WO2022105082A1 - 一种复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副 - Google Patents

一种复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022105082A1
WO2022105082A1 PCT/CN2021/084332 CN2021084332W WO2022105082A1 WO 2022105082 A1 WO2022105082 A1 WO 2022105082A1 CN 2021084332 W CN2021084332 W CN 2021084332W WO 2022105082 A1 WO2022105082 A1 WO 2022105082A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
chamfered
arc
screw
unit
nut
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/084332
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李政冀
陈金敢
Original Assignee
浙江自紧王机械有限公司
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Publication of WO2022105082A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022105082A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
    • F16B39/22—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
    • F16B39/24—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by means of washers, spring washers, or resilient plates that lock against the object
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B33/00—Features common to bolt and nut
    • F16B33/008—Corrosion preventing means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
    • F16B39/22—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
    • F16B39/28—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by special members on, or shape of, the nut or bolt
    • F16B39/282—Locking by means of special shape of work-engaging surfaces, e.g. notched or toothed nuts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/60—Planning or developing urban green infrastructure

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of connecting parts, and relates to a fastener, in particular to a connecting pair of a composite inclined plane or inclined groove type structure.
  • Bolts and nuts are important fasteners and connectors with a large amount and a wide range. For a long time, bolts and nuts will often loosen and fall off under severe vibration, high-speed operation, strong impact force, etc., or in some high-temperature environments, when bolts or nuts creep.
  • Fasteners such as bolts and nuts bring convenience to the mechanical industry and civil engineering, but the weak points that are easy to loosen can cause damage to components or a complete piece of equipment, disintegration, and even lead to accidents; at the same time, in some public facilities , such as highway guardrails, rails, steel structural parts, etc., need frequent maintenance, work intensity is high, and it is easy to cause potential safety hazards.
  • the anti-loosening structure of fasteners at home and abroad mainly adopts three methods: friction anti-loosening, mechanical anti-loosening and permanent anti-loosening.
  • friction anti-loosening There are two common methods for friction anti-loosening: one is to use spring washers, and the rebound of spring washers is used.
  • the second is to use the top nut, and use the nut against the top to make the bolt type receive additional tension and additional friction to achieve the effect of locking.
  • the friction anti-loosening structure is subjected to alternating loads and impact loads for a long time, the bolts are elongated and deformed, and the threads will fatigue and collapse.
  • the contact surface is oxidized and peeled off and the pre-tightening force is lost, resulting in a larger tightening gap and looseness; the spring washer, back tightening nut, circlip, stopper, etc.
  • the present invention provides a self-tightening fastener.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to provide a self-tightening fastener with a simple structure and can effectively prevent loosening under vibration or creep environment. Compound inclined plane or inclined groove type structure connecting pair.
  • a composite inclined plane or inclined groove type structure connecting pair comprising a nut, a washer or a bolt, and a gasket
  • the bolt includes a hexagonal cap body and a screw rod
  • the hexagonal surface or the hexagonal cap body at one end of the nut is provided with a screw rod.
  • the hexagonal surface is divided into six unit surfaces by its diagonal, and it is characterized in that, at least one of the six unit surfaces is provided with an inclined chamfered surface or a spiral surface; or at least one unit surface of the six unit surfaces
  • An arc-shaped groove is arranged on the upper surface, and the bottom surface of the arc-shaped groove is a chamfered bottom surface or a screw-up bottom surface;
  • One side of the gasket has a helical surface that matches the chamfered surface or the spiral surface; or one side of the gasket has an arc-shaped protrusion corresponding to the number of positions of the arc-shaped grooves, so
  • the upper surface of the arc-shaped protrusion is a spiral top surface that matches with the chamfered bottom surface or the spiral bottom surface of the bottom surface of the arc-shaped groove.
  • the at least one unit surface is a chamfered surface or a spiral surface, and the chamfered surface or spiral surface extends from a unit surface adjacent to it to an adjacent unit surface.
  • Another adjacent unit surface, and the abutment surface along the nut axial direction is formed at the lower end of the chamfered surface or the screw-up surface; or the two ends of the arc-shaped groove are located on two adjacent unit surfaces respectively. junction.
  • one of the six unit surfaces is provided with a chamfered surface or a spiral surface, and the remaining five unit surfaces are all flat surfaces, and the chamfered surface is Or the inclination angle of the screw-up surface is 3 times the screw-up angle of the internal thread of the nut;
  • two of the six unit surfaces are provided with chamfered surfaces or spiral surfaces, the remaining four unit surfaces are all flat surfaces, and two of the chamfered surfaces or spiral surfaces are arranged at intervals, The inclination angle of the chamfered surface or the screw-up surface is 2.5 times the screw-up angle of the internal thread of the nut;
  • three of the six unit surfaces are provided with chamfered surfaces or spiral surfaces, the remaining three unit surfaces are all flat surfaces, and the three said chamfered surfaces or spiral surfaces are arranged at intervals,
  • the inclination angle of the chamfered surface or the screw-up surface is twice the screw-up angle of the internal thread of the nut.
  • one of the six unit surfaces is provided with a chamfered surface or a spiral surface, and the remaining five unit surfaces are all flat surfaces;
  • two of the six unit surfaces are provided with chamfered surfaces or spiral surfaces, the remaining four unit surfaces are all flat surfaces, and two of the chamfered surfaces or spiral surfaces are arranged at intervals;
  • three of the six unit surfaces are provided with chamfered surfaces or spiral surfaces, the remaining three unit surfaces are flat surfaces, and three of the chamfered surfaces or spiral surfaces are arranged at intervals;
  • the chamfered surface or the screw-up surface is arranged on the hexagonal surface near the outer edge or the inner edge, and the angle of the chamfered surface or the screw-up surface is larger than the thread angle corresponding to the pitch of the nut.
  • one of the six unit surfaces is provided with an arc-shaped groove, and the bottom surface of the arc-shaped groove is a chamfered bottom surface or a spiral bottom surface.
  • the inclination angle of the bottom surface of the chamfer or the bottom surface of the screw-up is 3 times the screw-up angle of the internal thread of the nut;
  • two of the six unit surfaces are provided with an arc-shaped groove, the bottom surface of the arc-shaped groove is a chamfered bottom surface or a screw-up bottom surface, and the inclination angle of the chamfered bottom surface or the screw-up bottom surface It is 2.5 times the lead angle of the internal thread of the nut;
  • three of the six unit surfaces are provided with arc-shaped grooves, the three arc-shaped grooves are arranged at intervals, and the bottom surface of the arc-shaped groove is a chamfered bottom surface or a screw-up bottom surface.
  • the inclination angle of the chamfered bottom surface or the screw-up bottom surface is twice the screw-up angle of the internal thread of the nut.
  • the chamfered surface or the chamfered surface is located at the outer edge or the middle position of the unit surface, and one of the chamfered surface or the chamfered surface is provided;
  • the unit surface is divided into two subunit surfaces, the chamfered surface or the spiral-up surface is located on the subunit surface, and the chamfered surface or the spiral-up surface is located on the subunit surface. Near the outer or inner edge of the hexagonal face.
  • the chamfered surface or the spiral-up surface is provided with one; or the chamfered surface or the spiral-up surface is provided with three or four or six, three or four One or six chamfered surfaces or screw-up surfaces are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction and arranged at intervals; the angle of the chamfered surfaces or screw-up surfaces is greater than the thread angle corresponding to the nut pitch.
  • the chamfered surface or the spiral-up surface is a Reurox triangle surface, and the Reurox triangle surface is provided with one, or a Reurox triangle surface.
