WO2022135058A1 - 雾化器及电子雾化装置 - Google Patents

雾化器及电子雾化装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022135058A1
WO2022135058A1 PCT/CN2021/133814 CN2021133814W WO2022135058A1 WO 2022135058 A1 WO2022135058 A1 WO 2022135058A1 CN 2021133814 W CN2021133814 W CN 2021133814W WO 2022135058 A1 WO2022135058 A1 WO 2022135058A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid inlet
liquid
insulating layer
heating
atomizer
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Application number
PCT/CN2021/133814
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周宏明
李洪
李欢喜
彭策
Original Assignee
深圳麦克韦尔科技有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳麦克韦尔科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳麦克韦尔科技有限公司
Priority to EP21909057.8A priority Critical patent/EP4268637A1/en
Publication of WO2022135058A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022135058A1/zh
Priority to US18/339,048 priority patent/US20230329343A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
    • A24F40/46—Shape or structure of electric heating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B17/00—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups
    • B05B17/04—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods
    • B05B17/06—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations
    • B05B17/0607—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers
    • B05B17/0638—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers spray being produced by discharging the liquid or other fluent material through a plate comprising a plurality of orifices
    • B05B17/0646—Vibrating plates, i.e. plates being directly subjected to the vibrations, e.g. having a piezoelectric transducer attached thereto
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/05—Devices without heating means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/10—Devices using liquid inhalable precursors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
    • A24F40/48—Fluid transfer means, e.g. pumps
    • A24F40/485—Valves; Apertures
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M11/00—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
    • A61M11/005—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes using ultrasonics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M11/00—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
    • A61M11/04—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes operated by the vapour pressure of the liquid to be sprayed or atomised
    • A61M11/041—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes operated by the vapour pressure of the liquid to be sprayed or atomised using heaters
    • A61M11/042—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes operated by the vapour pressure of the liquid to be sprayed or atomised using heaters electrical
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/0085—Inhalators using ultrasonics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/02—Details
    • H05B3/04—Waterproof or air-tight seals for heaters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H05B3/145—Carbon only, e.g. carbon black, graphite
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
    • H05B3/28—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/02—General characteristics of the apparatus characterised by a particular materials
    • A61M2205/0272—Electro-active or magneto-active materials
    • A61M2205/0294—Piezoelectric materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/36—General characteristics of the apparatus related to heating or cooling
    • A61M2205/3653—General characteristics of the apparatus related to heating or cooling by Joule effect, i.e. electric resistance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
    • H05B2203/007—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using multiple electrically connected resistive elements or resistive zones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/021—Heaters specially adapted for heating liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/022—Heaters specially adapted for heating gaseous material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2214/00—Aspects relating to resistive heating, induction heating and heating using microwaves, covered by groups H05B3/00, H05B6/00
    • H05B2214/04—Heating means manufactured by using nanotechnology

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of atomization, and in particular, to an atomizer and an electronic atomization device including the atomizer.
  • the atomizer usually includes an ultrasonic atomizing sheet, and an atomizing hole is set in the ultrasonic atomizing sheet.
  • the ultrasonic atomizing sheet vibrates at a high frequency
  • the liquid in the atomizing hole can be atomized to form a liquid mist, and the liquid mist is removed from the mist. It is sprayed out of the chemical hole to be absorbed by the user.
  • the liquid mist generated by it will stimulate the user's respiratory tract, thereby affecting the user experience.
  • an atomizer and an electronic atomization device including the same are provided.
  • An atomizer comprising:
  • the ultrasonic atomization assembly has a liquid inlet surface and a first support surface surrounding the edge of the liquid inlet surface, the first support surface and the liquid inlet surface are located on the same side of the ultrasonic atomization assembly, and the liquid flows from the The liquid inlet surface enters into the ultrasonic atomization assembly and is atomized to form a liquid mist; and
  • a heating assembly is attached to the first support surface, and the heating assembly is used for preheating the liquid arriving near the liquid inlet surface.
  • the ultrasonic atomization assembly includes a piezoelectric ceramic sheet and a metal sheet, the liquid inlet surface and the first supporting surface are both located on a first side of the metal sheet, and the metal sheet is located on the first side of the metal sheet.
  • the second side opposite to the first side further has a second support surface corresponding to the first support surface and a mist outlet surface corresponding to the liquid inlet surface, and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet is attached to the second support surface.
  • the support surface is provided with a through hole corresponding to the mist outlet surface
  • the metal sheet is provided with an atomization hole that penetrates the liquid inlet surface and the mist outlet surface and communicates with the through hole.
  • At least a part of both the liquid inlet surface and the mist outlet surface are spherical cap surfaces, the opening of the spherical cap surface faces the first side, and the spherical cap surface is provided with There are the atomizing holes.
  • the heating assembly includes a heating layer attached to the first side of the metal sheet, and the heating layer is configured to include a high temperature region surrounding the liquid inlet surface and surrounding the liquid inlet surface. the low temperature region of the high temperature region.
  • the distance between the edge of the liquid inlet surface and the heating layer is smaller than the distance between the edge of the first support surface and the heating layer.
  • the heating layer includes a first resistance wire surrounding the liquid inlet surface and a second resistance wire surrounding the first resistance wire, and the resistance value of the first resistance wire is greater than that of the first resistance wire. The resistance value of the second resistance wire.
  • the heating assembly further includes a first insulating layer and a second insulating layer, the first insulating layer is attached to the first support surface, and the heating layer is sandwiched between the first insulating layer layer and the second insulating layer.
  • the thermal conductivity of the second insulating layer is greater than the thermal conductivity of the first insulating layer.
  • the heating assembly further includes a third insulating layer and an adhesive layer, the heating layer is encapsulated in the third insulating layer, and the adhesive layer is attached to the first supporting surface and connected to the third insulating layer.
  • the heating assembly is configured to activate prior to the time of the ultrasonic atomization assembly.
  • the atomization hole is a conical hole, and the diameter of the atomization hole gradually decreases from the liquid inlet surface to the mist outlet surface.
