response relationships in different planes provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 shows the relationship between expressions of channel responses in different planes when a signal passes through a linear time-varying wireless channel.
  • Equation (6) implies that the analysis of the delay Doppler domain in the OTFS system can be realized by relying on the existing communication framework established in the time-frequency domain and adding additional signal processing processes at the transceiver end. Moreover, the additional signal processing only consists of Fourier transform, which can be completely implemented by existing hardware without adding new modules. This good compatibility with the existing hardware system greatly facilitates the application of the OTFS system. In an actual system, the OTFS technology can be easily implemented as a pre- and post-processing module of a filtered OFDM system, so it has good compatibility with the existing multi-carrier system.
  • the implementation of the transmitter is as follows:
  • the QAM symbols containing the information to be transmitted are carried by the waveform in the delayed Doppler domain, and undergo a two-dimensional inverse symplectic Fourier transform (Inverse Sympetic Fast Finite Fourier Transform, ISFFT), converted to the waveform of the time-frequency domain plane in the traditional multi-carrier system, and then through the symbol-level one-dimensional inverse fast Fourier transform (Inverse Fast Fourier Transform, IFFT) and serial-parallel conversion, become time-domain sampling points send out.
  • ISFFT Inverse Sympetic Fast Finite Fourier Transform
  • IFFT inverse Fast Fourier Transform
  • serial-parallel conversion serial-parallel conversion
  • the receiving end of the OTFS system is roughly an inverse process of the sending end: after the time domain sampling points are received by the receiving end, they undergo parallel transformation and symbol-level one-dimensional Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), and then transform to the time
  • FFT Fast Fourier Transform
  • the waveform on the frequency domain plane is then converted into a waveform on the delayed Doppler domain plane through a two-dimensional symplectic Fourier transform (Sympletic Finite Fourier Transform, SFFT), and then the QAM symbols carried by the delayed Doppler domain waveform are processed.
  • Processing at the receiving end including but not limited to channel estimation and equalization, demodulation and decoding, etc.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a processing flow of a transceiver end of an OTFS multi-carrier system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • OTFS modulation converts a time-varying fading channel in the time-frequency domain between transceivers into a deterministic fading-free channel in the delay-Doppler domain.
  • each symbol in a set of information symbols sent at a time experiences the same static channel response and SNR.
  • the OTFS system analyzes the reflectors in the physical channel by delaying the Doppler image, and uses the receive equalizer to coherently combine the energy from different reflection paths, which actually provides a static channel response without fading.
  • the OTFS system does not need to introduce closed-loop channel adaptation to cope with the fast-changing channel like the OFDM system, thus improving the system robustness and reducing the complexity of system design.
  • the channel in the OTFS system can be expressed in a very compact form.
  • the channel estimation overhead of the OTFS system is less and more accurate.
  • OTFS Another advantage of OTFS is to deal with extreme Doppler channels. Through the analysis of delayed Doppler images with appropriate signal processing parameters, the Doppler characteristics of the channel will be fully presented, which is beneficial for signal analysis and processing in Doppler-sensitive scenarios such as high-speed movement and millimeter waves.
  • a new method can be adopted for channel estimation in the OTFS system.
  • the transmitter maps the pilot pulse on the delayed Doppler domain, and the receiver uses the delayed Doppler image analysis of the pilot to estimate the channel response h( ⁇ , ⁇ ) in the delayed Doppler domain, which can then be determined according to Fig.
  • the relationship shown in 3 obtains the channel response expression in the time-frequency domain, which is convenient for signal analysis and processing using the existing technology in the time-frequency domain.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of pilot mapping in the delayed Doppler domain provided by an embodiment of the present application; as shown in FIG. 5 , it is a mode that can be used for pilot mapping in the delayed Doppler domain.
  • l p , k p single-point pilots (small squares labeled 1), surrounded by guard symbols with an area of (2l ⁇ +1)(4k ⁇ +1)-1 (no shadows), and MN-(2l ⁇ +1)(4k ⁇ +1) data part (area other than the guard symbol).
  • the area of the guard symbol should meet the following conditions:
  • ⁇ max and ⁇ max are the maximum delay and maximum Doppler shift of all paths in the channel, respectively.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of pilot position detection on the receiving end side provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the main process of pilot position detection is: OFDN demodulator ⁇ SFFT symplectic Fourier transform ⁇ pilot detection ⁇ Channel estimation ⁇ Decoder; the receiving end converts the received time domain sampling points into the QAM symbols in the delayed Doppler domain through the process of OFDM demodulator and OTFS transformation (SFFT in the figure), and then uses the threshold-based signal Power detection determines where the pilot pulse is located.
  • the power of the pilot pulse at the receiving end is much larger than the data power, and because the pilot pulse and the data symbol experience exactly the same fading; therefore, the power detection It is easy to determine the pilot location.
  • FIG. 5 corresponds to a single-port scenario, that is, only one set of reference signals needs to be sent.
  • multiple antenna ports are often used to transmit multi-stream data at the same time, so as to make full use of the spatial freedom of the antennas to achieve the purpose of obtaining spatial diversity gain or improving system throughput.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of mapping of a multi-port reference signal in the delayed Doppler domain provided by an embodiment of the present application; when multiple antenna ports exist, multiple pilots need to be mapped and then in the delayed Doppler domain, so the result shown in FIG. 7 pilot mapping methods.
  • each pilot signal adopts the form in FIG. 5 , that is, the mode of the center point impulse signal plus the protection symbols on both sides.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of pilot resource multiplexing in the delayed Doppler domain provided by an embodiment of the present application; it can be seen that although single-port transmission has the advantages of less resource occupation and simple detection algorithm. However, for a communication system with multiple antenna ports, since the scheme of single-point pilot plus guard band cannot perform resource multiplexing, the overhead will increase linearly. Therefore, for the multi-antenna system, the pilot mapping scheme as shown in Figure 8 is proposed.
  • the pilot does not exist in the form of a single-point pulse, but a two-dimensional resource that is constructed based on a PN sequence generated in a specific way and mapped to the delayed Doppler domain according to a specific rule.
  • the resource position occupied by the pilot sequence that is, the shaded part with the oblique line, may be referred to as a pilot resource block.
  • the unshaded area next to the pilot resource block is the pilot guard band, which consists of blank resource elements that do not transmit any signal/data. Similar to the aforementioned single-point pilot, a guard band is also provided around its periphery to avoid mutual interference with data.
  • the calculation method of the guard band width is the same as that in the single-point pilot mapping mode in Figure 5.
  • the difference is that in the resource part mapped by the pilot sequence, the pilot signals of different ports can be generated by selecting sequences with low correlation, superimposing and mapping on the same resource, and then performing the pilot sequence mapping at the receiving end through a specific algorithm. detection, thereby distinguishing pilots corresponding to different antenna ports. Due to complete resource multiplexing at the transmitting end, the pilot overhead in a multi-antenna port system can be greatly reduced.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of detection of a pilot sequence provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 9 , a detection method based on a sequence pilot is presented. Similar to the aforementioned scenario in Figure 5, at the receiving end, due to the different delays and Doppler frequency shifts of the two paths of the channel, the received pilot signal block is shifted to the slanted shaded part of the figure in the delay Doppler as a whole. (ie, the square numbered 2 and the 8 squares adjacent to it, and the square numbered 3 and the 8 squares adjacent to this square).
  • the sliding window detection operation is performed in the delayed Doppler domain. It is known that the sliding window detection operation result M(R,S)[ ⁇ , ⁇ ] has the following properties when N P ⁇ + ⁇ (the probability that the following formula holds is close to 1):
  • the detection opportunity calculates an energy peak, which is presented in the delay Doppler domain. ( ⁇ 0 , ⁇ 0 ) position of , that is, the positions of the small squares labeled 2 and 3 in the figure.
  • the receiver can obtain the correct pilot position according to the value of M(R,S), that is, obtain the delay and Doppler information of the channel. At the same time, the amplitude value of the channel is obtained by the detection operation value is given.
  • pilot sequence Compared with the scheme of FIG. 7 (referred to as pilot pulse), the scheme of FIG. 8 (referred to as pilot sequence) has advantages and disadvantages.
  • the advantages of the pilot sequence scheme are:
  • the overhead of the pilot guard interval is limited, and it is not enough to fully cover the possible delay and Doppler shift of the channel.
  • the pilot sequence scheme still shows acceptable performance, while the pilot The pulsed scheme suffers a large performance penalty.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of performance comparison of two pilot frequency design schemes provided in an embodiment of the present application under different pilot frequency overhead conditions, as shown in FIG. 10 .
  • the broken lines with diamond and circular lattices in the figure are the performance curves of the pilot sequence scheme based on different detection algorithms, and the broken lines with square lattices are the performance curves of the pilot pulse scheme. It can be seen that in the special scenario shown in the figure (the channel delay and Doppler shift are large), even if the pilot overhead reaches 60%, the performance of the pilot pulse scheme is still far worse than that of the pilot sequence scheme.
  • the present application provides a pilot transmission method and device; the following describes the pilot transmission method provided by the embodiments of the present application in detail through specific embodiments and application scenarios with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic flowchart of a pilot transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the pilot transmission method is applied to a target communication device. As shown in FIG. 11 , the pilot transmission method includes the following steps:
  • Step 1100 determining the target configuration parameter of the pilot
  • Step 1110 Based on the target configuration parameter, map the pilot to a pilot resource block in the delayed Doppler domain for transmission.
  • the embodiments of the present application may configure pilots and then map them to delayed Doppler frequencies.
  • the transmission is performed on pilot resource blocks in the LE domain.
  • an appropriate target configuration parameter can be determined first, such as the length of the pilot, or the transmission power of the pilot.
  • the target number of overlapping pilots can also be determined. , configure pilots based on at least one of the above parameters, generate pilots and map them to pilot resource blocks in the delayed Doppler domain for transmission, so as to reduce pilot overhead as much as possible while ensuring pilot detection reliability.
  • the pilots can be generated using common sequences.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between a pilot base sequence, an orthogonal cover code, and a pilot provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 12 , orthogonal processing is performed on the pilot base sequence through the orthogonal cover code. , the pilot can be obtained.
  • the general method for constructing a pilot is as follows:
  • the pilot base sequence includes: a PN sequence, or a ZC (Zadoff-chu) sequence.
  • the pilot base sequence may include, but is not limited to, a PN sequence, or a ZC sequence, or other similar sequences.
  • the PN sequence can include the following sequences: M sequence, Gold sequence, Kasami sequence, Barker sequence, etc.
  • the pilot frequency base sequence may be modulated to obtain a pilot frequency sequence to obtain a pilot frequency.
  • OCC Orthogonal Complementary Code, orthogonal complementary code
  • orthogonal complementary code Orthogonal complementary code
  • the pilot may be inserted at the transmitting end.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic flowchart of inserting pilots in the delayed Doppler domain according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the general processing flow of pilot insertion at the transmitting end is as follows: the information bits of the data are coded and modulated to generate modulation symbols in the delayed Doppler domain.
  • the pilot and data symbols are mapped onto a grid in the delayed Doppler domain (similar to the OFDM grid in the time-frequency domain), and each grid cell is called a resource element (RE) in the delayed Doppler domain.
  • the REs of the pilot and data are orthogonal, and a guard interval is added in the middle to avoid mutual interference at the receiving end.
  • pilot sequence and data are modulated separately, and then placed in the pilot resource block in the same delay Doppler domain. Pilots and data occupy orthogonal resources and are separated by guard bands.
  • the resource blocks in the entire delayed Doppler domain containing pilots and data are transformed to the time-frequency domain by ISFFT, and then converted into time-domain signals for transmission by OFDM-like processing.
  • the influence of the parameter configuration of the pilot on the pilot overhead and reliability is considered, On the premise of ensuring service reliability, the overhead of pilot frequency is reduced.
  • the target configuration parameters of the pilot frequency include:
  • the target length of the pilot and the target transmit power of the pilot are the target length of the pilot and the target transmit power of the pilot.
  • the pilot signal detection performance is closely related to the pilot. It can be seen from formula (7) that the longer the pilot frequency is, the more accurate the detection of the pilot frequency signal is. And the larger the SINR of the pilot signal, the more accurate the detection of the pilot signal.
  • the pilot frequency cannot transmit a large amount of information, it is essentially an overhead.
  • Increasing the pilot frequency and increasing the transmission power of the pilot further increase the resource overhead and energy overhead of the pilot, respectively. Therefore, a balance between pilot detection reliability and overhead can be pursued, and a more appropriate target length of the pilot and target transmit power of the pilot can be determined.
  • increasing the length of the pilot sequence not only increases the overhead of the pilot signal itself, but also increases the overhead of the pilot guard band, which increases resource occupation.
  • increasing the resources used for pilot frequency and its guard band will inevitably reduce the resources used for data, resulting in the transmission of the same information bits, the data part will be forced to Increasing the coding rate or modulation order may affect the reliability of data decoding.
  • pilot sequence lengths and pilot transmission powers can be used to optimize the performance.
  • the target length of the pilot and the target transmit power of the pilot may be determined for configuring the pilot.
  • the communication peer of the target communication device is a terminal or a network side device
  • the network side transmits information to the terminal
  • the terminal transmits information to the network side
  • the terminal transmits information to the terminal
  • determine The target length of the pilot and the target transmit power of the pilot are used to configure the pilot.
  • the pilot when mapped to the pilot resource block in the delayed Doppler domain, it can be single-point mapping, that is, each pilot has One-to-one corresponding pilot resource blocks, and multiple pilots do not overlap.
  • the target configuration parameters of the pilot frequency include:
  • the target length of the pilot and the target number of overlapping mappings for the pilot are the target length of the pilot and the target number of overlapping mappings for the pilot.
  • pilots corresponding to different antenna ports can be placed overlappingly, that is, they can be overlapped and mapped on one or more pilot resource blocks.
  • the signal-to-noise ratio can be defined as as a constant. Assume that k pilots are placed overlapping each other, each with a power of p. When processing a certain pilot, other pilots can be regarded as interference, and the received signal-to-interference-to-noise ratio of the pilot is:
  • the received signal-to-interference-to-noise ratio of the pilot is:
  • the SNR improvement at the receiving end is:
  • the performance of receiver pilot detection can be improved by adjusting the number of overlapping pilots, that is, the number of k in the SINR expression.
  • the target length of the pilot and the target number of overlapping mappings of the pilot may be determined for configuring the pilot.
  • the target length of the pilot frequency and the target overlapped mapping number of the pilot frequency can be determined. number used to configure the pilot.
  • the pilot when the pilot is mapped to the pilot resource block in the delayed Doppler domain, it can be overlapping mapping, that is, one or more antennas.
  • the pilot frequency corresponding to the port is mapped on multiple pilot frequency resource blocks.
  • the pilot frequency corresponding to one antenna port is only mapped to one pilot frequency resource block for transmission, and one or more different pilot frequency resource blocks can be mapped on one pilot frequency resource block. Pilots corresponding to the antenna ports.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of overlapping and mapping pilot signal blocks to pilot resource blocks provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • pilot sequences corresponding to multiple antenna ports may be mapped to one or more pilots on the resource block. Therefore, one or more pilot resource blocks can be determined in the delay Doppler domain, and then the pilots corresponding to multiple antenna ports are mapped to the pilot resource blocks for transmission.
  • the mapping manner may be determined according to a certain rule, and the rule may be specified in a protocol or preset by the system. And it can be flexibly adjusted according to channel state changes.
  • some information can be selectively carried, so as to achieve the purpose of using the pilot frequency to transmit information and reduce overhead.
  • the method further includes:
  • the first feedback information is obtained after the communication peer deciphers the data packet to obtain decoding related information.
  • target configuration parameters for pilots may be adjusted to determine optimal or better target configuration parameters.
  • the target configuration parameter that needs to be adjusted for the pilot may be determined.
  • the decoding-related information may be the BER, or may be similar information in the decoding result.
  • parameters that can be observed by the receiver such as the BER of the decoding result, can be used to indirectly evaluate the accuracy of the channel estimation.
  • the metric used to judge whether the pilot parameters are appropriate may be BER, that is, the decoding related information may be BER.
  • the BER of the data decoded by the receiver depends on the accuracy of the channel estimation and can be directly determined by the configuration parameters of the pilot, such as the length of the pilot and the power of the pilot. Let bler(l,s).
  • the target BER based on a given current service is ⁇
  • the BER of the decoded data by the receiver depends on the accuracy of the channel estimation, which can also be directly determined by the length of the pilot and the number of overlapping pilots, which can be denoted as bler. (l,k). Where l is the pilot length, and k is the number of pilots.
  • the target BER of the current service is ⁇
  • the first feedback information includes:
  • the target configuration parameter adjustment indication information is obtained after the communication peer determines that the target configuration parameter needs to be adjusted based on the decoding related information; the target configuration The parameter adjustment indication information is used to indicate the adjustment target configuration parameter.
  • the first feedback information since the first feedback information is obtained after the communication peer decodes the data packet to obtain decoding related information, the first feedback information may be directly decoding related information, that is, the communication peer of the target communication device may directly sending the decoding-related information to the target communication device, so that the target communication device determines whether the target configuration parameters of the pilot need to be adjusted based on the decoding-related information;
  • the first feedback information may also be: the communication peer determines that the pilot frequency needs to be adjusted based on the decoding related information.
  • the target configuration parameter adjustment instruction information is sent to the target communication device, and the target configuration parameter adjustment instruction information is used to instruct the target communication device to adjust the target configuration parameters, so that the target communication device receives the target configuration parameter adjustment instruction information. , and determine the target configuration parameters that need to be adjusted for the pilot.
  • the decoding-related information may be the BER, or may be similar information in the decoding result.
  • determining that the target configuration parameter needs to be adjusted based on decoding-related information including:
  • the decoding-related information is greater than a first preset threshold, it is determined that the target configuration parameter needs to be adjusted.
  • the target value of the decoding related information may be preset by the system or specified in the protocol. When it is determined that the decoding related information is greater than the first preset threshold, it may be determined that the target configuration parameter needs to be adjusted.
  • the decoding-related information may be determined by the length of the pilot and the power of the pilot. Taking the decoding-related information as BER as an example, it may be denoted as bler(l, s).
  • the target BER of the current service can be preset to be ⁇ , that is, the first preset threshold, then it is only necessary to select the smallest l and s that satisfy ber(l,s) ⁇ as the target configuration parameters to maximize the The overhead is saved, therefore, the target configuration parameters can be adjusted when it is determined that ber(l,s)> ⁇ is found.
  • the decoding-related information may be determined by the length of the pilots and the number of overlapping pilots. Taking the decoding-related information as BER as an example, it may be denoted as bler(l, k).
  • the BER of the decoded data by the receiver may also depend on the accuracy of the channel estimation, which may also be directly determined by the length of the pilot and the number of overlapping pilots, which can be recorded as Let bler(l,k). Where l is the pilot length, and k is the number of pilots.
  • the target BER of the current service can be preset to be ⁇ , that is, the first preset threshold, then it is only necessary to select the minimum l and the maximum k that satisfy ber(l,k) ⁇ as the target configuration parameters to maximize Therefore, the target configuration parameters can be adjusted when it is judged that ber(l,k)> ⁇ is found.
  • the target configuration parameter for adjusting the pilot frequency includes:
  • the target configuration parameter table is predetermined by the protocol.
  • a rule for selecting target configuration parameters in the delayed Doppler domain in this embodiment may be determined.
  • the protocol can specify a target configuration parameter table known to the transceiver, which specifies all possible combinations of target configuration parameters; after that, the target communication device can select the target configuration parameters of the pilot based on the target configuration parameter table. and adjustment.
  • the target configuration parameter for adjusting the pilot frequency includes:
  • the preset adjustment value is pre-specified in the protocol.
  • the protocol may specify a preset adjustment value known to the transceiver, which specifies the increment or decrement when the target configuration parameter is adjusted each time; power increase.
  • the target communication device may select and adjust the target configuration parameter of the pilot based on the preset adjustment value.
  • the adjusting the target configuration parameter of the pilot frequency includes:
  • the target transmit power of the pilot is increased.
  • the target configuration parameter table may be a pilot length and power indication table, as shown in Table 1 below:
  • Table 1 is only used as an example of the target configuration parameter table, and is not used as a limitation on the target configuration parameter table.
  • all target transmit powers corresponding to the current target length of the pilot may be searched in the target configuration parameter table, and a target transmit power greater than the current target transmit power may be determined.
  • the current target length of the pilot is l 1
  • the transmit power corresponding to the pilot length and the power indication table includes: p 1 , p 2 , p 3 ,...; where p 1 ⁇ p 2 ⁇ p 3 ⁇ ... If the current target length of the pilot is l 1 and the current target transmit power is p 1 , if it is judged that the target configuration parameter needs to be adjusted, the target transmit power can be adjusted to p 2 ; optionally, it can also be adjusted to p 3 ;
  • the target when adjusting and increasing the target transmit power of the pilot based on the target configuration parameter table and the target length of the pilot, the target can be sequentially increased in order of the transmit power in the target configuration parameter table from small to large.
  • the transmit power can also be any target transmit power that is larger than the current one, and the target transmit power can be increased based on one or more intervals in the order of the transmit power in the target configuration parameter table from small to large. This implementation The example does not limit this.
  • the adjusting the target configuration parameter of the pilot frequency includes:
  • the target transmit power of the pilot is increased.
  • the current target transmit power may be adjusted based on the current target length of the pilot and a preset adjustment value.
