WO2022126670A1 - 一种通过热泵将高含盐废水浓缩结晶含盐淡化水处理装置 - Google Patents
一种通过热泵将高含盐废水浓缩结晶含盐淡化水处理装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022126670A1 WO2022126670A1 PCT/CN2020/137847 CN2020137847W WO2022126670A1 WO 2022126670 A1 WO2022126670 A1 WO 2022126670A1 CN 2020137847 W CN2020137847 W CN 2020137847W WO 2022126670 A1 WO2022126670 A1 WO 2022126670A1
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- Prior art keywords
- concentrated brine
- water
- brine
- heat pump
- evaporation
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 172
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 223
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 223
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 114
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- XZPVPNZTYPUODG-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Cl-] XZPVPNZTYPUODG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical class [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical class [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical class [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical class [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014102 seafood Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the fields of high-salt-containing treatment technology and environmental protection, and in particular relates to a treatment device for concentrating, crystallization, and salt-containing desalination water of high-salt-containing wastewater by means of a heat pump.
- high-salinity wastewater seeps into the soil system, which will cause soil organisms and plants to die due to dehydration, resulting in the destruction of the soil ecosystem. collapse.
- high-salt wastewater usually contains other high-concentration organic matter or nutrients. If it is directly discharged without treatment, it will bring greater pressure to the water environment and accelerate the process of eutrophication of rivers and lakes.
- salt-containing industrial wastewater it is certain that with the development of industry and the shortage of water resources, the pollution concentration of high-salt production wastewater produced by some industrial industries is getting higher and higher, and the composition is getting higher and higher. The more complex it is, the larger the emissions, and the greater the environmental pressure it brings. Therefore, the research on high-salinity industrial wastewater treatment technology is imminent, and exploring effective high-salinity organic wastewater treatment technology has become one of the hot spots in wastewater treatment.
- inverted electrodialysis device or nanofiltration pretreatment is used to reduce the possibility of scaling on the surface of the electrodialysis concentrated water side membrane.
- inverted electrodialysis requires complex pipelines and control systems, and at the same time reduces the recovery rate of water in the electrodialysis system; on the one hand, nanofiltration is used as pretreatment to add new treatment equipment, while nanofiltration membranes still have scaling problems.
- the recovery rate of the system is low; and some disclosed technologies treat the fresh water of electrodialysis to a lower degree and use it as fresh water for the process, which increases the cost of electrodialysis treatment.
- Some disclosed technologies treat the fresh water of electrodialysis to a lower degree and use it as fresh water for the process, which increases the cost of electrodialysis treatment.
- the invention provides a treatment device for concentrating, crystallization, and desalination of high-salt-containing wastewater by means of a heat pump, which has good treatment effect, simple process flow, stable operation, and is suitable for the treatment of most industrial high-salt water.
- the utility model relates to a treatment device for concentrating, crystallization, and desalinating high-salt waste water by means of a heat pump, which comprises a heat pump unit, a negative pressure evaporating, condensing, condensing and desalting device containing brine, and a crystallization and salt-containing device for evaporating concentrated brine with hot air.
- the device provides high temperature and high pressure refrigerant heat source through the compressor of the heat pump unit, the water-cooled condenser is used as a concentrated brine heater, the air-cooled condenser is used as an air heater, and the throttling device feeds the refrigerant into the evaporator to evaporate and absorb heat, which is used as evaporated water vapor.
- the condensed cold source and the evaporative and heat-absorbing refrigerant vapor are input to the compressor to form a cycle.
- the heat pump condensing device has at least two stages, the first stage is to heat the concentrated brine, and the second stage is to heat the air, which constitutes the condensation of the heat pump refrigerant.
- the condensed heat pump refrigerant through the throttling device, enters the evaporating device of the heat pump to absorb heat and evaporate.
- the evaporation device of the heat pump is at least one stage, which condenses the steam evaporated by the negative pressure.
- the heat pump evaporation device absorbs the heat of water vapor and provides the heat pump with the heat of refrigerant evaporation, so that the heat pump has a high-efficiency thermal cycle.
- the concentrated brine is treated by de-hardening, which not only removes the temporary and permanent hardness in the concentrated brine, so that the calcium carbonate salts that are easy to scale, as well as the calcium sulfate salts and magnesium carbonate salts that are easy to scale, are released in advance and converted into difficult
- de-hardening which not only removes the temporary and permanent hardness in the concentrated brine, so that the calcium carbonate salts that are easy to scale, as well as the calcium sulfate salts and magnesium carbonate salts that are easy to scale, are released in advance and converted into difficult
- the scaled sodium sulfate, sodium nitrate and sodium chloride salts will not cause scaling on the heat exchange surface during the concentration process, and even if crystallization occurs, it can be dissolved and removed by diluting the concentrated brine.
- Negative pressure evaporating, condensing, condensing and desalting device for brine containing negative pressure including a concentrated brine evaporation chamber and a water vapor condensation chamber which are isolated and communicated with each other through a partition plate and a water collector, or two separate chambers, two chambers communicated through a pipeline connector .
- the top of the concentrated brine evaporation chamber is provided with a hot brine spray evaporation device.
- the concentrated brine evaporation chamber is provided with a concentrated brine collection tank at the bottom, and the concentrated brine collection tank is connected to a concentrated brine discharge pipe and a concentrated brine circulation outlet pipe. connect.
- the concentrated brine circulation outlet pipe is mixed with the newly replenished brine, and is pumped into the water-cooled condenser for heating through the concentrated brine circulation pump.