  • each of the first insulating layer, the second insulating layer and the heating layer is provided with through holes that communicate with each other, the through holes correspond to the liquid inlet surface, and the liquid passes through all the through holes.
  • the through hole is in contact with the liquid inlet surface and enters the atomization hole to be atomized.
  • the thickness of the first insulating layer and/or the second insulating layer ranges from 5 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the heating layer ranges from 5 ⁇ m to 40 ⁇ m.
  • An electronic atomization device comprising the atomizer described in any one of the above.
  • the heating component can preheat the liquid to a temperature close to the human body.
  • the ultrasonic atomizing component atomizes the liquid to form a liquid mist
  • the temperature of the liquid mist will be close to the body temperature of the human body. It can prevent the liquid mist from irritating the respiratory tract of the human body and improve the user experience.
  • the heating component is integrated on the ultrasonic atomizing component. In this way, the heating element can heat the liquid near the liquid inlet surface, that is, the liquid is heated locally, so that the heated liquid can directly enter the ultrasonic atomizing element for atomization, so the liquid heating speed is fast and the heating rate can be reduced.
  • the heating component is directly arranged on the first support surface of the metal sheet, that is, the heating component is located on the side where the liquid inlet surface is located, so that the heating component can be in direct contact with the liquid, and the heat generated by the heating component can be directly transferred to the liquid without an intermediate medium. liquid, so as to reduce heat loss and improve the utilization rate of heat, so that the liquid heating speed is fast, and the waiting time of liquid mist spraying is reduced. At the same time, there is no need to provide additional heat insulation components on the heating assembly, thereby simplifying the overall structure of the atomizer.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of an atomizer provided by an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the atomizer shown in FIG. 1 from another viewing angle.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the atomizer shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic plan cross-sectional structural diagram of the atomizer shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of FIG. 4 .
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at A in FIG. 5 .
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a plane of an atomizer provided by another embodiment.
  • an atomizer 10 provided by an embodiment of the present application includes an ultrasonic atomization assembly 100 and a heating assembly 200 .
  • the ultrasonic atomization assembly 100 is used to atomize a liquid to form a liquid mist, and the liquid may be Oil or liquid medicine, etc. After the liquid is atomized to form a liquid mist, the user can inhale the liquid mist.
  • the ultrasonic atomization assembly 100 includes a piezoelectric ceramic sheet 110 , a metal sheet 120 , a first electrode 131 and a second electrode 132 .
  • One end of both the first electrode 131 and the second electrode 132 is electrically connected to the circuit in the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 110 , and the other end of both the first electrode 131 and the second electrode 132 is used for connecting to an AC power source. Therefore, the circuit within the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 110 is used to pass the alternating current.
  • a through hole 111 is formed in the center of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 110 , and the through hole 111 penetrates two opposite surfaces of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 110 .
  • the metal sheet 120 has a substantially disc-shaped structure, and the metal sheet 120 has a first support surface 121 , a second support surface 122 , a liquid inlet surface 123 and a mist outlet surface 124 .
  • the liquid inlet surface 123 and the mist outlet surface 124 face oppositely and are located in the central area of the metal sheet 120
  • the second supporting surface 122 and the first supporting surface 121 face oppositely and are located at the edge area of the metal sheet 120 .
  • the second support surface 122 and the mist exit surface 124 are located on the second side (ie, the upper side) of the metal sheet 120 , and the second support surface 122 is connected to the periphery of the mist exit surface 124 , so that the second support surface 122 is annular and surrounds Out of the fog surface 124 settings.
  • the first support surface 121 and the liquid inlet surface 123 are located on the first side (ie, the lower side) of the metal sheet 120, and the first support surface 121 is connected with the periphery of the liquid inlet surface 123, so that the first support surface 121 is annular and surrounds The liquid inlet surface 123 is set.
  • the second support surface 122 and the first support surface 121 are spaced apart and correspond to each other along the thickness direction of the metal sheet 120
  • the liquid inlet surface 123 and the mist outlet surface 124 are spaced apart along the thickness direction of the metal sheet 120 . and correspond to each other.
  • the metal sheet 120 is provided with a plurality of atomization holes 126 , and the atomization holes 126 pass through the liquid inlet surface 123 and the mist outlet surface 124 at the same time.
  • the heating assembly 200 is disposed on the first support surface 121 of the metal sheet 120 .
  • the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 110 is attached to the second support surface 122 of the metal sheet 120 , so that the mist outlet surface 124 corresponds to the through hole 111 of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 110 , ensuring that the through hole 111 and the atomization hole 126 communicate with each other.
  • the liquid to be atomized is on the side where the liquid inlet surface 123 is located, and the liquid is in direct contact with the liquid inlet surface 123 , so that the liquid enters the atomization hole 126 through the liquid inlet surface 123 .
  • the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 110 When the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 110 generates high-frequency vibration under the action of alternating current, the vibration energy of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 110 is transmitted to the metal sheet 120, so that the metal sheet 120 follows the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 110 to also generate high-frequency vibration, so that the The liquid in the atomization hole 126 is atomized to form a liquid mist, and the liquid mist is sprayed from the mist outlet surface 124 into the through hole 111 of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 110 to be absorbed by the user.
  • the atomization holes 126 are tapered holes, and the diameter of the atomization holes 126 gradually decreases from the liquid inlet surface 123 to the mist outlet surface 124 .
  • the metal sheet 120 can be made of stainless steel, so that the metal sheet 120 has good structural strength, thermal conductivity and rust resistance. Therefore, it can be ensured that the metal sheet 120 has sufficient anti-fatigue strength to prevent fatigue fracture of the metal sheet 120 under high-frequency vibration, and improve the service life of the entire ultrasonic atomizing assembly 100. In addition, it can prevent the rust particles from partially or completely blocking the atomization holes 126, ensure that the particle sizes of the tiny liquid droplets in the liquid mist are equal, and also ensure that each atomization hole 126 can atomize the liquid, and finally The uniformity and reliability of liquid atomization by the metal sheet 120 are improved.