  • the chamfered surface or the spiral-up surface is a Reurox triangle surface, and the Reurox triangle surface is provided with one, or a Reurox triangle surface.
  • There are two face settings two Ruroux triangles are set symmetrically; or three Ruroux triangles are set, three Ruroux triangles are set at intervals; or six Ruroux triangles are set , six Ruroux triangular surfaces are distributed on each unit surface, and the inclination angle of the Reurox triangular surface is greater than the thread angle corresponding to the nut pitch.
  • the arc groove is provided with one; or two, the two arc grooves are symmetrically arranged; or three, the three arc grooves are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction and arranged at intervals; or four, two of the four arc-shaped grooves are located on two adjacent unit surfaces, and the four arc-shaped grooves are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction and arranged at intervals.
  • the end of the nut provided with the chamfered surface or the spiral surface or the arc groove is extended with a sleeve axially outward, and the gasket is sleeved Outside the sleeve, the gasket and the nut are fixedly connected by riveting;
  • a pressure riveting part is provided on one end of the screw rod close to the hexagonal cap body, the gasket is sleeved on the pressure riveting part, and the hexagonal cap body and the gasket are fixedly connected by means of pressure riveting.
  • the gasket is provided with a flange.
  • the outer surface of the nut or the hexagonal cap is provided with an inorganic high temperature adhesive anti-heavy anti-corrosion coating.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the composite inclined plane or inclined groove type structure connecting pair in the present invention locks the bolts affected by vibration and dynamic load through self-tightening force locking instead of thread friction.
  • the present invention provides higher operational reliability and lower maintenance costs, while significantly reducing the risk of production downtime, accidents and warranty claims due to loose fasteners.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram 1 of an explosion in which one chamfered surface is provided in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram 2 of an explosion in which one chamfered surface is provided in the first embodiment.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic diagram of the nut of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram 1 of an explosion in which two chamfered surfaces are arranged in the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram 2 of an explosion in which two chamfered surfaces are arranged in the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the nut of the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is an exploded schematic diagram 1 in which three chamfered surfaces are arranged in Embodiment 3.
  • FIG. 7 is an exploded schematic diagram 1 in which three chamfered surfaces are arranged in Embodiment 3.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram 2 of an explosion in which three chamfered surfaces are arranged in the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the nut of the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram 1 of an explosion in which one (six equal) arc-shaped grooves are arranged in the fourth embodiment.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram 2 of an explosion in which one (six equal) arc-shaped grooves are arranged in the fourth embodiment.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram 1 of an explosion in which one (twelve equal) arc-shaped groove is arranged in the fifth embodiment.
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram 2 of an explosion in which one (twelve equal) arc-shaped groove is arranged in the fifth embodiment.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram 1 of an explosion in which two (six equal) arc-shaped grooves are arranged in the sixth embodiment.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram 2 of an explosion in which two (six equal) arc-shaped grooves are arranged in the sixth embodiment.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram 1 of an explosion in which three (six equal) arc grooves are arranged in the seventh embodiment.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram 2 of an explosion in which three (six equal) arc-shaped grooves are arranged in the seventh embodiment.
  • Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram 1 of an explosion in which four (six equal) arc grooves are arranged in the eighth embodiment.
  • Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram 2 of an explosion in which four (six equal) arc-shaped grooves are arranged in the eighth embodiment.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram 1 of an explosion in which three (twelve equal) arc-shaped grooves are arranged in the ninth embodiment.
  • Fig. 21 is a schematic diagram 2 of an explosion in which three (twelve equal) arc grooves are arranged in the ninth embodiment.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram 1 of an explosion in which four (twelve equal) arc-shaped grooves are arranged in the ninth embodiment.
  • Fig. 23 is a schematic diagram 2 of an explosion in which four (twelve equal) arc-shaped grooves are arranged in the ninth embodiment.
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram 1 of an explosion in which six (twelve equal) arc-shaped grooves are arranged in the ninth embodiment.
  • Fig. 25 is a schematic diagram 2 of an explosion in which six (twelve equal) arc grooves are arranged in the ninth embodiment.
  • Fig. 26 is an exploded schematic diagram 1 (twelve equal parts) in which a chamfered surface is arranged on the outer edge of the hexagonal surface in the tenth embodiment.
  • Fig. 27 is an exploded schematic diagram 2 (twelve equal parts) in which a chamfered surface is arranged on the outer edge of the hexagonal surface in the tenth embodiment.
  • Fig. 28 is an exploded schematic diagram 1 (twelve equal parts) in which three chamfered surfaces are arranged on the outer edge of the hexagonal surface in the tenth embodiment.
  • Fig. 29 is an exploded schematic diagram II (twelve equal parts) in which three chamfered surfaces are arranged on the outer edge of the hexagonal surface in the tenth embodiment.
  • Fig. 30 is an exploded schematic diagram 1 (twelve equal parts) in which the four chamfered surfaces are arranged on the outer edge of the hexagonal surface in the tenth embodiment.
  • Fig. 31 is an exploded schematic diagram 2 (twelve equal parts) of the four chamfered surfaces arranged on the outer edge of the hexagonal surface in the tenth embodiment.
  • Fig. 32 is an exploded schematic diagram 1 (twelve equal parts) in which six chamfered surfaces are arranged on the outer edge of the hexagonal surface in the tenth embodiment.
  • Fig. 33 is a schematic diagram 2 (twelve equal parts) of an explosion in which six chamfered surfaces are arranged on the outer edge of the hexagonal surface in the tenth embodiment.
  • FIG. 34 is a schematic diagram 1 of an explosion in which one Rurox triangular surface is set in the eleventh embodiment.
  • Fig. 35 is a schematic diagram 2 of an explosion in which one Rurox triangular surface is set in the eleventh embodiment.
  • FIG. 36 is a schematic diagram 1 of an explosion in which two Ruroux triangular surfaces are arranged in the eleventh embodiment.
  • FIG. 37 is a schematic diagram 2 of an explosion in which two Rurox triangular surfaces are arranged in the eleventh embodiment.
  • FIG. 38 is a schematic diagram 1 of an explosion in which three Rurox triangular surfaces are set in the eleventh embodiment.
  • FIG. 39 is a schematic diagram 2 of an explosion in which three Rurox triangular surfaces are set in the eleventh embodiment.
  • FIG. 40 is a schematic diagram 1 of an explosion in which six Rurox triangular surfaces are arranged in the eleventh embodiment.
  • FIG. 41 is a schematic diagram 2 of an explosion in which six Lurox triangular surfaces are arranged in the eleventh embodiment.
  • Fig. 42 is an exploded schematic view 1 in which a chamfered surface is arranged on the outer edge of the hexagonal surface in the twelfth embodiment.
  • Fig. 43 is a schematic diagram 2 of an exploded view in which a chamfered surface is arranged on the outer edge of the hexagonal surface in the twelfth embodiment.
  • FIG. 44 is an exploded schematic diagram 1 of the two chamfered surfaces arranged on the outer edge of the hexagonal surface in the twelfth embodiment.
  • FIG. 45 is a schematic diagram 2 of an exploded view in which the two chamfered surfaces are arranged on the outer edge of the hexagonal surface in the twelfth embodiment.
  • Fig. 46 is an exploded schematic diagram 1 in which three chamfered surfaces are arranged on the outer edge of the hexagonal surface in the twelfth embodiment.
  • Fig. 47 is a schematic diagram 2 of an exploded view in which the three chamfered surfaces are arranged on the outer edge of the hexagonal surface in the twelfth embodiment.
