WO2022133968A1 - 光学系统及显示装置 - Google Patents
光学系统及显示装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022133968A1 WO2022133968A1 PCT/CN2020/139191 CN2020139191W WO2022133968A1 WO 2022133968 A1 WO2022133968 A1 WO 2022133968A1 CN 2020139191 W CN2020139191 W CN 2020139191W WO 2022133968 A1 WO2022133968 A1 WO 2022133968A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- light
- optical element
- incident surface
- light incident
- imaging
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 251
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 164
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000001508 eye Anatomy 0.000 description 21
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000003190 augmentative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000005252 bulbus oculi Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002096 quantum dot Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000003464 asthenopia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003930 cognitive ability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
- G02B17/08—Catadioptric systems
- G02B17/0856—Catadioptric systems comprising a refractive element with a reflective surface, the reflection taking place inside the element, e.g. Mangin mirrors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
- G02B17/08—Catadioptric systems
- G02B17/0856—Catadioptric systems comprising a refractive element with a reflective surface, the reflection taking place inside the element, e.g. Mangin mirrors
- G02B17/086—Catadioptric systems comprising a refractive element with a reflective surface, the reflection taking place inside the element, e.g. Mangin mirrors wherein the system is made of a single block of optical material, e.g. solid catadioptric systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
- G02B27/283—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for beam splitting or combining
- G02B27/285—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for beam splitting or combining comprising arrays of elements, e.g. microprisms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/22—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type
- G02B30/25—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type using polarisation techniques
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0179—Display position adjusting means not related to the information to be displayed
- G02B2027/0185—Displaying image at variable distance
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to the field of display, and in particular, to an optical system and a display device.
- VR Virtual Reality
- AR Augmented Reality
- an optical system in one aspect, includes at least one first display module, at least one second display module, and a first optical element.
- the first optical element includes a first light incident surface, a second light incident surface and a viewing surface.
- the first light incident surfaces are simultaneously located on the light exit paths of all the first display modules, and the second light incident surfaces are simultaneously located on the light exit paths of all the second display modules.
- the first light incident surface is configured to transmit all the imaging light emitted by the first display module into the first optical element to be refracted to the second light incident surface.
- the second light incident surface is configured to: transmit all the imaging light emitted by the second display module into the first optical element to be refracted to the viewing surface; Imaging light transmitted by the optical surface into the first optical element is reflected to the viewing surface.
- the viewing surface is configured to transmit the imaging light emitted by each display module to the human eye, so as to form virtual images on different focal planes on the side of the viewing surface away from the human eye.
- At least one of the first light incident surface, the second light incident surface and the viewing surface is a free-form surface.
- the first optical element includes a first free-form curved prism, and the first light incident surface, the second light incident surface, and the viewing surface are three light-incident surfaces on the first free-form curved prism. a surface.
- the optical element includes a second optical element.
- the second optical element includes a third light incident surface and a first light exit surface.
- the third light incident surface is located on the light exit path of the first and second display modules, and the first light exit surface is disposed opposite to the second light incident surface of the first optical element.
- the third light incident surface is configured to transmit the imaging light emitted by the first one of the second display modules into the second optical element to directly or indirectly emit to the first light exit surface.
- the first light emitting surface is configured to transmit the imaging light emitted from the second optical element toward the first light emitting surface to the second light incident surface of the first optical element.
- the second optical element further includes a fourth light incident surface, and the fourth light incident surface is configured to transmit light entering the second optical element through the third light incident surface.
- the imaging light is reflected to the first light emitting surface.
- At least one of the third light incident surface, the fourth light incident surface and the first light exit surface is a free-form surface.
- the second optical element includes a second free-form curved prism, and the third light-incident surface, the fourth light-incident surface and the first light-emitting surface are on the second free-form curved prism. of the three surfaces.
- the optical system further includes a third optical element and/or a fourth optical element.
- the third optical element is located on the light path between the first first display module and the first light incident surface of the first optical element, and the third optical element includes: a fifth light incident surface , a first light-adjusting surface and a second light-emitting surface.
- the fifth light incident surface is configured to transmit the imaging light emitted by the first first display module into the third optical element;
- the first light adjustment surface is configured to : reflect the imaging light transmitted into the third optical element through the fifth light incident surface to the second light exit surface;
- the second light exit surface is configured to: pass the first light adjustment surface The reflected imaging light is transmitted to the first light incident surface of the first optical element.
- the fourth optical element is located on the light path between the first second display module and the third light incident surface of the second optical element, and the fourth optical element includes: a sixth light entrance a light surface, a second light adjustment surface and a third light emitting surface.
- the sixth light incident surface is configured to transmit the imaging light emitted by the first and second display modules into the fourth optical element;
- the second light adjustment surface is configured to : reflect the imaging light transmitted into the fourth optical element through the sixth light incident surface to the third light exit surface;
- the third light exit surface is configured to pass through the second light adjustment surface The reflected imaging light is transmitted to the second light incident surface of the first optical element.
- the first dimming surface is set in at least one of the following ways: the total reflection angle of the first dimming surface is smaller than the incident angle of the imaging light incident on the first dimming surface; or , the first dimming surface is a mirror surface.
- the second dimming surface is set in at least one of the following manners: the total reflection angle of the second dimming surface is smaller than the incident angle of the imaging light directed toward the second dimming surface; or, the second dimming surface is The glossy surface is a mirror surface.
- the first light-emitting surface of the second optical element is in contact with the second light-incident surface of the first optical element; or, the first light-emitting surface of the second optical element is in contact with the first light-emitting surface of the second optical element. There is a gap between the second light incident surfaces of the optical element.
- the optical system further includes a polarization beam splitting device, at least one first polarization component, and at least one second polarization component.
- One of the first polarizing components is located on the light-emitting side of one of the first display modules, and the first polarizing components are configured to modulate the imaging light emitted by the first display module into imaging with a first polarization state Light.
- One of the second polarizing components is located on the light-emitting side of one of the second display modules, and the second polarizing components are configured to modulate the imaging light emitted by the second display module into imaging with a second polarization state Light.
- the polarization beam splitting device is located between the second light incident surface of the first optical element and the first light exit surface of the second optical element, and the polarization beam splitter device is configured to reflect the imaging in the first polarization state light, and transmits the imaging light in the second polarization state.
- the ratio between the reflectivity and the transmittance of the second light incident surface is N:1
- the ratio between the display brightness of the first display module and the display brightness of the second display module is The ratio between them is 1:N, where N is greater than 0.
- the second optical element further includes a fourth light incident surface; the optical system further includes a fifth optical element.
- the fifth optical element is located on the light path between the second second display module and the fourth light incident surface of the second optical element.
- the fifth optical element includes: a seventh light incident surface and a fourth light exit surface.
- the seventh light incident surface is configured to transmit the imaging light emitted by the second second display module into the fifth optical element.
- the fourth light exit surface is configured to transmit the imaging light transmitted through the seventh light entrance surface to the fourth light entrance surface of the second optical element; wherein the fourth light entrance surface is further configured
- the method is as follows: the imaging light transmitted through the fourth light emitting surface is transmitted into the second optical element to be refracted to the first light emitting surface.
- the imaging light of each of the at least one first display module and the at least one second display module has different optical paths reaching the viewing surface.
- a display device in another aspect, includes: the optical system according to any one of the above embodiments.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an optical system according to some embodiments
- FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of another optical system according to some embodiments.
- FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of yet another optical system according to some embodiments.
- FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of yet another optical system according to some embodiments.
- FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of yet another optical system according to some embodiments.
- FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of yet another optical system according to some embodiments.
- FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of yet another optical system according to some embodiments.
- FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of yet another optical system according to some embodiments.
- FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of yet another optical system according to some embodiments.
- FIG. 10 is a structural diagram of a display device according to some embodiments.
- first and second are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as “first” or “second” may expressly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.
- plural means two or more.
- At least one of A, B, and C has the same meaning as “at least one of A, B, or C”, and both include the following combinations of A, B, and C: A only, B only, C only, A and B , A and C, B and C, and A, B, and C.
- a and/or B includes the following three combinations: A only, B only, and a combination of A and B.
- the virtual reality display device has the advantages of Immersion, Interaction and Imagination, and is widely loved by people.
- the augmented reality display device can realize the fusion of the external real scene and the virtual scene, and thus can improve the user's cognitive ability to the real world.
- virtual reality display devices and augmented reality display devices mostly use binocular parallax to generate a three-dimensional (3-dimensional, 3D) display effect.
- binocular parallax On the virtual image of the distance, it cannot be refocused with the distance of the virtual display object. Due to the different distances and distances presented by binocular parallax and focus blur, the brain often produces depth perception conflicts, causing visual fatigue and vergence conflicts.
- some embodiments of the present disclosure provide an optical system 10 , and the optical system can be applied to, for example, the above-mentioned virtual reality display device or augmented reality display device.
- at least one first display module 100 and at least one second display module 200 are included.
- each display module eg, the first display module 100 and the second display module 200
- each display module can be used to display pictures with different imaging depths in the same scene.
- the first display module 100 can display close objects clearly
- the second display module 200 can display a picture in which the object in the near distance is blurred and the object in the distance is clear; or the first display module 100 can display the picture in which the object in the near distance is blurred and the object in the distance is clear.
- the second display module 200 can display a picture in which near objects are clear and distant objects are blurred.
- the above-mentioned display module can be, for example, LCD (Liquid Crystal Display, liquid crystal display), OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode, organic light-emitting diode) display or QLED (Quantum Dot Light Emitting Diodes, quantum dot light-emitting diode) display and any other display function with display function. display device.
- LCD Liquid Crystal Display, liquid crystal display
- OLED Organic Light Emitting Diode, organic light-emitting diode
- QLED Quantantum Dot Light Emitting Diodes, quantum dot light-emitting diode
- the optical system 10 further includes a first optical element 1 .
- the first optical element 1 includes a first light incident surface S11, a second light incident surface S12 and a viewing surface S13.
- the first light incident surface S11 is simultaneously located on the light exit paths of all the first display modules 100 .
- the first light incident surface S11 is configured to transmit all the imaging lights emitted by the first display module 100 into the first optical element 1 to be refracted to the second light incident surface S12.
- the first light incident surface S11 may be disposed opposite to the light exit surface of at least one first display module 100, so that the imaging light emitted from different positions of the first display module 100 and directed to the first light incident surface S11 is
- the optical paths are relatively consistent, which makes it easier to modulate the imaging light emitted by the first display module 100 .
