WO2022128351A1 - Gasfördereinheit, system aus einer gasfördereinheit und einer wasserabscheidevorrichtung und brennstoffzellensystem - Google Patents
Gasfördereinheit, system aus einer gasfördereinheit und einer wasserabscheidevorrichtung und brennstoffzellensystem Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022128351A1 WO2022128351A1 PCT/EP2021/082508 EP2021082508W WO2022128351A1 WO 2022128351 A1 WO2022128351 A1 WO 2022128351A1 EP 2021082508 W EP2021082508 W EP 2021082508W WO 2022128351 A1 WO2022128351 A1 WO 2022128351A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- delivery unit
- gas delivery
- gas
- anode
- flow
- Prior art date
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 176
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 244
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 77
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037427 ion transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
- H01M8/04164—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal by condensers, gas-liquid separators or filters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04291—Arrangements for managing water in solid electrolyte fuel cell systems
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- Gas delivery unit system consisting of a gas delivery unit and a water separator and fuel cell system
- Fuel cells represent electrochemical energy converters in which process gases, often hydrogen and oxygen, for example from the compressed ambient air, are converted into water, electrical energy and heat.
- the process gases and coolant are fed into the fuel cell via a media supply.
- the fuel cell typically comprises two electrodes, an anode and a cathode, which are separated from one another by means of an electrolyte, for example a membrane.
- the electrolyte provides the ion transport between the anode and the cathode.
- Such fuel cells are known, for example, as polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells.
- PEM polymer electrolyte membrane
- a cathode-side monopolar plate of a fuel cell comes to rest with an anode-side monopolar plate of a fuel cell that comes next to it.
- Two monopolar plates between two nearest fuel cells together form a bipolar plate.
- the bipolar plates typically have channels for a coolant and for the process gases.
- the individual fuel cells are typically arranged next to one another in the manner of a sandwich.
- the fuel cell stack is delimited on both sides by two end plates.
- the electrical voltage generated can be increased by means of a fuel cell stack.
- the media supply has an anode supply and a cathode supply.
- the anode supply includes an anode supply line for supplying anode gas to the fuel cell, an anode off-gas line for discharging anode off-gas from the fuel cell, and a recirculation line for recirculating anode off-gas.
- anode supply line for supplying anode gas to the fuel cell
- anode off-gas line for discharging anode off-gas from the fuel cell
- a recirculation line for recirculating anode off-gas.
- hydrogen that has not been consumed and that has been discharged from the fuel cell system can be fed back into the fuel cell system as anode gas.
- gas conveying units are preferably used in order to supply the anode exhaust gas, which is still rich in hydrogen, to the anode again with fresh anode gas, in particular hydrogen.
- the cathode supply has in particular a cathode supply line for supplying cathode gas to the fuel cell and a cathode exhaust line for discharging cathode
- product liquid water that is produced reaches the anode sides of the fuel cells and ultimately accumulates in the anode supply, in particular in the anode exhaust gas line and in particular in the gas delivery unit.
- the liquid product water can lead to damage to the gas delivery unit arranged in the recirculation line and to blocking of flow paths.
- a supply of anode waste gas without liquid water components is therefore to be regarded as optimal.
- the water separation device is coupled to the gas delivery unit.
- liquid water which has been separated from the anode waste gas is briefly temporarily stored in a collection container of the water separating device.
- the collected liquid water can be drained from the collection tank via a controllable valve for flow control.
- Anode waste gas can thus be provided for the gas delivery unit by means of the water separation device which is ideally completely separated from the amount of liquid water.
- DE 10 2017 222 390 A1 discloses a delivery device for a fuel cell system for delivering and/or recirculating a gaseous medium, in particular hydrogen, with a recirculation fan, with a water separator, with a pump driven by a drive jet of a pressurized gaseous medium Jet pump and with a metering valve.
- liquid components or a quantity of liquid water can nevertheless leave the system.
- Liquid water can also be discharged from the water separation device if it overflows. In other words, it can happen that the collected, separated liquid water can enter the downstream components, such as the gas conveying unit, directly. Furthermore, the waste heat losses of the anode waste gas can lead to water condensing out and thus to the further production of liquid water.