  • Fig. 48 is an exploded schematic diagram 1 in which four chamfered surfaces are arranged on the outer edge of the hexagonal surface in the twelfth embodiment.
  • Fig. 49 is an exploded schematic diagram 2 of the four chamfered surfaces arranged on the outer edge of the hexagonal surface in the twelfth embodiment.
  • Fig. 50 is an exploded schematic diagram 1 of the nut and the washer according to the thirteenth embodiment.
  • Fig. 51 is a second exploded schematic diagram of the nut and washer of the thirteenth embodiment.
  • FIG. 52 is a schematic diagram of the nut and the washer after riveting according to the thirteenth embodiment.
  • FIG. 53 is a top view of the nut and the washer after riveting according to the thirteenth embodiment.
  • Fig. 54 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Fig. 53 .
  • Figure 55 is a schematic diagram 1 of the explosion of the bolt and the gasket in the fourteenth embodiment.
  • Fig. 56 is the exploded schematic diagram II of the bolt and the gasket in the fourteenth embodiment.
  • Figure 57 is a schematic diagram 1 of the explosion before the bolts and gaskets are riveted in the fifteenth embodiment.
  • FIG. 58 is a schematic diagram 2 of the explosion before the bolts and gaskets are riveted in the fifteenth embodiment.
  • Fig. 59 is a perspective view of the bolts and gaskets after riveting in the fifteenth embodiment.
  • Fig. 60 is a top view of the bolts and washers after riveting in the fifteenth embodiment.
  • Fig. 61 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Fig. 60 .
  • Figure 62 is the force diagram when the threaded connection is loosened.
  • Figure 63 is the force diagram when the threaded connection is loosened.
  • the self-tightening nut assembly in this embodiment includes a nut 1 and a washer 2; one end of the hexagonal surface of the nut 1 is divided into six unit surfaces 3 by its diagonal, and six At least one of the unit surfaces 3 is an inclined chamfered surface 4 or a swivel surface of the unit surface 3, and the rest of the unit surfaces 3 are flat surfaces, and the chamfered surface 4 or the swivel surface is inclined and extended from an adjacent unit surface 3.
  • the end of the chamfered surface 4 or the spiral surface that is flush with the plane is defined as the high end, and the opposite end is the low end.
  • the abutment surface 5 along the axial direction of the nut 1 is formed at the lower end of the surface; the inner wall of the nut 1 has an internal thread 1a, and the inclination angle of the chamfered surface 4 or the screw-up surface is 2 times or 2.5 of the screw-up angle of the internal thread 1a times or 3 times; the contact surface of the washer 2 and the object to be locked is an inverted tooth surface, a frosted surface or a diamond-plated surface; the side of the washer 2 in contact with the nut 1 has a chamfered surface 4 or a screw-up surface that is suitable for matching Spiral surface 2a; common bolt 3 can pass through washer 2 and be screwed with nut 1.
  • the washer 2 and the nut 1 cooperate with each other to ensure that the components can move relative to each other.
  • the helix angle of the helical surface 2a of the washer 2 is equal to and corresponding to the inclination angle of the chamfered surface 4 or the spiral surface.
  • a self-tightening structure is provided to achieve a self-tightening effect after locking, so that the body of the nut 1 no longer shifts or loosens, which can be widely used in mechanical design, processing and manufacturing, and It has good application value in railway, bridge and construction industries.
  • the fasteners matched with the bolts and nuts from loosening in harsh environments such as strong vibration, high-speed operation, and strong impact force, and ensure that the nuts are always in the tightening state of the design torque for a long period of time.
  • one of the six unit surfaces 3 is a chamfered surface 4 or a spiral surface, and the remaining five unit surfaces 3 are planes, and the inclination angle of the chamfered surface 4 or the spiral surface is the inner surface. 3 times the lead angle of the thread 1a.
  • Providing a chamfered surface 4 or a twist-up surface can reduce the sliding friction force when the fastener is assembled, and reduce the reference torque, so that it is easy to tighten, not easy to loosen, and has a good self-tightening effect.
  • the chamfered surface 4 or the screw-up surface can also be arranged on the outer edge or the inner edge of the hexagonal surface 3, and the angle of the chamfered surface 4 or the screw-up surface is larger than the thread angle corresponding to the nut pitch.
  • the shaded part in Figure 2 is the contact position of the chamfered surface 4 or the screw-up surface, and its contact friction coefficient is similar to the thread friction coefficient.
  • the shaded portion in Figure 3 is a plane.
  • the outer surface of the nut 1 in this embodiment is provided with an inorganic high-temperature adhesive anti-heavy anti-corrosion coating, which can be used in a marine environment, a high-temperature environment, and the like.
  • Performance It can be designed with high temperature heat conditions of 300°C-1380°C, acid and alkali salt spray resistance, adhesion up to 30Mpa or more, hardness of Mohs 6 or above, and long-term stability.
  • Inorganic high-temperature adhesives are used as film-forming materials, functional powders are added as functional media, high-temperature inorganic pigments and a small amount of auxiliary materials are used to prepare them for spraying, brushing, roller coating, dip coating and screen printing processes. functional coating products. It can be applied to metal iron-based materials, and through the high-temperature welding mechanism, the functional requirements of high temperature resistance, scratch resistance, acid and alkali resistance, high hardness, high adhesion and high weather resistance of the coating are achieved.
  • the inorganic high-temperature adhesive forms a fusion layer on the surface of the metal iron substrate, and forms a high-density and stable inorganic glassy coating after cooling down.
  • the contact surface of the gasket 2 in this embodiment and the object to be locked can also be provided with a real abrasive coating, such as a frosted coating, an emery coating, and the like.
  • this embodiment is roughly the same as the first embodiment, except that two of the six unit surfaces 3 in this embodiment are chamfered surfaces 4 or swivel surfaces 3 .
  • the rising surface, the lower ends of the two chamfered surfaces 4 or the screw-up surfaces are formed with abutting surfaces 5 along the axial direction of the nut 1, and the remaining four unit surfaces 3 are flat surfaces, and the two chamfered surfaces 4 or the screw-up surfaces are facing According to the setting, the inclination angle of the chamfered surface 4 or the screw-up surface is 2.5 times of the screw-up angle of the internal thread 1a.
  • the gasket 2 is provided with two helical surfaces 2a that cooperate with the chamfered surface 4 or the yin-yang surface.
  • the distribution relationship of the chamfered surface 4 or the spiral surface in this embodiment must satisfy the principle of equal division of 360°.
  • the shaded part in Fig. 5 is the contact position of the chamfered surface 4 or the screw-up surface, and its contact friction coefficient is similar to the thread friction coefficient.
  • the shaded portion in Figure 6 is a plane.
  • this embodiment is substantially the same as Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, except that three of the six unit surfaces 3 in this embodiment are chamfered surfaces 4 or The other three unit surfaces 3 are flat surfaces, the three chamfered surfaces 4 or the spiral surfaces are evenly spaced, and the inclination angle of the chamfered surfaces 4 or the spiral surfaces is twice the spiral angle of the internal thread 1a.
  • the gasket 2 is provided with three helical surfaces 2a which cooperate with the chamfered surface 4 or the yin and yang of the spiral surface.
  • the self-tightening fastener in this embodiment includes a nut 1 and a washer 2;
  • the diagonal line is divided into six unit surfaces 3, and at least one unit surface 3 has an arc-shaped groove 6 arranged along its circumferential direction.
