WO2022116590A1 - 一种转向架轴驱发电装置、转向架以及铁路车辆 - Google Patents

一种转向架轴驱发电装置、转向架以及铁路车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022116590A1
WO2022116590A1 PCT/CN2021/112412 CN2021112412W WO2022116590A1 WO 2022116590 A1 WO2022116590 A1 WO 2022116590A1 CN 2021112412 W CN2021112412 W CN 2021112412W WO 2022116590 A1 WO2022116590 A1 WO 2022116590A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bogie
power generation
plate
generation device
shaft
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/112412
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈学良
张金发
涂智文
徐勇
王丽娜
曾德凉
刘幻云
Original Assignee
中车长江车辆有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 中车长江车辆有限公司 filed Critical 中车长江车辆有限公司
Priority to AU2021391210A priority Critical patent/AU2021391210A1/en
Publication of WO2022116590A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022116590A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/50—Other details
    • B61F5/52—Bogie frames
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
    • B61C9/00—Locomotives or motor railcars characterised by the type of transmission system used; Transmission systems specially adapted for locomotives or motor railcars
    • B61C9/38—Transmission systems in or for locomotives or motor railcars with electric motor propulsion
    • B61C9/48—Transmission systems in or for locomotives or motor railcars with electric motor propulsion with motors supported on vehicle frames and driving axles, e.g. axle or nose suspension
    • B61C9/50—Transmission systems in or for locomotives or motor railcars with electric motor propulsion with motors supported on vehicle frames and driving axles, e.g. axle or nose suspension in bogies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
    • H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
    • H02K7/1861—Rotary generators driven by animals or vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of railway vehicles, and in particular, to a bogie shaft-driven power generation device, a bogie, and a railway vehicle.
  • the traditional centralized power supply method for locomotives is to conduct electric energy through the pantograph, and it is necessary to set up a power supply cable that runs through the train, and the electrical components required for railway freight cars are mostly various types of sensors, and the power consumption of electrical components is small.
  • the retrofit of the vehicle is still a new vehicle, and the cost is higher.
  • Other automatic power generation technologies at the shaft end of the bogie are difficult to adapt to the K4 and K5 bogies of the main types of general railway freight cars in my country. Therefore, a self-generating device for railway wagons with good adaptability, easy maintenance and use is developed to solve the power supply problem of railway wagons.
  • the shaft-end power generation device in the prior art has the technical problems of low performance and reliability of the generator, and short service life.
  • the existing bogie needs to be structurally transformed during installation, and cannot be adapted to the structure of the existing bogie. .
  • a first aspect of the present disclosure provides a bogie shaft-driven power generation device, including a motor, a fixing mechanism, a driving pulley, a pulley assembly and a belt; wherein: the motor is mounted on the fixing mechanism, and the fixing mechanism It is connected with the side frame of the bogie and is located in the middle of the side frame; the driving wheel is mounted on the end of the wheel axle formed by the wheel pair of the bogie; the pulley assembly is arranged on the fixing mechanism , and is connected with the rotor of the motor; the belt is sleeved on the pulley assembly and the driving wheel.
  • the fixing mechanism includes a base and a fixing plate, the fixing plate is connected with the side frame; the base is used to install the motor, and the base is arranged on the fixing On the plate, a cantilever beam structure is formed.
  • the fixing plate includes an upper fixing plate and a lower fixing plate, the upper fixing plate is connected with the lower fixing plate to form an installation chamber, and the fixing plate passes through the installation chamber mounted on the side frame.
  • the fixing mechanism further includes a reinforcing seat, one end of the reinforcing seat is disposed on the side frame, and the other end is connected with the cantilever end of the machine base, so that the side frame, the machine The seat and the reinforcing seat form a triangular support structure.
  • the machine base includes a main plate and a side plate that are fixedly connected, the main plate is connected to the side frame through the lower fixing plate, and the side plate is connected to the reinforcing seat.
  • the pulley assembly includes a driven pulley, a fixed shaft, a bearing and an outer cover, the driven pulley is mounted on the fixed shaft through the bearing, and the driven pulley is connected to the belt through the belt.
  • the driving wheel is connected;
  • the fixing shaft is fixedly installed on the fixing mechanism;
  • the outer cover plate is rotatably connected with the fixing shaft, and the driven wheel and the rotor of the motor are respectively connected with the outer cover plate , to transmit torque.
  • the motor and the pulley assembly are respectively disposed on two sides of the fixing mechanism.
  • the fixed shaft is a hollow shaft, a mounting hole is opened in the fixing mechanism, and the rotor of the motor passes through the mounting hole and protrudes into one end of the fixed shaft;
  • the outer cover plate includes a plate member and a transmission shaft fixedly connected with the plate member, the plate member is fixedly connected with the driven wheel, the transmission shaft extends into the other end of the fixed shaft, and the transmission shaft is connected to the rotor connect.
  • the pulley assembly further includes an inner cover plate, the inner cover plate is disposed on the inner side of the outer cover plate, and is located between the outer end surface of the fixed shaft and the outer cover plate.
  • the bogie shaft-driven power generation device further includes a belt tensioning mechanism, a mounting plate is provided on the fixing mechanism, the belt tensioning mechanism is mounted on the mounting plate, and the belt tensions The tightening mechanism is located between the driving pulley and the pulley.
  • the belt tensioning mechanism includes an adjustment mechanism and a tensioning assembly, the adjustment mechanism is connected to the tensioning assembly through the base;
  • the tensioning assembly includes a tensioning arm and a guide pulley , the tensioning arm is rotatably mounted on the fixing mechanism to form a lever mechanism, the guide wheel is arranged at the resistance end of the tensioning arm, and the guide wheel is connected to the fixing mechanism or the bogie
  • the side frames are in rolling contact, and one side of the power end of the tensioning arm is pressed against the pulley component, and the other side is pressed against the adjustment mechanism.
  • the adjustment mechanism includes a screw rod, a nut and an elastic member, the screw rod is mounted on the mounting plate, one end of the screw rod is locked by the nut, and the other end abuts the tension arm , the elastic piece is sleeved on the screw rod, and the elastic piece is located between the mounting plate and the tensioning arm.
  • the adjustment mechanism further includes a spring washer sleeved on the screw rod, and the elastic member is located between the mounting plate and the spring washer.
  • the fixing mechanism further includes a backing plate, the backing plate is located on the inner side of the side frame, and the backing plate, the side frame and the lower fixing plate are connected by a connecting piece.
  • a bogie including the above-mentioned bogie shaft drive power generation device.
  • the fixing mechanism of the bogie axle drive power generation device is provided on the inclined arm of the side frame, and the inclined arm is located between the wheelset installation position and the bolster installation position.
  • a third aspect of the present disclosure provides a railway vehicle including the above bogie.
  • the motor of the bogie shaft-driven generator is installed on the fixing mechanism, and the fixing mechanism is connected with the side frame of the bogie and is located in the middle of the side frame.
  • the structural space of the bogie itself is fully utilized. , and does not need to transform the structure of the existing bogie;
  • the driving wheel is arranged at the end of the wheel shaft of the wheelset of the bogie, and rotates coaxially with the wheelset;
  • the pulley assembly is arranged on the fixing mechanism and is connected with the rotor of the motor;
  • the pulley assembly is connected with the driving pulley through a belt, and the wheel pair of the bogie drives the driving pulley to rotate.
  • the rotation of the driving pulley is transmitted to the pulley assembly through the belt, which can drive the motor rotor to rotate, thereby realizing power generation.
  • the power generation main body (motor and pulley assembly) of the bogie shaft-driven power generation device is connected with the side frame of the bogie through the fixing mechanism, and is located in the middle of the side frame, that is, at the wheelset installation position and the side frame. Between the bolster installation positions, it is an integrated arrangement.
  • the power generation device in the prior art is an extended installation method. The installation of the generator needs to change the existing side frame structure, lengthen one end of the side frame or weld the generator suspension support at the end of the side frame, which is not suitable for the structure of the existing bogie. .
  • the bogie shaft-driven power generation device When the bogie shaft-driven power generation device according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is applied to the existing bogie, since the integrated arrangement is adopted, it is arranged between the wheelset installation position and the bolster installation position, which can greatly reduce the power consumption of the shaft-driven power generation device. Occupy space, make full use of the existing structure of the bogie, and do not need to modify the existing bogie.
  • the bogie provided by the present disclosure with the above-mentioned shaft-driven power generation device When the bogie provided by the present disclosure with the above-mentioned shaft-driven power generation device is applied to an existing railway vehicle, the above-mentioned shaft-driven power generation device generates stable and reliable power generation, and the railway freight car is solved by using one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. power supply problems, and equipment maintenance costs are low.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the installation of a bogie shaft drive power generation device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a bogie shaft drive power generation device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a bogie shaft drive power generation device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a pulley of a bogie shaft drive power generation device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a frame of a bogie shaft-driven power generator according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of a bogie according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the present disclosure provides a bogie shaft drive power generation device.
  • the bogie shaft-driven power generation device may include a motor 6, a fixing mechanism 5, a driving pulley 2, a pulley assembly 7 and a belt 3; wherein: the motor 6 is installed on the fixing mechanism 5, and the fixing mechanism 5 is connected to the bogie.
  • the side frame 1 is located in the middle of the side frame 1.
  • the structural space of the bogie itself is fully utilized, and there is no need to modify the structure of the existing bogie;
  • the end of the wheel shaft rotates coaxially with the wheel pair;
  • the pulley assembly 7 is arranged on the fixing mechanism 5 and is connected with the rotor of the motor 6;
  • the pulley assembly 7 is connected with the driving wheel 2 through the belt 3, and is composed of the wheel pair of the bogie
  • the driving wheel 2 is driven to rotate, the rotation of the driving wheel 2 is transmitted to the pulley assembly 7 through the belt 3, and the rotor of the motor 6 is driven to rotate, thereby realizing power generation.
  • the power generation main body (the motor and the pulley assembly) is connected with the side frame 1 of the bogie through the fixing mechanism 5, and is located at the side frame 1
  • the middle part that is to say, between the wheelset installation position and the bolster installation position, is an integrated arrangement.
  • the power generation device in the prior art is an extended installation method. The installation of the generator needs to change the existing side frame structure, lengthen one end of the side frame or weld the generator suspension support at the end of the side frame, which is not suitable for the structure of the existing bogie. .
  • the space occupied by the shaft-driven power generation device is greatly reduced, the existing structure of the bogie is fully utilized, and the existing bogie does not need to be transformed. Therefore, the problems of the prior art that cannot be adapted to the existing bogie structure, the power generation performance is unstable, and the service life are short can be solved.
  • the above-mentioned shaft-driven power generator can generate stable and reliable power, can solve the power supply problem of railway freight cars, and has low equipment maintenance cost.
  • a bogie shaft-driven power generation device is provided.
  • the bogie shaft-driven power generation device is suitable for various railway freight car bogies.
  • the following is an example of a bogie applied to a three-piece bogie. Taking the bogie shaft drive power generation device as an example, the structure of the bogie shaft drive power generation device will be described in detail.
  • the bogie shaft drive power generation device may include a motor 6, a fixing mechanism 5, a driving pulley 2, a pulley assembly 7 and a belt 3;
  • the shaft rotates; the motor 6 is installed on the fixing mechanism 5, the motor 6 is arranged on the lower side of the side frame 1 through the fixing mechanism 5, the motor 6 is located between the driving wheel and the side frame 1, and is arranged in the driving wheel 2 close to the upper square hole of the side frame 1
  • the square hole 10 is the bolster installation position
  • the pulley assembly 7 is also arranged on the fixing mechanism 5 and is connected to the rotor of the motor 6; the pulley assembly 7 is connected with the driving wheel 2 through the belt 3, and the wheel pair drives.
  • the belt 3 transmits the rotation of the driving wheel 2 to the pulley assembly 7, and drives the rotor of the motor 6 to rotate, thereby realizing power generation.
  • the driving wheel 2 is fixed on the end of the axle with the original shaft end bolts, that is, the driving wheel 2 at the shaft end can provide the installation interface of the driving wheel 2 through the original three holes of the bearing end cover by using bolts, instead of It is necessary to change the structure of the three bogies.
  • the driving wheel 2 is fixedly connected to the axle. When the vehicle is towed, the axle rotates to bring power, and this power is transmitted to the pulley component 7 suspended under the side frame 1 of the bogie through the belt 3, and then transmitted to the generator 6.
  • the generator 6 and the pulley assembly 7 can be fixed under the side frame 1 by the fixing mechanism 5 .
  • the fixing mechanism 5 may include a base 52 and a lower fixing plate 54 , the base 52 is vertically arranged on the lower fixing plate 54 , and the lower fixing plate 54 is fixed to the lower part of the side frame 1 by bolts.
  • the fixing mechanism 5 may further include an upper fixing plate 53.
  • the lower fixing plate 54 is a flat plate and is fixed on the lower side of the middle of the side frame 1. In order to cover the fixing plate on the side frame 1, a groove matching the structure of the side frame 1 needs to be opened in the middle of the upper fixing plate 53.
  • an installation chamber is formed in the middle, and the size and structure of the installation chamber are determined by the structure of the side frame 1 .
  • the shape and size of the formed installation chamber are not limited, and it only needs to be fixed in accordance with the structure of the side frame 1 .
  • the upper fixing plate 53 and the lower fixing plate 54 are fastened by bolts and nuts to form an installation chamber, which is fixed on the side frame through the installation chamber, and the upper fixing plate 5 passes through the triangular hole on the side frame 1 11 is connected with the lower fixing plate 54, which can make the structure of the fixing mechanism more reasonable.
  • the motor is installed on the base 52 through the motor mounting seat.
  • the motor mounting seat has a flat boss. When installing, it is inserted into the side frame hole itself on the side frame.
  • the side frame hole is a triangular hole on the inclined arm, which can provide the fixed support of the generator. , the overall design is simple, reliable and low cost.
  • the base 52 may include a main board 521 and a side board 522 which are fixedly connected.
  • the side board 522 is arranged on the main board 521
  • the main board 521 is arranged on the side frame 1 through the lower fixing board 54 .
  • the main plate 521 is perpendicular to the lower fixing plate 54
  • the side plate 522 is perpendicular to the main plate 521
  • the adjustment hole 103 is formed on the side plate 522
  • the main plate 521 is formed with a plurality of holes.
  • the side frame 1 is provided with a wedge seat 8; the top of the wedge seat 8 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the side frame 1 , and the wedge seat 8 is provided with a key hole 9 .
  • the fixing mechanism may further include a reinforcing seat 51 for matching with the key hole 9 of the wedge seat 8 of the three-piece bogie.
  • One end of the reinforcing seat 51 is disposed on the side frame 1 and the other One end is connected to the cantilever end of the machine base 52 , so that the side frame 1 , the machine base 52 and the reinforcing base 51 form a triangular support structure.