- the imaging light of the display module tends to be perpendicular to the light-emitting angle range of the surface of the display module, the light is more concentrated, and the light-emitting amount of the light-emitting angle range is greater than that of other angles. amount of light.
- the above-mentioned “tend to be vertical” may refer to the angle between the light emitted from the display module and the surface of the display module ranging from 85 degrees to 95 degrees.
- the light exit angle may be 85 degrees, 87 degrees, 90 degrees, 92 degrees, 95 degrees, and the like. In this way, more imaging light emitted by the first display module 100 can enter the first optical element 1 , which is beneficial to improve the utilization rate of the imaging light emitted by the first display module 100 , thereby improving the brightness of 3D imaging.
- the first light incident surface S11 may be, for example, a free-form surface.
- the free-form surface may not be restricted by the rotational symmetry axis, and has higher design freedom and surface freedom.
- the ability to control light is stronger, so that the imaging light emitted by the first display module 100 can be well modulated, so that it can be refracted to the second light incident surface S12 more stably and accurately.
- the free-form surface can be designed by, for example, an xy polynomial.
- the free-form surface includes several sub-surfaces that are connected to each other, and the surface shape z1(x, y) of the free-form surface satisfies the expression (1):
- c1 is the radius of curvature of each of the plurality of subsurfaces
- k1 is the quadric constant of each of the plurality of subsurfaces
- Cmn1 is the m-nth order coefficient of each of the plurality of subsurfaces.
- the free-form surface can also be designed using, for example, Zernike polynomials or other expressions that can characterize the free-form surface, which is not limited in the present disclosure.
- the second light incident surface S12 is simultaneously located on the light exit paths of all the second display modules 200 .
- the second light incident surface S12 is configured to: transmit all the imaging light emitted by the second display module 200 into the first optical element 1 to be refracted toward the viewing surface S13; The imaging light in an optical element 1 is reflected to the viewing surface S13.
- the second light incident surface S12 may be disposed opposite to the light exit surface of at least one second display module 200. Similarly, more imaging light emitted by the second display module 200 can enter the first optical system. In component 1, it is beneficial to improve the final 3D imaging effect.
- the second light incident surface S12 can be, for example, a free-form surface, which can form a good modulation for the imaging light emitted by the first display module 100 and the second display module 200, so that the imaging light emitted by the first display module 100 can be well modulated. It is more stably reflected to the viewing surface S13, and the imaging light emitted by the second display module 200 can be more stably refracted to the viewing surface S13.
- a free-form surface for the design principle of the free-form surface, reference may be made to the foregoing description, which will not be repeated here.
- the viewing surface S13 is configured to transmit the imaging light emitted by each display module (eg, the first display module 100 and the second display module 200 ) to the human eye 300 , so as to be formed on the side of the viewing surface S13 away from the human eye 300 .
- Virtual images on different focal planes ie, the imaging light emitted by each display module can be converged into the human eye 300 through the viewing surface S13, and the virtual images perceived by the human eye 300 are imaged on different focal planes respectively).
- the viewing surface S13 can be, for example, a spherical surface, which has a simple manufacturing process and lower cost.
- the viewing surface S13 can also be, for example, an aspheric surface, which is better for focusing off-axis light, and can prevent distortion and blurring of the viewed image.
- the viewing surface S13 may also be a free-form surface, which has a higher degree of freedom in design and a stronger ability to correct off-axis aberrations.
- the optical paths of the imaging light of each display module (eg, the first display module 100 and the second display module 200 ) reaching the viewing surface S13 are different, so that the virtual images corresponding to each display module can be located in different positions. On the focal plane of the position, a stable and effective 3D display effect is formed.
- the position of the imaging focal plane corresponding to each display module is not only determined by the position of the display module, that is, the position of the imaging focal plane corresponding to each display module can also be determined by the position of the display module.
- Each element involved in the light exit path (such as the surface shape, thickness, refractive index of each optical element, and the medium material between adjacent optical elements, the spacing between adjacent optical elements, etc.) is determined.
- the imaging light of the first display module 100 is reflected by the second light incident surface S12
- the imaging light of the second display module 200 is reflected by the second light incident surface S12.
- Transmission, the imaging light of the above display module finally enters the human eye 300 through the transmission of the viewing surface S13, and the virtual images perceived by the human eye 300 are respectively imaged on the viewing surface S13 on the side away from the human eye 300.
- the imaging focal planes corresponding to the module 100 and the second display module 200 are respectively on the first focal plane 101 and the second focal plane 201) in FIG. 1 .
- the human eye 300 can simultaneously receive multiple sets of images with different imaging depths in the same scene, so as to generate a stereoscopic image and generate a 3D display effect. At this time, the human eye 300 can also freely focus on images of different imaging depths in the same scene through the eyeball, so that the details of objects at different distances can be seen clearly at the same time, thereby improving the convergence caused by the fixation of the focusing position of the human eye 300.
- the problem of conflict makes the human eyes 300 less prone to fatigue when viewing 3D images.
- the above-mentioned human eye 300 may be a single eyeball, that is, a single eyeball may receive imaging light from multiple different display modules (eg, the first display module 100 and the second display module 200 ), so as to view 3D images. display effect.
- each eyeball may correspond to an independent set of the above-mentioned optical systems, so the problem of vergence conflict caused by the fixation of the focus position of the human eye 300 in the related art can be improved.
- the first optical element 1 includes a first free-form curved prism 11
- the first light incident surface S11 , the second light incident surface S12 and the viewing surface S13 are the first light incident surface S11 , the second light incident surface S12 and the viewing surface S13 respectively.
- Three surfaces on a free-form prism 11 Exemplarily, the first light incident surface S11 , the second light incident surface S12 and the viewing surface S13 may be three surfaces on the first free-form curved prism 11 that are connected end to end. In this way, the overall structure is simple, the space occupation is small, and 3D imaging can be realized by using one first free-form curved prism 11 and a plurality of display modules.
- the optical system 10 further includes a second optical element 2 .
- the second optical element 2 includes a third light incident surface S21 and a first light exit surface S23.
- the third light incident surface S21 is located on the light exit path of the first second display module 201 .
- the third light incident surface S21 is configured to transmit the imaging light emitted by the first second display module 201 into the second optical element 2 to directly or indirectly emit to the first light exit surface S23.
- the first light-emitting surface S23 is disposed opposite to the second light-incident surface S12 of the first optical element 1 .
- the first light emitting surface S23 is configured to transmit the imaging light emitted from the second optical element 2 toward the first light emitting surface S23 to the second light incident surface S12 of the first optical element 1 .
- the specific path of the imaging light when it passes through the second optical element 2 is: the imaging light first transmits through the third light incident surface S21 to the first light exit surface S23, and then exits through the first light exit surface S23 to reach the first optical element 1. on the second light incident surface S12.
- the second optical element 2 can modulate the optical path of the imaging light of the first second display module 201 , so that the position setting of the first second display module 201 is more flexible.
- the imaging light emitted by the first second display module 201 can be flexibly arranged in the propagation path of the second optical element 2, and correspondingly, the shape and size of the second optical element 2 also need to be changed accordingly.
- at least one of the third light-incident surface S21 and the first light-emitting surface S23 in the second optical element 2 is a free-form surface, and the design principle of the free-form surface can be found in the previous description, which will not be repeated here, but The setting of the free-form surface can flexibly change the propagation path of the imaging light. In this way, the second optical element 2 changes the optical path of the imaging light emitted by the first second display module 201 , so that the setting position of the first second display module 201 is more flexible.
- the second optical element 2 further includes a fourth light incident surface S22 , and the fourth light incident surface S22 is located on the light exit path of the first second display module 201 .
- the fourth light incident surface S22 is configured to reflect the imaging light transmitted into the second optical element 2 through the third light incident surface S21 to the first light exit surface S23.
- the path of the imaging light when passing through the second optical element 2 is as follows: the imaging light is first transmitted through the third light incident surface S21 to the fourth light incident surface S22, and then reflected by the fourth light incident surface S22 to reach the fourth light incident surface S22.
- a light emitting surface S23 then emits the second optical element 2 . In this way, the purpose of indirectly emitting the imaging light transmitted into the second optical element 2 through the third light incident surface S21 to the first light exit surface S23 is achieved.
- the fourth light incident surface S22 , the third light incident surface S21 and the first light exit surface S23 may be a free-form surface.
- the second optical element 2 includes a second free-form curved prism 12
- the third light incident surface S21 , the fourth light incident surface S22 and the first light emitting surface S23 are three surfaces on the second free-form curved surface prism 12 .
- the third light incident surface S21 , the fourth light incident surface S22 and the first light emitting surface S23 may be three surfaces connected end to end on the second free-form curved prism 12 .
- the overall structure of the second optical element 2 is simple, and its free-form surface can form a good modulation for the light passing through the free-form surface, thereby improving the imaging light reaching the second light incident surface S12 of the first optical element 1. scale, and ultimately enhance the 3D display effect.
- the free-form surface For the design principle of the free-form surface, reference may be made to the foregoing description, which will not be repeated here.
- the second optical element 2 further includes a second second display module 202 disposed opposite to the fourth light incident surface S22 , and the first second display module 201
- the display side is disposed opposite to the third light incident surface S21 , so that the imaging lights emitted by the two second display modules 200 can reach the second light incident surface S12 of the first optical element 1 through the propagation of the second optical element 2 .
- the imaging lights emitted by the two second display modules 200 and the one display module 100 can finally reach the human eye 300 through the viewing surface S13, so that the human eye 300 can view the images of the three focal planes, and further Improved 3D display effect.
- At least one of the fourth light incident surface S22 , the third light incident surface S21 and the first light exit surface S23 may be a free-form surface.
- the design principle and effect of the corresponding free-form surface can be found in the previous description, which will not be repeated here.
- the first light emitting surface S23 of the second optical element 2 is in contact with the second light incident surface S12 of the first optical element 1 .
- the first light-emitting surface S23 and the second light-incident surface S12 are bonded by gluing.
- the first light-emitting surface S23 and the second light-incident surface S12 can be bonded with an optically transparent adhesive. After bonding, the optical element has good light transmittance, small shrinkage rate and high stability, and also reduces the The space of the optical system 10 is occupied.
- the first optical element 1 and the second optical element 2 may use media with different refractive indices, for example, the first optical element 1 may use a first free-form prism made of polycarbonate (PC), while The second optical element 2 may be a second free-form curved prism made of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).