  • the low end and the high end of the corner bottom surface 7 or the spiral bottom surface are located at both ends of the arc-shaped groove 6;
  • the upper surface of the arc-shaped protrusion 8 is a spiral top surface 9 that matches the chamfered bottom surface 7 or the spiral bottom surface of the bottom surface of the arc-shaped groove 6 .
  • one arc-shaped groove 6 is provided.
  • the arc-shaped groove 6 extends from one end of the unit surface 4 to the other end of the unit surface 4 .
  • the inclination angle of the chamfered bottom surface 7 or the screw-up bottom surface is three times the screw-up angle of the inner thread 1a of the nut 1 .
  • the self-tightening fastener in this embodiment includes a nut 1 and a washer 2;
  • the line is divided into six unit faces 3, and each unit face 3 is divided into two subunit faces. That is to say, the hexagonal surface is equally divided into 12 parts along the circumferential direction of 360°.
  • At least one sub-unit surface is provided with an arc-shaped groove 6, and the arc-shaped groove 6 extends from one sub-unit surface adjacent to it to another adjacent sub-unit surface.
  • One side of the gasket 2 has arc-shaped protrusions 8 corresponding to the number of positions of the arc-shaped grooves 6 , and the upper surface of the arc-shaped protrusions 8 is a chamfered bottom surface 7 with the bottom surface of the arc-shaped groove 6 . Or screw up the bottom surface to match the spiral top surface 9 .
  • the arc-shaped protrusion 8 of the gasket in this embodiment and the arc-shaped groove 6 on the nut 1 are complementary to each other, and the axial deviation is 0.2-0.5 smaller than the contact hole of the nut 1 to ensure that the components can move relative to each other. .
  • the principle of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the fourth embodiment, and the difference is that: there are two arc-shaped grooves 6 in this embodiment, and the two arc-shaped grooves 6 are symmetrically arranged, so
  • the bottom surface of the arc-shaped groove 6 is a chamfered bottom surface or a screw-up bottom surface, and the inclination angle of the chamfered bottom surface or the screw-up bottom surface is 2.5 times the screw-up angle of the internal thread 1a of the nut 1 .
  • the gasket 2 is provided with two arc-shaped protrusions 8 .
  • the principle of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the fourth embodiment, the difference is that: the arc grooves 6 in this embodiment are provided with three, and the three arc grooves 6 are spaced apart and evenly distributed in the On the hexagonal surface, the bottom surface of the arc groove 6 is a chamfered bottom surface or a screw-up bottom surface, and the inclination angle of the chamfered bottom surface or the screw-up bottom surface is twice the screw-up angle of the internal thread 1a of the nut 1 .
  • the gasket 2 is provided with three arc-shaped protrusions 8 .
  • the principle of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the fourth embodiment, and the difference is that: there are four arc-shaped grooves 6 in this embodiment, and two of the four arc-shaped grooves 6 are provided.
  • the arc-shaped grooves 6 are located on two adjacent unit surfaces 4 , and the four arc-shaped grooves 6 are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction and arranged at intervals.
  • the gasket 2 is provided with four arc-shaped protrusions 8 .
  • the principle of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the fifth embodiment, and the difference is that the hexagonal surface of this embodiment is divided into twelve equal parts to form twelve subunit surfaces.
  • Arc-shaped grooves 6 are respectively provided on three sub-unit surfaces, four sub-unit surfaces and six sub-unit surfaces.
  • the three arc-shaped grooves 6 , the four arc-shaped grooves 6 and the six arc-shaped grooves 6 are spaced apart and evenly distributed in the circumferential direction.
  • Three or four or six arc-shaped protrusions 8 are arranged at corresponding positions on the gasket 2 .
  • the principles of this embodiment are basically the same as those of the first embodiment to the third embodiment.
  • the difference is that the hexagonal surface of the nut 1 in this embodiment is divided into twelve equal parts to form twelve subunit surfaces.
  • a chamfered surface 4 or a screw-up surface is set on one of the sub-unit surfaces, and a helical surface 2a is set on the gasket 2, as shown in Figure 26 and Figure 27, and three chamfered surfaces are set on three of the sub-unit surfaces. 4 or the spiral surface, the three chamfered surfaces 4 or spiral surfaces are spaced apart and evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and three spiral surfaces 2a are provided on the gasket 2, as shown in Figures 28 and 29, on four of the unit surfaces.
  • the four chamfered surfaces 4 or screw-up surfaces, the four chamfered surfaces 4 or screw-up surfaces are spaced apart and evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and four helical surfaces 2a are provided on the gasket 2 , as shown in FIGS.
  • Six chamfered surfaces 4 or screw-up surfaces are set on six of the unit surfaces, the six chamfered surfaces 4 or screw-up surfaces are spaced apart and evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and six helical surfaces 2a are set on the gasket 2, as shown in Figure 32 and Figure 33.
  • the chamfered surface 4 or the screw-up surface is located at the position of the outer edge or the inner edge of the hexagonal surface.
  • the principles of this embodiment are basically the same as those of the first embodiment to the third embodiment.
  • the difference is that the chamfered surface 4 or the screw-up surface on the nut 1 of this embodiment is a Rurox triangular surface.
  • the Ruroux triangular faces are distributed on one element face, two element faces, three element faces and six element faces, respectively. When they are distributed on two or three unit surfaces, they are circumferentially spaced and evenly distributed.
  • the Rurox triangular surface is easy to manufacture.
  • the distribution position of the Lurox triangle surface must be on the outer edge of the end face of Nut 1.
  • the helical surface 2a on the gasket 2 is also a Rurox triangular surface.
  • the principles of this embodiment are basically the same as those of the first embodiment to the third embodiment.
  • the difference is that when there are one to three chamfered surfaces 4 of the nut 1 in this embodiment, the chamfered surfaces 4 or screw-up surfaces of this embodiment are located at the outer edge of the hexagonal surface.
  • the chamfered surfaces 4 or screw-up surfaces of this embodiment are located at the outer edge of the hexagonal surface.
  • two of the chamfered surfaces 4 are located on two adjacent unit surfaces, and the four chamfered surfaces 4 or spiral-up surfaces are spaced apart and evenly distributed in the circumferential direction.
  • the chamfered surfaces 4 or the spiral surface is located at the outer edge of the hexagonal surface.
  • the self-tightening structure of the nut 1 and the washer 2 in this embodiment can adopt any structure from the first embodiment to the twelfth embodiment.
  • the end of the nut 1 that is provided with a chamfered surface 4 or a screw-up surface or an arc-shaped groove extends axially outward with a sleeve 10 , and the washer 2 is sleeved outside the sleeve 10 , the gasket 2 and the nut 1 are fixedly connected by riveting.
  • the nut 1 and the washer 2 are combined together, and the connection between the nut 1 and the washer 2 is realized by riveting to form an integrated structure.
  • the movable stroke L between the nut 1 and the washer 2 is greater than the single-stage lift.
  • the design of adding a flange 11 to the gasket 2 can also be added, and anti-theft measures can be added to meet different usage requirements under various working conditions.
  • the riveting die is designed with a fixed core through hole, and is equipped with a positioning thimble;
  • the verticality between the riveting die and the object in the riveting process should be within 0.15mm, and the concentricity should be within 0.2mm. To achieve a better assembly effect, the shape and position tolerance requirements can be appropriately increased;
  • the end face of the riveting angle of the nut must be 0.1mm higher than the bottom face of the gasket.
  • This embodiment is a self-tightening bolt assembly. It includes a bolt 12 and a washer 2.
  • the bolt 12 includes a hexagonal cap body 12a and a screw rod 12b.