- the heated brine is connected to the brine spray evaporation device at the top of the brine evaporation chamber through a pipeline. It is input into the spray device in the concentrated brine evaporator, and the concentrated brine is sprayed and evaporated.
- the water collector that separates the brine evaporation chamber and the water vapor condensation chamber collects the recovered brine into the brine pool at the bottom of the brine evaporation chamber.
- the heat pump evaporator is installed in the water vapor condensing chamber, and the water vapor generated by the spray evaporation of concentrated brine is collected by the water collector and then enters the condensing chamber of the heat pump evaporator. , collected in the sink pool at the bottom of the condensation chamber of the heat pump evaporator, and pumped out through the water pump.
- the hot air evaporation concentrated brine crystallization salt-containing device of the device includes an air-cooled condenser, an induced fan, a concentrated brine sprayer, a concentrated brine water lifter, a concentrated brine pool, a concentrated brine water collector, an air chimney or an induced draft fan.
- the concentrated brine discharge pipe of the concentrated brine evaporation chamber is connected with the concentrated brine sprayer of the hot air evaporation brine crystallization salt-containing device through the water pump.
- the draft fan draws the air through the air-cooled condenser to heat the air, and the hot air evaporates the concentrated brine lifted by the sprayer and the water lifter, and the concentrated brine crystallizes.
- the concentrated brine sprayed with water will increase in concentration due to evaporation, and finally generate crystalline salt, which can be recycled.
- the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant gas compressed by the heat pump compressor is introduced into the concentrated brine condenser to heat the concentrated brine and release heat to the refrigerant in the high temperature section.
- the refrigerant is introduced into the air condenser, and the fan induced air is heated, and the air heated by the air condenser enters the concentrated brine evaporation pool composed of the spray device and the water lifting device connected by the concentrated brine pump, and the concentrated brine is heated. Evaporation allowed the concentrated brine to evaporate and crystallize.
- the hot and humid air with salt water is discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney or induced draft fan after the concentrated salt water is intercepted by the concentrated salt water collector.
- the moist and hot air containing evaporated water vapor is passed through a fan or through a chimney device to make use of the difference in specific gravity of the cold and hot air to carry out convective diffusion evaporation.
- the heat pump can achieve high efficiency and energy saving, evaporate water, and realize zero discharge of concentrated salt water, so as to prevent the saline-alkali pollution caused by the concentrated salt water to the natural water body, so that it will not cause land irrigation salinization due to the concentrated salt water. , and maximize the use of water resources.
- the utility model relates to a treatment device for concentrating, crystallization, and desalinating high-salt waste water by means of a heat pump, which comprises a heat pump unit, a negative pressure evaporating, condensing, condensing and desalting device containing brine, and a crystallization and salt-containing device for evaporating concentrated brine with hot air.
- the device provides high temperature and high pressure refrigerant heat source through the compressor of the heat pump unit, the water-cooled condenser is used as a concentrated brine heater, the spray water condenser is used as a concentrated brine secondary evaporation heater, the air-cooled condenser is used as an air heater, and a throttling device
- the refrigerant is input into the evaporator to evaporate and absorb heat, as a cold source for the condensation of evaporated water vapor, and the refrigerant vapor that evaporates and absorbs heat is input to the compressor to form a cycle.
- the heat pump condensing device has three stages. The first stage heats the concentrated brine, the second stage is used for the secondary heating of the spray concentrated brine, and the third stage is used to heat the air and realize the condensation of the heat pump refrigerant.
- the condensed heat pump refrigerant through the throttling device, enters the evaporating device of the heat pump to absorb heat and evaporate.
- the evaporation device of the heat pump is at least one stage, which condenses the steam evaporated by the negative pressure.
- the heat pump evaporation device absorbs the heat of the water vapor to provide the heat pump with the evaporation heat of the refrigerant, so that the heat pump has a high-efficiency thermal cycle.
- the concentrated brine is treated by de-hardening, which not only removes the temporary and permanent hardness in the concentrated brine, so that the calcium carbonate salts that are easy to scale, as well as the calcium sulfate salts and magnesium carbonate salts that are easy to scale, are released in advance and converted into difficult
- de-hardening which not only removes the temporary and permanent hardness in the concentrated brine, so that the calcium carbonate salts that are easy to scale, as well as the calcium sulfate salts and magnesium carbonate salts that are easy to scale, are released in advance and converted into difficult
- the scaled sodium sulfate, sodium nitrate and sodium chloride salts will not cause scaling on the heat exchange surface during the concentration process, and even if crystallization occurs, it can be dissolved and removed by diluting the concentrated brine.
- Negative pressure evaporating, condensing, condensing and desalting device for brine containing negative pressure including a concentrated brine evaporation chamber and a water vapor condensation chamber which are isolated and communicated with each other through a partition plate and a water collector, or two separate chambers, two chambers communicated through a pipeline connector .
- the top of the concentrated brine evaporation chamber is provided with a hot brine spray evaporation device, and the chamber is provided with a concentrated brine secondary heating evaporation device.
- the concentrated brine evaporation chamber is provided with a concentrated brine collection tank at the bottom, and the concentrated brine collection tank is connected to a concentrated brine discharge pipe and a concentrated brine circulation outlet pipe. connect.
- the concentrated brine circulation outlet pipe is mixed with the newly replenished brine, and is pumped into the water-cooled condenser for heating through the concentrated brine circulation pump.
- the heated brine is connected to the brine spray evaporation device at the top of the brine evaporation chamber through a pipeline. It is input into the spray device in the concentrated brine evaporator, and the concentrated brine is sprayed and evaporated.