  • the current target length of the pilot is l 1
  • the current target transmit power is p 1
  • the preset adjustment value is a
  • a is a positive number. If it is determined that the target configuration parameter needs to be adjusted, the target transmit power can be adjusted to p 1 +n ⁇ a; where n ⁇ 1.
  • the method further includes:
  • the second preset threshold includes: a preset value, or the maximum transmit power corresponding to the target length of the pilot in the target configuration parameter table.
  • the pilot frequency when the pilot frequency is single-point mapping, after the target configuration parameters of the pilot frequency are adjusted, it can be transmitted to the communication peer end together with the data, and the decoding related information can be obtained after the communication peer end decodes it.
  • the second feedback information is sent to the target communication device based on the decoding related information.
  • the first feedback information and the second feedback information and the manner of acquiring the two are similar.
  • the second feedback information includes:
  • the target configuration parameter adjustment indication information is obtained after the communication peer determines that the target configuration parameter needs to be adjusted based on the decoding related information; the target configuration The parameter adjustment indication information is used to indicate the adjustment target configuration parameter.
  • the second feedback information since the second feedback information is obtained after the communication peer decodes the data packet to obtain decoding related information, the second feedback information may be directly decoding related information, that is, the communication peer of the target communication device may directly sending the decoding-related information to the target communication device, so that the target communication device determines whether the target configuration parameters of the pilot need to be adjusted based on the decoding-related information;
  • the second feedback information may also be: the communication peer determines that the pilot frequency needs to be adjusted based on the decoding related information.
  • the target configuration parameter adjustment instruction information is sent to the target communication device, and the target configuration parameter adjustment instruction information is used to instruct the target communication device to adjust the target configuration parameters, so that the target communication device receives the target configuration parameter adjustment instruction information. , and determine the target configuration parameters that need to be adjusted for the pilot.
  • the decoding-related information may be the BER, or may be similar information in the decoding result.
  • the target configuration parameters of the pilot need to be adjusted, including:
  • determining that the target configuration parameter needs to be adjusted based on decoding-related information including:
  • the decoding-related information is greater than a first preset threshold, it is determined that the target configuration parameter needs to be adjusted.
  • the target value of the decoding related information may be preset by the system or specified in the protocol. When it is determined that the decoding related information is greater than the first preset threshold, it may be determined that the target configuration parameter needs to be adjusted.
  • the decoding-related information may be determined by the length of the pilot and the power of the pilot. Taking the decoding-related information as BER as an example, it may be denoted as bler(l, s).
  • the target BER of the current service can be preset to be ⁇ , that is, the first preset threshold, then it is only necessary to select the smallest l and s that satisfy ber(l,s) ⁇ as the target configuration parameters to maximize the The overhead is saved, therefore, the target configuration parameters can be adjusted when it is determined that ber(l,s)> ⁇ is found.
  • the target configuration parameter of the pilot can be adjusted continuously, for example, the target transmit power of the pilot can be continuously increased.
  • the method further includes:
  • the target length of the pilot is increased.
  • the second preset threshold value of the target transmission power of the pilot frequency corresponds to the target length of the pilot frequency, and the length of each pilot frequency may be different or the same as the second preset threshold value of the corresponding target transmission power.
  • the target transmission power of the pilot is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold under the condition that the target length of the pilot remains unchanged, it can be considered that the transmission performance is already optimal under the current target level of the pilot.
  • the target length of the pilot can be adjusted, for example, the target length of the pilot can be increased.
  • the target transmit power of the pilot is less than the second preset threshold, if the target transmit power of the pilot is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, it can be considered that the transmission performance is already optimal under the current target level of the pilot, but since the target configuration parameters of the pilot still need to be adjusted, the target length of the pilot can be adjusted.
  • the target transmit power of the pilot may be re-determined, for example, based on a target configuration parameter table, or based on system presets or protocol regulations, or an arbitrary value.
  • the method further includes:
  • the pilot's configuration parameters are adjusted based on the foregoing content.
  • the target length and/or the target transmit power of the pilot are adjusted.
  • the current target length of the pilot is l 1
  • its corresponding transmit power in the pilot length and power indication table includes: p 1 , p 2 , p 3 , and p 4 ; where p 1 ⁇ p 2 ⁇ p 3 ⁇ p 4 ; If the current target length of the pilot is l 1 and the current target transmit power is adjusted to the maximum p 4 , if it is judged that the target configuration parameter still needs to be adjusted, the current target length of the pilot can be increased, for example, the pilot's current target length can be increased.
  • the target length is l 2 , and l 2 >l 1 ; and so on, until it is judged that the target configuration parameters do not need to be adjusted.
  • FIG. 15 is one of the schematic diagrams of the target configuration parameter adjustment method provided by the embodiment of the present application; as shown in FIG. 15 , the pilot parameter selection process may be as follows:
  • the target communication device initially selects the pilot frequency with the least resource occupied and the data is multiplexed in the same delay Doppler resource block for transmission.
  • the communication peer needs to know the configuration of the pilot.
  • the configuration mode that the communication peer knows about the pilot frequency can be:
  • the communication peer decodes the current data packets of a certain/several time slots, and counts the BER.
  • a second feedback message is sent to the transmitter according to the BER.
  • the second feedback information includes:
  • the target configuration parameter adjustment indication information is obtained after the communication peer determines that the target configuration parameter needs to be adjusted based on the decoding related information; the target configuration The parameter adjustment indication information is used to indicate the adjustment target configuration parameter.
  • the target communication device decides whether to adjust the pilot parameters according to the received second feedback message.
  • the corresponding target transmit power can be adjusted first based on the target length of the current pilot
  • the target transmit power of the pilot is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, and if so, the target length 1 of the pilot can be increased, and it needs to be adjusted next time.
  • the target parameter of the pilot is configured, the corresponding target transmit power is adjusted based on the increased target length l of the pilot.
  • pilots may continue to be sent according to the updated pilot parameters.
  • the above processes 2) to 5) are repeated cyclically until it is determined that the target configuration parameters can no longer be adjusted.
  • the adjusting the target configuration parameter of the pilot frequency includes:
  • the number of target overlapping mappings of the pilot is reduced.
  • the target configuration parameter table may be a pilot length and overlapping number indication table, as shown in Table 2 below:
  • the target configuration parameter table determines that the target overlapping mapping number is smaller than the current target overlapping mapping number. number.
  • the current target length of the pilot is l 1
  • the number of target overlapping mappings corresponding to the pilot length and overlapping number indication table includes: k 1 , k 2 , k 3 ,...; where k 1 >k 2 >k 3 >...; if the current target length of the pilot is l 1 , and the current number of target overlapping mappings is k 1 , if it is determined that the target configuration parameters need to be adjusted, the number of target overlapping mappings can be adjusted to k 2 ; Optionally, it can also be adjusted to k 3 ;
  • the number of target overlapping mappings in the target configuration parameter table can be in descending order, Decrease the number of target overlapped mappings of pilots in turn, or choose a smaller number of target overlapped mappings to reduce pilots than the current one, or follow the order of the number of target overlapped mappings in the target configuration parameter table from large to small.
  • the number of target overlapped mappings of pilots is reduced based on the regularity of one or more intervals, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the adjusting the target configuration parameter of the pilot frequency includes:
  • the number of target overlapping mappings of the pilot is reduced.
  • the number of target overlapping mappings for the pilot can be reduced. number.
  • the current target length of the pilot is l 1
  • the current target transmit power is k 1
  • the preset adjustment value is b
  • b is a positive number. If it is determined that the target configuration parameter needs to be adjusted, the target transmit power can be adjusted to k 1 -m ⁇ b; where m ⁇ 1.
  • the method further includes:
  • the third preset threshold includes: a preset value, or the minimum number of overlapping mappings corresponding to the target length of the pilot in the target configuration parameter table.
  • the pilot frequency is an overlapping mapping
  • the target configuration parameters of the pilot frequency after the target configuration parameters of the pilot frequency are adjusted, it can be transmitted to the communication peer end together with the data, and the decoding related information can be obtained after decoding by the communication peer end, and based on The decoding related information sends third feedback information to the target communication device.
  • the first feedback information and the third feedback information and the manner in which they are obtained are similar.
  • the third feedback information includes:
  • the target configuration parameter adjustment indication information is obtained after the communication peer determines that the target configuration parameter needs to be adjusted based on the decoding related information; the target configuration The parameter adjustment indication information is used to indicate the adjustment target configuration parameter.
  • the third feedback information since the third feedback information is obtained after the communication peer decodes the data packet to obtain decoding related information, the third feedback information may be directly decoding related information, that is, the communication peer of the target communication device may directly sending the decoding-related information to the target communication device, so that the target communication device determines whether the target configuration parameters of the pilot need to be adjusted based on the decoding-related information;
  • the third feedback information may also be: the communication peer determines that the pilot frequency needs to be adjusted based on the decoding related information.
  • the target configuration parameter adjustment instruction information is sent to the target communication device, and the target configuration parameter adjustment instruction information is used to instruct the target communication device to adjust the target configuration parameters, so that the target communication device receives the target configuration parameter adjustment instruction information. , and determine the target configuration parameters that need to be adjusted for the pilot.
  • the decoding-related information may be the BER, or may be similar information in the decoding result.
  • the target configuration parameters of the pilot need to be adjusted, including:
  • determining that the target configuration parameter needs to be adjusted based on decoding-related information including:
  • the decoding-related information is greater than a first preset threshold, it is determined that the target configuration parameter needs to be adjusted.
  • the target value of the decoding related information may be preset by the system or specified in the protocol. When it is determined that the decoding related information is greater than the first preset threshold, it may be determined that the target configuration parameter needs to be adjusted.
  • the decoding-related information may be determined by the length of the pilot and the number of overlapping mappings of the pilots. Taking the decoding-related information as BER as an example, it may be denoted as bler(l, k). Where l is the pilot length, and k is the number of pilots.
  • the target BER of the current service can be preset to be ⁇ , that is, the first preset threshold, then it is only necessary to select the minimum l and the maximum k that satisfy ber(l,k) ⁇ as the target configuration parameters to maximize Therefore, the target configuration parameters can be adjusted when it is judged that ber(l,k)> ⁇ is found.
  • the target configuration parameter of the pilot can be adjusted continuously, for example, the target overlapping mapping number of the pilot can be continuously reduced.
  • the method further includes:
  • the target length of the pilot is increased.
  • the third preset threshold of the number of target overlapping mappings of the pilot corresponds to the target length of the pilot, and the length of each pilot may be different from the third preset threshold of the number of corresponding target overlapping mappings. , can also be the same.
  • the target length of the pilot is unchanged, and the number of target overlapping mappings of the pilot is less than or equal to the third preset threshold, it can be considered that the transmission performance has been in the current target level of the pilot. It is optimal. If better than the current transmission performance is required, the target length of the pilot can be adjusted, for example, the target length of the pilot can be increased.
  • the target configuration parameters of the pilot need to be adjusted based on the received third feedback information
  • the target number of overlapping mappings for the pilot can be re-determined, for example, based on the target configuration parameter table, or based on system presets or protocol regulations, or an arbitrary value.
  • the method further includes:
  • the pilot's configuration parameters are adjusted based on the foregoing content.
  • the target length and/or the number of target overlapped mappings for pilots are adjusted.
  • the current target length of the pilot is l 1
  • the number of overlapping mappings corresponding to the target configuration parameter table includes: k 1 , k 2 , k 3 , k 4 ; where k 1 >k 2 >k 3 >k 4 ; If the current target length of the pilot is l 1 , and the number of current target overlapping mappings is adjusted to the minimum k 4 , if it is judged that the target configuration parameters still need to be adjusted, the current target length of the pilot can be increased, for example, the pilot The target length of is l 2 , l 2 >l 1 ; and so on, until it is judged that the target configuration parameters do not need to be adjusted.
  • Figure 16 is the second schematic diagram of the target configuration parameter adjustment method provided by the embodiment of the present application; as shown in Figure 16, the pilot parameter selection process may be as follows:
  • the target communication device initially selects the pilot length with the least occupied resources, and the number of overlapped pilots corresponding to the maximum pilot length, multiplexed with data and sent in the same delay Doppler resource block.
  • the communication peer needs to know the configuration of the pilot.
  • the configuration mode that the communication peer knows about the pilot frequency can be:
  • the communication peer decodes the current data packets of a certain/several time slots, and counts the BER.
  • a third feedback message is sent to the transmitter according to the BER.
  • the third feedback information includes:
  • the target configuration parameter adjustment indication information is obtained after the communication peer determines that the target configuration parameter needs to be adjusted based on the decoding related information; the target configuration The parameter adjustment indication information is used to indicate the adjustment target configuration parameter.
  • the target communication device decides whether to adjust the target configuration parameter according to the received third feedback message.
  • the number of corresponding target overlapping mappings can be adjusted first based on the target length of the current pilot
  • the target configuration parameter of the pilot After determining that the target configuration parameter of the pilot needs to be adjusted, it can also be judged whether the target overlapped mapping number of the pilot is less than or equal to the third preset threshold, and if so, the target length 1 of the pilot can be increased, and the next time After the target configuration parameters of the pilot need to be adjusted, based on the increased target length l of the pilot, the corresponding number of target overlapping mappings is adjusted.
  • pilots may be continuously configured and sent according to the updated target configuration parameters.
  • the above processes 2)-5) are repeated cyclically until it is determined that the target configuration parameters can no longer be adjusted.
  • the method further includes:
  • the target configuration parameter is indicated to the communication peer.
  • the target configuration parameter may be indicated to the communication peer, so that the communication peer learns the configuration of the pilot.
  • the communication peer can be implemented by blind sequence detection, or by detection/indication of other signals/channels in advance.
  • the first indication information may be carried by synchronization information, or may be carried by a physical downlink control channel PDCCH or a physical broadcast channel PBCH.
  • the first indication information is carried by synchronization information, or is carried by a physical uplink control channel PUCCH or a physical broadcast channel PBCH.
  • the first indication information is carried by a sidelink control signaling or a synchronization message, or is carried by a physical side link control channel PSCCH or a physical side link.
  • the link shared channel PSSCH or the direct link broadcast control channel SBCCH is carried.
  • the method further includes:
  • the initial pilot frequency is obtained based on initial configuration parameter configuration.
  • the initial pilot frequency can be obtained based on the initial configuration parameter configuration, and multiplexed with the data on the pilot frequency resource block for transmission, so that the communication peer can decode and obtain the decoding-related information, and based on the The decoding related information sends the first feedback information.
  • this embodiment is only one of the ways of acquiring the first feedback information, not the only one.
  • the initial configuration parameters are preset, or the initial configuration parameters are selected from a target configuration parameter table.
  • the initial configuration parameters may be preset by the system or preset by a protocol
  • a target configuration parameter corresponding to the c-th index in the target configuration parameter table may be selected randomly or based on a certain rule, for example, where c is a positive integer, and the selection method is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the initial configuration parameter includes: a configuration parameter that minimizes the resources occupied by the initial pilot.
  • the configuration parameters that minimize the resources occupied by the initial pilots may be determined.
  • the configuration parameter with the shortest pilot length is selected.
  • the initial configuration parameter includes: the first pilot length, and/or, corresponding to the the number of first overlapping mappings of the first pilot length;
  • the pilots with the first pilot length occupy the least resources; the number of the first overlapping mappings is the largest in the number of overlapping mappings corresponding to the first pilot length.
  • a configuration parameter combination with the shortest pilot length and the maximum number of pilot overlapping mappings corresponding to the length is selected.
  • the method further includes:
  • the initial configuration parameter and/or the target configuration parameter are indicated to the communication peer.
  • the initial configuration parameter and/or the target configuration parameter may be indicated to the communication peer, so that the communication peer knows the configuration of the pilot.
  • the communication peer can be implemented by blind sequence detection, or by detection/indication of other signals/channels in advance.
  • the second indication information may be carried by synchronization information, or may be carried by a physical downlink control channel PDCCH or a physical broadcast channel PBCH.
  • the second indication information is carried by synchronization information, or is carried by a physical uplink control channel PUCCH or a physical broadcast channel PBCH.
  • the second indication information is carried by the sidelink control signaling or synchronization message, or, by the physical side link control channel PSCCH or the physical side link.
  • the link shared channel PSSCH or the direct link broadcast control channel SBCCH is carried.
  • the second indication information includes:
  • First index information where the first index information is used to indicate the initial configuration parameter and/or the target configuration parameter.
  • the value of the initial configuration parameter and/or the target configuration parameter may be directly notified to the communication peer through the second indication information
  • the first index information corresponding to the initial configuration parameter and/or the target configuration parameter in the target configuration parameter table may be sent to the communication peer, so that the communication peer determines in the target configuration parameter table based on the first index information.
  • Initial configuration parameters and/or target configuration parameters may be sent to the communication peer, so that the communication peer determines in the target configuration parameter table based on the first index information.
  • the method further includes:
  • a target shape for the pilot resource block is determined.
  • the pilot overhead may be different depending on the target shape of the pilot resource blocks.
  • a non-square resource mapping manner can also be considered.
  • the reason is that non-square pilot signal resource blocks may save overhead in certain scenarios.
  • Fig. 17 is one of the schematic diagrams of the shape of the pilot resource block provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 18 is the second schematic diagram of the shape of the pilot resource block provided by the embodiment of the present application; as shown in Figs.
  • pilot guardband widths in the delay dimension and the Doppler dimension are equal and equal to g.
  • the pilot guardband overheads for circular and square mappings are:
  • the pilot overhead of square mapping is larger than that of circular mapping, and it is a monotonically increasing parabola in the interval g ⁇ [0, ⁇ ), and the larger g is, the faster the overhead increases.
  • pilot resource block mapping with different shapes has advantages and disadvantages under different conditions, and is related to the value of (g, A). From this, different pilot resource block shapes can be designed, and after (g, A) is selected, a corresponding mapping pattern can be adopted to expect the guard band to have the smallest overhead.
  • the target shape of the pilot resource block includes:
  • a closed figure enclosed by a curve or polyline A closed figure enclosed by a curve or polyline.
  • the target shape of the pilot resource block may be a rectangle, such as a rectangle or a square;
  • the target shape of the pilot resource block may be a closed figure enclosed by a curve or a broken line, such as a circle or an ellipse.
  • the target shape of the pilot resource block is scaled based on the length and width of the resource grid in the delayed Doppler domain.
  • the shape of the pilot signal resource block and the shape of the current delayed Doppler resource grid may be scaled according to the ratio of length to width.
  • the shape of the pilot signal resource block may be a square or a circle; when the current delay Doppler resource grid is a rectangle, the current delay Doppler resource grid may be a rectangle or an ellipse shape.
  • the determining the shape of the pilot resource block includes:
  • the target shape of the pilot resource block is determined.
  • the length/width or the long axis/short axis of the pilot signal resource block and the length/width of the delay Doppler resource grid may be in a proportional scaling relationship.
  • the width of the pilot guard band is obtained by calculation based on channel quality information.
  • the size of the pilot guard band should meet the following conditions:
  • ⁇ max and ⁇ max are the maximum delay and maximum Doppler shift of all paths in the channel, respectively.
  • determining the shape of the pilot resource block based on the width of the pilot guard band and the target length of the pilot includes:
  • the target shape of the pilot resource block corresponds to the width of the pilot guard band and the target length of the pilot in the pilot resource block shape indication table.
  • a pilot resource block shape indication table may be defined, in which the relationship between (g, A) and the pilot mapping shape is determined, so as to determine and indicate the target shape of the pilot resource block.
  • the target shape of the pilot resource block may be determined in the pilot resource block shape indication table based on the width of the pilot guard band and the target length of the pilot.
  • the target shape of the pilot resource block may be re-determined after each time the pilot length is determined.
  • the target shape occupies the smallest number of pilot resource blocks.
  • the width of the pilot guard band may be and the target length of the pilot in all the corresponding shapes in the pilot resource block indication table, determine the target shape that minimizes the number of pilot resource blocks.
  • the method further includes:
  • the target shape of the pilot resource block is indicated to the communication peer.
  • the target shape of the pilot resource block may be indicated to the communication peer based on the third indication information, so that the communication peer learns the pilot configuration and the shape of the pilot resource block.
  • the third indication information may be carried by synchronization information, or may be carried by a physical downlink control channel PDCCH or a physical broadcast channel PBCH.
  • the third indication information is carried by synchronization information, or is carried by a physical uplink control channel PUCCH or a physical broadcast channel PBCH.
  • the third indication information is carried by the sidelink control signaling or synchronization message, or, by the physical side link control channel PSCCH or the physical side link.
  • the link shared channel PSSCH or the direct link broadcast control channel SBCCH is carried.
  • the third indication information includes:
  • the target shape of the pilot resource block the width of the pilot guard band and the target length of the pilot corresponding to the target shape of the pilot resource block in the pilot resource block shape indication table;
  • the second index information is used to indicate the target shape of the pilot resource block
  • the target shape of the pilot resource block corresponds to the pilot in the pilot resource block shape indication table
  • the target communication device can set the target shape of the pilot resource block, the target shape of the pilot resource block in the pilot resource block shape indication table corresponding to the width of the pilot guard band and the pilot The target length is indicated to the communication peer;
  • the target communication device can set the target shape of the pilot resource block, the target shape of the pilot resource block in the pilot resource block shape indication table corresponding to the width of the pilot guard band and the pilot The target length of the second index information in the pilot resource block shape indication table.
  • the method further includes:
  • the pilot resource block shape indication table is indicated to the communication peer.
  • the pilot resource block shape indication table may be indicated to the communication peer, so that the communication peer may determine the pilot resource block based on the pilot resource block shape indication table and the second index information. related configuration.