  • the inner end face of the hexagonal cap body 12a is divided into six unit faces 3 by its diagonal line, and at least one unit face 3 in the six unit faces 3 is provided with an inclined chamfered surface 4 or a spiral surface; or six At least one of the unit surfaces 3 is provided with an arc-shaped groove, and the bottom surface of the arc-shaped groove is a chamfered bottom surface or a screw-up bottom surface;
  • the helical surface 2a that is adapted to the rising surface or one side of the washer 2 has an arc-shaped protrusion corresponding to the number and position of the arc-shaped grooves, and the upper surface of the arc-shaped protrusion is the same as the chamfered bottom surface or the spiral-shaped protrusion.
  • the bottom surface matches the adapted spiral top surface.
  • the outer surface of the hexagonal cap body 12a described in this embodiment is provided with an inorganic high-temperature adhesive anti-heavy anti-corrosion coating, which can be used in a marine environment, a high-temperature environment, and the like.
  • three chamfered surfaces 4 or swivel surfaces are provided on the hexagonal cap body 12a, and the chamfered surfaces 4 or swivel surfaces are Rurox triangular surfaces, which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction and arranged at intervals.
  • a riveting portion 12c is provided on the end of the screw 12b close to the hexagonal cap body 12a in this embodiment, and the gasket 2 is sleeved on the riveting portion 12c, and the hexagonal cap body 12a and the gasket 2 are fixedly connected by riveting.
  • the hexagonal cap body 12a and the gasket 2 are combined together, and the connection between the bolt 12 and the gasket 2 is realized by means of riveting to form an integrated structure.
  • the movement between the hexagonal cap body 12a and the gasket 2 in this embodiment is larger than the single-stage lift.
  • the design of adding a flange 11 to the gasket 2 can also be added, and anti-theft measures can be added to meet different usage requirements under various working conditions.
  • ⁇ h is the thread friction factor
  • T b u br b F
  • u b the friction factor of the bearing surface
  • d w the outer diameter of the bearing surface in contact, mm
  • d n the inner diameter of the bearing surface in contact, mm.
  • Thread torque when the nut is loosened
  • Tightening torque When the gasket and nut of the compound inclined plane or inclined groove structure connection pair are tightened, due to the existence of a frictional moment, a horizontal resistance F f will be generated to prevent the rotation of the nut, and the direction is opposite to F t in Figure 1 , and the screw-type washer nut also increases a pre-lift angle ⁇ , therefore, there is the following equation:
  • M is the static friction coefficient between the gasket and the fastened object
  • K is the static friction coefficient between the gasket and the nut or bolt.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Bolts, Nuts, And Washers (AREA)

Abstract

一种复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副，属于紧固件技术领域，包括螺母（1）、垫片（2）或螺栓（12）、垫片（2），所述螺栓（12）包括六角帽体（12a）及螺杆（12b），螺母（1）一端的六角面或六角帽体（12a）上设置有螺杆（12b）的六角面被其对角线均分成六个单元面（3），六个单元面（3）中至少一个单元面（3）上设置有倾斜的倒角面（4）或旋升面；或六个单元面（3）中至少一个单元面上设置有弧形凹槽（6），所述弧形凹槽（6）的底面为倒角底面（7）或旋升底面；所述垫片（2）的一侧面具有与所述倒角面（4）或旋升面相匹配适应的螺旋面（2a）；或所述垫片（2）的一侧面具有与弧形凹槽（6）位置数量一一对应的弧形凸起（8），所述弧形凸起（8）的上表面为与弧形凹槽（6）底面的倒角底面（7）或旋升底面相匹配适应的螺旋顶面（9）。复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副结构简单，在振动或蠕变环境下都能有效防松。