- the water collector that separates the brine evaporation chamber and the water vapor condensation chamber collects the recovered brine into the brine pool at the bottom of the brine evaporation chamber.
- the heat pump evaporator is installed in the water vapor condensing chamber, and the water vapor generated by the spray evaporation of concentrated brine is collected by the water collector and then enters the condensing chamber of the heat pump evaporator. , collected in the sink pool at the bottom of the condensation chamber of the heat pump evaporator, and pumped out through the water pump.
- the water vapor condensation chamber is provided with a vacuum exhaust pipe, and through the vacuum exhaust device, the water vapor condensation chamber and the concentrated brine evaporation chamber are evacuated, and the evaporation temperature of the concentrated brine is reduced.
- the hot air evaporation concentrated brine crystallization salt-containing device of the device includes an air-cooled condenser, an induced fan, a concentrated brine sprayer, a concentrated brine water lifter, a concentrated brine pool, a concentrated brine water collector, an air chimney or an induced draft fan.
- the concentrated brine discharge pipe of the concentrated brine evaporation chamber is connected with the concentrated brine sprayer of the hot air evaporation brine crystallization salt-containing device through the water pump.
- the draft fan draws the air through the air-cooled condenser to heat the air, and the hot air evaporates the concentrated brine lifted by the sprayer and the water lifter, and the concentrated brine crystallizes.
- the concentrated brine sprayed with water will increase in concentration due to evaporation, and finally generate crystalline salt, which can be recycled.
- the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant gas compressed by the heat pump compressor is introduced into the concentrated brine condenser to heat the concentrated brine and release heat to the refrigerant in the high temperature section.
- the refrigerant is introduced into the secondary spray concentrated brine condenser, and the concentrated brine is heated and evaporated for a second time.
- the refrigerant is introduced into the air condenser to heat the fan induced air, and the air heated by the air condenser enters the concentrated brine evaporation pool composed of the spray device and the water lifting device connected by the concentrated brine pump, and evaporates the concentrated brine. , allowing the concentrated brine to evaporate and crystallize.
- the hot and humid air with salt water is discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney or induced draft fan after the concentrated salt water is intercepted by the concentrated salt water collector.
- the moist and hot air containing evaporated water vapor is passed through a fan or through a chimney device to make use of the difference in specific gravity of the cold and hot air to carry out convective diffusion evaporation.
- the heat pump can achieve high efficiency and energy saving, evaporate water, and realize zero discharge of concentrated salt water, so as to prevent the saline-alkali pollution caused by the concentrated salt water to the natural water body, so that it will not cause land irrigation salinization due to the concentrated salt water. , and maximize the use of water resources.
- the utility model relates to a treatment device for concentrating and crystallizing salt-containing desalination water of high-salt waste water by means of a heat pump.
- the utility model relates to a treatment device for concentrating and crystallizing high-salt wastewater containing salt and desalinating water by means of a heat pump.
- the utility model relates to a treatment device for concentrating and crystallizing salt-containing desalinated water of high-salt wastewater by means of a heat pump, which is installed in a wind stack or a cold-air device is arranged to condense the water vapor in the humid air to recover the condensed water.
- the utility model relates to a water treatment device for concentrating and crystallizing high-salt-containing wastewater by means of a heat pump for desalination water.
- a device for concentrating and crystallizing high-salt wastewater by a heat pump for desalination water treatment Heater and final stage heater to heat the concentrated brine mixed with grit abrasive to 125 degrees Celsius to remove the hardness.
- a device for concentrating and crystallizing salt-containing desalinated water from high-salt waste water by means of a heat pump wherein the evaporation device of the heat pump is a two-stage, and the evaporation device of the first-stage heat pump condenses the steam evaporated by the negative pressure, and the evaporation device of the second-stage heat pump is as follows: Partial condensation is carried out by the hot and humid air discharged by the induced draft fan, and the condensed water is recovered.
- the utility model relates to a treatment device for concentrating and crystallizing salt-containing desalinated water of high-salt wastewater by means of a heat pump.
- a device for concentrating and crystallizing high-salt wastewater through a heat pump for desalination water treatment uses the high energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump, it realizes the concentration of concentrated brine, the preparation of condensed water, and the concentration and crystallization of high-salt wastewater. Discharge, maximize the recovery of water resources, and maximize the use of low valley electricity.
- the device has reliable performance, high energy efficiency, and high utilization rate of high-salt wastewater.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the combined system of the apparatus for concentrating and crystallizing salt-containing desalination water of high-salt wastewater by means of a heat pump according to the present invention.
- Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the combined system of the apparatus for concentrating and crystallizing salt-containing desalination water of high-salt wastewater by means of a heat pump according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of a combined system of a device for concentrating and crystallizing salt-containing desalination water of high-salt wastewater by means of a heat pump according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of a combined system of a device for concentrating and crystallizing salt-containing desalination water of high-salt wastewater by means of a heat pump according to the present invention.
- Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the fifth embodiment of the combined system of the apparatus for concentrating and crystallizing salt-containing desalination water of high-salt wastewater by means of a heat pump according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a sixth embodiment of a combined system of a device for concentrating and crystallizing salt-containing desalination water treatment device for high-salt wastewater by means of a heat pump according to the present invention.
