WO2022113251A1 - 触覚提示パネル、触覚提示タッチパネルおよび触覚提示タッチディスプレイ - Google Patents
触覚提示パネル、触覚提示タッチパネルおよび触覚提示タッチディスプレイ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022113251A1 WO2022113251A1 PCT/JP2020/044160 JP2020044160W WO2022113251A1 WO 2022113251 A1 WO2022113251 A1 WO 2022113251A1 JP 2020044160 W JP2020044160 W JP 2020044160W WO 2022113251 A1 WO2022113251 A1 WO 2022113251A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tactile
- tactile presentation
- conductive elastic
- electrode
- knob
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- G06F3/0362—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor with detection of 1D translations or rotations of an operating part of the device, e.g. scroll wheels, sliders, knobs, rollers or belts
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Definitions
- This disclosure relates to a technique for presenting a tactile sensation to a user through a tactile presentation knob.
- a touch panel is widely known as a device that detects and outputs a position indicated by an indicator such as a user's finger or a pen (hereinafter, may be referred to as "touch position") on a touch screen, and has a capacitance.
- touch position a position indicated by an indicator such as a user's finger or a pen
- capacitance As a touch panel using the method, there is a projection type capacitive touch panel (PCAP: Projected Capacitive Touch Panel).
- PCAP Projected Capacitive Touch Panel
- the PCAP can detect the touch position even when the user-side surface of the touch screen (hereinafter, may be referred to as "front side surface") is covered with a protective plate such as a glass plate having a thickness of about several mm. Further, it has advantages such as excellent robustness because the protective plate can be arranged on the front side surface of the PCAP, and long life because it does not have a moving part.
- the PCAP touch screen includes a detection row direction wiring layer that detects the coordinates of the touch position in the row direction, and a detection column direction wiring layer that detects the coordinates of the touch position in the column direction.
- the detection row direction wiring layer and the detection column direction wiring layer may be collectively referred to as a “detection wiring layer”.
- the member on which the detection wiring layer is arranged is called a "touch screen”, and the device in which the detection circuit is connected to the touch screen is called a “touch panel”. Further, the area where the touch position can be detected on the touch screen is referred to as a "detectable area”.
- capacitor As a detection wiring layer for detecting capacitance (hereinafter, may be simply referred to as "capacitance”), on a first series conductor element formed on a thin dielectric film and on a first series conductor element. It is equipped with a second series of conductor elements formed across an insulating film. There is no electrical contact between the conductor elements, and one of the first series conductor elements and the second series conductor elements overlaps the other in plan view when viewed from the normal direction of the front surface. However, there is no electrical contact between them and they intersect three-dimensionally.
- the coordinates of the touch position of the indicator are specified by detecting the capacitance (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "touch capacitance") formed between the indicator and the conductor element which is the detection wiring by the detection circuit. .. Further, the touch position between the conductor elements can be interpolated by the relative value of the detection capacitance of one or more conductor elements.
- touch capacitance hereinafter sometimes referred to as "touch capacitance”
- touch panels as operation panels including switches and the like have come to be used in many devices around us in place of mechanical switches.
- the touch panel has no unevenness and has a uniform feel, so that the surface shape is not deformed by the operation. Therefore, all operation processes from the position confirmation of the switch to the operation execution and the operation completion must be performed visually, and when the operation is performed in parallel with other work such as the operation of sound while driving a car. There are problems with the certainty of blind operation and the operability of visually impaired people.
- touch panels are widely used from the viewpoint of design, it becomes difficult to operate the in-vehicle devices with blind touch while driving, and from the viewpoint of ensuring safety, operation with blind touch is possible. Attention is increasing to touch panels with functions that make it possible. In consumer appliances, touch panels as operation panels have come to be used in many home appliances and electronic devices. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of design, the number of devices equipped with PCAP whose surface is protected by a cover glass is increasing. However, since the surface of the touch panel is smooth, the position of the switch cannot be confirmed by touch, and it is difficult to support universal design. In the case of PCAP, the glass surface is required to be smooth as a design property, and it is difficult to support universal design such as processing unevenness on the glass surface corresponding to the switch position.
- the touch panel has a function of presenting the position of the switch, acceptance of the operation, and a function of giving feedback to the user by tactile sensation, it is possible to realize the operation by touch typing and universal design support.
- Mobile phones and smartphones may be equipped with a tactile feedback function by vibration in order to supplement the certainty of operation and operability that does not rely on vision. It is expected that the feedback function by vibration linked to the user's operation will rapidly become familiar, and the demand for more advanced tactile feedback will increase.
- the method of generating tactile sensation is roughly divided into three methods: vibration method, ultrasonic method, and electric method.
- the characteristic of the vibration method is that it can coexist with PCAP and is low cost, but it is not suitable to incorporate the oscillator into the housing so that the entire device vibrates sufficiently, and it is large due to the limit of the output of the oscillator. It cannot be made into an area.
- the ultrasonic method can generate a tactile sensation such as a slippery feeling that cannot be generated by other methods, but for the same reason as the vibration method, it is not suitable for incorporation into a housing and has a large area.
- the disadvantage is that it cannot be done.
- the electric method includes an electrostatic friction method that generates a tactile sensation by electrostatic friction force and an electric stimulus method that directly gives an electric stimulus to a finger, and these can generate a tactile sensation at any place. , Large area and multi-touch support are possible.
- a member in which tactile electrodes are arranged on a transparent insulating substrate is referred to as a "tactile presentation screen", and a device in which a detection circuit is connected to the tactile presentation screen is referred to as a "tactile presentation panel”.
- the area where tactile presentation is possible on the tactile presentation screen is referred to as “tactile presentation possible area”.
- the tactile output device for the rotary knob
- the tactile output device has an electrode, a dielectric material arranged on the electrode, and a controller for inputting a signal to the electrode.
- the dielectric material has micro-patterned irregularities on the surface that the user contacts.
- the controller inputs a signal to the electrode, the convex portion of the micro-patterned dielectric material is charged, and an electrostatic force is generated between the controller and the rotary knob, which can give the user a tactile sensation.
- Patent Document 1 the pressing of the rotary knob when the user performs the rotary operation differs depending on the difference in the angle of the arm and the wrist when the rotary knob is operated depending on the user's physique and the posture at the time of operation, and is stable. Sometimes I could't get a tactile sensation.
- This disclosure is made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and presents a tactile sensation having a certain degree of clarity and tactile strength without being affected by differences in the angles of the arm and wrist during operation. It is intended to provide a tactile presentation panel capable of.
- the tactile presentation panel is a tactile presentation panel in which a tactile presentation knob is placed on an operation surface and a tactile sensation is presented to a user through the tactile presentation knob, and the user presents the tactile sensation to the user.
- a touch detection circuit that detects the contact with the tactile presentation knob, detects the position of the tactile presentation knob on the tactile presentation panel, and outputs the position information, and the operation surface of the operation surface via the tactile presentation knob of the user.
- the tactile presentation knob and the operation surface based on the press detection circuit that detects the push amount and outputs it as press information, the position information output from the touch detection circuit, and the press information output from the press detection circuit.
- a tactile control circuit that determines a voltage signal that generates a frictional force between the two is provided, and the change in the frictional force between the tactile presentation knob and the operation surface is provided by the voltage signal determined by the tactile control circuit.
- the tactile presentation knob is provided at a position facing the operation surface, and the conductive elastic portion in contact with the operation surface and the support portion that limits the pressing force on the conductive elastic portion. And have.
- the tactile presentation panel it is possible to obtain a tactile presentation panel that presents a tactile sensation having a certain degree of clarity and tactile strength without being affected by differences in the angles of the arm and wrist during operation by the user. Can be done. Further, it is possible to obtain a tactile presentation touch panel and a tactile presentation touch display provided with a tactile presentation panel.
- FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a tactile presentation touch display according to the first embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the tactile presentation touch display of FIG. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the capacitance formed between the tactile electrode and the tactile presentation knob which the tactile presentation panel of FIG. 2 has. It is a perspective view for demonstrating the capacitance formed between the tactile electrode and the tactile presentation knob which the tactile presentation panel of FIG. 2 has. It is a graph which shows an example of the voltage signal of the 1st frequency applied to the 1st electrode of FIG. It is a graph which shows an example of the voltage signal of the 2nd frequency applied to the 2nd electrode of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view schematically showing the configuration of a touch panel having a segment structure according to the first embodiment. It is a top view which shows typically an example of the shape of the detection electrode and the excitation electrode of the touch panel of the segment structure by Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view schematically showing the configuration of a tactile presentation panel having a segment structure according to the first embodiment. It is a top view schematically showing an example of the shape of the tactile electrode of the tactile presentation panel of the segment structure by Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view schematically showing the configuration of a tactile presentation panel having a segment structure according to the first embodiment. It is a top view schematically showing an example of the shape of the tactile electrode of the tactile presentation panel of the segment structure by Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 2 It is a top view schematically showing an example of the shape of the tactile electrode of the tactile presentation panel of the segment structure by Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 2 It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the capacitance formed between the tactile electrode and the tactile presentation knob when the pitch of the tactile electrode of the tactile presentation panel of FIG. 2 is larger than the diameter of the tactile presentation knob.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the capacitance formed between the tactile electrode and the tactile presentation knob when the pitch of the tactile electrode of the tactile presentation panel of FIG. 2 is smaller than the diameter of the tactile presentation knob.
- FIG. 1 shows the structure of the rotating part of the tactile presentation knob by Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 1 It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the fixing part in the case where the position where the tactile presentation knob is placed is fixed in one place by Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the rotation axis structure in the case where the position where the tactile presentation knob is placed according to Embodiment 1 moves.
- FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the position of the edge part of the conductive elastic part by Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 6 It is a block diagram schematically showing the structure of the tactile presentation touch panel of FIG. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the capacitance formed by the tactile presentation touch panel when the indicator body is not in contact with a tactile presentation knob in the tactile presentation touch panel of FIG. 6 is a timing chart schematically showing the operation timing of the tactile presentation touch panel of FIG. 1 when the indicator body is not in contact with the tactile presentation knob. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the capacitance formed by the tactile presentation touch panel when an indicator body is in contact with a tactile presentation knob in the tactile presentation touch panel of FIG. 6 is a timing chart schematically showing the operation timing of the tactile presentation touch panel of FIG. 1 when the indicator is in contact with the tactile presentation knob.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration of a tactile presentation touch panel when a part of the tactile electrodes in contact with the tactile presentation knob when a signal voltage is applied according to the first embodiment is connected to the ground.
- FIG. 1 It is a block diagram which showed the outline of the relationship of the display panel, the touch panel and the tactile presentation panel by Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the process of the tactile presentation by Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a schematic diagram which showed the state of the interface between a conductive elastic part and a display surface when the tactile presentation knob was operated with a weak pressure. It is a figure which showed the relationship between the sheet thickness of a general rubber sheet and the flatness of one side. It is a schematic diagram which showed the state of the interface between a conductive elastic part and a display surface when the tactile presentation knob was operated with a strong pressure. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the tactile presentation knob of Embodiment 1.
- FIG. FIG. 1 It is a block diagram which showed the outline of the relationship of the display panel, the touch panel and the tactile presentation panel by Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the process of the tactile presentation by Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the difference between the height of the support portion of the tactile presentation knob of the first embodiment and the maximum height of the conductive elastic portion and the tactile strength. It is a figure which shows the structure of the tactile presentation knob of Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the structure of the tactile presentation knob of Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a tactile presentation device that presents a tactile sensation and a tactile sensation of an operation amount by placing a tactile presentation knob 3 on a tactile presentation touch display 1 according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of the tactile presentation touch display 1.
- the tactile presentation touch display 1 has a tactile presentation touch panel 400 and a display panel 300 to which the tactile presentation touch panel 400 is attached.
- the display panel 300 has a pressure sensor 216.
- the tactile presentation touch panel 400 has a tactile presentation panel 100 and a touch panel 200.
- the tactile presentation panel 100 includes a tactile presentation screen 150 and a voltage supply circuit 110.
- the touch panel 200 has a touch screen 250 and a touch detection circuit 210.
- the tactile presentation screen 150 is arranged on the side (front side) of the tactile presentation touch display 1 facing the user, and is on the surface (front side surface) of the touch screen 250 facing the user. Is fixed by the adhesive 20b.
- the touch screen 250 is fixed by an adhesive 20a on the surface (front side surface) of the display panel 300 facing the user.
- the tactile presentation screen 150 has a transparent insulating substrate 101, a tactile electrode 102, and a dielectric layer 106.
- the tactile electrode 102 includes a plurality of first electrodes 102a and a plurality of second electrodes 102b arranged alternately on the transparent insulating substrate 101 at intervals.
- the dielectric layer 106 covers the plurality of first electrodes 102a and the plurality of second electrodes 102b.
- the tactile presentation screen 150 is electrically connected to the voltage supply circuit 110 by an FPC (Flexible Print Circuit) 108. Further, a liquid crystal drive circuit unit 311 is provided on the back surface side of the display panel 300.
- FPC Flexible Print Circuit
- the touch screen 250 has a transparent and insulating substrate 201, an excitation electrode 202, a detection electrode 203, an interlayer insulating layer 204, and an insulating layer 205.
- the touch screen 250 is electrically connected to the touch detection circuit 210 by the FPC 108.
- the touch detection circuit 210 detects the touched position on the transparent insulating substrate 101 of the tactile presentation screen 150. This enables not only tactile presentation but also touch position detection on the transparent insulating substrate 101.
- the touch detection circuit 210 has, for example, a detection IC (Integrated Circuit) for detecting a change in capacitance due to touch and a microcomputer. The details of the configuration of the touch screen 250 will be described later with specific examples.
- the display panel 300 has two transparent insulating substrates facing each other and a display function layer sandwiched between them and having a display function.
- the display panel 300 is typically a liquid crystal panel.
- the display panel 300 may be an organic EL (Electro-Luminescence) panel, a ⁇ LED (Micro Light Emitting Diode) panel, or an electronic paper panel.
- the touch panel 200 is typically a PCAP. Further, when the pressure sensor 216 has a touch position detection function, the touch panel 200 may not be provided.
- the pressure-sensitive sensor 216 has a feeling of being able to detect pressure, such as a capacitance method that detects deformation caused by pressing a member constituting the tactile presentation touch display 1 as a capacitance change, and a piezo method that detects a resistance change of a semiconductor strain gauge. Any method may be used as long as it is a pressure sensor.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for schematically explaining the capacitance CNE formed between the tactile electrode 102 and the tactile presentation knob 3 included in the tactile presentation panel 100.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view of FIG.
- Capacitance C NE is formed.
- the tactile presentation voltage generation circuit 113 included in the voltage supply circuit 110 see FIG. 2 is shown for easy viewing, and other configurations included in the voltage supply circuit 110 are shown. Not shown. A more specific configuration of the voltage supply circuit 110 will be described later.
- the tactile presentation voltage generation circuit 113 included in the voltage supply circuit 110 includes a first voltage generation circuit 113a and a second voltage generation circuit 113b.
- the first voltage generation circuit 113a applies a voltage signal Va (first voltage signal) to the first electrode 102a located on at least a part of the region of the transparent insulating substrate 101 among the plurality of first electrodes 102a.
- the voltage signal Va is applied to all the first electrodes 102a located on at least a part of the region of the transparent insulating substrate 101.
- the second voltage generation circuit 113b applies a voltage signal V b (second voltage signal) to the second electrode 102b located on at least a part of the region of the transparent insulating substrate 101 among the plurality of second electrodes 102b.
- the voltage signal Vb is applied to all the second electrodes 102b located on at least a part of the region of the transparent insulating substrate 101.
- the voltage signal Va of the first voltage generation circuit 113a has a first frequency.
- the voltage signal V b of the second voltage generation circuit 113b has a second frequency different from the first frequency.
- the amplitude of the voltage signal Va and the amplitude of the voltage signal V b may be the same amplitude VL .
- sine waves having different frequencies are used as the voltage signal Va and the voltage signal V b .
- a pulse wave or one having another shape may be used.
- the amplitude VL is preferably about several tens of volts.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the amplitude modulation signal VN generated by the combination of the voltage signal Va (see FIG. 5) and the voltage signal V b ( see FIG. 6).
- a voltage signal Va is applied to the first electrode 102a
- a voltage signal V b is applied to the second electrode 102b.
- the maximum amplitude VL is approximately twice. Charging and discharging are repeated according to the amplitude modulation signal VN having the amplitude V H.
- an electrostatic force corresponding to the amplitude modulation signal VN of the maximum amplitude VH is applied to the tactile presentation knob 3 which is in contact with the first electrode 102a and the second electrode 102b via the dielectric layer 106.