Description

一种复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副 技术领域
本发明属于连接部件技术领域，涉及一种紧固件，特别是复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副。
背景技术
在机械工程和土木工程中，各种机器部件、结构件在连接装配中离不开紧固件。螺栓和螺母是重要的紧固件和连接件，其用量大，范围广。长期以来，螺栓和螺母在强烈震动、高速运转、强大冲击力等恶劣情况下，或在一些高温环境下，螺栓或螺母出现蠕变现象，都会出现经常松动和脱落的现象。螺栓和螺母等紧固件给机械工业和土木工程带来了方便，但是容易松脱的弱点会致使部件或一台完整的设备损坏、解体，甚致酿成事故；同时，在一些公共设施上，如高速公路的护栏、铁轨、钢结构件等时，需要频繁检修，工作强度大，且易造成安全隐患。目前国内外的紧固件的防松结构主要采用摩擦防松、机械防松和永久防松三种方式，摩擦防松常用有两种方法：一是采用弹簧垫片，利用弹簧垫片的反弹力保持螺纹间的压紧力和摩擦力，达到紧固的目的；二是采用对顶螺母，利用螺母对顶作用使螺栓式中受到附加的拉力和附加的摩擦力，达到锁紧的效果，但对顶螺母由于多用一个螺母，且工作不十分可靠，目前已经很少使用了；摩擦防松结构在长时间受交变载荷、冲击载荷作用下，螺栓被拉长变形，螺纹会疲劳倾倒、接触表面氧化剥落而使预紧力丧失，导致产生紧固间隙变大，出现松动；弹簧垫片、背紧螺母，卡簧、止退片等都会失去功效。机械防松中会利用槽型螺母紧固后，用开口销穿过螺栓尾部的小孔和槽型螺母的槽，或是利用止动垫圈的耳嵌入连 接件对应的槽内或者把止动垫圈的耳折弯贴紧连接件，机械防松的方法比较可靠，对于重要的联接常使用机械防松的方法，但对紧固件有特殊要求、成本高并且操作较为复杂；永久防松常用的永久防松有：点焊、铆接、粘合等，通常采用厌氧胶粘结剂涂于螺纹旋合表面，拧紧螺母后粘结剂能够自行固化这种方法在拆卸时大多要破坏螺纹紧固件，无法重复使用。
发明内容
本发明针对现有的技术存在的上述问题，提供一种自紧紧固件，本发明所要解决的技术问题是：如何提供一种结构简单、在振动或蠕变环境下都能有效防松的复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副。
本发明的目的可通过下列技术方案来实现：
一种复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副，包括螺母、垫片或螺栓、垫片，所述螺栓包括六角帽体及螺杆，所述螺母一端的六角面或六角帽体上设置有螺杆的六角面被其对角线均分成六个单元面，其特征在于，六个单元面中至少一个单元面上设置有倾斜的倒角面或旋升面；或六个单元面中至少一个单元面上设置有弧形凹槽，所述弧形凹槽的底面为倒角底面或旋升底面；
所述垫片的一侧面具有与所述倒角面或旋升面相匹配适应的螺旋面；或所述垫片的一侧面具有与弧形凹槽位置数量一一对应的弧形凸起，所述弧形凸起的上表面为与弧形凹槽底面的倒角底面或旋升底面相匹配适应的螺旋顶面。
在上述的复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副，所述至少一个单元面为倒角面或旋升面，倒角面或旋升面由与之相邻的一个单元面延伸至与之相邻的另一个单元面，且在倒角面或旋升面的低端处形成与沿螺母轴向的抵靠面；或所述弧形凹槽的两端分别位于相邻的两个单元面的交接处。
在上述的复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副，所述六个单元面中其中一个单元面上设置有倒角面或旋升面，其余五个单元面均为平面，所述倒角面或旋升面的倾斜角度为螺母的内螺纹旋升角的3倍；
或：所述六个单元面中其中两个单元面上设置有倒角面或旋升面，其余四个所述单元面均为平面，两个所述倒角面或旋升面间隔设置，所述倒角面或旋升面的倾斜角度为所述螺母的内螺纹旋升角的2.5倍；
或：所述六个单元面中其中三个单元面上设置有倒角面或旋升面，其余三个单元面均为平面，三个所述倒角面或旋升面间隔设置，所述倒角面或旋升面的倾斜角度为所述螺母的内螺纹旋升角的2倍。
在上述的复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副，所述六个单元面中其中一个单元面上设置有倒角面或旋升面，其余五个单元面均为平面；
或：所述六个单元面中其中两个单元面上设置有倒角面或旋升面，其余四个所述单元面均为平面，两个所述倒角面或旋升面间隔设置；
或：所述六个单元面中其中三个单元面上设置有倒角面或旋升面，其余三个单元面均为平面，三个所述倒角面或旋升面间隔设置；
所述倒角面或旋升面在六角面上靠外边缘或内边缘设置，所述倒角面或旋升面的角度大于螺母螺距对应的螺纹角。
在上述的复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副中，所述六个单元面中其中一个单元面上设置有弧形凹槽，所述弧形凹槽的底面为倒角底面或旋升底面，所述倒角底面或旋升底面的倾斜角度为螺母的内螺纹旋升角的3倍；
或：所述六个单元面中其中两单元面上设置有弧形凹槽，所 述弧形凹槽的底面为倒角底面或旋升底面，所述倒角底面或旋升底面的倾斜角度为螺母的内螺纹旋升角的2.5倍；
或：所述六个单元面中其中三个单元面上设置有弧形凹槽，三个弧形凹槽间隔设置，所述弧形凹槽的底面为倒角底面或旋升底面，所述倒角底面或旋升底面的倾斜角度为螺母的内螺纹旋升角的2倍。
在上述的复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副中，所述倒角面或旋升面位于单元面的外边缘或中间位置，所述旋升面或倒角面设置有一个；或所述旋升面或倒角面设置有两个，两个旋升面或倒角面对称设置；或所述旋升面或倒角面设置有三个，三个旋升面或倒角面周向均布并间隔设置；或所述旋升面或倒角面设置有四个，其中两个旋升面或倒角面分别横跨两个相邻的单元面，四个旋升面或倒角面两两对称设置。
在上述的复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副中，所述单元面均分成两个子单元面，所述倒角面或旋升面位于子单元面上，所述倒角面或旋升面靠近六角面的外边缘或内边缘位置。
在上述的复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副中，所述倒角面或旋升面设置有一个；或倒角面或旋升面设置有三个或四个或六个，三个或四个或六个倒角面或旋升面周向均布且间隔设置；所述倒角面或旋升面的角度大于螺母螺距对应的螺纹角。
在上述的复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副中，所述倒角面或旋升面为鲁罗克斯三角面，所述鲁罗克斯三角面设置有一个，或鲁罗克斯三角面设置有两个，两个鲁罗克斯三角面对称设置；或鲁罗克斯三角面设置三个，三个鲁罗克斯三角面间隔设置；或鲁罗克斯三角面设置六个，六个鲁罗克斯三角面分布在每个单元面上，所述鲁罗克斯三角面的倾斜角大于螺母螺距对应的螺纹角。
在上述的复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副中，所述弧形凹槽设置有一个；或两个，两个弧形凹槽对称设置；或三个，三个弧 形凹槽周向均布且间隔设置；或四个，四个弧形凹槽中其中两个弧形凹槽位于相邻的两个单元面上，四个弧形凹槽周向均布且间隔设置。
在上述的复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副中，所述螺母上设置有倒角面或旋升面或弧形凹槽的一端沿轴向向外延伸有套筒，所述垫片套装在套筒外，所述垫片与螺母之间通过压铆的方式固定连接；