  • the fourth indication information may be carried by synchronization information, or may be carried by a physical downlink control channel PDCCH or a physical broadcast channel PBCH.
  • the fourth indication information is carried by synchronization information, or is carried by a physical uplink control channel PUCCH or a physical broadcast channel PBCH.
  • the fourth indication information is carried by the sidelink control signaling or synchronization message, or, by the physical side link control channel PSCCH or the physical side link.
  • the link shared channel PSSCH or the direct link broadcast control channel SBCCH is carried.
  • the method further includes:
  • the first pilot adjustment process includes: determining, based on the received first feedback information and/or second pilot information, a target configuration parameter that needs to be adjusted for the pilot.
  • the sender may trigger/disable the pilot adjustment process through a specific indication message.
  • the fifth indication information may be carried by synchronization information, or may be carried by a physical downlink control channel PDCCH or a physical broadcast channel PBCH.
  • the fifth indication information is carried by synchronization information, or is carried by a physical uplink control channel PUCCH or a physical broadcast channel PBCH.
  • the fifth indication information is carried by the sidelink control signaling or synchronization message, or, by the physical side link control channel PSCCH or the physical side link.
  • the link shared channel PSSCH or the direct link broadcast control channel SBCCH is carried.
  • the method further includes:
  • the feedback period includes: a time window for statistics of decoding related information and/or a transmission period of the feedback message.
  • the target communication device may use sixth indication information to indicate the time window of decoding related information such as BER statistics and the sending period of feedback messages.
  • the influence of the parameter configuration of the pilot on the pilot overhead and reliability is considered, On the premise of ensuring service reliability, the overhead of pilot frequency is reduced.
  • the execution body may be a pilot frequency transmission apparatus, or a control module in the pilot frequency transmission apparatus for executing the pilot frequency transmission method.
  • the pilot frequency transmission device provided by the embodiment of the present application is described by taking the pilot frequency transmission method performed by the pilot frequency transmission device as an example.
  • Figure 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a pilot transmission device provided in an embodiment of the present application, the device is applied to a target communication device, and it is characterized in that, the device includes: a first determination module 2010 and a first transmission module 2020; Wherein:
  • the first determining module 2010 is configured to determine the target configuration parameter of the pilot
  • the first transmission module 2020 is configured to map the pilot to a pilot resource block in the delayed Doppler domain for transmission based on the target configuration parameter.
  • the pilot frequency transmission apparatus determines the target configuration parameter of the pilot frequency through the first determining module 2010; and then maps the pilot frequency to the pilot frequency in the delay Doppler domain through the first transmission module 2020 based on the target configuration parameter transmission on the frequency resource block.
  • the influence of the parameter configuration of the pilot on the pilot overhead and reliability is considered, On the premise of ensuring service reliability, the overhead of pilot frequency is reduced.
  • the target configuration parameters of the pilot frequency include:
  • the target length of the pilot and the target transmit power of the pilot are the target length of the pilot and the target transmit power of the pilot.
  • the target configuration parameters of the pilot frequency include:
  • the target length of the pilot and the target number of overlapping mappings for the pilot are the target length of the pilot and the target number of overlapping mappings for the pilot.
  • the device further includes:
  • a second determining module configured to determine, based on the received first feedback information, target configuration parameters that need to be adjusted for the pilot
  • the first feedback information is obtained after the communication peer decodes the data packet to obtain decoding related information.
  • the first feedback information includes:
  • the target configuration parameter adjustment indication information is obtained after the communication peer determines that the target configuration parameter needs to be adjusted based on the decoding related information; the target configuration The parameter adjustment indication information is used to indicate the adjustment target configuration parameter.
  • the second determining module is used for:
  • the decoding-related information is greater than a first preset threshold, it is determined that the target configuration parameter needs to be adjusted.
  • the second determining module is specifically configured to:
  • the target configuration parameter table is predetermined by the protocol.
  • the second determining module is also used for:
  • the preset adjustment value is pre-specified in the protocol.
  • the second determining module is further configured to:
  • the target transmit power of the pilot is increased.
  • the second determining module is further configured to:
  • the target transmit power of the pilot is increased.
  • the device further includes:
  • the first adjustment module is configured to continue to adjust the pilot frequency if it is determined based on the received second feedback information that the target configuration parameter of the pilot frequency needs to be adjusted, and the target transmission power of the pilot frequency is less than a second preset threshold
  • the target configuration parameter wherein the second preset threshold includes: a preset value, or the maximum transmit power corresponding to the target length of the pilot in the target configuration parameter table.
  • the device further includes:
  • the first increasing module is configured to determine, based on the received second feedback information, the target configuration parameter of the pilot that needs to be adjusted, and if the target transmit power of the pilot is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, increase the pilot frequency. target length.
  • the device further includes:
  • the second adjustment module is configured to continue to adjust the target configuration parameter of the pilot if it is determined based on the received second feedback information that the target configuration parameter of the pilot needs to be adjusted.
  • the second determining module is further configured to:
  • the number of target overlapping mappings of the pilot is reduced.
  • the second determining module is further configured to:
  • the number of target overlapping mappings of the pilot is reduced.
  • the device further includes:
  • the third adjustment module is configured to continue to adjust the pilot frequency if it is determined based on the received third feedback information that the target configuration parameter of the pilot frequency needs to be adjusted, and the target overlapped mapping number of the pilot frequency is greater than a third preset threshold
  • the third preset threshold includes: a preset value, or the minimum number of overlapping mappings corresponding to the target length of the pilot in the target configuration parameter table.
  • the device further includes:
  • the second increasing module is configured to increase the target configuration parameter of the pilot to be adjusted based on the received third feedback information, and the target overlapped mapping number of the pilot is less than or equal to the third preset threshold.
  • the target length of the pilot is configured to increase the target configuration parameter of the pilot to be adjusted based on the received third feedback information, and the target overlapped mapping number of the pilot is less than or equal to the third preset threshold.
  • the device further includes:
  • the fourth adjustment module is configured to continue to adjust the target configuration parameter of the pilot if it is determined based on the received third feedback information that the target configuration parameter of the pilot needs to be adjusted.
  • the device further includes:
  • the first indication module is configured to indicate the target configuration parameter to the communication peer based on the first indication information.
  • the device further includes:
  • a multiplexing module for multiplexing the initial pilot and data on the pilot resource block for transmission
  • the initial pilot frequency is obtained based on initial configuration parameter configuration.
  • the initial configuration parameters are preset, or the initial configuration parameters are selected from a target configuration parameter table.
  • the initial configuration parameter includes: a configuration parameter that minimizes the resources occupied by the initial pilot.
  • the initial configuration parameter includes: the first pilot length, and/or, corresponding to the the number of first overlapping mappings of the first pilot length;
  • the pilots with the first pilot length occupy the least resources; the number of the first overlapping mappings is the largest in the number of overlapping mappings corresponding to the first pilot length.
  • the device further includes:
  • the second indication module is configured to indicate the initial configuration parameter and/or the target configuration parameter to the communication peer based on the second indication information.
  • the second indication information includes:
  • First index information where the first index information is used to indicate the initial configuration parameter and/or the target configuration parameter.
  • the device further includes:
  • the third determining module is configured to determine the target shape of the pilot resource block.
  • the target shape of the pilot resource block includes:
  • a closed figure enclosed by a curve or polyline A closed figure enclosed by a curve or polyline.
  • the target shape of the pilot resource block is scaled based on the length and width of the resource grid in the delayed Doppler domain.
  • the third determining module is specifically used for:
  • the target shape of the pilot resource block is determined.
  • the width of the pilot guard band is obtained by calculation based on channel quality information.
  • the third determining module is specifically used for:
  • the target shape of the pilot resource block corresponds to the width of the pilot guard band and the target length of the pilot in the pilot resource block shape indication table.
  • the target shape occupies the smallest number of pilot resource blocks.
  • the device further includes:
  • the third indication module is configured to indicate the target shape of the pilot resource block to the communication peer based on the third indication information.
  • the third indication information includes:
  • the target shape of the pilot resource block the width of the pilot guard band and the target length of the pilot corresponding to the target shape of the pilot resource block in the pilot resource block shape indication table;
  • the second index information is used to indicate the target shape of the pilot resource block
  • the target shape of the pilot resource block corresponds to the pilot in the pilot resource block shape indication table
  • the device further includes:
  • the fourth indication module is configured to indicate the pilot resource block shape indication table to the communication peer based on the fourth indication information.
  • the device further includes:
  • a fifth indication module configured to instruct to trigger or stop the first pilot adjustment process based on the fifth indication information
  • the first pilot adjustment process includes: determining, based on the received first feedback information and/or second pilot information, target configuration parameters that need to be adjusted for the pilot.
  • the device further includes:
  • a sixth indication module configured to indicate the feedback period of the communication peer end based on the sixth indication information
  • the feedback period includes: a time window for statistics of decoding related information and/or a transmission period of the feedback message.
  • the influence of the parameter configuration of the pilot on the pilot overhead and reliability is considered, On the premise of ensuring service reliability, the overhead of pilot frequency is reduced.
  • the pilot transmission device in this embodiment of the present application may be a device, or may be a component, an integrated circuit, or a chip in a terminal.
  • the device may be a mobile terminal or a non-mobile terminal.
  • the mobile terminal may include, but is not limited to, the types of terminals 11 listed above, and the non-mobile terminal may be a server, a network attached storage (NAS), a personal computer (personal computer, PC), a television ( television, TV), teller machine, or self-service machine, etc., which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the pilot transmission device in the embodiment of the present application may be a device with an operating system.
  • the operating system may be an Android (Android) operating system, an ios operating system, or other possible operating systems, which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the pilot frequency transmission device provided in the embodiment of the present application can implement each process implemented by the method embodiments in FIG. 11 to FIG. 19 , and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, details are not repeated here.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a target communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • a communication device 2100 includes a processor 2101 and a memory 2102, which are stored in the memory 2102 and can be stored in the processor A program or instruction running on 2101, for example, when the communication device 2100 is a terminal, when the program or instruction is executed by the processor 2101, each process of the foregoing pilot transmission method embodiment can be achieved, and the same technical effect can be achieved.
  • the communication device 2100 is a network-side device, when the program or instruction is executed by the processor 2101, each process of the above-mentioned embodiment of the synchronization signal block transmission method can be realized, and the same technical effect can be achieved. To avoid repetition, details are not repeated here. .
  • the target communication device in this application may be a network side device or a terminal.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a network side device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the network side device 2200 includes: an antenna 2201 , a radio frequency device 2202 , and a baseband device 2203 .
  • the antenna 2201 is connected to the radio frequency device 2202 .
  • the radio frequency device 2202 receives information through the antenna 2201, and sends the received information to the baseband device 2203 for processing.
  • the baseband device 2203 processes the information to be sent and sends it to the radio frequency device 2202
  • the radio frequency device 2202 processes the received information and sends it out through the antenna 2201 .
  • the above-mentioned frequency band processing apparatus may be located in the baseband apparatus 2203 , and the method performed by the network side device in the above embodiments may be implemented in the baseband apparatus 2203 , and the baseband apparatus 2203 includes a processor 2204 and a memory 2205 .
  • the baseband device 2203 may include, for example, at least one baseband board on which multiple chips are arranged, as shown in FIG. 22 , one of the chips is, for example, the processor 2204, which is connected to the memory 2205 to call the program in the memory 2205 to execute The network devices shown in the above method embodiments operate.
  • the baseband device 2203 may further include a network interface 2206 for exchanging information with the radio frequency device 2202, and the interface is, for example, a common public radio interface (CPRI for short).
  • CPRI common public radio interface
  • the network-side device in this embodiment of the present application further includes: instructions or programs that are stored in the memory 2205 and run on the processor 2204, and the processor 2204 invokes the instructions or programs in the memory 2205 to execute the modules shown in FIG. 20 .
  • the processor 2204 is used for:
  • the pilots are mapped to pilot resource blocks in the delayed Doppler domain for transmission.
  • the influence of the parameter configuration of the pilot on the pilot overhead and reliability is considered, On the premise of ensuring service reliability, the overhead of pilot frequency is reduced.
  • the target configuration parameters of the pilot include:
  • the target length of the pilot and the target transmit power of the pilot are the target length of the pilot and the target transmit power of the pilot.
  • the target configuration parameters of the pilot include:
  • the target length of the pilot and the target number of overlapping mappings for the pilot are the target length of the pilot and the target number of overlapping mappings for the pilot.
  • processor 2204 is further configured to:
  • the first feedback information is obtained after the communication peer decodes the data packet to obtain decoding related information.
  • the first feedback information includes:
  • the target configuration parameter adjustment indication information is obtained after the communication peer determines that the target configuration parameter needs to be adjusted based on the decoding related information; the target configuration The parameter adjustment indication information is used to indicate the adjustment target configuration parameter.
  • processor 2204 is further configured to:
  • the decoding-related information is greater than a first preset threshold, it is determined that the target configuration parameter needs to be adjusted.
  • processor 2204 is further configured to:
  • the target configuration parameter table is predetermined by the protocol.
  • processor 2204 is further configured to:
  • the preset adjustment value is pre-specified in the protocol.
  • processor 2204 is further configured to:
  • the target transmit power of the pilot is increased.
  • processor 2204 is further configured to:
  • the target transmit power of the pilot is increased.
  • processor 2204 is further configured to:
  • the second preset threshold includes: a preset value, or the maximum transmit power corresponding to the target length of the pilot in the target configuration parameter table.
  • processor 2204 is further configured to:
  • the target length of the pilot is increased.
  • processor 2204 is further configured to:
  • processor 2204 is further configured to:
  • the number of target overlapping mappings of the pilot is reduced.
  • processor 2204 is further configured to:
  • the number of target overlapping mappings of the pilot is reduced.
  • processor 2204 is further configured to:
  • the third preset threshold includes: a preset value, or the minimum number of overlapping mappings corresponding to the target length of the pilot in the target configuration parameter table.
  • processor 2204 is further configured to:
  • the target length of the pilot is increased.
  • processor 2204 is further configured to:
  • processor 2204 is further configured to:
  • the target configuration parameter is indicated to the communication peer.
  • processor 2204 is further configured to:
  • the initial pilot frequency is obtained based on initial configuration parameter configuration.
  • the initial configuration parameters are preset, or the initial configuration parameters are selected from a target configuration parameter table.
  • the initial configuration parameter includes: a configuration parameter that minimizes the resources occupied by the initial pilot.
  • the initial configuration parameter includes: the first pilot length, and/or, corresponding to the the number of first overlapping mappings of the first pilot length;
  • the pilots with the first pilot length occupy the least resources; the number of the first overlapping mappings is the largest among the overlapping mappings corresponding to the first pilot length.
  • processor 2204 is further configured to:
  • the initial configuration parameter and/or the target configuration parameter are indicated to the communication peer.
  • the second indication information includes:
  • First index information where the first index information is used to indicate the initial configuration parameter and/or the target configuration parameter.
  • processor 2204 is further configured to:
  • a target shape for the pilot resource block is determined.
  • the target shape of the pilot resource block includes:
  • a closed figure enclosed by a curve or polyline A closed figure enclosed by a curve or polyline.
  • the target shape of the pilot resource block is scaled based on the length and width of the resource grid in the delayed Doppler domain.
  • processor 2204 is further configured to:
  • the target shape of the pilot resource block is determined.
  • the width of the pilot guard band is obtained by calculation based on channel quality information.
  • processor 2204 is further configured to:
  • the target shape of the pilot resource block corresponds to the width of the pilot guard band and the target length of the pilot in the pilot resource block shape indication table.
  • the target shape occupies the smallest number of pilot resource blocks.
  • processor 2204 is further configured to:
  • the target shape of the pilot resource block is indicated to the communication peer.
  • the third indication information includes:
  • the target shape of the pilot resource block the width of the pilot guard band and the target length of the pilot corresponding to the target shape of the pilot resource block in the pilot resource block shape indication table;
  • the second index information is used to indicate the target shape of the pilot resource block
  • the target shape of the pilot resource block corresponds to the pilot in the pilot resource block shape indication table
  • processor 2204 is further configured to:
  • the pilot resource block shape indication table is indicated to the communication peer.
  • processor 2204 is further configured to:
  • the first pilot adjustment process includes: determining, based on the received first feedback information and/or second pilot information, target configuration parameters that need to be adjusted for the pilot.
  • processor 2204 is further configured to:
  • the feedback period includes: a time window for statistics of decoding related information and/or a transmission period of the feedback message.
  • the influence of the parameter configuration of the pilot on the pilot overhead and reliability is considered, On the premise of ensuring service reliability, the overhead of pilot frequency is reduced.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a terminal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal 2300 includes but is not limited to: a radio frequency unit 2301, a network module 2302, an audio output unit 2303, an input unit 2304, a sensor 2305, a display unit 2306, a user input unit 2307, an interface unit 2308, a memory 2309, a processor 2310 and other components .
  • the terminal 2300 may also include a power supply (such as a battery) for supplying power to various components, and the power supply may be logically connected to the processor 2310 through a power management system, so as to manage charging, discharging, and power consumption through the power management system management and other functions.
  • a power supply such as a battery
  • the terminal structure shown in FIG. 23 does not constitute a limitation on the terminal, and the terminal may include more or less components than shown, or combine some components, or arrange different components, which will not be repeated here.
  • the input unit 2304 may include a graphics processor (Graphics Processing Unit, GPU) 23041 and a microphone 23042. Such as camera) to obtain still pictures or video image data for processing.
  • the display unit 2306 may include a display panel 23061, which may be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light emitting diode, or the like.
  • the user input unit 2307 includes a touch panel 23071 and other input devices 23072 .
  • the touch panel 23071 is also called a touch screen.
  • the touch panel 23071 may include two parts, a touch detection device and a touch controller.
  • Other input devices 23072 may include, but are not limited to, physical keyboards, function keys (such as volume control keys, switch keys, etc.), trackballs, mice, and joysticks, which will not be described herein again.
  • the radio frequency unit 2301 receives the information from the communication peer end, and then processes it to the processor 2310; in addition, sends the information to be transmitted to the communication peer end.
  • the radio frequency unit 2301 includes, but is not limited to, an antenna, at least one amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, a low noise amplifier, a duplexer, and the like.
  • Memory 2309 may be used to store software programs or instructions as well as various data.
  • the memory 2309 may mainly include a storage program or instruction area and a storage data area, wherein the stored program or instruction area may store an operating system, an application program or instruction required for at least one function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.) and the like.
  • the memory 2309 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, wherein the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), a programmable read-only memory (Programmable ROM) , PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (Erasable PROM, EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (Electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • ROM Read-Only Memory
  • PROM programmable read-only memory
  • PROM erasable programmable read-only memory
  • Erasable PROM Erasable PROM
  • EPROM electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
  • EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
  • flash memory for example at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid state storage device.
  • the processor 2310 may include one or more processing units; optionally, the processor 2310 may integrate an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly processes the operating system, user interface, and application programs or instructions, etc. Modem processors mainly deal with wireless communications, such as baseband processors. It can be understood that, the above-mentioned modulation and demodulation processor may not be integrated into the processor 2310.
  • the processor 2310 is used for:
  • the pilots are mapped to pilot resource blocks in the delayed Doppler domain for transmission.
  • the influence of the parameter configuration of the pilot on the pilot overhead and reliability is considered, On the premise of ensuring service reliability, the overhead of pilot frequency is reduced.
  • the target configuration parameters of the pilot include:
  • the target length of the pilot and the target transmit power of the pilot are the target length of the pilot and the target transmit power of the pilot.
  • the target configuration parameters of the pilot include:
  • the target length of the pilot and the target number of overlapping mappings for the pilot are the target length of the pilot and the target number of overlapping mappings for the pilot.
  • processor 2310 is further configured to:
  • the first feedback information is obtained after the communication peer decodes the data packet to obtain decoding related information.
  • the first feedback information includes:
  • the target configuration parameter adjustment indication information is obtained after the communication peer determines that the target configuration parameter needs to be adjusted based on the decoding related information; the target configuration The parameter adjustment indication information is used to indicate the adjustment target configuration parameter.
  • processor 2310 is further configured to:
  • the decoding-related information is greater than a first preset threshold, it is determined that the target configuration parameter needs to be adjusted.
  • processor 2310 is further configured to:
  • the target configuration parameter table is predetermined by the protocol.
  • processor 2310 is further configured to:
  • the preset adjustment value is pre-specified in the protocol.
  • processor 2310 is further configured to:
  • the target transmit power of the pilot is increased.
  • processor 2310 is further configured to:
  • the target transmit power of the pilot is increased.
  • processor 2310 is further configured to:
  • the second preset threshold includes: a preset value, or the maximum transmit power corresponding to the target length of the pilot in the target configuration parameter table.
  • processor 2310 is further configured to:
  • the target length of the pilot is increased.
  • processor 2310 is further configured to:
  • processor 2310 is further configured to:
  • the number of target overlapping mappings of the pilot is reduced.
  • processor 2310 is further configured to:
  • the number of target overlapping mappings of the pilot is reduced.
  • processor 2310 is further configured to:
  • the third preset threshold includes: a preset value, or the minimum number of overlapping mappings corresponding to the target length of the pilot in the target configuration parameter table.
  • processor 2310 is further configured to:
  • the target length of the pilot is increased.
  • processor 2310 is further configured to:
  • processor 2310 is further configured to:
  • the target configuration parameter is indicated to the communication peer.
  • processor 2310 is further configured to:
  • the initial pilot frequency is obtained based on initial configuration parameter configuration.
  • the initial configuration parameters are preset, or the initial configuration parameters are selected from a target configuration parameter table.
