WO2022120449A1 - Formations for tilling the surface layer of ground using a towed modular agricultural implement and respective components - Google Patents

Formations for tilling the surface layer of ground using a towed modular agricultural implement and respective components Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022120449A1
WO2022120449A1 PCT/BR2021/050530 BR2021050530W WO2022120449A1 WO 2022120449 A1 WO2022120449 A1 WO 2022120449A1 BR 2021050530 W BR2021050530 W BR 2021050530W WO 2022120449 A1 WO2022120449 A1 WO 2022120449A1
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Prior art keywords
agricultural
formation
triangle
equipment
tractor
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PCT/BR2021/050530
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French (fr)
Portuguese (pt)
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Nury Jafar Abboud
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Nury Jafar Abboud
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Publication of WO2022120449A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022120449A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B23/00—Elements, tools, or details of harrows
    • A01B23/04—Frames; Drawing-arrangements
    • A01B23/046—Specially adapted for harrows with rotating tools

Definitions

  • this Utility Model refers to a trailing agricultural implement that consists of metallic cylinders (7) with rods that have a cutting angle, usually distributed in the form of a thread, in order to punch like small hoes that plow the earth and distribute the material turned in such a way as to obtain the leveling of the ground and the bedding of the vegetation used as cover;
  • the cylinders (7) are joined to each other through their tension-resistant handles, and joined to the 6-rod (5) and 4-rod (4) chains by connectors and pins, locked by screws and nuts; Containing in the center of the composition, and according to its size, between the sections spaced swivels with rods (8).
  • the present utility model patent descriptive report concerns Formations to Plow the Surface Layer of Land Using Drag Agricultural Modular Implement and Respective Components, from now on called Agricultural Formation, which was developed to meet specific agricultural activities in areas of compatible dimensions is to turn the surface layer of the soil, leveling and/or incorporating correctives and fertilizers, as well as reducing compaction to increase porous spaces and increase permeability and air and Water.
  • the Agricultural Formation consists of cylinders provided with knives, swivels, couplings and central axis equipped with knives, highlighting that the set formed by all these components is fixed in the couplings of two tractors, one on each side, which will pull the Agricultural Formation previously determined in accordance with each area.
  • Each Agricultural Formation as stated above, is pulled by two tractors, one on each side of the Formation and are defined according to planning according to the size of the area and the type of culture, the forms of assembly being triangular in three versions and Losango in two versions, all of them using central axis.
  • the productivity obtained, as well as the operational speed developed by the Agricultural Formation corresponds to the fact that it is assembled in modules according to the work to be performed and also to the size of the area to be plowed or treated.
  • the Agricultural Formation is characterized by being presented in different forms of assembly, highlighting the Triangular Agricultural Formation in three versions, Triangulo Para Frente and Triangulo Para Trás; and the Trioptigulo Grande Agricultural Formation, and finally the Losango Agricultural Formation in two versions, Losango Simples and Losango Grande.
  • the Triangle Para Frente Formation as its name says, has a triangle shape and the tip of the triangle is coupled to the tail of the tractor.
  • the Triangle Para Trás Formation is characterized because the central axle of the equipment is coupled to the tail of the tractor and the cylinders work behind the axle, forming a triangle behind the rear axle.
  • the equipment can be connected to other equipment forming a larger triangle by doubling the work area, this union of the equipment is made with a rod that starts from the tip, where the equipment is coupled to the tractor and goes to the meeting of the equipment, keeping them together during all the work in the field.
  • the Losango Simples Formation uses cylinders and a rotating central axis, according to its name, it has the shape of a diamond and is coupled to the tractor that maintains this geometric shape during the development of this particular service.
  • the equipment In the Losango Grande Formation, the equipment is mounted with the central axis, maintaining the shape of a diamond and with a crossbeam that supports the two ends of the diamond forming a cross, so the equipment will be supported at 4 points of the diamond.
  • the components used in the Agricultural Formation they are the cylinders, swivels, couplings and central axis.
  • the single or double cylinders, part of the set of components, correspond to the implements will open the furrows and will turn the surface layer of the soil, leveling and/or incorporating correctives and fertilizers as it is according to development , featuring welded knives and helically positioned in two directions, "left and right” or “clockwise and counterclockwise”.
  • the swivels correspond to the components intended to ensure that the rotational movement of the cylinders is not impaired by lumps along the Agricultural Formation, and they are presented under different models, highlighting the swivel without bearings and with grease capsule and the swivel with conical bearings.
  • the hitch corresponds to the connecting element between the tractor and the Agricultural Formation and is called the front hitch and is equipped with bearings.
  • the central axis corresponds to the tubular structure equipped with trapezoidal knives, which, according to the chosen Agricultural Formation, is coupled to the tail of the tractor or at the beginning of the curved part of the rhombus or forming a cross using a crossbeam.
  • Figure 1 Represents a side view of a tractor pulling an Agricultural Formation.
  • Figure 2 Illustrates a perspective view of a single coupling cylinder.
  • Figure 3 Shows a perspective view of a double hitch cylinder.
  • Figure 4 Corresponds to the perspective view of a swivel without bearings and with a grease cap.
  • Figure 5 Refers to the perspective view of a swivel with conical bearings;
  • Figure 6 Represents a top view of the front hitch with bearings.
  • Figure 7 Corresponds to the central axis perspective view.
  • Figure 8 Shows a top view of a triangle-modulated assembly forward, with the tip attached to the tail of the tractor;
  • Details A/B Represent respectively the front hitch with bearings and the swivel without bearing for mounting this equipment in a triangle format;
  • Figure 9 Refers to the top view of the Agricultural Formation in Triangle backwards, where the central axis is coupled to the tractor tail and the cylinders work behind the axis, forming a triangle, with the following details: Detail A: Illustrates a view of the double hitch; Detail B: Shows the Swivel without bearing, Detail /C represents the Swivel without bearing with grease cap, and Detail D corresponds to the side view of the Swivel with tapered bearings.
  • Figure 10 Illustrates a top view of the Agricultural Formation in a diamond shape, which is mounted with the central axis maintaining this shape, and Details A/B/C which respectively represent the swivel with conical bearings; The Swivel with grease capsule and the Swivel without bearings.
  • the Agricultural Formation (1) was developed to meet specific agricultural activities in areas of compatible dimensions is to perform the turning of the surface layer of the soil, leveling and/or incorporating correctives and fertilizers, as well as reducing compaction to increase pore spaces and increase air and water permeability and storage.
  • the Agricultural Formation (1) consists of cylinders (2) provided with knives, swivels without bearings (3) and swivels with conical bearings (4) and swivels without bearings and with grease capsule (5), couplings (6) and central axle (6) equipped with knives, highlighting that the set formed by all these components is fixed to the couplings (6) of two tractors, one on each side, which will pull the Agricultural Formation (1) previously determined in accordance with each area, since it is assembled in modules and works in six different ways, being produced by several cylinders (2) that are connected to each other and around these cylinders are welded trapezoidal-shaped knives, following a helical sequence, starting from the center, in two directions in the helical shape: "left and right" or clockwise and anti-clockwise.
  • the implement can be mounted in various sizes ranging from 1 meter working range to 15 meters working range.
  • the position of the knives around the cylinder can also be modified according to the type of work that will be carried out, for this, from manufacturing, the knives can have an aligned position around the cylinders, with an inclination of 25 degrees and thus changing the ground attack, in the aligned format, the knives can make a cut in the soil profile, producing a greater upturn.
  • the components correspond to single or double cylinders (2), three types of swivels (3) and (4) and (5), couplings (6) and central axis (7), highlighting that the cylinders (2 ), single or double, which are part of the set of components, correspond to the implements that will open the furrows and will turn the surface layer of the soil, leveling and/or incorporating correctives and fertilizers, as and according to development, having welded knives and helically positioned in two directions, "left and right” or "clockwise and counterclockwise”.
  • the Swivels (3), (4) and (5) correspond to the components intended to ensure that the rotational movement of the cylinders is not harmed by lumps along the Agricultural Formation (1 ), and the they are presented under different models, highlighting the swivel without bearings (3) and with grease capsule (5) and the swivel with conical bearings (4).
  • the Coupling (6) corresponds to the connection element between the tractor and the Agricultural Formation (1) and is called the front coupling and equipped with bearings and the Central Axle (7) corresponds to the tubular structure equipped with trapezoidal knives, which is according to Agricultural Formation (1) chosen, it is coupled to the tail of the tractor or at the beginning of the curved part of the rhombus or forming a cross using a crossbeam.
  • the implement can be assembled in different formats which can have different geometric shapes, such as Triangular Agricultural Formation in three versions, Forward Triangle and Back Triangle and finally the Large Triangle Agricultural Formation , and the Losango Agricultural Formation in two versions, Losango Simples and Losango Grande,
  • the Triangle Para Frente Formation as its name says, has a triangle shape and the tip of the triangle is coupled to the tail of the tractor.
  • the Triangulo Para Trás Formation is characterized because the central axis (7) of the equipment is coupled to the tail of the tractor and the cylinders (2) work behind the axis, forming a triangle behind the rear axis.
  • the equipment can be connected to other equipment forming a larger triangle by doubling the work area, this union of the equipment is made with a rod that starts from the tip, where the equipment is coupled to the tractor and goes to the meeting of the equipment, keeping them together during all the work in the field.
  • the Losango Simples Formation uses cylinders (2) and a rotating central axis, according to its name, it has the shape of a diamond and is coupled to the tractor that maintains this geometric shape during the development of this particular service.
  • the equipment is mounted with the central axis, maintaining the shape of a diamond and with a crossbeam that supports the two ends of the diamond forming a cross, so the support of the equipment will be at 4 points of the diamond.
  • each component is produced entirely in 1045 and 5160 carbon steel, all cylinder parts are welded with mig weld with welding stroke speed adjusted in order to maintain the temper and strength of the steel.
  • the knives have a trapezoidal shape with a base larger than the top, the pins that make the connection between one cylinder and another are forged to take a curved shape to connect one cylinder to the other, making it possible to increase or decrease a session and, with this, regulate the cutting action of the knives.
  • Another option for coupling between the cylinders (2) is by welding on the ends of the cylinders plates with double and single eyes that are connected using a pin and cotter pin.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
  • Agricultural Machines (AREA)

Abstract

The present utility model patent relates to formations for tilling the surface layer of ground using a towed modular agricultural implement and respective components (1) and was developed to perform specific agricultural activities in areas with compatible dimensions and for turning over the surface layer of the soil, levelling and/or incorporating soil improvers and fertilizers, and also reducing compaction in order to increase pore space and enhance permeability and storage of air and water. The invention is characterized in that it is assembled in modules in various assembly formats, including the triangular agricultural formation in three versions: triangle at the front, triangle at the rear and the large triangle agricultural formation, and the diamond agricultural formation in two versions: simple diamond and large diamond.

Description

FORMAÇÕES PARA ARAR A CAMADA SUPERFICIAL DE TERRENO USANDO IMPLEMENTO MODULAR AGRÍCOLA DE ARRASTO E RESPECTIVOS FORMATIONS TO PLOW THE SURFACE LAYER OF LAND USING MODULAR AGRICULTURAL DRAWING IMPLEMENT AND THEIR RESPECTIVE
COMPONENTES COMPONENTS
Campo da Invenção Field of Invention
[001 ] O campo de aplicação desta Formação Agrícola é no campo da agropecuária, tanto na lavoura como na pecuária, principalmente em grandes áreas, visando atender atividades agrícolas específica ao realizar o revolvimento da camada superficial do solo, nivelando e/ou incorporando corretivos e fertilizantes. [001 ] The field of application of this Agricultural Formation is in the field of agriculture, both in farming and livestock, mainly in large areas, aiming to meet specific agricultural activities by performing the turning of the surface layer of the soil, leveling and/or incorporating correctives and fertilizers.
Fundamentos da invenção Fundamentals of the invention
[002] Em função dos elementos conhecidos no Estado da Técnica e visando a colocação no mercado de um produto revestido com características próprias, foi realizada uma pesquisa no Banco de dados do INRI - Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial e nelas foram encontrados os seguintes documentos: [002] Due to the elements known in the State of the Technique and aiming at placing on the market a coated product with its own characteristics, a search was carried out in the INRI - National Institute of Industrial Property database and the following documents were found in them:
[003] PI0902367-4 depositada em 08/07/2009 e publicada 23/08/2014 sob o título de "IMPLEMENTO AGRÍCOLA DE ARRASTO", trata- se de um equipamento a ser utilizado na preparação de terreno para plantio, onde dois tratores irão arrastar o equipamento (Fig.05) especialmente constituído por cilindros rotativos (Figuras 01 e 02), que irão provocar a reincorporação do material orgânico ao solo, ao mesmo tempo nivelando o terreno e preparando-o para a semeadura que se dará logo em seguida, aproveitando- se da umidade ainda contida na terra para melhorar a condição de germinação das sementes. [003] PI0902367-4 filed on 07/08/2009 and published on 08/23/2014 under the title "AGRICULTURAL DRAWING IMPLEMENT", it is an equipment to be used in the preparation of land for planting, where two tractors will drag the equipment (Fig.05) specially made up of rotating cylinders (Figures 01 and 02), which will cause the reincorporation of the organic material into the soil, at the same time leveling the ground and preparing it for the sowing that will take place soon in then, taking advantage of the moisture still contained in the soil to improve the germination condition of the seeds.
[004] BR 20 2014 024289-4 depositada em 29/09/2014 e publicada em 11 /10/2016 sob o título de "IMPLEMENTO AGRÍCOLA DE ARRASTO", o presente Modelo de Utilidade refere-se a um implemento agrícola de arrasto que é constituído por cilindros metálicos (7) com hastes que possuem um ângulo de corte, neles usualmente distribuídas na forma de rosca, de modo a puncionar como pequenas enxadas que aram a terra e distribuem o material revolvido de tai forma a obter-se o nivelamento do solo e o acamamento da vegetação usada como cobertura; Os cilindros (7) são unidos uns aos outros através de suas alças resistentes a tensão, e unidos as correntes de 6 hastes (5) e 4 hastes (4) por conectores e pinos, travados por parafusos e porcas; Contendo no centro da composição, e conforme seu tamanho, entre as seções espaçadamente destorcedores com hastes (8). Uma vez montada a composição, ambos os lados são unidos por correntes comuns que contém em suas extremidades um engate com rolamentos (1 2), que permite o atrelamento aos dois tratores que puxarão o implemento (Figura 01 ). [004] BR 20 2014 024289-4 filed on 09/29/2014 and published on 10/11/2016 under the title "AGRICULTURAL DRAWING IMPLEMENT", this Utility Model refers to a trailing agricultural implement that consists of metallic cylinders (7) with rods that have a cutting angle, usually distributed in the form of a thread, in order to punch like small hoes that plow the earth and distribute the material turned in such a way as to obtain the leveling of the ground and the bedding of the vegetation used as cover; The cylinders (7) are joined to each other through their tension-resistant handles, and joined to the 6-rod (5) and 4-rod (4) chains by connectors and pins, locked by screws and nuts; Containing in the center of the composition, and according to its size, between the sections spaced swivels with rods (8). Once the composition is assembled, both sides are joined by common chains that contain at their ends a coupling with bearings (1 2), which allows coupling to the two tractors that will pull the implement (Figure 01 ).
[005] Sendo assim, o presente relatório descritivo de Patente de Modelo de Utilidade, diz respeito a Formações Para Arar a Camada Superficial de Terreno Usando Implemento Modular Agrícola de Arrasto e Respectivos Componentes, de agora em diante denominado de Formação Agrícola, o qual foi desenvolvido para atender atividades agrícolas específica em áreas de dimensões compatíveis é realizar o revolvimento da camada superficial do solo, nivelando e/ou incorporando corretivos e fertilizantes, bem como reduzindo a compactação para aumentar os espaços porosos e elevar a permeabilidade e o armazenamento de ar e água. [005] Therefore, the present utility model patent descriptive report concerns Formations to Plow the Surface Layer of Land Using Drag Agricultural Modular Implement and Respective Components, from now on called Agricultural Formation, which was developed to meet specific agricultural activities in areas of compatible dimensions is to turn the surface layer of the soil, leveling and/or incorporating correctives and fertilizers, as well as reducing compaction to increase porous spaces and increase permeability and air and Water.
[006] Desta forma, para atender as finalidades previstas, a Formação Agrícola é constituída por cilindros providos de facas, destorcedores, engates e eixo central dotado com facas, destacando-se que o conjunto formado por todos estes componentes é fixado nos engates de dois tratores, um de cada lado, que puxarão a Formação Agrícola previamente determinada em conformidade com cada área. [006] In this way, to meet the intended purposes, the Agricultural Formation consists of cylinders provided with knives, swivels, couplings and central axis equipped with knives, highlighting that the set formed by all these components is fixed in the couplings of two tractors, one on each side, which will pull the Agricultural Formation previously determined in accordance with each area.
[007] Cada Formação Agrícola, conforme dito acima, é puxada por dois tratores, um de cada lado da Formação e são definidas conforme planejamento em função do tamanho da área e do tipo de cultura, sendo as formas de montagem, triangular em três versões e Losango em duas versões, todas elas utilizando eixo central. [007] Each Agricultural Formation, as stated above, is pulled by two tractors, one on each side of the Formation and are defined according to planning according to the size of the area and the type of culture, the forms of assembly being triangular in three versions and Losango in two versions, all of them using central axis.
Avanço Tecnológico Technological progress
[008] A produtividade obtida, bem como a rapidez operacional desenvolvida pela Formação Agrícola corresponde ao fato de ser montada em módulos de acordo com o trabalho a ser realizado e também com o tamanho da área a ser arada ou tratada. [009] A Formação Agrícola é caracterizada por ser apresentada sob formas de montagem diversas, destacando-se a Formação Agrícola Triangular em três versões, Triangulo Para Frente e Triangulo Para Trás; e a Formação Agrícola Triângulo Grande, e finalmente a Formação Agrícola Losango em duas versões, Losango Simples e Losango Grande. [008] The productivity obtained, as well as the operational speed developed by the Agricultural Formation corresponds to the fact that it is assembled in modules according to the work to be performed and also to the size of the area to be plowed or treated. [009] The Agricultural Formation is characterized by being presented in different forms of assembly, highlighting the Triangular Agricultural Formation in three versions, Triangulo Para Frente and Triangulo Para Trás; and the Triângulo Grande Agricultural Formation, and finally the Losango Agricultural Formation in two versions, Losango Simples and Losango Grande.
[0010] A Formação Triangulo Para Frente, conforme seu nome diz, possui forma de triângulo e a ponta do triângulo é acoplada no rabicho do trator. [0010] The Triangle Para Frente Formation, as its name says, has a triangle shape and the tip of the triangle is coupled to the tail of the tractor.
[0011 ] A Formação Triangulo Para Trás é caracterizada porque o eixo central do equipamento é acoplado ao rabicho do trator e os cilindros trabalham atrás do eixo, formando um triângulo para trás do eixo posterior. [0011 ] The Triangle Para Trás Formation is characterized because the central axle of the equipment is coupled to the tail of the tractor and the cylinders work behind the axle, forming a triangle behind the rear axle.
[0012] Na Formação Triângulo Grande, o equipamento pode ser ligado a outro equipamento formando um triângulo maior dobrando a área de trabalho, essa união dos equipamentos é feita com uma haste que parte da ponta, onde o equipamento é acoplado ao trator e vai até o encontro dos equipamentos, mantendo os unidos durante todo o trabalho em campo. [0012] In the Triângulo Grande Formation, the equipment can be connected to other equipment forming a larger triangle by doubling the work area, this union of the equipment is made with a rod that starts from the tip, where the equipment is coupled to the tractor and goes to the meeting of the equipment, keeping them together during all the work in the field.
[0013] A Formação Losango Simples utiliza os cilindros e um eixo central rotativo, conforme seu nome, possui o formato de um losango e é acoplado ao trator que mantém essa forma geométrica durante o desenvolvimento desse determinado serviço. [0013] The Losango Simples Formation uses cylinders and a rotating central axis, according to its name, it has the shape of a diamond and is coupled to the tractor that maintains this geometric shape during the development of this particular service.
[0014] Na Formação Losango Grande, o equipamento é montado com o eixo central, mantendo a forma de um losango e com uma travessa que sustenta as duas pontas do losango formando uma cruz, assim a sustentação do equipamento será em 4 pontos do losango. Com relação aos componentes utilizados na Formação Agrícola, os mesmos são os cilindros, destorcedores, engates e eixo central. [0014] In the Losango Grande Formation, the equipment is mounted with the central axis, maintaining the shape of a diamond and with a crossbeam that supports the two ends of the diamond forming a cross, so the equipment will be supported at 4 points of the diamond. Regarding the components used in the Agricultural Formation, they are the cylinders, swivels, couplings and central axis.
[0015] Desta forma, os cilindros, simples ou duplos, integrantes do conjunto de componentes, correspondem aos implementos realizarão a abertura dos sulcos e farão o revolvimento da camada superficial do solo, nivelando e/ou incorporando corretivos e fertilizantes já que é conforme desenvolvimento, dispondo de facas soldadas e posicionadas em forma helicoidal em dois sentidos, "esquerda e direita" ou "horário e anti-horário”. [0015] In this way, the single or double cylinders, part of the set of components, correspond to the implements will open the furrows and will turn the surface layer of the soil, leveling and/or incorporating correctives and fertilizers as it is according to development , featuring welded knives and helically positioned in two directions, "left and right" or "clockwise and counterclockwise".
[0016] Os destorcedores correspondem aos componentes destinados a garantir que o movimento de rotação dos cilindros não seja prejudicado por embolamentos ao longo da Formação Agrícola, sendo que os mesmos são apresentados sob diversos modelos destacando-se o destorcedor sem rolamentos e com cápsula de graxa e o destorcedor com rolamentos cônicos. O Engate corresponde ao elemento de ligação entre o trator e a Formação Agrícola e é denominado de engate dianteiro e dotado com rolamentos. [0016] The swivels correspond to the components intended to ensure that the rotational movement of the cylinders is not impaired by lumps along the Agricultural Formation, and they are presented under different models, highlighting the swivel without bearings and with grease capsule and the swivel with conical bearings. The hitch corresponds to the connecting element between the tractor and the Agricultural Formation and is called the front hitch and is equipped with bearings.
[0017] O eixo central corresponde a estrutura tubular dotada de facas trapezoidais, o qual e de acordo com a Formação Agrícola escolhida, é acoplado ao rabicho do trator ou no início da parte curva do losango ou formando uma cruz com o uso de travessa. [0017] The central axis corresponds to the tubular structure equipped with trapezoidal knives, which, according to the chosen Agricultural Formation, is coupled to the tail of the tractor or at the beginning of the curved part of the rhombus or forming a cross using a crossbeam.
[0018] A utilização dos componentes e respectivos aperfeiçoamentos técnicos, bem como a utilização de formações de trabalho, proporcionam uma melhoria funcional e operacional, principalmente pelo fato de ser montado em módulos de acordo com o trabalho a ser realizado e também com o ângulo de trabalho das facas do equipamento, as quais não fazem um corte profundo no perfil de solo, bem como não desestabilizam a sua estrutura, que é a busca dos sistemas de plantio direto, além de ter um rendimento muito superior aos existente e uma manutenção muito mínima nessa comparação. [0018] The use of components and respective technical improvements, as well as the use of work formations, provide a functional and operational improvement, mainly because it is assembled in modules according to the work to be performed and also with the angle of work of the equipment's knives, which do not make a deep cut in the soil profile, as well as do not destabilize its structure, which is the search for no-till systems, in addition to having a much higher yield than the existing ones and very minimal maintenance in that comparison.
Breve descrição dos desenhos Brief description of drawings
[0019] Para se obter uma total e completa visualização de como é constituído o Implemento Agrícola, acompanham os desenhos ilustrativos anexo, aos quais se faz referências conforme segue [0019] In order to obtain a total and complete view of how the Agricultural Implement is constituted, follow the attached illustrative drawings, to which references are made as follows
Figura 1 : Representa vista lateral de um trator puxando uma Formação Agrícola. Figure 1: Represents a side view of a tractor pulling an Agricultural Formation.
Figura 2: Ilustra vista em perspectiva de um cilindro de engate simples. Figure 2: Illustrates a perspective view of a single coupling cylinder.
Figura 3: Mostra vista em perspectiva de um cilindro de engate duplo. Figure 3: Shows a perspective view of a double hitch cylinder.
Figura 4: Corresponde a vista em perspectiva de um destorcedor sem rolamentos e com cápsula de graxa. Figura 5: Refere-se a vista em perspectiva de um destorcedor com rolamentos cônicos;Figure 4: Corresponds to the perspective view of a swivel without bearings and with a grease cap. Figure 5: Refers to the perspective view of a swivel with conical bearings;
Figura 6: Representa vista superior do engate dianteiro com rolamentos. Figure 6: Represents a top view of the front hitch with bearings.
Figura 7: Corresponde a vista em perspectiva do eixo central. Figure 7: Corresponds to the central axis perspective view.
Figura 8: Mostra vista superior de montagem modulada em triângulo para frente, com a ponta acoplada no rabicho do trator; Detalhes A/B: Representam respectivamente o engate dianteiro com rolamentos e o destorcedor sem rolamento para montagem deste equipamento em formato de triângulo; Figure 8: Shows a top view of a triangle-modulated assembly forward, with the tip attached to the tail of the tractor; Details A/B: Represent respectively the front hitch with bearings and the swivel without bearing for mounting this equipment in a triangle format;
Figura 9: Refere-se a vista superior da Formação Agrícola em Triangulo para trás, onde o eixo central é acoplado ao rabicho do trator e os cilindros trabalham atrás do eixo, formando um triângulo, com os seguintes detalhes: Detalhe A: Ilustra vista do engate duplo; Detalhe B: Mostra o Destorcedor sem rolamento, o Detalhe /C representa o Destorcedor sem rolamento com capsula de graxa, e o Detalhe D corresponde à vista lateral do Destorcedor com rolamentos cônicos. Figure 9: Refers to the top view of the Agricultural Formation in Triangle backwards, where the central axis is coupled to the tractor tail and the cylinders work behind the axis, forming a triangle, with the following details: Detail A: Illustrates a view of the double hitch; Detail B: Shows the Swivel without bearing, Detail /C represents the Swivel without bearing with grease cap, and Detail D corresponds to the side view of the Swivel with tapered bearings.
Figura 10: Ilustra vista superior da Formação Agrícola em formato de Losango o qual é montado com o eixo central mantendo esse formato, e os Detalhes A/B/C os quais representam respectivamente, o Destorcedor com rolamentos cônicos; O Destorcedor com capsula de graxa e o Destorcedor sem rolamentos. Figure 10: Illustrates a top view of the Agricultural Formation in a diamond shape, which is mounted with the central axis maintaining this shape, and Details A/B/C which respectively represent the swivel with conical bearings; The Swivel with grease capsule and the Swivel without bearings.
Descrição da invenção Description of the invention
[0020] Conforme infere-se dos desenhos que acompanham e fazem parte integrante deste relatório, a Formação Agrícola (1) foi desenvolvida para atender atividades agrícolas específica em áreas de dimensões compatíveis é realizar o revolvimento da camada superficial do solo, nivelando e/ou incorporando corretivos e fertilizantes, bem como reduzindo a compactação para aumentar os espaços porosos e elevar a permeabilidade e o armazenamento de ar e água. [0020] As can be seen from the drawings that accompany and form an integral part of this report, the Agricultural Formation (1) was developed to meet specific agricultural activities in areas of compatible dimensions is to perform the turning of the surface layer of the soil, leveling and/or incorporating correctives and fertilizers, as well as reducing compaction to increase pore spaces and increase air and water permeability and storage.
[0021] Desta forma e para atender as finalidades previstas, a Formação Agrícola (1) é constituída por cilindros (2) providos de facas, destorcedores sem rolamentos (3) e destorcedores com rolamentos cônicos (4) e destorcedores sem rolamentos e com cápsula de graxa (5) , engates (6) e eixo central (6) dotado com facas, destacando-se que o conjunto formado por todos estes componentes é fixado nos engates (6) de dois tratores, um de cada lado, que puxarão a Formação Agrícola (1 ) previamente determinada em conformidade com cada área, já que a mesma é montada em módulos e trabalha em seis formas diferentes, sendo produzido por vários cilindros (2) que se conectam um ao outro e em torno desses cilindros são soldadas facas de formato trapezoidal, seguindo uma sequência helicoidal, à partir do centro, dois sentidos na forma helicoidal: "esquerda e direita' ou horário e anti-horário. [0021] In this way and to meet the intended purposes, the Agricultural Formation (1) consists of cylinders (2) provided with knives, swivels without bearings (3) and swivels with conical bearings (4) and swivels without bearings and with grease capsule (5), couplings (6) and central axle (6) equipped with knives, highlighting that the set formed by all these components is fixed to the couplings (6) of two tractors, one on each side, which will pull the Agricultural Formation (1) previously determined in accordance with each area, since it is assembled in modules and works in six different ways, being produced by several cylinders (2) that are connected to each other and around these cylinders are welded trapezoidal-shaped knives, following a helical sequence, starting from the center, in two directions in the helical shape: "left and right" or clockwise and anti-clockwise.
[0022] Por ser produzido em cilindros (2) que se conectam, o implemente pode ser montado em vários tamanhos que vão de 1 metro de faixa de trabalho a 15 metros de faixa de trabalho. A posição das facas em torno do cilindro também pode ser modificadas de acordo com o tipo de trabalho que irá realizar, para isso, a partir da fabricação, as facas podem ter uma posição alinhadas em tomo do cilindros, com uma inclinação de 25 graus e assim mudando o ataque ao solo, no formato alinhado, as facas podem fazer um corte no perfil do solo, produzindo um revolvimento maior. [0022] Because it is produced in cylinders (2) that connect, the implement can be mounted in various sizes ranging from 1 meter working range to 15 meters working range. The position of the knives around the cylinder can also be modified according to the type of work that will be carried out, for this, from manufacturing, the knives can have an aligned position around the cylinders, with an inclination of 25 degrees and thus changing the ground attack, in the aligned format, the knives can make a cut in the soil profile, producing a greater upturn.
[0023] Os componentes correspondem aos cilindros (2) simples ou duplos, três tipos de destorcedores (3) e (4) e (5) , engates (6) e eixo central (7), destacando-se que os cilindros (2) , simples ou duplos, integrantes do conjunto de componentes, correspondem aos implementos que realizarão a abertura dos sulcos e farão o revolvimento da camada superficial do solo, nivelando e/ou incorporando corretivos e fertilizantes já que e conforme desenvolvimento, dispondo de facas soldadas e posicionadas em forma helicoidal em dois sentidos, "esquerda e direita" ou "horário e anti-horário". [0023] The components correspond to single or double cylinders (2), three types of swivels (3) and (4) and (5), couplings (6) and central axis (7), highlighting that the cylinders (2 ), single or double, which are part of the set of components, correspond to the implements that will open the furrows and will turn the surface layer of the soil, leveling and/or incorporating correctives and fertilizers, as and according to development, having welded knives and helically positioned in two directions, "left and right" or "clockwise and counterclockwise".
[0024] Por sua vez, os Destorcedores (3), (4) e (5) correspondem aos componentes destinados a garantir que o movimento de rotação dos cilindros não seja prejudicado por embolamentos ao longo da Formação Agrícola (1 ), sendo que os mesmos são apresentados sob diversos modelos destacando-se o destorcedor sem rolamentos (3) e com cápsula de graxa (5) e o destorcedor com rolamentos cônicos (4). O Engate (6) corresponde ao elemento de ligação entre o trator e a Formação Agrícola (1 ) e é denominado de engate dianteiro e dotado com rolamentos e o Eixo Central (7) corresponde a estrutura tubular dotada de facas trapezoidais, o qual e de acordo com a Formação Agrícola (1 ) escolhida, é acoplado ao rabicho do trator ou no início da parte curva do losango ou formando uma cruz com o uso de travessa. [0024] In turn, the Swivels (3), (4) and (5) correspond to the components intended to ensure that the rotational movement of the cylinders is not harmed by lumps along the Agricultural Formation (1 ), and the they are presented under different models, highlighting the swivel without bearings (3) and with grease capsule (5) and the swivel with conical bearings (4). The Coupling (6) corresponds to the connection element between the tractor and the Agricultural Formation (1) and is called the front coupling and equipped with bearings and the Central Axle (7) corresponds to the tubular structure equipped with trapezoidal knives, which is according to Agricultural Formation (1) chosen, it is coupled to the tail of the tractor or at the beginning of the curved part of the rhombus or forming a cross using a crossbeam.
[0025] Com o uso dos componentes acima descritos, o implemento pode ser montado em diversos formatos os quais podem ter diferentes formas geométricas, tais como Formação Agrícola Triangular em três versões, Triangulo Para Frente e Triangulo Para Trás e finalmente a Formação Agrícola Triângulo Grande, e a Formação Agrícola Losango em duas versões, Losango Simples e Losango Grande, A Formação Triangulo Para Frente, conforme seu nome diz, possui forma de triângulo e a ponta do triângulo é acoplada no rabicho do trator. [0025] With the use of the components described above, the implement can be assembled in different formats which can have different geometric shapes, such as Triangular Agricultural Formation in three versions, Forward Triangle and Back Triangle and finally the Large Triangle Agricultural Formation , and the Losango Agricultural Formation in two versions, Losango Simples and Losango Grande, The Triangle Para Frente Formation, as its name says, has a triangle shape and the tip of the triangle is coupled to the tail of the tractor.
[0026] A Formação Triangulo Para Trás é caracterizada porque o eixo central (7) do equipamento é acoplado ao rabicho do trator e os cilindros (2) trabalham atrás do eixo, formando um triângulo para trás do eixo posterior. [0026] The Triangulo Para Trás Formation is characterized because the central axis (7) of the equipment is coupled to the tail of the tractor and the cylinders (2) work behind the axis, forming a triangle behind the rear axis.
[0027] Na Formação Triângulo Grande, o equipamento pode ser ligado a outro equipamento formando um triângulo maior dobrando a área de trabalho, essa união dos equipamentos é feita com uma haste que parte da ponta, onde o equipamento é acoplado ao trator e vai até o encontro dos equipamentos, mantendo-os unidos durante todo o trabalho em campo. [0027] In the Triângulo Grande Formation, the equipment can be connected to other equipment forming a larger triangle by doubling the work area, this union of the equipment is made with a rod that starts from the tip, where the equipment is coupled to the tractor and goes to the meeting of the equipment, keeping them together during all the work in the field.
[0028] A Formação Losango Simples utiliza os cilindros (2) e um eixo central rotativo, conforme seu nome, possui o formato de um losango e é acoplado ao trator que mantém essa forma geométrica durante o desenvolvimento desse determinado serviço. [0028] The Losango Simples Formation uses cylinders (2) and a rotating central axis, according to its name, it has the shape of a diamond and is coupled to the tractor that maintains this geometric shape during the development of this particular service.
[0029] Na Formação Losango Grande, o equipamento é montado com o eixo central, mantendo a forma de um losango e com uma travessa que sustenta as duas pontas do losango formando uma cruz, assim a sustentação do equipamento será em 4 pontos do losango. [0029] In the Losango Grande Formation, the equipment is mounted with the central axis, maintaining the shape of a diamond and with a crossbeam that supports the two ends of the diamond forming a cross, so the support of the equipment will be at 4 points of the diamond.
[0030] Quando em operação, todos os cilindros (2) são conectados um ao outro e formam uma sessão de vários tamanhos e essas sessões são conectadas pelas extremidades por destorcedores (3) (4) e (5) que permitem que todas essas sessões produzam, em contato com o solo, movimentos de rotação e impacto. [0031 ] A Formação Agrícola (1 ) é puxada por dois tratores e pode ser montada unindo os móduios e formando uma corrente, cada uma das pontas dessa corrente é acoplada a um trator formando uma forma de parábola. Os tratores trabalham paralelamente um ao outro e o espaço entre eles é processado pelos cilindros com as facas fazendo o revolvimento do solo. [0030] When in operation, all cylinders (2) are connected to each other and form a section of various sizes and these sections are connected at the ends by swivels (3) (4) and (5) which allow all these sections to produce, in contact with the ground, rotation and impact movements. [0031 ] The Agricultural Formation (1 ) is pulled by two tractors and can be assembled by joining the modules and forming a chain, each of the ends of this chain is coupled to a tractor forming a parabola shape. The tractors work parallel to each other and the space between them is processed by the cylinders with the knives turning the soil.
[0032] Quando da sua fabricação, cada componente é produzido inteiramente em aço carbono de 1045 e 5160, todas as partes do cilindro são soldadas com solda mig com velocidade de curso de solda ajustados de modo a manter a têmpera e a resistência do aço. As facas têm a forma trapezoidal com uma base maior que o topo, os pinos que fazem a conexão entre um cilindro e outro são forjados para ganhar o formato em curva para se conectar um cilindro ao outro, tornando possível aumentar ou diminuir uma sessão e, com isso, regular a ação de corte das facas. Outra opção de engate entre os cilindros (2) é soldando nas extremidades dos cilindros chapas com olhai duplo e simples que se conectam usando um pino e contra pino. [0032] When manufacturing, each component is produced entirely in 1045 and 5160 carbon steel, all cylinder parts are welded with mig weld with welding stroke speed adjusted in order to maintain the temper and strength of the steel. The knives have a trapezoidal shape with a base larger than the top, the pins that make the connection between one cylinder and another are forged to take a curved shape to connect one cylinder to the other, making it possible to increase or decrease a session and, with this, regulate the cutting action of the knives. Another option for coupling between the cylinders (2) is by welding on the ends of the cylinders plates with double and single eyes that are connected using a pin and cotter pin.
Conclusão Conclusion
[0033] Verifica-se por tudo aquilo que foi descrito e ilustrado que se trata de Formações Para Arar a Camada Superficial de Terreno Usando Implemento Modular Agrícola de Arrasto e Respectivos Componentes, (1 ), a qual se enquadra perfeitamente dentro das normas que regem a Patente de Modelo de Utilidade, devendo preencher importante lacuna existente no mercado, merecendo pelo que foi exposto e como consequência, o respectivo privilégio. [0033] It can be seen from all that has been described and illustrated that these are Formations for Plowing the Surface Layer of Land Using Modular Trawling Agricultural Implement and Respective Components, (1 ), which fits perfectly within the rules that govern the Utility Model Patent, which should fill an important gap in the market, deserving for what has been exposed and, as a consequence, the respective privilege.

Claims

REIVINDICAÇÕES
1 . FORMAÇÕES PARA ARAR A CAMADA SUPERFICIAL DE TERRENO USANDO IMPLEMENTO MODULAR AGRÍCOLA DE ARRASTO E RESPECTIVOS COMPONENTES”, o qual foi desenvolvido para atender atividades agrícolas específicas em áreas de dimensões compatíveis é realizar o revolvimento da camada superficial do solo, nivelando e/ou incorporando corretivos e fertilizantes, bem como reduzindo a compactação para aumentar os espaços porosos e elevar a permeabilidade e o armazenamento de ar e água, o mesmo é caracterizado por ser montado em módulos sob formas de montagem diversas, destacando-se a Formação Agrícola Triangular em três versões, Triangulo Para Frente , o qual possui a ponta do triângulo acoplada no rabicho do trator, e Triangulo Para Trás com o eixo central (7) do equipamento acoplado ao rabicho do trator e os cilindros trabalham atrás do eixo, formando um triângulo para trás do eixo posterior e a Formação Agrícola Triângulo Grande no qual o equipamento pode ser ligado a outro equipamento formando um triângulo maior dobrando a área de trabalho, essa união dos equipamentos é feita com uma haste que parte da ponta, onde o equipamento é acoplado ao trator e vai até o encontro dos equipamentos, mantendo- os unidos durante todo o trabalho em campo, e a seguir a Formação Agrícola em Losango possui duas versões, o Losango Simples, o qual utiliza os cilindros (2) e um eixo central rotativo (7), e é acoplado ao trator que mantém essa forma geométrica, e o Losango Grande, que é montado com o eixo central (7), mantendo a forma de um losango, com uma travessa que sustenta as duas pontas, formando uma cruz, assim a sustentação do equipamento será em 4 pontos do losango. 1 . FORMATION TO PLOW THE SURFACE LAYER OF LAND USING MODULAR AGRICULTURAL DRAWING IMPLEMENT AND RESPECTIVE COMPONENTS”, which was developed to meet specific agricultural activities in areas of compatible dimensions is to perform the turning of the surface layer of the soil, leveling and/or incorporating correctives and fertilizers, as well as reducing compaction to increase pore spaces and increase air and water permeability and storage, it is characterized by being assembled in modules under different assembly forms, highlighting the Triangular Agricultural Formation in three versions, Forward Triangle, which has the tip of the triangle coupled to the tail of the tractor, and the Back Triangle with the central axis (7) of the equipment coupled to the tail of the tractor and the cylinders work behind the axis, forming a triangle behind the axis and the Triângulo Grande Agricultural Formation in which the equipment can be connected to other equipment forming a triangle the largest doubling the work area, this union of the equipment is made with a rod that starts from the tip, where the equipment is coupled to the tractor and goes to the meeting of the equipment, keeping them together during all the work in the field, and the Following the Agricultural Formation in Losango has two versions, the Losango Simples, which uses cylinders (2) and a rotating central axis (7), and is coupled to the tractor that maintains this geometric shape, and the Losango Grande, which is mounted with the central axis (7), maintaining the shape of a rhombus, with a crossbeam that supports the two ends, forming a cross, thus the support of the equipment will be in 4 points of the rhombus.
PCT/BR2021/050530 2020-12-09 2021-12-01 Formations for tilling the surface layer of ground using a towed modular agricultural implement and respective components WO2022120449A1 (en)

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US2881581A (en) * 1957-01-24 1959-04-14 Minneapolis Moline Co Frame construction for tractor mounted implements
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