  • At least a part of both the liquid inlet surface 123 and the mist outlet surface 124 is a spherical cap surface 125 , and the opening of the spherical cap surface 125 is disposed toward the heating assembly 200 , so that the central area of the entire metal sheet 120 forms a The bulge of the spherical crown, the opening of the bulge is the opening of the spherical crown surface 125 .
  • the protrusions may also be formed by concaving the central region of the flat metal sheet 120 toward the first side.
  • Another part of the atomization hole 126 can be located on the spherical cap surface 125, and another part of the atomization hole 126 can be located in other parts of the liquid inlet surface 123 and the mist outlet surface 124; of course, all the atomization holes 126 can also be uniform. on the spherical cap surface 125 .
  • the metal sheet 120 with the spherical cap surface 125 can ensure that the liquid mist is sprayed in different directions and has a relatively large spray range, and at the same time, a relatively large number of atomization holes 126 can be set, so as to improve the atomization of the liquid per unit time. amount to increase the liquid mist concentration.
  • the heating assembly 200 includes a first insulating layer 210 , a second insulating layer 220 and a heating layer 230 , the first insulating layer 210 , the second insulating layer 220 and the heating layer 230 are roughly annular, and all three are provided with through holes 201 that communicate with each other.
  • the through holes 201 correspond to the liquid inlet surface 123 of the metal sheet 120, and the liquid can pass through the above through holes 201 to communicate with the liquid inlet surface 123. Contact and enter the atomizing hole 126 to be atomized.
  • the first insulating layer 210 is attached to the first supporting surface 121 of the metal sheet 120, and the first insulating layer 210 can be attached to the first supporting surface 121 by a physical vapor deposition (Physical Vapour Deposition, PVD) process or a silk screen process, so that The first insulating layer 210 is directly connected to the metal sheet 120 to avoid connection between the first insulating layer 210 and the metal sheet 120 through other connecting layers, thereby reducing the thickness and weight of the entire atomizer 10, which is beneficial to the atomizer 10 thin and light design.
  • PVD Physical Vapour Deposition
  • the thickness of the first insulating layer 210 can range from 5 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, for example, the specific value can be 5 ⁇ m, 10 ⁇ m, 15 ⁇ m or 20 ⁇ m, etc. On the basis of ensuring that the first insulating layer 210 has sufficient insulating properties, it can be appropriately Decreasing the thickness of the first insulating layer 210 can further compress the thickness of the entire atomizer 10 .
  • the heating layer 230 is attached on the surface of the first insulating layer 210 facing away from the metal sheet 120, and the heating layer 230 can also be attached on the first insulating layer 210 by a physical vapor deposition (Physical Vapour Deposition, PVD) process or a silk screen process,
  • PVD Physical Vapour Deposition
  • the heating layer 230 and the first insulating layer 210 are directly connected to avoid the connection between the heating layer 230 and the first insulating layer 210 through other connecting layers, which can also reduce the thickness of the entire atomizer 10 and realize the lightness and thinness of the atomizer 10 design.
  • the thickness of the heating layer 230 may range from 5 ⁇ m to 40 ⁇ m, for example, the specific value may be 5 ⁇ m, 20 ⁇ m, 30 ⁇ m, or 40 ⁇ m.
  • the heating layer 230 may further include a third electrode 231 and a fourth electrode 232. One ends of both the third electrode 231 and the fourth electrode 232 are electrically connected to the heating layer 230. The other ends are used to connect with the DC power supply. Therefore, the heating layer 230 is used for passing the alternating current.
  • a DC power source eg, a battery
  • the heating layer 230 can convert electrical energy into heat energy.
  • the heating layer 230 may be a layered structure formed by bending a wire-like wire or a layered structure directly formed by a conductive film.
  • the heating layer 230 may be carbon nanosheets, and may also be made of metals and alloys such as stainless steel, titanium, or titanium alloys.
  • the second insulating layer 220 is attached on the surface of the heating layer 230 facing away from the metal sheet 120, and the second insulating layer 220 can also be attached on the heating layer 230 by a physical vapor deposition (Physical Vapour Deposition, PVD) process or a silk screen process,
  • PVD Physical Vapour Deposition
  • the heating layer 230 and the second insulating layer 220 are directly connected to avoid the connection between the heating layer 230 and the second insulating layer 220 through other connecting layers, which can also reduce the thickness of the entire atomizer 10 and realize the lightness and thinness of the atomizer 10 design.
  • the thickness of the second insulating layer 220 can range from 5 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, for example, the specific value can be 5 ⁇ m, 10 ⁇ m, 15 ⁇ m or 20 ⁇ m, etc. On the basis of ensuring that the second insulating layer 220 has sufficient insulating properties, it can be appropriately reduced. The thickness of the second insulating layer 220 is reduced, so that the thickness of the entire atomizer 10 can be further compressed.
  • the second insulating layer 220 can be made of ceramic glaze material, so that the second insulating layer 220 has high wear resistance and good thermal conductivity.
  • the first insulating layer 210 is disposed on the first supporting surface 121 of the metal sheet 120, and the heating layer 230 is directly sandwiched between the first insulating layer 210 and the second insulating layer 220.
  • the first insulating layer 210 By disposing the first insulating layer 210 , the short circuit phenomenon caused by the direct contact between the heating layer 230 and the metal sheet 120 can be prevented.
  • the second insulating layer 220 By disposing the second insulating layer 220, the second insulating layer 220 is in direct contact with the liquid on the liquid inlet surface 123 side, so as to prevent the short circuit phenomenon caused by the direct contact between the heating layer 230 and the liquid, and also prevent the heating layer 230 from contacting the liquid directly. Contamination caused by liquid contact.
  • the heating assembly 200 is activated before the ultrasonic atomization assembly 100 .
  • the heating layer 230 is powered by the DC power supply through the third electrode 231 and the fourth electrode 232, and then the circuit in the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 110 is powered by the AC power supply through the first electrode 131 and the second electrode 132,
  • the working time of the heating layer 230 is made earlier than the working time of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 110 .
  • the heating layer 230 can be activated no more than one second before the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 110, so that the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 110 can drive the metal sheet 120 to oscillate to atomize the liquid to form a liquid mist as soon as possible, reducing the user's liquid mist. waiting time, thereby improving the user experience of the entire atomizer 10 .