- the refractive index of the second optical element 2 may be, for example, 1.49
- the refractive index of the first optical element 1 may be, for example, 1.65.
- the imaging light includes three primary colors of light (such as red light, green light and blue light), when the imaging light passes through an optical element of a single optical material, dispersion is likely to occur.
- the first light-emitting surface S23 of the second optical element 2 and the second light-incident surface S12 of the first optical element 1 Due to the existence of the air gap between the second optical element 2 and the first optical element 1, there are medium differences between the second optical element 2 and the air gap and between the first optical element 1 and the air gap, thereby improving the imaging accuracy.
- the modulation performance of the optical path enhances the final 3D display effect.
- the separate arrangement of the second optical element 2 and the first optical element 1 also avoids the use of adhesive and reduces the production cost.
- part of the imaging light may be reflected by the second light incident surface S12 and then enter the second optical element 2 again stray light is formed by multiple reflections.
- part of the imaging light may be transmitted and enter the second optical element 2 for multiple reflections to form stray light. Due to the existence of stray light, it is easy to cause poor final 3D imaging effect.
- the optical system 10 further includes at least one first polarization component 500 , at least one second polarization component 600 , and a polarization beam splitting device 400 .
- a first polarizing component 500 is located on the light-emitting side of a first display module 100, and the first polarizing component 500 is configured to modulate the imaging light emitted by the first display module 100 into imaging light having a first polarization state.
- a second polarizing component 600 is located on the light-emitting side of a second display module 200, and the second polarizing component 600 is configured to modulate the imaging light emitted by the second display module 200 into imaging light having a second polarization state.
- the imaging light of the first polarization state and the imaging light of the second polarization state may be, for example, mutually perpendicular linearly polarized lights, and the two sets of linearly polarized lights do not interfere with each other, which is convenient for subsequent reception and utilization.
- the polarization beam splitting device 400 is located between the second light incident surface S12 of the first optical element 1 and the first light exit surface S23 of the second optical element 2.
- the polarization beam splitter device 400 is configured to reflect the imaging light in the first polarization state, And the imaging light in the second polarization state is transmitted.
- the natural light emitted by the first display module 100 and the second display module 200 respectively forms two groups of linearly polarized lights that do not interfere with each other after being polarized by the corresponding polarizing components, and then finally enters after targeted transmission and reflection by the polarizing light splitting device 400. to the human eye. There is no interference between the two sets of linearly polarized lights, and at the same time, the influence of the above-mentioned stray light can be reduced, thereby improving the 3D display effect.
- the imaging light of the first polarization state may be S-polarized light
- the imaging light of the second polarization state may be P-polarized light
- the first polarization component 500 may include an S-light polarizer
- the second polarizing component 600 may include a P-light polarizer.
- the imaging light of the first polarization state may be P-polarized light
- the imaging light of the second polarization state may be S-polarized light.
- the first polarization component 500 may include a P-light polarizer
- the second polarizing component 600 may include an S-light polarizer.
- the first polarizing component 500 includes a first polarizing plate 501 and a first half-wave plate 502 which are located away from the first display module 100 in sequence.
- the first polarizer 501 is parallel to the first display module 100, and the first polarizer is configured to modulate the imaging light emitted by the first display module into imaging light having a second polarization state.
- the angle between the first half-wave plate 502 and the direction of the light transmission axis of the first polarizer is about 45 degrees, and the first half-wave plate is configured to image the second polarization state modulated by the first polarizer. The light is converted into imaged light in a first polarization state.
- the first polarizer 501 may be a P-light polarizer; if the imaging light of the first polarization state is P-polarized light If the light is P-polarized light, and the imaging light of the second polarization state is S-polarized light, the first polarizer 501 may be an S-light polarizer.
- the second polarizing assembly 600 includes a second polarizing plate 601 and a second half-wave plate 602 that are in turn away from the second display module 200, and the second polarizing plate 601 is configured to transmit the imaging light emitted by the second display module.
- the imaging light is modulated into the first polarization state
- the second polarizer 601 is parallel to the second display module 200
- the angle between the second half-wave plate 602 and the direction of the light transmission axis of the second polarizer is about 45 degrees
- the second half-wave plate is configured to convert the imaging light in the first polarization state modulated by the second polarizer into imaging in the second polarization state.
- the second polarizer 601 may be an S-light polarizer; if the imaging light of the first polarization state is P-polarized light If the light is P-polarized light, and the imaging light of the second polarization state is S-polarized light, the second polarizer 601 may be a P-light polarizer.
- the setting of the half-wave plate can modulate the imaging light of the polarization state generated by the polarizing light component, and convert it into light of the required polarization state.
- parallel refers to parallel or approximately parallel.
- first polarizer 501 and the first half-wave plate 502 or the second polarizer 601 and the second half-wave plate 602 are parallel, the There is no contact between the planes.
- first polarizer 501 and the first half-wave plate 502 are approximately parallel, there may be an included angle between the planes where the two are located, and the included angle may range from greater than 0 degrees to less than or equal to 5 degrees.
- the included angle may be, for example, 0 degrees, 2 degrees, 4 degrees, and 5 degrees.
- about 45 degrees may refer to the stated value (ie, 45 degrees), or may refer to approximately the stated value.
- the angle between the light transmission axis of the first half-wave plate 502 and the first polarizer 501 may be 42 degrees to 48 degrees.
- the included angle between the first half-wave plate 502 and the light transmission axis of the first polarizer 501 (or the light transmission axis of the second half-wave plate 602 and the second polarizer 601 ) may be, for example, 42 degrees, 43 degrees. degrees, 45 degrees, 47 degrees, 48 degrees, etc.
- the ratio between the reflectivity and the transmittance of the second light incident surface S12 may be N:1, where N is greater than 0.
- N may be 1.
- the first optical element 1 may be a half mirror, which is relatively less difficult to manufacture.
- the imaging light of the second display module 200 has a large reflection effect when passing through the second light incident surface S12, at this time, the display brightness of the first display module 100 and the display brightness of the second display module 200
- the ratio can be 1:N. In this way, after some losses of the second light incident surface S12 (without considering the losses of the other surfaces of the first optical element 1 and the second optical element 2 ), the first display module 100 and the second display module 200 finally reach The imaging brightness of the human eye 300 is approximately the same, so that the 3D display effect can be guaranteed.
- the optical system 10 further includes a third optical element 3 and/or a fourth optical element 4 .
- the third optical element 3 is located on the light path between the first first display module 101 and the first light incident surface S23 of the first optical element 1; the third optical element 3 includes: a fifth light incident surface S31 , the first dimming surface S32 and the second light emitting surface S33.
- the fifth light incident surface S31 is configured to transmit the imaging light emitted by the first first display module 101 into the third optical element 3 .
- the first light-adjusting surface S32 is configured to reflect the imaging light transmitted into the third optical element 3 through the fifth light-incident surface S31 to the second light-emitting surface S33 .
- the second light-emitting surface S33 is configured to transmit the imaging light reflected by the first light-adjusting surface S32 to the first light-incident surface S11 of the first optical element 1 . In this way, the imaging light path of the first first display module 101 can be modulated, so that the setting position of the first first display module 101 is more flexible.
- At least one of the fifth light incident surface S31 , the first light adjustment surface S32 and the second light exit surface S33 is a free-form surface. That is, any one or any two of the fifth light incident surface S31 , the first light adjustment surface S32 and the second light exit surface S33 are free-form surfaces, or all three are free-form surfaces.
- the third optical element 3 includes a third free-form curved prism 13 , and the fifth light incident surface S31 , the first light-adjusting surface S32 and the second light-emitting surface S33 are three surfaces on the third free-form curved prism 13 . .
- the fifth light-incident surface S31 , the first light-adjusting surface S32 , and the second light-emitting surface S33 may be three surfaces connected end to end on the third free-form curved prism 13 .
- each surface of the third free-form surface prism 13 can be fully utilized, and its free-form surface can form a good modulation for the light passing through the free-form surface, thereby improving the entry of the first first display module 101 into the first optical element 1 and the The proportion of the imaging light of the human eye 300 enhances the final 3D display effect.
- the design principle of the free-form surface reference may be made to the foregoing description, which will not be repeated here.
- the first dimming surface S32 may be a reflective mirror surface, which is completely reflected when light irradiates on the reflective mirror surface from different incident angles. In this way, the imaging light emitted by the first first display module 101 can be completely reflected when passing through the first dimming surface S32 , which avoids excessive loss of the imaging light in the third optical element 3 .
- the first dimming surface S32 may also be configured such that the total reflection angle of the first dimming surface S32 is smaller than the incident angle of the imaging light incident on the first dimming surface S32.
- the total reflection angle of the first dimming surface S32 is related to the refractive index of the material of the third optical element 3 and the refractive index of the external environment (generally air) where the third optical element 3 is placed.
- the fifth light incident surface S31 can be, for example, a free-form surface, so that the direction of the imaging light passing through the first light-adjusting surface S32 can be adjusted; for example, the first light-adjusting surface S32 can be a free-form surface, which can adjust the imaging light direction.
- the incident angle of the light passing through the first dimming surface S32 is adjusted, so that the imaging light can be totally reflected when passing through the first dimming surface S32.
- the free-form surface please refer to the previous description, which will not be repeated here.
- the above-mentioned fourth optical element 4 is located on the light path between the first second display module 201 and the third light incident surface S21 of the second optical element 2; the fourth optical element 4 includes: a sixth light incident surface S41, a second light adjustment surface S42 and a third light exit surface S43.
- the sixth light incident surface S41 is configured to transmit the imaging light emitted by the first second display module 201 into the fourth optical element 4; the second light adjustment surface S42 is configured to pass through the sixth light incident surface S41 the imaging light transmitted into the fourth optical element 4 is reflected to the third light emitting surface S43; Three light-incident surfaces S21. In this way, the imaging light path of the first second display module 201 can be modulated, so that the setting position of the first second display module 201 is more flexible.
- At least one of the sixth light incident surface S41 , the second light adjustment surface S42 and the third light exit surface S43 is a free-form surface. That is, any one or any two of the sixth light incident surface S41 , the second light adjustment surface S42 and the third light exit surface S43 are free-form surfaces, or all three are free-form surfaces.
