WO2022105724A1 - 一种数据传输方法及相关设备 - Google Patents

一种数据传输方法及相关设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022105724A1
WO2022105724A1 PCT/CN2021/130796 CN2021130796W WO2022105724A1 WO 2022105724 A1 WO2022105724 A1 WO 2022105724A1 CN 2021130796 W CN2021130796 W CN 2021130796W WO 2022105724 A1 WO2022105724 A1 WO 2022105724A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
data
uplink
onu
olt
time window
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PCT/CN2021/130796
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林连魁
张伦
罗俊
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP21893871.0A priority Critical patent/EP4231660A4/en
Publication of WO2022105724A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022105724A1/zh
Priority to US18/320,848 priority patent/US20230300500A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H04Q11/0067—Provisions for optical access or distribution networks, e.g. Gigabit Ethernet Passive Optical Network (GE-PON), ATM-based Passive Optical Network (A-PON), PON-Ring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H04Q2011/0064—Arbitration, scheduling or medium access control aspects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H04Q2011/0079—Operation or maintenance aspects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H04Q2011/0086—Network resource allocation, dimensioning or optimisation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of optical communications, and in particular, to a data transmission method and related equipment.
  • Industrial field bus is an industrial data bus that has developed rapidly in recent years. It mainly solves the digital communication between field devices such as intelligent instruments, first controllers, and actuators in industrial fields, as well as these field control devices and advanced control systems. information transfer between them.
  • the master sends a message that goes through each slave in turn.
  • Each slave extracts its own data from the telegram and inserts the data to be exchanged into the telegram.
  • the full-duplex feature of Ethernet technology can be used to return the message to the master station.
  • the use of this serial transmission method will result in a larger transmission delay.
  • the present application provides a data transmission method and related equipment, which replace the original serial transmission with a parallel transmission method, thereby reducing the transmission delay.
  • the present application provides a data transmission method, which is specifically executed by an OLT.
  • the OLT acquires the first uplink transmission parameter of the first terminal corresponding to the first ONU, where the first uplink transmission parameter includes the amount of data sent by the first terminal each time and the period at which the first terminal sends data.
  • the OLT determines a cyclic period for data transmission with the first ONU according to the first uplink transmission parameter, wherein each cyclic period includes an uplink time window and a downlink time window, and the uplink time window includes the first ONU for sending uplink data.
  • An uplink transmission time slot, and the downlink time window is used for the OLT to send downlink data.
  • the OLT sends an uplink grant message to the first ONU, where the uplink grant message is used to indicate the first uplink transmission time slot of the first ONU in each cycle. Furthermore, the OLT receives the first uplink data sent by the first ONU in the first uplink transmission time slot in the same cycle, and sends the first downlink data to the first ONU in the downlink time window in the same cycle.
  • the OLT determines the cycle period according to the uplink transmission parameter of the terminal corresponding to the ONU, and the data transmission between the OLT and the ONU is repeated within the cycle period.
  • the ONU can know its own uplink transmission time slot in each cycle according to the uplink grant message sent by the OLT, and the OLT does not need to send a bandwidth map (BWmap) to the ONU every time to notify it of the uplink transmission time slot. slot, saving the overhead of sending BWmap each time.
  • BWmap bandwidth map
  • the method further includes: the OLT acquires second uplink transmission parameters of the second terminal corresponding to the second ONU, where the second uplink transmission parameters include the amount of data sent by the second terminal each time and the amount of data sent by the second terminal each time. period of data.
  • the OLT determining the cyclic period of data transmission with the first ONU according to the first uplink transmission parameter includes: the OLT determines the cyclic period of data transmission with the first ONU and the second ONU according to the first uplink transmission parameter and the second uplink transmission parameter, wherein , the uplink time window further includes a second uplink transmission time slot used by the second ONU to send uplink data.
  • the method further includes: the OLT sends an uplink grant message to the second ONU, where the uplink grant message is further used to indicate the second uplink transmission time slot of the second ONU in each cycle.
  • the OLT receives the second uplink data sent by the second ONU in the second uplink transmission time slot in the same cycle, and sends the second downlink data to the second ONU in the downlink time window in the same cycle.
  • the OLT sends downlink data to multiple ONUs by broadcasting, and the OLT allocates different uplink transmission time slots to each ONU.
  • the PON system provided by the present application can be applied to an industrial bus, and the original serial transmission is replaced by a parallel transmission mode, thereby reducing the transmission delay.
  • the uplink time window in each cycle precedes the downlink time window.
  • the ONU can actively send the uplink data to the OLT, without strictly following the master-slave mode of the downlink first and then the uplink, as long as the uplink transmission and the downlink transmission between the OLT and the ONU are performed in the same cycle, improving the the overall efficiency of the system.
  • each cycle further includes a first time window, and the first time window in each cycle is located between the uplink time window and the downlink time window, and the method further includes:
  • the OLT sends the first uplink data and the second uplink data to the first controller in the first time window within the same cycle period, and receives the first downlink data and the second downlink data sent by the first controller.
  • the first controller uses the For controlling the first terminal and the second terminal, the first uplink data comes from the first terminal, and the second uplink data comes from the second terminal.
  • the controller sends the corresponding downlink data according to the uplink data reported by the terminal, and a first time window is reserved for the processing of the controller within the cyclic period, which improves the practicability of this solution.
  • sending the first uplink data and the second uplink data to the first controller by the OLT in the first time window within the same cycle includes:
  • the OLT generates an uplink aggregated data frame, and the aggregated data frame includes the first uplink data and the second uplink data.
  • the OLT sends the aggregated data frame to the first controller in the first time window within the same cycle.
  • the OLT can splicing the uplink data sent by each ONU into an uplink aggregated data frame and then report it to the controller in a unified manner, so as to facilitate clock synchronization.
  • receiving the first downlink data and the second downlink data sent by the first controller in the first time window within the same cycle period by the OLT includes:
  • the OLT receives the downlink aggregated data frame sent by the first controller in the first time window within the same cycle period, where the downlink aggregated data frame includes the first downlink data and the second downlink data.
  • the controller can splicing the downlink data that needs to be delivered into a downlink aggregated data frame, which ensures the consistency of the data transmission format between the controller and the OLT.
  • the method further includes: the OLT receives the third downlink data sent by the second controller within the same cycle period, and the priority of the first downlink data and the second downlink data is higher than that of the third downlink data priority.
  • the method further includes: the OLT sends the third downlink data to the third ONU in the same cycle period data.
  • This embodiment can also be applied to scenarios where multiple types of services coexist.
  • the priorities of multiple types of services are different. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that high-priority services are transmitted first, so that this working mode can be extended to more In application scenarios of multiple business types.
  • the low-priority data cannot be transmitted in one cycle due to the excessive amount of data, the low-priority data can also be fragmented, and the transmission can be continued in the next cycle, which improves the flexibility of the scheme.
  • each cycle further includes a second time window and a third time window, where the second time window is used by the first terminal to obtain the first uplink data, and the third time window is used by the first ONU to send the A terminal sends the first downlink data, wherein the second time window in each cycle is before the third time window.
  • each ONU can complete the collection of uplink data and actively report the uplink data within the second time window. Compared with the existing serial transmission mode, unnecessary waiting time is saved and work efficiency is improved.
  • the obtaining of the first uplink transmission parameter of the first terminal corresponding to the first ONU by the OLT includes: the OLT receives, through the first ONU, the first uplink transmission parameter sent by the first terminal. Or, the OLT receives the first uplink transmission parameter sent by the first controller.
  • the controller and the terminal are in a master-slave relationship. When leaving the factory, both the controller and the terminal are configured with a file in XML format, which includes the uplink transmission parameters of the terminal, manufacturer information, and serial number. and other information.
  • the OLT can acquire the first uplink transmission parameter from both the terminal and the controller, which improves the scalability of the solution.
  • the first controller is a programmable logic controller (Programmable Logic Controller, PLC).
  • the uplink authorization message is a physical layer operations, administration and maintenance (PLOAM) message or an optical network terminal management and control interface (optical network terminal management and control interface, OMCI) message.
  • PLOAM physical layer operations, administration and maintenance
  • OMCI optical network terminal management and control interface
  • some fields are reserved in the original structure of the PLOAM message or the OMCI message to indicate the uplink transmission time slot of each ONU in the cyclic period, which improves the practicability of this solution.
  • the present application provides a data transmission method, which is specifically performed by an ONU.