或所述螺杆上靠近六角帽体的一端设置有压铆部，所述垫片套装在压铆部上，所述六角帽体与垫片通过压铆方式固定连接。
在上述的复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副中，所述垫片上设置有法兰。
在上述的复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副中，所述垫片上成型有法兰。
在上述的复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副中，所述螺母或六角帽体外表面设置有无机高温粘接剂抗重防腐涂层。
本发明相比现有技术突出的优点是：
本发明中的复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副是通过自紧力制锁来锁紧受震动及动态载荷影响的螺栓，而不是螺纹摩擦力。在整个运行生命周期内，本发明提供更高的运行可靠性和更低的维护成本，同时显著降低由于紧固件松动造成的停产、事故和保修索赔的风险。
附图说明
图1是实施例一中倒角面设置一个的爆炸示意图一。
图2是实施例一中倒角面设置一个的爆炸示意图二。
图3是实施例一的螺母的示意图。
图4是实施例二中倒角面设置二个的爆炸示意图一。
图5是实施例二中倒角面设置二个的爆炸示意图二。
图6是实施例二的螺母的示意图。
图7是实施例三中倒角面设置三个的爆炸示意图一。
图8是实施例三中倒角面设置三个的爆炸示意图二。
图9是实施例三的螺母的示意图。
图10是实施例四中弧形凹槽设置一个(六等分)的爆炸示意图一。
图11是实施例四中弧形凹槽设置一个(六等分)的爆炸示意图二。
图12是实施例五中弧形凹槽设置一个(十二等分)的爆炸示意一。
图13是实施例五中弧形凹槽设置一个(十二等分)的爆炸示意二。
图14是实施例六中弧形凹槽设置二个(六等分)的爆炸示意图一。
图15是实施例六中弧形凹槽设置二个(六等分)的爆炸示意图二。
图16是实施例七中弧形凹槽设置三个(六等分)的爆炸示意一。
图17是实施例七中弧形凹槽设置三个(六等分)的爆炸示意二。
图18是实施例八中弧形凹槽设置四个(六等分)的爆炸示意一。
图19是实施例八中弧形凹槽设置四个(六等分)的爆炸示意二。
图20是实施例九中弧形凹槽设置三个(十二等分)的爆炸示意图一。
图21是实施例九中弧形凹槽设置三个(十二等分)的爆炸示意图二。
图22是实施例九中弧形凹槽设置四个(十二等分)的爆炸示意图一。
图23是实施例九中弧形凹槽设置四个(十二等分)的爆炸示意图二。
图24是实施例九中弧形凹槽设置六个(十二等分)的爆炸示意图一。
图25是实施例九中弧形凹槽设置六个(十二等分)的爆炸示意图二。
图26是实施例十中一个倒角面设置在六角面外边缘的爆炸示意图一(十二等分)。
图27是实施例十中一个倒角面设置在六角面外边缘的爆炸示意图二(十二等分)。
图28是实施例十中三个倒角面设置在六角面外边缘的爆炸示意图一(十二等分)。
图29是实施例十中三个倒角面设置在六角面外边缘的爆炸示意图二(十二等分)。
图30是实施例十中四个倒角面设置在六角面外边缘的爆炸示意图一(十二等分)。
图31是实施例十中四个倒角面设置在六角面外边缘的爆炸示意图二(十二等分)。
图32是实施例十中六个倒角面设置在六角面外边缘的爆炸示意图一(十二等分)。
图33是实施例十中六个倒角面设置在六角面外边缘的爆炸示意图二(十二等分)。
图34是实施例十一中鲁罗克斯三角面设置一个的爆炸示意图一。
图35是实施例十一中鲁罗克斯三角面设置一个的爆炸示意图二。
图36是实施例十一中鲁罗克斯三角面设置二个的爆炸示意图一。
图37是实施例十一中鲁罗克斯三角面设置二个的爆炸示意图二。
图38是实施例十一中鲁罗克斯三角面设置三个的爆炸示意图一。
图39是实施例十一中鲁罗克斯三角面设置三个的爆炸示意图二。
图40是实施例十一中鲁罗克斯三角面设置六个的爆炸示意图一。
图41是实施例十一中鲁罗克斯三角面设置六个的爆炸示意图二。
图42是实施例十二中一个倒角面设置在六角面外边缘的爆炸示意图一。
图43是实施例十二中一个倒角面设置在六角面外边缘的爆炸示意图二。
图44是实施例十二中二个倒角面设置在六角面外边缘的爆炸示意图一。
图45是实施例十二中二个倒角面设置在六角面外边缘的爆炸示意图二。
图46是实施例十二中三个倒角面设置在六角面外边缘的爆炸示意图一。
图47是实施例十二中三个倒角面设置在六角面外边缘的爆炸示意图二。
图48是实施例十二中四个倒角面设置在六角面外边缘的爆炸示意图一。
图49是实施例十二中四个倒角面设置在六角面外边缘的爆炸示意图二。
图50是实施例十三的螺母与垫片的爆炸示意图一。
图51是实施例十三的螺母与垫片的爆炸示意图二。
图52是实施例十三的螺母与垫片压铆后的示意图。
图53是实施例十三的螺母与垫片压铆后的俯视图。
图54是图53的A-A剖视图。
图55是实施例十四中螺栓、垫片的爆炸示意图一。
图56是实施例十四中螺栓、垫片的爆炸示意图二。
图57是实施例十五中螺栓、垫片压铆前的爆炸示意图一。
图58是实施例十五中螺栓、垫片压铆前的爆炸示意图二。
图59是实施例十五中螺栓、垫片压铆后的立体示意图。
图60是实施例十五中螺栓、垫片压铆后的俯视图。
图61是图60的B-B剖视图。
图62是螺纹联接拧松时受力图。
图63是螺纹联接拧松时受力图。
图中，1、螺母1a、内螺纹；2、垫片；2a、螺旋面；3、单元面4、倒角面；5、抵靠面；6、弧形凹槽；7、倒角底面8、弧形凸起；9、螺旋顶面；10、套筒；11、法兰；12、螺栓；12a、六角帽体；12b、螺杆；12c、压铆部。
具体实施方式
以下是本发明的具体实施例并结合附图，对本发明的技术方案作进一步的描述，但本发明并不限于这些实施例。
实施例一
如图1、图2和图3所示，本实施例中的自紧螺母组件包括螺母1、垫片2；螺母1的一端六角面被其对角线均分成六个单元面3，六个单元面3中至少一个为单元面3倾斜的倒角面4或旋升面，其余的单元面3均为平面，倒角面4或旋升面由与之相邻的一个单元面3倾斜延伸至与之相邻的另一个单元面3，本实施 例中定义倒角面4或旋升面与平面平齐的一端为高端，相对的另一端为低端，在倒角面4或旋升面的低端处形成沿螺母1轴向的抵靠面5；螺母1的内壁上具有内螺纹1a，倒角面4或旋升面的倾斜角度为内螺纹1a旋升角的2倍或2.5倍或3倍；垫片2与被锁紧物体的接触面为倒齿面、磨砂面或者镀金刚砂面；垫片2与螺母1接触的侧面具有与倒角面4或旋升面相匹配适应的螺旋面2a；普通螺栓3能够穿过垫片2并与螺母1相螺接。垫片2与螺母1做阴阳配合，以确保组件相互之间能够相对运动。垫片2的螺旋面2a的螺旋角与倒角面4或旋升面的倾斜角度相等且相互对应，垫片2的螺旋面2a与螺母1的倒角面4或旋升面吻合接触。本实施例中通过设置一个自紧结构，使其锁紧后达到自紧的效果，让螺母1本体不再出现移位或者松动的现象，其可以广泛应用于机械设计、加工和制造业，并在铁路、桥梁和建筑行业上具有很好的应用价值。进而防止螺栓螺母配合的紧固件在强烈震动、高速运转、强大冲击力等恶劣环境下松动，在相当长的一段时间内保证螺母始终处于设计力矩的紧固状态。
进一步的，本实施例中六个单元面3中其中一个单元面3为倒角面4或旋升面，其余五个单元面3为平面，倒角面4或旋升面的倾斜角度为内螺纹1a旋升角的3倍。设置一个倒角面4或旋升面，可以降低紧固件装配时的滑动摩擦力，降低基准扭力，从而便于拧紧，不易松脱，自紧效果好。
本实施例的倒角面4或旋升面在六角面3上还可以靠外边缘或内边缘设置，所述倒角面4或旋升面的角度大于螺母螺距对应的螺纹角。
图2中阴影部分为倒角面4或旋升面的接触位置，其接触摩擦系数与螺纹摩擦系数相近。图3中阴影部分为平面。
本实施例所述螺母1外表面设置有无机高温粘接剂抗重防腐涂层，可以在海洋环境、高温环境等使用。
性能：可设计300℃-1380℃高温热况、耐酸碱盐雾、附着力高达30Mpa以上、硬度可达莫氏6以上、长时效稳定。