  • the side plate 522 is connected with the reinforcing seat 51, the reinforcing seat 51 is fixed on the keyhole 9 of the side frame 1 by bolts, the main plate 521 is vertically welded on the lower fixing plate 54, and the reinforcing seat 51 is vertically welded on the side plate
  • the side frame 1, the frame 52 and the reinforcing seat 51 form a triangular support structure, which improves the mechanical strength of the fixing mechanism 5, so that the fixing mechanism 5 can withstand the traction force and impact brought by the generator 6 and the pulley 7 and the power transmission. force.
  • the fixing mechanism 5 may further include a backing plate 55, the backing plate 55 is located on the inner side of the side frame 1, the lower fixing plate 54 is fixed under the side frame 1 by bolts and nuts, and the bolts and nuts are connected The backing plate 55 , the side frame 1 and the lower fixing plate 54 .
  • the backing plate 55 can eliminate the disadvantage of easy loosening of the bolts caused by the uneven casting plane inside the side frame 1, so that the bolts fixing the lower fixing plate 53 can be flat and firm.
  • the pulley assembly 7 may include a driven pulley 71, a fixed shaft 72, a bearing 73 and an outer cover plate 74.
  • the driven pulley 71 is mounted on the fixed shaft 72 through the bearing 73, and the driven pulley 72 is connected with the driving pulley 2 through the belt 3;
  • the fixed shaft 72 is fixedly installed on the fixing mechanism 5;
  • the outer cover 74 is rotatably connected with the fixed shaft 72, and the driven wheel 71 and the rotor of the motor 6 are respectively connected with the outer cover 74 to transmit torque.
  • the rotor of the motor 6 does not need to carry the weight of the pulley assembly 7, so as to ensure the stable operation of the motor 6, the bogie shaft drive power generation device provided in this embodiment, the motor 6 and the The pulley assemblies 7 are respectively arranged on both sides of the fixing mechanism 5 .
  • the fixed shaft 72 is a hollow shaft, a mounting hole is opened in the fixing mechanism 5, and the rotor of the motor 6 passes through the mounting hole and extends into one end of the fixed shaft 72;
  • the plate is fixedly connected with the driven wheel 71 , the transmission shaft extends into the other end of the fixed shaft 72 , and the transmission shaft is connected with the rotor of the motor 6 .
  • the main board 521 is provided with mounting holes
  • the fixed shaft 72 is a hollow shaft, and is fixedly installed on the main board 521 of the machine base 52
  • the bearing 73 can be a double row deep groove ball bearing
  • the outer ring of the bearing 73 is connected to the The driving wheel 2 is in transition fit
  • the inner ring of the bearing 73 is in an interference fit with the fixed shaft 72 .
  • the outer cover plate 74 is arranged on the outer end face of the fixed shaft 72, and the transmission shaft of the outer cover plate 74 passes through the hollow shaft of the fixed shaft 72; the rotor of the motor 6 passes through the mounting hole on the base 52 and the hollow shaft of the fixed shaft 72 and The transmission shaft of the outer cover plate 74 is connected by a key to realize the connection between the outer cover plate 74 and the rotor of the motor 6 .
  • the outer cover 74 and the driven wheel 71 are fixed together with bolts, and the outer cover 74, the fixed shaft 72 and the driven wheel 71 form a sealed cavity, which can prevent dust and debris from entering the moving part. Therefore, the outer cover plate not only acts as a seal, but also transmits torque.
  • the torque transmission path is as follows: the belt 3 transmits the power of the driving pulley 2 to the driven pulley 71, and the driven pulley 71 then transmits the power torque to the outer cover plate through bolts. 74.
  • the end of the transmission shaft on the outer cover plate 74 is keyed to the rotor of the generator 6, so as to realize the transmission of torque, drive the rotor to rotate, and realize power generation.
  • the driven wheel is installed through a hollow shaft, the hollow shaft is fixed on the fixing mechanism, the weight of the motor and the pulley components are carried by the fixing mechanism, and the motor rotor does not carry the weight, which can improve the reliability and service life of the motor.
  • the pulley assembly 7 may further include an inner cover plate 75 .
  • the inner cover plate 75 is arranged on the inner side of the outer cover plate 74 , and is located on the outer end surface of the fixed shaft 72 and the outer cover plate 74 . between.
  • the belt tensioning mechanism 4 can be provided under the side frame 1, the belt tensioning mechanism is provided on the side frame through the mounting plate provided on the fixing mechanism, and the belt tensioning mechanism is located between the driving pulley and the between the pulleys.
  • the belt tensioning mechanism 4 can compress the belt 3 to provide the tensioning force of the belt 3 .
  • the belt tensioning mechanism 4 can make the installation of the belt 3 easier.
  • the belt tensioning mechanism 4 can be installed on the side frame 1 through the mounting plate provided on the fixing mechanism 5 , and the belt tensioning mechanism 4 is located between the driving pulley 2 and the pulley assembly 7 .
  • the side plate 522 can be used as the mounting plate, one end of the belt tensioning mechanism 4 is arranged on the fixing mechanism 5 , and one end is in contact with the belt 3 . After the belt 3 is installed, the belt tensioning mechanism 4 increases the frictional force between the belt 3 and the driving pulley 2 and the pulley assembly 7 .
  • the belt tensioning mechanism 4 includes an axially rotatable tensioning assembly 42 and a longitudinally movable adjustment mechanism 41 .
  • the belt tensioning mechanism may further include an adjusting mechanism and a tensioning assembly, and the adjusting mechanism is connected to the tensioning assembly through the machine base;
  • the tensioning assembly 42 may further include a tensioning arm 421 and a guide wheel 422,
  • the tensioning arm 421 is rotatably mounted on the fixing mechanism 5 to form a lever mechanism, the guide wheel 422 is arranged at the resistance end of the tensioning arm 421, and the guide wheel 422 is in rolling contact with the fixing mechanism 5 or the side frame 1 of the bogie, and the tensioning arm
  • One side of the power end of 421 presses against the pulley composition 7, and the other side presses against the adjustment mechanism 41.
  • the guide pulley 422 is disposed on one end of the tensioning arm close to the belt 3 , one side of the power end of the tensioning arm 421 presses against the driven pulley 71 , and the other side presses against the adjusting mechanism 41 .
  • the tensioning arm 421 can rotate around the axis through the hole on the main plate 521 to press or loosen the belt 3 .
  • the adjusting mechanism 41 may include a longitudinally extending screw 414, an elastic member 412 and a nut 411.
  • the screw 414 is mounted on the mounting plate, one end of the screw 414 is locked by the nut 411, and the other end is abutted against the tensioning arm 421.
  • the elastic member 412 is sleeved on the mounting plate. on the screw 414 , and the elastic piece 412 is located between the mounting plate and the tensioning arm 421 .
  • one end of the adjusting mechanism 41 is disposed on the base 52 , and the other end abuts the lower part of the tensioning arm 421 , and the pre-compression force of the elastic member 412 is adjusted by the movement of the nut 411 .
  • one end of the screw rod 414 passes through the base 52 through which the adjustment hole 103 on the side plate 522 passes, and the other end of the screw rod 414 is in contact with the tensioning arm 421;
  • the elastic member 412 is a spring sleeved on the screw rod 414;
  • the nut 411 is an adjusting nut that is threadedly matched with the screw rod 414 .
  • the adjustment mechanism 41 may further include a spring washer 413 sleeved on the screw rod 414, the elastic member 412 is located between the side plate 522 and the spring washer 413, and the elastic member 412 passes through the spring The pad 413 is fixed to the base 52 .
  • the spring pad 413 sleeved on the screw rod 414 and the compression spring of the base 52 provide pre-compression force. Under the action of the elastic force of the spring, one end of the screw rod 414 presses against the tensioning arm 421 longitudinally. The tension arm 421 is restricted and guided to rotate around the axis in the hole 101 by the guide hole 102 . At this time, the guide pulley 422 presses the belt 3 and also has the function of guiding the belt 2 .
  • the bogie shaft-driven power generation device can be applied to various railway freight car bogies, and is not limited to the three-piece bogie involved in FIG. 1 .
  • the motor is installed on the side of the wheel away from the side frame.
  • the installation of the generator needs to change the existing side frame structure, lengthen one end of the side frame or weld the generator suspension support at the end of the side frame. Adapt to the structure of the existing bogie.
  • the shaft end driving wheel 2 can provide the installation interface of the driving wheel 2 through the original three holes on the bearing end cover by using bolts; the motor 6 is directly installed on the side frame 1, the side frame 1 provides the fixed support of the power generation device, and the overall design is simple, reliable and low in cost.
  • the stator and the rotor are fixed separately. Due to the axial transmission and radial runout of the axle and the bearing saddle during operation, the gap between the stator and the rotor changes, which affects the performance and reliability of the generator; at the same time, the above-mentioned
  • the overall weight of the generator is carried by the rotor and is directly connected to the axle end of the axle, increasing the weight of the axle will affect the running performance, and the direct connection between the rotor and the axle end, the generator and the axle have no buffer, affecting its reliability and service life.
  • the components other than the driving wheel 2 are all installed under the bogie through the fixing mechanism 5, and the acting force is in the same direction as the gravity, so that the bogie shaft-driven power generation device has a high performance. Strong stability; at the same time, the pulley assembly 7 and the motor 6 are respectively arranged on both sides of the fixing mechanism 5 to form a fixed balance and further improve the stability.
  • the motor 6 is integrally installed, and the outer shaft end cover 74 of the pulley assembly 7 is connected with the gap of the motor 6, so that the separation of the driven pulley 71 and the rotor shaft of the motor 6 can be realized, and the rotor shaft of the motor 6 does not carry the pulley assembly 7. weight, the reliability and service life of the generator 6 can be improved.
  • a bogie in a second aspect of the present disclosure, can be any bogie in the prior art, such as a three-piece bogie, a frame bogie, and the like.
  • the bogie according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is also provided with the above-mentioned bogie shaft drive power generation device. Since the specific structure of the bogie is not improved, other structures of the bogie can be referred to. Existing technologies are not described here. Refer to the first aspect of the present disclosure for the specific structure of the bogie shaft-driven power generation device, which will not be repeated here.
  • the following takes the three-piece bogie as an example to further describe the bogie according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the three-piece bogie may include a bolster composition, a wheelset composition, a side frame composition, an axle box device, an elastic suspension system and a braking device, wherein: the side frame composition may include two side frames.
  • the cross-section of each part of the side frame is made into a trough or hollow box, and there is a square hole 10 in the longitudinal center of the side frame.
  • the square hole 10 is the bolster installation position, which is used to install the bolster. It is the wheelset installation position, which is used to install the wheelset; the wheelset installation position and the bolster installation position are connected by the inclined arm 12.
  • Triangular holes 11 are provided on the inclined arms 12 on both sides of the bolster installation position, and the triangular holes 11 are located between the wheelset installation position and the bolster installation position; the axle box device connects the wheelset composition with the side frame composition, and the bolster
  • the composition connects two side frames 1; the side frame 1 is provided with a wedge seat 8; the top of the wedge seat 8 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the side frame 1, and the wedge seat 8 is provided with a key hole 9.
  • the bogie shaft-driven power generation device is arranged in the middle of the side frame 1
  • the fixing mechanism 5 is arranged between the wheelset installation position and the bolster installation position of the side frame 1
  • one end of the reinforcing frame 51 is installed on the stop key
  • one end is welded with the side plate 522 of the machine base 52
  • the main board 521 of the machine base 52 is welded on the lower fixing plate 54
  • the lower fixing plate 54 is vertically installed on the inclined arm 12 of the side frame 1 through bolts and nuts
  • the installation chamber between 53 and the lower fixing plate 54 passes through the triangular hole on the inclined arm 12, and is covered on the inclined arm 12.
  • the upper fixing plate 53 and the lower fixing plate 54 are fixed by bolts and nuts.
  • Components other than the fixing mechanism 5 The installation method and structure are the same as those in Embodiment 1, and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.
  • the bogie according to the embodiment of the present disclosure has the above-mentioned bogie shaft-driven power generation device, it also has the technical effect of the above-mentioned bogie shaft-driven power generation device.
  • the above-mentioned bogie shaft-driven power generation device can be installed without changing the original structure or adding installation holes, which can affect the solution of the power supply problem of railway freight cars, and the maintenance cost is high. low, and the power generation is stable and reliable.
  • a railway vehicle in a third aspect of the present disclosure, can be any existing railway vehicle, such as a general-purpose freight car such as a gondola car, a box car, and a flat car, or a special-purpose freight car such as a tank car, a refrigerated car, an ore car, a cement car, a live fish car, a special car, and a long-sized cargo.
  • the railway vehicle according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is equipped with the bogie according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, that is, all the bogies of the above-mentioned railway vehicle adopt the above-mentioned bogie.
  • One or part of the bogie is provided as the bogie described above. The specific usage form is not limited by the present disclosure.
  • the bogie shaft-driven power generation device can be fully adapted to the installation of the general main type bogie of railway freight cars in my country without changing the structure of the bogie, and is suitable for frame type and three-piece type It will have an impact on the structure of the bogie.
  • the driving wheel at the shaft end can provide the installation interface of the driving wheel through the original three holes on the bearing end cover by using bolts; the installation chamber of the fixing mechanism has a flat boss, which directly covers the existing three holes.
  • the side frame holes on the large bogie or the inclined arms of the bogie can provide fixed support for the generator, and the overall design is simple, reliable and low in cost.
  • the outer shaft end cover composed of the pulley is connected with the gap of the motor rotor, so as to realize the separation of the pulley and the rotor shaft of the motor, and the rotor shaft does not need to carry the weight of the pulley , improve generator reliability.
  • the motor is installed on the outside of the end of the bogie to the lower side of the middle of the side frame, and the bogie shaft-driven power generation device is arranged on the side through the fixing mechanism.
  • the middle part of the frame is integrated with the existing bogie; at the same time, a reinforced machine base is installed on the key hole of the side frame to fix the belt tensioning mechanism and the fixing mechanism, no need to expand the end space, and no need to change the original side frame Instead, it makes full use of the original structure of the side frame.

Abstract

一种转向架轴驱发电装置，转向架轴驱发电装置包括电机(6)、固定机构(5)、主动轮(2)、带轮组件(7)和皮带(3)；其中所述电机(6)安装在固定机构(5)上，固定机构(5)与转向架的侧架(1)连接，并且位于侧架(1)的中部；主动轮(2)安装在转向架的轮对组成的轮轴端部，带轮组件(7)设置在固定机构(5)上，并与电机(6)的转子连接；带轮组件(7)通过皮带(3)与主动轮(2)连接，减少了轴驱发电机装置的占位空间，不需要改造现有转向架，反而充分利用了其现有结构。还公开了一种具有转向架轴驱发电装置的转向架以及具有转向架的铁路车辆。

Description

一种转向架轴驱发电装置、转向架以及铁路车辆
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2020年12月1日提交、申请号为202011388877.4且名称为“一种转向架轴驱发电装置、转向架以及铁路车辆”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用合并于此。
技术领域
本公开内容涉及铁路车辆技术领域，尤其涉及一种转向架轴驱发电装置、转向架以及铁路车辆。
背景技术
现阶段我国铁路货车仍以机械技术为主，尚未实现电气化及自动化的应用，铁路货车一直处于无电状态。随着车辆载重及速度的提高，铁路运输安全日益严峻，虽然在保障运输安全方面进行了大量研究及应用，诸如采用地面红外系统对轴承温度的监测以及轨道自称重平台对车辆装载、超载及偏载等车辆状态进行检测，但这些措施都是固定、静态的，对于移动的车辆存在滞后、不连续的问题，不能实现在线实时动态检测。随着传感技术、故障监测及诊断等新技术的发展，铁路货车动态在线监测技术被提出并被逐步应用于铁路货运列车安全系统中，但应用这些新技术的前提必须解决铁路货车的供电问题。
传统的机车集中供电的方式是通过受电弓传导电能，需要设置贯通列车的供电线缆，且铁路货车用电所需的电气元件多为各类传感器，电气元件功耗小，无论是现有车辆的改造还是新造车辆，成本较高。其他的转向架轴端自动发电技术，难以适应我国通用铁路货车主型K4、K5转向架。因此开发一种适应性好、便于维护及使用的铁路货车自发电装置，解决铁路货车的供电问题。
现有技术中的轴端发电装置，存在发电机的性能和可靠性低、寿命短的技术问题，同时安装时需要对现有的转向架进行结构上的改造，不能适应既有转向架的结构。
发明内容
针对上述技术问题，有必要提供一种转向架轴驱发电装置、转向架以及铁路车辆，大大减少轴驱发电装置的占位空间，充分利用转向架的现有结构，而不需要对现有转向架进行改造。
本公开的第一方面，提供了一种转向架轴驱发电装置，包括电机、固定机构、主动轮、带轮组件和皮带；其中：所述电机安装在所述固定机构上，所述固定机构与所述转向架的侧架连接，并且位于所述侧架的中部；所述主动轮安装在所述转向架的轮对组成的轮轴端部；所述带轮组件设置在所述固定机构上，并且与所述电机的转子连接；所述皮带套装于所述带轮组件与所述主动轮上。
在一些实施方式中，所述固定机构包括机座和固定板件，所述固定板件与所述侧架连接；所述机座用于安装所述电机，所述机座设置在所述固定板件上，形成悬臂梁结构。
在一些实施方式中，所述固定板件包括上固定板和下固定板，所述上固定板与所述下固定板连接，构成一个安装腔室，所述固定板件通过所述安装腔室安装在所述侧架上。
在一些实施方式中，所述固定机构还包括加强座，所述加强座一端设置在所述侧架上、另一端与所述机座的悬臂端连接，以使所述侧架、所述机座与所述加强座构成三角形支撑结构。
在一些实施方式中，所述机座包括固定连接的主板和侧板，所述主板通过所述下固定板与所述侧架连接，所述侧板与所述加强座连接。
在一些实施方式中，所述带轮组件包括从动轮、固定轴、轴承和外盖板，所述从动轮通过所述轴承安装于所述固定轴上，并且所述从动轮通过所述皮带与所述主动轮连接；所述固定轴固定安装在所述固定机构上；所述外 盖板与所述固定轴转动连接，所述从动轮和所述电机的转子分别与所述外盖板连接，用以传递转矩。
在一些实施方式中，所述电机与所述带轮组件分别设置于所述固定机构的两侧。
在一些实施方式中，所述固定轴为空心轴，所述固定机构中开设有安装孔，所述电机的转子穿过所述安装孔、伸入所述固定轴的一端中；外盖板包括板件和与所述板件固连的传动轴，所述板件与所述从动轮固定连接，所述传动轴伸入所述固定轴的另一端中，并且所述传动轴与所述转子连接。
在一些实施方式中，所述带轮组件还包括内盖板，所述内盖板设置在所述外盖板的内侧，并且位于所述固定轴的外端面和所述外盖板之间。
在一些实施方式中，所述转向架轴驱发电装置还包括皮带张紧机构，所述固定机构上设置有安装板，所述皮带张紧机构安装在所述安装板上，并且所述皮带张紧机构位于所述主动轮和所述带轮组成之间。
在一些实施方式中，所述皮带张紧机构包括调节机构和张紧组件，所述调节机构穿过所述机座与所述张紧组件连接；所述张紧组件包括张紧臂和导轮，所述张紧臂转动安装于所述固定机构上，构成杠杆机构，所述导轮设置在所述张紧臂的阻力端，并且所述导轮与所述固定机构或者所述转向架的侧架滚动接触，所述张紧臂的动力端的其中一侧抵紧所述带轮组成、另一侧抵紧所述调节机构。
在一些实施方式中，所述调节机构包括螺杆、螺母和弹性件，所述螺杆安装于所述安装板上，所述螺杆的一端通过所述螺母锁紧、另一端抵接所述张紧臂，所述弹性件套装于所述螺杆上，并且所述弹性件位于所述安装板与所述张紧臂之间。
在一些实施方式中，所述调节机构还包括套装于所述螺杆上的弹簧垫，所述弹性件位于所述安装板与所述弹簧垫之间。
在一些实施方式中，所述固定机构还包括垫板，所述垫板位于所述侧架的内侧，所述垫板、所述侧架和所述下固定板通过一连接件连接。
本公开的第二方面，提供了一种转向架，包括上述的转向架轴驱发电装置。
在一些实施方式中，所述转向架轴驱发电装置的所述固定机构设置在所述侧架的斜臂上，所述斜臂位于轮对安装位与摇枕安装位之间。
本公开的第三方面，提供了一种铁路车辆，包括上述的转向架。
依据本公开实施例的转向架轴驱发电装置的电机安装在固定机构上，固定机构与转向架的侧架连接，并且位于侧架的中部，安装电机时，充分利用了转向架本身的结构空间，也不需要对现有转向架的架构进行改造；主动轮设置在转向架轮对的轮轴端部，与轮对同轴转动；带轮组件设置在固定机构上，并与电机的转子连接；带轮组件通过皮带与主动轮连接，由转向架的轮对组成带动主动轮转动，通过皮带将主动轮的转动传递给带轮组件，能够带动电机转子转动，从而实现发电。
依据本公开实施例的转向架轴驱发电装置的发电主体(电机和带轮组件)通过固定机构与转向架的侧架连接，并且位于侧架的中部，也就是说，位于轮对安装位与摇枕安装位之间，为集成式布置方式。而现有技术中的发电装置为拓展安装方式，发电机的安装需要更改现有侧架结构，加长侧架一端或在侧架端部焊接发电机悬挂支座，不适应既有转向架的结构。
依据本公开实施例的转向架轴驱发电装置应用于现有转向架上时，由于采用集成式布置方式，设置在轮对安装位与摇枕安装位之间，能够大大减少轴驱发电装置的占位空间，充分利用了转向架的现有结构，而不需要对现有转向架进行改造。
将本公开内容提供的带有上述轴驱发电装置的转向架应用于现有的铁路车辆时，上述轴驱发电装置发电稳定可靠，通过利用本公开内容的一个或多个实施方式解决了铁路货车的供电问题，并且设备维护成本低。
附图说明