  • the ONU receives the uplink grant message sent by the OLT.
  • the ONU determines the cyclic period for data transmission with the OLT and the uplink transmission time slot in each cyclic period according to the uplink grant message, wherein each cyclic period includes an uplink time window and a downlink time window, and the uplink time window includes the ONU
  • the uplink transmission time slot is used for sending uplink data
  • the downlink time window is used for the OLT to send downlink data.
  • the ONU sends the uplink data to the OLT in the uplink transmission time slot in the same cycle, and receives the downlink data sent by the OLT in the downlink time window in the same cycle.
  • the uplink time window in each cycle precedes the downlink time window.
  • the method before the ONU sends the uplink data to the OLT in the uplink transmission time slot in the same cycle, the method further includes: the ONU receives the uplink data sent by the terminal in the same cycle.
  • the downlink data is sent by the controller to the OLT, and the controller is used to control the terminal.
  • the method further includes: the ONU is in the same The downlink data is sent to the terminal within the cyclic period.
  • the method before the ONU receives the uplink grant message sent by the OLT, the method further includes: the ONU receives the uplink transmission parameters sent by the terminal, and sends the uplink transmission parameters to the OLT.
  • the cycle period is determined by the OLT according to the uplink transmission parameters, and the uplink transmission parameters include the amount of data sent by the terminal each time and the period at which the terminal sends data.
  • the present application provides an OLT, including: a processor, a memory, and an optical transceiver.
  • the processor, the memory, and the optical transceiver are connected to each other through a line, and the processor invokes the program code in the memory to execute the data transmission method shown in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect.
  • the present application provides an ONU, including: a processor, a memory, and an optical transceiver.
  • the processor, the memory, and the optical transceiver are connected to each other through a line, and the processor invokes the program code in the memory to execute the data transmission method shown in any one of the embodiments of the second aspect.
  • the present application provides a passive optical network.
  • the passive optical network includes the OLT shown in the above third aspect and the ONU shown in the above fourth aspect.
  • the present application provides a data transmission system, including: a controller, an OLT, an ONU, and a terminal.
  • the OLT is used for: acquiring the uplink transmission parameters of the terminal corresponding to the ONU, determining the cyclic period of data transmission with the ONU according to the uplink transmission parameters, and sending an uplink authorization message to the ONU.
  • Each cycle includes an uplink time window and a downlink time window
  • the uplink time window includes an uplink transmission time slot used by the ONU to send uplink data
  • the downlink time window is used for the OLT to send downlink data
  • the uplink grant message is used to instruct the ONU to Uplink transmission time slot within a cycle period.
  • the ONU is used to: receive the uplink data sent by the terminal in the same cycle period, and send the uplink data to the OLT.
  • the OLT is also used for: receiving the downlink data sent by the controller in the same cycle period, and sending the downlink data to the ONU.
  • the ONU is also used for: sending downlink data to the terminal in the same cycle.
  • the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, wherein, when the computer program is executed by hardware, any one of the methods performed by the OLT in the above-mentioned first aspect can be implemented. some or all of the steps.
  • the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, wherein, when the computer program is executed by hardware, any one of the methods performed by the ONU in the above-mentioned second aspect can be implemented. some or all of the steps.
  • the OLT determines the cycle period according to the uplink transmission parameter of the terminal corresponding to the ONU, and the data transmission between the OLT and the ONU is repeated within the cycle period.
  • the ONU can know its own uplink transmission time slot in each cycle according to the uplink grant message sent by the OLT, and the OLT does not need to send the BWmap to the ONU to notify it of the uplink transmission time slot every time, saving the time of sending the BWmap every time. s expenses.
  • the OLT sends downlink data to each ONU by broadcasting. If the PON system provided by this application is applied to the industrial bus, the original serial transmission is replaced by parallel transmission, which reduces the transmission delay.
  • the ONU can actively send upstream data to the OLT, without strictly following the master-slave mode of downlink first and then uplink, as long as the uplink transmission and downlink transmission between the OLT and the ONU are performed in the same cycle, which improves the overall system performance. work efficiency.
  • Fig. 1 is the workflow schematic diagram based on EtherCAT in the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a data transmission method in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the data transmission method in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a cycle in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an aggregated data frame in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a kind of sequence diagram of OLT transmission downlink data
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a possible ONU
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a passive optical network provided by the application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmission system provided by the present application.
  • a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units expressly listed, but may include steps or units not expressly listed or for such process, method, product or Other steps or units inherent to the device.
  • Ethernet Control Automation Technology is an open-architecture, Ethernet-based fieldbus system. Automation generally requires short data update time (or cycle time) for communication, low communication jitter during data synchronization, and low hardware cost.
  • EtherCAT development is to allow Ethernet to be used in automation applications. .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a workflow based on EtherCAT in the prior art.
  • EtherCAT uses a standard Ethernet data frame and a physical layer that conforms to the Ethernet standard IEEE 802.3.
  • the master sends a message, which goes through all the slaves in turn.
  • Each slave finds its corresponding data from the message sent by the master, writes the data to be exchanged into the message, and then continues to transmit the message to the next slave.
  • the last slave station on a certain network segment or branch detects an open port (no next slave station), the full-duplex feature of Ethernet technology can be used to return the message to the master station along the original transmission path.
  • the master station is the only node in the network segment that can actively send packets, and the slave station is only responsible for transmitting packets. If the number of slave stations is too large, the use of this serial transmission method will result in a larger transmission delay. Moreover, each slave station can only write the data to be uploaded when it receives the message, and the response speed is slow.
  • the present application provides a passive optical network (PON) system, which replaces the original EtherCAT bus, realizes parallel transmission between the master station and the slave station, reduces the transmission delay, and the slave station It can actively report data to the master station, which improves the overall response speed of all slave stations.
  • PON passive optical network
  • FIG. 2 is a PON system applied to an industrial bus according to an embodiment of the application.
  • OLT Optical Line Termination
  • OLT Optical Network Unit
  • ONU Optical Network Unit
  • OLT, ONU and optical splitter can form a PON system.
  • the master station includes a controller for controlling the terminals in the slave station.
  • the controller in the master station may be a programmable logic controller (Programmable Logic Controller, PLC), a safety monitoring controller, and a production management controller.
  • the terminals in the slave station can be servo motors, solenoid valves and sensors, etc.
  • the controller When downlink data is transmitted, the controller sends the downlink data to the OLT, the optical splitter then transmits the downlink data to each ONU respectively, and the ONU selectively receives the downlink data carrying its own identity and sends the downlink data to the corresponding terminal, wherein the said The corresponding terminal generally refers to the terminal connected in the downstream direction of the ONU.
  • the terminal When transmitting data upstream, the terminal sends the upstream data to the ONU, and the optical splitter combines the upstream data sent by each ONU into one signal and transmits it to the OLT, and then the OLT sends the upstream data to the controller.
  • the upper PON system also has an OLT and an ONU.
  • the upper-layer PON system is referred to here as a factory-layer PON system
  • the lower-layer PON system as shown in FIG. 2 is referred to as a device-layer PON system.
  • the master station shown in FIG. 2 can be used as both the OLT of the equipment layer PON system and the ONU of the factory layer PON system. That is to say, the master station provided by the present application can play a linking role between the factory-level PON system and the equipment-level PON system.
  • PON system provided by the present application is not limited to industrial application scenarios, and is applicable as long as the scenarios conform to the system architecture shown in FIG. 2 , which is not specifically limited here.
  • the following describes the data transmission method provided by the present application in conjunction with the above-mentioned PON system. It should be noted that the number of ONUs in the PON system of the present application may be one or more. Data interaction is performed between ONUs. The following embodiments mainly take a scenario where multiple ONUs exist as an example for introduction.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a data transmission method in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the data transmission method includes the following steps.
  • the OLT acquires the uplink transmission parameters of the terminal corresponding to the ONU.
  • each ONU has a corresponding terminal, and the OLT can acquire the uplink transmission parameters of each terminal.
  • the uplink transmission parameters of the terminal include the amount of data that the terminal needs to send each time and the period during which the terminal sends data. It should be understood that the uplink transmission parameter may also include other parameters such as the data type of the data sent by the terminal, which is not specifically limited here.
  • the OLT determines a cycle of data transmission with the ONU according to the uplink transmission parameter.
  • each cycle period in order to keep all terminals working in synchronization, a cycle period needs to be determined, so that each link in the system is repeated within the cycle period.