- the fourth optical element 4 includes a fourth free-form curved prism 14
- the sixth light-incident surface S41 , the second light-adjusting surface S42 and the third light-emitting surface S43 are three surfaces on the fourth free-form curved surface prism 14 . .
- the sixth light-incident surface S41 , the third light-emitting surface S43 , and the second light-adjusting surface S42 may be three surfaces connected end to end on the fourth free-form curved prism 14 .
- each surface of the fourth free-form surface prism 14 can be fully utilized, and its free-form surface can form a good modulation for the light passing through the free-form surface, thereby improving the entry of the first second display module 201 into the first optical element 1 and the The proportion of the imaging light of the human eye 300 enhances the final 3D display effect.
- the design principle of the free-form surface reference may be made to the foregoing description, which will not be repeated here.
- the second dimming surface S42 may be, for example, a reflective mirror surface or configured such that the total reflection angle of the second dimming surface S42 is smaller than the incident angle of the imaging light incident on the second dimming surface S42.
- the specific setting method of the second dimming surface S42 can be set correspondingly with reference to the first dimming surface S32, which will not be repeated here. In this way, the propagation loss of the imaging light emitted by the second display module 200 in the fourth optical element 4 can be reduced, and the 3D display effect can be further enhanced.
- the light-emitting side of the first first display module 101 may be disposed obliquely compared to the fifth light-incident surface S31 of the third optical element 3 , that is, the first first display module
- the angle between the imaging light emitted by the group 101 and reaching the fifth light incident surface S31 and the first first display module 101 is an acute angle; similarly, the light emitting side of the first second display module 201 can also be compared
- the sixth light incident surface S41 of the fourth optical element 4 is disposed obliquely. In this way, the placement positions of the display modules in the optical system 10 can be more diversified.
- the light-emitting side of the first first display module 101 is disposed opposite to the fifth light-incident surface S31 of the third optical element 3 , that is, the first first display module 101
- the angle between the imaging light emitted and reaching the fifth light incident surface S31 and the first first display module 101 is approximately a right angle.
- the first first display module 101 emits and reaches the fifth incident light
- the angle between the imaging light on the surface S31 and the first display module 101 is 85 degrees to 95 degrees.
- the angle between the imaging light emitted by the first first display module 101 and reaching the fifth light incident surface S31 and the first first display module 101 may be 85 degrees, 87 degrees, 90 degrees, 91 degrees and 95 degrees, etc.
- the optical path difference between the imaging light emitted from different positions of the first first display module 101 reaching the fifth light incident surface S31 can be reduced, and the display effect of the first first display module 101 can be improved.
- the light exit side of the first second display module 201 is disposed opposite to the sixth light incident surface S41 of the fourth optical element 4 . In this way, the optical path difference between the imaging light emitted from different positions of the first second display module 201 reaching the sixth light incident surface S41 can be reduced, and the display effect of the first second display module 201 can be improved.
- the optical system 10 further includes a fifth optical element 5 .
- the fifth optical element 5 is located on the light path between the second second display module 202 and the fourth light incident surface S22 of the second optical element 2 .
- the fifth optical element 5 includes: a seventh light incident surface S51 and a fourth light exit surface S52.
- the seventh light incident surface S51 is configured to transmit the imaging light emitted by the second second display module 202 into the fourth light exit surface S52 in the fifth optical element 5 .
- the fourth light exit surface S52 is configured to transmit the imaging light passing through the fourth light exit surface S52 to the fourth light entrance surface S22 of the second optical element 2 . In this way, the light emitted from the second second display module 202 can be modulated to better enter the second optical element 2 .
- either or both of the seventh light incident surface S51 and the fourth light exit surface S52 are free-form surfaces.
- the fifth optical element 5 includes a fifth free-form surface prism 15, and the seventh light-incident surface S51 and the fourth light-emitting surface S52 are two surfaces on the fifth free-form surface prism 15.
- a transition surface may also be provided on one side of the seventh light incident surface S51, so that opposite ends of the transition surface may be connected to the seventh light incident surface S51 and the fourth light exit surface S52, respectively.
- the free-form surface By setting the free-form surface, the light passing through the free-form surface can be well modulated, thereby increasing the proportion of imaging light reaching the second light incident surface S12 of the first optical element 1, and finally enhancing the 3D display effect.
- the design principle of the free-form surface reference may be made to the foregoing description, which will not be repeated here.
- the fourth light-emitting surface S52 and the fourth light-incident surface S22 may be arranged in contact, for example, so that the space occupied by the optical assembly as a whole can be reduced.