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Abstract
一种通过热泵将高含盐废水浓缩结晶含盐淡化水处理装置，包括热泵机组、浓盐水蒸发室和水蒸气冷凝室，热风蒸发浓盐水结晶含盐装置构成。通过热泵机组的压缩机(20)提供高温、高压制冷剂热源，水冷冷凝器作为浓盐水加热器，空冷冷凝器作为空气加热器，节流装置(21)将制冷剂输入蒸发器蒸发吸热，作为蒸发水蒸汽冷凝的冷源，蒸发吸热的制冷剂蒸汽输入压缩机(20)构成循环。热泵冷凝装置至少两级，一级为对浓盐水加热，二级为对空气加热，构成对热泵制冷剂的冷凝；冷凝的热泵制冷剂，通过节流装置(21)，进入热泵蒸发装置吸热蒸发；热泵的蒸发装置为至少一级，对负压蒸发的蒸汽进行冷凝；热泵蒸发装置吸收水蒸气热量，为热泵提供制冷剂蒸发热量，使热泵有高效率的热循环。
Description
本发明属于高含盐水处理技术及环境保护领域，尤其涉及一种通过热泵将高含盐废水浓缩结晶含盐淡化水处理装置。
随着我国工业化进程的加快，诸多工矿生产领域会产生高含盐废水，如热力发电厂排放的高含盐污水、印染、造纸、化工、农药、采油、海产品加工等。工艺水中盐分的逐步浓缩，使得废水含盐量较高，如果得不到很好处置，必然带来水体及土壤生态环境污染。因此对此高盐度的盐水进行经济高效的浓缩处理，已成为液体零排放工艺经济性及可行性的关键问题。此类废水通常会含有高浓度有机污染物，直接排放对环境造成严重污染及破坏，如高含盐废水渗流入土壤系统中，会使土壤生物、植物因脱水而死亡，造成了土壤生态系统的瓦解。而且，高盐废水中通常含有其它高浓度有机物或营养物，若未经处理直接排放，将给水体环境带来更大的压力，加速江河湖泊的富营养化进程。虽然目前还没有含盐工业废水方面的统计数据，但可以肯定的是，随着工业的发展和水资源的紧缺，一些工业行业所产生的高盐生产废水污染浓度越来越高，成分越来越复杂，排放量越来越大，所带来的环境压力也越来越大。因此，对高盐工业废水处理技术的研究迫在眉睫，探索行之有效的高盐度有机废水处理技术已经成为目前废水处理的热点之一。
通过电渗析及反渗透进行盐水浓缩而后进行分盐、结晶已经成为工业高盐水处理的重要方案。而高盐废水普遍存在高硬度的特征，现有技术电渗析工序或采用倒极电渗析器、或采用纳滤预处理，以减小电渗析浓水侧膜表面结垢可能性，但此类方法中倒极电渗析需要复杂的管路与控制系统，同时降低电渗析系统水的回收率；以纳滤作为预处理一方面增加了新的处理设备，同时纳滤膜仍存在结垢问题，因此其系统回收率较低；而某些公开技术将电渗析淡水处理至较低程度作为工艺用淡水使用，增加了电渗析处理成本。也有简单采用电渗析脱盐水循环浓缩形式，但增加了硬度等的浓缩危险性。
本发明提供一种通过热泵将高含盐废水浓缩结晶含盐淡化水处理装置，处理效果好、工艺流程简单、运行平稳、适用于大部分工业高含盐水的处理。
一种通过热泵将高含盐废水浓缩结晶含盐淡化水处理装置，包括热泵机组、含盐水负压蒸发浓缩冷凝淡化装置、热风蒸发浓盐水结晶含盐装置构成。本装置通过热泵机组的压缩机提供高温、高压制冷剂热源，水冷冷凝器作为浓盐水加热器，空冷冷凝器作为空气加热器，节流装置将制冷剂输入蒸发器蒸发吸热，作为蒸发水蒸气冷凝的冷源，蒸发吸热的制冷剂蒸汽输入压缩机构成循环。
热泵冷凝装置至少两级，一级为对浓盐水加热，二级为对空气加热，构成对热泵制冷剂的冷凝。冷凝的热泵制冷剂，通过节流装置，进入热泵的蒸发装置吸热蒸发。热泵的蒸发装置为至少一级，对负压蒸发的蒸汽进行冷凝。热泵蒸发装置吸收水蒸气热量，为热泵提供制冷剂蒸发热量，使热泵有高效率的热循环。
浓盐水是经过除硬处理的，既除去浓盐水中的暂硬和永硬，使容易结垢的碳酸钙盐，以及容易结垢的硫酸钙盐、碳酸镁盐、提前释出，转化成不易结垢的硫酸钠盐、硝酸钠盐和氯化钠盐，使之在浓缩过程中对换热表面不产生结垢，而即使产生结晶，也可以通过对浓盐水的稀释使之溶解脱除。
含盐水负压蒸发浓缩冷凝淡化装置，包括通过隔板和收水器相互隔离联通的浓盐水蒸发室和水蒸气冷凝室，或为单独的两个腔室，通过管道连通器连通的两腔室。浓盐水蒸发室的顶部设有热浓盐水喷淋蒸发装置。浓盐水蒸发室底部设有浓盐水汇集池、浓盐水汇集池上连接浓盐水排放管和浓盐水循环出水管，浓盐水排放管和浓盐水循环出水管或为同一管接出，通过三通管件分流连接。