  • the heating assembly 200 can preheat the liquid that reaches the vicinity of the liquid inlet surface 123.
  • the heating assembly 200 can preheat the liquid to a temperature close to the human body.
  • the metal sheet 120 atomizes the liquid
  • the temperature of the liquid mist will be close to the body temperature of the human body.
  • the user absorbs medicinal liquid that is close to body temperature and exists in the form of liquid mist, it can prevent the medicinal liquid (liquid mist) from irritating the human respiratory tract, thereby avoiding other symptoms such as coughing or increased blood pressure. , to ensure the therapeutic effect of the medicinal solution on the user.
  • the temperature difference of the liquid mist in the early and middle and late stages of the heating element 200 caused by the simultaneous activation of the heating element 200 and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 110 can be eliminated, so as to ensure that the temperature of the liquid mist remains consistent during the atomization process, and improve the liquid mist extraction. Suction comfort. Further, for liquids with relatively high viscosity, the preheating effect of the heating assembly 200 can appropriately reduce the viscosity of the liquid, thereby increasing the fluidity of the liquid, making it easier for the liquid to enter the atomizing hole 126 and under high-frequency vibration.
  • Rapid atomization to form liquid mist prevents the phenomenon that the liquid is difficult to flow into the atomization hole 126 or is difficult to be atomized to form a liquid mist, thereby improving the atomization efficiency and the atomization stability and reliability of the entire atomizer 10 .
  • the heating assembly 200 will heat the liquid close to the liquid inlet 123 and the liquid far from the liquid inlet 123 at the same time.
  • the heating assembly 200 will repeatedly heat it, which will cause waste of energy.
  • the temperature of the liquid is slow, and the waiting time of the user is also prolonged.
  • the heating assembly 200 is directly attached to the first support surface 121 of the ultrasonic atomizing assembly 100 , that is, the heating assembly 200 is integrated on the ultrasonic atomizing assembly 100 .
  • the heating assembly 200 can only heat the liquid located near the liquid inlet surface 123, that is, the liquid is locally heated, so that the heated liquid can directly enter the atomization hole 126 for atomization, so the liquid heating rate is fast, and The energy consumption of the heating assembly 200 can be reduced, the waiting time for spraying the liquid mist can be reduced, and the user experience can be improved.
  • the heating element 200 If the heating element 200 is arranged on the side of the metal sheet 120 where the fog surface 124 is located, the heating element 200 will not be in direct contact with the liquid on the liquid inlet surface 123 side, and the heat generated by the heating element 200 will pass through the metal sheet 120 It is transferred to the liquid to preheat it, which will lengthen the heat transfer path, thereby increasing the heat loss generated during the heat transfer process, and reducing the heat utilization rate of the heating assembly 200 .
  • the heating assembly 200 needs to be protected by a thermal insulation component to prevent the heat of the heating component 200 from being transferred to other components of the atomizer 10 to cause damage to it. Therefore, the provision of the thermal insulation component will obviously change the structure of the atomizer 10 . more complicated.
  • the entire heating assembly 200 is directly disposed on the first supporting surface 121 of the metal sheet 120, that is, the heating assembly 200 is located on the side where the liquid inlet surface 123 is located, so that the heating assembly 200 can be in direct contact with the liquid, and the heating assembly
  • the heat generated by the 200 is directly transferred to the liquid without an intermediate medium, thereby reducing heat loss and improving the utilization rate of heat, making the liquid heating up faster and reducing the waiting time for liquid mist spraying.
  • there is no need to provide additional thermal insulation components on the heating assembly 200 thereby simplifying the overall structure of the atomizer 10 .
  • the heating layer 230 is configured to include a high temperature region surrounding the liquid inlet surface 123 and a low temperature region surrounding the high temperature region, so that the high temperature region of the heating layer 230 is closer to the liquid inlet surface 123 than the low temperature region.
  • the heating layer 123 includes a first resistance wire 231 surrounding the liquid inlet 123 and a second resistance wire 232 surrounding the first resistance wire. The resistance of the first resistance wire 231 is greater than that of the second resistance wire 232 .
  • the heat generated by the first resistance wire 231 is greater than the heat generated by the second resistance wire 232 in the same time period, so that the first resistance wire 231 corresponds to the above In the high temperature region, the second resistance wire 232 corresponds to the above-mentioned low temperature region. Therefore, the heat generated by the heating layer 230 is more focused on the liquid near the liquid inlet surface 123, which can reduce repeated heating and increase the liquid heating rate. At the same time, the heat transferred from the heating layer 230 to other components of the atomizer 10 through the edge of the metal sheet 120 can be reduced, and the utilization rate of the energy of the heating layer 230 can be improved.
  • the liquid inlet surface 123 can be made closer to the heating layer 230 relative to the edge of the first supporting surface 121 of the metal sheet 120 , in other words, the distance h between the heating layer 230 and the liquid inlet surface 123 is smaller than the distance H between the heating layer 230 and the edge of the first supporting surface 121 , which can also make the heat generated by the heating layer 230 more focused on the liquid near the liquid inlet surface 123 , improving the The utilization rate of the energy of the heating layer 230 .
  • the thermal conductivity of the second insulating layer 220 is greater than the thermal conductivity of the first insulating layer 210 , so that the heat generated by the heating layer 230 can be more easily transferred to the liquid directly through the second insulating layer 220 , reducing the number of passing through the first insulating layer 210 and the metal sheet.
  • the heat transferred from the 120 to other components of the atomizer 10 can also improve the utilization rate of the energy of the heating layer 230 .
  • the prepared heating layer 230 may be placed in an injection mold first, and then a liquid insulating material may be injected into the cavity of the mold, The liquid insulating material can be cooled and solidified to form an insulating layer, which can be denoted as the third insulating layer 241 . Therefore, the entire heating layer 230 will be encapsulated in the third insulating layer 241 , and the effect of the third insulating layer 241 can also prevent the heating layer 230 from short circuit caused by contact with the metal sheet 120 and the liquid.