- the amplitude - modulated signal VN has a beat frequency corresponding to the difference between the first frequency and the second frequency. Therefore, when the tactile presentation knob 3 rotates on the tactile presentation screen 150, the frictional force acting on the tactile presentation knob 3 is generated by the above-mentioned beat wave. As a result, the tactile presentation knob 3 vibrates due to the ON / OFF of the electrostatic force generated by the roaring wave accompanying the application of the voltage signal Va and the voltage signal V b .
- the tactile presentation screen 150 of the tactile presentation panel 100 is configured to generate a tactile sensation by changing the frictional force applied to the tactile presentation knob 3 by controlling the electrostatic force applied to the tactile presentation knob 3. Has been done.
- an amplitude modulation signal VN having a voltage approximately twice that of each of the input voltage signal Va (see FIG. 5) and voltage signal V b ( see FIG. 6) is generated.
- the amplitude-modulated signal VN required to apply the desired frictional force to the tactile presentation knob 3 is the voltage signal Va (see FIG. 5) and the voltage signal V b (see FIG. 5) having a voltage approximately 1 ⁇ 2 of the amplitude - modulated signal VN . It can be generated by (see FIG. 6). Therefore, as compared with the case where the amplitude modulation signal is directly input to the first electrodes 102a and 102b, the same electrostatic force can be generated at a voltage of 1/2, and low voltage drive becomes possible.
- a pulse signal may be used as the voltage signal Va and the voltage signal V b .
- the electrostatic force generated by the differential voltage of the voltage signal Va and the voltage signal V b due to the presence or absence of the application of the voltage signal Va and the voltage signal V b is turned on.
- the tactile presentation knob 3 vibrates due to / OFF.
- the maximum amplitude V H may be correspondingly large enough, and the amplitude VL may be a small value. Therefore, the amplitude VL does not have to be large enough to generate a sufficiently large tactile sensation by itself.
- the frequencies of the voltage signal Va and the voltage signal V b are in a state where only one of the first electrode 102a and the second electrode 102b is in contact with the tactile presentation knob 3. No matter how selected, the user barely perceives the sense of touch.
- the pitch PE of the tactile electrode 102 is smaller than the diameter R NE of the contact surface CT. The details will be described later.
- FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a capacitive touch screen 250a as an example of the touch screen 250 (see FIG. 2).
- FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along the lines A1-A1 and A2-A2 of FIG.
- the touch screen 250a has a plurality of row direction wiring layers 206 and a plurality of column direction wiring layers 207.
- Each of the row direction wiring layers 206 is composed of a plurality of electrically connected excitation electrodes 202 (see FIG. 2)
- each of the column direction wiring layers 207 is composed of a plurality of electrically connected detection electrodes 203 (FIG. 2). 2).
- FIGS. 8 and 9 the row wiring layer 206 and the column wiring layer 207 are shown ignoring such a microstructure.
- the excitation electrode 202 (see FIG. 2) has a metal single-layer or multilayer film, or a multilayer structure containing either of these and using other conductive materials.
- As the metal a metal having a low resistance such as aluminum or silver is preferable.
- the detection electrode 203 see FIG. 2.
- metal As the wiring material, the wiring resistance can be reduced.
- the metal wiring is opaque, so it is easy to see.
- a thin wire structure may be added to the metal wiring.
- the wire structure is typically mesh-like.
- Each of the row direction wiring layers 206 extends along the row direction (x direction in the figure), and each of the column direction wiring layers 207 extends along the column direction (y direction in the figure). ..
- the plurality of row direction wiring layers 206 are arranged at intervals in the column direction, and the plurality of column direction wiring layers 207 are arranged at intervals in the row direction.
- each of the row direction wiring layers 206 intersects the plurality of column direction wiring layers 207, and each of the column direction wiring layers 207 intersects the plurality of row direction wiring layers 206.
- the row direction wiring layer 206 and the column direction wiring layer 207 are insulated by an interlayer insulating layer 204.
- the interlayer insulating layer 204 is composed of a single-layer film of an organic insulating film, a single-layer film of an inorganic insulating film, or a multilayer film.
- the inorganic insulating film is excellent for improving the moisture resistance, and the organic insulating film is excellent for improving the flatness.
- a transparent silicon-based inorganic insulating film such as a silicon oxide film, a silicon nitride film, or a silicon oxide nitride film, or a transparent inorganic insulating film made of a metal oxide such as alumina is used.
- the material of the organic insulating film is a polymer material having a main chain made of silicon oxide, a silicon nitride film or a silicon oxide nitride film, and having an organic substance bonded to a side chain or a functional group thereof, or carbon.
- a thermosetting resin having a main chain can be used. Examples of the thermosetting resin include acrylic resin, polyimide resin, epoxy resin, novolak resin, and olefin resin.
- Each of the row direction wiring layers 206 of the touch screen 250a is connected to the touch screen terminal portion 208 by the lead wiring layers R (1) to R (m).
- Each of the row direction wiring layers 207 is connected to the touch screen terminal portion 208 by the lead wiring layers C (1) to C (n).
- the touch screen terminal portion 208 is provided at the end portion of the substrate 201.
- the lead-out wiring layers R (1) to R (m) are arranged outside the detectable area, and correspond so that the shortest distance can be obtained in order from the one closest to the center of the arrangement of the touch screen terminal portions 208. Extends to the electrode to be.
- the lead-out wiring layers R (1) to R (m) are arranged as closely as possible while ensuring mutual insulation. The same applies to the lead wiring layers C (1) to C (n). With such an arrangement, the area of the outer portion of the detectable area of the substrate 201 can be suppressed.
- a shield wiring layer 209 may be provided between the group of the lead wiring layers R (1) to R (m) and the group of the lead wiring layers C (1) to C (n). This suppresses the generation of noise in the other group due to the influence of one group. Further, it is possible to reduce the influence of the electromagnetic noise generated from the display panel 300 (see FIG. 2) on the lead-out wiring layer.
- the shield wiring layer 209 may be formed of the same material at the same time as the row direction wiring layer 206 or the column direction wiring layer 207.
- the insulating layer 205 is provided on the substrate 201 so that the touch screen terminal portion 208 is exposed, and covers the row direction wiring layer 206, the column direction wiring layer 207, and the interlayer insulating layer 204.
- the insulating layer 205 can be formed of the same material as the interlayer insulating layer 204.
- an upper polarizing plate with anti-glare treatment for the liquid crystal panel may be attached on the portion of the insulating layer 205 through which light for display is transmitted.
- FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a capacitive touch screen 250b as an example of the touch screen 250 (see FIG. 2).
- FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along the lines B1-B1 and B2-B2 of FIG. In the examples of FIGS. 10 and 11, a so-called diamond structure is adopted.
- the row direction wiring layer 206 and the column direction wiring layer 207 are arranged on the same layer.
- Each of the column direction wiring layers 207 has a plurality of diamond-shaped electrodes connected to each other as detection electrodes 203.
- the row direction wiring layer 206 has a plurality of diamond-shaped electrodes separated from each other and a bridge 206B for electrically connecting adjacent diamond-shaped electrodes as excitation electrodes 202.
- the interlayer insulating layer 204 is arranged so as to insulate between the bridge 206B and the column direction wiring layer 207.
- the bridge structure may be applied to the column direction wiring layer instead of the row direction wiring layer. Since the electrical resistance of the wiring layer tends to increase due to the formation of the bridge, it is preferable that the bridge structure is applied to the shorter of the column-direction wiring layer and the row-direction wiring layer.
- a transparent conductive film such as indium tin oxide (ITO) is used. Since ITO has translucency, it is less likely that the wiring layer will be visible to the user. Since a transparent conductive film such as ITO has a relatively high electric resistance, it is suitable for application to a small touch screen in which wiring resistance is not a problem. Further, since the transparent conductive film such as ITO is liable to be broken due to corrosion with other metal wiring, consideration must be given to moisture resistance and waterproofness in order to prevent corrosion.
- ITO indium tin oxide
- the touch screen is formed directly on the substrate (typically a color filter substrate) of the display panel 300 without using the substrate 201.
- a touch screen is formed between two transparent insulating substrates (not shown) included in the display panel 300.
- FIG. 12 is a plan view schematically showing the configuration of a touch screen 250c having a detection structure in which segments composed of a detection electrode and an excitation electrode are arranged in a matrix.
- 13 and 14 show an example of the pattern shape of the excitation electrode 202a and the detection electrode 203b arranged in the segment of the area A in FIG.
- a touch screen 250c having a segment structure in which segments having an excitation electrode 202a and a detection electrode 203b as a set as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 are arranged in a matrix and individually driven is used.
- the tactile presentation panel 100a and the touch panel 200 can also be used by switching the switch in the drive circuit.
- the pressure sensor 216 shown in FIG. 1 will be described.
- the pressure-sensitive sensor 216 has a method of detecting the pressure applied to the diaphragm (diaphragm) made of semiconductor Si (silicon) as the deformation of the film, and the deformation of the display panel or the touch panel generated in response to the pressing force is electrostatic.
- pressure sensors 216 are installed at four diagonally symmetrical locations on the surface of the display panel 300 opposite to the display surface.
- the tactile presentation touch display 1 bends in the direction opposite to the operation surface due to the pressing pressure, or the tactile presentation touch display 1 becomes It may move slightly in the direction of the surface opposite to the operation surface.
- the pressure-sensitive sensor 216 detects the pressing force by detecting the capacitance change caused by the narrowing of the distance between the capacitance detection electrodes arranged in the pressure-sensitive sensor 216.
- Each capacitance detection electrode in the pressure sensor 216 is parallel to the operation surface of the tactile presentation touch display 1 and is installed at an arbitrary interval.
- the pressing force is detected by detecting the shape change due to the pressing force of any of the members constituting the tactile presentation touch display 1.
- the pressure sensor 216 is arranged on the lower side (opposite side of the display surface) of the display panel 300, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the pressure-sensitive sensor 216 has good reproducibility of the relationship between the shape change and the pressing force in the structure of the tactile presentation touch display 1, the shape change due to the pressing force is large, and the pressure-sensitive sensor 216 is arranged at the position where the sensitivity is the best. Just do it.
- the pressure-sensitive sensor 216 when the pressure-sensitive sensor 216 is arranged so that the pressing position can be calculated from the balance of the detected values of the pressure-sensitive sensor 216, the pressure-sensitive sensor 216 can detect not only the pressing but also the touch position, and the touch panel 200 can be used. Can also be shared. The touch position detection by the pressure sensor 216 will be described later.
- FIG. 15 is a plan view schematically showing the configuration of the tactile presentation screen 150.
- FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram illustrating the formation of a capacitance CNE between the tactile electrode 102 and the tactile presentation knob 3.
- the tactile presentation screen 150 has a transparent insulating substrate 101, a tactile electrode 102, and a dielectric layer 106. Further, a tactile presentation panel terminal portion 107 is provided at the end of the transparent insulating substrate 101, and a plurality of drawer wiring layers 105 are arranged on the transparent insulating substrate. The dielectric layer 106 is provided so that the tactile presentation panel terminal portion 107 is exposed. The tactile electrode 102 is connected to the tactile presentation panel terminal portion 107 via the lead-out wiring layer 105. A voltage supply circuit 110 (see FIG. 2) is connected to the tactile presentation panel terminal 107 via the FPC 108 (see FIG. 1). The details of the lead-out wiring layer 105 will be described later.
- Each of the tactile electrodes 102 extends along the extending direction (vertical direction in FIG. 15).
- the plurality of tactile electrodes 102 are arranged at intervals along the arrangement direction (horizontal direction in FIG. 15).
- the transparent insulating substrate 101 has a rectangular shape having a long side and a short side. Therefore, the tactile presentation screen 150 also has a long side and a short side corresponding to the transparent insulating substrate 101.
- the arrangement direction is along the long side.
- the arrangement direction is along the horizontal direction.
- the tactile presentation screen 150 an example in which the tactile electrodes 102 extend in the extending direction and are arranged along the arrangement direction is shown, but the structure of the tactile electrodes 102 is not limited to this, and is shown, for example, in FIG. A plurality of segments may be arranged in a matrix as in the tactile presentation panel 100a.
- 18 and 19 show an example of the tactile electrode 102 pattern shape arranged in the segment of area A in FIG.
- the shape of the tactile electrode 102 is not limited to the shape shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, but the structure in which the first electrode 102a and the second electrode 102b are adjacent to each other and the mutual capacitance between the electrodes in different areas is more important than the mutual capacitance in the same area.
- the structure may be such that the mutual capacitance is larger. Specifically, the distance between the tactile first electrode 102a and the second electrode 102b in the same area may be narrower than the distance between the first electrode 102a and the second electrode 102b between different areas. As a result, the influence of the capacitance formed between the detection electrode 203 of the touch panel 200 and the tactile electrode 102 on the touch detection accuracy can be suppressed, so that the wiring resistance of the tactile electrode 102 can be further lowered, and the tactile sensation can be further reduced. It is possible to improve the strength (tactile sensation).
- the tactile electrode 102 may be formed of a transparent conductive film in order to increase the area of the tactile electrode 102 and make the tactile electrode 102 difficult to see. ITO is a typical material for a transparent conductive film.
- a transparent conductive film such as ITO has a relatively high electric resistance as compared with a metal, it is suitable for application to a small touch screen in which wiring resistance is not a problem. If it is necessary to apply it to a large touch screen where wiring resistance is a problem, increase the ITO film thickness or increase the dopant content to reduce the resistivity. In this case, the light absorption rate of ITO may change and the touch screen may appear colored, so that it may be necessary to adjust the color of the display. Further, since the transparent conductive film such as ITO is liable to be broken due to corrosion with other metal wiring, corrosion is prevented when the wiring resistance is lowered by the laminated structure of the electrode with other metal. Therefore, consideration must be given to moisture resistance and waterproofness.
- the tactile electrode 102 is an electrode having a multilayer structure containing either a single-layer film or a multilayer film of a metal, or using any of these and using other conductive materials (hereinafter,). It may also be referred to as a “metal film-containing electrode”).
- a metal film-containing electrode As the metal, a metal having a low resistance such as aluminum or silver is preferable. Wiring resistance can be reduced by using a metal film-containing electrode.
- the metal film is opaque, it is easily visible. Therefore, in order to make the metal film difficult to see, a fine wire structure may be provided to the metal film-containing electrode.
- the wire structure is typically mesh-like.
- the dielectric layer 106 is composed of a single-layer film of an organic insulating film, a single-layer film of an inorganic insulating film, or a multilayer film.
- a multilayer film different types of organic insulating films may be laminated, different types of inorganic insulating films may be laminated, or an organic insulating film and an inorganic insulating film may be laminated.
- the inorganic insulating film has high moisture impermeability, high hardness, and high wear resistance. Since the tactile presentation knob 3 rotates on the dielectric layer 106, the dielectric layer 106 requires high wear resistance.
- the organic insulating film is preferable for obtaining high flatness, but has low hardness and low wear resistance.
- an inorganic insulating film on the organic insulating film.
- a transparent silicon-based inorganic insulating film such as a silicon oxide film, a silicon nitride film, or a silicon oxide nitride film, or a transparent inorganic insulating film made of a metal oxide such as alumina is used.
- the material of the organic insulating film is a polymer material having a main chain made of silicon oxide, a silicon nitride film or a silicon oxide nitride film, and having an organic substance bonded to a side chain or a functional group thereof, or carbon.
- a thermosetting resin having a main chain can be used. Examples of the thermosetting resin include acrylic resin, polyimide resin, epoxy resin, novolak resin, and olefin resin.
- Q is the amount of charge stored in each of the conductive elastic portion 6 and the tactile electrode 102
- V is the voltage between the tactile presentation knob 3 and the tactile electrode 102
- ⁇ is the dielectric constant of the dielectric layer 106
- S is.
- d is the thickness of the dielectric layer 106.
- the capacitance C NE is proportional to the dielectric constant ⁇ and inversely proportional to the film thickness d.
- the dielectric constant ⁇ is high in order to increase the capacitance CNE .
- the dielectric layer 106 includes a film having a relative permittivity of 10 or more (hereinafter, also referred to as “high dielectric constant insulating film”).
- high dielectric constant insulating film a state in which positive and negative charges are displaced in the material due to an electric field applied from the outside occurs (this is generally called dielectric polarization).
- dielectric polarization In dielectric polarization, the charge generated by polarization (generally called polarization charge) is maintained while the voltage is held, and when the voltage decreases, the polarization charge decreases and the dielectric polarization decreases, and the applied voltage is reduced to zero volts. Then, the dielectric polarization also disappears.
- the direction of dielectric polarization can be changed by an electric field.
- the high dielectric constant insulating film may be used as a single layer, or may be used as a multilayer film by laminating with another low dielectric constant inorganic or organic insulating film or another high dielectric constant insulating film. good. Generally, the higher the dielectric constant, the higher the refractive index.
- the dielectric layer 106 can also function as an antireflection film.
- the thickness d is small in order to increase the capacitance CNE .
- the tactile electrode has a matrix structure (that is, a structure having an X electrode and a Y electrode intersecting each other) (see, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2015-097076), there is a step at the intersection of the X electrode and the Y electrode. That is, unevenness occurs. This unevenness is flattened if the thickness of the insulating layer covering it is large, but there is a limit to the thickness of the insulating layer in order to avoid an excessive decrease in the capacitance CNE . Therefore, unevenness may occur on the front surface of the tactile presentation screen. When this uneven texture is mixed with the texture brought about by the electrostatic force from the tactile electrode, it becomes difficult to give the intended texture to the user.
- a matrix structure that is, a structure having an X electrode and a Y electrode intersecting each other
- the dielectric layer 106 When an organic insulating film having a surface shape flattening effect is used as the dielectric layer 106, the occurrence of the above-mentioned unevenness can be avoided, but a certain large thickness is required for flattening, so that the capacitance CNE Is inevitable.
- the tactile electrode 102 since the tactile electrode 102 does not have an intersection, the size of the unevenness can be suppressed to about the thickness of the tactile electrode 102. This makes it possible to thin the organic film having a flattening effect or to apply a high dielectric constant insulating film having a low flattening effect. As a result, the capacitance CNE can be made larger than that in the case of the matrix structure. Further, since the contact surface of the tactile presentation screen 150 with the tactile presentation knob 3 has few irregularities, a signal voltage is applied because the tactile sensation due to the surface irregularities is not given to the tactile presentation knob 3 when the signal voltage is not applied. The tactile sensation of the tactile presentation knob 3 becomes clearer.
- the tactile presentation knob 3 is slippery on the dielectric layer 106, the change in the electrostatic force between the tactile presentation knob 3 and the tactile electrode 102 changes the frictional force. It becomes easy for the user to perceive it. This can give a greater tactile sensation to the user.
- the tactile presentation knob 3 slippery on the dielectric layer 106 it is necessary to suppress the adhesion between the dielectric layer 106 and the tactile presentation knob 3. Therefore, for example, on the outermost surface of the dielectric layer 106, on the contact surface of the conductive elastic portion 6 with the dielectric layer 106, or both, the water repellency is higher than that inside the dielectric layer 106.
- a film having the above may be provided.
- FIG . 20 is a schematic diagram illustrating the capacitance CNE formed between the tactile electrode 102 and the tactile presentation knob 3 when the pitch PE of the tactile electrode 102 is larger than the diameter RFE of the tactile presentation knob 3. It is a figure.
- FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram illustrating a capacitance CNE formed between the tactile electrode 102 and the tactile presentation knob 3 when the pitch PE of the tactile electrode 102 is smaller than the diameter RFE .
- the tactile presentation knob 3 in order to facilitate the position of the tactile presentation knob 3 so as to straddle the first electrode 102a and the second electrode 102b, for example, when the tactile presentation knob 3 is divided as in the conductive elastic portion 6 shown in FIG. It is preferable that the width 6b of the elastically elastic portion 6 is larger than the pitch PE of the tactile electrode 102. Further, when the conductive elastic portion 6 is not divided into several parts, it is preferable that the outer diameter 6a of the conductive elastic portion 6 is larger than the pitch PE of the tactile electrode 102.
- FIG. 22 is a schematic view showing the structure of the rotating portion 4 of the tactile presentation knob 3.
- FIG. 23 is a schematic view of the fixing portion 5 when the rotating portion 4 is placed on the contact surface of the tactile presentation panel 100 and rotated when the position where the tactile presentation knob 3 is placed is fixed at one place.
- FIG. 24 is a schematic view of a rotation shaft portion 5a that suppresses horizontal movement when the rotating portion 4 of the tactile presentation knob 3 is placed on the contact surface of the tactile presentation panel 100 and rotated.
- the rotating portion 4 and the fixing portion 5 are both made of metal such as aluminum, SUS, and copper, and polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, ABS resin, AS resin, acrylic resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl alcohol, and polychloride.
- Vinylidene polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, modified polyphenylene ether, polyamide, polybutylene terephthalate, polyacetal, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, polyarylate, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polyamideimide, polyetherimide, thermoplastic polyimide, polyphenylene sulfid, liquid crystal It consists of resins such as polyethylene, polyether ether ketone, and fluororesin. Since the operation feeling and the tactile sensation change depending on the weight of the tactile presentation knob 3, the material is selected according to the user's preference, the usage environment of the tactile presentation knob 3, the purpose of use, and the like.
- the surface portion 10s and the boundary portion conductive portion that come into contact with the indicator body 2 of the rotating portion side surface 10 16s is made of a metal or a conductive resin material (preferably with a resistance of 103 ⁇ or less).
- the resistance values of the surface portion 10s and the boundary portion conductive portion 16s are the wiring resistance of the tactile electrode 102, the resistance of the conductive elastic portion 6, and the conductive elasticity of the tactile electrode 102 in the RC circuit formed between the dielectric layer 106. It is desirable to set the value so that the capacitance C formed between the portions 6 is the largest.
- the tactile presentation knob 3 has the same cylindrical shape as the shape of the shaft portion 14 and the shape of the hole portion of the fixing hole 9, and the shaft portion 14 of the fixing portion 5 (rotating shaft portion 5a) is used as the fixing hole 9 of the rotating portion. It means something that is plugged in and integrated. It is desirable that the gap between the shaft portion 14 and the fixing hole 9 is as narrow as possible within the range in which the rotating portion 4 rotates smoothly. When the gap between the shaft portion 14 and the fixing hole 9 is narrow, the shake of the rotating shaft when the tactile presentation knob 3 is rotated becomes small, and the original tactile sense such as the shaking and vibration of the rotating portion 4 caused by the shake of the rotating shaft is presented.
- the rotating portion 4 it is desirable that the surface unevenness on the surface of the shaft portion 14 and the inner surface portion of the fixing hole 9 is as small as possible, and it is desirable that the surface roughness is Ra 0.5 ⁇ m or less in both cases. ..
- the inner diameter tolerance of the fixing hole 9 is preferably 0 to +0.5 mm, and the outer diameter tolerance of the shaft portion 14 is preferably ⁇ 0.0005 mm.
- the fixed portion 5 (rotating shaft portion 5a) is a portion that serves as a rotating shaft (central axis) when the rotating portion 4 rotates, and serves to keep the operation surface of the tactile presentation panel 100 and the rotating shaft of the rotating portion 4 vertical. do. Therefore, the center of the shaft portion 14 of the fixing portion 5 (rotating shaft portion 5a) is orthogonal to the bottom surface portion 15 and the adhesive portion 17 (shaft structure holding portion 17a), and the adhesive portion 17 (shaft structure holding portion 17a).
- the bottom surface of the conductive elastic portion 6 is flat, and the contact surface of the conductive elastic portion 6 with the tactile presentation panel 100 and the adhesive portion 17 (shaft structure holding portion 17a) are located on the same plane.
- FIG. 23 shows the case where the diameter of the adhesive portion 17 and the diameter of the fixing base 13 are the same, the diameter of the shaft structure holding portion 17a and the diameter of the fixing base 13 may be different as shown in FIG. 24. ..
- the fixing portion 5 it is possible to stabilize the rotation axis of the tactile presentation knob 3 at the time of operation and generate a clearer tactile sensation.
- the surface portion 10s and the boundary portion conductive portion 16s of the rotating portion side surface 10 of the rotating portion 4 to which the indicator body 2 comes into contact when rotating the rotating portion 4 are made of a conductive material, and are formed on the conductive elastic portion 6 and the position detecting portion 7. Is also electrically connected. The presence or absence of contact with the surface of the rotating portion 4 of the user is detected, and the accumulation of electric charges in the conductive elastic portion 6 is suppressed.
- the surface portion 10s and the boundary portion conductive portion 16s are made of the same material as the conductive elastic portion 6.
- the metal has a low resistance
- the surface portion 10s and the boundary portion conductive portion 16s may be formed by coating with metal plating or the like. Details will be described later.
- the conductive elastic portion 6 is a conductor that forms a capacitance with the tactile electrode 102.
- the conductive elastic portion 6 is divided into two or more, and prevents the tactile strength from being lowered. The details of this effect will be described later. Since the conductive elastic portion 6 has elasticity, it has an effect of suppressing a decrease in tactile strength due to a decrease in adhesion. Conductive elasticity due to a decrease in flatness due to the processing accuracy of the rotating portion 4 and the fixing portion 5 (rotating shaft portion 5a) and the assembly accuracy of the tactile presentation screen 150, unevenness, and minute irregularities on the surface of the tactile presentation panel 100.
- the tactile electrode 102 and the conductive elastic portion 6 form a capacitance not only through the dielectric layer but also through air having a small dielectric constant. As a result, the capacitance formed between the tactile electrode 102 and the conductive elastic portion 6 is reduced, resulting in a decrease in tactile strength. Since the conductive elastic portion 6 has elasticity, it is possible to fill the gap between the dielectric layer and the conductive elastic portion 6 due to unevenness, and to prevent a decrease in tactile strength due to a decrease in adhesion.
- the materials used for the conductive elastic portion 6 and the position detection portion 7 are natural rubber (NR), isoprene rubber (IR), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), and chloroprene rubber (CR).
- NR natural rubber
- IR isoprene rubber
- SBR styrene butadiene rubber
- CR chloroprene rubber
- NBR Acrylonitrile rubber
- HNBR hydrided nitrile rubber
- IIR butyl rubber
- EPDM ethylene propylene rubber
- CSM chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber
- silicone rubber VMQ
- fluororubber (FKM) fluorosilicone
- Thermo-curable elastomers such as rubber (FVMQ), acrylic rubber (ACM), and urethane rubber (U) can be used.
- the base material is a thermoplastic elastomer such as polyurethane-based (TPU), polystyrene-based (TPS), olefin / alken-based (TPO), polyvinyl chloride-based (TPVC), polyester-based (TPEE), and polyamide-based (TPAE).
- TPU polyurethane-based
- TPS polystyrene-based
- TPO olefin / alken-based
- TPVC polyvinyl chloride-based
- TPEE polyester-based
- TPAE polyamide-based
- An elastic resin material called conductive rubber mixed with a conductive substance such as conductive carbon black or metal powder can be used.
- carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can also be used.
- the volume resistivity may be 106 ⁇ cm or less, and the lower the volume resistivity, the more difficult it is for electric charges to accumulate in the conductive elastic portion 6. Details of the charge accumulation in the conductive elastic portion 6 will be described later. Further, since a capacitance is formed with the tactile electrode 102, it is desirable that the withstand voltage characteristic be as high as possible because the life and reliability of the conductive elastic portion 6 are improved.
- the position detection unit 7 forms a capacitance with the detection electrode 203 of the touch screen 250, and is used for detecting the position and the amount of rotation of the tactile presentation knob 3.
- the material forming the position detection unit 7 is a conductor capable of forming a capacitance with the detection electrode 203, has elasticity similar to that of the conductive elastic portion 6, and uses the same material as the conductive elastic portion 6 as a base material. You may. Good adhesion to the tactile presentation panel 100 is less likely to cause a difference between the design value and the actual capacitance value, and stable position detection accuracy can be obtained.
- the resistance value increases as the amount of carbon black or metal powder that provides conductivity decreases, and the tactile sensation.
- the capacitance formed between the electrode 102 and the conductive elastic portion 6 becomes smaller.
- the resistance value is increased, and the capacitance formed between the tactile electrode 102 and the conductive elastic portion 6 can be increased.
- the conductive elastic portion 6 and the position detecting portion 7 By making the conductive elastic portion 6 and the position detecting portion 7 the same thickness so that they are in close contact with the surface of the tactile presentation panel 100 without forming a gap, strong tactile strength and highly accurate position detection can be obtained. can get.
- the flatness of the surface where the conductive elastic portion 6 and the position detection portion 7 and the tactile presentation panel 100 are in contact is 0.5 mm or less. Is desirable. Further, since it is said that the diameter of the contact area of a human finger with respect to the touch surface when operating the touch panel is about 3 mm for a child and 7 to 10 mm at the maximum for an adult, the area of the position detection unit 7 is 7 mm 2 . It can be considered that it is 400 mm 2 or less.
- FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram illustrating the capacitance profile of the lines CC when the touch panel 200 at the time of detecting the position of the tactile presentation knob 3 detects it.
- the generation of the tactile sensation on the tactile presentation knob 3 and the position detection of the tactile presentation knob 3 are performed by dividing the time.
- the detection electrode 203 and the excitation electrode 202 are arbitrary so as not to form a capacitance with 0V or the tactile electrode 102 and cause a voltage drop applied to the tactile electrode 102. Apply voltage.
- the tactile electrode 102 When the detection electrode 203 is detecting the position, the tactile electrode 102 is in a floating state, and the conductive elastic portion 6 and the detection electrode 203 form a capacitance via the tactile electrode 102, whereby the excitation electrode 202 and the detection electrode are formed. The amount of change in capacitance with 203 is detected, and the position of the tactile presentation knob 3 is detected.
- the detection electrode 203 detects the capacitance by forming a capacitance with both the position detection unit 7 and the conductive elastic portion 6. At that time, since there is a gap 8, the capacitance profile with the position detection unit 7 and the capacitance profile with the conductive elastic portion 6 have peaks at different positions, and each position is separately detected.
- the rotation amount of the tactile presentation knob 3 when there is one position detection unit 7, the rotation amount is calculated as the movement only in the rotation direction from the movement amount of the position detection unit 7 from the initial position.
- the position detection unit 7 does not necessarily have to be one.
- the direction vectors P1-P2 between the position detection units 7 at the initial positions (P1, P2) and the positions after movement (P1', P2') are used.
- the angle of rotation ⁇ can be calculated from the direction vector P1'-P2'.
- P1' R ⁇ P1- (RI) ⁇ P0 + Txy ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (2)
- P2' R ⁇ P2- (RI) ⁇ P0 + Txy ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (3)
- P1'-P2' R ... (P1-P2) ... (4)
- Txy P1'-P1 ... (5)
- the rotation angle and the rotation angle change direction of the immediately preceding position detection unit 7 are referred to, and addition / subtraction correction of 360 degrees ⁇ n (n is an integer) is performed.
- the rotation angle from the initial position can be calculated by performing. As the number of pairs of each position detection unit 7 used for calculation increases, the measurement accuracy of the rotation angle improves, but since the area of the conductive elastic unit 6 becomes smaller, the position detection unit balances the tactile strength and the measurement accuracy of the rotation angle. The number of 7 is determined.
- a designated position line 11 (see FIG. 22) indicating the designated position of the tactile presentation knob 3 may be arranged on the rotating portion 4 to visualize the knob position.
- the position detection unit 7 When the designated position line 11 is arranged, by arranging the position detection unit 7 directly below the designated position line 11, it can be calculated as the amount of movement from the position (origin) that should be the initial state of the designated position line 11, so that the calculation process can be performed. It can be simplified.
- FIG. 27 shows an example of the positional relationship between the conductive elastic portion 6 and the position detecting portion 7 in the tactile presentation knob 3.
- the distance between the conductive elastic portion 6 and the position detecting portion 7 is set between the gap 8 and the adjacent conductive elastic portions 6.
- the distance between the conductive elastic portions 6 when the position detecting portion 7 is not arranged between them is indicated by a gap 8a.
- the surface of the tactile presentation panel 100 is uneven, whether or not the indicator 2 is likely to feel it depends on the distance between the electrodes of the tactile electrodes 102 as described later.
- the capacity formed between the conductive elastic portion 6 and the tactile electrode 102 can be increased. Therefore, a stronger tactile sensation can be generated.
- the edge portion 181 (see FIG. 27) of the conductive elastic portion 6 is the tactile electrode 102.
- the distance between the electrodes of the tactile electrode 102 is narrower than that of the gap 8 because the tactile sensation is unintentionally generated on the tactile presentation knob 3 due to the unevenness of the surface caused by the distance between the electrodes. Further, it is desirable that the distance between the electrodes of the tactile electrode 102 is narrow because the occupied area of the tactile electrode 102 is large, the capacitance formed with the conductive elastic portion 6 is large, and the obtained tactile strength is also large.
- FIG. 28 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of the tactile presentation touch panel 400.
- the excitation electrodes Ty (1) to Ty (m) are provided as the plurality of excitation electrodes 202
- the detection electrodes Tx (1) to Tx (n) are provided as the plurality of detection electrodes 203
- the plurality of tactile electrodes 102 are provided. It is assumed that the tactile electrodes H (1) to H (j) are provided.
- the tactile electrodes H (1) to H (n) are arranged in order according to the numbers in parentheses, the odd tactile electrode 102 corresponds to the first electrode 102a, and the even tactile electrode 102 corresponds to the second electrode 102b. It corresponds.
- one excitation electrode 202 constitutes one row direction wiring layer 206 (see FIG. 8 or FIG. 10), and one detection electrode 203 constitutes one column direction wiring layer 207 (see FIG. 8 or FIG. 10). (See FIG. 8 or FIG. 10) is configured.
- the tactile presentation touch panel 400 has a touch panel 200 and a tactile presentation panel 100.
- the touch panel 200 has a touch screen 250 and a touch detection circuit 210.
- the tactile presentation panel 100 includes a tactile presentation screen 150 and a voltage supply circuit 110.
- the touch detection circuit 210 includes an excitation pulse generation circuit 215, a charge detection circuit 212, a touch coordinate calculation circuit 214, and a touch detection control circuit 213.
- the touch detection control circuit 213 controls the operations of the excitation pulse generation circuit 215, the charge detection circuit 212, and the touch coordinate calculation circuit 214.
- the excitation pulse generation circuit 215 sequentially applies an excitation pulse signal to the excitation electrodes Ty (1) to Ty (m).
- the charge detection circuit 212 measures signals obtained from each of the detection electrodes Tx (1) to Tx (n). As a result, the charge detection circuit 212 detects the amount of charge of each of the detection electrodes Tx (1) to Tx (n).
- the information of the charge detection result is the excitation electrode Ty (k) and the detection electrodes Tx (1) to Tx (n) when the excitation pulse signal is applied to the excitation electrode Ty (k), where k is an integer of 1 or more and m or less. ) Represents a value corresponding to the mutual capacity with each of them.
- the charge detection circuit 212 can recognize which of the excitation electrodes Ty (1) to Ty (m) the excitation pulse signal is applied to by the control signal from the touch detection control circuit 213.
- the touch coordinate calculation circuit 214 obtains data on the coordinates touched by the indicator 2 (hereinafter referred to as “touch coordinate data”) based on the charge detection result.
- the touch coordinate data is output to the knob movement amount calculation circuit 220, and is also output to the tactile formation condition conversion circuit 120 and the tactile presentation control circuit 114 (tactile presentation circuit) as touch operation information.
- the knob movement amount calculation circuit 220 outputs information on the angle of rotation, rotation speed, and horizontal movement distance as the movement amount of the knob to the tactile formation condition conversion circuit 120 (tactile intensity calculation circuit) and the display screen processing circuit 321.
- the tactile formation condition conversion circuit 120 outputs the electric signal condition that realizes the tactile strength (operation feeling strength) calculated based on the input information to the tactile presentation control circuit 114.
- the voltage supply circuit 110 includes a switch circuit 112, a tactile presentation voltage generation circuit 113, and a tactile presentation control circuit 114.
- the tactile presentation voltage generation circuit 113 applies a voltage signal Va to the first electrode 102a of the tactile electrodes H (1) to H (j) via the switch circuit 112, and the voltage signal V b to the second electrode 102 b . Is applied. In other words, the voltage signal Va and the voltage signal V b are alternately applied to the tactile electrodes H (1) to H (j) arranged in one direction (horizontal direction in the figure ) .
- the switch circuit 112 takes an on state or an off state based on a command from the tactile presentation voltage generation circuit 113.
- the switch circuit 112 connects the tactile electrode 102 to the tactile presentation voltage generation circuit 113 in the on state, and puts the tactile electrode 102 in the floating state in the off state.
- the switch circuit 112 has two switches 40, one to switch the electrical path to all the first electrodes 102a and the other to all the second electrodes 102b. Switch the electrical path. These two switches 40 may be controlled in conjunction with each other.
- the switch 40 corresponds to a switching unit.
- the tactile presentation control circuit 114 refers to the tactile intensity information calculated by the tactile formation condition conversion circuit 120.
- the tactile presentation control circuit 114 can control the operation of the tactile presentation voltage generation circuit 113 based on this information. That is, the touch detection circuit 210 also functions as a contact detection unit for detecting that the user has touched the tactile presentation knob 3.
- FIG. 29 is a schematic diagram showing an image of the capacitance between the excitation electrode 202 and the detection electrode 203 when the indicator 2 is not in contact with the tactile presentation knob 3.
- FIG. 30 is a timing chart schematically showing the operation timing of the tactile presentation touch panel 400 (see FIG. 28) when the indicator 2 is not in contact with the tactile presentation knob 3.
- both the conductive elastic portion 6 and the tactile electrode 102 are in a floating state and at the same potential as the detection electrode 203, and the charge detection circuit 212 has the detection electrode 203 and the excitation electrode.
- the amount of electric charge mainly due to the capacitance with 202 is detected.
- the touch detection control circuit 213 also outputs the control signal to the tactile presentation voltage generation circuit 113.
- the tactile presentation voltage generation circuit 113 can recognize the touch detection period P1. In the touch detection period P1, the tactile presentation voltage generation circuit 113 shuts off the switch 40 of the switch circuit 112. This breaks the electrical connection between the tactile presentation voltage generation circuit 113 and all tactile electrodes 102. As a result, the potentials of all the tactile electrodes 102 are in a floating state.
- the tactile electrode 102 When the distance between the electrodes of the tactile electrode 102 is wide and the position detection unit 7 of the detection electrode 203 and the tactile presentation knob 3 forms a capacitance through the gap between the electrodes of the tactile electrode 102, the tactile electrode 102 is floated. It is not necessary to do so, and it may be fixed to the detection GND or an arbitrary fixed potential. For the potential of the tactile electrode 102, the potential at which the amount of charge mainly due to the capacitance between the detection electrode 203 and the excitation electrode 202 is most easily detected is selected.
- the touch coordinate calculation circuit 214 receives and holds the charge detection result of the mutual capacitance corresponding to each of the excitation electrodes Ty (1) to Ty (m) input and held from the charge detection circuit 212.
- touch by the indicator 2 based on the charge detection result of the capacitance of all the intersections formed by the excitation electrodes Ty (1) to Ty (m) and the detection electrodes Tx (1) to Tx (n). Determine if there is.
- the proximity or contact of the indicator 2 such as a finger relaxes the electric field coupling between the excitation electrode 202 and the detection electrode 203, resulting in a decrease in charge charge in the mutual capacitance.
- the touch coordinate calculation circuit 214 can determine the presence or absence of touch.
- the touch coordinate calculation circuit 214 determines that there is a touch
- the touch coordinate calculation circuit 214 starts calculating the touch coordinate data based on the charge detection result.
- the touch coordinate calculation circuit 214 performs arithmetic processing such as calculation of the center of gravity on the detection result of the intersection having the largest decrease in charge charge and the intersection around the intersection, so that the touch coordinates can be calculated.
- the data can be calculated.
- the touch coordinate calculation circuit 214 determines that there is no touch, the touch coordinate data is not calculated and the process returns to the touch detection period P1.
- the touch coordinate calculation circuit 214 touch-detects a signal indicating a determination result of the presence / absence of contact with the touch panel surface of the indicator 2 and the presence / absence of contact with the tactile presentation knob 3. It is given to the control circuit 213. If the determination result of the presence or absence of contact with the tactile presentation knob 3 of the indicator body 2 is not obtained, the operations of P1 to P3 are repeated.
- FIG. 31 is a schematic diagram showing an image of the capacitance between the excitation electrode 202 and the position detection unit 7 when the indicator 2 is in contact with the tactile presentation knob 3.
- FIG. 32 is a timing chart schematically showing the operation timing of the tactile presentation touch panel 400 (see FIG. 28) when the indicator 2 is in contact with the tactile presentation knob 3.
- the conductive elastic portion 6 When the indicator 2 is in contact with the tactile presentation knob 3, the conductive elastic portion 6 is in a state of being grounded via the tactile presentation knob 3 and the indicator 2, and the detection electrode 203 is conductive via the tactile electrode 102. Capacitance is formed with the elastic elastic portion 6, and the capacitance between the detection electrode 203 and the excitation electrode 202 is reduced. As a result, the amount of charge detected by the charge detection circuit 212 is reduced, and it is detected that the indicator 2 is in contact with the tactile presentation knob 3.
- a control signal representing the first conversion timing is output from the touch detection control circuit 213 to the excitation pulse generation circuit 215.
- the excitation pulse generation circuit 215 gives an excitation pulse signal (charge pulse signal) to the excitation electrode Ty (1).
- the inter-electrode capacitance (mutual capacitance) between the excitation electrode Ty (1) and each of the detection electrodes Tx (1) to Tx (n) intersecting the excitation electrode Ty (1) in a plan view is charged.
- the charge detection circuit 212 detects the amount of charge due to the charging using the detection electrodes Tx (1) to Tx (n).
- the charge detection circuit 212 performs analog / digital conversion (A / D conversion) on the detection result, and the digital information obtained by the analog / digital conversion is used as the charge detection result of the mutual capacitance corresponding to the excitation electrode Ty (1). Is output to the touch coordinate calculation circuit 214. Similarly, control signals representing the second to mth conversion timings are sequentially output from the touch detection control circuit 213 to the excitation pulse generation circuit 215. The charge detection results of the mutual capacitance corresponding to the excitation electrodes Ty (2) to Ty (m) are output to the touch coordinate calculation circuit 214 corresponding to each of the second to m conversion timings.
- the touch detection control circuit 213 also outputs the control signal to the tactile presentation voltage generation circuit 113. Based on this control signal, the tactile presentation voltage generation circuit 113 can recognize the touch detection period P1. In the touch detection period P1, the tactile presentation voltage generation circuit 113 shuts off the switch 40 of the switch circuit 112. This breaks the electrical connection between the tactile presentation voltage generation circuit 113 and all tactile electrodes 102. As a result, the potentials of all the tactile electrodes 102 are in a floating state.
- the touch coordinate calculation circuit 214 receives and holds the charge detection result of the mutual capacitance corresponding to each of the excitation electrodes Ty (1) to Ty (m) input and held from the charge detection circuit 212.
- touch by the indicator 2 based on the charge detection result of the capacitance of all the intersections formed by the excitation electrodes Ty (1) to Ty (m) and the detection electrodes Tx (1) to Tx (n). Determine if there is.
- the proximity or contact of the indicator 2 such as a finger relaxes the electric field coupling between the excitation electrode 202 and the detection electrode 203, resulting in a decrease in charge charge in the mutual capacitance.
- the touch coordinate calculation circuit 214 can determine the presence or absence of touch.
- the touch coordinate calculation circuit 214 determines that there is a touch
- the touch coordinate calculation circuit 214 starts calculating the touch coordinate data based on the charge detection result. Specifically, the touch coordinate calculation circuit 214 touches the detection result of the intersection having the largest decrease in charge charge and the intersection around the intersection by performing arithmetic processing such as calculation of the center of gravity. Coordinate data can be calculated.
- the touch coordinate calculation circuit 214 determines that there is no touch, the touch coordinate data is not calculated and the process returns to the touch detection period P1. In order to enable such processing, the touch coordinate calculation circuit 214 assigns a signal representing a determination result of presence / absence of touch to the touch detection control circuit 213.
- the touch coordinate calculation circuit 214 outputs the touch coordinate data to the knob movement amount calculation circuit 220 and touch operation according to the touch coordinate data transmission timing from the touch detection control circuit 213. It is also output as information to the tactile formation condition conversion circuit 120 and the tactile presentation control circuit 114.
- the tactile presentation control circuit 114 determines the position of the tactile presentation knob 3 from the touch coordinate data, and determines the area for tactile presentation.
- the tactile presentation control circuit 114 selects the tactile presentation signal waveform (voltage signal waveform) corresponding to the coordinates of the display screen and the tactile presentation knob 3 based on the input from the tactile formation condition conversion circuit 120.
- This "tactile presentation signal waveform” defines the respective waveforms of the voltage signal Va and the voltage signal V b .
- the difference in waveform between the voltage signal Va and the voltage signal V b is typically a difference in frequency.
- the tactile presentation signal waveform is set inside or outside the tactile presentation control circuit 114.
- the type of the tactile presentation signal waveform may be one or more. When there is only one type of tactile presentation signal waveform, the process of selecting the tactile presentation signal waveform is not necessary. When there is more than one type of tactile presentation signal waveform, the type of tactile presentation signal waveform is selected based on the input from the tactile formation condition conversion circuit 120.
- the tactile presentation control circuit 114 generates a tactile presentation signal with the tactile presentation signal waveform.
- the switch 40 connected to the tactile electrode 102 in the region where the tactile presentation signal of the switch circuit 112 is input is connected to the tactile presentation voltage generation circuit 113 and is connected to the tactile electrode 102 in the region where the tactile presentation signal is not input.
- the connected switch 40 is connected to the GND, or the tactile electrode 102 is floated without turning on the switch as it is.
- a signal is applied to the tactile electrode 102, so that the tactile sensation is presented.
- an AC signal having an H level (high level) and an L level (low level) is applied to the tactile electrode 102.
- the tactile electrode 102 is charged at a high voltage of the positive electrode, typically plus a few tens of volts, during the H level period, discharged during the period of 0 level, and has a high voltage of the negative electrode, typically a negative number, at the L level. It is charged with 10 volts.
- the generation cycle and generation period of the pulse signal can be appropriately set based on the input from the tactile formation condition conversion circuit 120.
- the process After the tactile presentation signal application period P5, the process returns to the touch detection period P1. As a result, the above-mentioned operation is repeated. As a result, the tactile presentation touch panel 400 can detect the position of the tactile presentation knob 3 and present the tactile sensation according to the position of the tactile presentation knob 3 and the display screen.
- FIG. 33 is a schematic diagram showing the formation of capacitance in the tactile presentation touch panel 400 during the touch detection period P1 (see FIG. 32).
- a capacitance CND is formed between the indicator 2 and the detection electrode 203.
- the potentials of all the tactile electrodes 102 are in a floating state. This prevents the tactile electrode 102 from functioning as a shield. Therefore, the sensitivity of touch detection can be increased.
- FIG. 34 is a schematic diagram showing the formation of capacitance in the tactile presentation touch display 1 during the tactile presentation signal application period P5 (see FIG. 32).
- the potentials of the excitation electrode 202 and the detection electrode 203 of the touch panel 200 may be in a floating state. As a result, it is possible to suppress the influence of the capacitance formation by the excitation electrode 202 and the detection electrode 203 on the capacitance CNE .
- the potentials of the excitation electrode 202 and the detection electrode 203 of the touch panel 200 may be substantially constant, and for example, the excitation electrode 202 and the detection electrode 203 may be connected to the ground potential with low impedance.
- the excitation electrode 202 and the detection electrode 203 can function as a shield between the tactile electrode 102 and the display panel 300. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the generation of noise in the display panel 300 due to the high voltage signal applied to the tactile electrode 102. Therefore, it is possible to prevent display defects due to noise. On the contrary, it is suppressed that noise is generated in the tactile electrode 102 due to the display panel 300.
- the conductive elastic portion 6 forms a electrostatic capacity with the tactile electrode 102, and the tactile electrode is on a surface of the conductive elastic portion 6 in contact with the dielectric layer 106.
- a charge having a potential opposite to the voltage of 102 is accumulated, and an electrostatic force is generated between the conductive elastic portion 6 and the dielectric layer 106.
- the frictional force between the conductive elastic portion 6 and the dielectric layer 106 changes, and the torque of the knob changes when the tactile presentation knob 3 is rotated due to the change in the frictional force, and the tactile presentation knob 3 is used. It feels like an operation when rotated.
- both the excitation electrode 202 and the detection electrode 203 may be in the floating state, or one of them may be in the floating state. Further, when a constant potential is used, both the excitation electrode 202 and the detection electrode 203 may be set to a constant potential, or one may be set to a constant potential. One of the excitation electrode 202 and the detection electrode 203 may be in a floating state, and the other may be in a constant potential. When the distances between the excitation electrode 202 and the detection electrode 203 and the tactile electrode 102 are different, the one closer to the tactile electrode 102 of the excitation electrode 202 and the detection electrode 203 is in a floating state, and the one farther away is a constant potential. May be done.
- the touch coordinate data is sent from the touch detection circuit 210 to the voltage supply circuit 110, but as a modification, the charge detection result information is sent from the charge detection circuit 212 to the voltage supply circuit 110. May be done.
- the tactile presentation control circuit 114 determines the presence or absence of touch and calculates the touch coordinates using the information of the charge detection result.
- the bottom surface portion 15 may be fixed on the tactile presentation panel 100 in close contact with the surface. Further, when the position where the tactile presentation knob 3 is placed on the tactile presentation panel 100 is not changed during or for each operation (when the position of the tactile presentation knob 3 is fixed and used), the bottom surface portion 15 is used as the tactile presentation panel 100. It may be fixed by adhering it on the adhesive portion 17.
- FIG. 35 is an image diagram schematically showing the movement of electric charges when the electric charges accumulated in the conductive elastic portion 6 when a signal voltage is applied are grounded via the indicator body 2. Since the conductive elastic portion 6 is made by mixing conductive carbon black or metal particles with an insulating resin, it has a relatively high resistance and tends to accumulate electric charges. When the electric charge is accumulated in the conductive elastic portion 6, the electrostatic force between the conductive elastic portion 6 and the tactile electrode 102 does not change due to the signal voltage, and the tactile strength is lowered.
- the conductive elastic portions 6 divided into two or more when the signal voltage is applied forms a capacitance with the tactile electrode 102, and at least one of them is connected to the ground.
- the tactile electrode 102 By driving the tactile electrode 102 so as to be connected to the tactile electrode 102 connected to the tactile electrode 102 (see FIG. 36 described later) via the dielectric layer 106, the electric charge accumulated in the conductive elastic portion 6 is transferred via the indicator body 2.
- the tactile electrode 102 connected to the charge discharging unit 115 does not need to be fixed, and may be driven by switching between the application of the signal voltage and the connection to the charge discharging unit 115 in the same tactile electrode 102, and the signal voltage is applied.
- the tactile electrode 102 to be connected to the tactile electrode 102 and the tactile electrode 102 connected to the charge discharging unit 115 may be alternately arranged. However, no electrostatic force is generated on the tactile electrode 102 connected to the charge discharging unit 115.
- the number of the tactile electrodes 102 to which the signal voltage is applied is larger than the number of the tactile electrodes 102 connected to the charge discharging unit 115, or is connected to the charge discharging unit 115.
- the effective area of the conductive elastic portion 6 that generates an electrostatic force between the tactile electrode 102 and the tactile electrode 102 by making the time shorter than the time for applying the signal voltage forms a capacity with the charge discharging portion 115. It is preferable that the area is larger than the effective area of the conductive elastic portion 6.
- FIG. 36 At least one of the conductive elastic portions 6 divided into two or more forms a capacitance with the tactile electrode 102, and at least one is connected to the tactile electrode 102 connected to the ground via the dielectric layer 106.
- the tactile presentation control circuit 114 determines the position where the tactile presentation knob 3 is placed from the touch coordinate data, determines the area for tactile presentation, and divides the area into two or more. Then, the area for inputting the tactile presentation signal and the area for connecting to the GND are determined.
- the tactile presentation control circuit 114 selects the tactile presentation signal waveform corresponding to the coordinates of the display screen and the tactile presentation knob 3 based on the input from the tactile formation condition conversion circuit 120.
- This "tactile presentation signal waveform” defines the respective waveforms of the voltage signal Va and the voltage signal Vb.
- the difference in waveform between the voltage signal Va and the voltage signal Vb is typically a difference in frequency.
- the tactile presentation signal waveform is set inside or outside the tactile presentation control circuit 114.
- the type of the tactile presentation signal waveform may be one or more. When there is only one type of tactile presentation signal waveform, the process of selecting the tactile presentation signal waveform is not necessary. When there is more than one type of tactile presentation signal waveform, the type of tactile presentation signal waveform is selected based on the input from the tactile formation condition conversion circuit 120.
- the tactile presentation control circuit 114 generates a tactile presentation signal with the tactile presentation signal waveform.
- the switch 40 connected to the tactile electrode 102 in the region where the tactile presentation signal of the switch circuit 112 is input is connected to the tactile presentation voltage generation circuit 113 and is connected to the tactile electrode 102 in the region connected to GND.
- the switch 40 is connected to GND.
- the switch 40 connected to the tactile electrode 102 in the region where the tactile presentation signal is not input connects to GND or leaves the tactile electrode 102 floating without turning on the switch 40. As a result, a signal is applied to the tactile electrode 102, so that the tactile sensation is presented.
- an AC signal having an H level (high level) and an L level (low level) is applied to the tactile electrode 102.
- the tactile electrode 102 is charged at a high voltage of the positive electrode, typically plus a few tens of volts, during the H level period, discharged during the period of 0 level, and has a high voltage of the negative electrode, typically negative at the L level. It is charged with several tens of volts.
- the generation cycle and generation period of the pulse signal can be appropriately set based on the input from the tactile formation condition conversion circuit 120.
- the process After the tactile presentation signal application period P5, the process returns to the touch detection period P1. As a result, the above-mentioned operation is repeated. As a result, the tactile presentation touch panel 400 can detect the position of the tactile presentation knob 3 and present the tactile sensation according to the position of the tactile presentation knob 3 and the display screen.
- the GND terminal is used as the charge discharging unit 115, but other configurations may be used as long as the charge accumulated in the conductive elastic unit 6 can be discharged.
- a positive voltage or a negative voltage that efficiently discharges the electric charge may be applied instead of the GND terminal.
- the tactile electrode 102 As a preferable condition for the tactile electrode 102, firstly, a configuration is desired in which the indicator 2 can be in contact with the tactile electrode 102 without using a member other than the dielectric layer 106. Therefore, it is preferable that the tactile electrode 102 coated on the dielectric layer 106 is arranged on the outermost surface of the tactile presentation touch panel 400.
- the thickness of the dielectric layer 106 is preferably thin, and the dielectric constant of the dielectric layer 106 is preferably large.
- the tactile electrodes 102 are densely present in order to increase the capacitance CNE (see FIG. 34) when the tactile sensation is generated, while when the touch position is detected (see FIG. 32), it is desired. It is preferable that the capacitance CE between the tactile electrodes 102, that is, the capacitance between the electrodes is small so as not to inhibit the formation of the capacitance CND .
- the tactile presentation touch panel 400 When the size of the tactile presentation touch panel 400 is larger than that of the tactile presentation knob 3 and the area where the tactile presentation knob 3 is not placed is used as a touch panel that does not present the tactile sensation, when the indicator 2 is not in contact with the tactile presentation knob 3, the tactile sensation The operation timing (see FIG. 29) when the indicator 2 is not in contact with the tactile presentation knob 3 on the entire surface of the presentation touch panel 400 is repeated.
- touch position is calculated and output.
- the touch detection in the area where the tactile presentation knob 3 is not placed is stopped, and only the area where the tactile presentation knob 3 is placed is set to the tactile presentation knob 3 as described above. It operates at the operation timing when the indicator 2 is in contact (see FIG. 31).
- the entire surface of the tactile presentation touch panel 400 is used as the tactile presentation knob 3 for the indicator 2 Repeats the operation timing (see FIG. 29) when they are not in contact with each other.
- the operation is performed at the operation timing when the indicator 2 is in contact with the tactile presentation knob 3 as described above (see FIG. 31).
- the touch detection in the area where the tactile presentation knob 3 is not placed is stopped, and only the area where the tactile presentation knob 3 is placed is set to the tactile presentation knob 3 as described above. It operates at the operation timing when the indicator 2 is in contact (see FIG. 31).
- the excitation electrode 202 and the detection electrode 203 As a suitable condition for the excitation electrode 202 and the detection electrode 203, first, in order to secure the sensitivity and linearity of the touch position detection, a matrix structure capable of accurately identifying the touch position is required. Secondly, in order to detect the touch position by the capacitance CND formed by the indicator 2 and the detection electrode 203 via the tactile presentation screen 150, the excitation electrode 202 and the detection electrode 203 are arranged so that the electric field spreads in the lateral direction. It is necessary to provide a predetermined distance (several hundred ⁇ m or more and several mm or less) between the two.
- the lead-out wiring layer 105 (FIG. 15) of the tactile presentation screen 150 has the lead-out wiring layers Ld (1) to Ld (j) and the lead-out wiring layers Lu (1) to Lu (j). ..
- Each of the lead-out wiring layers Ld (k) and Lu (k) is connected to the k-th tactile electrode 102, where k is any integer from the numbers 1 to j.
- Each of the lead wiring layers Ld (k) and Lu (k) is connected to one end and the other end in the extending direction of one tactile electrode 102.
- the wiring resistance of each of the tactile electrodes 102 provided on the tactile presentation screen 150 is preferably high, for example, 104 ⁇ or more, from the viewpoint of not hindering the touch detection by the touch screen 250.
- the wiring resistance is high as described above, the propagation delay of the voltage signal in the wiring layer is likely to occur. As described above, the propagation delay can be suppressed by connecting the lead-out wiring layer 105 to each of one end and the other end of the tactile electrode 102.
- the lead-out wiring layers Ld (1) to Ld (j) are arranged outside the tactile presentation area, and the tactile presentation panel terminals are connected to the corresponding electrodes in order from the one closest to the center of the arrangement of the tactile presentation panel terminal portions 107. It extends so that the shortest distance can be obtained from the portion 107.
- the tactile presentation panel terminal portion 107 is arranged near the center of the long side along the long side of the transparent insulating substrate 101.
- the lead-out wiring layers Ld (1) to Ld (j) are arranged as closely as possible while ensuring mutual insulation.
- the lead-out wiring layers Lu (1) to Lu (j) are similarly arranged outside the region occupied by the lead-out wiring layers Ld (1) to Ld (j). With such an arrangement, the area of the outer portion of the transparent insulating substrate 101 outside the tactile presentation area can be suppressed.
- the lead-out wiring layer 105 specifically, the lead-out wiring layers Ld (1) to Ld (j) and the lead-out wiring layers Lu (1) to Lu (j) are a metal single layer film, or a metal single layer and a non-metal single layer. It is preferable that it is composed of any of the laminated films of.
- the upper layer may have a function as a protective layer of the lower layer.
- the upper layer as a protective layer may protect the lower layer from etchants in the etching process used in the manufacture of the tactile presentation screen 150.
- the upper layer may function as a cap layer to prevent corrosion of the lower layer during the manufacture or use of the tactile presentation screen 150.
- the material of the lower layer is a material having better adhesion to the transparent insulating substrate 101 than the material of the upper layer, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of peeling of the lead-out wiring layer 105.
- FIG. 37 is a block diagram showing an outline of the relationship between the display panel, the touch panel, and the tactile presentation panel.
- the knob movement amount calculation circuit 220 (see FIGS. 28 and 36) converts information on the movement amount (rotation angle) of the knob based on the coordinates on the touch panel 200 of the knob obtained by the touch detection circuit 210 into a tactile formation condition conversion circuit. Output to 120 and the display screen processing circuit 321.
- the display screen processing circuit 321 selects a display processing condition corresponding to the movement amount of the knob in the pattern stored in the display processing condition storage device 322 (display condition storage device) in advance. Then, the image information 330 is edited based on the selected display processing conditions, and the image data is transferred to the image signal supply circuit 320.
- the tactile formation condition conversion circuit 120 selects a tactile formation condition, for example, a tactile intensity corresponding to the amount of movement of the knob in the pattern stored in the tactile formation condition storage device 121 (tactile condition storage device) in advance. Then, the voltage supply circuit 110 supplies a voltage signal to the tactile presentation panel 100 based on the selected tactile formation conditions. Therefore, the display change of the display panel according to the rotation amount of the tactile presentation knob 3 and the tactile sensation obtained from the knob are synchronized.
- a tactile formation condition for example, a tactile intensity corresponding to the amount of movement of the knob in the pattern stored in the tactile formation condition storage device 121 (tactile condition storage device) in advance. Then, the voltage supply circuit 110 supplies a voltage signal to the tactile presentation panel 100 based on the selected tactile formation conditions. Therefore, the display change of the display panel according to the rotation amount of the tactile presentation knob 3 and the tactile sensation obtained from the knob are synchronized.
- FIG. 38 is a flowchart illustrating the above tuning process.
- the indicator 2 touches the tactile presentation knob 3 (see FIG. 31) (knob touch) or the tactile presentation touch panel 400 is turned on (power ON)
- the tuning process is started and the tuning process is performed.
- the position coordinates of the tactile presentation knob 3 on the touch panel 200 at the time of starting or when the initial state setting signal of the tactile presentation knob 3 is given to the tactile presentation touch panel 400 are stored as the initial position (step S0).
- step S1 When the contact state between the tactile presentation knob 3 and the indicator 2 is determined (step S1) and it is determined that they are not in contact (No), the hand release operation (contact release) is performed. It is determined that this has been done, and the process proceeds to the release operation process (step S14).
- step S2 On the other hand, when it is determined to be in a contact state (in the case of Yes), the position of the tactile presentation knob 3 on the touch panel 200 is detected and the current coordinates are acquired (step S2). Then, the movement amount (rotation angle) of the tactile presentation knob 3 is calculated from the acquired current coordinates and the initial coordinates (step S3), and the presence or absence of movement is determined from the movement amount (step S4).
- step S11 When it is determined that the tactile presentation knob 3 is not moving (No), it is determined whether the operation in the previous cycle is rotation or translation (step S11), and in the case of translation, translation operation processing (step S15). Move to.
- step S12 the angle-tactile conversion table is referred to by the angle of rotation in the previous cycle (step S12), and a signal is applied to the tactile electrode under the condition of forming the same tactile sensation as in the previous cycle (step S8).
- step S13 If the operation in the previous cycle is rotation, display processing is performed according to the rotation angle in the previous cycle.
- step S5 it is determined whether or not it is a rotational operation. This determination is determined by, for example, the method described with reference to FIG. 26, and if it is determined that it is not a rotational operation (in the case of No), it is determined that it is a translation operation, and the process proceeds to the translation operation process (step S15). ..
- step S6 when it is determined to be a rotational operation (in the case of Yes), it is determined whether or not it is the same as the rotational direction in the previous cycle (step S6). Further, in the case of the rotation operation, the display process according to the rotation angle calculated in step S3 is performed (step S9).
- step S6 When it is determined in step S6 that the rotation direction is the same (in the case of Yes), the same angle-tactile conversion table as in the previous cycle is referred to (step S7), and a signal is applied to the tactile electrode 102 (step S8).
- Step S10 refer to the changed angle-tactile conversion table (step S7), and apply a signal to the tactile electrode 102 (step S8).
- the process proceeds to confirm the contact state between the tactile presentation knob 3 and the indicator 2 in the next cycle.
- FIG. 39 is a schematic view showing the state of the interface between the conductive elastic portion 6 and the display surface when the tactile presentation knob 3 is operated with a weak pressing force F1.
- FIG. 40 is a graph showing the relationship between the sheet thickness of a general rubber sheet and the flatness of one side
- FIG. 41 shows a conductive elastic portion 6 when the tactile presentation knob 3 is operated with a strong pressing force. It is a schematic diagram which showed the state of the interface of a display surface.
- the conductive rubber is manufactured by blending raw materials, refining the rubber into lumps, forming a rubber sheet having a predetermined thickness with a roller, and then vulcanizing the rubber sheet.
- the dimensional tolerance of the thickness of a general rubber sheet is ⁇ 0.2 mm for a thickness of 1.5 mm, ⁇ 0.25 mm for a thickness of 2 mm, and ⁇ 0.3 mm for a thickness of 3 to 4 mm. The thicker the thickness, the larger the dimensional tolerance. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
- the flatness (maximum unevenness) on one side of the rubber sheet is 0.2 mm for a thickness of 1.5 mm, 0.25 mm for a thickness of 2 mm, and 0 for a thickness of 3 to 4 mm. It is .3 mm.
- the permittivity of the air layer 18 is 1.0, which is almost the same as the permittivity of vacuum, which is lower than that of the dielectric layer 106.
- the distance between the tactile electrode 102 and the conductive elastic portion 6 in the case of pressing force F 1 is d1
- the average dielectric constant is ⁇ 1
- the distance between the tactile electrode 102 and the conductive elastic portion 6 in the case of pressing pressure F 2 is set. Assuming that the distance is d2 and the average dielectric constant is ⁇ 2, the relationship is d1> d2 and ⁇ 1 ⁇ ⁇ 2 .
- the capacitance C1 in the case of the pressing force F1 ⁇ the capacitance C2 in the case of the pressing force F2. Therefore, the tactile strength in the case of the pressing pressure F 1 is weaker than the tactile strength in the case of the pressing pressure F 2 .
- the pressing force when operating the tactile presentation knob 3 becomes too large, the contact area between the conductive elastic portion 6 and the operation surface becomes large, and further, the static friction coefficient becomes large due to close contact, so that the voltage signal is increased.
- the difference between the frictional force when no is input (static frictional force) and the frictional force generated by the electrostatic force when a voltage signal is input becomes smaller, the clarity of the tactile sensation decreases, and the user feels the tactile strength. Feels weak.
- a pressure sensitive sensor 216 is arranged on the back surface of the display panel 300, and when the tactile presentation knob 3 is operated.
- the pressing force is detected by the pressure-sensitive sensor 216 for deformation of the member constituting the tactile presentation touch display 1.
- the output of the pressure sensitive sensor 216 is input to the pressing detection circuit 217, and the pressing amount is calculated by the pressing amount calculation circuit 218 based on the detection value of the pressing detection circuit 217.
- a method of correcting the waveform of the voltage signal by the tactile formation condition conversion circuit 120 according to the calculated pressing amount can be considered. The method will be described below.
- the pressure-sensitive sensor 216 is a capacitance method that detects a capacitance change due to a change in the gap of the pressure-sensitive sensor electrode due to a pressing force, or a structure to which the pressure-sensitive sensor 216 is adhered, for example, in the case of FIG. 1, a display panel.
- a piezoelectric method may be used in which the back surface of the 300 is detected as an electric signal, which is the amount of deformation in which the back surface expands or contracts in proportion to the pressing force. Further, any method may be used as long as it is a pressure-sensitive sensor that detects the pressing force.
- a plurality of pressure sensors 216 are arranged so that the pressing force can be detected with equal sensitivity regardless of the position in the display area 301 where the tactile presentation knob 3 is operated.
- the tactile presentation knob 3 is operated.
- four pressure-sensitive sensors 216 are used, they are arranged so as to be point-symmetrical or line-symmetrical in the portions near the four corners in the display area 301 as shown in FIG.
- the pressing detection circuit 217 detects a change in the capacitance or a change in the strain amount of the four pressure-sensitive sensors 216, and the pressing amount calculation circuit 218 obtains a weighted average from the detection value output by the pressing detection circuit 217.
- the pressing amount is calculated, and the pressing amount is output to the tactile formation condition conversion circuit 120.
- the waveform of the voltage signal output from the tactile formation condition storage device 121 is subjected to the pressing amount. It is corrected to the waveform of the voltage signal and output to the voltage supply circuit 110.
- the number and positions of the pressure-sensitive sensors 216 are not limited to the above, and more pressure-sensitive sensors 216 are evenly arranged in the display area, and the pressing amount is detected with higher sensitivity and higher definition in the display area 301. It is also possible to calculate the pressure distribution of. In this case, it is also possible to detect the load of the tactile presentation knob 3 and calculate the position of the tactile presentation knob 3.
- a sheet-shaped pressure-sensitive sensor 216 in which pressure-sensitive elements are arranged in a matrix may be attached to the entire back surface of the display panel 300. In this case, it is also possible to detect the load of the tactile presentation knob 3 and calculate the position of the tactile presentation knob 3.
- the place where the pressure sensor 216 is placed is not limited to the back surface of the display panel 300.
- the pressure-sensitive element is composed of a transparent conductive film, it is also possible to form an integrated structure in which the pressure-sensitive element is arranged in a matrix in any of the structures of the tactile presentation panel 100, the touch panel 200, and the display panel 300. be.
- the tactile presentation touch display depends on the method of fixing the tactile presentation touch display 1 to the housing and the type of the display panel 300 (liquid crystal display, organic EL panel, ⁇ LED, etc.). It may be selected based on the condition that the amount of deformation of the structure constituting 1 is large and high-sensitivity pressure detection is possible.
- the voltage signal can be corrected according to the pressing force of the tactile presentation knob 3, but the load of the tactile presentation knob 3 and the pressing force during operation are applied to the conductive elastic portion 6. Since the conductive elastic portion 6 has elasticity, the material of the conductive elastic portion 6 is compressed in the pressing direction when a load of the tactile presentation knob 3 and a pressing force during operation are applied, and the pressing force is applied. It relaxes a part of.
- the pressure sensitive sensor 216 and the pressing detection circuit 217 can detect only the pressing force after being relaxed by the elasticity of the conductive elastic portion 6. The elasticity of the conductive elastic portion 6 changes depending on the temperature, pressure, rotation speed, and the like.
- the pressing amount calculation circuit 1208 it is difficult to calculate an accurate pressing force including the pressing force relaxed by the conductive elastic portion 6. Further, since the thickness of the air layer 18 between the conductive elastic portion 6 and the operation surface cannot be controlled, the coefficient of static friction between the conductive elastic portion 6 and the operation surface cannot be kept constant, and the tactile sensation is clear. Is difficult to keep constant.
- FIG. 42 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the tactile presentation knob 30 of the first embodiment.
- the diameter of the conductive elastic portion 6 is smaller than the diameter of the rotating portion 4, and the support portion 19 is provided so as to be in contact with the side surface of the conductive elastic portion 6.
- the support portion 19 is provided so as to extend from the bottom surface of the rotating portion 4 to the vicinity of the bottom surface of the conductive elastic portion 6, and is the height of the conductive elastic portion 6 when the tactile presentation knob 30 is not pressed. It is set to a height that does not exceed.
- the difference between the height of the support portion 19 and the maximum height of the conductive elastic portion 6 is defined as ⁇ t.
- FIG. 43 shows the relationship between the difference ⁇ t (mm) between the height of the support portion 19 and the maximum height of the conductive elastic portion 6 of the tactile presentation knob 30 and the tactile strength when the tactile presentation knob 30 is pinched. It is a figure.
- FIG. 43 compares the tactile strength with the difference ⁇ t (mm) between the height of the support portion 19 and the maximum height of the conductive elastic portion when a conductive rubber having a thickness of 2 mm and a hardness of 60 is used as the conductive elastic portion 6. The result is shown. From FIG.
- a clear tactile sensation ( ⁇ ) can be obtained from 0.26 mm, which is the same as the flatness of the conductive rubber having a ⁇ t value of 2 mm, and 0.34 mm has the strongest tactile strength and a clear tactile sensation ( ⁇ ). ), And when the ⁇ t values are 0.43 mm and 0.52 mm, the tactile strength decreases to ⁇ and ⁇ .
- Conductive rubber has a sponge-like structure in which the rubber material is cross-linked with resin.
- the reason why the tactile strength was the strongest when the ⁇ t value was 0.34 mm was that the large surface irregularities caused by the above material processing were deformed by the pressing force, and the fine surface irregularities caused by the microstructure of the material were also crushed to form the conductive elastic part. It is considered that the state in which 6 and the operation surface are in close contact with each other is the condition in which the influences of both the decrease in capacitance due to the air layer 18 and the increase in static friction force due to the increase in the contact area of the operation surface of the conductive elastic portion 6 are the least. Be done.
- the support portion 19 As shown in FIG. 41, when the conductive elastic portion 6 is sufficiently deformed and the pressing force F2 in which the conductive elastic portion 6 is in close contact with the operation surface is applied to the tactile presentation knob 30. Since the support portion 19 comes into contact with the operation surface and supports the tactile presentation knob 30, the conductive elastic portion 6 is not compressed beyond the height of the support portion 19, and the pressing force applied to the conductive elastic portion 6 is applied. By keeping it constant, the static frictional force between the conductive elastic portion 6 and the operation surface can be kept constant.
- the conductive elastic portion 6 By making the height of the support portion 19 lower than that of the conductive elastic portion 6 to limit the pressing force during operation and prevent the pressing force from being excessively applied to the conductive elastic portion 6, the conductive elastic portion 6 It is possible to design the capacitance including the thickness of the air layer 18 between the operation surface and the operation surface, and it is possible to keep the capacitance CNE between the tactile electrode 102 and the conductive elastic portion 6 at the time of operation constant. become.
- the tactile presentation knob 3 By making the friction coefficient between the surface of the support portion 19 in contact with the operation surface and the operation surface lower than the friction coefficient between the conductive elastic portion 6 and the operation surface, the tactile presentation knob 3 when no voltage signal is input.
- the frictional force acting on the operation surface is mainly the frictional force due to the friction coefficient between the conductive elastic portion 6 and the operation surface.
- the material of the support portion 19 for example, polycarbonate (PC), polyacetal (POM), polyamide (PA6, PA66), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), glass fiber reinforced polyamide MXD6 ( RENY), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP), ABS resin, AS resin (SAN), polyimide (PI), polyethylene tetrafluoride resin (PTFE), perfluoroalkoxyalkane (PFA), vinylidene fluoride resin.
- PVDF polyethylene
- PS polystyrene / styrene resin
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PMMA methacrylic resin
- the contact surface is uneven.
- the shape is such that the point contact portion is hemispherical and does not get caught in the operation surface.
- the surface roughness and surface roughness Ra of the support portion 19 are 5.0 ⁇ m or less, or the average length RSm of the contour curve element is equal to or more than the electrode pitch of the tactile electrode 102.
- the pressing force of the tactile presentation knob 3 is directly transmitted to the operation surface via the support portion 19, and the constituent members of the tactile presentation touch display 1 are pressed. Since the pressure-sensitive sensor 216 accurately detects the pressing force, the voltage signal waveform can be adjusted with high accuracy with respect to the pressing force.
- FIG. 44 is a diagram showing a configuration of the tactile presentation knob 30A having the tactile presentation knob 30 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 42 having a more practical configuration, with the side view of the tactile presentation knob 30A on the upper side and the bottom surface. The figure is shown at the bottom.
- the fixing portion 5 for fixing the tactile presentation knob 3 to the operation surface is arranged in the center, and the support portion 19 and the conductive elastic portion 6 are concentric with the fixing portion 5 as the center. It has a configuration arranged in.
- the conductive elastic portions 6 have a fan-shaped plan view centered on the fixed portion 5, and are arranged at three locations at intervals from each other.
- the support portions having a fan-shaped plan view are located between the conductive elastic portions 6. 19 are arranged.
- the support portions 19 are arranged at equal intervals on a concentric circle centered on the fixed portion 5 so that the state of being evenly in contact with the operation surface can be maintained even during the rotation operation.
- the conductive elastic portion 6 is arranged as evenly as possible on a concentric circle centered on the fixed portion 5 so that the vibration generated by the conductive elastic portion 6 is evenly transmitted to the rotating portion 4 between the support portions 19. Is desirable.
- the conductive elastic portion 6 also has the function of the position detection unit 7, and the touch detection circuit 210 detects the capacitance formed between the conductive elastic portion 6 and the detection electrode 203, and the knob movement amount calculation circuit 220. Calculates the rotation angle and rotation speed of the tactile presentation knob 30A.
- the tactile presentation knob supports the support portion by providing the support portion 19 that keeps the distance between the tactile presentation knob 3 and the operation surface constant during the operation of the tactile presentation knob.
- the display surface is directly pressed through the display surface, and the pressing can be detected without being affected by the pressure relaxation due to the pressing deformation of the conductive elastic portion 6.
- the pressing force during operation is kept constant by the conductive elastic portion 6, the friction coefficient due to the contact area between the conductive elastic portion 6 and the operation surface becomes constant, and the support portion 19 changes depending on the pressing force. It is possible to correct the voltage signal waveform in consideration of only the coefficient of friction with the display surface, and it is possible to present a certain clear tactile sensation to all operators.
- the friction coefficient due to the contact area between the conductive elastic portion 6 and the operation surface constant, and keeping the thickness of the air layer 18 between the tactile electrode 102 and the conductive elastic portion 6 constant.
- the fluctuation of the electrostatic capacity between the tactile electrode 102 and the conductive elastic portion 6 is suppressed, and a tactile sensation of stable strength is generated.
- the discharge phenomenon of the electric charge accumulated in the conductive elastic portion 6 due to the fluctuation of the capacitance formed between the tactile electrode 102 and the conductive elastic portion 6 due to the thickness fluctuation of the air layer 18 is suppressed.
- the effect of improving the reliability of the tactile presentation touch panel 200 can also be obtained.
- FIG. 45 is a diagram showing the configuration of the tactile presentation knob 30B of the second embodiment, and the side view of the tactile presentation knob 30B is shown on the upper side and the bottom view is shown on the lower side.
- the fixing portion 5 for fixing the tactile presentation knob 30B to the operation surface is arranged in the center, and the support portion 19 and the conductive elastic portion 6 are concentric with the fixing portion 5 as the center. It has a configuration arranged in.
- the conductive elastic portions 6 are arranged at three locations with a fan shape in a plan view centered on the fixed portion 5 and are spaced apart from each other.
- the point that 19 is arranged is the same as the tactile presentation knob 30A of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 7 are arranged at equal intervals on a concentric circle centered on the fixed portion 5.
- the support portions 19 are arranged at equal intervals on a concentric circle centered on the fixed portion 5 so that the state of being evenly in contact with the operation surface can be maintained even during the rotation operation.
- the conductive elastic portion 6 is arranged as evenly as possible on a concentric circle centered on the fixed portion 5 so that the vibration generated by the conductive elastic portion 6 is evenly transmitted to the rotating portion 4 between the support portions 19. Is desirable.
- the materials used for the conductive elastic part 6 and the position detection part 7 are natural rubber (NR), isoprene rubber (IR), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), chloroprene rubber (CR), acrylonitrile rubber (NBR), and hydride nitrile rubber.
- NR natural rubber
- IR isoprene rubber
- SBR styrene butadiene rubber
- CR chloroprene rubber
- NBR acrylonitrile rubber
- HNBR butyl rubber
- IIR butyl rubber
- EPDM ethylene propylene rubber
- CSM chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber
- CSM silicone rubber
- VKM fluororubber
- FVMQ fluorosilicone rubber
- acrylic rubber ACM
- a thermosetting elastomer such as urethane rubber (U) can be used.
- the base material is a thermoplastic elastomer such as polyurethane-based (TPU), polystyrene-based (TPS), olefin / alken-based (TPO), polyvinyl chloride-based (TPVC), polyester-based (TPEE), and polyamide-based (TPAE).
- TPU polyurethane-based
- TPS polystyrene-based
- TPO olefin / alken-based
- TPVC polyvinyl chloride-based
- TPEE polyester-based
- TPAE polyamide-based
- An elastic resin material called a conductive rubber mixed with a conductive substance such as conductive carbon black or metal powder can be used.
- carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can also be used.
- the conductive elastic portion 6, the position detection portion 7, and the support portion 19 are arranged at three places each, but they may be arranged at three or more places. The more locations the support portion 19 is arranged, the more difficult it is for the knob to tilt during the rotation operation, and it is possible to present a more stable and strong tactile sensation.
- the position detection unit 7 may be provided at one or more locations, and if three or more locations are arranged, the rotation angle of the knob can be calculated more accurately.
- the resistance value of the conductive elastic portion 6 is high, and the capacitance formed between the tactile electrode 102 and the conductive elastic portion 6 is the amount of movement of the tactile presentation knob 30B.
- the capacitance can be supplemented, and the movement amount of the tactile presentation knob 30B can be detected.
- the area of the position detection unit 7 can be minimized.
- FIG. 46 is a diagram showing the configuration of the tactile presentation knob 30C of the third embodiment, and the side view of the tactile presentation knob 30C is shown on the upper side and the bottom view is shown on the lower side.
- the tactile presentation knob 30C has a fixing portion 5 for fixing the tactile presentation knob 30C to the operation surface in the center, and the support portion 19, the conductive elastic portion 6 and the position centering on the fixing portion 5.
- the detection units 7 are arranged concentrically.
- the conductive elastic portions 6 have a fan-shaped plan view centered on the fixed portion 5, and are arranged at three locations at intervals from each other.
- the position detection of the fan-shaped planar shape between the conductive elastic portions 6 The portion 7 and the support portion 19 are arranged next to each other, and the position detection portion 7 is sandwiched between the conductive elastic portion 6 and the support portion 19.
- the resistance value of the conductive elastic portion 6 is high, and the capacitance formed between the tactile electrode 102 and the conductive elastic portion 6 is the amount of movement of the tactile presentation knob 30C.
- the capacitance can be supplemented by providing the position detection unit 7 having a low resistance value.
- the conductive elastic portion 6, the position detection portion 7, and the support portion 19 are each arranged at three locations, but they may be arranged at three or more locations, and the conductive elastic portion 6 and the position detection unit may be arranged at three or more locations. 7.
- the number of support portions 19 does not have to be the same. The more locations the support portion 19 is arranged, the more difficult it is for the knob to tilt during the rotation operation, and it is possible to present a more stable and strong tactile sensation.
- the position detection unit 7 is sandwiched between the conductive elastic portion 6 and the support portion 19, but the support portions 19 are arranged on both sides of the position detection unit 7 and the position detection unit 7 is arranged.
- FIG. 47 is a diagram showing the configuration of the tactile presentation knob 30D according to the fourth embodiment, and the side view of the tactile presentation knob 30D is shown on the upper side and the bottom view is shown on the lower side.
- the tactile presentation knob 30D has a structure in which a fixing portion 5 for fixing the tactile presentation knob 30D to the operation surface is arranged in the center, and a conductive elastic portion 6 is arranged concentrically around the fixing portion 5. It has become.
- the conductive elastic portion 6 has a fan shape in a plan view centered on the fixed portion 5, and is arranged at three locations at intervals from each other, and the space between the conductive elastic portions 6 is a gap portion 20.
- the support portion 19 is arranged on the outer peripheral portion of the surface of the tactile presentation knob 30D in contact with the operation surface, that is, on the outer peripheral portion of the bottom surface of the rotating portion 4.
- the area of the contact portion between the support portion 19 and the operation surface should be as small as possible within the range in which the tactile presentation knob 30D can be stably held and the durability can be guaranteed during the rotation operation. In addition to making the coefficient of friction as small as possible, it is also desirable to secure the area of the conductive elastic portion 6 as large as possible to obtain stronger tactile strength.
- the conductive elastic portion 6 does not necessarily have to be divided into a plurality of portions, and the area thereof may be adjusted according to the design value of the capacitance formed between the conductive elastic portion 6 and the tactile electrode 102. When dividing, it is desirable to arrange them as evenly as possible so that the vibration generated by the electrostatic force between the conductive elastic portion 6 and the operation surface is transmitted to the rotating portion 4 as evenly as possible.
- the conductive elastic portion 6 also has the function of the position detection unit 7, and the touch detection circuit 210 detects the capacitance formed between the conductive elastic portion 6 and the detection electrode 203, and the knob movement amount calculation circuit 220. Calculates the rotation angle and rotation speed of the tactile presentation knob 30D.
- FIG. 48 is a diagram showing a configuration in which the tactile presentation knob 30D has only one gap portion 20 and the conductive elastic portion 6 is not divided, and the side view of the tactile presentation knob 30D is shown on the upper side. The bottom view is shown below.
- the position of the gap portion 20 in which the conductive elastic portion 6 is not arranged and the capacitance is not formed can be set as the reference position for calculating the movement amount of the knob.
- FIG. 49 is a schematic diagram illustrating the capacitance profile of the line DD when the touch screen detects the position 30 of the tactile presentation knob in the case of adopting the configuration of the tactile presentation knob 30D of FIG. 48.
- the axis shows the position on the line DD, and the vertical axis shows the capacitance.
- the capacitance profile of the conductive elastic portion 6 becomes a profile having peaks at two different positions, and the reference for calculating the movement amount by pinching between the two profiles. Can be located.
- the position detection unit 7 is unnecessary, and the support portion 19 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the contact surface between the tactile presentation knob 30D and the operation surface.
- the degree of freedom of arrangement is improved, the area of the conductive elastic portion 6 can be increased, and the tactile strength can be enhanced.
- the support portion 19 holds the tactile presentation knob 30D on the outer peripheral portion of the contact surface between the tactile presentation knob 30D and the operation surface, the tactile presentation knob 30D can be stably rotated.
- FIG. 50 is a diagram showing the configuration of the tactile presentation knob 30E according to the fifth embodiment, and the side view of the tactile presentation knob 30E is shown on the upper side and the bottom view is shown on the lower side.
- the tactile presentation knob 30E has a structure in which a fixing portion 5 for fixing the tactile presentation knob 30E to the operation surface is arranged in the center, and a conductive elastic portion 6 is arranged concentrically around the fixing portion 5. It has become.
- the conductive elastic portions 6 have a fan shape in a plan view centered on the fixed portion 5, and are arranged at three locations at intervals from each other.
- position detecting portions 7 having a circular plan view are arranged at equal intervals on a concentric circle centered on the fixed portion 5.
- the support portion 19 is arranged on the outer peripheral portion of the surface of the tactile presentation knob 30D in contact with the operation surface, that is, on the outer peripheral portion of the bottom surface of the rotating portion 4.
- the conductive elastic portion 6 and the position detecting portion 7 are arranged at three places each, but they may be arranged at three or more places.
- the position detection unit 7 may be arranged at one or more locations, and if three or more locations are arranged, the rotation angle of the knob can be calculated more accurately.
- the tactile presentation knob 30E of the fifth embodiment since the support portion 19 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the contact surface between the tactile presentation knob 30D and the operation surface, the degree of freedom in the arrangement of the conductive elastic portion 6 and the position detection portion 7 is high. Will be higher. Further, when the conductive elastic portion 6 has a low resistance, it may be difficult to separate the capacitance profile from the position detecting portion 7, but as shown in FIG. 50, there is a gap around the position detecting portion 7. By providing the portion 20, it is possible to reduce the overlap between the capacitance profile of the position detecting portion 7 and the capacitance profile of the conductive elastic portion 6, and it is possible to suppress a decrease in the accuracy of the position detection.
- FIG. 51 is a diagram showing the configuration of the tactile presentation knob 30F according to the sixth embodiment, and the side view of the tactile presentation knob 30F is shown on the upper side and the bottom view is shown on the lower side.
- the tactile presentation knob 30F has a structure in which a fixing portion 5 for fixing the tactile presentation knob 30E to the operation surface is arranged in the center, and a conductive elastic portion 6 is arranged concentrically around the fixing portion 5. It has become.
- the support portion 19 is arranged on the outer peripheral portion of the surface of the tactile presentation knob 30E in contact with the operation surface, that is, the outer peripheral portion of the bottom surface of the rotating portion 4.
- the conductive elastic portion 6 has a ring shape in a plan view so as to surround the fixed portion 5, and three position detection portions 7 having a circular plan view are fixed in the plane of the ring-shaped conductive elastic portion 6. They are arranged at equal intervals on a concentric circle centered on the portion 5.
- the tactile presentation knob 30F of the sixth embodiment by providing the position detection unit 7 having a resistance value lower than that of the conductive elastic unit 6, a capacitance profile having a peak can be obtained, and the tactile presentation knob 30F can be moved. It is possible to detect the amount.
- the position detection units 7 are arranged at three places, but they may be arranged at three or more places.
- the position detection unit 7 may be arranged at one or more locations, and if three or more locations are arranged, the rotation angle of the knob can be calculated more accurately.
- the uniformity is improved when the electrode pitch of the tactile electrode 102 is wide and the overlapping portion between the conductive elastic portion 6 and the tactile electrode 102 tends to be uneven. It is possible.
- FIG. 52 is a diagram showing the configuration of the tactile presentation knob 30G according to the seventh embodiment, and the side view of the tactile presentation knob 30G is shown on the upper side and the bottom view is shown on the lower side.
- the tactile presentation knob 30G has a structure in which a fixing portion 5 for fixing the tactile presentation knob 30G to the operation surface is arranged in the center, and a conductive elastic portion 6 is arranged concentrically around the fixing portion 5. It has become.
- the conductive elastic portions 6 have a fan shape in a plan view centered on the fixed portion 5, and are arranged at three locations at intervals from each other.
- the conductive elastic portions 6 are provided with gap portions 20 and are conductive.
- the support portions 19 having a circular plan shape are arranged at equal intervals on a concentric circle centered on the fixed portion 5, and the support portions 19 are the conductive elastic portions 6. being surrounded.
- the conductive elastic portions 6 are arranged at three locations at intervals from each other, and the support portions 19 are arranged in the respective planes.
- the number of arrangements of the conductive elastic portions 6 and the support portions 19 The number of arrangements may not be the same.
- the conductive elastic portions 6 are provided at two places, the support portions 19 are arranged in each plane and the position is detected in the plane of the gap portion 20.
- the part 7 can also be arranged.
- the conductive elastic portion 6 and the support portion 19 are arranged at three places each, but they may be arranged at three or more places.
- the knobs are less likely to be tilted during the rotation operation, and it is possible to present a tactile sensation with more stable strength.
- the conductive elastic portion 6 may also have the function of the position detection unit 7, and both the support portion 19 and the conductive elastic portion 6 may also have the function of the position detection unit 7.
- the support portion 19 also has the function of the position detection unit 7, it is preferable that the support portion 19 also uses a conductive material.
- a material obtained by using the material of the support portion 19 described in the first embodiment as a base material and adding carbon black or metal powder that provides conductivity can be used.
- the conductive elastic portion 6 can reinforce the mechanical and physical strength of the support portion 19 in the rotational operation, and the arrangement area of the support portion 19 can be increased. It becomes easy to reduce the size.
- FIG. 53 is a diagram showing the configuration of the tactile presentation knob 30H according to the eighth embodiment, and the side view of the tactile presentation knob 30H is shown on the upper side and the bottom view is shown on the lower side.
- the tactile presentation knob 30H has a structure in which a fixing portion 5 for fixing the tactile presentation knob 30H to the operation surface is arranged in the center, and a conductive elastic portion 6 is arranged concentrically around the fixing portion 5. It has become.
- the conductive elastic portions 6 have a fan shape in a plan view centered on the fixed portion 5, and are arranged at three locations at intervals from each other.
- the conductive elastic portions 6 are provided with gap portions 20 and are conductive.
- the support portions 19 having a circular shape in plan view are arranged at equal intervals on a concentric circle centered on the fixed portion 5, and the support portion 19 is the conductive elastic portion 6. It is surrounded by.
- position detecting portions 7 having a circular plan view are arranged at equal intervals on concentric circles centered on the fixed portion 5.
- the conductive elastic portions 6 are arranged at three places, but may be arranged at three or more places.
- FIG. 54 is a diagram showing the configuration of the tactile presentation knob 30I of the ninth embodiment, and the side view of the tactile presentation knob 30I is shown on the upper side and the bottom view is shown on the lower side.
- the tactile presentation knob 30I has a structure in which a fixing portion 5 for fixing the tactile presentation knob 30I to the operation surface is arranged in the center, and a conductive elastic portion 6 is arranged concentrically around the fixing portion 5. It has become.
- the conductive elastic portion 6 has a ring-shaped plan view so as to surround the fixed portion 5, and three support portions 19 having a circular planar view are formed in the plane of the ring-shaped conductive elastic portion 6 to form a fixed portion. It is arranged at equal intervals on a concentric circle centered on 5, and the support portion 19 is surrounded by the conductive elastic portion 6.
- the support portion 19 can also have the function of the position detection unit 7.
- the support portions 19 are arranged at three places, but may be arranged at three or more places. The more locations the support portion 19 is arranged, the more difficult it is for the knob to tilt during the rotation operation, and it is possible to present a more stable and strong tactile sensation.
- FIG. 55 is a diagram showing the configuration of the tactile presentation knob 30J according to the tenth embodiment, and the side view of the tactile presentation knob 30J is shown on the upper side and the bottom view is shown on the lower side.
- the fixing portion 5 for fixing the tactile presentation knob 30J and the tactile presentation knob 30I to the operation surface is arranged in the center, and the conductive elastic portion 6 is arranged concentrically around the fixing portion 5. It has become.
- the conductive elastic portion 6 has a ring-shaped plan view so as to surround the fixed portion 5, and three support portions 19 having a circular planar view are formed in the plane of the ring-shaped conductive elastic portion 6 to form a fixed portion.
- Three position detection portions 7 having a circular plan view in the plane of the ring-shaped conductive elastic portion 6 are arranged at equal intervals on a concentric circle centered on the support portion 19 at positions where they do not overlap with the support portion 19. , Are arranged at equal intervals on a concentric circle centered on the fixed portion 5.
- the conductive elastic portion 6 is not divided, and the conductive elastic portion 6 is in contact with the operation surface except for the place where the position detection portion 7 and the support portion 19 are arranged.
- the position detection unit 7 and the support unit 19 are arranged at three places each, but they may be arranged at three or more places. The more locations the support portion 19 is arranged, the more difficult it is for the knob to tilt during the rotation operation, and it is possible to present a more stable and strong tactile sensation.
- the position detection unit 7 may have at least one position, and if there are three or more positions, the rotation angle calculation accuracy is improved.
- the capacitance formed between the tactile electrode 102 and the conductive elastic portion 6 is insufficient to detect the movement amount of the tactile presentation knob 30J.
- the capacitance can be supplemented by providing the position detection unit 7 having a low resistance value, and the movement amount of the tactile presentation knob 30J can be detected by obtaining the capacitance profile.
- each embodiment can be freely combined, and each embodiment can be appropriately modified or omitted within the scope of the disclosure.
Abstract
Description
<触覚提示タッチディスプレイ>
図1は、本実施の形態1における触覚提示タッチディスプレイ1の上に触覚提示つまみ3を置いて操作感および操作量の触覚を提示する触覚提示デバイスの構成を概略的に示す分解斜視図である。図2は、触覚提示タッチディスプレイ1の構成を概略的に示す断面図である。
図3は、触覚提示パネル100が有する触覚電極102と触覚提示つまみ3との間で形成される静電容量CNEを模式的に説明するための図である。図4は、図3の斜視図である。触覚提示つまみ3が触覚提示スクリーン150の表側面の一部である接触面CTに触れると、接触面CT上の触覚提示つまみ3と触覚電極102との間に誘電体層106を介して静電容量CNEが形成される。なお、これらの図中では、図を見やすくするために電圧供給回路110(図2参照)に含まれる触覚提示電圧生成回路113のみが示されており、電圧供給回路110に含まれる他の構成は図示されていない。電圧供給回路110のより具体的な構成については後述する。
図8は、タッチスクリーン250(図2参照)の一例としての、静電容量方式のタッチスクリーン250aを示す平面図である。図9は、図8の線A1-A1および線A2-A2に沿う部分断面図である。
図1に示す感圧センサ216について説明する。一般的に、感圧センサ216には、半導体Si(シリコン)からなるダイヤフラム(隔膜)に加わる圧力を膜の変形として検出する方式、押圧力に応じて生じる表示パネルまたはタッチパネルなどの変形を静電容量の変化で検出する静電容量式、押圧力に応じた歪みによる金属線の抵抗変化を検出する抵抗式などがある。
図15は、触覚提示スクリーン150の構成を概略的に示す平面図である。図16は、触覚電極102と触覚提示つまみ3との間での静電容量CNEの形成を説明する模式図である。
CNE=Q/V=εS/d ・・・(1)
図20は、触覚電極102のピッチPEが触覚提示つまみ3の直径RFEよりも大きい場合における、触覚電極102と触覚提示つまみ3との間で形成される静電容量CNEを説明する模式図である。図21は、触覚電極102のピッチPEが直径RFEよりも小さい場合における、触覚電極102と触覚提示つまみ3との間で形成される静電容量CNEを説明する模式図である。
図22は、触覚提示つまみ3の回転部4の構造を示す模式図である。図23は、触覚提示つまみ3を置く位置が1箇所に固定される場合における、回転部4を触覚提示パネル100の接触面上に置いて回転させる際の固定部5の模式図である。図24は、触覚提示つまみ3の回転部4を触覚提示パネル100の接触面上に置いて回転させる際に水平移動を抑制する回転軸部5aの模式図である。回転部4および固定部5(回転軸部5a)は、共にアルミニウム、SUS、銅などの金属、およびポリ塩化ビニル、ポリスチレン、ABS樹脂、AS樹脂、アクリル樹脂、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリ塩化ビニリデン、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリカーボネート、変性ポリフェニレンエーテル、ポリアミド、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリアセタール、超高分子量ポリエチレン、ポリアリレート、ポリスルホン、ポリエーテルスルホン、ポリアミドイミド、ポリエーテルイミド、熱可塑性ポリイミド、ポリフェニレンスルフィッド、液晶性ポリマ、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン、フッ素樹脂などの樹脂からなる。触覚提示つまみ3の重量によって操作感および触覚が変化するので、ユーザの好み、触覚提示つまみ3の使用環境、および使用目的などに応じて材料を選択する。回転部側面10は、導電性弾性部6および指示体2(図31参照)と電気的に接続する必要があるため、回転部側面10の指示体2と接触する表面部10sおよび境界部導電部16sは、金属または導電性樹脂材料(抵抗103Ω以下が望ましい)からなる。表面部10sおよび境界部導電部16sの抵抗値は、触覚電極102の配線抵抗、導電性弾性部6の抵抗、誘電体層106との間で形成されるRC回路において触覚電極102と導電性弾性部6の間に形成される容量Cが最も大きくなるような値に設定されることが望ましい。
図25は、触覚提示つまみ3の位置検出時のタッチパネル200が検出した際の線C-Cの容量プロファイルを説明する模式図である。触覚提示つまみ3への触覚発生と触覚提示つまみ3の位置検出は、時間分割で行う。触覚電極102に信号電圧が印加されている期間において、検出電極203および励起電極202は、0Vまたは触覚電極102と静電容量を形成して触覚電極102にかかる電圧低下を招かないように任意の電圧を印加する。検出電極203が位置検出している際、触覚電極102はフローティング状態にし、触覚電極102を介して導電性弾性部6と検出電極203が静電容量を形成することで、励起電極202と検出電極203との静電容量の変化量を検出し、触覚提示つまみ3の位置を検出する。
P2’=R・P2-(R-I)・P0+Txy ・・・(3)
P1’-P2’=R・(P1-P2) ・・・(4)
Txy=P1’-P1 ・・・(5)
図27は、触覚提示つまみ3における導電性弾性部6および位置検出部7の位置関係の一例を示したものである。隣り合う導電性弾性部6との間に位置検出部7が配置されている場合の導電性弾性部6と位置検出部7との間の距離を隙間8、隣り合う導電性弾性部6との間に位置検出部7が配置されていない場合の導電性弾性部6間の距離を隙間8aで示す。電極の厚さに起因する凹凸が触覚提示パネル100の表面にある場合、導電性弾性部6が誘電体層106を介して触覚電極102に接触しながらスライドすると、表面の凹凸よって触覚提示つまみ3が振動する。この振動は、触覚電極102に印加される電圧信号とは無関係に、指示体2に感知されてしまう。その結果、当該電圧信号によって得られる触覚を指示体2が感じ難くなり得る。言い換えれば、触覚強度が低下し得る。
図28は、触覚提示タッチパネル400の構成を概略的に示すブロック図である。ここでは、複数の励起電極202として励起電極Ty(1)~Ty(m)が設けられ、複数の検出電極203として検出電極Tx(1)~Tx(n)が設けられ、複数の触覚電極102として触覚電極H(1)~H(j)が設けられているとする。触覚電極H(1)~H(n)は、括弧内の数字に従って順に並んでおり、奇数の触覚電極102は第1電極102aに対応しており、偶数の触覚電極102は第2電極102bに対応している。また、説明を簡略化するために、1つの励起電極202によって1つの行方向配線層206(図8または図10参照)が構成され、かつ1つの検出電極203によって1つの列方向配線層207(図8または図10参照)が構成されているものとする。
図29は、指示体2が触覚提示つまみ3に接触していないときの励起電極202と検出電極203との静電容量のイメージを示す模式図である。図30は、指示体2が触覚提示つまみ3に接触していないときの触覚提示タッチパネル400(図28参照)の動作タイミングを概略的に示すタイミングチャートである。
図35は、信号電圧印加時に導電性弾性部6に蓄積した電荷が指示体2を介して接地されたときの電荷の移動を模式的に示すイメージ図である。導電性弾性部6は、絶縁性の樹脂に導電性のカーボンブラックや金属粒子を混ぜたものであるため、比較的抵抗が高く、電荷が蓄積しやすい。導電性弾性部6に電荷が蓄積すると、信号電圧によって触覚電極102との間の静電気力が変化しなくなり、触覚強度が低下してしまう。導電性弾性部6と回転部4の表面を電気的に接続すると、指示体2が回転部4に接した際に指示体2を介して接地接続されることにより、導電性弾性部6に蓄積した電荷が解放され、電荷の蓄積を抑制することができる。
触覚電極102の好適な条件として、第1に、指示体2が触覚電極102に誘電体層106以外の部材を介することなく接することができる構成が望まれる。よって、誘電体層106に被覆された触覚電極102は、触覚提示タッチパネル400の最表面に配置されることが好ましい。
触覚提示スクリーン150の引き出し配線層105(図15)は、具体的には、引き出し配線層Ld(1)~Ld(j)および引き出し配線層Lu(1)~Lu(j)を有している。番号1からjまでの何れかの整数をkとして、引き出し配線層Ld(k)およびLu(k)の各々は、k番目の触覚電極102に接続されている。引き出し配線層Ld(k)およびLu(k)のそれぞれは、一の触覚電極102の延在方向における一方端および他方端に接続されている。
図37は、表示パネル、タッチパネルおよび触覚提示パネルの関係の概要を示したブロック図である。つまみ移動量算出回路220(図28、図36参照)は、タッチ検出回路210で得られたつまみのタッチパネル200上の座標を基につまみの移動量(回転角)の情報を触覚形成条件変換回路120および表示画面処理回路321へ出力する。
使用者が触覚提示つまみ3を回転操作する際の押圧力は、操作量などに起因する使用者の腕および手首の角度などの変化によって変動する。図39は、触覚提示つまみ3を弱い押圧力F1で操作しているときの導電性弾性部6と表示面との界面の様子を示した模式図である。図40は、一般的なゴムシートのシート厚さと片面の平坦度の関係を示したグラフであり、図41は、触覚提示つまみ3を強い押圧力で操作しているときの導電性弾性部6と表示面の界面の様子を示した模式図である。
実施の形態1の触覚提示つまみ30および30Aによれば、触覚提示つまみ操作時に触覚提示つまみ3と操作面の間の距離を一定に保つ支持部19を設けることにより、触覚提示つまみが支持部を介して直接表示面を押圧し、導電性弾性部6の押圧変形による圧力緩和の影響を受けずに押圧検知が可能となる。これにより、操作時の押圧力が導電性弾性部6で一定に保たれ、導電性弾性部6と操作面との接触面積に起因する摩擦係数が一定となり、押圧力によって変化する支持部19と表示面との摩擦係数のみを考慮した電圧信号波形の補正が可能となり、すべての操作者に対して一定の明瞭性のある触覚を提示することが可能となる。
図45は、実施の形態2の触覚提示つまみ30Bの構成を示す図であり、触覚提示つまみ30Bの側面図を上側に、底面図を下側に示している。図45に示されるように、触覚提示つまみ30Bは、触覚提示つまみ30Bを操作面に固定する固定部5を中央に配置し、固定部5を中心として支持部19および導電性弾性部6を同心で配置した構成となっている。
実施の形態2の触覚提示つまみ30Bによれば、導電性弾性部6の抵抗値が高く、触覚電極102と導電性弾性部6との間に形成する静電容量が触覚提示つまみ30Bの移動量を検出するのに足りない場合に、抵抗値が低い位置検出部7を設けることで静電容量を補うことができ、触覚提示つまみ30Bの移動量を検出することが可能となる。また、位置検出部7の面積を最小限にすることが可能となる。
図46は、実施の形態3の触覚提示つまみ30Cの構成を示す図であり、触覚提示つまみ30Cの側面図を上側に、底面図を下側に示している。図46に示されるように、触覚提示つまみ30Cは、触覚提示つまみ30Cを操作面に固定する固定部5を中央に配置し、固定部5を中心として支持部19、導電性弾性部6および位置検出部7を同心で配置した構成となっている。
実施の形態3の触覚提示つまみ30Cによれば、導電性弾性部6の抵抗値が高く、触覚電極102と導電性弾性部6との間に形成する静電容量が触覚提示つまみ30Cの移動量を検出するのに足りないために導電性弾性部6が位置検出部7の機能を兼ねることができない場合に、抵抗値が低い位置検出部7を設けることで静電容量を補うことができ、容量プロファイルを得ることで、触覚提示つまみ30Cの移動量を検出することが可能となる。
図47は、実施の形態4の触覚提示つまみ30Dの構成を示す図であり、触覚提示つまみ30Dの側面図を上側に、底面図を下側に示している。図47に示されるように、触覚提示つまみ30Dは、触覚提示つまみ30Dを操作面に固定する固定部5を中央に配置し、固定部5を中心として導電性弾性部6を同心で配置した構成となっている。
実施の形態4の触覚提示つまみ30Dによれば、位置検出部7が不要となり、かつ、触覚提示つまみ30Dと操作面との接触面の外周部に支持部19を設けるので、導電性弾性部6の配置の自由度が向上し、導電性弾性部6の大面積化が可能となり、触感強度の増強を図ることができる。また、触覚提示つまみ30Dと操作面との接触面の外周部で支持部19が触覚提示つまみ30Dを保持するので、触覚提示つまみ30Dの安定した回転操作が可能となる。
図50は、実施の形態5の触覚提示つまみ30Eの構成を示す図であり、触覚提示つまみ30Eの側面図を上側に、底面図を下側に示している。図50に示されるように、触覚提示つまみ30Eは、触覚提示つまみ30Eを操作面に固定する固定部5を中央に配置し、固定部5を中心として導電性弾性部6を同心で配置した構成となっている。
実施の形態5の触覚提示つまみ30Eによれば、触覚提示つまみ30Dと操作面との接触面の外周部に支持部19を設けるので、導電性弾性部6と位置検出部7の配置の自由度が高くなる。また、導電性弾性部6が低抵抗の場合、位置検出部7との静電容量プロファイルの分離が困難となる可能性があるが、図50に示されるように位置検出部7の周辺に空隙部20を設けることで、位置検出部7の容量プロファイルと導電性弾性部6の容量プロファイルとの重なりを低減することができ、位置検出の精度の低下を抑制できる。
図51は、実施の形態6の触覚提示つまみ30Fの構成を示す図であり、触覚提示つまみ30Fの側面図を上側に、底面図を下側に示している。図51に示されるように、触覚提示つまみ30Fは、触覚提示つまみ30Eを操作面に固定する固定部5を中央に配置し、固定部5を中心として導電性弾性部6を同心で配置した構成となっている。そして、触覚提示つまみ30Eの操作面と接する面の外周部、すなわち回転部4の底面の外周部に支持部19を配置している。
実施の形態6の触覚提示つまみ30Fによれば、導電性弾性部6よりも抵抗値が低い位置検出部7を設けることで、ピークを有する容量プロファイルを得ることができ、触覚提示つまみ30Fの移動量を検出することが可能となる。図51では、位置検出部7を3箇所に配置しているが、3箇所以上に配置してもよい。位置検出部7は、1箇所以上配置されていればよく、3箇所以上配置されるとつまみの回転角度をより精度よく算出することが可能となる。
図52は、実施の形態7の触覚提示つまみ30Gの構成を示す図であり、触覚提示つまみ30Gの側面図を上側に、底面図を下側に示している。図52に示されるように、触覚提示つまみ30Gは、触覚提示つまみ30Gを操作面に固定する固定部5を中央に配置し、固定部5を中心として導電性弾性部6を同心で配置した構成となっている。
実施の形態7の触覚提示つまみ30Gによれば、導電性弾性部6が支持部19に対して、回転操作における機械的、物理的強度を補強することが可能となり、支持部19の配置面積の縮小化が容易となる。
図53は、実施の形態8の触覚提示つまみ30Hの構成を示す図であり、触覚提示つまみ30Hの側面図を上側に、底面図を下側に示している。図53に示されるように、触覚提示つまみ30Hは、触覚提示つまみ30Hを操作面に固定する固定部5を中央に配置し、固定部5を中心として導電性弾性部6を同心で配置した構成となっている。
実施の形態8の触覚提示つまみ30Hによれば、導電性弾性部6と位置検出部7の容量プロファイルの重なりを抑制し、位置検出精度を高めることができる。
図54は、実施の形態9の触覚提示つまみ30Iの構成を示す図であり、触覚提示つまみ30Iの側面図を上側に、底面図を下側に示している。図54に示されるように、触覚提示つまみ30Iは、触覚提示つまみ30Iを操作面に固定する固定部5を中央に配置し、固定部5を中心として導電性弾性部6を同心で配置した構成となっている。
実施の形態9の触覚提示つまみ30Iによれば、導電性弾性部6が大面積を確保しやすいので、触覚提示つまみ30Iの直径が小さい場合でも強い触覚強度を得ることができる。
図55は、実施の形態10の触覚提示つまみ30Jの構成を示す図であり、触覚提示つまみ30Jの側面図を上側に、底面図を下側に示している。図55に示されるように、触覚提示つまみ30J、触覚提示つまみ30Iを操作面に固定する固定部5を中央に配置し、固定部5を中心として導電性弾性部6を同心で配置した構成となっている。
実施の形態10の触覚提示つまみ30Jによれば、導電性弾性部6が大面積を確保しやすいので、触覚提示つまみ30Jの直径が小さい場合でも強い触覚強度を得ることができる。
Claims (17)
- 触覚提示つまみを操作面上に載置し、前記触覚提示つまみを介して使用者に触覚を提示する触覚提示パネルであって、
前記使用者が前記触覚提示つまみに接触したことを検出すると共に、前記触覚提示つまみの前記触覚提示パネル上の位置を検出して位置情報として出力するタッチ検出回路と、
前記使用者の前記触覚提示つまみを介した前記操作面の押込み量を検出して押圧情報として出力する押圧検出回路と、
前記タッチ検出回路より出力される前記位置情報と前記押圧検出回路より出力される前記押圧情報に基づいて、前記触覚提示つまみと前記操作面との間の摩擦力を生成する電圧信号を決定する触覚制御回路と、を備え、
前記触覚制御回路が決定した前記電圧信号により前記触覚提示つまみと前記操作面との間の前記摩擦力の変化に起因する触覚を発生させ、
前記触覚提示つまみは、
前記操作面に対向する位置に設けられ、前記操作面と接する導電性弾性部と、
前記導電性弾性部への押圧力を制限する支持部と、を有する、触覚提示パネル。 - 記押圧検出回で検出された前記押込み量に基づいて押圧量を算出し、前記押圧報に加える押圧量算出回路を備え、
前記押圧検出回路は、
前記電圧信号よって生じる前記触覚提示つまみと前記操作面との間の前記摩擦力が一定になるように、前記触覚提示つまみおよび前記支持部を介した前記操作面の前記押込み量を検出する、請求項1記載の触覚提示パネル。 - 前記触覚提示つまみは、
前記導電性弾性部上に設けられた回転部を有し、
前記支持部は、
前記回転部の底面に設けられ、前記操作面と前記回転部との間の距離を一定に保ち、
前記支持部の高さは、前記触覚提示つまみが前記操作面に載置された状態、かつ、前記使用者が前記触覚提示つまみに接触していない状態における前記導電性弾性部の高さよりも低く設定され、
前記支持部は、
前記使用者が前記触覚提示つまみを押圧した場合に前記操作面と接触し、前記電圧信号を印可していない状態の前記導電性弾性部と前記操作面との摩擦係数を一定に保つ、請求項1記載の触覚提示パネル。 - 前記触覚制御回路は、
触覚提示信号の信号波形および信号電圧が印加される時間、周期を変化させて前記摩擦力を変化させる、請求項1記載の触覚提示パネル。 - 前記触覚提示パネルの前記操作面側に設けられた複数の第1電極および複数の第2電極を含む触覚電極と、
前記触覚電極を覆い、かつ一面が前記操作面である誘電体層と、
前記触覚提示パネルの前記操作面における少なくとも一部の領域に位置する少なくとも1つの前記第1電極に印加する第1の電圧信号を生成し、かつ前記触覚提示パネルの前記操作面における少なくとも一部の領域に位置する少なくとも1つの前記第2電極に印加する前記第1の電圧信号とは異なる波形の第2の電圧信号を生成する電圧生成回路と、を備え、
前記第1および第2の電圧信号の供給により前記操作面と前記触覚提示つまみとの間に生じる前記摩擦力を発生させる、請求項3記載の触覚提示パネル。 - 前記第1の電圧信号および前記第2の電圧信号は、周波数、位相、振幅電圧の少なくとも何れか1つが異なる波形を有する電圧信号である、請求項5記載の触覚提示パネル。
- 前記支持部と前記操作面との前記摩擦係数は、
前記触覚電極と前記導電性弾性部との間に静電気力が生じていない状態における前記導電性弾性部と前記操作面との静止摩擦係数よりも小さい、請求項5記載の触覚提示パネル。 - 前記支持部と前記導電性弾性部との高さの差は、前記導電性弾性部の厚さの寸法公差よりも大きく設定される、請求項3記載の触覚提示パネル。
- 前記導電性弾性部は、
前記回転部の前記底面の複数の位置に互いに間隔を開けて複数設けられ、
前記支持部は、
前記回転部の前記底面の複数の位置に互いに間隔を開けて複数設けられ、
複数の導電性弾性部および複数の支持部は、交互に設けられる、請求項3記載の触覚提示パネル。 - 前記支持部は、
前記回転部の前記底面の外周部に設けられ、
前記導電性弾性部は、
前記支持部の内側の前記回転部の前記底面に設けられる、請求項3記載の触覚提示パネル。 - 前記支持部は、
前記回転部の前記底面の複数の位置に互いに間隔を開けて複数設けられ、
複数の支持部は前記導電性弾性部に囲まれるように設けられる、請求項3記載の触覚提示パネル。 - 前記触覚提示つまみは、
前記回転部の底面に設けられた位置検出部をさらに有し、
前記支持部は、
前記回転部の前記底面の複数の位置に互いに間隔を開けて複数設けられ、
前記位置検出部は、
前記回転部の前記底面の複数の位置に互いに間隔を開けて複数設けられ、
複数の支持部および複数の位置検出部は、交互に設けられる、請求項3記載の触覚提示パネル。 - 前記触覚提示つまみは、
前記操作面に接し、前記触覚提示つまみを回転させる中心軸となる固定部をさらに有する、請求項9から請求項12の何れか1項に記載の触覚提示パネル。 - 前記導電性弾性部は、
前記回転部の前記底面の複数の位置に互いに間隔を開けて複数設けられ、
複数の導電性弾性部は、
平面視において少なくとも隣り合う前記第1電極および前記第2電極と重畳することで触覚を発生させる、請求項5記載の触覚提示パネル。 - 請求項1記載の触覚提示パネルと、
前記触覚提示パネルの前記操作面とは反対側に配置されたタッチパネルと、を備え、
前記タッチ検出回路は、前記タッチパネルに備えられる、触覚提示タッチパネル。 - 前記タッチパネルの検出電極および励起電極は、一対となってマトリクス状に配置されている、請求項15記載の触覚提示タッチパネル。
- 請求項16記載の触覚提示タッチパネルと、
前記触覚提示タッチパネルに取り付けられた表示パネルと、を備える、触覚提示タッチディスプレイ。
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JPWO2022113251A1 (ja) | 2022-06-02 |
CN116547635A (zh) | 2023-08-04 |
US20230409117A1 (en) | 2023-12-21 |
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