  • the initial configuration parameter includes: a configuration parameter that minimizes the resources occupied by the initial pilot.
  • the initial configuration parameter includes: the first pilot length, and/or, corresponding to the the number of first overlapping mappings of the first pilot length;
  • the pilots with the first pilot length occupy the least resources; the number of the first overlapping mappings is the largest among the overlapping mappings corresponding to the first pilot length.
  • processor 2310 is further configured to:
  • the initial configuration parameter and/or the target configuration parameter are indicated to the communication peer.
  • the second indication information includes:
  • First index information where the first index information is used to indicate the initial configuration parameter and/or the target configuration parameter.
  • processor 2310 is further configured to:
  • a target shape for the pilot resource block is determined.
  • the target shape of the pilot resource block includes:
  • a closed figure enclosed by a curve or polyline A closed figure enclosed by a curve or polyline.
  • the target shape of the pilot resource block is scaled based on the length and width of the resource grid in the delayed Doppler domain.
  • processor 2310 is further configured to:
  • the target shape of the pilot resource block is determined.
  • the width of the pilot guard band is obtained by calculation based on channel quality information.
  • processor 2310 is further configured to:
  • the target shape of the pilot resource block corresponds to the width of the pilot guard band and the target length of the pilot in the pilot resource block shape indication table.
  • the target shape occupies the smallest number of pilot resource blocks.
  • processor 2310 is further configured to:
  • the target shape of the pilot resource block is indicated to the communication peer.
  • the third indication information includes:
  • the target shape of the pilot resource block the width of the pilot guard band and the target length of the pilot corresponding to the target shape of the pilot resource block in the pilot resource block shape indication table;
  • the second index information is used to indicate the target shape of the pilot resource block
  • the target shape of the pilot resource block corresponds to the pilot in the pilot resource block shape indication table
  • processor 2310 is further configured to:
  • the pilot resource block shape indication table is indicated to the communication peer.
  • processor 2310 is further configured to:
  • the first pilot adjustment process includes: determining, based on the received first feedback information and/or second pilot information, target configuration parameters that need to be adjusted for the pilot.
  • processor 2310 is further configured to:
  • the feedback period includes: a time window for statistics of decoding related information and/or a transmission period of the feedback message.
  • the influence of the parameter configuration of the pilot on the pilot overhead and reliability is considered, On the premise of ensuring service reliability, the overhead of pilot frequency is reduced.
  • Embodiments of the present application further provide a readable storage medium, where a program or an instruction is stored on the readable storage medium, and when the program or instruction is executed by a processor, each process of the foregoing pilot transmission method embodiment is implemented, and can achieve The same technical effect, in order to avoid repetition, will not be repeated here.
  • the processor is the processor in the terminal described in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the readable storage medium includes a computer-readable storage medium, such as a computer read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and the like.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a chip, where the chip includes a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used for running network-side device programs or instructions to implement the above-mentioned pilot transmission
  • the chip includes a processor and a communication interface
  • the communication interface is coupled to the processor
  • the processor is used for running network-side device programs or instructions to implement the above-mentioned pilot transmission
  • the chip mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as a system-on-chip, a system-on-chip, a system-on-chip, or a system-on-a-chip, or the like.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product, the program product is stored in a non-volatile storage medium, and the program product is executed by at least one processor to implement each process of the above method embodiments, and can achieve The same technical effect, in order to avoid repetition, will not be repeated here.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which is configured to perform each process of each embodiment of the above method, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, details are not repeated here.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种导频传输方法、装置、设备及存储介质，属于通信领域。该方法应用于目标通信设备，该方法包括：确定导频的目标配置参数；基于所述目标配置参数，将所述导频映射到延迟多普勒域中的导频资源块上进行传输。

Description

导频传输方法、装置、设备及存储介质
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请主张在2020年12月25日在中国提交的中国专利申请No.202011567155.5的优先权，其全部内容通过引用包含于此。
技术领域
本申请属于通信技术领域，具体涉及一种导频传输方法、装置、设备及存储介质。
背景技术
正交时频空域(Orthogonal Time Frequency，OTFS)调制系统中进行信道估计时，发射端将导频脉冲映射在延迟多普勒域上，接收端利用对导频的延迟多普勒图像分析，估计出延迟多普勒域的信道响应，进而可以获得时频域的信道响应表达式，方便应用时频域的已有技术进行信号分析和处理，因此在实际系统中，导频信号检测表现与导频密切相关。
现有技术中，在进行导频传输时，需要对导频序列进行处理，可能存在导频开销过大或导频可靠性不高。
发明内容
本申请实施例的目的是提供一种导频传输方法、装置、设备及存储介质，能够解决导频开销过大或导频可靠性不高的问题。
第一方面，提供了一种导频传输方法，应用于目标通信设备，该方法包括：
确定导频的目标配置参数；
基于所述目标配置参数，将所述导频映射到延迟多普勒域中的导频资源块上进行传输。
第二方面，提供了一种导频传输装置，应用于目标通信设备，该装置包 括：
第一确定模块，用于确定导频的目标配置参数；
第一传输模块，用于基于所述目标配置参数，将所述导频映射到延迟多普勒域中的导频资源块上进行传输。
第三方面，提供了一种目标通信设备，包括处理器，存储器及存储在所述存储器上并可在所述处理器上运行的程序或指令，所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时实现如第一方面所提供的导频传输方法的步骤。
第四方面，提供了一种可读存储介质，所述可读存储介质上存储程序或指令，所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时实现如第一方面所提供的导频传输方法的步骤。
第五方面，提供了一种芯片，所述芯片包括处理器和通信接口，所述通信接口和所述处理器耦合，所述处理器用于运行网络侧设备程序或指令，实现如第一方面所提供的导频传输方法的步骤。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机程序产品，所述程序产品被存储在非易失的存储介质中，所述程序产品被至少一个处理器执行以实现如第一方面所述的方法的步骤。
第七方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信设备，被配置为执行如第一方面所述的方法的步骤。
在本申请实施例中，通过对导频进行参数配置后再映射到延迟多普勒域中的导频资源块上进行传输，考虑了导频的参数配置对导频开销和可靠性的影响，在保证业务可靠性的前提下，减少导频的开销。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种无线通信系统的框图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的延迟多普勒域和时间频率平面的相互转换的示意图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的不同平面下的信道响应关系的示意图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的OTFS多载波系统的收发端处理流程示意图；
图5是本申请实施例提供的延迟多普勒域的导频映射示意图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的接收端侧的导频位置检测的示意图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的多端口参考信号在延迟多普勒域的映射示意图；
图8是本申请实施例提供的延迟多普勒域的导频资源复用的示意图；
图9是本申请实施例提供的导频序列的检测示意图；
图10是本申请实施例提供的两种导频设计方案在不同导频开销条件下的性能比较示意图；
图11是本申请实施例提供的导频传输方法的流程示意图；
图12是本申请实施例提供的导频基序列与正交覆盖码与导频之间的关系示意图；
图13是本申请实施例提供的延迟多普勒域插入导频的流程示意图；
图14是本申请实施例提供的导频信号块重叠映射到导频资源块的示意图；
图15是本申请实施例提供的目标配置参数调整方法的示意图之一；
图16是本申请实施例提供的目标配置参数调整方法的示意图之一；
图17是本申请实施例提供的导频资源块的形状的示意图之一；
图18是本申请实施例提供的导频资源块的形状的示意图之二；
图19是本申请实施例提供的导频资源块的形状的示意图之三；
图20是本申请实施例提供的导频传输装置的结构示意图；
图21是本申请实施例提供的目标通信设备的结构示意图；
图22是本申请实施例提供的网络侧设备的硬件结构示意图；
图23是本申请实施例提供的终端的硬件结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便本申请的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施，且“第一”、“第二”所区别的对象通常为一类，并不限定对象的个数，例如第一对象可以是一个，也可以是多个。此外，说明书以及权利要求中“和/或”表示所连接对象的至少其中之一，字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
值得指出的是，本申请实施例所描述的技术不限于长期演进型(Long Term Evolution，LTE)/LTE的演进(LTE-Advanced，LTE-A)系统，还可用于其他无线通信系统，诸如码分多址(Code Division Multiple Access，CDMA)、时分多址(Time Division Multiple Access，TDMA)、频分多址(Frequency Division Multiple Access，FDMA)、正交频分多址(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access，OFDMA)、单载波频分多址(Single-carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access，SC-FDMA)和其他系统。本申请实施例中的术语“系统”和“网络”常被可互换地使用，所描述的技术既可用于以上提及的系统和无线电技术，也可用于其他系统和无线电技术。然而，以下描述出于示例目的描述了新空口(New Radio，NR)系统，并且在以下大部分描述中使用NR术语，尽管这些技术也可应用于NR系统应用以外的应用，如第6代(6 th Generation，6G)通信系统。
图1示出本申请实施例可应用的一种无线通信系统的框图。无线通信系统包括终端11和网络侧设备12。其中，终端11也可以称作终端设备或者用户终端(User Equipment，UE)，终端11可以是手机、平板电脑(Tablet Personal Computer)、膝上型电脑(Laptop Computer)或称为笔记本电脑、个人数字助 理(Personal Digital Assistant，PDA)、掌上电脑、上网本、超级移动个人计算机(ultra-mobile personal computer，UMPC)、移动上网装置(Mobile Internet Device，MID)、可穿戴式设备(Wearable Device)或车载设备(VUE)、行人终端(PUE)等终端侧设备，可穿戴式设备包括：手环、耳机、眼镜等。需要说明的是，在本申请实施例并不限定终端11的具体类型。网络侧设备12可以是基站或核心网，其中，基站可被称为节点B、演进节点B、接入点、基收发机站(Base Transceiver Station，BTS)、无线电基站、无线电收发机、基本服务集(Basic Service Set，BSS)、扩展服务集(Extended Service Set，ESS)、B节点、演进型B节点(eNB)、家用B节点、家用演进型B节点、无线局域网络(Wireless Local Area Networks，WLAN)接入点、WiFi节点、发送接收点(Transmitting Receiving Point，TRP)或所述领域中其他某个合适的术语，只要达到相同的技术效果，所述基站不限于特定技术词汇，需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中仅以NR系统中的基站为例，但是并不限定基站的具体类型。
为了方便描述，首先对以下内容进行介绍：
下行控制消息，Downlink control information，DCI；
物理下行控制信道，Physical downlink control channel，PDCCH；
物理下行共享信道，Physical downlink shared channel，PDSCH；
物理资源控制，Radio resource control，RRC；
物理广播信道，Physical broadcast channel，PBCH；
主消息块，Master information block，MIB；
系统消息块，System information block，SIB；
资源元素，Resource element，RE；
码分复用，Code division multiplexing，CDM；
正交覆盖码，Orthogonal cover code，OCC；
均方误差，Mean square error，MSE；
正交频分复用，Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing，OFDM；
误码率，Bit error rate，BER；
误码率，Block error rate，BLER。
在城市里复杂的电磁波传输环境中，由于存在大量的散射、反射和折射面，造成了无线信号经不同路径到达接收天线的时刻不同，即传输的多径效应。当发送信号的前后符号经过不同路径同时抵达时，或者说，当后一个符号在前一个符号的时延扩展内到达时，即产生了符号间干扰(inter symbol interference，ISI)。类似的，在频域上，由于收发端相对速度引起的多普勒效应，信号所在的各个子载波会产生频率上不同程度的偏移，造成原本可能正交的子载波产生重叠，即产生了载波间干扰(inter carrier interference，ICI)。通信系统中使用的正交频分复用技术(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing，OFDM)多载波系统，通过添加循环前缀(cyclic prefix，CP)的设计，抗ISI的性能较好。但是OFDM的弱点是子载波间隔的大小有限，因此在应对高速移动场景下(如高铁)，由于收发端之间较大的相对速度带来的较大多普勒频移，破坏了OFDM子载波之间的正交性，使子载波间产生严重的ICI。
正交时频空域(Orthogonal Time Frequency Space，OTFS)技术的提出则致力于解决以上OFDM系统中的问题。OTFS技术定义了延迟多普勒域和时频域之间的变换。通过同时在收发端把业务数据和导频映射到延迟多普勒域处理，通过设计在延迟多普勒域的导频捕捉信道的延迟和多普勒特性，并且通过设计保护间隔，规避了OFDM系统中的ICI导致的导频污染问题，从而使信道估计更加准确，有利于接收端提升数据译码的成功率。
OTFS技术中，位于延迟多普勒域的导频符号四周需要有保护间隔，保护间隔的大小与信道特性相关。本申请通过对信道的测量，根据信道特性动态调整导频符号保护间隔的大小，从而可以保证在满足系统设计的前提下，导频开销近似最小化，避免传统方案中总是考虑最差情况带来的资源浪费问题。
信道的延迟和多普勒的特性本质上由多径信道决定。通过不同路径到达接收端的信号，因为传播路程存在差异，因此到达时间也不同。例如两个回 波s 1和s 2各自经历距离d 1和d 2到达接收端，则他们抵达接收端的时间差为：
Figure PCTCN2021141352-appb-000001
其中，c为光速。
由于回波s 1和s 2之间存在这种时间差，它们在接收端侧的相干叠加造成了观测到的信号幅度抖动，即衰落效应。类似的，多径信道的多普勒扩散也是由于多径效应造成。
多普勒效应是由于收发两端存在相对速度，历经不同路径到达接收端的信号，其相对于天线法线的入射角度存在差异，因此造成了相对速度的差异，进而造成了不同路径信号的多普勒频移不同。假设信号的原始频率为f 0，收发端的相对速度为Δv，信号与接收端天线的法线入射夹角为θ。则有：
Figure PCTCN2021141352-appb-000002
显然，当两个回波s 1和s 2历经不同路径到达接收端天线而具有不同的入射角θ 1和θ 2时，他们所得到的多普勒频移Δf 1和Δf 2也不同。
综上所述，接收端收到的信号是来自不同路径的具有不同时延和多普勒的分量信号的叠加，整体体现为一个相对原信号具有衰落和频移的接收信号。而对信道进行延迟多普勒分析，则有助于收集每个路径的延迟多普勒信息，从而反映信道的延迟多普勒响应。
OTFS调制技术的全称是正交时频空域调制。该技术把一个大小为M×N的数据包中的信息，例如正交调幅(Quadrature Amplitude Modulation，QAM)符号，在逻辑上映射到二维延迟多普勒域上的一个M×N格点中，即每个格点内的脉冲调制了数据包中的一个QAM符号。