  • a slot structure may be formed in the third insulating layer 241 , so that the third electrode 231 and the fourth electrode 232 electrically connected to the heating layer 230 are passed through the slot structure.
  • an adhesive layer 242 may be provided on the first supporting surface 121 of the metal sheet 120 , and the third insulating layer 241 may be attached to the adhesive layer 242 , that is, the third insulating layer 241 The adhesive layer 242 is disposed on the first support surface 121 of the metal sheet 120 .
  • the third insulating layer 241 can also be fixed on the first supporting surface 121 of the metal sheet 120 by means of snap connection.
  • an insulating layer can be provided on both sides of the prepared heating layer 230 by physical vapor deposition, electrophoresis or spraying, and then the insulating layer can be fixed on the metal sheet by means of the adhesive layer 242 or snap connection. 120 on.
  • the present application also provides an electronic atomization device, the electronic atomization device includes the above-mentioned atomizer 10, and by arranging the atomizer 10, the user experience of the electronic atomization device can be improved, energy consumption can be reduced, and the structure can be made lighter and thinner .

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Abstract

本申请涉及一种雾化器和电子雾化装置，雾化器包括超声雾化组件，具有进液面和环绕所述进液面边缘连接的第一支撑面，所述第一支撑面与所述进液面位于所述超声雾化组件的同侧，液体从所述进液面进入所述超声雾化组件内雾化形成液雾。及加热组件，附着在所述第一支撑面，所述加热组件用于对抵达至所述进液面附近的液体进行预热。

Description

雾化器及电子雾化装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2020年12月22日提交中国专利局、申请号为202011525441.5、发明名称为“雾化器及电子雾化装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及雾化技术领域，特别是涉及一种雾化器及包含该雾化器的电子雾化装置。
技术背景
雾化器通常包括超声雾化片，超声雾化片内设置有雾化孔，当超声雾化片发生高频振动时，可以将雾化孔中的液体雾化形成液雾，液雾从雾化孔中喷出以被用户吸收。但是，对于传统的雾化器，其所产生的液雾将对用户的呼吸道构成刺激，从而影响用户体验。
发明内容
根据本申请的各种示意性实施例，提供一种雾化器及包含该雾化器的电子雾化装置。
一种雾化器，包括：
超声雾化组件，具有进液面和环绕所述进液面边缘的第一支撑面，所述第一支撑面与所述进液面位于所述超声雾化组件的同侧，液体从所述进液面进入所述超声雾化组件内雾化形成液雾；及
加热组件，附着在所述第一支撑面，所述加热组件用于对抵达至所述进液面附近的液体进行预热。
在其中一个实施例中，所述超声雾化组件包括压电陶瓷片和金属片，所 述进液面和第一支撑面均位于所述金属片的第一侧，所述金属片在所述第一侧相背的第二侧还具有与所述第一支撑面对应的第二支撑面以及与所述进液面对应的出雾面，所述压电陶瓷片附着在所述第二支撑面且开设有与所述出雾面对应的贯穿孔，所述金属片开设有贯穿所述进液面和所述出雾面并连通所述贯穿孔的雾化孔。
在其中一个实施例中，所述进液面和所述出雾面两者的至少一部分均为球冠面，所述球冠面的开口朝向所述第一侧，所述球冠面上设置有所述雾化孔。
在其中一个实施例中，所述加热组件包括加热层，所述加热层附着于所述金属片的第一侧，所述加热层被配置为包括围绕所述进液面的高温区以及围绕所述高温区的低温区。
在其中一个实施例中，所述进液面边缘与所述加热层的间距小于所述第一支撑面边缘与所述加热层的间距。
在其中一个实施例中，所述加热层包括围绕所述进液面的第一电阻丝及围绕所述第一电阻丝的第二电阻丝，所述第一电阻丝的电阻值大于所述第二电阻丝的电阻值。
在其中一个实施例中，所述加热组件还包括第一绝缘层和第二绝缘层，所述第一绝缘层附着在所述第一支撑面，所述加热层夹置在所述第一绝缘层和所述第二绝缘层之间。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第二绝缘层的导热系数大于所述第一绝缘层的导热系数。
在其中一个实施例中，所述加热组件还包括第三绝缘层和粘接层，所述加热层封装在所述第三绝缘层之内，所述粘接层附着在所述第一支撑面并与所述第三绝缘层连接。
在其中一个实施例中，所述加热组件被配置为先于所述超声雾化组件的时间启动。
在其中一个实施例中，所述雾化孔为锥形孔，所述雾化孔的孔径由所述 进液面至所述出雾面逐渐减小。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一绝缘层、所述第二绝缘层和所述加热层均开设有相互连通的通孔，所述通孔与所述进液面相对应，液体通过所述通孔以与所述进液面接触并进入所述雾化孔中被雾化。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一绝缘层和/或所述第二绝缘层的厚度的取值范围为5μm至20μm。