浓盐水循环出水管和新补入的盐水混合，通过浓盐水循环水泵，泵入水冷冷凝器加热。加热的浓盐水通过管道，与浓盐水蒸发室顶部的浓盐水喷淋蒸发装置连接。输入到浓盐水蒸发器内的喷淋装置中，对浓盐水进行喷淋蒸发。
将浓盐水蒸发室和水蒸气冷凝室隔开的收水器，把回收的含盐水汇流到浓盐水蒸发室底部的浓盐水池中。热泵蒸发器设于水蒸气冷凝室内，浓盐水喷淋蒸发产生的水蒸气，通过收水器收集水雾后，进入热泵蒸发器冷凝室内，水蒸气在蒸发器的表面上冷凝，产生冷凝水下流，汇集于热泵蒸发器冷凝室底部汇水池内，并通过水泵泵出。
水蒸气冷凝室内设有真空抽气管，通过真空抽气装置，实现对水蒸气冷凝室及浓盐水蒸发室的抽真空，降低浓盐水的蒸发温度。
本装置的热风蒸发浓盐水结晶含盐装置，包括空冷冷凝器、引风扇、浓盐水喷淋器、浓盐水撩水器、浓盐水池、浓盐水收水器、风囱或引风机构成。浓盐水蒸发室的浓盐水排放管，通过水泵与热风蒸发浓盐水结晶含盐装置的浓盐水喷淋器连接。引风扇引风通过空冷冷凝器加热空气，热空气对喷淋和撩水器撩起的浓盐水蒸发，浓盐水结晶。撩水喷淋的浓盐水，因蒸发而浓度变大 ，最终生成结晶盐，此盐可以回收利用。
热泵压缩机压缩的高温高压制冷剂气体，导入浓盐水冷凝器内，对浓盐水进行加热，对制冷剂进行高温段部分的放热。之后，将制冷剂导入空气冷凝器，对风扇引风进行加热，被空气冷凝器加热的空气，进入通过浓盐水泵连接的喷淋装置和撩水装置组成的浓盐水蒸发池，对浓盐水进行蒸发，使浓盐水蒸发并结晶。带盐水的湿热空气经过浓盐水收水器截流浓盐水后，经风囱或引风机排入大气。含有蒸发水蒸气的湿热空气，通过风扇或者通过风囱装置，使其利用冷热空气比重不同进行对流扩散蒸发。
热泵作为热源，可实现高效节能，对水进行蒸发，实现对浓盐水的零排放，以防止其因浓盐水对自然水体造成的盐碱污染，使其不因浓盐水而造成土地灌溉盐碱化，并可最大限度的利用水资源。
一种通过热泵将高含盐废水浓缩结晶含盐淡化水处理装置，包括热泵机组、含盐水负压蒸发浓缩冷凝淡化装置、热风蒸发浓盐水结晶含盐装置构成。本装置通过热泵机组的压缩机提供高温、高压制冷剂热源，水冷冷凝器作为浓盐水加热器，喷淋水冷凝器作为浓盐水二次蒸发加热器，空冷冷凝器作为空气加热器，节流装置将制冷剂输入蒸发器蒸发吸热，作为蒸发水蒸气冷凝的冷源，蒸发吸热的制冷剂蒸汽输入压缩机构成循环。
热泵冷凝装置为三级，一级对浓盐水加热，二级作为对喷淋浓盐水的二次加热，三级为对空气加热，并实现对热泵制冷剂的冷凝。冷凝的热泵制冷剂，通过节流装置，进入热泵的蒸发装置吸热蒸发。热泵的蒸发装置为至少一级，对负压蒸发的蒸汽进行冷凝，热泵蒸发装置吸收水蒸气热量，为热泵提供制冷剂蒸发热量，使热泵有高效率的热循环。
浓盐水是经过除硬处理的，既除去浓盐水中的暂硬和永硬，使容易结垢的碳酸钙盐，以及容易结垢的硫酸钙盐、碳酸镁盐、提前释出，转化成不易结垢的硫酸钠盐、硝酸钠盐和氯化钠盐，使之在浓缩过程中对换热表面不产生结垢，而即使产生结晶，也可以通过对浓盐水的稀释使之溶解脱除。
含盐水负压蒸发浓缩冷凝淡化装置，包括通过隔板和收水器相互隔离联通的浓盐水蒸发室和水蒸气冷凝室，或为单独的两个腔室，通过管道连通器连通的两腔室。浓盐水蒸发室的顶部设有热浓盐水喷淋蒸发装置，室内设有浓盐水二次加热蒸发装置。浓盐水蒸发室底部设有浓盐水汇集池、浓盐水汇集池上连接浓盐水排放管和浓盐水循环出水管，浓盐水排放管和浓盐水循环出水管或为同一管接出，通过三通管件分流连接。
浓盐水循环出水管和新补入的盐水混合，通过浓盐水循环水泵，泵入水冷冷凝器加热。加热的浓盐水通过管道，与浓盐水蒸发室顶部的浓盐水喷淋蒸发装置连接。输入到浓盐水蒸发器内的喷淋装置中，对浓盐水进行喷淋蒸发。
将浓盐水蒸发室和水蒸气冷凝室隔开的收水器，把回收的含盐水汇流到浓盐水蒸发室底部的浓盐水池中。热泵蒸发器设于水蒸气冷凝室内，浓盐水喷淋蒸发产生的水蒸气，通过收水器收集水雾后，进入热泵蒸发器冷凝室内，水蒸气在蒸发器的表面上冷凝，产生冷凝水下流，汇集于热泵蒸发器冷凝室底部汇水池内，并通过水泵泵出。
水蒸气冷凝室内设有真空抽气管，通过真空抽气装置，实现对水蒸气冷凝室及浓盐水蒸发室的抽真空，降低浓盐水的蒸发温度。
本装置的热风蒸发浓盐水结晶含盐装置，包括空冷冷凝器、引风扇、浓盐水喷淋器、浓盐水撩水器、浓盐水池、浓盐水收水器、风囱或引风机构成。浓盐水蒸发室的浓盐水排放管，通过水泵与热风蒸发浓盐水结晶含盐装置的浓盐水喷淋器连接。引风扇引风通过空冷冷凝器加热空气，热空气对喷淋和撩水器撩起的浓盐水蒸发，浓盐水结晶。撩水喷淋的浓盐水，因蒸发而浓度变大 ，最终生成结晶盐，此盐可以回收利用。