- the display device 20 includes the optical system 10 of any of the above-mentioned embodiments.
- the display device 20 can be, for example, any device with a three-dimensional display function, such as AR glasses and VR glasses, and the present disclosure does not specifically limit the specific use of the display device 20 .
- the beneficial effects that can be achieved by the display device 20 provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure are the same as the beneficial effects that can be achieved by the optical system 10 described above, and are not repeated here.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
Abstract
一种光学系统(10),包括第一光学元件(1)、至少一个第一显示模组(100)和至少一个第二显示模组(200);第一光学元件(1)包括第一入光面(S11)、第二入光面(S12)和观看面(S13),第一入光面(S11)同时位于所有第一显示模组(100)的出光路径上,第二入光面(S12)同时位于所有第二显示模组(200)的出光路径上;第一入光面(S11)被配置为:将所有第一显示模组(100)发出的成像光透射入第一光学元件(1)内以折射向第二入光面(S12);第二入光面(S12)被配置为:将所有第二显示模组(200)发出的成像光透射入第一光学元件(1)内以折射向观看面(S13);以及,将经过第一入光面(S11)透射进入第一光学元件(1)内的成像光反射至观看面(S13);观看面(S13)被配置为:使各个显示模组(100,200)发出的成像光透射至人眼(300),以在观看面(S13)背离人眼(300)的一侧形成位于不同焦面(101,102)上的虚像。
Description
本公开涉及显示领域,尤其涉及一种光学系统及显示装置。
随着显示技术的发展,诸如虚拟现实(Virtual Reality,VR)显示装置和增强现实(Augmented Reality,AR)显示装置受到了用户的广泛认可以及业界的广泛关注。
发明内容
一方面,提供一种光学系统。所述光学系统包括至少一个第一显示模组、至少一个第二显示模组,以及第一光学元件。第一光学元件包括第一入光面、第二入光面和观看面。所述第一入光面同时位于所有所述第一显示模组的出光路径上,所述第二入光面同时位于所有所述第二显示模组的出光路径上。其中,所述第一入光面被配置为:将所有所述第一显示模组发出的成像光透射入所述第一光学元件内以折射向所述第二入光面。所述第二入光面被配置为:将所有所述第二显示模组发出的成像光透射入所述第一光学元件内以折射向所述观看面;以及,将经过所述第一入光面透射进入所述第一光学元件内的成像光反射至所述观看面。所述观看面被配置为:使各个显示模组发出的成像光透射至人眼,以在观看面背离人眼的一侧形成位于不同焦面上的虚像。
在一些实施例中,所述第一入光面、所述第二入光面和所述观看面中的至少一者为自由曲面。
在一些实施例中,所述第一光学元件包括第一自由曲面棱镜,所述第一入光面、所述第二入光面和所述观看面为所述第一自由曲面棱镜上的三个表面。
在一些实施例中,所述光学元件包括第二光学元件。第二光学元件包括第三入光面和第一出光面。所述第三入光面位于第一个所述第二显示模组的出光路径上,所述第一出光面与所述第一光学元件的第二入光面相对设置。所述第三入光面被配置为将所述第一个所述第二显示模组发出的成像光透射入所述第二光学元件内以直接或间接地射向所述第一出光面。所述第一出光面被配置为:将所述第二光学元件内射向所述第一出光面的成像光透射至所述第一光学元件的第二入光面。
在一些实施例中,所述第二光学元件还包括第四入光面,所述第四入光 面被配置为:将经过所述第三入光面透射进入所述第二光学元件内的成像光反射至所述第一出光面。
在一些实施例中,所述第三入光面、所述第四入光面和所述第一出光面中的至少一者为自由曲面。
在一些实施例中,所述第二光学元件包括第二自由曲面棱镜,所述第三入光面、所述第四入光面和所述第一出光面为所述第二自由曲面棱镜上的三个表面。
在一些实施例中,所述光学系统还包括第三光学元件和/或第四光学元件。所述第三光学元件位于第一个所述第一显示模组与所述第一光学元件的第一入光面之间的光路径上,所述第三光学元件包括:第五入光面、第一调光面以及第二出光面。其中,所述第五入光面被配置为:将所述第一个所述第一显示模组发出的成像光透射入所述第三光学元件内;所述第一调光面被配置为:将经过所述第五入光面透射入所述第三光学元件内的成像光反射至所述第二出光面;所述第二出光面被配置为:将经过所述第一调光面反射的成像光透射至所述第一光学元件的第一入光面。所述第四光学元件位于所述第一个所述第二显示模组与所述第二光学元件的第三入光面之间的光路径上,所述第四光学元件包括:第六入光面、第二调光面以及第三出光面。其中,所述第六入光面被配置为:将所述第一个所述第二显示模组发出的成像光透射入所述第四光学元件内;所述第二调光面被配置为:将经过所述第六入光面透射入所述第四光学元件内的成像光反射至所述第三出光面;所述第三出光面被配置为:将经过所述第二调光面反射的成像光透射至所述第一光学元件的第二入光面。
在一些实施例中,所述第一调光面按照以下至少一种方式设置:所述第一调光面的全反射角小于射向所述第一调光面的成像光的入射角;或者,所述第一调光面为反射镜面。所述第二调光面按照以下至少一种方式设置:所述第二调光面的全反射角小于射向所述第二调光面的成像光的入射角;或者,所述第二调光面为反射镜面。
在一些实施例中,所述第二光学元件的第一出光面与所述第一光学元件的第二入光面相接触;或者,所述第二光学元件的第一出光面与所述第一光学元件的第二入光面之间具有间隙。
在一些实施例中,所述光学系统还包括偏振分光器件、至少一个第一偏振组件以及至少一个第二偏振组件。一个所述第一偏振组件位于一个所述第一显示模组的出光侧,所述第一偏振组件被配置为将所述第一显示模组发出 的成像光调制为呈第一偏振态的成像光。一个所述第二偏振组件位于一个所述第二显示模组的出光侧,所述第二偏振组件被配置为将所述第二显示模组发出的成像光调制为呈第二偏振态的成像光。偏振分光器件位于所述第一光学元件的第二入光面与所述第二光学元件的第一出光面之间,所述偏振分光器件被配置为:反射所述呈第一偏振态的成像光,且透射所述呈第二偏振态的成像光。
在一些实施例中,所述第二入光面的反射率与透射率之间的比为N:1,所述第一显示模组的显示亮度与所述第二显示模组的显示亮度之间的比为1:N,其中,N大于0。
在一些实施例中,所述第二光学元件还包括第四入光面;所述光学系统还包括第五光学元件。所述第五光学元件位于第二个所述第二显示模组与所述第二光学元件的第四入光面之间的光路径上。所述第五光学元件包括:第七入光面和第四出光面。其中,所述第七入光面被配置为:将所述第二个所述第二显示模组发出的成像光透射入所述第五光学元件内。所述第四出光面被配置为:将经所述第七入光面透射的成像光透射至所述第二光学元件的第四入光面;其中,所述第四入光面还被配置为:将经所述第四出光面透射出的成像光透射入所述第二光学元件内以折射向所述第一出光面。
在一些实施例中,所述至少一个第一显示模组和所述至少一个第二显示模组中的各个显示模组的成像光到达所述观看面的光程不同。
另一方面,提供一种显示装置。所述显示装置包括:如上述任一实施例所述的光学系统。
为了更清楚地说明本公开中的技术方案,下面将对本公开一些实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例的附图,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。此外,以下描述中的附图可以视作示意图,并非对本公开实施例所涉及的产品的实际尺寸、方法的实际流程、信号的实际时序等的限制。
图1为根据一些实施例的一种光学系统的结构图;
图2为根据一些实施例的另一种光学系统的结构图;
图3为根据一些实施例的再一种光学系统的结构图;
图4为根据一些实施例的又一种光学系统的结构图;
图5为根据一些实施例的又一种光学系统的结构图;
图6为根据一些实施例的又一种光学系统的结构图;
图7为根据一些实施例的又一种光学系统的结构图;
图8为根据一些实施例的又一种光学系统的结构图;
图9为根据一些实施例的又一种光学系统的结构图;
图10为根据一些实施例的一种显示装置的结构图。
下面将结合附图,对本公开一些实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开所提供的实施例,本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本公开保护的范围。
除非上下文另有要求,否则,在整个说明书和权利要求书中,术语“包括(comprise)”及其其他形式例如第三人称单数形式“包括(comprises)”和现在分词形式“包括(comprising)”被解释为开放、包含的意思,即为“包含,但不限于”。在说明书的描述中,术语“一个实施例(one embodiment)”、“一些实施例(some embodiments)”、“示例性实施例(exemplary embodiments)”、“示例(example)”、“特定示例(specific example)”或“一些示例(some examples)”等旨在表明与该实施例或示例相关的特定特征、结构、材料或特性包括在本公开的至少一个实施例或示例中。上述术语的示意性表示不一定是指同一实施例或示例。此外,所述的特定特征、结构、材料或特点可以以任何适当方式包括在任何一个或多个实施例或示例中。
以下,术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此,限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本公开实施例的描述中,除非另有说明,“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
“A、B和C中的至少一个”与“A、B或C中的至少一个”具有相同含义,均包括以下A、B和C的组合:仅A,仅B,仅C,A和B的组合,A和C的组合,B和C的组合,及A、B和C的组合。
“A和/或B”,包括以下三种组合:仅A,仅B,及A和B的组合。
本文中“适用于”或“被配置为”的使用意味着开放和包容性的语言,其不排除适用于或被配置为执行额外任务或步骤的设备。
另外,“基于”的使用意味着开放和包容性,因为“基于”一个或多个所述条件或值的过程、步骤、计算或其他动作在实践中可以基于额外条件或超出所述的值。
如本文所使用的那样,“约”或“近似”包括所阐述的值以及处于特定值的可接受偏差范围内的平均值,其中所述可接受偏差范围如由本领域普通技术人员考虑到正在讨论的测量以及与特定量的测量相关的误差(即,测量系统的局限性)所确定。
虚拟现实显示装置具有沉浸感(Immersion)、交互性(Interaction)和想象性(Imagination)等优势,受到人们的广泛喜爱。增强现实显示装置通过将显示的虚拟场景图像叠加在外界真实场景中,可以实现外界真实场景与虚拟场景的融合,并因此可以提升用户对现实世界的认知能力。相关技术中,虚拟现实显示装置和增强现实显示装置多采用双目视差的方式以产生三维(three-Dimension,3D)显示效果,但这种方式下,使用者的两个眼球分别聚焦于一个固定距离的虚像上,而不能随着虚拟显示物体的远近而重新聚焦。由于双目视差和聚焦模糊所呈现的远近距离不同,往往导致大脑产生深度感知冲突,引起视觉疲劳,产生辐辏冲突。
基于此,本公开一些实施例提供一种光学系统10,该光学系统例如可以应用于上述虚拟现实显示装置或增强现实显示装置中。参见图1~图8,包括至少一个第一显示模组100和至少一个第二显示模组200。在显示过程中,可以利用各个显示模组(例如第一显示模组100、第二显示模组200)显示同一场景下不同成像深度的画面,例如第一显示模组100可以显示近处物体清晰且远处物体模糊的画面,而第二显示模组200可以显示近处物体模糊且远处物体清晰的画面;或者,第一显示模组100可以显示近处物体模糊且远处物体清晰的画面,而第二显示模组200可以显示近处物体清晰且远处物体模糊的画面。
上述显示模组例如可以是LCD(Liquid Crystal Display,液晶显示器)、OLED(Organic Light Emitting Diode,有机发光二极管)显示器或者QLED(Quantum Dot Light Emitting Diodes,量子点发光二极管)显示器等任何具有显示功能的显示器件。
继续参见图1~图8,该光学系统10还包括第一光学元件1。该第一光学元件1包括第一入光面S11、第二入光面S12和观看面S13。