图2是本申请实施例提供的延迟多普勒域和时间频率平面的相互转换的示意图，如图2所示，通过设计一组正交二维基函数，将M×N的延迟多普勒域平面上的数据集变换到N×M的时频域平面上，这种变换在数学上被称为逆辛傅里叶变换(Inverse Sympletic Fast Fourier Transform,ISFFT)。对应的，从时频域到延迟多普勒域的变换被称为辛傅里叶变换(Sympletic Fast Fourier  Transform，SFFT)。其背后的物理意义是，信号的延迟和多普勒效应，实际上是一种信号通过多经信道后的一系列具有不同时间和频率偏移的回波的线性叠加效应。从这个意义上说，延迟多普勒分析和时频域分析可以通过所述的ISFFT和SFFT相互转换得到。
由此，OTFS技术把时变多径信道变换为一个(一定持续时间内的)时不变二维延迟多普勒域信道，从而直接体现了无线链路中由于收发机之间的反射体相对位置的几何特性造成的信道延迟多普勒响应特性。这样的好处是，OTFS消除了传统时频域分析跟踪时变衰落特性的难点，转而通过延迟多普勒域分析抽取出时频域信道的所有分集特性。实际系统中，由于信道的延迟径和多普勒频移的数量远远小于信道的时域和频域响应数量，用延迟多普勒域表征的信道冲激响应矩阵具有稀疏性。利用OTFS技术在延迟多普勒域对稀疏信道矩阵进行分析，可以使参考信号的封装更加紧密和灵活，尤其有利于支持大规模MIMO系统中的大型天线阵列。
OTFS调制的核心是定义在延迟多普勒域上的QAM符号，变换到时频域进行发送，然后接收端回到延迟多普勒域处理。因而可以引入延迟多普勒域上的无线信道响应分析方法。
图3是本申请实施例提供的不同平面下的信道响应关系的示意图，如图3所示为信号通过线性时变无线信道时，其信道响应在不同平面下的表达之间的关系。
在图3中，SFFT变换公式为：
h(τ,ν)＝∫∫H(t,f)e -j2π(νt-fτ)dτdν；      (1)
对应的，ISFFT的变换公式为：
H(t,f)＝∫∫h(τ,ν)e j2π(νt-fτ)dτdν；      (2)
信号通过线性时变信道时，令时域接收信号为r(t)，其对应的频域接收信号为R(f)，且有r(t)＝F -1{R(f)}。r(t)可以表示为如下形式：
r(t)＝s(t)*h(t)＝∫g(t,τ)s(t-τ)dτ；   (3) 由图3关系可知，
g(t,τ)＝∫h(ν,τ)e j2πνtdν；      (4)
把(4)代入(3)可得：
r(t)＝∫∫h(ν,τ)s(t-τ)e j2πνtdτdν；      (5)
由图3所示关系，经典傅里叶变换理论，以及公式(5)可知：
Figure PCTCN2021141352-appb-000003
等式(6)暗示，在OTFS系统进行延迟多普勒域的分析，可以依托现有的建立在时频域上的通信框架，在收发端加上额外的信号处理过程来实现。并且，所述额外的信号处理仅由傅里叶变换组成，可以完全通过现有的硬件实现，无需新增模块。这种与现有硬件体系的良好兼容性大大方便了OTFS系统的应用。实际系统中，OTFS技术可以很方便的被实现为一个滤波OFDM系统的前置和后置处理模块，因此与现有的多载波系统有着很好的兼容性。
OTFS与多载波系统结合时，发送端的实现方式如下：含有需要发送信息的QAM符号由延迟多普勒域的波形承载，经过一个二维的逆辛傅里叶变换(Inverse Sympletic Fast Finite Fourier Transform，ISFFT)，转换为传统多载波系统中的时频域平面的波形，再经过符号级的一维逆快速傅里叶变换(Inverse Fast Fourier Transform，IFFT)和串并转换，变成时域采样点发送出去。
OTFS系统的接收端大致是一个发送端的逆过程：时域采样点经接收端接收后，经过并传转换和符号级的一维快速傅里叶变换(Fast Fourier Transform，FFT)，先变换到时频域平面上的波形，然后经过二维辛傅里叶变换(Sympletic Finite Fourier Transform，SFFT)，转换为延迟多普勒域平面的波形，然后对由延迟多普勒域波形承载的QAM符号进行接收端的处理：包括但不限于信道估计和均衡，解调和译码等。
图4是本申请实施例提供的OTFS多载波系统的收发端处理流程示意图。
OTFS调制的优越性主要体现在以下方面：
1)OTFS调制把收发机之间的时频域中的时变衰落信道转化为延迟多普勒域中的确定性的无衰落信道。在延迟多普勒域中，一次发送的一组信息符号中的每个符号都经历相同的静态信道响应和SNR。
2)OTFS系统通过延迟多普勒图像解析出物理信道中的反射体，并用接收均衡器对来自不同反射路径的能量进行相干合并，实际上提供了一个无衰落的静态信道响应。利用上述静态信道特性，OTFS系统无需像OFDM系统一样引入闭环信道自适应来应对快变的信道，因而提升了系统健壮性并降低了系统设计的复杂度。
3)由于延迟多普勒域中的延迟-多普勒的状态数量远小于时频域的时间-频率状态数量，因而OTFS系统中的信道可以表达为非常紧凑的形式。OTFS系统的信道估计开销更少，更加精确。
4)OTFS的另一个优越性体现应对极致多普勒信道上。通过适当信号处理参数下对延迟多普勒图像的分析，信道的多普勒特性会被完整呈现，因而有利于多普勒敏感场景(例如高速移动和毫米波)下的信号分析和处理。
基于以上分析，OTFS系统中的信道估计可以采用全新的方法。发射机将导频脉冲映射在延迟多普勒域上，接收端利用对导频的延迟多普勒图像分析，估计出延迟多普勒域的信道响应h(ν,τ)，进而可以根据图3所示关系得到时频域的信道响应表达式，方便应用时频域的已有技术进行信号分析和处理。
图5是本申请实施例提供的延迟多普勒域的导频映射示意图；如图5所示，是延迟多普勒域上的导频映射可以采取的方式，图5中发送信号由位于(l p，k p)的单点导频(标号为1的小方块)，环绕在其周围的面积为(2l τ+1)(4k ν+1)-1的保护符号(无阴影部分)，以及MN-(2l τ+1)(4k ν+1)的数据部分(保护符号以外的区域)组成。而在接收端，在延迟多普勒域格点的保护带中出现了两个偏移峰(斜线阴影部分)，意味着信道除了主径外存在两个具有不同延迟多普勒的次要路径。对所有的次要路径的幅度，延迟，多普勒参数进行测量，就得到了信道的延迟多普勒域表达式，即h(ν,τ)。
特别的，为了防止接收信号格点上数据对导频符号的污染，导致不准确 的信道估计，保护符号的面积应该满足如下条件：
l τ≥τ maxMΔf；k ν≥ν maxNΔT；
其中τ max和ν max分别是信道所有路径的最大时延和最大多普勒频移。
图6是本申请实施例提供的接收端侧的导频位置检测的示意图，如图6所示，导频位置检测的主要流程为:OFDN解调器→SFFT辛傅里叶变换→导频探测→信道估计→译码器；接收端把接收到的时域采样点，经过OFDM demodulator和OTFS变换(图中SFFT)的过程，转化为延迟多普勒域的QAM符号，再利用基于阈值的信号功率检测判断导频脉冲所在的位置。值得注意的是，因为导频的发送通常会进行power boost提高，因此接收端侧导频脉冲的功率要远大于数据功率，且由于导频脉冲和数据符号经历完全相同的衰落；因此利用功率检测很容易判断出导频位置。
图5中所提供的方法对应于单端口的场景，即只有一组参考信号需要发送。现代多天线系统中，往往利用多个天线端口同时发送多流数据，从而充分利用天线的空间自由度，达成获取空间分集增益或者提升系统吞吐量的目的。图7是本申请实施例提供的多端口参考信号在延迟多普勒域的映射示意图；当多个天线端口存在时，多个导频需要映射再延迟多普勒域中，因此会导致如图7的导频映射方式。
在图7中，24个天线端口对应了24个导频信号。其中每个导频信号采用图5中的形式，即中心点冲激信号加两侧保护符号的模式。其中单个导频占用的延迟多普勒域RE(资源元素)个数为(2l τ+1)(4k ν+1)。如果有 P个天线端口，考虑到相邻天线端口的保护带可以复用，假设导频放置采用在延迟维度为P 1，在多普勒维度为P 2，且满足P＝P 1P 2,则导频的总资源开销为[P 1(l τ+1)+l τ][P 2(2k ν+1)+2k ν]。
图8是本申请实施例提供的延迟多普勒域的导频资源复用的示意图；由此可见，尽管当单端口传输时，具有资源占用少，检测算法简单的优势。然而，对于具有多个天线端口的通信系统，由于单点导频加保护带的方案无法进行资源复用，因而会造成开销的线性增加。因此，针对多天线系统，如图 8的导频映射方案被提了出来。
在图8中，导频并非以单点脉冲的形式存在，而是一个基于由特定方式生成的PN序列构造出的导频序列，并按照特定规则映射在延迟多普勒域上的二维资源格上，即图中的斜线阴影部分。本申请中，可以将导频序列所占据的资源位置，即斜线阴影部分称为导频资源块。导频资源块旁边的无阴影区域为导频保护带，由未发送任何信号/数据的空白资源元素组成。类似于前述的单点导频，环绕其周边的也设有保护带，以避免与数据的相互干扰。保护带宽度的计算方法与图5单点导频映射模式中的方法相同。区别在于，在导频序列所映射的资源部分，不同端口的导频信号可以选取低相关度的序列来生成，在同一块资源上叠加映射，然后在接收端端通过特定算法进行导频序列的检测，从而区分出不同天线端口对应的导频。由于在发送端进行了完全的资源复用，多天线端口系统下的导频开销可以得到大大减少。
图9是本申请实施例提供的导频序列的检测示意图，如图9所示，呈现了基于序列导频的检测方式。类似前述的图5中的场景，在接收端，由于信道的两条路径的不同延迟和多普勒频移，接收的导频信号块在延迟多普勒整体偏移到了图中斜线阴影部分(即标号为2的方块以及与该方块相邻的8个方块，以及，标号为3的方块以及与该方块相邻的8个方块)的方块位置。此时在接收端利用已知发送导频(图中横线阴影部分，即标号为1的方块以及与该方块相邻的8个方块)，在延迟多普勒域进行滑窗检测运算。已知滑窗检测运算结果M(R,S)[δ,ω]在N P→+∞时，具有如下性质(以下公式成立的概率趋近于1)：
Figure PCTCN2021141352-appb-000004
其中
Figure PCTCN2021141352-appb-000005
C＞0为某个常数。
公式中(δ,ω)和(δ 0,ω 0)分别为滑动窗当前(中心点)所在位置，和接收信号中导频信号块(中心点)偏移到的位置。由公式可以看出，只有当 (δ,ω)＝(δ 0,ω 0)时，才能得到一个位于1附近的值，反之，滑窗检测运算结果是一个较小的值。因此，当滑动窗(图中横线阴影部分，即标号为1的方块以及与该方块相邻的8个方块)正好与偏移的导频信号块(图中斜线阴影部分，即标号为2的方块以及与该方块相邻的8个方块，以及，标号为3的方块以及与该方块相邻的8个方块)重合时，检测机会运算出一个能量峰值，呈现在延迟多普勒域的(δ 0,ω 0)位置，即图中的标号为2和标号为3的小方块的位置。利用这种方法，只要保证N P具有足够的长度，接收端就可以根据M(R,S)的值获取正确的导频位置，即获取信道的延迟和多普勒信息。同时，信道的幅度值由检测运算得到的
Figure PCTCN2021141352-appb-000006
值给出。
图8方案(简称导频序列)相比图7方案(简称导频脉冲)，各有优劣。导频序列方案的优点是：
1)利于多端口/多用户复用；
2)序列检测的准确性可以灵活调整；
3)节省保护符号开销；
4)即使开销不足(即导频保护带的预留宽度小于根据信道最大延迟和最大多普勒的计算出的使接收端数据和导频无相互干扰的宽度)，也能保持一定的信道估计准确性，保证系统的性能损失在可接受的范围。
缺点是：
1)序列相关/匹配检测复杂度较高；
2)准确性受序列长度制约，当序列长度较长时，导频及导频保护带的开销较大。
导频脉冲方案的优点是：
1)接收端只需要利用功率检测，算法较为简单；
2)通过power boost(功率提升，即发射机单独增加导频信号的发射功率)可以提高检测成功率。
缺点是：
1)每个导频脉冲都需要设置单独的保护带，在多端口传输时开销较大。
以上优缺点可以概括两种方案在各个场景下的表现。
此外，在某些场景下，导频保护间隔的开销受限，不足以完全覆盖信道可能的延迟和多普勒偏移，此时导频序列方案仍表现出了可接受的性能，而导频脉冲方案则性能损失很大。
图10是本申请实施例提供的两种导频设计方案在不同导频开销条件下的性能比较示意图，如图10所示。图中有菱形格和圆形格的折线是导频序列方案基于不同检测算法的性能曲线，而有方形格的折线是导频脉冲方案的性能曲线。可见在图示的特殊场景中(信道的延迟和多普勒偏移较大)，即使导频开销达到了60％，导频脉冲方案的表现仍然远逊于导频序列方案的表现。
现有的基于序列的导频设计方案在多天线端口下体现出了显著的优势，然而还是存在如下的缺点：
1)简单采用PN序列(Pseudo-Noise Code)在同一资源位置叠加，当叠加层数较多时，存在着因接收信号的信噪比(SIGNAL NOISE RATIO，SNR)较低而误检概率较高的风险。
2)只是简单采用了不同的PN序列指示不同的端口，如果能在序列的生成方式中加入额外信息，复用该序列指示其他有用信息，则可以起到变相减少导频开销的目的，进一步提升系统性能。
3)基于序列的导频设计比导频脉冲更加复杂，对上下行的指示消息，反馈消息，交互流程提出了新的设计需求，而现有技术缺乏对这方面的设计和阐述。
为了克服上述全部或部分缺陷，本申请提供了一种导频传输方法及装置；下面结合附图，通过具体的实施例及其应用场景对本申请实施例提供的导频传输方法进行详细地说明。
图11是本申请实施例提供的导频传输方法的流程示意图，该导频传输方法应用于目标通信设备，如图11所示，该导频传输方法包括如下步骤：
步骤1100，确定导频的目标配置参数；
步骤1110，基于所述目标配置参数，将所述导频映射到延迟多普勒域中 的导频资源块上进行传输。
具体地，为了克服现有技术中未关注导频的参数配置导致导频开销过大或导频可靠性不高的缺陷，本申请实施例可以对导频进行配置后，再映射至延迟多普勒域中的导频资源块上进行传输。
可选地，可以首先确定合适的目标配置参数，比如导频的长度，或者导频的发送功率，在导频重叠映射在导频资源块上时，还可以确定导频的目标重叠映射个数，基于以上至少一项参数对导频进行配置，生成导频并映射到延迟多普勒域中的导频资源块上进行传输，在保证导频检测可靠性的基础上尽量减少导频开销。
可选地，导频可以采用普通的序列生成。
可选地，为了降低导频虚检和误检的概率，在导频生成以前，可以对导频基序列进行正交化处理，确定天线端口对应的导频后，映射到对应的导频资源块上。具体地，图12是本申请实施例提供的导频基序列与正交覆盖码与导频之间的关系示意图，如图12所示，通过正交覆盖码对导频基序列进行正交处理，即可以获得导频。
可选地，延迟多普勒域中，构造导频(或参考信号)的一般方法如下：
首先，生成导频基序列。
可选地，所述导频基序列包括：PN序列，或者，ZC(Zadoff-chu)序列。
可选地，导频基序列可以包括但不限于：PN序列，或者，ZC序列，或者，其他类似序列。
其中PN序列可以包括以下序列：M序列，Gold序列，Kasami序列，Barker序列等。
然后，可以对导频基序列进行调制得到导频序列，获得导频。
可选地，还可以对导频序列使用OCC(Orthogonal Complementary Code，正交的互补码)进一步提升正交性，获得导频。
可选地，生成导频后，可以在发送端插入导频。
图13是本申请实施例提供的延迟多普勒域插入导频的流程示意图。如图 13所示，发送端插入导频的一般处理流程如下：数据的信息比特经过编码调制生成延迟多普勒域上的调制符号。导频和数据符号映射到延迟多普勒域的栅格上(类似时频域的OFDM grid)，每个栅格单元称为一个延迟多普勒域上的资源元素(Resource Element，RE)。导频和数据的RE正交，且中间添加保护间隔，避免接收端的相互干扰。其中，导频序列和数据分别调制，然后放置在同一延迟多普勒域的导频资源块中。导频和数据占据正交的资源，且间隔着保护带。含有导频和数据的整个延迟多普勒域中的资源块通过ISFFT被变换到时频域，随后通过类OFDM的处理，转化为时域信号进行发送。
在本申请实施例中，通过对导频进行参数配置后再映射到延迟多普勒域中的导频资源块上进行传输，考虑了导频的参数配置对导频开销和可靠性的影响，在保证业务可靠性的前提下，减少导频的开销。
可选地，所述目标通信设备的通信对端是终端或网络侧设备的情况下，所述导频的目标配置参数包括：
导频的目标长度和导频的目标发送功率。
可选地，在实际系统中，导频信号检测表现与导频密切相关。由公式(7)可以看出，导频越长，导频信号的检测就越准确。并且导频信号的SINR越大，导频信号的检测也越准确。
因此，要提高导频信号的检测准确性，增加导频长度和提高导频的发送功率都是可行的路径。
但是，由于导频并不能传递大量信息，本质上是一种开销，增加导频长度和提高导频的发送功率分别进一步增加了导频的资源开销和能量开销。所以可以追求导频检测可靠性和开销之间的平衡，确定较为合适的导频的目标长度和导频的目标发送功率。
可选地，关注导频资源开销的情况下，由于增加导频序列的长度，不仅仅增加导频信号本身的开销，也会增加导频保护带的开销，加剧资源占用。同时，在每个延迟多普勒总资源块数量一定的情况下，增加用于导频及其保护带的资源势必减少用于数据的资源，导致传输同样的信息比特时，数据部 分将被迫提高编码率或者调制阶数，可能会影响数据译码的可靠性。
因此，对于不同的信道状态，可以使用不同的导频序列长度和导频发送功率从而使性能达到最优。
可选地，可以在确定导频的目标配置参数时，确定导频的目标长度和导频的目标发送功率，用于配置导频。
可选地，可以在目标通信设备的通信对端是终端或网络侧设备的情况下，比如网络侧向终端传输信息时，或者终端向网络侧传输信息时，或终端向终端传输信息时，确定导频的目标长度和导频的目标发送功率，用于配置导频。
可选地，基于导频的目标长度和导频的目标发送功率配置导频后，映射至延迟多普勒域中的导频资源块时，可以是单点映射，即每一个导频均有自己一一对应的导频资源块，多个导频之间不重叠。
可选地，所述目标通信设备的通信对端是终端的情况下，所述导频的目标配置参数包括：
导频的目标长度和导频的目标重叠映射个数。
可选地，对应不同天线端口的导频可以重叠放置，即可以重叠映射在一块或多块导频资源块上。
由于导频重叠放置的原因，简单采用增加导频信号发送功率的方法无法有效提高信道估计检测成功率。原因如下：
可以定义信噪比为
Figure PCTCN2021141352-appb-000007
为以常数。假定k个导频重叠放置，每一个的功率为p。处理某个导频时，其他的导频可以看作是干扰，则导频的接收信扰噪比为：
Figure PCTCN2021141352-appb-000008
当功率提升为mp时，导频的接收信扰噪比：
Figure PCTCN2021141352-appb-000009
接收端信扰噪比提升量为:
Figure PCTCN2021141352-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2021141352-appb-000011
由此可见，当SNR较大时(即
Figure PCTCN2021141352-appb-000012
较小时)，提升导频发送功率带来的增益随m的增大边际效益递减严重。
因此，可以通过调整重叠导频的个数，即SINR表达式中的k的个数来改善接收机导频检测的性能。
可选地，可以在确定导频的目标配置参数时，确定导频的目标长度和导频的目标重叠映射个数，用于配置导频。
可选地，可以在目标通信设备的通信对端是终端的情况下，比如网络侧向终端传输信息时，或终端向终端传输信息时，确定导频的目标长度和导频的目标重叠映射个数，用于配置导频。
可选地，基于导频的目标长度和导频的目标重叠映射个数配置导频后，映射至延迟多普勒域中的导频资源块时，可以是重叠映射，即一个或多个天线端口对应的导频映射在多个导频资源块上，其中，一个天线端口对应的导频仅映射到一个导频资源块上进行传输，一个导频资源块上可以映射一个或多个不同的天线端口对应的导频。
具体地，图14是本申请实施例提供的导频信号块重叠映射到导频资源块的示意图，如图14所示，多个天线端口对应的导频序列可以映射在一个或多个导频资源块上。因此，可以在延迟多普勒域上确定一个或多个导频资源块，然后将多个天线端口对应的导频映射到导频资源块上进行传输。
可选地，当多个导频映射到多个导频资源块上时，其映射方式可以按照一定规则来确定，此规则可以是协议规定的或者系统预设的。并且可以并根据信道状态变化灵活调整。
可选地，导频在生成时，可以有选择的携带一些信息(例如时间信息，UE ID信息等)，从而达到利用导频传递信息，以降低开销的目的。
可选地，所述方法还包括：
基于接收到的第一反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数；
其中，所述第一反馈信息是通信对端对数据包进行译码获得译码相关信 息后获得的。
可选地，为了达到导频检测可靠性和开销之间的平衡，可以对导频的目标配置参数进行调整，以确定最优的或者较优的目标配置参数。
可选地，可以基于一些相关信息，比如通信对端对数据包进行译码获得译码相关信息后发送的第一反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数。
对于不同的信道状态，可以使用不同的目标配置参数从而使性能达到最优。原因是导频的配置参数，比如导频的长度和导频的功率，可以直接影响的是信道估计准确性，直接的衡量标准是估计信道H est与真实信道H之间的MSE，即可以确定(l,s)＝argmin (l,s)E[(H-H est(l,s))(H-H est(l,s)) H]，其中l为导频长度，s为接收信号的SINR。
可选地，译码相关信息可以是BER，还可以是译码结果中的类似信息。
实际上因为真实信道情况不可知，因此可以采用接收机能观测到的参数，例如译码结果的BER，来间接评估信道估计的准确性。
具体实现中，用来判断导频参数是否合适的度量可以采用BER，即译码相关信息可以是BER。在其他条件不变的情况下，接收机译码数据的BER取决于信道估计的准确性，可以直接由导频的配置参数确定，比如可以由导频的长度和导频的功率决定，可以记作bler(l,s)。
可选地，在基于给定当前业务的目标BER为ε，则只需要选取满足ber(l,s)≤ε的最小的l和s为目标配置参数，来最大程度的节省开销。
可选地，在其他条件确定的情况下，接收机译码数据的BER取决于信道估计的准确性，其还可以直接由导频的长度和导频重叠放置的个数决定，可以记作bler(l,k)。其中l为导频长度，k为导频的个数。
可选地，可以给定当前业务的目标BER为ε，则只需要选取满足ber(l,s)≤ε的最小的l和最大的s为目标配置参数，来最大程度的节省开销。
可选地，所述第一反馈信息包括：
译码相关信息，或者，目标配置参数调整指示信息；所述目标配置参数调整指示信息由所述通信对端基于所述译码相关信息确定需要调整所述目标配置参数后获得；所述目标配置参数调整指示信息用于指示调整目标配置参 数。
可选地，由于第一反馈信息是通信对端对数据包进行译码获得译码相关信息后获得的，则第一反馈信息可以直接为译码相关信息，即目标通信设备的通信对端可以直接将译码相关信息发送给目标通信设备，以使目标通信设备基于译码相关信息确定是否需要调整导频的目标配置参数；
可选地，由于第一反馈信息是通信对端对数据包进行译码获得译码相关信息后获得的，则第一反馈信息还可以是：通信对端基于译码相关信息确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数后，给目标通信设备发送的目标配置参数调整指示信息，目标配置参数调整指示信息用于指示目标通信设备调整目标配置参数，以使目标通信设备接收到目标配置参数调整指示信息后，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数。
可选地，译码相关信息可以是BER，还可以是译码结果中的类似信息。
可选地，基于译码相关信息确定需要调整所述目标配置参数，包括：
在所述译码相关信息大于第一预设阈值的情况下，确定需要调整所述目标配置参数。
可以系统预设或者协议规定译码相关信息的目标值，即第一预设阈值，在判断发现译码相关信息大于第一预设阈值的情况下，可以确定需要对目标配置参数进行调整。
可选地，译码相关信息可以由导频的长度和导频的功率决定，以译码相关信息是BER为例，可以记作bler(l,s)。
可选地，可以预设当前业务的目标BER为ε，即第一预设阈值，则只需要选取满足ber(l,s)≤ε的最小的l和s为目标配置参数，来最大程度的节省开销，因此，可以在判断发现ber(l,s)＞ε的情况下，调整目标配置参数。
可选地，译码相关信息可以由导频的长度和导频重叠放置的个数决定，以译码相关信息是BER为例，可以记作bler(l,k)。
可选地，在其他条件确定的情况下，接收机译码数据的BER还可以取决于信道估计的准确性，其还可以直接由导频的长度和导频重叠放置的个数决定，可以记作bler(l,k)。其中l为导频长度，k为导频的个数。
可选地，可以预设当前业务的目标BER为ε，即第一预设阈值，则只需要选取满足ber(l,k)≤ε的最小的l和最大的k为目标配置参数，来最大程度的节省开销，因此，可以在判断发现ber(l,k)＞ε的情况下，调整目标配置参数。
可选地，所述调整导频的目标配置参数，包括：
基于目标配置参数表，调整所述导频的目标配置参数；
其中，所述目标配置参数表是协议预先规定的。
可选地，可以确定本实施例中的在延迟多普勒域中选择目标配置参数的规则。
可选地，协议可以规定一个收发端已知的目标配置参数表，规定了所有可能的目标配置参数的组合；之后，目标通信设备可以基于目标配置参数表，进行导频的目标配置参数的选取和调整。
可选地，所述调整导频的目标配置参数，包括：
基于预设调整值，调整所述导频的目标配置参数；
其中，所述预设调整值是协议预先规定的。
可选地，协议可以规定一个收发端已知的预设调整值，规定了目标配置参数每一次进行调整时的增量或者减量；比如导频的power boost值即导频信号相对于数据信号的功率增量。
可选地，目标通信设备可以基于预设调整值，进行导频的目标配置参数的选取和调整。
可选地，所述目标通信设备的通信对端是终端或网络侧设备的情况下，所述调整所述导频的目标配置参数包括：
基于所述目标配置参数表和所述导频的目标长度，增大导频的目标发送功率。
可选地，导频映射至延迟多普勒域中的导频资源块时是单点映射的情况下，目标配置参数表可以是导频长度和功率指示表，如下表1所示：
表1导频长度和功率指示表
Figure PCTCN2021141352-appb-000013
Figure PCTCN2021141352-appb-000014
需要说明的是，上述表1仅作为对目标配置参数表的一个举例，并不作为对目标配置参数表的限定。
可选地，可以基于导频当前的目标长度，在目标配置参数表中查找导频当前的目标长度对应的所有目标发送功率，并确定比当前目标发送功率大的目标发送功率。
例如，导频当前的目标长度为l 1，其在导频长度和功率指示表对应的发送功率包括：p 1，p 2，p 3，…；其中，p 1＜p 2＜p 3＜…；若导频当前的目标长度为l 1，当前的目标发送功率为p 1，若判断需要调整目标配置参数，则可以将目标发送功率调整为p 2；可选地，还可以调整为p 3；
可选地，在调整基于目标配置参数表和所述导频的目标长度，增大导频的目标发送功率时，可以按照目标配置参数表中发送功率由小到大的顺序，依次增大目标发送功率，还可以是任选一个比当前大的目标发送功率，还可以按照目标配置参数表中发送功率由小到大的顺序，基于间隔一个或多个的规律增大目标发送功率，本实施例对此不作限定。
可选地，所述目标通信设备的通信对端是终端或网络侧设备的情况下，所述调整所述导频的目标配置参数包括：
基于所述预设调整值和所述导频的目标长度，增大导频的目标发送功率。
可选地，导频映射至延迟多普勒域中的导频资源块时是单点映射的情况下，可以基于导频当前的目标长度，基于预设调整值，调整当前目标发送功率。
例如，导频当前的目标长度为l 1，当前目标发送功率为p 1，预设调整值为a；a为正数，若判断需要调整目标配置参数，则可以将目标发送功率调整为p 1+n×a；其中，n≥1。
可选地，所述方法还包括：
若基于接收到的第二反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数，且所述导频的目标发送功率小于第二预设阈值，则继续调整所述导频的目标配置参数，其中，所述第二预设阈值包括：预设值，或者，目标配置参数表中所述导频的目标长度对应的最大发送功率。
可选地，导频为单点映射的情况下，在对导频的目标配置参数调整后可以将其与数据一起传输至通信对端，通信对端译码后可以获得译码相关信息，并基于译码相关信息发送第二反馈信息至目标通信设备。
可以理解的是，第一反馈信息和第二反馈信息以及二者的获取方式类似。
可选地，所述第二反馈信息包括：
译码相关信息，或者，目标配置参数调整指示信息；所述目标配置参数调整指示信息由所述通信对端基于所述译码相关信息确定需要调整所述目标配置参数后获得；所述目标配置参数调整指示信息用于指示调整目标配置参数。
可选地，由于第二反馈信息是通信对端对数据包进行译码获得译码相关信息后获得的，则第二反馈信息可以直接为译码相关信息，即目标通信设备的通信对端可以直接将译码相关信息发送给目标通信设备，以使目标通信设备基于译码相关信息确定是否需要调整导频的目标配置参数；
可选地，由于第二反馈信息是通信对端对数据包进行译码获得译码相关信息后获得的，则第二反馈信息还可以是：通信对端基于译码相关信息确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数后，给目标通信设备发送的目标配置参数调整指示信息，目标配置参数调整指示信息用于指示目标通信设备调整目标配置参数，以使目标通信设备接收到目标配置参数调整指示信息后，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数。
可选地，译码相关信息可以是BER，还可以是译码结果中的类似信息。
可选地，基于接收到的第二反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数，包括：
基于译码相关信息确定需要调整所述目标配置参数；或
基于目标配置参数调整指示信息确定需要调整所述目标配置参数。
可选地，基于译码相关信息确定需要调整所述目标配置参数，包括：
在所述译码相关信息大于第一预设阈值的情况下，确定需要调整所述目标配置参数。
可以系统预设或者协议规定译码相关信息的目标值，即第一预设阈值，在判断发现译码相关信息大于第一预设阈值的情况下，可以确定需要对目标配置参数进行调整。
可选地，译码相关信息可以由导频的长度和导频的功率决定，以译码相关信息是BER为例，可以记作bler(l,s)。
可选地，可以预设当前业务的目标BER为ε，即第一预设阈值，则只需要选取满足ber(l,s)≤ε的最小的l和s为目标配置参数，来最大程度的节省开销，因此，可以在判断发现ber(l,s)＞ε的情况下，调整目标配置参数。
可选地，在基于接收到的第二反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数后，还可以判断导频的目标发送功率是否小于第二预设阈值，若导频的目标发送功率小于第二预设阈值，则可以继续调整所述导频的目标配置参数，比如继续增大导频的目标发送功率。
可选地，所述方法还包括：
若基于接收到的第二反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数，且所述导频的目标发送功率大于或等于第二预设阈值，增大导频的目标长度。
可选地，导频的目标发送功率的第二预设阈值与导频的目标长度相对应，每一导频的长度，可以各自对应的目标发送功率的第二预设阈值不同，也可以相同。
可选地，若在导频的目标长度不变的情况下，导频的目标发送功率大于 或等于第二预设阈值，则可以认为在导频当前的目标程度下，传输性能已经处于最优了，若需要比当前传输性能更优，则可以调整导频的目标长度，比如增大导频的目标长度。
可选地，在基于接收到的第二反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数后，还可以判断导频的目标发送功率是否小于第二预设阈值，若导频的目标发送功率大于或等于第二预设阈值，则可以认为在导频当前的目标程度下，传输性能已经处于最优了，但由于依然需要调整导频的目标配置参数，则可以调整导频的目标长度。
可选地，在确定导频的目标长度后，可以重新确定导频的目标发送功率，比如基于目标配置参数表确定，或者基于系统预设或协议规定确定，或者确定任意值。
可选地，所述方法还包括：
若基于接收到的第二反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数，继续调整所述导频的目标配置参数。
可选地，在重新调整导频的目标长度后，可以继续对是否需要调整导频的目标配置参数进行判断，并在每一次需要调整导频的目标配置参数时，基于前述内容对导频的目标长度和/或导频的目标发送功率进行调整。
导频当前的目标长度为l 1，其在导频长度和功率指示表对应的发送功率包括：p 1，p 2，p 3，p 4；其中，p 1＜p 2＜p 3＜p 4；若导频当前的目标长度为l 1，当前的目标发送功率调整至最大的p 4以后，若判断还是需要调整目标配置参数，则可以增大导频当前的目标长度，比如将导频的目标长度取l 2，l 2＞l 1；依次类推，直到判断不需要调整目标配置参数。
可选地，以译码相关信息为BER为例，图15是本申请实施例提供的目标配置参数调整方法的示意图之一；如图15所示，导频参数选择流程可以如下：
1)目标通信设备初始选择占用资源最少的导频与数据复用在同一延迟多普勒资源块中发送。
可选地，通信对端需要知道导频的配置。
可选地，通信对端知道导频的配置方式可以是：
通过接收机进行序列盲检测实现；或
预先由其他信号/信道的检测/指示来实现。例如通过同步信号指示，或者通过PBCH/PDCCH中的消息指示等。本实施例对此不作限定。
2)通信对端对当前某一个/几个时隙的数据包进行译码，统计BER。根据BER发送第二反馈消息给发射机。
可选地，所述第二反馈信息包括：
译码相关信息，或者，目标配置参数调整指示信息；所述目标配置参数调整指示信息由所述通信对端基于所述译码相关信息确定需要调整所述目标配置参数后获得；所述目标配置参数调整指示信息用于指示调整目标配置参数。
3)目标通信设备根据收到的第二反馈消息，决定是否调整导频参数。
4)可以首先基于当前导频的目标长度，调整对应的目标发送功率；
5)在确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数后，还可以判断导频的目标发送功率是否大于等于第二预设阈值，若是，则可以增大导频的目标长度l，并且在下一次需要调整导频的目标配置参数后，基于增大后的导频的目标长度l，调整对应的目标发送功率。
可选地，可以按照更新后的导频参数继续发送导频。上述2)～5)的流程循环反复进行，直至确定可以不再调整目标配置参数。
可选地，所述目标通信设备的通信对端是终端的情况下，所述调整所述导频的目标配置参数包括：
基于所述目标配置参数表和所述导频的目标长度，减少导频的目标重叠映射个数。
可选地，导频映射至延迟多普勒域中的导频资源块时是重叠映射的情况下，目标配置参数表可以是导频长度和重叠个数指示表，如下表2所示：
表2导频长度和重叠个数指示表
Figure PCTCN2021141352-appb-000015
需要说明的是，上述表2仅作为对目标配置参数表的一个举例，并不作为对目标配置参数表的限定。
可选地，可以基于导频当前的目标长度，在目标配置参数表中查找导频当前的目标长度对应的所有目标重叠映射个数，并确定比当前目标重叠映射个数小的目标重叠映射个数。
例如，导频当前的目标长度为l 1，其在导频长度和重叠个数指示表对应的目标重叠映射个数包括：k 1，k 2，k 3，…；其中，k 1＞k 2＞k 3＞…；若导频当前的目标长度为l 1，当前的目标重叠映射个数为k 1，若判断需要调整目标配置参数，则可以将目标重叠映射个数调整为k 2；可选地，还可以调整为k 3；
可选地，在调整基于目标配置参数表和所述导频的目标长度，减少导频的目标重叠映射个数时，可以按照目标配置参数表中目标重叠映射个数由大到小的顺序，依次减少导频的目标重叠映射个数，还可以是任选一个比当前小的减少导频的目标重叠映射个数，还可以按照目标配置参数表中目标重叠映射个数由大到小的顺序，基于间隔一个或多个的规律减少导频的目标重叠映射个数，本实施例对此不作限定。
可选地，所述目标通信设备的通信对端是终端的情况下，所述调整所述导频的目标配置参数包括：
基于所述预设调整值和所述导频的目标长度，减少导频的目标重叠映射个数。
可选地，导频映射至延迟多普勒域中的导频资源块时是重叠映射的情况 下，可以基于导频当前的目标长度，基于预设调整值，减少导频的目标重叠映射个数。
例如，导频当前的目标长度为l 1，当前目标发送功率为k 1，预设调整值为b；b为正数，若判断需要调整目标配置参数，则可以将目标发送功率调整为k 1-m×b；其中，m≥1。
可选地，所述方法还包括：
若基于接收到的第三反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数，且所述导频的目标重叠映射个数大于第三预设阈值，继续调整所述导频的目标配置参数，其中，所述第三预设阈值包括：预设值，或者，所述目标配置参数表中所述导频的目标长度对应的最小重叠映射个数。
可选地，导频为重叠映射的情况下，在对导频的目标配置参数调整后可以将其与数据一起传输至通信对端，通信对端译码后可以获得译码相关信息，并基于译码相关信息发送第三反馈信息至目标通信设备。
可以理解的是，第一反馈信息和第三反馈信息以及二者的获取方式类似。
可选地，所述第三反馈信息包括：
译码相关信息，或者，目标配置参数调整指示信息；所述目标配置参数调整指示信息由所述通信对端基于所述译码相关信息确定需要调整所述目标配置参数后获得；所述目标配置参数调整指示信息用于指示调整目标配置参数。
可选地，由于第三反馈信息是通信对端对数据包进行译码获得译码相关信息后获得的，则第三反馈信息可以直接为译码相关信息，即目标通信设备的通信对端可以直接将译码相关信息发送给目标通信设备，以使目标通信设备基于译码相关信息确定是否需要调整导频的目标配置参数；
可选地，由于第三反馈信息是通信对端对数据包进行译码获得译码相关信息后获得的，则第三反馈信息还可以是：通信对端基于译码相关信息确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数后，给目标通信设备发送的目标配置参数调整指示信息，目标配置参数调整指示信息用于指示目标通信设备调整目标配置 参数，以使目标通信设备接收到目标配置参数调整指示信息后，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数。
可选地，译码相关信息可以是BER，还可以是译码结果中的类似信息。
可选地，基于接收到的第三反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数，包括：
基于译码相关信息确定需要调整所述目标配置参数；或
基于目标配置参数调整指示信息确定需要调整所述目标配置参数。
可选地，基于译码相关信息确定需要调整所述目标配置参数，包括：
在所述译码相关信息大于第一预设阈值的情况下，确定需要调整所述目标配置参数。
可以系统预设或者协议规定译码相关信息的目标值，即第一预设阈值，在判断发现译码相关信息大于第一预设阈值的情况下，可以确定需要对目标配置参数进行调整。
可选地，译码相关信息可以由导频的长度和导频的重叠映射个数决定，以译码相关信息是BER为例，可以记作bler(l,k)。其中l为导频长度，k为导频的个数。
可选地，可以预设当前业务的目标BER为ε，即第一预设阈值，则只需要选取满足ber(l,k)≤ε的最小的l和最大的k为目标配置参数，来最大程度的节省开销，因此，可以在判断发现ber(l,k)＞ε的情况下，调整目标配置参数。
可选地，在基于接收到的第三反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数后，还可以判断导频的目标重叠映射个数是否大于第三预设阈值，若导频的目标重叠映射个数大于第三预设阈值，则可以继续调整所述导频的目标配置参数，比如继续减少导频的目标重叠映射个数。
可选地，所述方法还包括：
若基于接收到的第三反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数，且所述导频的目标重叠映射个数小于或等于第三预设阈值，增大导频的目标长度。
可选地，导频的目标重叠映射个数的第三预设阈值与导频的目标长度相对应，每一导频的长度，可以各自对应的目标重叠映射个数的第三预设阈值不同，也可以相同。
可选地，若在导频的目标长度不变的情况下，导频的目标重叠映射个数小于或等于第三预设阈值，则可以认为在导频当前的目标程度下，传输性能已经处于最优了，若需要比当前传输性能更优，则可以调整导频的目标长度，比如增大导频的目标长度。
可选地，在基于接收到的第三反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数后，还可以判断导频的目标重叠映射个数是否大于第三预设阈值，若导频的目标重叠映射个数小于或等于第三预设阈值，则可以认为在导频当前的目标程度下，传输性能已经处于最优了，但由于依然需要调整导频的目标配置参数，则可以调整导频的目标长度。
可选地，在确定导频的目标长度后，可以重新确定导频的目标重叠映射个数，比如基于目标配置参数表确定，或者基于系统预设或协议规定确定，或者确定任意值。
可选地，所述方法还包括：
若基于接收到的第三反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数，继续调整所述导频的目标配置参数。
可选地，在重新调整导频的目标长度后，可以继续对是否需要调整导频的目标配置参数进行判断，并在每一次需要调整导频的目标配置参数时，基于前述内容对导频的目标长度和/或导频的目标重叠映射个数进行调整。
导频当前的目标长度为l 1，其在目标配置参数表对应的重叠映射个数包括：k 1，k 2，k 3，k 4；其中，k 1＞k 2＞k 3＞k 4；若导频当前的目标长度为l 1，当前的目标重叠映射个数调整至最小的k 4以后，若判断还是需要调整目标配置参数，则可以增大导频当前的目标长度，比如将导频的目标长度取l 2，l 2＞l 1；依次类推，直到判断不需要调整目标配置参数。
可选地，以译码相关信息为BER为例，图16是本申请实施例提供的目 标配置参数调整方法的示意图之二；如图16所示，导频参数选择流程可以如下：
1)目标通信设备初始选择选择占用资源最少的导频长度，和对应该导频长度最大的导频重叠个数，与数据复用在同一延迟多普勒资源块中发送。
可选地，通信对端需要知道导频的配置。
可选地，通信对端知道导频的配置方式可以是：
通过接收机进行序列盲检测实现；或
预先由其他信号/信道的检测/指示来实现。例如通过同步信号指示，或者通过PBCH/PDCCH中的消息指示等。本实施例对此不作限定。
2)通信对端对当前某一个/几个时隙的数据包进行译码，统计BER。根据BER发送第三反馈消息给发射机。
可选地，所述第三反馈信息包括：
译码相关信息，或者，目标配置参数调整指示信息；所述目标配置参数调整指示信息由所述通信对端基于所述译码相关信息确定需要调整所述目标配置参数后获得；所述目标配置参数调整指示信息用于指示调整目标配置参数。
3)目标通信设备根据收到的第三反馈消息，决定是否调整目标配置参数。
4)可以首先基于当前导频的目标长度，调整对应的目标重叠映射个数；
5)在确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数后，还可以判断导频的目标重叠映射个数是否小于等于第三预设阈值，若是，则可以增大导频的目标长度l，并且在下一次需要调整导频的目标配置参数后，基于增大后的导频的目标长度l，调整对应的目标重叠映射个数。
可选地，可以按照更新后的目标配置参数继续配置并发送导频。上述2)-5)的流程循环反复进行，直至确定可以不再调整目标配置参数。
可选地，所述方法还包括：
基于第一指示信息，将所述目标配置参数指示给通信对端。
可选地，可以基于第一指示信息，将目标配置参数指示给通信对端，以 使通信对端了解导频的配置情况。
可选地，通信对端可以进行序列盲检测实现，也可以事先由其他信号/信道的检测/指示来实现。
可选地，所述目标通信设备为网络侧设备时，所述第一指示信息可以通过同步信息携带，或者，由物理下行控制信道PDCCH或者物理广播信道PBCH承载。
可选地，所述目标通信设备为终端，通信对端是网络侧设备时，所述第一指示信息通过同步信息携带，或者，由物理上行控制信道PUCCH或者物理广播信道PBCH承载。
可选地，所述目标通信设备为终端，通信对端是终端时，所述第一指示信息由sidelink控制信令或同步消息携带，或，由物理侧边链路控制信道PSCCH或者物理侧边链路共享信道PSSCH或直通链路广播控制信道SBCCH承载。
可选地，所述方法还包括：
将初始导频与数据复用在导频资源块上进行传输；
其中，所述初始导频基于初始配置参数配置获得。
在对导频进行调整之前，可以首先基于初始配置参数配置获得初始导频，与数据复用在导频资源块上进行传输，以使通信对端可以进行译码获得译码相关信息，并基于译码相关信息发送第一反馈信息。
可以理解的是，此实施例仅为第一反馈信息的获取方式的其中一种，并不是唯一一种。
可选地，所述初始配置参数是预先设置的，或者，所述初始配置参数是从目标配置参数表选取的。
可选地，初始配置参数可以是系统预设的，还可以是协议预设的；
可选地，还可以在目标配置参数表随机选取一个或者基于一定规律比如选择表中的第c个索引对应的目标配置参数，c为正整数，本实施例对选取方式不作限定。
可选地，所述导频的目标配置参数包括所述导频的目标长度和目标发送功率的情况下，所述初始配置参数包括：使初始导频占用资源最少的配置参数。
可选地，在确定初始配置参数时，可以确定使初始导频占用资源最少的配置参数。
可选地，在导频单点映射的情况下，选择导频长度最短的配置参数。
可选地，所述导频的目标配置参数包括所述导频的目标长度和目标重叠映射个数的情况下，所述初始配置参数包括：第一导频长度，和/或，对应所述第一导频长度的第一重叠映射个数；
其中，所述第一导频长度的导频占用资源最少；所述第一重叠映射个数是与所述第一导频长度对应的重叠映射个数中最大的。
可选地，在导频重叠映射的情况下，选择导频长度最短和对应该长度的最大的导频重叠映射个数的配置参数组合。
可选地，所述方法还包括：
基于第二指示信息，将所述初始配置参数和/或目标配置参数指示给通信对端。
可选地，可以基于第二指示信息，将初始配置参数和/或目标配置参数指示给通信对端，以使通信对端了解导频的配置情况。
可选地，通信对端可以进行序列盲检测实现，也可以事先由其他信号/信道的检测/指示来实现。
可选地，所述目标通信设备为网络侧设备时，所述第二指示信息可以通过同步信息携带，或者，由物理下行控制信道PDCCH或者物理广播信道PBCH承载。
可选地，所述目标通信设备为终端，通信对端是网络侧设备时，所述第二指示信息通过同步信息携带，或者，由物理上行控制信道PUCCH或者物理广播信道PBCH承载。
可选地，所述目标通信设备为终端，通信对端是终端时，所述第二指示 信息由sidelink控制信令或同步消息携带，或，由物理侧边链路控制信道PSCCH或者物理侧边链路共享信道PSSCH或直通链路广播控制信道SBCCH承载。
可选地，所述第二指示信息包括：
初始配置参数和/或目标配置参数；或者
第一索引信息，所述第一索引信息用于指示所述初始配置参数和/或目标配置参数。
可选地，可以直接将初始配置参数和/或目标配置参数的值通过第二指示信息告知通信对端；
可选地，可以将初始配置参数和/或目标配置参数在目标配置参数表中对应的第一索引信息发送给通信对端，以使通信对端基于第一索引信息在目标配置参数表中确定初始配置参数和/或目标配置参数。
可选地，所述方法还包括：
确定所述导频资源块的目标形状。
可选地，导频资源块的目标形状不同，导频开销也可能不同。
可选地，还可以考虑非方形的资源映射方式。其理由是非方形的导频信号资源块在特定场景下可能可以节省开销。图17是本申请实施例提供的导频资源块的形状的示意图之一；图18是本申请实施例提供的导频资源块的形状的示意图之二；如图17和18所示，以方形和圆形映射为例：图中内部的小圆(半径为r)和小方块(边长为a)为导频所占资源，圆环和方形环为导频保护带所占资源。假设导频的长度为A，则满足：
Figure PCTCN2021141352-appb-000016
Figure PCTCN2021141352-appb-000017
因此，为简化分析，可以假设延迟维度和多普勒维度的导频保护带宽度相等且均等于g。圆形和方形映射的导频保护带开销分别为：
Figure PCTCN2021141352-appb-000018
Figure PCTCN2021141352-appb-000019
易知
Figure PCTCN2021141352-appb-000020
但是实际系统中，由于导频是以离散格点形式映射的，边缘并非平滑曲线，上述的圆形导频资源块只能近似实现，因而部分情况下可能不成立，图19是本申请实施例提供的导频资源块的形状的示意图之三；
由于离散格点映射下的保护带数量关系无法推导出闭合表达式，需要分具体情况一一讨论，在此无需一一列举。但是可以基于前面的公式，简单分析如下：
Figure PCTCN2021141352-appb-000021
因此，方形映射的导频开销相比圆形映射的导频开销更大，是一条在g∈[0,∞)区间内单调递增的抛物线，且g越大，开销增加的速度越快。
因此，不同形状的导频资源块映射在不同条件下开销各有优劣，且与(g,A)的取值相关。由此出发，可以设计不同的导频资源块形状，当(g,A)选定之后，可以采取相应的映射图案，以期望其保护带的开销最小。
可选地，所述导频资源块的目标形状包括：
曲线或折线所围成的封闭图形。
可选地，导频资源块的目标形状可以是矩形，比如长方形或者正方形；
可选地，导频资源块的目标形状可以是曲线或折线所围成的封闭图形，比如圆形或椭圆形。
可选地，所述导频资源块的目标形状基于延迟多普勒域的资源格的长和宽进行缩放。
可选地，可以让导频信号资源块的形状与当前延迟多普勒资源格的形状按照长宽比例缩放。
例如，当前延迟多普勒资源格为正方形时，导频信号资源块的形状可以是正方形或者圆形；当前延迟多普勒资源格为长方形时，当前延迟多普勒资 源格可以为长方形或者椭圆形。
可选地，所述确定所述导频资源块的形状，包括：
基于导频保护带的宽度，和所述导频的目标长度，确定导频资源块的目标形状。
可选地，导频信号资源块的长/宽或者长轴/短轴与延迟多普勒资源格长/宽可以为等比例缩放关系。
可选地，所述导频保护带的宽度基于信道质量信息计算获得。
可选地，为了防止接收信号格点上数据对导频符号的污染，导致不准确的信道估计，导频保护带的大小应该满足如下条件：
l τ≥τ maxMΔf；k ν≥ν maxNΔT；
其中τ max和ν max分别是信道所有路径的最大时延和最大多普勒频移。
可选地，所述基于导频保护带的宽度，和所述导频的目标长度，确定导频资源块的形状，包括：
基于导频保护带的宽度，和所述导频的目标长度，在导频资源块形状指示表中确定导频资源块的目标形状；
其中，所述导频资源块的目标形状在导频资源块形状指示表中与所述导频保护带的宽度和所述导频的目标长度相对应。