在其中一个实施例中，所述加热层的厚度的取值范围为5μm至40μm。
一种电子雾化装置，包括上述中任一项所述的雾化器。
加热组件可以将液体预热至接近人体的温度，当超声雾化组件将液体雾化形成液雾时，该液雾的温度将接近人体的体温。可以避免液雾对人体的呼吸道构成刺激，提高用户体验。同时通过将加热组件直接附着在超声雾化组件的背面，即将加热组件集成设置在超声雾化组件上。如此可以使得加热组件针对位于进液面附近的液体进行加热，即对液体进行局部加热，使得被加热后液体能直接进入超声雾化组件中进行雾化，故液体升温速度快，并能减低加热组件的能耗，减少液雾喷出的等待时间以提高用户体验。并且将加热组件直接设置在金属片的第一支撑面上，即加热组件位于进液面所处的一侧，使得加热组件能够与液体直接接触，加热组件产生的热量无需中间介质而直接传递至液体，从而减少热量损失并提高热量的利用率，使得液体升温速度快，减少液雾喷出的等待时间。同时无需在加热组件上设置额外的隔热部件，从而简化雾化器的整体结构。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或传统技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或传统技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为一实施例提供的雾化器的立体结构示意图。
图2为图1所示雾化器在另一视角下的立体结构示意图。
图3为图1所示雾化器的分解结构示意图。
图4为图1所示雾化器的平面剖视结构示意图。
图5为图4的局部结构示意图。
图6为图5中A处放大结构示意图。
图7为另一实施例提供的雾化器的平面剖视结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本申请，下面将参照相关附图对本申请进行更全面的描述。附图中给出了本申请的较佳实施方式。但是，本申请可以以许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本文所描述的实施方式。相反地，提供这些实施方式的目的是使对本申请的公开内容理解的更加透彻全面。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。本文所使用的术语“内”、“外”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的，并不表示是唯一的实施方式。
参阅图1、图2和图3，本申请一实施例提供的雾化器10包括超声雾化组件100和加热组件200，超声雾化组件100用于将液体雾化形成液雾，液体可以是油液或药液等。当液体被雾化形成液雾后，用户可以对液雾进行吸食。
参阅图3、图4和图5，在一些实施例中，超声雾化组件100包括压电陶瓷片110、金属片120、第一电极131和第二电极132。第一电极131和第二电极132两者的一端均与压电陶瓷片110内的电路电性连接，第一电极131和第二电极132两者的另一端均用于与交流电源连接。因此，压电陶瓷片110内的电路用于通交流电。当交流电源通过第一电极131和第二电极132对压电陶瓷片110内的电路通入交流电时，压电陶瓷片110将产生高频振动，使 得压电陶瓷片110的振动频率与超声波的振动频率相当。压电陶瓷片110的中心开设有贯穿孔111，该贯穿孔111贯穿压电陶瓷片110相对设置的两个表面，通过设置该贯穿孔111，使得压电陶瓷片110大致呈圆环状结构。
金属片120大致呈圆盘状结构，金属片120具有第一支撑面121、第二支撑面122、进液面123和出雾面124。进液面123和出雾面124两者朝向相反并位于金属片120的中心区域，第二支撑面122和第一支撑面121两者朝向相反并位于金属片120的边缘区域。第二支撑面122和出雾面124位于金属片120的第二侧(即上侧)，第二支撑面122与出雾面124的周边连接，使得第二支撑面122呈圆环状并环绕出雾面124设置。第一支撑面121和进液面123位于金属片120的第一侧(即下侧)，第一支撑面121与进液面123的周边连接，使得第一支撑面121呈圆环状并环绕进液面123设置。换句话说，第二支撑面122和第一支撑面121两者沿金属片120的厚度方向间隔设置并相互对应，进液面123和出雾面124两者沿金属片120的厚度方向间隔设置并相互对应。
金属片120上开设有若干个雾化孔126，该雾化孔126同时贯穿进液面123和出雾面124。加热组件200设置在金属片120的第一支撑面121。压电陶瓷片110贴附在金属片120的第二支撑面122，使得出雾面124与压电陶瓷片110的贯穿孔111相对应，保证贯穿孔111和雾化孔126相互连通。被雾化的液体处于进液面123所处的一侧，液体与进液面123直接接触，使得液体经过该进液面123进入雾化孔126中。当压电陶瓷片110在交流电的作用下产生高频振动时，压电陶瓷片110的振动能量传递至金属片120上，使得金属片120跟随压电陶瓷片110同样产生高频振动，从而将雾化孔126中的液体雾化形成液雾，液雾将从出雾面124喷出至压电陶瓷片110的贯穿孔111中以被用户吸收。在一些实施例中，所述雾化孔126为锥形孔，所述雾化孔126的孔径由进液面123至出雾面124逐渐减小。
金属片120可以采用不锈钢材料制成，使得金属片120具有良好的结构强度、导热性能和防锈能力。因此可以保证金属片120具有足够的抗疲劳强 度，防止金属片120在高频振动下产生疲劳断裂，提高整个超声雾化组件100的使用寿命。此外，可以防止锈蚀颗粒对雾化孔126构成部分或完全封堵，确保液雾内的微小液珠颗粒的粒径大小相等，也保证每个雾化孔126均能对液体进行雾化，最终提高金属片120对液体雾化的均匀性和可靠性。
在一些实施例中，进液面123和出雾面124两者的至少一部分均为球冠面125，球冠面125的开口朝向加热组件200设置，从而使得整个金属片120的中心区域形成一个球冠状的凸起，该凸起的开口即为球冠面125的开口。凸起也可以是由呈平板状的金属片120的中心区域朝第一侧的方向凹陷形成。雾化孔126的其中另一部分可以位于该球冠面125上，雾化孔126的其中另一部分可以位于进液面123和出雾面124的其它部位；当然，全部雾化孔126也可以均位于该球冠面125上。通过设置该球冠面125，以垂直于金属片120厚度方向的平面为参考平面，尽管具有球冠面125的金属片120与平板状的金属片120在该参考平面上的正投影相等，但是，具有球冠面125的金属片120能保证液雾朝不同方向喷出而具有相对较大的喷射范围，同时可以设置相对较多的雾化孔126，从而通过提高单位时间内液体的雾化量以提高液雾浓度。