第一入光面S11同时位于所有第一显示模组100的出光路径上。第一入光面S11被配置为:将所有第一显示模组100发出的成像光透射入第一光学元件1内以折射向第二入光面S12。
示例性的,第一入光面S11可以与至少一个第一显示模组100的出光面相对设置,这样第一显示模组100不同位置处发出并射向第一入光面S11的 成像光的光程比较一致,可以更加方便对第一显示模组100发出的成像光进行调制。另外,由于第一显示模组100在显示过程中,显示模组的成像光在趋于垂直显示模组表面的出光角度范围时,光线更加集中,该出光角度范围的出光量大于其他角度的出光量。
其中,上述“趋于垂直”可以指显示模组的出射光线与显示模组表面之间角度范围为85度~95度。该出光角度可以是85度、87度、90度、92度、95度等。这样也可使第一显示模组100发出的成像光更多地进入到第一光学元件1内,有利于提高对第一显示模组100发出的成像光的利用率,进而提高3D成像亮度。
其中,第一入光面S11例如可以是自由曲面,相比于球面、非球面等旋转对称表面,自由曲面可以不受旋转对称轴的限制,具有更高的设计自由度和面型自由度,对光线的控制能力更强,这样可以对第一显示模组100发出的成像光形成良好的调制,使其更加稳定准确地折射到第二入光面S12上。其中,自由曲面例如可以采用xy多项式进行设计。示例性的,该自由曲面包括若干彼此相接的子曲面,而自由曲面的表面形状z1(x,y)满足表达式(1):
其中,c1为多个子曲面的每个的曲率半径;k1为多个子曲面的每个的二次曲面常数,Cmn1为多个子曲面的每个的第m-n阶的系数。
当然,自由曲面还可采用例如泽尼克多项式或其他可以表征自由曲面的表达方式进行设计,本公开对此不作限制。
第二入光面S12同时位于所有第二显示模组200的出光路径上。第二入光面S12被配置为:将所有第二显示模组200发出的成像光透射入第一光学元件1内以折射向观看面S13;以及,将经过第一入光面S11透射进入第一光学元件1内的成像光反射至观看面S13。
示例性的,第二入光面S12可以与至少一个第二显示模组200的出光面相对设置,同样的,这样可以使第二显示模组200发出的成像光更多地进入到第一光学元件1内,利于提高最终的3D成像效果。
其中,第二入光面S12例如可以是自由曲面,这样可以对第一显示模组100以及第二显示模组200发出的成像光形成良好的调制,使得第一显示模组100发出的成像光更加稳定反射到观看面S13上,而第二显示模组200发出的成像光则可以更加稳定地折射到观看面S13上。其中,自由曲面的设计原理可参见前面的描述,此处不再赘述。
观看面S13被配置为使各个显示模组(例如第一显示模组100、第二显示模组200)发出的成像光透射至人眼300,以在观看面S13背离人眼300的一侧形成位于不同焦面上的虚像(即:各个显示模组发出的成像光通过观看面S13可以汇聚到人眼300中,人眼300感知到的虚像分别成像在不同的焦面上)。观看面S13例如可以是球面,其制造工艺简单,成本更低。观看面S13例如也可以是非球面,其对于离轴光线聚焦更好,可以防止观看到的图像变形模糊。观看面S13例如还可以是自由曲面,其设计自由度更高,对离轴像差校正能力更强。
在一些实施例中,各个显示模组(例如第一显示模组100、第二显示模组200)的成像光到达观看面S13的光程不同,可以使各个显示模组所对应的虚像位于不同位置的焦面上,形成稳定有效的3D显示效果。
需要说明的是,各个显示模组的所对应的成像焦面位置并不仅由显示模组的位置确定,也即,各个显示模组所对应的成像焦面的位置还可以由该显示模组的出光路径中所参与的各个要素(例如各光学元件的表面形状、厚度、折射率,以及相邻光学元件之间的介质材料,相邻光学元件的间距等)来确定。
本公开一些实施例提供的光学系统10中,第一显示模组100的成像光经过第二入光面S12的反射,而第二显示模组200的成像光则经过第二入光面S12的透射,以上显示模组的成像光最后均经过观看面S13的透射进入人眼300,人眼300感知到的虚像分别成像在观看面S13背离人眼300一侧的不同焦面(例如第一显示模组100和第二显示模组200所对应的成像焦面分别为图1中的第一焦面101和第二焦面201)上。人眼300可以同时接收到同一场景下不同成像深度的多组图像,从而生成立体视觉画面,产生3D显示效果。由于此时人眼300同时还可以通过眼球自由聚焦到同一场景下不同成像深度的图像,从而可以同时看清不同远近处物体的细节,进而改善了由于人眼300聚焦位置的固定而造成的辐辏冲突问题,使人眼300在观看3D画面时不容易产生疲劳。
需要说明的是,上述人眼300可以为单个眼球,即单个眼球可以接收来自多个不同显示模组(例如第一显示模组100和第二显示模组200)的成像光,从而观看到3D显示效果。而需要进行双眼观看时,每个眼球可以各自对应一套独立的上述光学系统,因此,可以改善相关技术中因人眼300聚焦位置的固定而造成的辐辏冲突问题。
如图1~图8所示,在一些实施例中,第一光学元件1包括第一自由曲面 棱镜11,上述第一入光面S11、第二入光面S12和观看面S13分别为该第一自由曲面棱镜11上的三个表面。示例性的,第一入光面S11、第二入光面S12和观看面S13可以为第一自由曲面棱镜11上首尾依次连接的三个表面。这样整体结构简单,空间占用少,利用一个第一自由曲面棱镜11以及多个显示模组即可实现3D成像。
在一些实施例中,参见图2~图8,该光学系统10还包括第二光学元件2。第二光学元件2包括第三入光面S21和第一出光面S23。
第三入光面S21位于第一个第二显示模组201的出光路径上。第三入光面S21被配置为将第一个第二显示模组201发出的成像光透射入第二光学元件2内以直接或间接地射向第一出光面S23。
如图2所示,在一些示例中,第一出光面S23与第一光学元件1的第二入光面S12相对设置。第一出光面S23被配置为:将第二光学元件2内射向第一出光面S23的成像光透射至第一光学元件1的第二入光面S12。成像光在经过第二光学元件2时具体的路径为:该成像光先经过第三入光面S21透射到第一出光面S23上,然后再经第一出光面S23射出到达第一光学元件1的第二入光面S12上。通过这样设置,第二光学元件2可对第一个第二显示模组201的成像光的光路进行调制,使得第一个第二显示模组201的位置设置更加灵活。
需要说明的是,第一个第二显示模组201发出的成像光在第二光学元件2传播路径可以灵活设置,对应的,第二光学元件2的形状以及尺寸等也需随之发生改变。示例性的,第二光学元件2中的第三入光面S21和第一出光面S23中的至少一者为自由曲面,自由曲面的设计原理可参见前面的描述,此处不再赘述,而自由曲面的设置可以灵活改变成像光的传播路径。这样设置,第二光学元件2通过对第一个第二显示模组201发出的成像光的光路进行改变,使得该第一个第二显示模组201设置位置更加灵活。
如图3所示,在另一些示例中,第二光学元件2还包括第四入光面S22,第四入光面S22位于第一个第二显示模组201的出光路径上。其中,第四入光面S22被配置为:将经过第三入光面S21透射进入第二光学元件2内的成像光反射至第一出光面S23。此时,成像光在经过第二光学元件2时的路径为:该成像光先经过第三入光面S21透射到第四入光面S22上,然后经过第四入光面S22的反射到达第一出光面S23并随后射出第二光学元件2。这样便达到了间接地将经第三入光面S21透射入第二光学元件2内的成像光射向第一出光面S23的目的。
其中,第四入光面S22、第三入光面S21以及第一出光面S23中的至少一者可以为自由曲面。示例性的,第二光学元件2包括第二自由曲面棱镜12,第三入光面S21、第四入光面S22和第一出光面S23为第二自由曲面棱镜12上的三个表面。例如,如图3所示,第三入光面S21、第四入光面S22和第一出光面S23可以为第二自由曲面棱镜12上首尾依次连接的三个表面。这样设置后,第二光学元件2的整体结构简单,而其自由曲面可以对经过该自由曲面的光线形成良好的调制,从而提高到达第一光学元件1的第二入光面S12的成像光的比例,最终增强3D显示效果。其中,自由曲面的设计原理可参见前面的描述,此处不再赘述。
如图4所示,在又一些示例中,第二光学元件2还包括与第四入光面S22相对设置的第二个第二显示模组202,而第一个第二显示模组201的显示侧与第三入光面S21相对设置,这样,两个第二显示模组200发出的成像光均可通过第二光学元件2的传播到达第一光学元件1的第二入光面S12。此时,两个第二显示模组200以及一个显示模组100发出的成像光最终均可以透过观看面S13到达人眼300,从而使得人眼300能够观看到三个焦面的图像,进而提高了3D显示效果。
其中,第四入光面S22、第三入光面S21以及第一出光面S23中的至少一者可以为自由曲面。对应自由曲面的设计原理以及作用效果可参见前面的描述,此处不再赘述。
参见图2~图4以及图7~图8,在一些实施例中,第二光学元件2的第一出光面S23与第一光学元件1的第二入光面S12相接触。示例性的,第一出光面S23与第二入光面S12之间通过胶合粘接。例如,第一出光面S23与第二入光面S12之间可采用光学透明胶剂粘接,粘接之后的光学元件透光性好,收缩率小,稳定性高,同时也减小了该光学系统10的空间占用。
在一些示例中,第一光学元件1与第二光学元件2可以采用不同折射率的介质,例如,第一光学元件1可以采用聚碳酸酯(polycarbonate,PC)材质的第一自由曲面棱镜,而第二光学元件2可以采用聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(polymethyl methacrylate,PMMA)材质的第二自由曲面棱镜。此时,第二光学元件2的折射率例如可以是1.49,而第一光学元件1的折射率例如可以是1.65。
由于成像光包括三原色光(例如红光、绿光和蓝光),成像光在经过单一光学材料的光学元件时,容易发生色散现象,在光学材料阿贝数越大的情况下,色散越明显。利用第一出光面S23以及第二入光面S12分别对应的凹 面和凸面,并配合以第二光学元件2和第一光学元件1相应不同的折射率,便可以有效地减弱成像光在经过单一光学材料的光学元件时所产生的色差,从而提高最终的3D显示效果。
参见图5,在另一些实施例中,第二光学元件2的第一出光面S23与第一光学元件1的第二入光面S12之间具有间隙。由于第二光学元件2与第一光学元件1之间空气间隙的存在,使得第二光学元件2与空气间隙之间以及第一光学元件1与空气间隙之间均存在介质差异,从而提高对成像光光路的调制性能,增强最终的3D显示效果。另外,第二光学元件2与第一光学元件1的分离设置还避免了粘胶的使用,降低了生产成本。
第二光学元件2透射出来的成像光在经过第一光学元件1的第二入光面S12透射的过程中,部分成像光可能被第二入光面S12反射然后再次进入到第二光学元件2中进行多次反射形成杂散光。另外,第一光学元件1内折射向第二入光面S12的成像光在反射的过程中,部分成像光可能发生透射并进入到第二光学元件2中进行多次反射形成杂散光。由于杂散光的存在,容易造成最终3D成像效果不佳。
基于此,如图5所示,在一些实施例中,该光学系统10还包括至少一个第一偏振组件500、至少一个第二偏振组件600以及偏振分光器件400。
一个第一偏振组件500位于一个第一显示模组100的出光侧,第一偏振组件500被配置为将第一显示模组100发出的成像光调制为呈第一偏振态的成像光。一个第二偏振组件600位于一个第二显示模组200的出光侧,第二偏振组件600被配置为将第二显示模组200发出的成像光调制为呈第二偏振态的成像光。第一偏振态的成像光与第二偏振态的成像光例如可以是相互垂直的线偏振光,两组线偏振光相互不产生干扰,也方便后续对其进行针对性的接收和利用。
偏振分光器件400位于第一光学元件1的第二入光面S12与第二光学元件2的第一出光面S23之间,偏振分光器件400被配置为:反射呈第一偏振态的成像光,且透射呈第二偏振态的成像光。第一显示模组100和第二显示模组200发出的自然光分别在对应的偏振组件偏振之后形成两组不相互干扰的线偏振光,然后经过偏振分光器件400针对性的透射和反射之后最终进入到人眼。两组线偏振光之间不发生干扰,同时也能够减少上述杂散光的影响,从而提高3D显示效果。
在一些示例中,第一偏振态的成像光可以是S偏振态光,第二偏振态的成像光则可以为P偏振态光,此时,第一偏振组件500可以包括S光偏振片, 而第二偏振组件600可以包括P光偏振片。在另一些示例中,第一偏振态的成像光可以是P偏振态光,第二偏振态的成像光则可以为S偏振态光,此时,第一偏振组件500可以包括P光偏振片,而第二偏振组件600可以包括S光偏振片。
在一些实施例中,如图6所示,第一偏振组件500包括依次远离第一显示模组100的第一偏振片501和第一半波片502。第一偏振片501平行于第一显示模组100,第一偏振片被配置为将第一显示模组发出的成像光调制为呈第二偏振态的成像光。第一半波片502与第一偏振片的透光轴方向之间的夹角为约45度,第一半波片被配置为将经第一偏振片调制形成的呈第二偏振态的成像光转换为呈第一偏振态的成像光。此时,若第一偏振态的成像光是S偏振态光,第二偏振态的成像光为P偏振态光,则第一偏振片501可以是P光偏振片;若第一偏振态的成像光是P偏振态光,第二偏振态的成像光为S偏振态光,则第一偏振片501可以是S光偏振片。
和/或,第二偏振组件600包括依次远离第二显示模组200的第二偏振片601和第二半波片602,第二偏振片601被配置为将第二显示模组发出的成像光调制为呈第一偏振态的成像光,第二偏振片601平行于第二显示模组200,第二半波片602与第二偏振片的透光轴方向之间的夹角为约45度,第二半波片被配置为将经第二偏振片调制形成的呈第一偏振态的成像光转换为呈第二偏振态的成像。此时,若第一偏振态的成像光是S偏振态光,第二偏振态的成像光为P偏振态光,则第二偏振片601可以是S光偏振片;若第一偏振态的成像光是P偏振态光,第二偏振态的成像光为S偏振态光,则第二偏振片601可以是P光偏振片。