  • the OLT determines the cycle period according to the uplink transmission parameters of each terminal. For example, the OLT may select the shortest period from the period in which each terminal transmits data as the cycle period of the system. It should be understood that the present application does not limit the specific duration of the cycle period, for example, the cycle period may be 31.25us or the like.
  • each cycle includes an uplink time window and a downlink time window. The downlink time window is used by the OLT to send downlink data to the ONU.
  • the uplink time window includes an uplink transmission time slot used by each ONU to send uplink data, and different ONUs have different uplink transmission time slots in each cycle.
  • the OLT may allocate an uplink transmission time slot to the ONU corresponding to each terminal according to the amount of data sent by each terminal each time.
  • the OLT sends an uplink grant message to the ONU.
  • the OLT may send an uplink grant message to each ONU in a broadcast manner, and the ONUs may determine their respective uplink transmission time slots within the cyclic period according to the uplink grant message.
  • the OLT can send an uplink authorization message to the ONU before each time the ONU sends uplink data, the uplink authorization message includes a bandwidth map (bandwidth map, BWmap), and the BWmap includes one or more authorization message structures ( allocation structure), each ONU can know its own uplink transmission time slot by identifying the authorization message structure corresponding to itself.
  • the OLT may send an uplink authorization message to the ONU in the stage of ONU activation and registration, and the uplink authorization message may be a physical layer operations, administration and maintenance (PLOAM) message or an optical network terminal management control interface (optical network terminal). network terminal management and control interface, OMCI) message.
  • PLOAM physical layer operations, administration and maintenance
  • OMCI optical network terminal management control interface
  • some fields are reserved in the original structure of the PLOAM message or the OMCI message to indicate the uplink transmission time slot of each ONU in the cyclic period.
  • PLOAM physical layer operations, administration and maintenance
  • OMCI optical network terminal management control interface
  • the OLT receives the uplink data sent by the ONU in the uplink time window in the same cycle, and sends the downlink data to the ONU in the downlink time window in the same cycle.
  • the OLT sends downlink data to each ONU by broadcasting. If the PON system provided by this application is applied to an industrial bus, the original serial transmission is replaced by parallel transmission, which reduces the transmission delay .
  • the ONU can actively send upstream data to the OLT, without strictly following the master-slave mode of downlink first and then uplink, as long as the uplink transmission and downlink transmission between the OLT and the ONU are performed in the same cycle, which improves the overall system performance. work efficiency.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the data transmission method in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the data transmission method includes the following steps.
  • Ranging is performed between the OLT and the ONU.
  • the OLT can assign an ID to each ONU and measure the length of the optical fiber corresponding to each ONU, thereby distinguishing each ONU and ensuring that the upstream transmissions of each ONU do not conflict. It should be understood that the step of ranging and going online in this application is consistent with the prior art, and details are not repeated here.
  • the terminal sends the upstream transmission parameter to the OLT through the ONU.
  • each terminal can send the local uplink transmission parameters to the ONU, and then each ONU sends the uplink transmission parameters to the OLT.
  • the uplink transmission parameters please refer to step 301 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 , and details are not repeated here.
  • the controller sends the uplink transmission parameters of the terminal to the OLT.
  • the controller may also send the uplink transmission parameters of each terminal to the OLT.
  • the controller controls the terminal.
  • both the controller and the terminal are configured with a file in XML format, which includes the uplink transmission parameters of the terminal, manufacturer information, serial number and other information.
  • the OLT can obtain the uplink transmission parameters of each terminal by parsing the XML format file sent by the controller.
  • the OLT determines a cycle of data transmission with the ONU according to the uplink transmission parameter.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the cycle period in the embodiment of the present application.
  • a cycle can be divided into five parts: time window 1-time window 5.
  • the time window 1 is used for the ONU to collect the uplink data of the terminal.
  • Time window 2 corresponds to the uplink time window in step 302 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 , and is used for each ONU to send collected uplink data to the OLT, and each ONU has different uplink transmission time slots in time window 2 .
  • the time window 3 is used for the controller to receive the uplink data sent by the OLT, calculate and obtain the downlink data corresponding to each terminal according to the uplink data, and then send the downlink data to the OLT.
  • Time window 4 corresponds to the downlink time window in step 302 in the above-mentioned embodiment shown in FIG. 3 , and is used by the OLT to broadcast downlink data to each ONU.
  • the time window 5 is used for each ONU to send downlink data to the corresponding terminal, and the terminal performs corresponding operations according to the received downlink data.
  • the existing industrial bus system adopts a serial transmission mode, which requires the controller to send downlink data first, and then each terminal sequentially returns the uplink data to the main station.
  • the ONU first actively sends the collected uplink data to the OLT, and the OLT aggregates the uplink data sent by each ONU and sends it to the controller, and then the controller sends the downlink data.
  • each ONU can complete the collection of upstream data within time window 1 and actively report the upstream data.
  • unnecessary waiting time is saved and work efficiency is improved.
  • the OLT sends an uplink grant message to the ONU.
  • step 405 is similar to step 303 in the above-mentioned embodiment shown in FIG. 3 , and details are not repeated here.
  • the ONU samples the uplink data of the terminal.
  • step 406 is completed within the time window 1 shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the uplink data includes, but is not limited to, the position and speed of the robotic arm.
  • the ONU sends uplink data to the OLT.
  • step 407 is completed within the time window 2 shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the OLT sends uplink data to the controller.
  • step 408 is completed within the time window 3 shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the OLT may directly forward the uplink data reported by each ONU to the controller.
  • the OLT generates an aggregated data frame after extracting the uplink data reported by each ONU, and sends the aggregated data frame to the controller.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an aggregated data frame in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG.
  • the start field of the aggregated data frame is an Ethernet frame header
  • the end field of the aggregated data frame is a frame check sequence (Frame Check Sequence, FCS)
  • the middle field of the aggregated data frame sequentially includes Downlink data and uplink data corresponding to each terminal.
  • the OLT inserts the upstream data sent by each ONU into the corresponding upstream data field in the aggregated data frame, and sends the aggregated data frame to the controller.
  • the clock synchronization between the OLT and the controller can be accomplished by means of interrupts. Specifically, after the OLT collects the uplink data uploaded by all the ONUs, it first informs the controller that the uplink data can be received, and then the controller reads the uplink data from the OLT.
  • the controller sends downlink data to the OLT.
  • step 409 is completed within the time window 3 shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the controller calculates downlink data corresponding to each terminal according to the received uplink data, then generates an aggregated data frame according to the downlink data, and sends the aggregated data frame to the OLT.
  • the aggregated data frame is consistent with the structure shown in FIG. 6 , the controller inserts the downlink data to be sent into the corresponding downlink data fields in the aggregated data frame, and sends the aggregated data frame to the OLT.
  • the OLT sends downlink data to the ONU.
  • step 410 is completed within the time window 4 shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the OLT can first convert the frame format of the downlink data sent by the controller into the frame format specified by the PON standard, and then send the downstream data to each ONU in the frame format specified by the PON standard.
  • the OLT transmits the downlink data frame by broadcasting, and each ONU can extract the downlink data required by each ONU after receiving the downlink data frame.
  • the OLT may receive downlink data sent by different controllers.
  • the OLT can receive downstream data from a PLC, and it may also receive downstream data from other controllers such as safety monitoring controllers or production management controllers.
  • the OLT can send the data to the ONU in sequence according to the priority of the downlink data sent by each controller. It should be understood that if the low-priority data cannot be completely transmitted in one cycle due to the excessively large amount of data, the low-priority data may also be fragmented and continue to be transmitted in the next cycle.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a timing sequence for the OLT to transmit downlink data.
  • the priority of PLC messages is higher than that of ordinary downlink messages.
  • PLC messages are first sent within the downlink time window of the first cycle. For message 0, the downlink message 0 is sent after the PLC message 0 is transmitted. However, because the first cycle cannot transmit all the downlink message 0, the downlink message 0 needs to be fragmented. In the first cycle, the first part of the downlink packet after 0 fragmentation is transmitted, and then the first part of the downlink packet after 0 fragmentation is transmitted in the second cycle when the PLC packet 1 is not transmitted. The second part is transmitted.
  • low-priority ordinary packets are not strictly required to be transmitted within the downlink time window of the cyclic period, and low-priority packets can be transmitted as long as there is no high-priority packet transmission in the cyclic period.
  • the ONU sends downlink data to the terminal.