图1示出了依据本公开内容的一个或多个实施方式的转向架轴驱发电装置的安装示意图；
图2示出了依据本公开内容的一个或多个实施方式的转向架轴驱发电装置的结构示意图；
图3示出了依据本公开内容的一个或多个实施方式的转向架轴驱发电 装置的结构示意图；
图4示出了依据本公开内容的一个或多个实施方式的转向架轴驱发电装置的带轮组成结构示意图；
图5示出了依据本公开内容的一个或多个实施方式的转向架轴驱发电装置的机座结构示意图；
图6示出了依据本公开内容的一个或多个实施方式的转向架的结构示意图。
附图标记：1-侧架；2-主动轮；3-皮带；4-皮带张紧机构；41-调节机构；411-螺母；412-弹性件；413-弹簧垫；414-螺杆；42-张紧臂组件，421-张紧臂；422-导轮；5-固定机构；51-加强座；52-机座；53-上固定板；54-下固定板；55-垫板；6-电机；7-带轮组成；71-带轮；72-固定轴；73-轴承；74-外盖板；75-内盖板；8-斜楔座；9-挡键孔；10-方形孔；11-三角形孔；12-斜臂。
具体实施方式
本公开内容为了使本申请所属技术领域中的技术人员更清楚地理解本申请，下面结合附图，通过具体实施例对本申请技术方案作详细描述。
为了解决现有技术中所存在的发电装置安装时需要对现有的转向架进行结构上的改造，不能适应既有转向架结构、同时发电机的性能和可靠性低、寿命短的技术问题，本公开内容提供了一种转向架轴驱发电装置。依据本公开内容的转向架轴驱发电装置可以包括电机6、固定机构5、主动轮2、带轮组件7和皮带3；其中：电机6安装在固定机构5上，固定机构5与转向架的侧架1，并且位于侧架1的中部，安装电机6时，充分利用了转向架本身的结构空间，也不需要对现有转向架的架构进行改造；主动轮2设置在转向架轮对的轮轴端部，与轮对同轴转动；带轮组件7设置在固定机构5上，并与电机6的转子连接；带轮组件7通过皮带3与主动轮2连接，由转向架的轮对组成带动主动轮2转动，通过皮带3将主动轮2的转动传递给带轮组件7，带动电机6转子转动，从而实现发电。
与现有技术相比，根据本公开内容的一些实施方式的转向架轴驱发电装置，发电主体(电机和带轮组件)通过固定机构5与转向架的侧架1连接， 并且位于侧架1的中部，也就是说，位于轮对安装位与摇枕安装位之间，为集成式布置方式。而现有技术中的发电装置为拓展安装方式，发电机的安装需要更改现有侧架结构，加长侧架一端或在侧架端部焊接发电机悬挂支座，不适应既有转向架的结构。大大减少了轴驱发电装置的占位空间，充分利用了转向架的现有结构，而不需要对现有转向架进行改造。因此能够解决现有技术的不能适应现有转向架结构、且发电性能不稳定、受用寿命短的问题。
将本公开内容提供的带有上述轴驱发电装置的转向架应用于现有的铁路车辆时，上述轴驱发电装置发电稳定可靠，可以解决铁路货车的供电问题，并且设备维护成本低。
在本公开内容的第一方面，提供了一种转向架轴驱发电装置，该转向架轴驱发电装置适用于多种铁路货车转向架，下面以一种应用于三大件式转向架上的转向架轴驱发电装置为例，对该转向架轴驱发电装置的结构作详细描述。
参见图1-图5，转向架轴驱发电装置可以包括电机6、固定机构5、主动轮2、带轮组件7和皮带3；主动轮2设置在轮对的轮轴端部，与轮对同轴转动；电机6安装在固定机构5上，电机6通过固定机构5设置在侧架1下侧，电机6位于主动轮和侧架1之间，设置在主动轮2靠近侧架1上方形孔10的一侧，方形孔10为摇枕安装位，带轮组件7也设置在固定机构5上，并于电机6的转子连接；带轮组件7通过皮带3与主动轮2连接，轮对带动主动轮2转动，皮带3将主动轮2的转动传递给带轮组件7，带动电机6转子转动，从而实现发电。
在一些实施例中，主动轮2用原轴端螺栓固定在车轴的端部，即轴端主动轮2通过轴承端盖原有的三个孔采用螺栓可提供主动轮2的安装接口，而不需要改变三大件转向架的结构。主动轮2与车轴固定连接，当车辆被牵引时，车轴转动带来动力，此动力通过皮带3传递到吊挂于转向架的侧架1下的带轮组成7，再传递给发电机6。
发电机6和带轮组成7可以由固定机构5固定在侧架1的下方。固定机构5可以包括机座52和下固定板54，机座52垂直设置在下固定板54上，下固定板54通过螺栓固定在侧架1的下部。为了保证运动过程中增强结构稳 定性，抵御外来冲击，在一些实施例中，固定机构5还可以包括上固定板53。所述下固定板54为平板，固定在侧架1中部的下侧，要想将固定板件包覆于侧架1上，上固定板53中部需要开设与侧架1结构匹配的凹槽，即上固定板53与下固定板54固定之后，中部会形成安装腔室，安装腔室的尺寸结构由侧架1结构决定。本实施例对形成的安装腔室的形状尺寸不做限定，与所述侧架1结构相匹配实现固定即可。在一些实施例中，上固定板53与下固定板54通过螺栓、螺母紧固形成一个安装腔室，通过安装腔室固定在侧架上，上固定板5穿过侧架1上的三角形孔11与下固定板54连接，能够使固定机构的结构更加合理。电机通过电机安装座安装在机座52上，电机安装座具有平面凸台，安装时嵌入侧架上本身具有的侧架孔，侧架孔为斜臂上的三角形孔，可提供发电机固定支撑，整体设计简单、可靠、成本低。
机座52可以包括固定连接的主板521和侧板522，侧板522设置在主板521上，主板521通过下固定板54设置在侧架1上。在一些实施例中，主板521垂直于下固定板54，侧板522垂直于主板521，侧板522上开有调节孔103，主板521上开设有多个孔。为了使机座52的结构强度得到保障，在一些实施例中的三大件式转向架，侧架1上设置有斜楔座8；斜楔座8的顶部对称设置在侧架1的两侧，且斜楔座8上开设有挡键孔9。在一些实施例中，固定机构还可以包括用于与该三大件式转向架的斜楔座8的挡键孔9相配合的加强座51，加强座51一端设置在侧架1上、另一端与机座52的悬臂端连接，以使侧架1、机座52与加强座51构成三角形支撑结构。在一些实施方式中，侧板522与加强座51连接，加强座51通过螺栓固定在侧架1的挡键孔9上，主板521垂直焊接在下固定板54上，加强座51垂直焊接在侧板522上，侧架1、机座52与加强座51构成三角形支撑结构，提高了固定机构5的机械强度，使固定机构5能够承受发电机6和带轮组成7以及动力传动带来的牵引力与冲击力。
为了保证连接平稳，在一些实施例中，固定机构5还可以包括垫板55，垫板55位于侧架1的内侧，下固定板54通过螺栓与螺母固定在侧架1下方，螺栓和螺母连接垫板55、侧架1和下固定板54。垫板55可以消除侧架1内部的铸造平面不平整而带来螺栓易松动的缺点，使得固定下固定板53的螺栓 能平整而牢固。
带轮组件7可以包括从动轮71、固定轴72、轴承73和外盖板74，从动轮71通过轴承73安装于固定轴72上，并且从动轮72通过皮带3与主动轮2连接；固定轴72固定安装在固定机构5上；外盖板74与固定轴72转动连接，从动轮71和电机6的转子分别与外盖板74连接，用以传递转矩。
为了实现电机转子与带轮组件7的间隙连接，同时使电机6的转子不用承载带轮组成7的重量，保证电机6运行的稳定，本实施例提供的转向架轴驱发电装置，电机6与带轮组件7分别设置于固定机构5的两侧。固定轴72为空心轴，固定机构5中开设有安装孔，电机6的转子穿过安装孔、伸入固定轴72的一端中；外盖板74包括板件和设置在板件中心且与板件固连的传动轴，板件与从动轮71固定连接，传动轴伸入固定轴72的另一端中，并且传动轴与电机6的转子连接。
在一些实施例中，主板521上设置有安装孔，固定轴72为空心轴，固定安装在机座52的主板521上，轴承73可以为双列深沟球轴承，轴承73的外圈与从动轮2过渡配合，轴承73的内圈与固定轴72过盈配合。外盖板74设置在固定轴72的外端面，外盖板74的传动轴穿过固定轴72的空心轴；电机6的转子穿过机座52上的安装孔和固定轴72的空心轴与外盖板74的传动轴键连接，实现外盖板74与电机6的转子连接。外盖板74与从动轮71用螺栓固定在一起，且外盖板74、固定轴72与从动轮71形成一个密封腔，可以防止灰尘及杂物进入运动部位。由此，外盖板既起到密封的作用，同时传递扭矩，扭矩传递路径为：皮带3将主动轮2的动力传递给从动轮71，从动轮71再将动力扭矩通过螺栓传递给外盖板74，外盖板74上的传动轴端与发电机6的转子键连接，从而实现扭矩的传递，带动转子转动，实现发电。本实施例通过空心轴安装从动轮，空心轴固定在固定机构上，电机和带轮组成部分重量均由固定机构承载，电机转子不承载重量，能够提高电机的可靠性和使用寿命。
为了进一步保证密封以及提高性能，在一些实施例中，带轮组件7还可以包括内盖板75，内盖板75设置在外盖板74的内侧，位于固定轴72的外端面和外盖板74之间。
在实际使用中，皮带3会随时间而出现变形，与主动轮2和带轮组成7的摩擦力降低，为了保证皮带3的张紧，便于安装皮带及调整皮带，在一些实施方式中，还可以在侧架1下方设置皮带张紧机构4，皮带张紧机构通过设置在所述固定机构上的安装板设置在所述侧架上，并且所述皮带张紧机构位于所述主动轮和所述带轮组成之间。皮带张紧机构4可以压紧皮带3，以提供所述皮带3的张紧力。而且此皮带张紧机构4可以使得皮带3的安装更加容易。
皮带张紧机构4可以通过设置在固定机构5上的安装板安装在侧架1上，并且皮带张紧机构4位于主动轮2和带轮组成7之间。为简化装置结构，可将侧板522作为该安装板，皮带张紧机构4一端设置在固定机构5上、一端与皮带3接触。皮带张紧机构4在皮带3安装完成后，增加皮带3与主动轮2和带轮组成7之间的摩擦力。
在一些实施方式中，皮带张紧机构4包括可以绕轴旋转的张紧组件42和可以纵向移动的调节机构41。所述皮带张紧机构还可以包括调节机构和张紧组件，所述调节机构穿过所述机座与所述张紧组件连接；张紧组件42还可以包括张紧臂421和导轮422，张紧臂421转动安装于固定机构5上，构成杠杆机构，导轮422设置在张紧臂421的阻力端，并且导轮422与固定机构5或者转向架的侧架1滚动接触，张紧臂421的动力端的其中一侧抵紧带轮组成7、另一侧抵紧调节机构41。在一些实施例中，导轮422设置在张紧臂上靠近皮带3的一端，张紧臂421动力端的其中一侧抵紧从动轮71，一另侧抵紧调节机构41。张紧臂421通过主板521上的孔实现绕轴转动，压紧或松开皮带3。
调节机构41可以包括纵向延伸的螺杆414、弹性件412和螺母411，螺杆414安装于安装板上，螺杆414的一端通过螺母411锁紧、另一端抵接张紧臂421，弹性件412套装于螺杆414上，并且弹性件412位于安装板与张紧臂421之间。在一些实施例中，调节机构41的一端设置在机座52上，另一端抵接张紧臂421的下部，通过螺母411的移动量来调整弹性件412的预压缩力。在一些实施例中，螺杆414的一端通过侧板522上的调节孔103穿过的机座52，螺杆414的另一端与张紧臂421抵接；弹性件412为套装于螺 杆414的弹簧；螺母411是与螺杆414螺纹配合的调节螺母。为了便于皮带张紧机构的调节，在一些实施例中，调节机构41还可以包括套装于螺杆414上的弹簧垫413，弹性件412位于侧板522与弹簧垫413之间，弹性件412通过弹簧垫413与机座52固定。套装于螺杆414的弹簧垫413与机座52压缩弹簧提供预压缩力。螺杆414在弹簧的弹性力作用下以其一端纵向抵顶于张紧臂421上。而张紧臂421围绕孔101中的轴由导向孔102限制导向转动。此时导轮422压紧皮带3，也有引导皮带2的作用。
依据本公开内容实施例的转向架轴驱发电装置可以适用于多种铁路货车转向架，不限于图1中所涉及的三大件式的转向架。现有技术中的发电装置，将电机安装在车轮远离侧架的一侧，发电机的安装需要更改现有侧架结构，加长侧架一端或在侧架端部焊接发电机悬挂支座，不适应既有转向架的结构。根据本公开内容的一些实施方式的转向架轴驱发电装置，轴端主动轮2通过轴承端盖上原有的三个孔采用螺栓就可提供主动轮2的安装接口；电机6直接安装在侧架1上，由侧架1提供发电装置的固定支撑，整体设计简单、可靠、成本低。
现有技术中的发电装置，定子与转子分开固定，由于运行中车轴与承载鞍存在轴向传动及径向跳动，造成定转子之间间隙变化，影响发电机的性能及可靠性；同时上述的发电装置整体重量通过转子承载并直接连接到车轴轴端，增大了轮轴重量会影响运行性能，且转子与轴端的直接连接方式，发电机跟轮轴无缓冲，影响其可靠性及使用寿命。根据本公开内容的一些实施方式的转向架轴驱发电装置，除主动轮2以外的构件均通过固定机构5安装在转向架下方，作用力与重力同向，使转向架轴驱发电装置具有很强的稳定性；同时带轮组成7与电机6分别设置在固定机构5的两侧，形成固定平衡，进一步提高稳定性。其次电机6整体安装，且带轮组成7的外轴端盖板74与电机6的间隙连接，能够实现从动轮71与电机6转子轴的分离，电机6的转子轴不承载带轮组成7的重量，可以提高发电机6的可靠性和使用寿命。
在本公开内容的第二方面，提供了一种转向架，该转向架可以是现有技术中的任意一种转向架，例如三大件式转向架、构架式转向架等。不同于现有技术的是，依据本公开内容实施例的转向架还设置有上述转向架轴驱发 电装置，由于并未对转向架的具体结构进行改进，故而该转向架的其他结构均可参照现有技术，此处不做展开说明。转向架轴驱发电装置的具体结构参照本公开内容的第一方面，此处不再赘述。
下面以三大件式转向架为例，对依据本公开内容实施例的转向架做进一步说明。
依据本公开内容实施例的三大件式转向架，可以包括摇枕组成、轮对组成、侧架组成、轴箱装置和弹性悬挂系统及制动装置，其中：侧架组成可以包括两个侧架；侧架组成的各部分截面做成槽形或空心箱体，侧架纵向的中央开设有一方形孔10，方形孔10为摇枕安装位，用于安装摇枕组成，侧架的两端为轮对安装位，用于安装轮对；轮对安装位和摇枕安装位通过斜臂12连接。在摇枕安装位两侧的斜臂12上开设有三角形孔11，三角形孔11位于轮对安装位和摇枕安装位之间；轴箱装置将轮对组成与侧架组成联系起来，摇枕组成将两个侧架1连接起来；侧架1设置有斜楔座8；斜楔座8的顶部对称设置在侧架1的两侧，且斜楔座8上开设有挡键孔9。
在一些实施例中，转向架轴驱发电装置设置在侧架1的中部，固定机构5设置在侧架1的轮对安装位与摇枕安装位之间，加强机座51一端安装在挡键孔9上，一端与机座52的侧板522焊接，机座52的主板521焊接在下固定板54上，下固定板54通过螺栓螺母垂直安装在侧架1的斜臂12上，上固定板53与下固定板54间的安装腔室穿过斜臂12上的三角孔，包覆于斜臂12上，通过螺栓螺母固定上固定板53和下固定板54，除固定机构5以外的组件安装方式以及结构与实施例1中相同，本实施例不再做具体描述。
依据本公开内容实施例的转向架由于具有上述转向架轴驱发电装置，因而也具有上述转向架轴驱发电装置的技术效果。此外，依据本公开内容实施例的转向架，不需要改变原有结构也不需要加设安装孔等，就能安装上述转向架轴驱发电装置，能影响解决铁路货车的供电问题，维护成本又低，同时发电稳定可靠。
在本公开内容的第三方面，提供了一种铁路车辆。该铁路车辆可以是现有任一种铁路车辆，例如敞车、棚车、平车等通用货车，或罐车、冷藏车、矿石车、水泥车、活鱼车、特种车、长大货物等专用货车。依据本公开内容 实施例的铁路车辆配置有依据本公开内容实施例的转向架，即上述铁路车辆的所有转向架均采用上述转向架，当然，在其他实施方式中，还可将铁路车辆的某一个或者部分转向架设置为上述转向架。具体使用形式本公开内容不做限制。本公开内容实施例未对该铁路车辆的其他结构做出改进，故而该铁路车辆的其他结构均可参照现有技术，此处不做展开说明。转向架的具体结构参照上述关于依据本公开内容实施例的转向架，此处不再赘述。
依据本公开内容一些实施方式的转向架轴驱发电装置，可完全适应我国铁路货车通用主型转向架的安装，不改变转向架的结构，适用于构架式与三大件式转向架，也不会对转向架结构产生影响，轴端主动轮通过轴承端盖上原有的三个孔采用螺栓就可提供主动轮的安装接口；固定机构的安装腔室具有平面凸台，直接包覆于现有三大件式转向架上的侧架孔或转向架的斜臂上，可提供发电机固定支撑，整体设计简单、可靠、成本低。
依据本公开内容一些实施方式的转向架轴驱发电装置，带轮组成的外轴端盖板与电机转子的间隙连接，实现带轮与电机转子轴的分离，转子轴不需要承载带轮的重量，提高发电机可靠性。
依据本公开内容一些实施方式的转向架轴驱发电装置，电机由现有的安装在转向架端部外侧改为了侧架中部的下侧，通过固定机构将转向架轴驱发电装置设置在了侧架的中部，与现有转向架集成安装；同时在侧架的挡键孔上安装加强机座，以固定皮带张紧机构和固定机构，不需要扩展端部空间，不需要改变原有侧架结构，反而充分利用了侧架原本的结构。
尽管已描述了本申请的优选实施例，但本领域内的普通技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念，则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以，所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本申请范围的所有变更和修改。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种转向架轴驱发电装置，包括电机、固定机构、主动轮、带轮组件和皮带；其中：所述电机安装在所述固定机构上，所述固定机构与所述转向架的侧架连接，并且位于所述侧架的中部；所述主动轮安装在所述转向架的轮对组成的轮轴端部；所述带轮组件设置在所述固定机构上，并且与所述电机的转子连接；所述皮带套装于所述带轮组件与所述主动轮上。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的转向架轴驱发电装置，其中：所述固定机构包括机座和固定板件，所述固定板件与所述侧架连接；所述机座用于安装所述电机，所述机座设置在所述固定板件上，形成悬臂梁结构。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的转向架轴驱发电装置，其中：所述固定板件包括上固定板和下固定板，所述上固定板与所述下固定板连接，构成一个安装腔室，所述固定板件通过所述安装腔室安装在所述侧架上。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的转向架轴驱发电装置，其中：所述固定机构还包括加强座，所述加强座一端设置在所述侧架上、另一端与所述机座的悬臂端连接，以使所述侧架、所述机座与所述加强座构成三角形支撑结构。
  5. 如权利要求4中所述的转向架轴驱发电装置，其中：所述机座包括固定连接的主板和侧板，所述主板通过所述下固定板与所述侧架连接，所述侧板与所述加强座连接。
  6. 如权利要求1-5任一项所述的转向架轴驱发电装置，其中：所述带轮组件包括从动轮、固定轴、轴承和外盖板，所述从动轮通过所述轴承安装于所述固定轴上，并且所述从动轮通过所述皮带与所述主动轮连接；所述固定轴固定安装在所述固定机构上；所述外盖板与所述固定轴转动连接，所述从动轮和所述电机的转子分别与所述外盖板连接，用以传递转矩。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的转向架轴驱发电装置，其中：所述电机与所述带轮组件分别设置于所述固定机构的两侧。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的转向架轴驱发电装置，其中：所述固定轴为空心轴，所述固定机构中开设有安装孔，所述电机的转子穿过所述安装孔、伸入所述固定轴的一端中；外盖板包括板件和与所述板件固连的传动轴，所述板 件与所述从动轮固定连接，所述传动轴伸入所述固定轴的另一端中，并且所述传动轴与所述转子连接。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的转向架轴驱发电装置，其中：所述带轮组件还包括内盖板，所述内盖板设置在所述外盖板的内侧，并且位于所述固定轴的外端面和所述外盖板之间。
  10. 如权利要求6所述的转向架轴驱发电装置，其中：所述转向架轴驱发电装置还包括皮带张紧机构，所述固定机构上设置有安装板，所述皮带张紧机构安装在所述安装板上，并且所述皮带张紧机构位于所述主动轮和所述带轮组成之间。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的转向架轴驱发电装置，其中：所述皮带张紧机构包括调节机构和张紧组件，所述调节机构穿过所述机座与所述张紧组件连接；所述张紧组件包括张紧臂和导轮，所述张紧臂转动安装于所述固定机构上，构成杠杆机构，所述导轮设置在所述张紧臂的阻力端，并且所述导轮与所述固定机构或者所述转向架的侧架滚动接触，所述张紧臂的动力端的其中一侧抵紧所述带轮组成、另一侧抵紧所述调节机构。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的转向架轴驱发电装置，其中：所述调节机构包括螺杆、螺母和弹性件，所述螺杆安装于所述安装板上，所述螺杆的一端通过所述螺母锁紧、另一端抵接所述张紧臂，所述弹性件套装于所述螺杆上，并且所述弹性件位于所述安装板与所述张紧臂之间。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的转向架轴驱发电装置，其中：所述调节机构还包括套装于所述螺杆上的弹簧垫，所述弹性件位于所述安装板与所述弹簧垫之间。
  14. 如权利要求3所述的转向架轴驱发电装置，其中：所述固定机构还包括垫板，所述垫板位于所述侧架的内侧，所述垫板、所述侧架和所述下固定板通过一连接件连接。
  15. 一种转向架，包括权利要求1-14中任一项所述的转向架轴驱发电装置。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的转向架，其中：所述转向架轴驱发电装置的所述固定机构设置在所述侧架的斜臂上，所述斜臂位于轮对安装位与摇枕安装 位之间。
  17. 一种铁路车辆，包括权利要求15或16所述的转向架。
PCT/CN2021/112412 2020-12-01 2021-08-13 一种转向架轴驱发电装置、转向架以及铁路车辆 WO2022116590A1 (zh)

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