其中,半波片的设置可以对偏振光组件所产生的偏振态的成像光进行调制,转换为所需偏振态的光线。
需要说明的是,上述“平行”指的是平行或者近似平行,第一偏振片501和第一半波片502(或者第二偏振片601和第二半波片602)平行时,两者所在平面之间不发生接触。而第一偏振片501和第一半波片502近似平行时,两者所在平面之间可以存在夹角,该夹角范围可以为大于0度且小于或等于5度。该夹角例如可以为0度、2度、4度以及5度等。另外,“约45度”可以是指所阐述的值(即45度),或者也可以是指接近所阐述的值。例如可以是第一半波片502与第一偏振片501的透光轴(或者第二半波片602与第二偏振片601的透光轴)之间夹角为42度~48度。示例性的,第一半波片502与第一偏振片501的透光轴(或者第二半波片602与第二偏振片601的透光 轴)之间夹角例如可以是42度、43度、45度、47度、48度等。
在一些实施例中,第二入光面S12的反射率与透射率之间的比可以为N:1,其中,N大于0。N例如可以是1,此时,该第一光学元件1可以为半透半反镜,其制作难度相对较小。
而由于第二显示模组200的成像光在经过第二入光面S12时会存在较大的反射作用,此时,第一显示模组100的显示亮度与第二显示模组200的显示亮度比可以为1:N。这样,在经过第二入光面S12的一些损耗之后(不考虑第一光学元件1以及第二光学元件2的其他面的损耗),第一显示模组100与第二显示模组200最终到达人眼300的成像光亮度大致相同,从而能够保证3D显示效果。
在一些实施例中,如图7和图8所示,该光学系统10还包括第三光学元件3和/或者第四光学元件4。
其中,第三光学元件3位于第一个第一显示模组101与第一光学元件1的第一入光面S23之间的光路径上;第三光学元件3包括:第五入光面S31、第一调光面S32以及第二出光面S33。第五入光面S31被配置为:将第一个第一显示模组101发出的成像光透射入第三光学元件3内。第一调光面S32被配置为:将经过第五入光面S31透射入第三光学元件3内的成像光反射至第二出光面S33。第二出光面S33被配置为:将经过第一调光面S32反射的成像光透射至第一光学元件1的第一入光面S11。这样可对第一个第一显示模组101的成像光路径进行调制,使第一个第一显示模组101的设置位置更加灵活。
在一些示例中,第五入光面S31、第一调光面S32以及第二出光面S33中的至少一者为自由曲面。即,第五入光面S31、第一调光面S32以及第二出光面S33中的任意一者或任意两者为自由曲面,或者上述三者均为自由曲面。示例性的,第三光学元件3包括第三自由曲面棱镜13,上述第五入光面S31、第一调光面S32以及第二出光面S33为该第三自由曲面棱镜13上的三个表面。例如,第五入光面S31、第一调光面S32、第二出光面S33可以为第三自由曲面棱镜13上首尾依次连接的三个表面。这样,第三自由曲面棱镜13各个表面可以得到充分利用,而其自由曲面可以对经过该自由曲面的光线形成良好的调制,从而提高第一个第一显示模组101进入第一光学元件1和人眼300的成像光的比例,增强最终的3D显示效果。该自由曲面的设计原理可参见前面的描述,此处不再赘述。
在一些示例中,第一调光面S32可以是反射镜面,当光线从不同入射角 照射到反射镜面上后均完全被反射。这样第一个第一显示模组101发出的成像光在经过第一调光面S32时可以被完全反射,避免了成像光在第三光学元件3中发生过多的损耗。
在另一些示例中,第一调光面S32还可以被配置为:第一调光面S32的全反射角小于射向第一调光面S32的成像光的入射角。其中,第一调光面S32的全反射角与第三光学元件3的材料折射率以及第三光学元件3所放置的外界环境(一般为空气)的折射率相关。而当射向第一调光面S32的成像光的入射角大于第一调光面S32的全反射角时,该成像光即会被完全反射。此时,第五入光面S31例如可以是自由曲面,这样可以对经过第一调光面S32的成像光方向进行调整;又例如,第一调光面S32可以是自由曲面,这样可以对成像光经过第一调光面S32时的入射角度调节,从而可以使得成像光经过第一调光面S32时发生全反射。对于自由曲面的设计原理可参见前面的描述,此处不再赘述。
另外,继续参见图7和图8,上述第四光学元件4位于第一个第二显示模组201与第二光学元件2的第三入光面S21之间的光路径上;第四光学元件4包括:第六入光面S41、第二调光面S42以及第三出光面S43。第六入光面S41被配置为:将第一个第二显示模组201发出的成像光透射入第四光学元件4内;第二调光面S42被配置为:将经过第六入光面S41透射入第四光学元件4内的成像光反射至第三出光面S43;第三出光面S43被配置为:将经过第二调光面S42反射的成像光透射至第二光学元件2的第三入光面S21。这样可对第一个第二显示模组201的成像光路径进行调制,使第一个第二显示模组201的设置位置更加灵活。
在一些示例中,第六入光面S41、第二调光面S42以及第三出光面S43中的至少一者为自由曲面。即,第六入光面S41、第二调光面S42以及第三出光面S43中的任意一者或任意两者为自由曲面,或者上述三者均为自由曲面。示例性的,第四光学元件4包括第四自由曲面棱镜14,上述第六入光面S41、第二调光面S42以及第三出光面S43为该第四自由曲面棱镜14上的三个表面。例如,第六入光面S41、第三出光面S43、第二调光面S42可以为第四自由曲面棱镜14上首尾依次连接的三个表面。这样,第四自由曲面棱镜14各个表面可以得到充分利用,而其自由曲面可以对经过该自由曲面的光线形成良好的调制,从而提高第一个第二显示模组201进入第一光学元件1和人眼300的成像光的比例,增强最终的3D显示效果。该自由曲面的设计原理可参见前面的描述,此处不再赘述。
在一些示例中,第二调光面S42例如可以是反射镜面或者被配置为第二调光面S42的全反射角小于射向第二调光面S42的成像光的入射角。第二调光面S42的具体设置方式可以参照第一调光面S32进行相应设置,此处便不再进行赘述。这样可以减少第二显示模组200发出的成像光在第四光学元件4中传播的损耗,进一步增强3D显示效果。
在一些示例中,如图7所示,第一个第一显示模组101的出光侧可以相较于第三光学元件3的第五入光面S31倾斜设置,即第一个第一显示模组101发出并到达第五入光面S31的成像光与第一个第一显示模组101之间夹角为锐角;同样的,第一个第二显示模组201的出光侧也可以相较于第四光学元件4的第六入光面S41倾斜设置。这样可以使得光学系统10中显示模组的摆放位置更加多样化。
在另一些示例中,如图8所示,第一个第一显示模组101的出光侧与第三光学元件3的第五入光面S31相对设置,即第一个第一显示模组101发出并到达第五入光面S31的成像光与第一个第一显示模组101之间夹角大约为直角,示例性的,第一个第一显示模组101发出并到达第五入光面S31的成像光与第一个第一显示模组101之间夹角为85度~95度。例如,第一个第一显示模组101发出并到达第五入光面S31的成像光与第一个第一显示模组101之间夹角可以是85度、87度、90度、91度以及95度等。这样,可以减少第一个第一显示模组101不同位置发出的成像光到达第五入光面S31的光程差,提高第一个第一显示模组101的显示效果。同样的,第一个第二显示模组201的出光侧与第四光学元件4的第六入光面S41相对设置。这样可以减少第一个第二显示模组201不同位置发出的成像光到达第六入光面S41的光程差,提高第一个第二显示模组201的显示效果。
在一些实施例中,如图9所示,该光学系统10还包括第五光学元件5。该第五光学元件5位于第二个第二显示模组202与第二光学元件2的第四入光面S22之间的光路径上。第五光学元件5包括:第七入光面S51和第四出光面S52。其中,第七入光面S51被配置为:将第二个第二显示模组202发出的成像光透射入第五光学元件5内的第四出光面S52。第四出光面S52被配置为:将经过第四出光面S52的成像光透射至第二光学元件2的第四入光面S22。这样可以对第二个第二显示模组202的出光进行调制,使其更好的进入第二光学元件2中。
在一些示例中,如图9所示,第七入光面S51和第四出光面S52中的任意一者或任意两者为自由曲面。示例性的,第五光学元件5包括第五自由曲 面棱镜15,第七入光面S51和第四出光面S52为第五自由曲面棱镜15上的两个表面。示例性的,第七入光面S51一侧还可以设置一过渡面,使得该过渡面的相对两端可以分别与第七入光面S51和第四出光面S52连接。通过自由曲面的设置,可以对经过该自由曲面的光线形成良好的调制,从而提高到达第一光学元件1的第二入光面S12的成像光的比例,最终增强3D显示效果。该自由曲面的设计原理可参见前面的描述,此处不再赘述。
示例性的,第四出光面S52与第四入光面S22之间例如可以接触设置,这样可以减小光学组件整体占用的空间。
本公开一些实施例提供一种显示装置20,如图10所示,该显示装置20包括上述任一实施例的光学系统10。
显示装置20例如可以是AR眼镜、VR眼镜等任何具有三维显示功能的设备,本公开不对显示装置20的具体用途做特殊限制。
本公开一些实施例提供的显示装置20所能实现的有益效果,与上述光学系统10所能达到的有益效果相同,在此不做赘述。
以上所述,仅为本公开的具体实施方式,但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本公开揭露的技术范围内,想到变化或替换,都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。因此,本公开的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。
Claims (15)
- 一种光学系统,包括:至少一个第一显示模组和至少一个第二显示模组;第一光学元件,包括第一入光面、第二入光面和观看面,所述第一入光面同时位于所有所述第一显示模组的出光路径上,所述第二入光面同时位于所有所述第二显示模组的出光路径上;其中,所述第一入光面被配置为:将所有所述第一显示模组发出的成像光透射入所述第一光学元件内以折射向所述第二入光面;所述第二入光面被配置为:将所有所述第二显示模组发出的成像光透射入所述第一光学元件内以折射向所述观看面;以及,将经过所述第一入光面透射进入所述第一光学元件内的成像光反射至所述观看面;所述观看面被配置为:使各个显示模组发出的成像光透射至人眼,以在所述观看面背离人眼的一侧形成位于不同焦面上的虚像。
- 根据权利要求1所述的光学系统,其中,所述第一入光面、所述第二入光面和所述观看面中的至少一者为自由曲面。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的光学系统,其中,所述第一光学元件包括第一自由曲面棱镜,所述第一入光面、所述第二入光面和所述观看面为所述第一自由曲面棱镜上的三个表面。
- 根据权利要求1~3中任一项所述的光学系统,还包括:第二光学元件,包括第三入光面和第一出光面,所述第三入光面位于第一个所述第二显示模组的出光路径上,所述第一出光面与所述第一光学元件的第二入光面相对设置;所述第三入光面被配置为将所述第一个所述第二显示模组发出的成像光透射入所述第二光学元件内以直接或间接地射向所述第一出光面;所述第一出光面被配置为:将所述第二光学元件内射向所述第一出光面的成像光透射至所述第一光学元件的第二入光面。
- 根据权利要求4所述的光学系统,其中,所述第二光学元件还包括第四入光面;所述第四入光面被配置为:将经过所述第三入光面透射进入所述第二光学元件内的成像光反射至所述第一出光面。
- 根据权利要求5所述的光学系统,其中,所述第三入光面、所述第四入光面和所述第一出光面中的至少一者为自由曲面。
- 根据权利要求5或6所述的光学系统,其中,所述第二光学元件包括第二自由曲面棱镜,所述第三入光面、所述第四入光面和所述第一出光面为 所述第二自由曲面棱镜上的三个表面。
- 根据权利要求4~7中任一项所述的光学系统,还包括:第三光学元件,所述第三光学元件位于第一个所述第一显示模组与所述第一光学元件的第一入光面之间的光路径上;所述第三光学元件包括:第五入光面、第一调光面以及第二出光面;所述第五入光面被配置为:将所述第一个所述第一显示模组发出的成像光透射入所述第三光学元件内;所述第一调光面被配置为:将经过所述第五入光面透射入所述第三光学元件内的成像光反射至所述第二出光面;所述第二出光面被配置为:将经过所述第一调光面反射的成像光透射至所述第一光学元件的第一入光面;和/或,第四光学元件,所述第四光学元件位于所述第一个所述第二显示模组与所述第二光学元件的第三入光面之间的光路径上;所述第四光学元件包括:第六入光面、第二调光面以及第三出光面;其中,所述第六入光面被配置为:将所述第一个所述第二显示模组发出的成像光透射入所述第四光学元件内;所述第二调光面被配置为:将经过所述第六入光面透射入所述第四光学元件内的成像光反射至所述第三出光面;所述第三出光面被配置为:将经过所述第二调光面反射的成像光透射至所述第一光学元件的第二入光面。
- 根据权利要求8所述的光学系统,其中:所述第一调光面按照以下至少一种方式设置:所述第一调光面的全反射角小于射向所述第一调光面的成像光的入射角;或者,所述第一调光面为反射镜面;所述第二调光面按照以下至少一种方式设置:所述第二调光面的全反射角小于射向所述第二调光面的成像光的入射角;或者,所述第二调光面为反射镜面。
- 根据权利要求4~9中任一项所述的光学系统,其中,所述第二光学元件的第一出光面与所述第一光学元件的第二入光面相接触;或者,所述第二光学元件的第一出光面与所述第一光学元件的第二入光面之间具有间隙。