参阅图3、图5和图6，在一些实施例中，加热组件200包括第一绝缘层210、第二绝缘层220和加热层230，第一绝缘层210、第二绝缘层220和加热层230三者均大致为环状，三者均开设有相互连通的通孔201，该通孔201与金属片120的进液面123相对应，液体可以通过上述通孔201以与进液面123接触并进入雾化孔126中被雾化。第一绝缘层210附着在金属片120的第一支撑面121，且第一绝缘层210可以通过物理气相沉积(Physical Vapour Deposition，PVD)工艺或丝印工艺附着在该第一支撑面121上，使得第一绝缘层210与金属片120直接连接，避免第一绝缘层210与金属片120之间通过其它连接层进行连接，从而降低了整个雾化器10的厚度和重量，有利于雾化器10的轻薄化设计。第一绝缘层210的厚度的取值范围可以为5μm至20μm，例如其具体取值可以为5μm、10μm、15μm或20μm等，在保证第一 绝缘层210具有足够绝缘性能的基础上，可以适当减小第一绝缘层210的厚度，如此可以进一步对整个雾化器10的厚度进行压缩。
加热层230附着在第一绝缘层210背向金属片120的表面上，且加热层230同样可以通过物理气相沉积(Physical Vapour Deposition，PVD)工艺或丝印工艺附着在该第一绝缘层210上，使得加热层230与第一绝缘层210直接连接，避免加热层230与第一绝缘层210之间通过其它连接层进行连接，同样可以降低整个雾化器10的厚度并实现雾化器10的轻薄化设计。加热层230的厚度的取值范围可以为5μm至40μm，例如其具体取值可以为5μm、20μm、30μm或40μm等。加热层230还可以包括第三电极231和第四电极232，第三电极231和第四电极232两者的一端均与加热层230电性连接，第三电极231和第四电极232两者的另一端均用于与直流电源连接。因此，加热层230用于通交流电。当直流电源(例如电池)通过第三电极231和第四电极232对加热层230通入直流电时，加热层230可以将电能转化为热能。加热层230可以为丝线状导线弯曲形成的层状结构或直接为由导电膜片形成的层状结构。加热层230可以为碳纳米薄片，也可以采用不锈钢材料、钛金属材料或钛合金材料等金属、合金材料制成。
第二绝缘层220附着在加热层230背向金属片120的表面上，且第二绝缘层220同样可以通过物理气相沉积(Physical Vapour Deposition，PVD)工艺或丝印工艺附着在该加热层230上，使得加热层230与第二绝缘层220直接连接，避免加热层230与第二绝缘层220之间通过其它连接层进行连接，同样可以降低整个雾化器10的厚度并实现雾化器10的轻薄化设计。第二绝缘层220厚度的取值范围可以为5μm至20μm，例如其具体取值可以为5μm、10μm、15μm或20μm等，在保证第二绝缘层220具有足够绝缘性能的基础上，可以适当减小第二绝缘层220的厚度，如此可以进一步对整个雾化器10的厚度进行压缩。第二绝缘层220可以采用陶瓷釉材料制成，使得第二绝缘层220具有较高的耐磨性和良好的导热性。
因此，对于整个加热组件200，第一绝缘层210设置在金属片120的第 一支撑面121，加热层230直接夹置在第一绝缘层210和第二绝缘层220之间。通过设置第一绝缘层210，可以防止因加热层230与金属片120直接接触而引发的短路现象。通过设置第二绝缘层220，使得第二绝缘层220与位于进液面123一侧的液体直接接触，防止加热层230因与液体直接接触而引发的短路现象，也可以防止因加热层230与液体接触而对液体所构成的污染。
在整个雾化器10的工作过程中，加热组件200先于超声雾化组件100启动。具体而言，首先采用直流电源通过第三电极231和第四电极232对加热层230供电，然后再采用交流电源通过第一电极131和第二电极132对压电陶瓷片110内的电路供电，使得加热层230的工作时间早于压电陶瓷片110的工作时间。例如，可以使得加热层230先于压电陶瓷片110不超过一秒的时间启动，如此可以使得压电陶瓷片110带动金属片120振荡以将液体尽快雾化形成液雾，减少用户液雾的等待时间，从而提高整个雾化器10的用户体验。
通过先启动加热组件200，可以使得加热组件200对抵达至进液面123附近的液体进行预热，当然，加热组件200可以将液体预热至接近人体的温度，当金属片120将液体雾化形成从出雾面124喷出至贯穿孔111中的液雾时，该液雾的温度将接近人体的体温。特别对于药液的雾化，当用户吸收与体温接近并以液雾形态存在的药液时，可以避免药液(液雾)对人体的呼吸道构成刺激，从而避免产生咳嗽或血压升高等其他症状，确保药液对用户的治疗效果。此外，可以消除因加热组件200和压电陶瓷片110同时启动而使得液雾在加热组件200早期和中后期所产生的温度差异，保证雾化过程中液雾的温度保持一致，提高液雾抽吸的舒适性。进一步地，对于粘度相对较高的液体，通过加热组件200的预热作用，可以使得液体的粘度适当降低，从而增加液体的流动性，使得液体更加容易进入雾化孔126并在高频振动下快速雾化形成液雾，防止液体难以流入雾化孔126或难以雾化形成液雾的现象，从而提高整个雾化器10的雾化效率和雾化稳定可靠性。
假如采用独立的加热组件200对液体加热，加热组件200将对靠近进液 面123的液体和远离进液面123的液体同时加热，当远离进液面123的液体抵达至进液面123附近时，加热组件200将对其进行重复加热，如此会造成能量的浪费。并且由于被加热的液体量较多，使得液体升温慢，也会延长了用户的等待时间。而上述实施例通过将加热组件200直接附着在超声雾化组件100的第一支撑面121，即将加热组件200集成设置在超声雾化组件100上。如此可以使得加热组件200仅针对位于进液面123附近的液体进行加热，即对液体进行局部加热，使得被加热后液体能直接进入雾化孔126中进行雾化，故液体升温速度快，并能减低加热组件200的能耗，减少液雾喷出的等待时间以提高用户体验。
假如将加热组件200设置在金属片120的出雾面124所处的一侧，将使得加热组件200无法与进液面123一侧的液体直接接触，加热组件200产生的热量将通过金属片120传递至液体以对其进行预热，如此会延长热量传递的路径，从而增加热量在传递过程中所产生的热损失，降低加热组件200的热量利用率。并且，加热组件200需要采用隔热部件进行保护，防止加热组件200的热量传递至雾化器10的其它构件以对其构成损坏，因此，设置隔热部件会明显使得雾化器10的结构变得更加复杂。而上述实施通过将整个加热组件200直接设置在金属片120的第一支撑面121上，即加热组件200位于进液面123所处的一侧，使得加热组件200能够与液体直接接触，加热组件200产生的热量无需中间介质而直接传递至液体，从而减少热量损失并提高热量的利用率，使得液体升温速度快，减少液雾喷出的等待时间。此外，无需在加热组件200上设置额外的隔热部件，从而简化雾化器10的整体结构。