热泵压缩机压缩的高温高压制冷剂气体，导入浓盐水冷凝器内，对浓盐水进行加热，对制冷剂进行高温段部分的放热。之后，将制冷剂导入二级喷淋浓盐水冷凝器内，对浓盐水进行二次加热蒸发。再将制冷剂导入空气冷凝器，对风扇引风进行加热，被空气冷凝器加热的空气，进入通过浓盐水泵连接的喷淋装置和撩水装置组成的浓盐水蒸发池，对浓盐水进行蒸发，使浓盐水蒸发并结晶。带盐水的湿热空气经过浓盐水收水器截流浓盐水后，经风囱或引风机排入大气。含有蒸发水蒸气的湿热空气，通过风扇或者通过风囱装置，使其利用冷热空气比重不同进行对流扩散蒸发。
热泵作为热源，可实现高效节能，对水进行蒸发，实现对浓盐水的零排放，以防止其因浓盐水对自然水体造成的盐碱污染，使其不因浓盐水而造成土地灌溉盐碱化，并可最大限度的利用水资源。
一种通过热泵将高含盐废水浓缩结晶含盐淡化水处理装置，其浓盐水收水器包括折板式，被动风扇式。
一种通过热泵将高含盐废水浓缩结晶含盐淡化水处理装置，其浓盐水撩水器包括桨叶风扇式、旋转撩水浆轮式。
一种通过热泵将高含盐废水浓缩结晶含盐淡化水处理装置，其在风囱内或设置引入冷风装置，冷凝湿空气中的水蒸气回收冷凝水。
一种通过热泵将高含盐废水浓缩结晶含盐淡化水处理装置，其在风囱内或设置热泵空气二级蒸发器，将湿热空气中的水蒸气冷凝并回收冷凝水。
一种通过热泵将高含盐废水浓缩结晶含盐淡化水处理装置，其浓盐水是经过化学除硬处理的以钠盐为主的浓盐水，浓盐水的主要软化药品为碳酸钠。
一种通过热泵将高含盐废水浓缩结晶含盐淡化水处理装置，其浓盐水是经过物理加热除硬处理的以钠盐为主的浓盐水，浓盐水的物理除硬是将浓盐水通过换热器和末级加热器，将混合有沙砾磨料的浓盐水加热到125摄氏度除硬。
一种通过热泵将高含盐废水浓缩结晶含盐淡化水处理装置，其热泵的蒸发装置为二级，一级热泵的蒸发装置，对负压蒸发的蒸汽进行冷凝，二级热泵的蒸发装置为通过引风机排放的湿热空气进行部分冷凝，回收冷凝水。
一种通过热泵将高含盐废水浓缩结晶含盐淡化水处理装置，其抽真空装置包括冷凝水抽水泵与喷射水抽气器组成的真空泵、水环真空泵、机械真空泵、蒸汽喷射真空泵。
一种通过热泵将高含盐废水浓缩结晶含盐淡化水处理装置，利用热泵的高能效比，实现对浓盐水的浓缩、制取冷凝水、对高含盐废水浓缩结晶，实现浓盐水的零排放，最大限度的回收了水资源，而且最大限度的利用了低谷电。本装置性能可靠，能效高，高含盐废水利用率高。
图1示出了本发明一种通过热泵将高含盐废水浓缩结晶含盐淡化水处理装置的组合系统第一实施例示意图。
图2示出了本发明一种通过热泵将高含盐废水浓缩结晶含盐淡化水处理装置的组合系统第二实施例示意图。
图3示出了本发明一种通过热泵将高含盐废水浓缩结晶含盐淡化水处理装置的组合系统第三实施例示意图。
图4示出了本发明一种通过热泵将高含盐废水浓缩结晶含盐淡化水处理装置的组合系统第四实施例示意图。
图5示出了本发明一种通过热泵将高含盐废水浓缩结晶含盐淡化水处理装置的组合系统第五实施例示意图。
图6示出了本发明一种通过热泵将高含盐废水浓缩结晶含盐淡化水处理装置的组合系统第六实施例示意图。
图中： 1撩水器、2撩水器支架、3风冷冷凝器、4引风扇、5电机、6制冷剂管道、7浓水喷淋器、8浓水进水管、9浓水喷淋泵、10浓水混合调整三通阀、11浓水排放管、12浓水循环水泵、13浓水积水池、14浓水加热器制冷剂盘管、15收水器、16浓水蒸发器喷淋器、17浓水喷淋管、18高温制冷剂蒸气管、19热泵整机、20压缩机、21截流装置、22制冷剂气液分离器、23制冷剂回液管、24制冷剂蒸发管、25冷凝水输出管、26水蒸气冷凝器、27冷凝水输水泵、28进排气装置、29冷凝水箱、30冷凝水集水器、31真空抽气管、32冷凝水泵、33喷射器、34风囱、35收水器、36浓水蒸发池、37冷风进风套管、38回收冷凝水池、39湿空气冷凝水汇水器、40湿热空气冷却器、41浓水喷淋二次加热盘管。
Claims (10)