  • step 411 is completed within the time window 5 shown in FIG. 5 .
  • each terminal After receiving the downlink data, each terminal can synchronously perform its own related operations.
  • the OLT determines the cycle period according to the uplink transmission parameter of the terminal corresponding to each ONU, and the data transmission between the OLT and each ONU is repeated within the cycle period.
  • Each ONU can know its own upstream transmission time slot in each cycle according to the upstream authorization message sent by the OLT, and the OLT does not need to send a BWmap to the ONU to notify its upstream transmission time slot every time, saving every time the transmission is sent. Overhead of BWmap.
  • the OLT sends downlink data to each ONU by broadcasting. If the PON system provided by this application is applied to the industrial bus, the original serial transmission is replaced by parallel transmission, which reduces the transmission delay.
  • the ONU can actively send upstream data to the OLT, without strictly following the master-slave mode of downlink first and then uplink, as long as the uplink transmission and downlink transmission between the OLT and the ONU are performed in the same cycle, which improves the overall system performance. work efficiency.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a possible OLT.
  • the OLT includes a processor 801 , a memory 802 and a transceiver 803 .
  • the processor 801, the memory 802 and the transceiver 803 are connected to each other by wires, wherein the memory 802 is used to store program instructions and data.
  • Transceiver 803 includes a transmitter and a receiver. It should be noted that the OLT may be an OLT that implements the data transmission method in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 4 .
  • the memory 802 stores program instructions and data supporting the steps in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 4
  • the processor 801 and the transceiver 803 are used to execute the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 4 method steps in .
  • the transceiver 803 is used to perform data transceiving operations
  • the processor 801 is used to perform other operations except data transceiving.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a possible ONU.
  • the ONU includes a processor 901 , a memory 902 and a transceiver 903 .
  • the processor 901, the memory 902 and the transceiver 903 are interconnected by wires, wherein the memory 902 is used to store program instructions and data.
  • Transceiver 903 contains a transmitter and a receiver. It should be noted that the ONU may be an ONU that implements the data transmission method in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 4 .
  • the memory 902 stores program instructions and data supporting the steps in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 4
  • the processor 901 and the transceiver 903 are used to execute the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 4 method steps in .
  • the transceiver 903 is used to perform data transceiving operations
  • the processor 901 is used to perform other operations except data transceiving.
  • the processors shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 can be a general-purpose central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit ASIC, or at least one integrated circuit for Relevant programs are executed to realize the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application.
  • the memories shown in Figures 8 and 9 above may store operating systems and other applications.
  • program codes for implementing the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are stored in a memory and executed by a processor.
  • a memory may be included within the processor.
  • the processor and memory are two separate structures.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a passive optical network provided by the application.
  • the passive optical network includes OLT (1001) and ONU (1002).
  • the OLT (1001) is configured to execute part or all of the steps of any one of the methods performed by the OLT in the above-mentioned embodiment shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 4 .
  • the ONU (1002) is configured to execute part or all of the steps of any one of the methods performed by the ONU in the above-mentioned embodiment shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 4 .
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmission system provided by the present application.
  • the data transmission system includes a controller 1101 , an OLT ( 1102 ), an ONU ( 1103 ) and a terminal 1104 .