- filling level sensors within the water separating device, with which it is determined when a critical filling level of the collection container has been reached and the valve for draining the liquid water can be opened.
- the measurement of the filling level sensors can be falsified by water condensing out through waste heat losses of the anode exhaust gas, for example in the form of drops on the inner wall of the collecting container.
- the present invention relates to a gas delivery unit for a fuel cell system according to the features of claim 1 and a system made up of a gas delivery unit and a water separator according to the features of claim 8 and a fuel cell system according to the features of claim 10.
- the present invention shows a gas delivery unit for delivery of anode exhaust gas from a fuel cell system, wherein the gas delivery unit has a first flow inlet for the inlet of anode exhaust gas into the gas delivery unit and a flow outlet for the outlet of anode exhaust gas from the gas delivery unit, the first flow inlet having a first flow outlet a water separation device can be connected in fluid communication, with a sensor device for determining a characteristic variable of the gas conveyor unit being provided, with the sensor device being assigned to the gas conveyor unit, with the gas conveyor unit comprising a control device which is configured to use sensor signals from the sensor device to determine the characteristic variable of the gas conveyor unit evaluate a target-actual value comparison and based on the determined characteristic variable of the gas delivery unit a level height of the water separator to determine the device.
- the gas delivery unit can be fluidly connected to the water separating device such that anode exhaust gas from the water separating device is routed from the first flow outlet of the water separating device into the gas delivery unit via the first flow inlet of the gas delivery unit.
- the water separation device By means of the water separation device, the amount of liquid water in the Anode exhaust gas are reduced, so that the efficiency of the gas delivery unit is not affected by liquid water in the anode exhaust gas.
- the sensor device is preferably assigned to the gas delivery unit, or is connected to the gas delivery unit for data communication.
- the sensor device can preferably be arranged in the gas delivery unit or externally.
- the sensor device can measure data relating to the characteristic variable of the gas delivery unit and forward this data to the control device as sensor signals.
- the control device is connected to the sensor device in particular for data communication.
- the control device is configured to receive and evaluate the sensor signals from the sensor device.
- the sensor signals are preferably evaluated by means of a setpoint/actual value comparison.
- the sensor signals represent the actual value of the characteristic variable of the gas delivery unit.
- the control device is preferably assigned to the gas delivery unit, or is connected to the gas delivery unit for data communication. In this case, the control device can be arranged externally or integrated into the gas delivery unit.
- the gas delivery unit according to the invention can preferably be used in any type of fuel cell system, with the number and design of the individual components of the fuel cell system being variably adaptable.
- the gas delivery unit according to the invention can preferably be used for hydrogen-operated fuel cell systems.
- the gas delivery unit according to the invention can also be used for cathode exhaust gas or generally for process exhaust gas.
- the gas delivery unit according to the invention can also generally be used for the delivery of process gas, such as anode gas or cathode gas.
- the invention has the advantage that a reliable and precise detection of the fill level of the water separation device can be achieved by means of the characteristic size of the gas delivery unit.
- the fill level of the water separation device can preferably be inferred from the amount of liquid water in the anode waste gas. In this case, an erroneous determination of the fill level of the water separation device by means of fill level sensors be avoided within the water separation device due to water condensing out. Likewise, the costs can be reduced since the use of an additional filling level sensor within the water separating device is no longer necessary. Furthermore, the gas delivery unit can be efficiently protected against a harmful amount of liquid water, since the liquid water that has collected in the water separation device can be drained off in a targeted manner by precisely determining the filling level of the water separation device.
- Draining of collected liquid water in the water separation device can therefore advantageously take place at specific points in time and does not have to take place unnecessarily often or continuously. This increases the efficiency of a fuel cell system in which the gas delivery unit according to the invention is used, since when liquid water is drained from the water separating device it can otherwise happen that hydrogen is also drained and can no longer be available as anode gas.
- a further advantage of the gas delivery unit according to the invention is the reduction in the number of mechanical system interfaces, since no further system intervention has to take place, for example via an additional level sensor.
- the characteristic variable of the gas delivery unit is a temperature difference
- the sensor device comprising a first and a second temperature sensor, the first temperature sensor being arranged at the first flow inlet of the gas delivery unit and the second temperature sensor being arranged at the flow outlet of the gas delivery unit
- the control device is configured to determine the filling level of the water separation device based on the temperature difference between the first and second temperature sensors.
- the first temperature sensor is provided at the first flow inlet of the gas delivery unit and determines a first temperature of the anode waste gas which enters the gas delivery unit at the first flow inlet.
- the second temperature sensor is provided at the flow outlet of the gas delivery unit in order to determine a second temperature of the anode waste gas which emerges from the gas delivery unit at the flow outlet.
- the temperature difference denotes the difference between the first and the second temperature.
- the gas delivery unit transfers heat into the delivered anode exhaust gas, since the preferably electrically operated gas delivery unit generates waste heat during pumping. Part of this waste heat is transferred into the extracted anode waste gas by dissipation.
- the water separation device has, in particular, a maximum degree of separation, so that the anode waste gas can have a relative humidity of 100% at the first flow inlet into the gas delivery unit.
- the anode gas has a maximum amount of water vapor and it already carries with it the energy that was required to evaporate water.
- the anode waste gas enters the gas conveying unit in the first flow inlet, the anode waste gas in particular receives additional heat from the waste heat produced in the gas conveying unit, which is why the temperature of the anode waste gas rises.
- this temperature increase in the anode exhaust gas can be determined as a temperature difference between the first and second temperature sensors.
- the waste heat from the gas delivery unit is used to evaporate the liquid water in the anode exhaust gas within the gas delivery unit and the temperature of the anode exhaust gas cannot rise any further.
- the temperature difference between the first and second temperature sensors is equal to zero.
- a characterizing filling level of the water separation device can be determined depending on the design of the sensor device.
- the characteristic variable of the gas delivery unit is a speed of the gas delivery unit, wherein the sensor device is designed as a speed sensor integrated in the gas delivery unit, and wherein the control device is configured, based on a difference from a target speed of the gas delivery unit, the fill level of the Determine water separation device.
- the power of the gas delivery unit is proportional to the speed of the gas delivery unit. For structural reasons, however, the gas delivery unit can more easily achieve a desired set speed the less liquid water is present in the anode waste gas at the first flow inlet.
- the speed of the gas delivery unit drops while the power remains the same, the more liquid water is present in the anode exhaust gas.
- the speed of the gas conveying unit is inversely proportional to the amount of liquid water in the anode waste gas while the power remains the same.
- An actual speed of the gas delivery unit can be determined by means of the speed sensor and the control device can determine the filling level of the water separation device by means of the setpoint/actual value comparison between the actual speed and the setpoint speed via the difference to the setpoint speed. This can be determined here in particular via the amount of liquid water carried along in the anode exhaust gas, which can reduce the speed while the power remains the same.
- the characteristic variable of the gas delivery unit is a performance difference of the gas delivery unit, the sensor device being designed as a performance sensor integrated in the gas delivery unit, and the control device being configured based on a difference to a target performance of the gas delivery unit, the fill level of the water separation device. For example, a recurring power difference can also be monitored over time.
- the performance sensor of the gas delivery unit can determine or measure an actual performance of the gas delivery unit.
- a power without liquid water can be stored in the control device as a target power.
- the electrical power or power consumption of the gas delivery unit scales with the liquid water volume at a defined constant speed. Based on an increase in power consumption, i.e.
- the first flow inlet of the gas delivery unit can be connected directly to the first flow outlet of the water separation device in order to form a first flow path for anode waste gas from the water separation device into the gas delivery unit, with the first flow inlet of the gas delivery unit being arranged at the top of the gas delivery unit counter to the direction of gravity .
- the gas delivery unit and the water separation device are connected to one another in fluid communication at the highest possible point of the gas delivery unit and the water separation device.
- the second flow path is arranged below the first flow path.
- the second flow inlet of the gas delivery unit is arranged below the first flow inlet of the gas delivery unit.
- the second flow outlet of the water separation device is arranged below the first flow outlet of the water separation device.
- the second flow path illustratively represents a level bore.
- the gas delivery unit can suck in anode exhaust gas, in particular including liquid water within the anode exhaust gas, via the second flow path.
- liquid water can enter the gas delivery unit via the second flow path when the fill level of the water separation device is above the second flow path.
- this can be recognized by determining the characteristic variable of the gas delivery unit and the liquid water of the water separator can be drained off via the valve as required.
- a third temperature sensor can be provided at the second flow inlet of the gas delivery unit, with which an additional temperature of the anode exhaust gas that enters the gas delivery unit at the second flow inlet can be determined. The above-described determination of the characteristic variable of the gas delivery unit using the temperature difference can thus be further improved.
- the first flow path and the second flow path can form an acute angle, preferably between 10° and 80°.
- the second flow path is preferably designed in such a way that a minimum amount of liquid water can be sucked out of the water separation device. This has the particular advantage that the liquid water in the water separation device or the fill level of the water separation device can be reliably detected.
- the second flow path can also be designed in such a way that the flow of liquid water from the water separation device into the gas delivery unit is limited to a specified minimum value. Overall, the advantage can be achieved that by means of the second Flow path, the gas delivery unit can be efficiently protected from a critical amount of liquid water from the water separator. It should also be noted that any number of flow paths can be provided, for example a third flow path.
- the present invention shows a system comprising a gas delivery unit according to one of the preceding embodiments and a water separation device, wherein the water separation device has a collection container for collecting separated liquid water from an anode exhaust gas and a controllable valve for flow control of collected liquid water from the collection container, wherein the water separation device is coupled to the gas delivery unit in such a way that the first flow outlet of the water separation device is connected to the first flow inlet of the gas delivery unit.
- the system according to the invention comprising the gas delivery unit and the water separation device, therefore has the same features and advantages as the gas delivery unit according to the invention.
- valve for flow control can be controlled by means of the control device of the gas delivery unit as a function of the specific characteristic variable of the gas delivery unit.
- the water separating device can thus be emptied both when the maximum fill level is reached and depending on the operating point, as a result of which the gas delivery unit can be efficiently protected from liquid water.
- the present invention shows a fuel cell system comprising at least one fuel cell with an anode and a cathode, an electrolyte being arranged between the anode and the cathode, the fuel cell system also having a Anode supply having an anode supply line for supplying anode gas to the fuel cell, an anode off-gas line for discharging anode off-gas from the fuel cell and a recirculation line for recirculating anode off-gas, the anode supply having at least one system according to one of the preceding embodiments.
- the fuel cell system according to the invention thus includes the gas delivery unit according to the invention and the water separation device and therefore includes the same features and advantages as the gas delivery unit according to the invention.
- the fuel cell system can be used in a motor vehicle, such as a passenger car or a truck, to generate electrical energy for driving the motor vehicle, in particular for driving an electric drive motor of the motor vehicle.
- a motor vehicle such as a passenger car or a truck
- further system modules are required, such as, for example, a media supply module for supplying the fuel cell system in or on the vehicle.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of an exemplary embodiment of a system according to the invention made up of a gas delivery unit and a water separation device for a fuel cell system. Description of the embodiment
- Figure 1 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of a system 40 according to the invention from a gas delivery unit 10 for delivery of anode waste gas A and a water separator 20 for a fuel cell system, not shown.
- the system 40 can be arranged in a recirculation line (not shown) of an anode supply of the fuel cell system.
- the water separation device 20 has a collecting tank 23 for collecting separated liquid water FW from an anode waste gas A and a controllable valve (not shown) for flow control of collected liquid water FW from the collecting tank 23 .
- a flow inlet 21 for anode waste gas A of the fuel cell system is arranged on a ceiling area 26 of the collecting tank 23 of the water separation device 20 .
- Anode waste gas A can enter the collection container 23 or the water separation device 20 in the direction of the arrow via the flow inlet 21 .
- product liquid water that is formed reaches the anode sides of the fuel cells and eventually accumulates in the anode supply.
- the anode waste gas A which enters the water separation device 20 at the flow inlet 21, can carry liquid water components with it.
- the anode waste gas A flows in the direction of a side wall 24 of the collecting container 23 of the water separating device 20, on which a first flow outlet 22a is arranged.
- water W can be separated in the direction of a bottom region 25 of the collecting container 23 of the water separation device in the direction of gravity.
- liquid water FW collects in the bottom area 25 of the collection container 23 of the water separation device 25 . This can be discharged in particular through the controllable valve, not shown.
- Water separating device 20 has, for example, a second flow outlet 22b on side wall 24 of collecting container 23 .
- the second flow exit 22b is below the first flow exit 22a arranged.
- Anode waste gas A can emerge from the water separation device 20 from the first flow outlet 22a and the second flow outlet 22b.
- the first flow outlet 22a is arranged counter to the direction of gravity at the top of the side wall 24 in the top area 26 of the collecting container 23 of the water separation device 20 .
- the water separation device 20 is connected to the gas delivery unit 10 .
- the gas conveying unit 10 has, for example, a top area 15 , a bottom area 14 and a side wall 13 , with the side wall 13 facing the side wall 24 of the water separation device 20 .
- a first flow inlet 11a and a second flow inlet 11b are arranged on the side wall 13 of the gas delivery unit 10 .
- the second flow inlet 11b is arranged below the first flow inlet 11a.
- the first flow inlet 11a is arranged at the top of the side wall 13 counter to the direction of gravity.
- the water separating device 20 is coupled to the gas delivery unit 10 in such a way that the first flow outlet 22a of the water separating device 20 is directly fluid-communicatingly connected to the first flow inlet 11a of the gas delivery unit 10 .
- the first flow inlet 11a and the first flow outlet 22a are arranged at the same height on the associated side wall 13, 24 in each case.
- the second flow outlet 22b of the water separation device 20 is connected to the second flow inlet 11b of the gas delivery unit 10 in a fluid-communicating manner.
- a first flow path 30 is formed by connecting the first flow inlet 11a of the gas delivery unit 10 to the first flow outlet 22a of the water separation device 20 .
- anode waste gas A flows from the water separation device 20 into the gas delivery unit 10.
- a second flow path 31 is formed.
- anode waste gas A flows from the water separation device 20 into the gas conveying unit 10.
- the anode gas A is directed in the direction of a flow outlet 12 of the gas delivery unit 10, for example in the bottom region 14 of the gas delivery unit 10.
- the anode waste gas A emerges from the flow outlet 12 from the gas delivery unit 10 .
- the second flow path 31 illustratively represents a level bore.
- the gas delivery unit 10 can draw in anode waste gas A, in particular including liquid water FW within the anode waste gas A, via the second flow path 31 .
- liquid water FW can enter the gas delivery unit 10 via the second flow path 31 when the fill level of the water separation device 20 is above the second flow path 31 .
- the second flow path 31 is inclined in relation to the first flow path 30 in such a way that a flow of liquid water FW from the water separation device 20 into the gas delivery unit 10 is limited.
- the first flow path 30 and the second flow path 31 form an acute angle.
- a distance between the first flow outlet 22a and the second flow outlet 22b on the side wall 24 of the collecting container 23 of the water separation device 20 is greater than a distance between the first flow inlet 11a and the second flow inlet 11b on the side wall 13 of the gas delivery unit 10.
- a sensor device for determining a characteristic variable of the gas delivery unit 10 is assigned to the gas delivery unit 10 or is connected to the gas delivery unit 10 for data communication.
- the gas delivery unit 10 also includes a control device, not shown, which is configured to evaluate sensor signals from the sensor device to determine the characteristic variable of the gas delivery unit 10 by means of a target/actual value comparison and, based on the determined characteristic variable of the gas conveyor unit 10, a fill level of the water separation device 20 to determine.
- the sensor device can measure data relating to the characteristic variable of the gas delivery unit 10 and forward this data to the control device as sensor signals.
- the control device is connected to the sensor device in particular for data communication.
- the control device is configured to receive and evaluate the sensor signals from the sensor device.
- the sensor signals are preferably evaluated by means of a setpoint/actual value comparison.
- the control device is preferably assigned to the gas delivery unit 10 or connected to the gas delivery unit 10 for data communication.
- the characteristic variable of the gas delivery unit 10 is formed as a temperature difference, with the sensor device comprising a first and a second temperature sensor, with the first temperature sensor being arranged at the first flow inlet 11a of the gas delivery unit 10 and with the second temperature sensor being arranged at the flow outlet 12 of the gas delivery unit 10 is arranged, and wherein the control device is configured to determine the filling level of the water separating device 20 based on the temperature difference between the first and second temperature sensors.
- the first temperature sensor is provided at the first flow inlet 11a of the gas delivery unit 10 and determines a first temperature of the anode exhaust gas A, which enters the gas delivery unit 10 at the first flow inlet 11a.
- the second temperature sensor is provided at the flow outlet 12 of the gas delivery unit 10 in order to determine a second temperature of the anode waste gas A, which exits from the gas delivery unit 10 at the flow outlet 12 .
- the temperature difference denotes the difference between the first and the second temperature.
- a third temperature sensor can be provided at the second flow inlet of the gas delivery unit, with which an additional temperature of the anode exhaust gas that enters the gas delivery unit at the second flow inlet can be determined.
- the above-described determination of the characteristic variable of the gas delivery unit using the temperature difference can thus be further improved.
- the waste heat from the gas delivery unit 10 is used to evaporate the liquid water FW of the anode waste gas A within the gas delivery unit 10 and the temperature of the anode waste gas A cannot rise any further.
- the temperature difference between the first and second temperature sensors is equal to zero.
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- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202180085338.XA CN116669831A (zh) | 2020-12-16 | 2021-11-22 | 气体输送单元、由气体输送单元和水分离装置组成的系统以及燃料电池系统 |
US18/256,252 US20240021850A1 (en) | 2020-12-16 | 2021-11-22 | Gas conveying unit, system consisting of a gas conveying unit and a water separating device, and fuel cell system |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102020215983.1A DE102020215983A1 (de) | 2020-12-16 | 2020-12-16 | Gasfördereinheit, System aus einer Gasfördereinheit und einer Wasserabscheidevorrichtung und Brennstoffzellensystem |
DE102020215983.1 | 2020-12-16 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2022128351A1 true WO2022128351A1 (de) | 2022-06-23 |
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PCT/EP2021/082508 WO2022128351A1 (de) | 2020-12-16 | 2021-11-22 | Gasfördereinheit, system aus einer gasfördereinheit und einer wasserabscheidevorrichtung und brennstoffzellensystem |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20240021850A1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN116669831A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102020215983A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2022128351A1 (de) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2010080434A (ja) * | 2008-08-26 | 2010-04-08 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
US20100227238A1 (en) * | 2006-10-19 | 2010-09-09 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell system and water discharge control method for the system |
US9692066B2 (en) * | 2012-01-24 | 2017-06-27 | Daimler Ag | Device for discharging liquid |
DE102017222390A1 (de) | 2017-12-11 | 2019-06-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fördereinrichtung für eine Brennstoffzellenanordnung zum Fördern und/oder Rezirkulieren von einem gasförmigen Medium |
Family Cites Families (1)
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DE102017202526B4 (de) | 2017-02-16 | 2019-02-07 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Ablassen von Flüssigkeit aus einem Anodensubsystem sowie Brennstoffzellensystem |
-
2020
- 2020-12-16 DE DE102020215983.1A patent/DE102020215983A1/de active Pending
-
2021
- 2021-11-22 WO PCT/EP2021/082508 patent/WO2022128351A1/de active Application Filing
- 2021-11-22 CN CN202180085338.XA patent/CN116669831A/zh active Pending
- 2021-11-22 US US18/256,252 patent/US20240021850A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20100227238A1 (en) * | 2006-10-19 | 2010-09-09 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell system and water discharge control method for the system |
JP2010080434A (ja) * | 2008-08-26 | 2010-04-08 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
US9692066B2 (en) * | 2012-01-24 | 2017-06-27 | Daimler Ag | Device for discharging liquid |
DE102017222390A1 (de) | 2017-12-11 | 2019-06-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fördereinrichtung für eine Brennstoffzellenanordnung zum Fördern und/oder Rezirkulieren von einem gasförmigen Medium |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20240021850A1 (en) | 2024-01-18 |
CN116669831A (zh) | 2023-08-29 |
DE102020215983A1 (de) | 2022-06-23 |
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