- 一种通过热泵将高含盐废水浓缩结晶含盐淡化水处理装置，包括热泵机组、含盐水负压蒸发浓缩冷凝淡化装置、热风蒸发浓盐水结晶含盐装置构成，其特征是：本装置通过热泵机组的压缩机提供高温、高压制冷剂热源，水冷冷凝器作为浓盐水加热器，空冷冷凝器作为空气加热器，节流装置将制冷剂输入蒸发器蒸发吸热，作为蒸发水蒸气冷凝的冷源，蒸发吸热的制冷剂蒸汽输入压缩机构成循环；热泵冷凝装置至少两级，一级为对浓盐水加热，二级为对空气加热，构成对热泵制冷剂的冷凝；冷凝的热泵制冷剂，通过节流装置，进入热泵的蒸发装置吸热蒸发；热泵的蒸发装置为至少一级，对负压蒸发的蒸汽进行冷凝；热泵蒸发装置吸收水蒸气热量，为热泵提供制冷剂蒸发热量，使热泵有高效率的热循环；浓盐水是经过除硬处理的，既除去浓盐水中的暂硬和永硬，使容易结垢的碳酸钙盐，以及容易结垢的硫酸钙盐、碳酸镁盐、提前释出，转化成不易结垢的硫酸钠盐、硝酸钠盐和氯化钠盐，使之在浓缩过程中对换热表面不产生结垢，而即使产生结晶，也可以通过对浓盐水的稀释使之溶解脱除；含盐水负压蒸发浓缩冷凝淡化装置，包括通过隔板和收水器相互隔离联通的浓盐水蒸发室和水蒸气冷凝室，或为单独的两个腔室，通过管道连通器连通的两腔室；浓盐水蒸发室的顶部设有热浓盐水喷淋蒸发装置；浓盐水蒸发室底部设有浓盐水汇集池、浓盐水汇集池上连接浓盐水排放管和浓盐水循环出水管，浓盐水排放管和浓盐水循环出水管或为同一管接出，通过三通管件分流连接；浓盐水循环出水管和新补入的盐水混合，通过浓盐水循环水泵，泵入水冷冷凝器加热；加热的浓盐水通过管道，与浓盐水蒸发室顶部的浓盐水喷淋蒸发装置连接；输入到浓盐水蒸发器内的喷淋装置中，对浓盐水进行喷淋蒸发；将浓盐水蒸发室和水蒸气冷凝室隔开的收水器，把回收的含盐水汇流到浓盐水蒸发室底部的浓盐水池中；热泵蒸发器设于水蒸气冷凝室内，浓盐水喷淋蒸发产生的水蒸气，通过收水器收集水雾后，进入热泵蒸发器冷凝室内，水蒸气在蒸发器的表面上冷凝，产生冷凝水下流，汇集于热泵蒸发器冷凝室底部汇水池内，并通过水泵泵出；水蒸气冷凝室内设有真空抽气管，通过真空抽气装置，实现对水蒸气冷凝室及浓盐水蒸发室的抽真空，降低浓盐水的蒸发温度；本装置的热风蒸发浓盐水结晶含盐装置，包括空冷冷凝器、引风扇、浓盐水喷淋器、浓盐水撩水器、浓盐水池、浓盐水收水器、风囱或引风机构成；浓盐水蒸发室的浓盐水排放管，通过水泵与热风蒸发浓盐水结晶含盐装置的浓盐水喷淋器连接；引风扇引风通过空冷冷凝器加热空气，热空气对喷淋和撩水器撩起的浓盐水蒸发，浓盐水结晶；撩水喷淋的浓盐水，因蒸发而浓度变大 ，最终生成结晶盐，此盐可以回收利用；热泵压缩机压缩的高温高压制冷剂气体，导入浓盐水冷凝器内，对浓盐水进行加热，对制冷剂进行高温段部分的放热；之后，将制冷剂导入空气冷凝器，对风扇引风进行加热，被空气冷凝器加热的空气，进入通过浓盐水泵连接的喷淋装置和撩水装置组成的浓盐水蒸发池，对浓盐水进行蒸发，使浓盐水蒸发并结晶；带盐水的湿热空气经过浓盐水收水器截流浓盐水后，经风囱或引风机排入大气；含有蒸发水蒸气的湿热空气，通过风扇或者通过风囱装置，使其利用冷热空气比重不同进行对流扩散蒸发；热泵作为热源，可实现高效节能，对水进行蒸发，实现对浓盐水的零排放，以防止其因浓盐水对自然水体造成的盐碱污染，使其不因浓盐水而造成土地灌溉盐碱化，并可最大限度的利用水资源。
- 一种通过热泵将高含盐废水浓缩结晶含盐淡化水处理装置，包括热泵机组、含盐水负压蒸发浓缩冷凝淡化装置、热风蒸发浓盐水结晶含盐装置构成，其特征是：本装置通过热泵机组的压缩机提供高温、高压制冷剂热源，水冷冷凝器作为浓盐水加热器，喷淋水冷凝器作为浓盐水二次蒸发加热器，空冷冷凝器作为空气加热器，节流装置将制冷剂输入蒸发器蒸发吸热，作为蒸发水蒸气冷凝的冷源，蒸发吸热的制冷剂蒸汽输入压缩机构成循环；热泵冷凝装置为三级，一级对浓盐水加热，二级作为对喷淋浓盐水的二次加热，三级为对空气加热，并实现对热泵制冷剂的冷凝；冷凝的热泵制冷剂，通过节流装置，进入热泵的蒸发装置吸热蒸发；热泵的蒸发装置为至少一级，对负压蒸发的蒸汽进行冷凝，热泵蒸发装置吸收水蒸气热量，为热泵提供制冷剂蒸发热量，使热泵有高效率的热循环；浓盐水是经过除硬处理的，既除去浓盐水中的暂硬和永硬，使容易结垢的碳酸钙盐，以及容易结垢的硫酸钙盐、碳酸镁盐、提前释出，转化成不易结垢的硫酸钠盐、硝酸钠盐和氯化钠盐，使之在浓缩过程中对换热表面不产生结垢，而即使产生结晶，也可以通过对浓盐水的稀释使之溶解脱除；含盐水负压蒸发浓缩冷凝淡化装置，包括通过隔板和收水器相互隔离联通的浓盐水蒸发室和水蒸气冷凝室，或为单独的两个腔室，通过管道连通器连通的两腔室；浓盐水蒸发室的顶部设有热浓盐水喷淋蒸发装置，室内设有浓盐水二次加热蒸发装置；浓盐水蒸发室底部设有浓盐水汇集池、浓盐水汇集池上连接浓盐水排放管和浓盐水循环出水管，浓盐水排放管和浓盐水循环出水管或为同一管接出，通过三通管件分流连接；