  • the controller 1101 is configured to execute part or all of the steps of any one of the methods executed by the controller in the above-mentioned embodiment shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the OLT ( 1102 ) is configured to execute part or all of the steps of any one of the methods executed by the OLT in the above-mentioned embodiment shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the ONU (1103) is configured to execute part or all of the steps of any one of the methods executed by the ONU in the above-mentioned embodiment shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the terminal 1104 is configured to execute part or all of the steps of any one of the methods performed by the terminal in the above-mentioned embodiment shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the above-mentioned processing unit or processor may be a central processing unit, a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices , transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer may be a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, computer network, or other programmable device.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be downloaded from a website site, computer, server or data center Transmission to another website site, computer, server, or data center is by wire (eg, coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (eg, infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
  • the computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, a data center, or the like that includes an integration of one or more available media.
  • the usable media may be magnetic media (eg, floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (eg, DVD), or semiconductor media (eg, Solid State Disk (SSD)), and the like.

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Abstract

本申请实施例公开了一种数据传输方法及相关设备。本申请实施例方法包括：OLT获取与第一ONU对应的第一终端的第一上行传输参数。接下来，OLT根据第一上行传输参数确定与第一ONU进行数据传输的循环周期，其中，每个循环周期包括上行时间窗口和下行时间窗口，上行时间窗口包括第一ONU用于发送上行数据的第一上行传输时隙，下行时间窗口用于OLT发送下行数据。之后，OLT向第一ONU发送上行授权消息，上行授权消息用于指示第一ONU在每个循环周期内的第一上行传输时隙。进而，OLT在同一循环周期内的第一上行传输时隙接收第一ONU发送的第一上行数据，并在同一循环周期内的下行时间窗口向第一ONU发送第一下行数据。

Description

一种数据传输方法及相关设备
本申请要求于2020年11月20日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202011313875.9、申请名称为“一种数据传输方法及相关设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及光通信领域，尤其涉及一种数据传输方法及相关设备。
背景技术
工业现场总线是近年来迅速发展起来的一种工业数据总线，它主要解决工业现场的智能化仪器仪表、第一控制器、执行机构等现场设备间的数字通信以及这些现场控制设备和高级控制系统之间的信息传递问题。
当前的现场总线协议中，主站发送一个报文，该报文依次经过每个从站。每个从站从报文中提取各自的数据，并将需要交换的数据插入报文。当该报文传输至最后一个从站后，可以利用以太网技术的全双工特性，再将报文返回给主站。然而，若从站的数量过大，采用这种串行的传输方式将导致传输时延较大。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种数据传输方法及相关设备，以并行传输的方式代替原有的串行传输，降低了传输时延。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种数据传输方法，该方法具体由OLT执行。首先，OLT获取与第一ONU对应的第一终端的第一上行传输参数，第一上行传输参数包括第一终端每次发送的数据量和第一终端发送数据的周期。之后，OLT根据第一上行传输参数确定与第一ONU进行数据传输的循环周期，其中，每个循环周期包括上行时间窗口和下行时间窗口，上行时间窗口包括第一ONU用于发送上行数据的第一上行传输时隙，下行时间窗口用于OLT发送下行数据。接下来，OLT向第一ONU发送上行授权消息，上行授权消息用于指示第一ONU在每个循环周期内的第一上行传输时隙。进而，OLT在同一循环周期内的第一上行传输时隙接收第一ONU发送的第一上行数据，并在同一循环周期内的下行时间窗口向第一ONU发送第一下行数据。
在该实施方式中，OLT根据ONU对应的终端的上行传输参数确定循环周期，OLT和ONU之间的数据传输是在循环周期内重复进行的。ONU根据OLT发送的上行授权消息即可知道自身在每个循环周期内的上行传输时隙，OLT也就不用每次都通过向ONU发送带宽映射表(bandwidth map，BWmap)来通知其上行传输时隙，节省了每次发送BWmap的开销。
在一些可能的实施方式中，方法还包括：OLT获取与第二ONU对应的第二终端的第二上行传输参数，第二上行传输参数包括第二终端每次发送的数据量和第二终端发送数据的周期。
OLT根据第一上行传输参数确定与第一ONU进行数据传输的循环周期包括：OLT根据第一上行传输参数和第二上行传输参数确定与第一ONU和第二ONU进行数据传输的循环周期，其中，上行时间窗口还包括第二ONU用于发送上行数据的第二上行传输时隙。
方法还包括：OLT向第二ONU发送上行授权消息，上行授权消息还用于指示第二ONU在每个循环周期内的第二上行传输时隙。OLT在同一循环周期内的第二上行传输时隙接收第二ONU发送的第二上行数据，并在同一循环周期内的下行时间窗口向第二ONU发送第二下行数据。
在该实施方式中，OLT通过广播的方式向多个ONU发送下行数据，并且OLT为每个ONU分配了不同的上行传输时隙。可以将本申请所提供的PON系统应用于工业总线中，以并行传输的方式代替原有的串行传输，降低了传输时延。
在一些可能的实施方式中，每个循环周期内的上行时间窗口在下行时间窗口之前。在该实施方式中，ONU可以主动向OLT发送上行数据，不用严格按照先下行后上行的主从模式，只要OLT和ONU之间的上行传输和下行传输在同一个循环周期内进行即可，提高了系统的整体工作效率。
在一些可能的实施方式中，每个循环周期还包括第一时间窗口，每个循环周期内的第一时间窗口位于上行时间窗口和下行时间窗口之间，方法还包括：
OLT在同一循环周期内的第一时间窗口向第一控制器发送第一上行数据和第二上行数据，并接收第一控制器发送的第一下行数据和第二下行数据，第一控制器用于对第一终端和第二终端进行控制，第一上行数据来自第一终端，第二上行数据来自第二终端。
在该实施方式中，由控制器根据终端上报的上行数据来下发对应的下行数据，在循环周期内为控制器的处理预留了第一时间窗口，提高了本方案的实用性。
在一些可能的实施方式中，OLT在同一循环周期内的第一时间窗口向第一控制器发送第一上行数据和第二上行数据包括：
OLT生成上行聚合数据帧，聚合数据帧包括第一上行数据和第二上行数据。OLT在同一循环周期内的第一时间窗口向第一控制器发送聚合数据帧。在该实施方式中，OLT可以将各ONU发送的上行数据拼接为上行聚合数据帧再统一上报给控制器，便于实现时钟同步。
在一些可能的实施方式中，OLT在同一循环周期内的第一时间窗口接收第一控制器发送的第一下行数据和第二下行数据包括：
OLT在同一循环周期内的第一时间窗口接收第一控制器发送的下行聚合数据帧，下行聚合数据帧包括第一下行数据和第二下行数据。在该实施方式中，控制器可以将需要下发的下行数据拼接为下行聚合数据帧，保证了控制器与OLT之间数传传输格式的一致性。
在一些可能的实施方式中，方法还包括：OLT在同一循环周期内接收第二控制器发送的第三下行数据，第一下行数据和第二下行数据的优先级高于第三下行数据的优先级。
OLT在同一循环周期内的下行时间窗口向第一ONU发送第一下行数据，并向第二ONU发送第二下行数据之后，方法还包括：OLT在同一循环周期内向第三ONU发送第三下行数据。
在该实施方式中，还可以应用于多种类型业务共存的场景中，多种类型业务的优先级不同，因此需要优先保证高优先级的业务传输在先，便于将这种工作模式扩展到更多业务类型的应用场景中。并且如果由于低优先级的数据量过大而导致一个循环周期内无法传输完毕， 还可以对该低优先级的数据进行分片，在下一个循环周期内在继续传输，提高了方案的灵活性。
在一些可能的实施方式中，每个循环周期还包括第二时间窗口和第三时间窗口，第二时间窗口用于第一终端获取第一上行数据，第三时间窗口用于第一ONU向第一终端发送第一下行数据，其中，每个循环周期内的第二时间窗口在第三时间窗口之前。
在该实施方式中，各ONU都可以在第二时间窗口内完成上行数据的采集并主动上报上行数据，相对于现有的串行传输方式，节省了不必要的等待时间，提高了工作效率。