- 根据权利要求4~10中任一项所述的光学系统,还包括:至少一个第一偏振组件,一个所述第一偏振组件位于一个所述第一显示模组的出光侧,所述第一偏振组件被配置为将所述第一显示模组发出的成像光调制为呈第一偏振态的成像光;至少一个第二偏振组件,一个所述第二偏振组件位于一个所述第二显示模组的出光侧,所述第二偏振组件被配置为将所述第二显示模组发出的成像光调制为呈第二偏振态的成像光;偏振分光器件,位于所述第一光学元件的第二入光面与所述第二光学元件的第一出光面之间,所述偏振分光器件被配置为:反射所述呈第一偏振态的成像光,且透射所述呈第二偏振态的成像光。
- 根据权利要求4~11中任一项所述的光学系统,其中,所述第二入光面的反射率与透射率之间的比为N:1,所述第一显示模组的显示亮度与所述第二显示模组的显示亮度之间的比为1:N,其中,N大于0。
- 根据权利要求4~12中任一项所述的光学系统,其中,所述第二光学元件还包括第四入光面;所述光学系统还包括:第五光学元件,位于第二个所述第二显示模组与所述第二光学元件的第四入光面之间的光路径上;所述第五光学元件包括:第七入光面和第四出光面;其中,所述第七入光面被配置为:将所述第二个所述第二显示模组发出的成像光透射入所述第五光学元件内;所述第四出光面被配置为:将经所述第七入光面透射的成像光透射至所述第二光学元件的第四入光面;其中,所述第四入光面被配置为:将经所述第四出光面透射出的成像光透射入所述第二光学元件内以折射向所述第一出光面。
- 根据权利要求1~13中任一项所述的光学系统,其中,所述至少一个第一显示模组和所述至少一个第二显示模组中的各个显示模组的成像光到达所述观看面的光程不同。
- 一种显示装置,包括:如权利要求1~14中任一项所述的光学系统。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US17/607,778 US20220397750A1 (en) | 2020-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | Optical system and display apparatus |
PCT/CN2020/139191 WO2022133968A1 (zh) | 2020-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | 光学系统及显示装置 |
CN202080003654.3A CN115053165B (zh) | 2020-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | 光学系统及显示装置 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CN2020/139191 WO2022133968A1 (zh) | 2020-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | 光学系统及显示装置 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2022133968A1 true WO2022133968A1 (zh) | 2022-06-30 |
Family
ID=82158592
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CN2020/139191 WO2022133968A1 (zh) | 2020-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | 光学系统及显示装置 |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20220397750A1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN115053165B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2022133968A1 (zh) |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102402005A (zh) * | 2011-12-06 | 2012-04-04 | 北京理工大学 | 自由曲面双焦面单目立体头盔显示器装置 |
CN102782562A (zh) * | 2010-04-30 | 2012-11-14 | 北京理工大学 | 宽视场高分辨率拼接式头盔显示装置 |
CN108957750A (zh) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-12-07 | 歌尔科技有限公司 | 光学系统、头戴显示设备及智能眼镜 |
CN110426853A (zh) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-11-08 | 华为技术有限公司 | 镜片和头戴式显示装置 |
JP2020012985A (ja) * | 2018-07-18 | 2020-01-23 | 日本精機株式会社 | 表示装置 |
US20200096766A1 (en) * | 2006-10-13 | 2020-03-26 | Apple Inc. | Peripheral treatment for head-mounted displays |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001166252A (ja) * | 1999-12-03 | 2001-06-22 | Sony Corp | 画像表示装置 |
JP2002228971A (ja) * | 2001-02-05 | 2002-08-14 | Mixed Reality Systems Laboratory Inc | 画像表示装置 |
US10859834B2 (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2020-12-08 | Holovisions | Space-efficient optical structures for wide field-of-view augmented reality (AR) eyewear |
CN208384244U (zh) * | 2018-06-27 | 2019-01-15 | 深圳惠牛科技有限公司 | 一种基于自由曲面棱镜的光学系统及显示装置 |
CN109188692A (zh) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-01-11 | 歌尔智能科技有限公司 | 光学系统及头戴显示设备 |
US10989927B2 (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2021-04-27 | Facebook Technologies, Llc | Image frame synchronization in a near eye display |
-
2020
- 2020-12-25 CN CN202080003654.3A patent/CN115053165B/zh active Active
- 2020-12-25 WO PCT/CN2020/139191 patent/WO2022133968A1/zh active Application Filing
- 2020-12-25 US US17/607,778 patent/US20220397750A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20200096766A1 (en) * | 2006-10-13 | 2020-03-26 | Apple Inc. | Peripheral treatment for head-mounted displays |
CN102782562A (zh) * | 2010-04-30 | 2012-11-14 | 北京理工大学 | 宽视场高分辨率拼接式头盔显示装置 |
CN102402005A (zh) * | 2011-12-06 | 2012-04-04 | 北京理工大学 | 自由曲面双焦面单目立体头盔显示器装置 |
CN108957750A (zh) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-12-07 | 歌尔科技有限公司 | 光学系统、头戴显示设备及智能眼镜 |
JP2020012985A (ja) * | 2018-07-18 | 2020-01-23 | 日本精機株式会社 | 表示装置 |
CN110426853A (zh) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-11-08 | 华为技术有限公司 | 镜片和头戴式显示装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20220397750A1 (en) | 2022-12-15 |
CN115053165A (zh) | 2022-09-13 |
CN115053165B (zh) | 2023-11-10 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2019154430A1 (zh) | 穿戴式ar系统、ar显示设备及其投射源模组 | |
CN107870438B (zh) | 增强现实的装置、光引擎部件和方法 | |
US9274338B2 (en) | Increasing field of view of reflective waveguide | |
US10890776B1 (en) | Pancake lens ghosting mitigation | |
US10670805B2 (en) | Optical waveguide using overlapping optical elements coupling light beam | |
EP3686649A1 (en) | Prismatic ar display apparatus | |
TW201835639A (zh) | 光學系統 | |
JP2018502328A (ja) | 光結合を用いたヘッドマウント型画像装置 | |
US11054566B2 (en) | Display waveguide with a high-index layer | |
JP2013532297A (ja) | 埋め込み格子構造 | |
JP2010538313A (ja) | 広視野角を有する現実的画像表示装置 | |
CN105259605A (zh) | 光导结构和光学器件 | |
EP3650921B1 (en) | Optical transmitting module and head mounted display device | |
KR20160002690U (ko) | 헤드 장착형 디스플레이 기기 및 그 광학 렌즈 | |
WO2021139725A1 (zh) | 近眼显示装置 | |
CN209400804U (zh) | 增强现实光学模组及头戴式显示装置 | |
CN109188692A (zh) | 光学系统及头戴显示设备 | |
CN108732767A (zh) | 一种紧凑型自由曲面波导近眼显示光学装置 | |
CN107643559A (zh) | 基于反射式波导耦合器的光线传导和分离方法及装置 | |
US20230213772A1 (en) | Display systems with collection optics for disparity sensing detectors | |
CN210776034U (zh) | 短距离的光学系统 | |
WO2022133968A1 (zh) | 光学系统及显示装置 | |
WO2019024090A1 (zh) | 光学成像系统和头戴设备 | |
WO2021068855A1 (zh) | 一种显示设备模组及头戴式显示设备 | |
US20180011323A1 (en) | Wearable Display Device |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 20966535 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
32PN | Ep: public notification in the ep bulletin as address of the adressee cannot be established |
Free format text: NOTING OF LOSS OF RIGHTS PURSUANT TO RULE 112(1) EPC (EPO FORM 1205A DATED 23.10.2023) |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 20966535 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |