WO2022127520A1 - 直角行星齿轮减速机 - Google Patents

直角行星齿轮减速机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022127520A1
WO2022127520A1 PCT/CN2021/131973 CN2021131973W WO2022127520A1 WO 2022127520 A1 WO2022127520 A1 WO 2022127520A1 CN 2021131973 W CN2021131973 W CN 2021131973W WO 2022127520 A1 WO2022127520 A1 WO 2022127520A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shaft
casing
ring
bearing
wall
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Application number
PCT/CN2021/131973
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
姚文龙
江建斌
Original Assignee
浙江三凯机电有限公司
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Publication of WO2022127520A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022127520A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/021—Shaft support structures, e.g. partition walls, bearing eyes, casing walls or covers with bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/028—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein characterised by means for reducing vibration or noise
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/029—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein characterised by means for sealing the gearboxes, e.g. to improve airtightness
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/08—General details of gearing of gearings with members having orbital motion

Definitions

  • the utility model belongs to the technical field of machinery, and relates to a reducer, in particular to a right-angle planetary gear reducer.
  • Planetary reducer is a versatile industrial product that can reduce the speed of the motor while increasing the output torque. Planetary reducers can be used as supporting components in lifting, excavation, transportation, construction and other industries.
  • the existing planetary reducer such as a right-angle planetary reducer with two speed ratios and two directions of output disclosed in the Chinese patent library (application number: 2019208832907), includes an output shaft A, an input shaft, an output shaft B, an intermediate shaft, an output shaft, and an output shaft.
  • the bearing is arranged on the shaft body of the input shaft, and the end of the input shaft (the end connected to the input bevel gear) is in a suspended state.
  • the input torque is too large, the input shaft will vibrate to a certain extent, affecting the smooth transmission. sex and precision.
  • This utility model is to solve the above-mentioned problems in the existing technology, and propose a right-angle planetary gear reducer, and the technical problem solved is how to improve the running stability.
  • a right-angle planetary gear reducer including a casing, an input shaft vertically arranged in the casing, and a uniform horizontally arranged in the casing.
  • the output shaft and the sun gear shaft in the casing, the sun gear shaft is located between the output shaft and the input shaft, the left end of the sun gear shaft is connected with the output shaft through the planetary gear mechanism, the right end of the sun gear shaft is provided with a bevel gear 1, and the upper end of the input shaft is provided with
  • the second bevel gear meshing with the first bevel gear is characterized in that the lower end of the input shaft is rotatably connected to the casing through a double row angular contact ball bearing; a convex shaft is integrally formed on the top wall of the input shaft, and a convex ring is integrally formed on the inner wall of the casing.
  • the ring, the convex shaft and the input shaft are coaxial, the convex shaft is located in the convex ring, a first bearing is arranged between the convex shaft and the convex ring, and the inner ring and the outer ring of the first bearing are respectively fixed with the convex shaft and the convex ring.
  • the second bevel gear is located between the first bearing and the double row angular contact ball bearing.
  • a protruding shaft that is rotatably matched with the casing through the first bearing is arranged to better support the end of the input shaft close to the second bevel gear, and the double row angular contact ball bearing is used to support the shaft body of the input shaft to achieve The shaft body and end of the input shaft are double-supported to ensure the stable rotation of the input shaft to improve the transmission accuracy.
  • the above-mentioned outer casing includes a left casing and a right casing, both of which are cylindrical, the axis of the left casing is arranged horizontally, the output shaft and the sun gear shaft are both arranged in the left casing, and the input shaft is arranged in the left casing. It is arranged in the lower end of the right casing, the right end of the left casing and the upper end of the right casing are detachably connected by bolts, and a gasket coaxial with the output shaft is arranged between the left casing and the right casing, and the two ends of the gasket are respectively tightened.
  • the gasket is provided with a through hole for the bolt to pass through.
  • the gasket is clamped between the left casing and the right casing, so that in actual use, the installation distance of the bevel gear can be ensured by changing the thickness of the gasket to ensure the smoothness of its meshing, so as to further improve the running stability.
  • the right end of the left casing is integrally formed with an annular guide portion, and the guide portion is between the gasket and the sun gear shaft, the guide portion matches the inner hole of the upper end of the right casing, and the guide portion slides It is arranged in the upper end of the right casing, and a seal is formed between the outer wall of the guide portion and the inner wall of the right casing.
  • the guide portion can not only guide the installation of the left casing and the right casing, but also preliminarily position the gasket, so as to effectively improve the smoothness of the casing assembly.
  • the planetary gear mechanism includes a sun gear formed on the left end of the sun gear shaft, a ring gear formed on the inner wall of the left housing, and a planetary gear meshed between the ring gear and the sun gear. It is fixedly connected with the output shaft, the output shaft is rotatably connected with the left casing through the left bearing and the right bearing, and the planetary wheel is located between the left bearing and the right bearing to ensure the smoothness of the transmission.
  • the left port of the left casing is provided with a locking ring coaxial with the output shaft, the locking ring is sleeved outside the output shaft, and the outer wall of the locking ring and the left casing are sealed and fixed, and the lock ring
  • the inner wall of the tightening ring forms a seal between the oil seal and the output shaft; the right end of the locking ring is tightly pressed on the outer ring of the left bearing, and the output shaft has a shoulder for the right end of the inner ring of the left bearing to be pressed tightly; the right end of the output shaft and the inner ring of the left casing
  • the wall is respectively provided with an annular abutting surface 1 and an annular abutting surface 2 coaxial with the output shaft.
  • the locking ring set in the left port of the left casing is pressed tightly on the left bearing, so that the output shaft has a tendency to move to the right, so that the right bearing is always limited to the annular pressing surface 1 and the annular pressing surface 2, so as to effectively eliminate the
  • the axial movement clearance of the output shaft can avoid axial shaking during the transmission process, so as to improve the transmission stability and accuracy.
  • the outer wall of the above-mentioned locking ring is sealed and fixed to the left housing through a threaded structure, so that the locking ring can be moved to the right by rotating the locking ring, so that the locking ring can be pressed more closely on the left bearing. , the assembly is more convenient and easy.
  • the locking ring has axially arranged sockets, the sockets are blind holes, and the holes of the sockets are set to the left, and there are at least two sockets along the circumferential direction of the locking ring. cloth.
  • the socket is used to rotate the locking ring in cooperation with a tool, so in actual products, the length of the locking ring outside the casing can be effectively reduced, making the entire structure more compact.
  • the shape and size of the outer wall of the locking ring match the inner wall of the left port of the left casing, and the outer wall of the locking ring and the left casing are tightly fitted and fixed.
  • the sun gear shaft and the sun gear are integrally constructed, ensuring maximum torsional rigidity and zero backlash power transmission at high input speeds.
  • the right angle planetary gear reducer has the following advantages:
  • a protruding shaft that is rotatably matched with the casing through the first bearing is provided to better support the end of the input shaft close to the second bevel gear, and the double row angular contact ball bearing is used to support the shaft body of the input shaft. In order to realize the double support effect of the shaft body and the end of the input shaft, to ensure the stability of the rotation of the input shaft, and to improve the transmission accuracy.
  • the gasket is clamped between the left casing and the right casing, so that in actual use, the installation distance of the bevel gear can be guaranteed by changing the thickness of the gasket to ensure the smoothness of its meshing, so as to further improve the running stability.
  • the locking ring set in the left port of the left casing is tightly pressed on the left bearing, so that the output shaft has a tendency to move to the right, so that the right bearing is always limited to the annular pressing surface 1 and the annular pressing surface 2, so as to prevent the output shaft from moving to the right. Effectively eliminate the axial movement gap of the output shaft, avoid axial shaking during the transmission process, and improve the transmission stability and accuracy.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a right-angle planetary gear reducer.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at A in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at B in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at C in FIG. 1 .
  • housing; 1a left casing; 1a1, guide part; 1a2, gear ring; 1a3, annular pressing surface 2; 1b, right casing; 1b1, convex ring; 1c, bolt; 1d, gasket ;2, input shaft; 2a, convex shaft; 3, output shaft; 3a, annular pressing surface 1; 4, sun gear shaft; 4a, sun gear; 5, bevel gear 1; 6, bevel gear 2; 7, seal ring; 8, double row angular contact ball bearing; 9, planetary gear; 10, left bearing; 11, right bearing; 12, locking ring; 12a, socket; 13, oil seal; 14, first bearing.
  • the right-angle planetary gear reducer includes a casing 1 , an input shaft 2 vertically arranged in the casing 1 , an output shaft 3 and a sun gear shaft 4 evenly arranged in the casing 1 .
  • the sun gear shaft 4 and the output shaft 3 are coaxially arranged, and the sun gear shaft 4 is located between the output shaft 3 and the input shaft 2 .
  • the left end of the sun gear shaft 4 is connected with the output shaft 3 through a planetary gear mechanism, the right end of the sun gear shaft 4 is provided with a bevel gear 1 5, the upper end of the input shaft 2 is provided with a bevel gear 2 6 matching the bevel gear 1 5, and the bevel gear 1 5 It meshes with the bevel gear II 6.
  • the structure of the shell 1 is as follows:
  • the housing 1 includes a left housing 1 a and a right housing 1 b which are both cylindrical, and the axis of the left housing 1 a is arranged horizontally.
  • the output shaft 3 and the sun gear shaft 4 are both arranged in the left casing 1a, and the middle of the sun gear shaft 4 is rotatably connected to the left casing 1a through a bearing;
  • the input shaft 2 is arranged at the lower end of the right casing 1b Inside; the right end of the left casing 1a and the upper end of the right casing 1b are detachably connected by bolts 1c, a gasket 1d coaxial with the output shaft 3 is arranged between the left casing 1a and the right casing 1b, and the two ends of the gasket 1d are They are respectively pressed against the end faces of the left casing 1a and the right casing 1b, and the gasket 1d is provided with a through hole for the bolt 1c to pass through.
  • the gasket 1d is clamped between the left casing 1a and the right casing 1b, so that in actual use, the thickness of the gasket 1d can be changed to ensure the installation distance of the bevel gear to ensure the smoothness of its meshing, so as to further improve the smooth operation.
  • sex there are at least two bolts 1c distributed along the circumferential direction of the left housing 1a, the number of through holes is the same as that of the bolts 1c, and the positions are in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the right end of the left housing 1a is integrally formed with an annular guide portion 1a1, and the guide portion 1a1 is between the gasket 1d and the sun gear shaft 4, the guide portion 1a1 matches the inner hole of the upper end of the right housing 1b, and the guide portion 1a1 It is slidably arranged in the upper end of the right casing 1b, and a seal is formed between the outer wall of the guide portion 1a1 and the inner wall of the right casing 1b.
  • the guide portion 1a1 can not only guide the installation of the left casing 1a and the right casing 1b, but also perform preliminary positioning of the gasket 1d, so as to effectively improve the smoothness of the assembly of the casing 1 .
  • the sealing method between the guide portion 1a1 and the right housing 1b is as follows: an annular groove is formed on the outer side wall of the guide portion 1a1, the annular groove and the guide portion 1a1 are coaxial, and a sealing ring 7 is arranged in the annular groove, And the outer side wall of the sealing ring 7 is in contact with the inner wall of the upper end of the right casing 1b, so that a reliable seal is formed between the guide portion 1a1 and the right casing 1b.
  • the installation method of input shaft 2 is as follows:
  • the lower end of the input shaft 2 is rotatably connected to the right casing 1b through a double row angular contact ball bearing 8; the top wall of the input shaft 2 is integrally formed with a convex shaft 2a, and the inner wall of the right casing 1b is integrally formed
  • a convex ring 1b1 the convex ring 1b1, the convex shaft 2a and the input shaft 2 are coaxial, the convex shaft 2a is located in the convex ring 1b1, a first bearing 14 is arranged between the convex shaft 2a and the convex ring 1b1, and the first bearing
  • the inner and outer rings of 14 are respectively fixed with the convex shaft 2a and the convex ring 1b1, and the second bevel gear 6 is located between the first bearing 14 and the double row angular contact ball bearing 8.
  • a convex shaft 2a that is rotatably matched with the casing 1 through the first bearing 14 is arranged to better support the end of the input shaft 2 close to the second bevel gear 6, and the double row angular contact ball bearing 8 is used to support the input shaft.
  • the support of 2 shaft bodies can realize the double support effect of the shaft body and the end of the input shaft 2, ensure the stability of the rotation of the input shaft 2, and improve the transmission accuracy.
  • the planetary gear mechanism is an existing structure, and its structure is as follows:
  • the planetary gear mechanism includes a sun gear 4a formed on the left end of the sun gear shaft 4, a ring gear 1a2 formed on the inner wall of the left housing 1a, and a planetary gear 9 meshed between the ring gear 1a2 and the sun gear 4a.
  • the planetary gear 9 and the output Axis 3 is fixed.
  • the sun gear shaft 4 and the sun gear 4a have an integrated structure to ensure maximum torsional rigidity and zero backlash power transmission at high input speed; there are three planetary gears 9 and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the output shaft 3; the planetary gears 9 It is connected with the input shaft 2 through a pin shaft, and the planetary gear 9 and the pin shaft are connected through a circle of needle rollers arranged between the two.
  • the installation method of output shaft 3 is as follows:
  • the output shaft 3 is rotatably connected to the left housing 1 a through the left bearing 10 and the right bearing 11 , and the planetary wheel 9 is located between the left bearing 10 and the right bearing 11 to ensure the smoothness of transmission.
  • a locking ring 12 coaxial with the output shaft 3 is arranged in the left port of the left casing 1a, the locking ring 12 is sleeved outside the output shaft 3, and the outer wall of the locking ring 12 is sealed with the left casing 1a.
  • the inner wall of the locking ring 12 forms a seal between the oil seal 13 and the output shaft 3.
  • the oil seal 13 is sleeved outside the output shaft 3, and the inner and outer walls of the oil seal 13 are respectively connected with the outer wall of the output shaft 3 and the locking ring.
  • the inner walls of 12 abut against each other; the right end of the locking ring 12 is pressed against the outer ring of the left bearing 10, and the output shaft 3 has a shoulder for pressing the right end of the inner ring of the left bearing 10; the right end of the output shaft 3 and the inner wall of the left housing 1a are respectively It has an annular abutting surface one 3a and a second annular abutting surface 1a3 coaxial with the output shaft 3, and the left end of the inner ring and the right end of the outer ring of the right bearing 11 are respectively pressed against the annular abutting surface one 3a and the annular abutting surface two 1a3 superior.
  • the locking ring 12 provided in the left port of the left housing 1a is pressed against the left bearing 10, so that the output shaft 3 has a tendency to move to the right, so that the right bearing 11 is always limited to the annular abutting surface 3a and the annular abutting surface. 2 1a3, in order to effectively eliminate the axial movement gap of the output shaft 3, avoid the axial shaking during the transmission process, and improve the transmission stability and accuracy.
  • the installation method of the locking ring 12 is as follows:
  • the outer wall of the locking ring 12 is sealed and fixed with the left housing 1a through a threaded structure, so that the locking ring 12 can be moved to the right by rotating the locking ring 12, so that the locking ring 12 can be pressed more tightly on the left bearing 10, and the assembly is more convenient and easy .
  • the locking ring 12 has an axially arranged insertion hole 12a, the insertion hole 12a is a blind hole, and the hole of the insertion hole 12a is set to the left, and there are at least two insertion holes 12a and are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the locking ring 12 .
  • the socket 12a is used to rotate the locking ring 12 in cooperation with a tool, so that in actual products, the length of the locking ring 12 outside the casing 1 can be effectively reduced, making the entire structure more compact.
  • the structure and principle of the second embodiment are basically the same as those of the first embodiment, except that the shape and size of the outer wall of the locking ring 12 match the inner wall of the left port of the left casing 1a, and the outer wall of the locking ring 12 and the left casing The body 1a is tightly fitted and fastened.

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Abstract

一种直角行星齿轮减速机包括：外壳（1）、竖直设于外壳内的输入轴（2）、以及均水平设于外壳内的输出轴（3）和太阳齿轮轴（4）。太阳齿轮轴位于输出轴和输入轴之间，太阳齿轮轴左端通过行星齿轮机构与输出轴连接，太阳齿轮轴右端设有锥齿轮一（5），输入轴上端设有与锥齿轮一啮合的锥齿轮二（6），输入轴下端通过双列角接触球轴承（8）与外壳转动连接，输入轴顶壁上成型有凸轴（2a），外壳内壁上成型有凸环（1b1），凸轴位于凸环内，凸轴和凸环之间设有第一轴承（14），第一轴承内圈和外圈分别与凸轴和凸环固连，锥齿轮二位于第一轴承和双列角接触球轴承之间。本直角行星齿轮减速机解决了现有的减速机运行不够平稳的问题。

Description

直角行星齿轮减速机 技术领域
 本实用新型属于机械技术领域，涉及一种减速机，特别是一种直角行星齿轮减速机。
 背景技术
 行星减速机是一种用途广泛的工业产品，可以降低电机的转速，同时增大输出转矩。行星减速机可作为配套部件用于起重、挖掘、运输、建筑等行业。
现有的行星减速机如中国专利库公开的一种具有两种速比和两方向输出的直角行星减速机（申请号：2019208832907）包括输出轴A、输入轴、输出轴B、中间轴、输出法兰A、中间法兰A、中间法兰B、后法兰、输出法兰B、一级齿圈、二级齿圈、行星架、直角体、输入伞齿轮、输出伞齿轮、一级太阳轮、二级太阳轮、一级行星轮和二级行星轮；输入轴通过轴承支撑在减速机外壳上。
上述的减速机中，轴承设置在输入轴的轴体上，输入轴的末端（连接输入伞齿轮的端部）处于悬空状态，当输入扭矩过大时，输入轴会产生一定抖动，影响传动平稳性和精度。
 技术问题
 本实用新型的目的是针对现有的技术存在上述问题，提出了一种直角行星齿轮减速机，解决的技术问题是如何提高运行平稳性。
 技术解决方案
 本实用新型的目的可通过下列技术方案来实现：直角行星齿轮减速机，包括外壳、竖直设于外壳内的输入轴以及均水平设于。外壳内的输出轴和太阳齿轮轴，太阳齿轮轴位于输出轴和输入轴之间，太阳齿轮轴左端通过行星齿轮机构与输出轴连接，太阳齿轮轴右端设有锥齿轮一，输入轴上端设有与锥齿轮一啮合的锥齿轮二，其特征在于，输入轴下端通过双列角接触球轴承与外壳转动连接；输入轴顶壁上一体成型有凸轴，外壳内壁上一体成型有凸环，凸环、凸轴和输入轴三者同轴，凸轴位于凸环内，凸轴和凸环之间设有第一轴承，且第一轴承的内圈和外圈分别与凸轴和凸环固连，锥齿轮二位于第一轴承和双列角接触球轴承之间。
在输入轴顶部设置通过第一轴承与外壳转动配合的凸轴，对输入轴靠近锥齿轮二的端部进行较好支撑，并利用双列角接触球轴承对输入轴轴体的支撑，以实现输入轴的轴体、端部双支撑效果，确保输入轴转动的平稳性，来提高传动精度。
在上述的直角行星齿轮减速机中，上述的外壳包括均呈筒形的左壳体和右壳体，左壳体轴线呈水平设置，输出轴和太阳齿轮轴均设置在左壳体内，输入轴设置在右壳体下端内，左壳体右端和右壳体上端通过螺栓可拆卸固连，左壳体和右壳体之间设有与输出轴同轴的垫片，垫片两端面分别紧压在左壳体和右壳体端面上，且垫片上设有供螺栓穿过的通孔。左壳体和右壳体之间夹紧垫片，这样在实际使用时，可通过改变垫片厚度来保证锥齿轮的安装距以保证其啮合的顺畅性，来进一步提高运行平稳性。
在上述的直角行星齿轮减速机中，左壳体右端一体成型有呈环形的导部，且导部在垫片和太阳齿轮轴之间，导部和右壳体上端内孔匹配，导部滑动设置在右壳体上端内，且导部外壁和右壳体内壁之间形成密封。导部既可对左壳体和右壳体的安装进行导向，又对垫片进行初步定位，以有效提高外壳组装的顺畅性。
在上述的直角行星齿轮减速机中，导部外侧壁上开设有环形槽，环形槽内设有密封圈，且密封圈的外侧壁与右壳体上端内壁相抵，使导部和右壳体之间形成可靠密封。在上述的直角行星齿轮减速机中，行星齿轮机构包括成型在太阳齿轮轴左端上的太阳轮、成型在左壳体内壁上的齿圈以及啮合在齿圈和太阳轮之间行星轮，行星轮和输出轴固连，输出轴通过左轴承和右轴承与左壳体转动连接，且行星轮处于左轴承和右轴承之间，以确保传动的平稳性。
在上述的直角行星齿轮减速机中，左壳体左端口内设有与输出轴同轴的锁紧环，锁紧环套在输出轴外，锁紧环外壁和左壳体密封固连，锁紧环内壁通过油封与输出轴之间形成密封；锁紧环右端紧压在左轴承外圈上，且输出轴上具有供左轴承内圈右端紧压的轴肩；输出轴右端和左壳体内壁上分别具有与输出轴同轴的环形抵压面一和环形抵压面二，右轴承的内圈左端和外圈右端分别紧压在环形抵压面一和环形抵压面二上。
设于左壳体左端口内的锁紧环紧压在左轴承上，使输出轴具有向右移动趋势，使右轴承始终限位在环形抵压面一和环形抵压面二上，以有效消除输出轴的轴向运动间隙，避免传动过程中出现轴向晃动，来提高传动平稳性和精度。
在上述的直角行星齿轮减速机中，上述的锁紧环外壁通过螺纹结构与左壳体密封固连，这样转动锁紧环可使其右移，促使锁紧环更紧密地压在左轴承上，组装更为便利、轻松。
在上述的直角行星齿轮减速机中，锁紧环上具有呈轴向设置的插孔，插孔为盲孔，且插孔孔口朝左设置，插孔至少有两个并沿锁紧环周向均布。插孔用于与工具配合来转动锁紧环，这样在实际产品中，可有效减少锁紧环在外壳外的长度，使整个结构较为紧凑。
作为另一种方案，在上述的直角行星齿轮减速机中，锁紧环外壁的形状和尺寸均与左壳体左端口内壁匹配，且锁紧环外壁和左壳体紧密配合固连。
在上述的直角行星齿轮减速机中，太阳齿轮轴和太阳轮为一体式结构，确保最大的扭转刚性及高输入转速下的零背隙动力传递。
 有益效果
与现有技术相比，本直角行星齿轮减速机具有以下优点：
1、在输入轴顶部设置通过第一轴承与外壳转动配合的凸轴，对输入轴靠近锥齿轮二的端部进行较好支撑，并利用双列角接触球轴承对输入轴轴体的支撑，以实现输入轴的轴体、端部双支撑效果，确保输入轴转动的平稳性，来提高传动精度。
2、左壳体和右壳体之间夹紧垫片，这样在实际使用时，可通过改变垫片厚度来保证锥齿轮的安装距以保证其啮合的顺畅性，来进一步提高运行平稳性。
3、设于左壳体左端口内的锁紧环紧压在左轴承上，使输出轴具有向右移动趋势，使右轴承始终限位在环形抵压面一和环形抵压面二上，以有效消除输出轴的轴向运动间隙，避免传动过程中出现轴向晃动，来提高传动平稳性和精度。
 附图说明
图1是直角行星齿轮减速机的结构示意图。
图2是图1中A处的放大结构示意图。
图3是图1中B处的放大结构示意图。
图4是图1中C处的放大结构示意图。
图中，1、外壳；1a、左壳体；1a1、导部；1a2、齿圈；1a3、环形抵压面二；1b、右壳体；1b1、凸环；1c、螺栓；1d、垫片；2、输入轴；2a、凸轴；3、输出轴；3a、环形抵压面一；4、太阳齿轮轴；4a、太阳轮；5、锥齿轮一；6、锥齿轮二；7、密封圈；8、双列角接触球轴承；9、行星轮；10、左轴承；11、右轴承；12、锁紧环；12a、插孔；13、油封；14、第一轴承。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
以下是本实用新型的具体实施例并结合附图，对本实用新型的技术方案作进一步的描述，但本实用新型并不限于这些实施例。
实施例一
如图1所示，本直角行星齿轮减速机包括外壳1、竖直设于外壳1内的输入轴2以及均水平设于外壳1内的输出轴3和太阳齿轮轴4。其中，太阳齿轮轴4和输出轴3同轴设置，且太阳齿轮轴4位于输出轴3和输入轴2之间。太阳齿轮轴4左端通过行星齿轮机构与输出轴3连接，太阳齿轮轴4右端设有锥齿轮一5，输入轴2上端设有与锥齿轮一5匹配的锥齿轮二6，且锥齿轮一5和锥齿轮二6啮合。
具体来说，
外壳1结构如下：
如图1和图3所示，外壳1包括均呈筒形的左壳体1a和右壳体1b，且左壳体1a轴线呈水平设置。如图1所示，输出轴3和太阳齿轮轴4均设置在左壳体1a内，且太阳齿轮轴4的中部通过轴承与左壳体1a转动连接；输入轴2设置在右壳体1b下端内；左壳体1a右端和右壳体1b上端通过螺栓1c可拆卸固连，左壳体1a和右壳体1b之间设有与输出轴3同轴的垫片1d，垫片1d两端面分别紧压在左壳体1a和右壳体1b端面上，且垫片1d上设有供螺栓1c穿过的通孔。左壳体1a和右壳体1b之间夹紧垫片1d，这样在实际使用时，可通过改变垫片1d厚度来保证锥齿轮的安装距以保证其啮合的顺畅性，来进一步提高运行平稳性。在本实施例中，螺栓1c至少有两根并沿左壳体1a周向分布，通孔数量和螺栓1c相同且位置一一对应。
进一步说明，左壳体1a右端一体成型有呈环形的导部1a1，且导部1a1在垫片1d和太阳齿轮轴4之间，导部1a1和右壳体1b上端内孔匹配，导部1a1滑动设置在右壳体1b上端内，且导部1a1外壁和右壳体1b内壁之间形成密封。导部1a1既可对左壳体1a和右壳体1b的安装进行导向，又对垫片1d进行初步定位，以有效提高外壳1组装的顺畅性。在本实施例中，导部1a1和右壳体1b之间的密封方式如下：导部1a1外侧壁上开设有环形槽，环形槽和导部1a1同轴，环形槽内设有密封圈7，且密封圈7的外侧壁与右壳体1b上端内壁相抵，使导部1a1和右壳体1b之间形成可靠密封。
输入轴2安装方式如下：
如图1和图2所示，输入轴2下端通过双列角接触球轴承8与右壳体1b转动连接；输入轴2顶壁上一体成型有凸轴2a，右壳体1b内壁上一体成型有凸环1b1，凸环1b1、凸轴2a和输入轴2三者同轴，凸轴2a位于凸环1b1内，凸轴2a和凸环1b1之间设有第一轴承14，且第一轴承14的内圈和外圈分别与凸轴2a和凸环1b1固连，锥齿轮二6位于第一轴承14和双列角接触球轴承8之间。在输入轴2顶部设置通过第一轴承14与外壳1转动配合的凸轴2a，对输入轴2靠近锥齿轮二6的端部进行较好支撑，并利用双列角接触球轴承8对输入轴2轴体的支撑，以实现输入轴2的轴体、端部双支撑效果，确保输入轴2转动的平稳性，来提高传动精度。
行星齿轮机构为现有结构，其结构如下：
行星齿轮机构包括成型在太阳齿轮轴4左端上的太阳轮4a、成型在左壳体1a内壁上的齿圈1a2以及啮合在齿圈1a2和太阳轮4a之间行星轮9，行星轮9和输出轴3固连。实际产品中，太阳齿轮轴4和太阳轮4a为一体式结构，确保最大的扭转刚性及高输入转速下的零背隙动力传递；行星轮9有三个并沿输出轴3周向均布；行星轮9通过销轴与输入轴2连接，且行星轮9和销轴通过设置在两者之间的一圈滚针连接。
输出轴3的安装方式如下：
如图1和图4所示，输出轴3通过左轴承10和右轴承11与左壳体1a转动连接，且行星轮9处于左轴承10和右轴承11之间，以确保传动的平稳性。如图1所示，左壳体1a左端口内设有与输出轴3同轴的锁紧环12，锁紧环12套在输出轴3外，锁紧环12外壁和左壳体1a密封固连，锁紧环12内壁通过油封13与输出轴3之间形成密封，此时，油封13套在输出轴3外，且油封13的内侧壁和外侧壁分别与输出轴3外壁和锁紧环12内壁相抵；锁紧环12右端紧压在左轴承10外圈上，且输出轴3上具有供左轴承10内圈右端紧压的轴肩；输出轴3右端和左壳体1a内壁上分别具有与输出轴3同轴的环形抵压面一3a和环形抵压面二1a3，右轴承11的内圈左端和外圈右端分别紧压在环形抵压面一3a和环形抵压面二1a3上。设于左壳体1a左端口内的锁紧环12紧压在左轴承10上，使输出轴3具有向右移动趋势，使右轴承11始终限位在环形抵压面一3a和环形抵压面二1a3上，以有效消除输出轴3的轴向运动间隙，避免传动过程中出现轴向晃动，来提高传动平稳性和精度。
锁紧环12的安装方式如下：
锁紧环12外壁通过螺纹结构与左壳体1a密封固连，这样转动锁紧环12可使其右移，促使锁紧环12更紧密地压在左轴承10上，组装更为便利、轻松。进一步说明，锁紧环12上具有呈轴向设置的插孔12a，插孔12a为盲孔，且插孔12a孔口朝左设置，插孔12a至少有两个并沿锁紧环12周向均布。插孔12a用于与工具配合来转动锁紧环12，这样在实际产品中，可有效减少锁紧环12在外壳1外的长度，使整个结构较为紧凑。
实施例二
本实施例二同实施例一的结构及原理基本相同，不一样的地方在于：锁紧环12外壁的形状和尺寸均与左壳体1a左端口内壁匹配，且锁紧环12外壁和左壳体1a紧密配合固连。
本文中所描述的具体实施例仅仅是对本实用新型精神作举例说明。本实用新型所属技术领域的技术人员可以对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代，但并不会偏离本实用新型的精神或者超越所附权利要求书所定义的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 直角行星齿轮减速机，包括外壳（1）、竖直设于外壳（1）内的输入轴（2）以及均水平设于外壳（1）内的输出轴（3）和太阳齿轮轴（4），太阳齿轮轴（4）位于输出轴（3）和输入轴（2）之间，太阳齿轮轴（4）左端通过行星齿轮机构与输出轴（3）连接，太阳齿轮轴（4）右端设有锥齿轮一（5），输入轴（2）上端设有与锥齿轮一（5）啮合的锥齿轮二（6），其特征在于，输入轴（2）下端通过双列角接触球轴承（8）与外壳（1）转动连接；输入轴（2）顶壁上一体成型有凸轴（2a），外壳（1）内壁上一体成型有凸环（1b1），凸环（1b1）、凸轴（2a）和输入轴（2）三者同轴，凸轴（2a）位于凸环（1b1）内，凸轴（2a）和凸环（1b1）之间设有第一轴承（14），且第一轴承（14）的内圈和外圈分别与凸轴（2a）和凸环（1b1）固连，锥齿轮二（6）位于第一轴承（14）和双列角接触球轴承（8）之间。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的直角行星齿轮减速机，其特征在于，上述的外壳（1）包括均呈筒形的左壳体（1a）和右壳体（1b），左壳体（1a）轴线呈水平设置，输出轴（3）和太阳齿轮轴（4）均设置在左壳体（1a）内，输入轴（2）设置在右壳体（1b）下端内，左壳体（1a）右端和右壳体（1b）上端通过螺栓（1c）可拆卸固连，左壳体（1a）和右壳体（1b）之间设有与输出轴（3）同轴的垫片（1d），垫片（1d）两端面分别紧压在左壳体（1a）和右壳体（1b）端面上，且垫片（1d）上设有供螺栓（1c）穿过的通孔。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的直角行星齿轮减速机，其特征在于，左壳体（1a）右端一体成型有呈环形的导部（1a1），且导部（1a1）在垫片（1d）和太阳齿轮轴（4）之间，导部（1a1）和右壳体（1b）上端内孔匹配，导部（1a1）滑动设置在右壳体（1b）上端内，且导部（1a1）外壁和右壳体（1b）内壁之间形成密封。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的直角行星齿轮减速机，其特征在于，导部（1a1）外侧壁上开设有环形槽，环形槽内设有密封圈（7），且密封圈（7）的外侧壁与右壳体（1b）上端内壁相抵。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的直角行星齿轮减速机，其特征在于，行星齿轮机构包括成型在太阳齿轮轴（4）左端上的太阳轮（4a）、成型在左壳体（1a）内壁上的齿圈（1a2）以及啮合在齿圈（1a2）和太阳轮（4a）之间行星轮（9），行星轮（9）和输出轴（3）固连，输出轴（3）通过左轴承（10）和右轴承（11）与左壳体（1a）转动连接，且行星轮（9）处于左轴承（10）和右轴承（11）之间。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的直角行星齿轮减速机，其特征在于，左壳体（1a）左端口内设有与输出轴（3）同轴的锁紧环（12），锁紧环（12）套在输出轴（3）外，锁紧环（12）外壁和左壳体（1a）密封固连，锁紧环（12）内壁通过油封（13）与输出轴（3）之间形成密封；锁紧环（12）右端紧压在左轴承（10）外圈上，且输出轴（3）上具有供左轴承（10）内圈右端紧压的轴肩；输出轴（3）右端和左壳体（1a）内壁上分别具有与输出轴（3）同轴的环形抵压面一（3a）和环形抵压面二（1a3），右轴承（11）的内圈左端和外圈右端分别紧压在环形抵压面一（3a）和环形抵压面二（1a3）。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的直角行星齿轮减速机，其特征在于，上述的锁紧环（12）外壁通过螺纹结构与左壳体（1a）密封固连。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的直角行星齿轮减速机，其特征在于，锁紧环（12）上具有呈轴向设置的插孔（12a），插孔（12a）为盲孔，且插孔（12a）孔口朝左设置，插孔（12a）至少有两个并沿锁紧环（12）周向均布。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的直角行星齿轮减速机，其特征在于，锁紧环（12）外壁的形状和尺寸均与左壳体（1a）左端口内壁匹配，且锁紧环（12）外壁和左壳体（1a）紧密配合固连。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的直角行星齿轮减速机，其特征在于，太阳齿轮轴（4）和太阳轮（4a）为一体式结构。
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CN214036795U (zh) * 2020-12-18 2021-08-24 浙江三凯机电有限公司 直角行星齿轮减速机

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