在一些实施例中，加热层230被配置为包括围绕进液面123的高温区以及围绕高温区的低温区，如此可以使得加热层230的高温区相对低温区更加靠近进液面123。在一些实施例中，加热层123包括围绕进液面123的第一电阻丝231及围绕第一电阻丝的第二电阻丝232，第一电阻丝231的电阻值大于第二电阻丝232的电阻值，由于第一电阻丝231和第二电阻丝232相互串联，使得在相同时间段内第一电阻丝231产生的热量大于第二电阻丝232 产生的热量，从而使得第一电阻丝231对应上述高温区，第二电阻丝232对应上述低温区。故加热层230产生的热量更加聚焦在进液面123附近的液体，可以减少重复加热并提高液体升温速度。同时可以减少加热层230通过金属片120的边缘传递至雾化器10其它构件的热量，提高加热层230能量的利用率。在另一些实施例中，在第一电阻丝231电阻值等于第二电阻丝232电阻值的情况下，可以使得进液面123相对金属片120的第一支撑面121的边缘更加靠近加热层230，换言之，加热层230到进液面123的间距h小于加热层230到第一支撑面121边缘的间距H，同样可以使得加热层230产生的热量更加聚焦在进液面123附近的液体，提高加热层230能量的利用率。第二绝缘层220的导热系数大于第一绝缘层210的导热系数，如此可以使得加热层230产生的热量更加容易通过第二绝缘层220直接传递至液体，减少通过第一绝缘层210和金属片120传递至雾化器10其它构件的热量，同样可以提高加热层230能量的利用率。
参阅图7，在一些实施例中，在加热组件200的制作过程中，例如，可以先将制备好的加热层230放置在注塑模具中，然后将液态的绝缘材料注入该模具的型腔中，液态的绝缘材料可以冷却固化形成绝缘层，该绝缘层可以记为第三绝缘层241。因此，整个加热层230将封装在第三绝缘层241之内，通过第三绝缘层241的作用，也防止加热层230因跟金属片120和液体接触而引发的短路。在一些实施例中，第三绝缘层241可以开设槽孔结构，以便在该槽孔结构穿设与加热层230电性连接的第三电极231和第四电极232。在加热组件200的安装过程中，可以通过在金属片120的第一支撑面121上设置粘接层242，并将第三绝缘层241附着在该粘接层242上，即第三绝缘层241通过粘接层242设置在金属片120的第一支撑面121。当然，第三绝缘层241也可以通过卡扣连接的方式固定在金属片120的第一支撑面121。又如，可以在制备好的加热层230的正反两面上通过物理气相沉积、电泳或喷涂的方式设置绝缘层，然后再将绝缘层通过粘接层242或卡扣连接的方式固定在金属片120上。
本申请还提供一种电子雾化装置，该电子雾化装置包括上述的雾化器10，通过设置该雾化器10，可以提高电子雾化装的用户体验，减少能耗并使得结构更加轻薄化。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对申请专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此，本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

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  1. 一种雾化器，包括：
    超声雾化组件，具有进液面和环绕所述进液面边缘的第一支撑面，所述第一支撑面与所述进液面位于所述超声雾化组件的同侧，液体从所述进液面进入所述超声雾化组件内雾化形成液雾；及
    加热组件，附着在所述第一支撑面，所述加热组件用于对抵达至所述进液面附近的液体进行预热。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的雾化器，其中，所述超声雾化组件包括压电陶瓷片和金属片，所述进液面和所述第一支撑面均位于所述金属片的第一侧，所述金属片在所述第一侧相背的第二侧还具有与所述第一支撑面对应的第二支撑面以及与所述进液面对应的出雾面，所述压电陶瓷片附着在所述第二支撑面且开设有与所述出雾面对应的贯穿孔，所述金属片开设有贯穿所述进液面和所述出雾面并连通所述贯穿孔的雾化孔。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的雾化器，其中，所述进液面和所述出雾面两者的至少一部分均为球冠面，所述球冠面的开口朝向所述第一侧，所述球冠面上设置有所述雾化孔。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的雾化器，其中，所述加热组件包括加热层，所述加热层附着于所述金属片的第一侧，所述加热层被配置为包括围绕所述进液面的高温区以及围绕所述高温区的低温区。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的雾化器，其中，所述进液面边缘与所述加热层的间距小于所述第一支撑面边缘与所述加热层的间距。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的雾化器，其中，所述加热层包括围绕所述进液面的第一电阻丝及围绕所述第一电阻丝的第二电阻丝，所述第一电阻丝的电阻值大于所述第二电阻丝的电阻值。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的雾化器，其中，所述加热组件还包括第一绝缘层和第二绝缘层，所述第一绝缘层附着在所述第一支撑面，所述加热层夹置在所述第一绝缘层和所述第二绝缘层之间。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的雾化器，其中，所述第二绝缘层的导热系数大于所述第一绝缘层的导热系数。
  9. 根据权利要求4所述的雾化器，其中，所述加热组件还包括第三绝缘层和粘接层，所述加热层封装在所述第三绝缘层之内，所述粘接层附着在所述第一支撑面并与所述第三绝缘层连接。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的雾化器，其中，所述加热组件被配置为先于所述超声雾化组件的时间启动。
  11. 根据权利要求2所述的雾化器，其中，所述雾化孔为锥形孔，所述雾化孔的孔径由所述进液面至所述出雾面逐渐减小。
  12. 根据权利要求7所述的雾化器，其中，所述第一绝缘层、所述第二绝缘层和所述加热层均开设有相互连通的通孔，所述通孔与所述进液面相对应，液体通过所述通孔以与所述进液面接触并进入所述雾化孔中被雾化。
  13. 根据权利要求7所述的雾化器，其中，所述第一绝缘层和/或所述第二绝缘层的厚度的取值范围为5μm至20μm。
  14. 根据权利要求4所述的雾化器，其中，所述加热层的厚度的取值范围为5μm至40μm。
  15. 一种电子雾化装置，包括权利要求1至14中任一项所述的雾化器。
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