可选地，可以定义一个导频资源块形状指示表，其中确定了(g,A)与导频映射形状的关联关系，以便确定以及指示导频资源块的目标形状。
表3导频资源块指示表
索引 保护带宽度和导频长度 导频序列映射模式
0 (g 0,A 0) pattern 0
1 (g 1,A 1) pattern 1
2 (g 2,A 2) pattern 2
3 … …
可选地，在确定导频长度和保护带宽度后，可以基于导频保护带的宽度，和所述导频的目标长度，在导频资源块形状指示表中确定导频资源块的目标 形状；
可选地，可以在每一次确定导频长度后对导频资源块的目标形状进行重新确定。
可选地，与所述导频保护带的宽度和所述导频的目标长度相对应所有导频资源块的形状中，所述目标形状所占据的导频资源块数量最少。
可选地，在基于导频保护带的宽度，和所述导频的目标长度，在导频资源块形状指示表中确定导频资源块的目标形状时，可以在导频保护带的宽度，和所述导频的目标长度在导频资源块指示表中所有对应的形状中，确定使导频资源块数量最少的目标形状。
可选地，所述方法还包括：
基于第三指示信息，将所述导频资源块的目标形状指示给通信对端。
可选地，可以基于第三指示信息，将所述导频资源块的目标形状指示给通信对端，以使通信对端获知导频的配置情况及导频资源块的形状。
可选地，所述目标通信设备为网络侧设备时，所述第三指示信息可以通过同步信息携带，或者，由物理下行控制信道PDCCH或者物理广播信道PBCH承载。
可选地，所述目标通信设备为终端，通信对端是网络侧设备时，所述第三指示信息通过同步信息携带，或者，由物理上行控制信道PUCCH或者物理广播信道PBCH承载。
可选地，所述目标通信设备为终端，通信对端是终端时，所述第三指示信息由sidelink控制信令或同步消息携带，或，由物理侧边链路控制信道PSCCH或者物理侧边链路共享信道PSSCH或直通链路广播控制信道SBCCH承载。
可选地，所述第三指示信息包括：
所述导频资源块的目标形状，所述导频资源块的目标形状在导频资源块形状指示表中对应的所述导频保护带的宽度和所述导频的目标长度；或
第二索引信息，所述第二索引信息用于指示所述导频资源块的目标形状， 以及，所述导频资源块的目标形状在导频资源块形状指示表中对应的所述导频保护带的宽度和所述导频的目标长度。
可选地，目标通信设备可以将导频资源块的目标形状，所述导频资源块的目标形状在导频资源块形状指示表中对应的所述导频保护带的宽度和所述导频的目标长度指示给通信对端；
可选地，目标通信设备可以将导频资源块的目标形状，所述导频资源块的目标形状在导频资源块形状指示表中对应的所述导频保护带的宽度和所述导频的目标长度在导频资源块形状指示表中的第二索引信息。
可选地，所述方法还包括：
基于第四指示信息，将所述导频资源块形状指示表指示给通信对端。
可选的，可以首先基于第四指示信息，将导频资源块形状指示表指示给通信对端，以使通信对端可以基于导频资源块形状指示表及第二索引信息确定导频资源块的相关配置。
可选地，所述目标通信设备为网络侧设备时，所述第四指示信息可以通过同步信息携带，或者，由物理下行控制信道PDCCH或者物理广播信道PBCH承载。
可选地，所述目标通信设备为终端，通信对端是网络侧设备时，所述第四指示信息通过同步信息携带，或者，由物理上行控制信道PUCCH或者物理广播信道PBCH承载。
可选地，所述目标通信设备为终端，通信对端是终端时，所述第四指示信息由sidelink控制信令或同步消息携带，或，由物理侧边链路控制信道PSCCH或者物理侧边链路共享信道PSSCH或直通链路广播控制信道SBCCH承载。
可选地，所述方法还包括：
基于第五指示信息，指示触发或停止第一导频调整过程；
所述第一导频调整过程包括：所述基于接收到的第一反馈信息和/或第二导频想信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数。
可选地，在信道的时变性不显著的场景，为减少导频自适应反馈的开销，发送端可以通过特定的指示消息触发/关闭导频调整流程。
可选地，所述目标通信设备为网络侧设备时，所述第五指示信息可以通过同步信息携带，或者，由物理下行控制信道PDCCH或者物理广播信道PBCH承载。
可选地，所述目标通信设备为终端，通信对端是网络侧设备时，所述第五指示信息通过同步信息携带，或者，由物理上行控制信道PUCCH或者物理广播信道PBCH承载。
可选地，所述目标通信设备为终端，通信对端是终端时，所述第五指示信息由sidelink控制信令或同步消息携带，或，由物理侧边链路控制信道PSCCH或者物理侧边链路共享信道PSSCH或直通链路广播控制信道SBCCH承载。
可选地，所述方法还包括：
基于第六指示信息，指示通信对端的反馈周期；
所述反馈周期包括：译码相关信息统计的时间窗和/或所述反馈消息的发送周期。
可选地，为了避免频繁的发送反馈消息，目标通信设备可以通过第六指示信息来指示译码相关信息比如BER的统计的时间窗和反馈消息的发送周期。
在本申请实施例中，通过对导频进行参数配置后再映射到延迟多普勒域中的导频资源块上进行传输，考虑了导频的参数配置对导频开销和可靠性的影响，在保证业务可靠性的前提下，减少导频的开销。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例提供的导频传输方法，执行主体可以为导频传输装置，或者，该导频传输装置中的用于执行导频传输方法的控制模块。本申请实施例中以导频传输装置执行导频传输方法为例，说明本申请实施例提供的导频传输装置。
图20是本申请实施例提供的导频传输装置的结构示意图，该装置应用于目标通信设备，其特征在于，该装置包括：第一确定模块2010和第一传输模 块2020；其中：
第一确定模块2010用于确定导频的目标配置参数；
第一传输模块2020用于基于所述目标配置参数，将所述导频映射到延迟多普勒域中的导频资源块上进行传输。
具体地，导频传输装置通过第一确定模块2010确定导频的目标配置参数；然后通过第一传输模块2020基于所述目标配置参数，将所述导频映射到延迟多普勒域中的导频资源块上进行传输。
在此需要说明的是，本申请实施例提供的上述装置，能够实现上述导频传输方法实施例所实现的所有方法步骤，且能够达到相同的技术效果，在此不再对本实施例中与方法实施例相同的部分及有益效果进行具体赘述。
在本申请实施例中，通过对导频进行参数配置后再映射到延迟多普勒域中的导频资源块上进行传输，考虑了导频的参数配置对导频开销和可靠性的影响，在保证业务可靠性的前提下，减少导频的开销。
可选地，所述目标通信设备的通信对端是终端或网络侧设备的情况下，所述导频的目标配置参数包括：
导频的目标长度和导频的目标发送功率。
可选地，所述目标通信设备的通信对端是终端的情况下，所述导频的目标配置参数包括：
导频的目标长度和导频的目标重叠映射个数。
可选地，所述装置还包括：
第二确定模块，用于基于接收到的第一反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数；
其中，所述第一反馈信息是通信对端对数据包进行译码获得译码相关信息后获得的。
可选地，所述第一反馈信息包括：
译码相关信息，或者，目标配置参数调整指示信息；所述目标配置参数调整指示信息由所述通信对端基于所述译码相关信息确定需要调整所述目标 配置参数后获得；所述目标配置参数调整指示信息用于指示调整目标配置参数。
可选地，第二确定模块用于：
在所述译码相关信息大于第一预设阈值的情况下，确定需要调整所述目标配置参数。
可选地，所述第二确定模块具体用于：
基于目标配置参数表，调整所述导频的目标配置参数；
其中，所述目标配置参数表是协议预先规定的。
可选地，所述第二确定模块还用于：
基于预设调整值，调整所述导频的目标配置参数；
其中，所述预设调整值是协议预先规定的。
可选地，所述目标通信设备的通信对端是终端或网络侧设备的情况下，所述第二确定模块还用于：
基于所述目标配置参数表和所述导频的目标长度，增大导频的目标发送功率。
可选地，所述目标通信设备的通信对端是终端或网络侧设备的情况下，所述第二确定模块还用于：
基于所述预设调整值和所述导频的目标长度，增大导频的目标发送功率。
可选地，所述装置还包括：
第一调整模块，用于若基于接收到的第二反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数，且所述导频的目标发送功率小于第二预设阈值，则继续调整所述导频的目标配置参数，其中，所述第二预设阈值包括：预设值，或者，目标配置参数表中所述导频的目标长度对应的最大发送功率。
可选地，所述装置还包括：
第一增加模块，用于若基于接收到的第二反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数，且所述导频的目标发送功率大于或等于第二预设阈值，增大导频的目标长度。
可选地，所述装置还包括：
第二调整模块，用于若基于接收到的第二反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数，继续调整所述导频的目标配置参数。
可选地，所述目标通信设备的通信对端是终端的情况下，所述第二确定模块还用于：
基于所述目标配置参数表和所述导频的目标长度，减少导频的目标重叠映射个数。
可选地，所述目标通信设备的通信对端是终端的情况下，所述第二确定模块还用于：
基于所述预设调整值和所述导频的目标长度，减少导频的目标重叠映射个数。
可选地，所述装置还包括：
第三调整模块，用于若基于接收到的第三反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数，且所述导频的目标重叠映射个数大于第三预设阈值，继续调整所述导频的目标配置参数，其中，所述第三预设阈值包括：预设值，或者，所述目标配置参数表中所述导频的目标长度对应的最小重叠映射个数。
可选地，所述装置还包括：
第二增大模块，用于若基于接收到的第三反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数，且所述导频的目标重叠映射个数小于或等于第三预设阈值，增大导频的目标长度。
可选地，所述装置还包括：
第四调整模块，用于若基于接收到的第三反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数，继续调整所述导频的目标配置参数。
可选地，所述装置还包括：
第一指示模块，用于基于第一指示信息，将所述目标配置参数指示给通信对端。
可选地，所述装置还包括：
复用模块，用于将初始导频与数据复用在导频资源块上进行传输；
其中，所述初始导频基于初始配置参数配置获得。
可选地，所述初始配置参数是预先设置的，或者，所述初始配置参数是从目标配置参数表选取的。
可选地，所述导频的目标配置参数包括所述导频的目标长度和目标发送功率的情况下，所述初始配置参数包括：使初始导频占用资源最少的配置参数。
可选地，所述导频的目标配置参数包括所述导频的目标长度和目标重叠映射个数的情况下，所述初始配置参数包括：第一导频长度，和/或，对应所述第一导频长度的第一重叠映射个数；
其中，所述第一导频长度的导频占用资源最少；所述第一重叠映射个数是与所述第一导频长度对应的重叠映射个数中最大的。
可选地，所述装置还包括：
第二指示模块，用于基于第二指示信息，将所述初始配置参数和/或目标配置参数指示给通信对端。
可选地，所述第二指示信息包括：
初始配置参数和/或目标配置参数；或者
第一索引信息，所述第一索引信息用于指示所述初始配置参数和/或目标配置参数。
可选地，所述装置还包括：
第三确定模块，用于确定所述导频资源块的目标形状。
可选地，所述导频资源块的目标形状包括：
曲线或折线所围成的封闭图形。
可选地，所述导频资源块的目标形状基于延迟多普勒域的资源格的长和宽进行缩放。
可选地，所述第三确定模块具体用于：
基于导频保护带的宽度，和所述导频的目标长度，确定导频资源块的目 标形状。
可选地，所述导频保护带的宽度基于信道质量信息计算获得。
可选地，所述第三确定模块具体用于：
基于导频保护带的宽度，和所述导频的目标长度，在导频资源块形状指示表中确定导频资源块的目标形状；
其中，所述导频资源块的目标形状在导频资源块形状指示表中与所述导频保护带的宽度和所述导频的目标长度相对应。
可选地，与所述导频保护带的宽度和所述导频的目标长度相对应所有导频资源块的形状中，所述目标形状所占据的导频资源块数量最少。
可选地，所述装置还包括：
第三指示模块，用于基于第三指示信息，将所述导频资源块的目标形状指示给通信对端。
可选地，所述第三指示信息包括：
所述导频资源块的目标形状，所述导频资源块的目标形状在导频资源块形状指示表中对应的所述导频保护带的宽度和所述导频的目标长度；或
第二索引信息，所述第二索引信息用于指示所述导频资源块的目标形状，以及，所述导频资源块的目标形状在导频资源块形状指示表中对应的所述导频保护带的宽度和所述导频的目标长度。
可选地，所述装置还包括：
第四指示模块，用于基于第四指示信息，将所述导频资源块形状指示表指示给通信对端。
可选地，所述装置还包括：
第五指示模块，用于基于第五指示信息，指示触发或停止第一导频调整过程；
所述第一导频调整过程包括：基于接收到的第一反馈信息和/或第二导频信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数。
可选地，所述装置还包括：
第六指示模块，用于基于第六指示信息，指示通信对端的反馈周期；
所述反馈周期包括：译码相关信息统计的时间窗和/或所述反馈消息的发送周期。
在本申请实施例中，通过对导频进行参数配置后再映射到延迟多普勒域中的导频资源块上进行传输，考虑了导频的参数配置对导频开销和可靠性的影响，在保证业务可靠性的前提下，减少导频的开销。
本申请实施例中的导频传输装置可以是装置，也可以是终端中的部件、集成电路、或芯片。该装置可以是移动终端，也可以为非移动终端。示例性的，移动终端可以包括但不限于上述所列举的终端11的类型，非移动终端可以为服务器、网络附属存储器(Network Attached Storage，NAS)、个人计算机(personal computer，PC)、电视机(television，TV)、柜员机或者自助机等，本申请实施例不作具体限定。
本申请实施例中的导频传输装置可以为具有操作系统的装置。该操作系统可以为安卓(Android)操作系统，可以为ios操作系统，还可以为其他可能的操作系统，本申请实施例不作具体限定。
本申请实施例提供的导频传输装置能够实现图11至图19的方法实施例实现的各个过程，并达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
可选的，图21是本申请实施例提供的目标通信设备的结构示意图，如图21所示，通信设备2100，包括处理器2101，存储器2102，存储在存储器2102上并可在所述处理器2101上运行的程序或指令，例如，该通信设备2100为终端时，该程序或指令被处理器2101执行时实现上述导频传输方法实施例的各个过程，且能达到相同的技术效果。该通信设备2100为网络侧设备时，该程序或指令被处理器2101执行时实现上述同步信号块的传输方法实施例的各个过程，且能达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
可以理解的是，本申请中的目标通信设备可以是网络侧设备，也可以是终端。
图22是本申请实施例提供的网络侧设备的硬件结构示意图。
如图22所示，该网络侧设备2200包括：天线2201、射频装置2202、基带装置2203。天线2201与射频装置2202连接。在上行方向上，射频装置2202通过天线2201接收信息，将接收的信息发送给基带装置2203进行处理。在下行方向上，基带装置2203对要发送的信息进行处理，并发送给射频装置2202，射频装置2202对收到的信息进行处理后经过天线2201发送出去。
上述频带处理装置可以位于基带装置2203中，以上实施例中网络侧设备执行的方法可以在基带装置2203中实现，该基带装置2203包括处理器2204和存储器2205。
基带装置2203例如可以包括至少一个基带板，该基带板上设置有多个芯片，如图22所示，其中一个芯片例如为处理器2204，与存储器2205连接，以调用存储器2205中的程序，执行以上方法实施例中所示的网络设备操作。
该基带装置2203还可以包括网络接口2206，用于与射频装置2202交互信息，该接口例如为通用公共无线接口(common public radio interface，简称CPRI)。
具体地，本申请实施例的网络侧设备还包括：存储在存储器2205上并可在处理器2204上运行的指令或程序，处理器2204调用存储器2205中的指令或程序执行图20所示各模块执行的方法，并达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，故不在此赘述。
其中，处理器2204用于：
确定导频的目标配置参数；
基于所述目标配置参数，将所述导频映射到延迟多普勒域中的导频资源块上进行传输。
在本申请实施例中，通过对导频进行参数配置后再映射到延迟多普勒域中的导频资源块上进行传输，考虑了导频的参数配置对导频开销和可靠性的影响，在保证业务可靠性的前提下，减少导频的开销。
可选地，所述导频的目标配置参数包括：
导频的目标长度和导频的目标发送功率。
可选地，所述导频的目标配置参数包括：
导频的目标长度和导频的目标重叠映射个数。
可选地，处理器2204还用于：
基于接收到的第一反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数；
其中，所述第一反馈信息是通信对端对数据包进行译码获得译码相关信息后获得的。
可选地，所述第一反馈信息包括：
译码相关信息，或者，目标配置参数调整指示信息；所述目标配置参数调整指示信息由所述通信对端基于所述译码相关信息确定需要调整所述目标配置参数后获得；所述目标配置参数调整指示信息用于指示调整目标配置参数。
可选地，处理器2204还用于：
在所述译码相关信息大于第一预设阈值的情况下，确定需要调整所述目标配置参数。
可选地，处理器2204还用于：
基于目标配置参数表，调整所述导频的目标配置参数；
其中，所述目标配置参数表是协议预先规定的。
可选地，处理器2204还用于：
基于预设调整值，调整所述导频的目标配置参数；
其中，所述预设调整值是协议预先规定的。
可选地，处理器2204还用于：
基于所述目标配置参数表和所述导频的目标长度，增大导频的目标发送功率。
可选地，处理器2204还用于：
基于所述预设调整值和所述导频的目标长度，增大导频的目标发送功率。
可选地，处理器2204还用于：
若基于接收到的第二反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数，且 所述导频的目标发送功率小于第二预设阈值，则继续调整所述导频的目标配置参数，其中，所述第二预设阈值包括：预设值，或者，目标配置参数表中所述导频的目标长度对应的最大发送功率。
可选地，处理器2204还用于：
若基于接收到的第二反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数，且所述导频的目标发送功率大于或等于第二预设阈值，增大导频的目标长度。
可选地，处理器2204还用于：
若基于接收到的第二反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数，继续调整所述导频的目标配置参数。
可选地，处理器2204还用于：
基于所述目标配置参数表和所述导频的目标长度，减少导频的目标重叠映射个数。
可选地，处理器2204还用于：
基于所述预设调整值和所述导频的目标长度，减少导频的目标重叠映射个数。
可选地，处理器2204还用于：
若基于接收到的第三反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数，且所述导频的目标重叠映射个数大于第三预设阈值，继续调整所述导频的目标配置参数，其中，所述第三预设阈值包括：预设值，或者，所述目标配置参数表中所述导频的目标长度对应的最小重叠映射个数。
可选地，处理器2204还用于：
若基于接收到的第三反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数，且所述导频的目标重叠映射个数小于或等于第三预设阈值，增大导频的目标长度。
可选地，处理器2204还用于：
若基于接收到的第三反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数，继续调整所述导频的目标配置参数。
可选地，处理器2204还用于：
基于第一指示信息，将所述目标配置参数指示给通信对端。
可选地，处理器2204还用于：
将初始导频与数据复用在导频资源块上进行传输；
其中，所述初始导频基于初始配置参数配置获得。
可选地，所述初始配置参数是预先设置的，或者，所述初始配置参数是从目标配置参数表选取的。
可选地，所述导频的目标配置参数包括所述导频的目标长度和目标发送功率的情况下，所述初始配置参数包括：使初始导频占用资源最少的配置参数。
可选地，所述导频的目标配置参数包括所述导频的目标长度和目标重叠映射个数的情况下，所述初始配置参数包括：第一导频长度，和/或，对应所述第一导频长度的第一重叠映射个数；
其中，所述第一导频长度的导频占用资源最少；所述第一重叠映射个数是与所述第一导频长度对应的重叠映射个数中最大的。
可选地，处理器2204还用于：
基于第二指示信息，将所述初始配置参数和/或目标配置参数指示给通信对端。
可选地，所述第二指示信息包括：
初始配置参数和/或目标配置参数；或者
第一索引信息，所述第一索引信息用于指示所述初始配置参数和/或目标配置参数。
可选地，处理器2204还用于：
确定所述导频资源块的目标形状。
可选地，所述导频资源块的目标形状包括：
曲线或折线所围成的封闭图形。
可选地，所述导频资源块的目标形状基于延迟多普勒域的资源格的长和 宽进行缩放。
可选地，处理器2204还用于：
基于导频保护带的宽度，和所述导频的目标长度，确定导频资源块的目标形状。
可选地，所述导频保护带的宽度基于信道质量信息计算获得。
可选地，处理器2204还用于：
基于导频保护带的宽度，和所述导频的目标长度，在导频资源块形状指示表中确定导频资源块的目标形状；
其中，所述导频资源块的目标形状在导频资源块形状指示表中与所述导频保护带的宽度和所述导频的目标长度相对应。
可选地，与所述导频保护带的宽度和所述导频的目标长度相对应所有导频资源块的形状中，所述目标形状所占据的导频资源块数量最少。
可选地，处理器2204还用于：
基于第三指示信息，将所述导频资源块的目标形状指示给通信对端。
可选地，所述第三指示信息包括：
所述导频资源块的目标形状，所述导频资源块的目标形状在导频资源块形状指示表中对应的所述导频保护带的宽度和所述导频的目标长度；或
第二索引信息，所述第二索引信息用于指示所述导频资源块的目标形状，以及，所述导频资源块的目标形状在导频资源块形状指示表中对应的所述导频保护带的宽度和所述导频的目标长度。
可选地，处理器2204还用于：
基于第四指示信息，将所述导频资源块形状指示表指示给通信对端。
可选地，处理器2204还用于：
基于第五指示信息，指示触发或停止第一导频调整过程；
所述第一导频调整过程包括：基于接收到的第一反馈信息和/或第二导频信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数。
可选地，处理器2204还用于：
基于第六指示信息，指示通信对端的反馈周期；
所述反馈周期包括：译码相关信息统计的时间窗和/或所述反馈消息的发送周期。
在本申请实施例中，通过对导频进行参数配置后再映射到延迟多普勒域中的导频资源块上进行传输，考虑了导频的参数配置对导频开销和可靠性的影响，在保证业务可靠性的前提下，减少导频的开销。
图23是本申请实施例提供的终端的硬件结构示意图。
该终端2300包括但不限于：射频单元2301、网络模块2302、音频输出单元2303、输入单元2304、传感器2305、显示单元2306、用户输入单元2307、接口单元2308、存储器2309、以及处理器2310等部件。
本领域技术人员可以理解，终端2300还可以包括给各个部件供电的电源(比如电池)，电源可以通过电源管理系统与处理器2310逻辑相连，从而通过电源管理系统实现管理充电、放电、以及功耗管理等功能。图23中示出的终端结构并不构成对终端的限定，终端可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者不同的部件布置，在此不再赘述。
应理解的是，本申请实施例中，输入单元2304可以包括图形处理器(Graphics Processing Unit，GPU)23041和麦克风23042，图形处理器23041对在视频捕获模式或图像捕获模式中由图像捕获装置(如摄像头)获得的静态图片或视频的图像数据进行处理。显示单元2306可包括显示面板23061，可以采用液晶显示器、有机发光二极管等形式来配置显示面板23061。用户输入单元2307包括触控面板23071以及其他输入设备23072。触控面板23071，也称为触摸屏。触控面板23071可包括触摸检测装置和触摸控制器两个部分。其他输入设备23072可以包括但不限于物理键盘、功能键(比如音量控制按键、开关按键等)、轨迹球、鼠标、操作杆，在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例中，射频单元2301将来自通信对端的信息接收后，给处理器2310处理；另外，将待传输的信息发送给通信对端。通常，射频单元2301包括但不限于天线、至少一个放大器、收发信机、耦合器、低噪声放大器、 双工器等。
存储器2309可用于存储软件程序或指令以及各种数据。存储器2309可主要包括存储程序或指令区和存储数据区，其中，存储程序或指令区可存储操作系统、至少一个功能所需的应用程序或指令(比如声音播放功能、图像播放功能等)等。此外，存储器2309可以包括高速随机存取存储器，还可以包括非易失性存储器，其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(Programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(Electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。例如至少一个磁盘存储器件、闪存器件、或其他非易失性固态存储器件。
处理器2310可包括一个或多个处理单元；可选的，处理器2310可集成应用处理器和调制解调处理器，其中，应用处理器主要处理操作系统、用户界面和应用程序或指令等，调制解调处理器主要处理无线通信，如基带处理器。可以理解的是，上述调制解调处理器也可以不集成到处理器2310中。
其中，处理器2310，用于：
确定导频的目标配置参数；
基于所述目标配置参数，将所述导频映射到延迟多普勒域中的导频资源块上进行传输。
在本申请实施例中，通过对导频进行参数配置后再映射到延迟多普勒域中的导频资源块上进行传输，考虑了导频的参数配置对导频开销和可靠性的影响，在保证业务可靠性的前提下，减少导频的开销。
可选地，所述导频的目标配置参数包括：
导频的目标长度和导频的目标发送功率。
可选地，所述导频的目标配置参数包括：
导频的目标长度和导频的目标重叠映射个数。
可选地，处理器2310还用于：
基于接收到的第一反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数；
其中，所述第一反馈信息是通信对端对数据包进行译码获得译码相关信息后获得的。
可选地，所述第一反馈信息包括：
译码相关信息，或者，目标配置参数调整指示信息；所述目标配置参数调整指示信息由所述通信对端基于所述译码相关信息确定需要调整所述目标配置参数后获得；所述目标配置参数调整指示信息用于指示调整目标配置参数。
可选地，处理器2310还用于：
在所述译码相关信息大于第一预设阈值的情况下，确定需要调整所述目标配置参数。
可选地，处理器2310还用于：
基于目标配置参数表，调整所述导频的目标配置参数；
其中，所述目标配置参数表是协议预先规定的。
可选地，处理器2310还用于：
基于预设调整值，调整所述导频的目标配置参数；
其中，所述预设调整值是协议预先规定的。
可选地，处理器2310还用于：
基于所述目标配置参数表和所述导频的目标长度，增大导频的目标发送功率。
可选地，处理器2310还用于：
基于所述预设调整值和所述导频的目标长度，增大导频的目标发送功率。
可选地，处理器2310还用于：
若基于接收到的第二反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数，且所述导频的目标发送功率小于第二预设阈值，则继续调整所述导频的目标配置参数，其中，所述第二预设阈值包括：预设值，或者，目标配置参数表中所述导频的目标长度对应的最大发送功率。
可选地，处理器2310还用于：
若基于接收到的第二反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数，且所述导频的目标发送功率大于或等于第二预设阈值，增大导频的目标长度。
可选地，处理器2310还用于：
若基于接收到的第二反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数，继续调整所述导频的目标配置参数。
可选地，处理器2310还用于：
基于所述目标配置参数表和所述导频的目标长度，减少导频的目标重叠映射个数。
可选地，处理器2310还用于：
基于所述预设调整值和所述导频的目标长度，减少导频的目标重叠映射个数。
可选地，处理器2310还用于：
若基于接收到的第三反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数，且所述导频的目标重叠映射个数大于第三预设阈值，继续调整所述导频的目标配置参数，其中，所述第三预设阈值包括：预设值，或者，所述目标配置参数表中所述导频的目标长度对应的最小重叠映射个数。
可选地，处理器2310还用于：
若基于接收到的第三反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数，且所述导频的目标重叠映射个数小于或等于第三预设阈值，增大导频的目标长度。
可选地，处理器2310还用于：
若基于接收到的第三反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数，继续调整所述导频的目标配置参数。
可选地，处理器2310还用于：
基于第一指示信息，将所述目标配置参数指示给通信对端。
可选地，处理器2310还用于：
将初始导频与数据复用在导频资源块上进行传输；
其中，所述初始导频基于初始配置参数配置获得。
可选地，所述初始配置参数是预先设置的，或者，所述初始配置参数是从目标配置参数表选取的。
可选地，所述导频的目标配置参数包括所述导频的目标长度和目标发送功率的情况下，所述初始配置参数包括：使初始导频占用资源最少的配置参数。
可选地，所述导频的目标配置参数包括所述导频的目标长度和目标重叠映射个数的情况下，所述初始配置参数包括：第一导频长度，和/或，对应所述第一导频长度的第一重叠映射个数；
其中，所述第一导频长度的导频占用资源最少；所述第一重叠映射个数是与所述第一导频长度对应的重叠映射个数中最大的。
可选地，处理器2310还用于：
基于第二指示信息，将所述初始配置参数和/或目标配置参数指示给通信对端。
可选地，所述第二指示信息包括：
初始配置参数和/或目标配置参数；或者
第一索引信息，所述第一索引信息用于指示所述初始配置参数和/或目标配置参数。
可选地，处理器2310还用于：
确定所述导频资源块的目标形状。
可选地，所述导频资源块的目标形状包括：
曲线或折线所围成的封闭图形。
可选地，所述导频资源块的目标形状基于延迟多普勒域的资源格的长和宽进行缩放。
可选地，处理器2310还用于：
基于导频保护带的宽度，和所述导频的目标长度，确定导频资源块的目标形状。
可选地，所述导频保护带的宽度基于信道质量信息计算获得。
可选地，处理器2310还用于：
基于导频保护带的宽度，和所述导频的目标长度，在导频资源块形状指示表中确定导频资源块的目标形状；
其中，所述导频资源块的目标形状在导频资源块形状指示表中与所述导频保护带的宽度和所述导频的目标长度相对应。
可选地，与所述导频保护带的宽度和所述导频的目标长度相对应所有导频资源块的形状中，所述目标形状所占据的导频资源块数量最少。
可选地，处理器2310还用于：
基于第三指示信息，将所述导频资源块的目标形状指示给通信对端。
可选地，所述第三指示信息包括：
所述导频资源块的目标形状，所述导频资源块的目标形状在导频资源块形状指示表中对应的所述导频保护带的宽度和所述导频的目标长度；或
第二索引信息，所述第二索引信息用于指示所述导频资源块的目标形状，以及，所述导频资源块的目标形状在导频资源块形状指示表中对应的所述导频保护带的宽度和所述导频的目标长度。
可选地，处理器2310还用于：
基于第四指示信息，将所述导频资源块形状指示表指示给通信对端。
可选地，处理器2310还用于：
基于第五指示信息，指示触发或停止第一导频调整过程；
所述第一导频调整过程包括：基于接收到的第一反馈信息和/或第二导频信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数。
可选地，处理器2310还用于：
基于第六指示信息，指示通信对端的反馈周期；
所述反馈周期包括：译码相关信息统计的时间窗和/或所述反馈消息的发送周期。
在本申请实施例中，通过对导频进行参数配置后再映射到延迟多普勒域 中的导频资源块上进行传输，考虑了导频的参数配置对导频开销和可靠性的影响，在保证业务可靠性的前提下，减少导频的开销。
本申请实施例还提供一种可读存储介质，所述可读存储介质上存储有程序或指令，该程序或指令被处理器执行时实现上述导频传输方法实施例的各个过程，且能达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
其中，所述处理器为上述实施例中所述的终端中的处理器。所述可读存储介质，包括计算机可读存储介质，如计算机只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等。
本申请实施例另提供了一种芯片，所述芯片包括处理器和通信接口，所述通信接口和所述处理器耦合，所述处理器用于运行网络侧设备程序或指令，实现上述导频传输方法实施例的各个过程，且能达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
应理解，本申请实施例提到的芯片还可以称为系统级芯片，系统芯片，芯片系统或片上系统芯片等。
本申请实施例提供了一种计算机程序产品，所述程序产品被存储在非易失的存储介质中，所述程序产品被至少一个处理器执行以实现上述方法实施例的各个过程，且能达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
本申请实施例提供了一种通信设备，被配置为执行如上述方法各个实施例的各个过程，且能达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
需要说明的是，在本文中，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者装置所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括该要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置中还存在另外的相同要素。此外，需要指出的是，本申请实施方式中的方法和装置的范围不限按示出或讨论的顺序来执行功能，还 可包括根据所涉及的功能按基本同时的方式或按相反的顺序来执行功能，例如，可以按不同于所描述的次序来执行所描述的方法，并且还可以添加、省去、或组合各种步骤。另外，参照某些示例所描述的特征可在其他示例中被组合。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到上述实施例方法可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现，当然也可以通过硬件，但很多情况下前者是更佳的实施方式。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质(如ROM/RAM、磁碟、光盘)中，包括若干指令用以使得一台终端(可以是手机，计算机，服务器，空调器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述的方法。
上面结合附图对本申请的实施例进行了描述，但是本申请并不局限于上述的具体实施方式，上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的，而不是限制性的，本领域的普通技术人员在本申请的启示下，在不脱离本申请宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下，还可做出很多形式，均属于本申请的保护之内。

Claims (49)

  1. 一种导频传输方法，应用于目标通信设备，所述方法包括：
    确定导频的目标配置参数；
    基于所述目标配置参数，将所述导频映射到延迟多普勒域中的导频资源块上进行传输。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述目标通信设备的通信对端是终端或网络侧设备的情况下，所述导频的目标配置参数包括：
    导频的目标长度和导频的目标发送功率。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述目标通信设备的通信对端是终端的情况下，所述导频的目标配置参数包括：
    导频的目标长度和导频的目标重叠映射个数。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    基于接收到的第一反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数；
    其中，所述第一反馈信息是通信对端对数据包进行译码获得译码相关信息后获得的。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述第一反馈信息包括：
    译码相关信息，或者，目标配置参数调整指示信息；所述目标配置参数调整指示信息由所述通信对端基于所述译码相关信息确定需要调整所述目标配置参数后获得；所述目标配置参数调整指示信息用于指示调整目标配置参数。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的导频传输方法，其中，基于译码相关信息确定需要调整所述目标配置参数，包括：
    在所述译码相关信息大于第一预设阈值的情况下，确定需要调整所述目标配置参数。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述调整导频的目标配置参数，包括：
    基于目标配置参数表，调整所述导频的目标配置参数；
    其中，所述目标配置参数表是协议预先规定的。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述调整导频的目标配置参数，包括：
    基于预设调整值，调整所述导频的目标配置参数；
    其中，所述预设调整值是协议预先规定的。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述目标通信设备的通信对端是终端或网络侧设备的情况下，所述调整所述导频的目标配置参数包括：
    基于所述目标配置参数表和所述导频的目标长度，增大导频的目标发送功率。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述目标通信设备的通信对端是终端或网络侧设备的情况下，所述调整所述导频的目标配置参数包括：
    基于所述预设调整值和所述导频的目标长度，增大导频的目标发送功率。
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    若基于接收到的第二反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数，且所述导频的目标发送功率小于第二预设阈值，则继续调整所述导频的目标配置参数，其中，所述第二预设阈值包括：预设值，或者，目标配置参数表中所述导频的目标长度对应的最大发送功率。
  12. 根据权利要求9或10所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    若基于接收到的第二反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数，且所述导频的目标发送功率大于或等于第二预设阈值，增大导频的目标长度。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    若基于接收到的第二反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数，继续调整所述导频的目标配置参数。
  14. 根据权利要求7所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述目标通信设备的通信对端是终端的情况下，所述调整所述导频的目标配置参数包括：
    基于所述目标配置参数表和所述导频的目标长度，减少导频的目标重叠映射个数。
  15. 根据权利要求8所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述目标通信设备的通信对端是终端的情况下，所述调整所述导频的目标配置参数包括：
    基于所述预设调整值和所述导频的目标长度，减少导频的目标重叠映射个数。
  16. 根据权利要求14或15所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    若基于接收到的第三反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数，且所述导频的目标重叠映射个数大于第三预设阈值，继续调整所述导频的目标配置参数，其中，所述第三预设阈值包括：预设值，或者，所述目标配置参数表中所述导频的目标长度对应的最小重叠映射个数。
  17. 根据权利要求14或15所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    若基于接收到的第三反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数，且所述导频的目标重叠映射个数小于或等于第三预设阈值，增大导频的目标长度。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    若基于接收到的第三反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数，继续调整所述导频的目标配置参数。
  19. 根据权利要求13或18所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    基于第一指示信息，将所述目标配置参数指示给通信对端。
  20. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    将初始导频与数据复用在导频资源块上进行传输；
    其中，所述初始导频基于初始配置参数配置获得。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述初始配置参数是预先设置的，或者，所述初始配置参数是从目标配置参数表选取的。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述导频的目标配置参数包括所述导频的目标长度和目标发送功率的情况下，所述初始配置参数包括：使初始导频占用资源最少的配置参数。
  23. 根据权利要求21所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述导频的目标配置参数包括所述导频的目标长度和目标重叠映射个数的情况下，所述初始配置参数包括：第一导频长度，和/或，对应所述第一导频长度的第一重叠映射个数；
    其中，所述第一导频长度的导频占用资源最少；所述第一重叠映射个数是与所述第一导频长度对应的重叠映射个数中最大的。
  24. 根据权利要求20至23任一项所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    基于第二指示信息，将所述初始配置参数和/或目标配置参数指示给通信对端。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述第二指示信息包括：
    初始配置参数和/或目标配置参数；或者
    第一索引信息，所述第一索引信息用于指示所述初始配置参数和/或目标配置参数。
  26. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    确定所述导频资源块的目标形状。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述导频资源块的目标形状包括：
    曲线或折线所围成的封闭图形。
  28. 根据权利要求26或27所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述导频资源 块的目标形状基于延迟多普勒域的资源格的长和宽进行缩放。
  29. 根据权利要求26所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述确定所述导频资源块的形状，包括：
    基于导频保护带的宽度，和所述导频的目标长度，确定导频资源块的目标形状。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述导频保护带的宽度基于信道质量信息计算获得。
  31. 根据权利要求29所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述基于导频保护带的宽度，和所述导频的目标长度，确定导频资源块的形状，包括：
    基于导频保护带的宽度，和所述导频的目标长度，在导频资源块形状指示表中确定导频资源块的目标形状；
    其中，所述导频资源块的目标形状在导频资源块形状指示表中与所述导频保护带的宽度和所述导频的目标长度相对应。
  32. 根据权利要求31所述的导频传输方法，其中，与所述导频保护带的宽度和所述导频的目标长度相对应所有导频资源块的形状中，所述目标形状所占据的导频资源块数量最少。
  33. 根据权利要求31或32所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    基于第三指示信息，将所述导频资源块的目标形状指示给通信对端。
  34. 根据权利要求33所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述第三指示信息包括：
    所述导频资源块的目标形状，所述导频资源块的目标形状在导频资源块形状指示表中对应的所述导频保护带的宽度和所述导频的目标长度；或
    第二索引信息，所述第二索引信息用于指示所述导频资源块的目标形状，以及，所述导频资源块的目标形状在导频资源块形状指示表中对应的所述导频保护带的宽度和所述导频的目标长度。
  35. 根据权利要求34所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    基于第四指示信息，将所述导频资源块形状指示表指示给通信对端。
  36. 根据权利要求4或5所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    基于第五指示信息，指示触发或停止第一导频调整过程；
    所述第一导频调整过程包括：基于接收到的第一反馈信息和/或第二导频信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数。
  37. 根据权利要求4或5所述的导频传输方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    基于第六指示信息，指示通信对端的反馈周期；
    所述反馈周期包括：译码相关信息统计的时间窗和/或所述反馈消息的发送周期。
  38. 一种导频传输装置，应用于目标通信设备，所述装置包括：
    第一确定模块，用于确定导频的目标配置参数；
    第一传输模块，用于基于所述目标配置参数，将所述导频映射到延迟多普勒域中的导频资源块上进行传输。
  39. 根据权利要求38所述的导频传输装置，其中，所述装置还包括：
    第二确定模块，用于基于接收到的第一反馈信息，确定需要调整导频的目标配置参数；
    其中，所述第一反馈信息是通信对端对数据包进行译码获得译码相关信息后获得的。
  40. 根据权利要求39所述的导频传输装置，其中，所述第二确定模块具体用于：
    基于目标配置参数表，调整所述导频的目标配置参数；
    其中，所述目标配置参数表是协议预先规定的。
  41. 根据权利要求39所述的导频传输装置，其中，所述第二确定模块具体用于：
    基于预设调整值，调整所述导频的目标配置参数；
    其中，所述预设调整值是协议预先规定的。
  42. 根据权利要求38或39所述的导频传输装置，其中，所述装置还包 括：
    第三确定模块，用于确定所述导频资源块的目标形状。
  43. 根据权利要求42所述的导频传输装置，其中，所述第三确定模块具体用于：
    基于导频保护带的宽度，和所述导频的目标长度，确定导频资源块的目标形状。
  44. 根据权利要求43所述的导频传输装置，其中，所述第三确定模块具体用于：
    基于导频保护带的宽度，和所述导频的目标长度，在导频资源块形状指示表中确定导频资源块的目标形状；
    其中，所述导频资源块的目标形状在导频资源块形状指示表中与所述导频保护带的宽度和所述导频的目标长度相对应。
  45. 一种目标通信设备，包括处理器，存储器及存储在所述存储器上并可在所述处理器上运行的程序或指令，所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时实现如权利要求1至37任一项所述的导频传输方法的步骤。
  46. 一种可读存储介质，所述可读存储介质上存储程序或指令，所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时实现如权利要求1至37任一项所述的导频传输方法的步骤。
  47. 一种芯片，包括处理器和通信接口，所述通信接口和所述处理器耦合，所述处理器用于运行程序或指令，实现如权利要求1至37中任一项所述的方法的步骤。
  48. 一种计算机程序产品，所述程序产品被存储在非易失的存储介质中，所述程序产品被至少一个处理器执行以实现如权利要求1至37中任一项所述的方法的步骤。
  49. 一种通信设备，被配置为执行如权利要求1至37中任一项所述的方法的步骤。
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