浓盐水循环出水管和新补入的盐水混合，通过浓盐水循环水泵，泵入水冷冷凝器加热；加热的浓盐水通过管道，与浓盐水蒸发室顶部的浓盐水喷淋蒸发装置连接；输入到浓盐水蒸发器内的喷淋装置中，对浓盐水进行喷淋蒸发；将浓盐水蒸发室和水蒸气冷凝室隔开的收水器，把回收的含盐水汇流到浓盐水蒸发室底部的浓盐水池中；热泵蒸发器设于水蒸气冷凝室内，浓盐水喷淋蒸发产生的水蒸气，通过收水器收集水雾后，进入热泵蒸发器冷凝室内，水蒸气在蒸发器的表面上冷凝，产生冷凝水下流，汇集于热泵蒸发器冷凝室底部汇水池内，并通过水泵泵出；水蒸气冷凝室内设有真空抽气管，通过真空抽气装置，实现对水蒸气冷凝室及浓盐水蒸发室的抽真空，降低浓盐水的蒸发温度；本装置的热风蒸发浓盐水结晶含盐装置，包括空冷冷凝器、引风扇、浓盐水喷淋器、浓盐水撩水器、浓盐水池、浓盐水收水器、风囱或引风机构成；浓盐水蒸发室的浓盐水排放管，通过水泵与热风蒸发浓盐水结晶含盐装置的浓盐水喷淋器连接；引风扇引风通过空冷冷凝器加热空气，热空气对喷淋和撩水器撩起的浓盐水蒸发，浓盐水结晶；撩水喷淋的浓盐水，因蒸发而浓度变大 ，最终生成结晶盐，此盐可以回收利用；热泵压缩机压缩的高温高压制冷剂气体，导入浓盐水冷凝器内，对浓盐水进行加热，对制冷剂进行高温段部分的放热；之后，将制冷剂导入二级喷淋浓盐水冷凝器内，对浓盐水进行二次加热蒸发；再将制冷剂导入空气冷凝器，对风扇引风进行加热，被空气冷凝器加热的空气，进入通过浓盐水泵连接的喷淋装置和撩水装置组成的浓盐水蒸发池，对浓盐水进行蒸发，使浓盐水蒸发并结晶；带盐水的湿热空气经过浓盐水收水器截流浓盐水后，经风囱或引风机排入大气；含有蒸发水蒸气的湿热空气，通过风扇或者通过风囱装置，使其利用冷热空气比重不同进行对流扩散蒸发；热泵作为热源，可实现高效节能，对水进行蒸发，实现对浓盐水的零排放，以防止其因浓盐水对自然水体造成的盐碱污染，使其不因浓盐水而造成土地灌溉盐碱化，并可最大限度的利用水资源。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种通过热泵将高含盐废水浓缩结晶含盐淡化水处理装置，其特征是：浓盐水收水器包括折板式，被动风扇式。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种通过热泵将高含盐废水浓缩结晶含盐淡化水处理装置，其特征是：浓盐水撩水器包括桨叶风扇式、旋转撩水浆轮式。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种通过热泵将高含盐废水浓缩结晶含盐淡化水处理装置，其特征是：在风囱内或设置引入冷风装置，冷凝湿空气中的水蒸气回收冷凝水。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种通过热泵将高含盐废水浓缩结晶含盐淡化水处理装置，其特征是：在风囱内或设置热泵空气二级蒸发器，将湿热空气中的水蒸气冷凝并回收冷凝水。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种通过热泵将高含盐废水浓缩结晶含盐淡化水处理装置，其特征是：浓盐水是经过化学除硬处理的以钠盐为主的浓盐水，浓盐水的主要软化药品为碳酸钠。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种通过热泵将高含盐废水浓缩结晶含盐淡化水处理装置，其特征是：浓盐水是经过物理加热除硬处理的以钠盐为主的浓盐水，浓盐水的物理除硬是将浓盐水通过换热器和末级加热器，将混合有沙砾磨料的浓盐水加热到125摄氏度除硬。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种通过热泵将高含盐废水浓缩结晶含盐淡化水处理装置，其特征是：热泵的蒸发装置为二级，一级热泵的蒸发装置，对负压蒸发的蒸汽进行冷凝，二级热泵的蒸发装置为通过引风机排放的湿热空气进行部分冷凝，回收冷凝水。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种通过热泵将高含盐废水浓缩结晶含盐淡化水处理装置，其特征是：抽真空装置包括冷凝水抽水泵与喷射水抽气器组成的真空泵、水环真空泵、机械真空泵、蒸汽喷射真空泵。
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