在一些可能的实施方式中，OLT获取与第一ONU对应的第一终端的第一上行传输参数包括：OLT通过第一ONU接收第一终端发送的第一上行传输参数。或者，OLT接收第一控制器发送的第一上行传输参数。在该实施方式中，控制器和终端之间是主从关系，在出厂时，控制器和终端都配置有一个XML格式的文件，该文件中包括了终端的上行传输参数以及厂商信息、序列号等信息。OLT既可以从终端也可以从控制器获取该第一上行传输参数，提高了本方案的扩展性。
在一些可能的实施方式中，第一控制器为可编程逻辑控制器(Programmable Logic Controller，PLC)。上行授权消息为物理层操作管理和维护(physical layer operations,administration and maintenance，PLOAM)消息或者光网络终端管理控制接口(optical network terminal management and control interface，OMCI)消息。例如，在PLOAM消息或OMCI消息的原有结构中预留部分字段用于指示各ONU在循环周期内的上行传输时隙，提高了本方案的可实现性。
第二方面，本申请提供了一种数据传输方法，该方法具体由ONU执行。首先，ONU接收OLT发送的上行授权消息。接下来，ONU根据上行授权消息确定与OLT进行数据传输的循环周期和在每个循环周期内的上行传输时隙，其中，每个循环周期包括上行时间窗口和下行时间窗口，上行时间窗口包括ONU用于发送上行数据的上行传输时隙，下行时间窗口用于OLT发送下行数据。进而，ONU在同一循环周期内的上行传输时隙向OLT发送上行数据，并在同一循环周期内的下行时间窗口接收OLT发送的下行数据。
在一些可能的实施方式中，每个循环周期内的上行时间窗口在下行时间窗口之前。
在一些可能的实施方式中，ONU在同一循环周期内的上行传输时隙向OLT发送上行数据之前，方法还包括：ONU在同一循环周期内接收终端发送的上行数据。
在一些可能的实施方式中，下行数据由控制器发送至OLT，控制器用于对终端进行控制，ONU在同一循环周期内的下行时间窗口接收OLT发送的下行数据之后，方法还包括：ONU在同一循环周期内将下行数据发送至终端。
在一些可能的实施方式中，ONU接收OLT发送的上行授权消息之前，方法还包括：ONU接收终端发送的上行传输参数，并将上行传输参数发送至OLT。循环周期由OLT根据上行传输参数确定，上行传输参数包括终端每次发送的数据量和终端发送数据的周期。
第三方面，本申请提供了一种OLT，包括：处理器、存储器以及光收发器。其中，该处理器、该存储器以及该光收发器通过线路互相连接，该处理器调用该存储器中的程序代码用于执行上述第一方面中任一实施方式所示的数据传输方法。
第四方面，本申请提供了一种ONU，包括：处理器、存储器以及光收发器。其中，该处理器、该存储器以及该光收发器通过线路互相连接，该处理器调用该存储器中的程序代码用于执行上述第二方面中任一实施方式所示的数据传输方法。
第五方面，本申请提供了一种无源光网络。该无源光网络包括上述第三方面所示的OLT和上述第四方面所示的ONU。
第六方面，本申请提供了一种数据传输系统，包括：控制器、OLT、ONU和终端。
OLT用于：获取与ONU对应的终端的上行传输参数，根据上行传输参数确定与ONU进行数据传输的循环周期，并向ONU发送上行授权消息。其中，每个循环周期包括上行时间窗口和下行时间窗口，上行时间窗口包括ONU用于发送上行数据的上行传输时隙，下行时间窗口用于OLT发送下行数据，上行授权消息用于指示ONU在每个循环周期内的上行传输时隙。
ONU用于：在同一循环周期内接收终端发送的上行数据，并将上行数据发送至OLT。
OLT还用于：在同一循环周期内接收控制器发送的下行数据，并将下行数据发送至ONU。
ONU还用于：在同一循环周期内将下行数据发送至终端。
第七方面，本申请提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序，其中，计算机程序被硬件执行时能够实现上述第一方面中由OLT执行的任意一种方法的部分或全部步骤。
第八方面，本申请提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序，其中，计算机程序被硬件执行时能够实现上述第二方面中由ONU执行的任意一种方法的部分或全部步骤。
本申请实施例中，OLT根据ONU对应的终端的上行传输参数确定循环周期，OLT和ONU之间的数据传输是在循环周期内重复进行的。ONU根据OLT发送的上行授权消息即可知道自身在每个循环周期内的上行传输时隙，OLT也就不用每次都通过向ONU发送BWmap来通知其上行传输时隙，节省了每次发送BWmap的开销。另外，OLT通过广播的方式向各ONU发送下行数据，如果将本申请所提供的PON系统应用于工业总线中，以并行传输的方式代替原有的串行传输，降低了传输时延。并且，ONU可以主动向OLT发送上行数据，不用严格按照先下行后上行的主从模式，只要OLT和ONU之间的上行传输和下行传输在同一个循环周期内进行即可，提高了系统的整体工作效率。
附图说明
图1为现有技术中基于EtherCAT的工作流程示意图；
图2为本申请实施例中的一种应用于工业总线的PON系统；
图3为本申请实施例中数据传输方法的一个实施例示意图；
图4为本申请实施例中数据传输方法的另一个实施例示意图；
图5本申请实施例中循环周期的示意图；
图6为本申请实施例中聚合数据帧的一种结构示意图；
图7为OLT传输下行数据的一种时序示意图；
图8为一种可能的OLT的结构示意图；
图9为一种可能的ONU的结构示意图；
图10为本申请提供的一种无源光网络的结构示意图；
图11为本申请提供的一种数据传输系统的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请提供了一种数据传输方法及相关设备。需要说明的是，本申请说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”和“第三”等用于区别类似的对象，而非限定特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解，上述术语在适当情况下可以互换，以便在本申请描述的实施例能够以除了在本申请描述的内容以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
以太网控制自动化技术(EtherCAT)是一个开放架构，以以太网为基础的现场总线系统。自动化对通信一般会要求较短的资料更新时间(或称为周期时间)、资料同步时的通信抖动量低，而且硬件的成本要低，EtherCAT开发的目的就是让以太网可以运用在自动化应用中。
图1为现有技术中基于EtherCAT的工作流程示意图。如图1所示，EtherCAT采用标准的以太网数据帧和符合以太网标准IEEE 802.3的物理层。主站发送一个报文，报文依次经过所有从站。每个从站从主站发送的报文中寻找到各自对应的数据，并将需要交换的数据写入报文，再将报文继续传输至下一个从站。当某一网段或分支上的最后一个从站检测到开放端口(无下一个从站)时，可以利用以太网技术的全双工特性，将报文沿原传输路径返回给主站。其中，主站是网段内唯一能够主动发送报文的节点，从站只负责传输报文。若从站的数量过大，采用这种串行的传输方式将导致传输时延较大。并且，每个从站只有当自己收到报文时才能写入要上传的数据，响应速度较慢。
为此，本申请提供了一种无源光网络(passive optical network，PON)系统，代替原有的EtherCAT总线，实现主站与从站之间的并行传输，降低了传输时延，并且从站可以主动向主站上报数据，提高了所有从站的整体响应速度。
图2为本申请实施例中的一种应用于工业总线的PON系统。如图2所示，与现有工业总线系统的区别在于，在主站的位置配置了光线路终端(Optical Line Termination，OLT)，并在从站的位置配置了光网络单元(Optical Network Unit，ONU)。OLT、ONU以及分光器即可组成PON系统。具体地，主站中包括用于对从站中的终端进行控制的控制器。其中，主站中的控制器可以是可编程逻辑控制器(Programmable Logic Controller，PLC)、安全监控控制器和生产管理控制器等。从站中的终端可以是伺服电机、电磁阀和传感器等。下行传输数据时，控制器将下行数据发送至OLT，分光器再将下行数据分别传输到各个ONU，ONU选择性接收携带自身标识的下行数据并将下行数据发送至对应的终端,其中，所述对应的终端一般指ONU下行方向连接的终端。上行传输数据时，终端将上行数据发送至ONU，分光器将各路ONU发送的上行数据组合成一路信号传输到OLT，再由OLT将上行数据发送至控制器。
应理解，在实际应用中，在上述图2所示的PON系统的上层还配置有另一层PON系统。该上层PON系统同样具有OLT和ONU。例如，这里将上层PON系统称之为工厂层PON系统， 将如图2所示的下层PON系统称之为设备层PON系统。具体地，上述图2中所示的主站既可以作为设备层PON系统的OLT，也可以作为工厂层PON系统的ONU。也就是说，本申请所提供的主站可以在工厂层PON系统和设备层PON系统之间起到承上启下的作用。
需要说明的是，本申请所提供的PON系统不仅限于工业应用场景，只要是符合上述图2所示系统架构的场景均适用，具体此处不做限定。
下面结合上述的PON系统对本申请提供的数据传输方法进行介绍，需要说明的是，本申请PON系统中ONU的数量可以是一个也可以是多个，考虑到实际应用中通常都是OLT与多个ONU之间进行数据交互，下面的实施例主要以多个ONU存在的场景为例进行介绍。
图3为本申请实施例中数据传输方法的一个实施例示意图。在示例中，数据传输方法包括如下步骤。
301、OLT获取与ONU对应的终端的上行传输参数。
请参照上述图2，每个ONU具有与之对应的终端，OLT可以获取每个终端的上行传输参数。其中，终端的上行传输参数包括终端每次需要发送的数据量和终端发送数据的周期。应理解，上行传输参数还可以包括终端所发送数据的数据类型等其他参数，具体此处不做限定。
302、OLT根据上行传输参数确定与ONU进行数据传输的循环周期。
本实施例中，为了使各终端可以一直保持同步工作，需要确定循环周期，使得系统中的每个环节都在循环周期内重复进行。具体地，OLT根据每个终端的上行传输参数确定循环周期。例如，OLT可以从每个终端发送数据的周期中选择最短的那个周期作为系统的循环周期。应理解，本申请不限定循环周期的具体时长，如该循环周期可以是31.25us等。其中，每个循环周期包括上行时间窗口和下行时间窗口。下行时间窗口用于OLT向ONU发送下行数据。上行时间窗口包括每个ONU用于发送上行数据的上行传输时隙，不同的ONU在每个循环周期内的上行传输时隙不同。例如，OLT可以根据各终端每次发送的数据量来为各终端对应的ONU分配上行传输时隙。
303、OLT向ONU发送上行授权消息。
本实施例中，OLT可以通过广播的方式向每个ONU发送上行授权消息，ONU根据上行授权消息即可确定各自在循环周期内的上行传输时隙。在传统的实现方式中，OLT可以在ONU每次发送上行数据之前向ONU发送上行授权消息，该上行授权消息包括带宽映射表(bandwidth map，BWmap)，BWmap中包括一个或多个授权消息结构(allocation structure)，各ONU通过识别与自身对应的授权消息结构就能知道各自的上行传输时隙。
除此之外，本申请还提供了另一种可能的实现方式。具体地，OLT可以在ONU激活注册的阶段向ONU发送上行授权消息，上行授权消息可以是物理层操作管理和维护(physical layer operations,administration and maintenance，PLOAM)消息或者光网络终端管理控制接口(optical network terminal management and control interface，OMCI)消息。例如，在PLOAM消息或OMCI消息的原有结构中预留部分字段用于指示各ONU在循环周期内的上行传输时隙。应理解，由于OLT和ONU之间的数据传输是在循环周期内重复进行的，因此OLT通过PLOAM消息或OMCI消息对各ONU进行上行授权后，各ONU就可以在每个循环周 期内按照协商好的上行传输时隙发送上行数据。OLT也就不用每次都通过向ONU发送BWmap来通知其上行传输时隙，节省了每次发送BWmap的开销。
304、OLT在同一循环周期内的上行时间窗口接收ONU发送的上行数据，并在同一循环周期内的下行时间窗口向ONU发送下行数据。
本实施例中，OLT通过广播的方式向各ONU发送下行数据，如果将本申请所提供的PON系统应用于工业总线中，以并行传输的方式代替原有的串行传输，降低了传输时延。并且，ONU可以主动向OLT发送上行数据，不用严格按照先下行后上行的主从模式，只要OLT和ONU之间的上行传输和下行传输在同一个循环周期内进行即可，提高了系统的整体工作效率。
下面对上述图3所示的PON系统应用于工业总线场景的实施例进行进一步介绍，图4为本申请实施例中数据传输方法的另一个实施例示意图。在示例中，数据传输方法包括如下步骤。
401、OLT和ONU之间进行测距上线。
各ONU向OTL请求上线后，OLT可以为各ONU分配身份标识，并测量各ONU所对应光纤的长短，从而对各ONU进行区分，保证各ONU的上行传输不冲突。应理解，本申请中的测距上线步骤与现有技术一致，具体此处不再赘述。
402、终端通过ONU向OLT发送上行传输参数。
可选地，每个终端可以将本地的上行传输参数发送至ONU，再由各ONU将上行传输参数发送至OLT。关于上行传输参数的描述请参阅图3所示实施例中的步骤301、具体此处不再赘述。
403、控制器向OLT发送终端的上行传输参数。
可选地，除了由终端上报本地的上行传输参数外，也可以由控制器向OLT发送各终端的上行传输参数。应理解，控制器和终端之间是主从关系，由控制器对终端进行控制。在出厂时，控制器和终端都配置有一个XML格式的文件，该文件中包括了终端的上行传输参数以及厂商信息、序列号等信息。OLT解析由控制器发送的XML格式的文件即可获取到各终端的上行传输参数。
404、OLT根据上行传输参数确定与ONU进行数据传输的循环周期。
图5本申请实施例中循环周期的示意图。如图5所示，一个循环周期可以划分为时间窗口1-时间窗口5共5个部分。其中，时间窗口1用于ONU采集终端的上行数据。时间窗口2对应上述图3所示实施例步骤302中的上行时间窗口，用于各ONU向OLT发送采集到的上行数据，每个ONU在时间窗口2中的上行传输时隙不同。时间窗口3用于控制器接收OLT发送的上行数据，并根据上行数据计算得到与各终端对应的下行数据，再将下行数据发送至OLT。时间窗口4对应上述图3所示实施例步骤302中的下行时间窗口，用于OLT向各ONU广播下行数据。时间窗口5用于每个ONU向对应的终端发送下行数据，并由终端根据收到的下行数据执行相应的操作。
应理解，本申请不同于现有的工业总线系统。现有的工业总线系统采用串行的传输方式，需要控制器先发送下行数据，再依次由各终端将上行数据返回总站。本申请中，ONU先主动将采集到的上行数据发送至OLT，OLT将各ONU发送的上行数据汇总后发送至控制器，进而，控制器再发送下行数据。通过这种方式，各ONU都可以在时间窗口1内完成上行数据的 采集并主动上报上行数据，相对于现有的串行传输方式，节省了不必要的等待时间，提高了工作效率。
405、OLT向ONU发送上行授权消息。
本实施例中，步骤405与上述图3所示实施例中的步骤303类似，具体此处不再赘述。
406、ONU采样终端的上行数据。
基于上述步骤404的描述可知，步骤406是在图5所示的时间窗口1内完成的。以终端是机械臂为例，该上行数据包括但不限于机械臂的位置和速度等。
407、ONU向OLT发送上行数据。
基于上述步骤404的描述可知，步骤407是在图5所示的时间窗口2内完成的。
408、OLT向控制器发送上行数据。
基于上述步骤404的描述可知，步骤408是在图5所示的时间窗口3内完成的。在一种可能的实现方式中，OLT可以将各ONU上报的上行数据直接转发至控制器。在另一种可能的实现方式中，OLT提取出各ONU上报的上行数据后将生成聚合数据帧，并将该聚合数据帧发送至控制器。图6为本申请实施例中聚合数据帧的一种结构示意图。如图6所示，该聚合数据帧的起始字段为以太网帧头，该聚合数据帧的末尾字段为帧校验序列(Frame Check Sequence，FCS)，该聚合数据帧的中间字段中依次包括各终端对应的下行数据和上行数据。OLT将各ONU发送的上行数据插入聚合数据帧中对应的上行数据字段，并将该聚合数据帧发送至控制器。
需要说明的是，OLT与控制器之间可以通过中断的方式完成时钟同步。具体地，OLT收集到所有ONU上传的上行数据后，先通知控制器可以接收上行数据了，之后再由控制器从OLT读取上行数据。
409、控制器向OLT发送下行数据。
基于上述步骤404的描述可知，步骤409是在图5所示的时间窗口3内完成的。控制器根据收到的上行数据计算出各终端对应的下行数据，再根据下行数据生成聚合数据帧，并将该聚合数据帧发送至OLT。具体地，该聚合数据帧与图6所示的结构保持一致，控制器将需要发送的下行数据插入聚合数据帧中对应的各下行数据字段，并将该聚合数据帧发送至OLT。
410、OLT向ONU发送下行数据。
基于上述步骤404的描述可知，步骤410是在图5所示的时间窗口4内完成的。应理解，OLT可以先将控制器发送的下行数据的帧格式转换为PON标准规定的帧格式，再以PON标准规定的帧格式将下行数据发送至各ONU。其中，OLT是通过广播的方式发送下行数据帧，各ONU收到下行数据帧后提取各自需要的下行数据即可。
需要说明的是，在实际应用中，OLT可能会收到不同控制器下发的下行数据。例如，OLT可以收到来自PLC的下行数据，也可能会收到来自安全监控控制器或生产管理控制器等其他控制器的下行数据。为了保证PLC所控制的终端可以优先收到数据，OLT可以根据各控制器下发的下行数据的优先级按顺序向ONU发送。应理解，如果由于低优先级的数据量过大而导致一个循环周期内无法传输完毕，还可以对该低优先级的数据进行分片，在下一个循环周期内在继续传输。
图7为OLT传输下行数据的一种时序示意图。如图7所示的PLC报文的优先级高于普通下行报文，为了保证每个循环周期的下行时间窗口内优先发送PLC报文，首先在第一个循环周期的下行时间窗口内发送PLC报文0，待PLC报文0传输完毕后再发送下行报文0，不过由于第一个循环周期无法将全部的下行报文0传输完，需要对下行报文0进行分片。先在第一个循环周期内将下行报文0分片后的第一部分传输完，之后在第二个循环周期不用传输PLC报文1的时间段内再将下行报文0分片后的第二部分传输完。应理解，低优先级的普通报文并不严格要求在循环周期的下行时间窗口内传输，循环周期内只要是没有高优先级报文传输的时间段均可以传输低优先级报文。
411、ONU向终端发送下行数据。
基于上述步骤404的描述可知，步骤411是在图5所示的时间窗口5内完成的。各终端收到下行数据后可以同步执行各自相关的操作。
本申请实施例中，OLT根据各ONU对应的终端的上行传输参数确定循环周期，OLT和各ONU之间的数据传输是在循环周期内重复进行的。各ONU根据OLT发送的上行授权消息即可知道自身在每个循环周期内的上行传输时隙，OLT也就不用每次都通过向ONU发送BWmap来通知其上行传输时隙，节省了每次发送BWmap的开销。另外，OLT通过广播的方式向各ONU发送下行数据，如果将本申请所提供的PON系统应用于工业总线中，以并行传输的方式代替原有的串行传输，降低了传输时延。并且，ONU可以主动向OLT发送上行数据，不用严格按照先下行后上行的主从模式，只要OLT和ONU之间的上行传输和下行传输在同一个循环周期内进行即可，提高了系统的整体工作效率。
上面对本申请实施例中的数据传输方法进行了描述，下面对本申请实施例中的OLT和ONU进行描述。
图8为一种可能的OLT的结构示意图。该OLT包括处理器801、存储器802以及收发器803。该处理器801、存储器802以及收发器803通过线路互相连接，其中，存储器802用于存储程序指令和数据。收发器803包含发射机和接收机。需要说明的是，该OLT可以是实现上述图3或图4所示实施例中数据传输方法的OLT。
在一种可能的实现方式中，存储器802存储了支持图3或图4所示实施例中步骤的程序指令和数据，处理器801和收发器803用于执行图3或图4所示实施例中的方法步骤。具体地，收发器803用于执行数据收发的操作，处理器801用于执行除数据收发之外的其他操作。
图9为一种可能的ONU的结构示意图。该ONU包括处理器901、存储器902以及收发器903。该处理器901、存储器902以及收发器903通过线路互相连接，其中，存储器902用于存储程序指令和数据。收发器903包含发射机和接收机。需要说明的是，该ONU可以是实现上述图3或图4所示实施例中数据传输方法的ONU。
在一种可能的实现方式中，存储器902存储了支持图3或图4所示实施例中步骤的程序指令和数据，处理器901和收发器903用于执行图3或图4所示实施例中的方法步骤。具体地，收发器903用于执行数据收发的操作，处理器901用于执行除数据收发之外的其他操作。
需要说明的是，上述图8和图9中所示的处理器可以采用通用的中央处理器(Central Processing Unit，CPU)，微处理器，应用专用集成电路ASIC，或者至少一个集成电路，用于执行相关程序，以实现本申请实施例所提供的技术方案。上述图8和图9中所示的存储器可以存储操作系统和其他应用程序。在通过软件或者固件来实现本申请实施例提供的技术方案时，用于实现本申请实施例提供的技术方案的程序代码保存在存储器中，并由处理器来执行。在一实施例中，处理器内部可以包括存储器。在另一实施例中，处理器和存储器是两个独立的结构。
图10为本申请提供的一种无源光网络的结构示意图。无源光网络包括OLT(1001)和ONU(1002)。OLT(1001)用于执行上述图3或图4所示实施例中由OLT执行的任意一种方法的部分或全部步骤。ONU(1002)用于执行上述图3或图4所示实施例中由ONU执行的任意一种方法的部分或全部步骤。
图11为本申请提供的一种数据传输系统的结构示意图。数据传输系统包括控制器1101、OLT(1102)、ONU(1103)和终端1104。控制器1101用于执行上述图4所示实施例中由控制器执行的任意一种方法的部分或全部步骤。OLT(1102)用于执行上述图4所示实施例中由OLT执行的任意一种方法的部分或全部步骤。ONU(1103)用于执行上述图4所示实施例中由ONU执行的任意一种方法的部分或全部步骤。终端1104用于执行上述图4所示实施例中由终端执行的任意一种方法的部分或全部步骤。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统，装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过硬件来完成，也可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件完成，所述的程序可以存储于一种计算机可读存储介质中，上述提到的存储介质可以是只读存储器，随机接入存储器等。具体地，例如：上述处理单元或处理器可以是中央处理器，通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、晶体管逻辑器件、硬件部件或者其任意组合。上述的这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
当使用软件实现时，上述实施例描述的方法步骤可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘Solid State Disk(SSD))等。
最后应说明的是：以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种数据传输方法，其特征在于，包括：
    光线路终端OLT获取与第一光网络单元ONU对应的第一终端的第一上行传输参数，所述第一上行传输参数包括所述第一终端每次发送的数据量和所述第一终端发送数据的周期；
    所述OLT根据所述第一上行传输参数确定与所述第一ONU进行数据传输的循环周期，其中，每个所述循环周期包括上行时间窗口和下行时间窗口，所述上行时间窗口包括所述第一ONU用于发送上行数据的第一上行传输时隙，所述下行时间窗口用于所述OLT发送下行数据；
    所述OLT向所述第一ONU发送上行授权消息，所述上行授权消息用于指示所述第一ONU在每个所述循环周期内的所述第一上行传输时隙；
    所述OLT在同一循环周期内的第一上行传输时隙接收所述第一ONU发送的第一上行数据，并在所述同一循环周期内的下行时间窗口向所述第一ONU发送第一下行数据。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述OLT获取与第二ONU对应的第二终端的第二上行传输参数，所述第二上行传输参数包括所述第二终端每次发送的数据量和所述第二终端发送数据的周期；
    所述OLT根据所述第一上行传输参数确定与所述第一ONU进行数据传输的循环周期包括：
    所述OLT根据所述第一上行传输参数和所述第二上行传输参数确定与所述第一ONU和所述第二ONU进行数据传输的循环周期，其中，所述上行时间窗口还包括所述第二ONU用于发送上行数据的第二上行传输时隙；
    所述方法还包括：
    所述OLT向所述第二ONU发送上行授权消息，所述上行授权消息还用于指示所述第二ONU在每个所述循环周期内的所述第二上行传输时隙；
    所述OLT在同一循环周期内的第二上行传输时隙接收所述第二ONU发送的第二上行数据，并在所述同一循环周期内的下行时间窗口向所述第二ONU发送第二下行数据。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，每个所述循环周期内的所述上行时间窗口在所述下行时间窗口之前。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的方法，其特征在于，每个所述循环周期还包括第一时间窗口，每个所述循环周期内的所述第一时间窗口位于所述上行时间窗口和所述下行时间窗口之间，所述方法还包括：
    所述OLT在所述同一循环周期内的第一时间窗口向第一控制器发送所述第一上行数据和所述第二上行数据，并接收所述第一控制器发送的所述第一下行数据和所述第二下行数据，所述第一控制器用于对所述第一终端和所述第二终端进行控制，所述第一上行数据来自所述第一终端，所述第二上行数据来自所述第二终端。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述OLT在所述同一循环周期内的第一时间窗口向第一控制器发送所述第一上行数据和所述第二上行数据包括：
    所述OLT生成上行聚合数据帧，所述聚合数据帧包括所述第一上行数据和所述第二上行数据；
    所述OLT在所述同一循环周期内的第一时间窗口向第一控制器发送所述聚合数据帧。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述OLT在所述同一循环周期内的第一时间窗口接收所述第一控制器发送的所述第一下行数据和所述第二下行数据包括：
    所述OLT在所述同一循环周期内的第一时间窗口接收所述第一控制器发送的下行聚合数据帧，所述下行聚合数据帧包括所述第一下行数据和所述第二下行数据。
  7. 根据权利要求4至6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述OLT在所述同一循环周期内接收第二控制器发送的第三下行数据，所述第一下行数据和所述第二下行数据的优先级高于所述第三下行数据的优先级；
    所述OLT在同一循环周期内的下行时间窗口向所述第一ONU发送所述第一下行数据，并向所述第二ONU发送所述第二下行数据之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述OLT在所述同一循环周期内向第三ONU发送所述第三下行数据。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，每个所述循环周期还包括第二时间窗口和第三时间窗口，所述第二时间窗口用于所述第一终端获取所述第一上行数据，所述第三时间窗口用于所述第一ONU向所述第一终端发送所述第一下行数据，其中，每个所述循环周期内的所述第二时间窗口在所述第三时间窗口之前。
  9. 根据权利要求4至8中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，OLT获取与第一ONU对应的第一终端的第一上行传输参数包括：
    所述OLT通过所述第一ONU接收所述第一终端发送的所述第一上行传输参数；
    或者，
    所述OLT接收所述第一控制器发送的所述第一上行传输参数。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述上行授权消息为物理层操作管理和维护PLOAM消息或光网络终端管理控制接口OMCI消息，所述第一控制器为可编程逻辑控制器PLC。
  11. 一种数据传输方法，其特征在于，包括：
    光网络单元ONU接收光线路终端OLT发送的上行授权消息；
    所述ONU根据所述上行授权消息确定与所述OLT进行数据传输的循环周期和在每个所述循环周期内的上行传输时隙，其中，每个所述循环周期包括上行时间窗口和下行时间窗口，所述上行时间窗口包括所述ONU用于发送上行数据的上行传输时隙，所述下行时间窗口用于所述OLT发送下行数据；
    所述ONU在同一循环周期内的上行传输时隙向所述OLT发送上行数据，并在所述同一循环周期内的下行时间窗口接收所述OLT发送的下行数据。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，每个所述循环周期内的所述上行时间窗口在所述下行时间窗口之前。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述ONU在同一循环周期内的上行传输时隙向所述OLT发送上行数据之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述ONU在所述同一循环周期内接收终端发送的所述上行数据。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述下行数据由控制器发送至所述OLT，所述控制器用于对所述终端进行控制，所述ONU在同一循环周期内的下行时间窗口接收所述OLT发送的下行数据之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述ONU在所述同一循环周期内将所述下行数据发送至所述终端。
  15. 根据权利要求11至14中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述ONU接收所述OLT发送的上行授权消息之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述ONU接收终端发送的上行传输参数，并将所述上行传输参数发送至所述OLT，所述循环周期由所述OLT根据所述上行传输参数确定，所述上行传输参数包括所述终端每次发送的数据量和所述终端发送数据的周期。
  16. 一种光线路终端OLT，其特征在于，包括：
    处理器、存储器以及光收发器，所述处理器、所述存储器以及所述光收发器通过线路互相连接，所述处理器调用所述存储器中的程序代码用于执行如权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法。
  17. 一种光网络单元ONU，其特征在于，包括：
    处理器、存储器以及光收发器，所述处理器、所述存储器以及所述光收发器通过线路互相连接，所述处理器调用所述存储器中的程序代码用于执行如权利要求11至15中任一项所述的方法。
  18. 一种无源光网络，其特征在于，所述无源光网络包括：如权利要求16所述的OLT和如权利要求17所述的ONU。
  19. 一种数据传输系统，其特征在于，包括：控制器、光线路终端OLT、光网络单元ONU和终端；
    所述OLT用于：获取与所述ONU对应的所述终端的上行传输参数，根据所述上行传输参数确定与所述ONU进行数据传输的循环周期，并向所述ONU发送上行授权消息，其中，每个所述循环周期包括上行时间窗口和下行时间窗口，所述上行时间窗口包括所述ONU用于发送上行数据的上行传输时隙，所述下行时间窗口用于所述OLT发送下行数据，所述上行授权消息用于指示所述ONU在每个所述循环周期内的上行传输时隙；
    所述ONU用于：在同一循环周期内接收所述终端发送的上行数据，并将所述上行数据发送至所述OLT；
    所述OLT还用于：在所述同一循环周期内接收所述控制器发送的下行数据，并将所述下行数据发送至所述ONU；
    所述ONU还用于：在所述同一循环周期内将所述下行数据发送至所述终端。
  20. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括计算机指令，当所述计算机指令在计算机设备上运行时，使得所述计算机设备执行如权利要求1至15中任一项所述的方法。
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