采用无机高温粘接剂作为成膜物，加入功能粉体作为功能介质，使用高温无机颜料以及少量的助剂材料，制备成适用于喷涂、刷涂、辊涂、浸涂及丝网印等工艺的功能性涂料产品。可施工在金属铁基材料，通过高温熔接机理，实现涂层的耐高温、耐刮、耐酸碱、高硬度、高附着力及高耐候的功能需求。
无机高温粘接剂在金属铁基材表面形成熔接层，降温后形成高致密度和稳定的无机玻璃态涂层。
本实施例的垫片2与被锁紧物体的接触面也可以设置真磨涂层，如：磨砂涂层、金刚砂涂层等。
实施例二
如图4、图5和图6所示，本实施例与实施例一大致相同，不同之处在于，本实施例中六个单元面3中其中两个单元面3为倒角面4或旋升面，两个倒角面4或旋升面的低端处均形成沿螺母1轴向的抵靠面5，其余四个单元面3为平面，两个倒角面4或旋升面对称设置，倒角面4或旋升面的倾斜角度为内螺纹1a旋升角的2.5倍。相对应地，垫片2上设置有两个与倒角面4或旋升面阴阳配合的螺旋面2a。
本实施例的倒角面4或旋升面的分布关系必须满足360°等分的原则。
图5中的阴影部分为倒角面4或旋升面的接触位置，其接触摩擦系数与螺纹摩擦系数相近。图6中阴影部分为平面。
实施例三
如图7、图8和图9所示，本实施例与实施例一或实施例二大致相同，不同之处在于，本实施例中六个单元面3中其中三个为倒角面4或旋升面，其余三个单元面3为平面，三个倒角面4或旋升面均匀间隔设置，倒角面4或旋升面的倾斜角度为内螺纹 1a旋升角的2倍。相对应地，垫片2上设置有三个与倒角面4或旋升面阴阳配合的螺旋面2a。
实施例四
如图10至图11所示，本实施例与实施例一至三中的原理基本相同，本实施例中的自紧紧固件包括螺母1、垫片2；螺母1一端的六角面3被其对角线均分成六个单元面3，至少一个单元面3上具有沿其周向设置的弧形凹槽6，弧形凹槽6的底面呈倾斜的倒角底面7或旋升底面，倒角底面7或旋升底面的低端与高端分别位于弧形凹槽6的两端；所述垫片2的一侧面具有与弧形凹槽6位置数量一一对应的弧形凸起8，所述弧形凸起8的上表面为与弧形凹槽6底面的倒角底面7或旋升底面相匹配适应的螺旋顶面9。
在本实施例中，所述弧形凹槽6设置有一个。该弧形凹槽6由单元面4的一端延伸至该单元面4的另一端。所述倒角底面7或旋升底面的倾斜角度为螺母1的内螺纹1a旋升角的3倍。
实施例五
如图12和图13所示，本实施例与实施例一至三中的原理基本相同，本实施例中的自紧紧固件包括螺母1、垫片2；螺母1的一端端面被其对角线均分成六个单元面3，每个单元面3均分成两个子单元面。也就是说将六角面沿周向360°均分12份。至少一个子单元面上开设有弧形凹槽6，弧形凹槽6由与之相邻的一个子单元面延伸至与之相邻的另一个子单元面。所述垫片2的一侧面具有与弧形凹槽6位置数量一一对应的弧形凸起8，所述弧形凸起8的上表面为与弧形凹槽6底面的倒角底面7或旋升底面相匹配适应的螺旋顶面9。
本实施例的垫片的弧形凸起8与螺母1上的弧形凹槽6为阴阳互补，其轴向偏差比与螺母1接触孔小0.2-0.5，以确保组件相互之间能够相对运动。
实施例六
如图14和图15所示，本实施例与实施例四的原理基本相同，其区别在于：本实施例的弧形凹槽6设置有两个，两个弧形凹槽6对称设置，所述弧形凹槽6的底面为倒角底面或旋升底面，所述倒角底面或旋升底面的倾斜角度为螺母1的内螺纹1a旋升角的2.5倍。相应地，垫片2上设置有两个弧形凸起8。
实施例七
如图16和图17所示，本实施例与实施例四的原理基本相同，其区别在于：本实施例的弧形凹槽6设置有三个，三个弧形凹槽6间隔且均布在六角面上，所述弧形凹槽6的底面为倒角底面或旋升底面，所述倒角底面或旋升底面的倾斜角度为螺母1的内螺纹1a旋升角的2倍。相应地，垫片2上设置有三个弧形凸起8。
实施例八
如图18和图19所示，本实施例与实施例四的原理基本相同，其区别在于：本实施例的弧形凹槽6设置有四个，四个弧形凹槽6中其中两个弧形凹槽6位于相邻的两个单元面4上，四个弧形凹槽6周向均布且间隔设置。相应地，垫片2上设置有四个弧形凸起8。
实施例九
如图20至图25所示，本实施例与实施例五的原理基本相同，其区别在于：本实施例的六角面进行十二等分，形成十二个子单元面。在其中三个子单元面上、四个子单元面上及六个子单元面上分别设置有弧形凹槽6。三个弧形凹槽6、四个弧形凹槽6及六个弧形凹槽6均间隔且周向均布设置。在垫片2上对应位置设置有三个或四个或六个弧形凸起8。
实施例十
如图26至图33所示，本实施例与实施例一至实施例三的原理基本相同。其区别在于：本实施例螺母1的六角面进行十二等 分，形成十二个子单元面。
在其中一个子单元面上设置一个倒角面4或旋升面，在垫片2上设置有一个螺旋面2a，如图26、图27，在其中三个子单元面上设置三个倒角面4或旋升面，三个倒角面4或旋升面间隔且周向均布，在垫片2上设置有三个螺旋面2a，如图28和图29所示，在其中四个单元面上设置四个倒角面4或旋升面，四个倒角面4或旋升面间隔且周向均布，在垫片2上设置有四个螺旋面2a，如图30和图31所示。在其中六个单元面上设置六个倒角面4或旋升面，六个倒角面4或旋升面间隔且周向均布，在垫片2上设置有六个螺旋面2a，如图32和图33所示。
所述倒角面4或旋升面位于六角面的外边缘或内边缘位置。
实施例十一
如图34至图41所示，本实施例与实施例一至实施例三的原理基本相同。其区别在于：本实施例的螺母1上的倒角面4或旋升面为鲁罗克斯三角面。鲁罗克斯三角面分别分布在一个单元面、两个单元面、三个单元面及六个单元面上。其中分布在两个或三个单元面上时，为周向间隔且均布设置。鲁罗克斯三角面易于加工制造。鲁罗克斯三角面分布位置时必须在螺母1端面靠外边缘。对应的，垫片2上的螺旋面2a也是鲁罗克斯三角面。
实施例十二
如图42至图49所示，本实施例与实施例一至实施例三的原理基本相同。其区别在于：当本实施例的螺母1的倒角面4设置有一个至三个时，本实施例的倒角面4或旋升面位于六角面靠外边缘设置。当倒角面4有四个时，其中两个倒角面4位于两个相邻的单元面上，且四个倒角面4或旋升面间隔且周向均布设置，同样的，倒角面4或旋升面位于六角面靠外边缘设置。
实施例十三
如图50至图54所示，本实施例的螺母1与垫片2的自紧结 构可采用实施例一至实施例十二任一结构。在本实施例中，所述螺母1上设置有倒角面4或旋升面或弧形凹槽的一端沿轴向向外延伸有套筒10，所述垫片2套装在套筒10外，所述垫片2与螺母1之间通过压铆的方式固定连接。
本实施例通过特殊结构设计，将螺母1和垫片2组合在一起，通过压铆的方式实现螺母1与垫片2的连接，形成一体式结构。本实施例的螺母1与垫2片之间的活动行程L大于单阶升程。
本实施例还可以增加在垫片2上增加法兰11设计，增加防盗措施来满足各种工况下的不同使用要求。
组装要求：
1、必须使用翻边铆头进行铆接组装；
2、铆装模进行定芯通孔设计，并配有定位顶针；
3、铆装过程的冲铆模与物件之间的垂直度应在0.15mm以内，同心度应在0.2mm以内，要取得更好的装配效果，形位公差要求可以适当再提高；
4、铆装后的完全重合状态下，螺母铆压角端面必须高于垫片底面0.1mm。
实施例十四
如图55和图56所示。本实施例为一种自紧螺栓组件。包括螺栓12、垫片2，所述螺栓12包括六角帽体12a及螺杆12b。所述六角帽体12a的内端面被其对角线均分成六个单元面3，六个单元面3中至少一个单元面3上设置有倾斜的倒角面4或旋升面；或六个单元面3中至少一个单元面3上设置有弧形凹槽，所述弧形凹槽的底面为倒角底面或旋升底面；所述垫片2的一侧面具有与倒角面4或旋升面相匹配适应的螺旋面2a或所述垫片2的一侧面具有与弧形凹槽数量及位置一一对应的弧形凸起，弧形凸起的上表面为与倒角底面或旋升底面相匹配适应的螺旋顶面。
本实施例所述六角帽体12a外表面设置有无机高温粘接剂抗 重防腐涂层，可以在海洋环境、高温环境等使用。
在本实施例中，在六角帽体12a上设置有三个倒角面4或旋升面，且倒角面4或旋升面为鲁罗克斯三角面，周向均布且间隔设置。
实施例十五
如图57至图61所示，本实施例的所述螺杆12b上靠近六角帽体12a的一端设置有压铆部12c，所述垫片2套装在压铆部12c上，所述六角帽体12a与垫片2通过压铆方式固定连接。
本实施例通过特殊结构设计，将六角帽体12a和垫片2组合在一起，通过压铆的方式实现螺栓12与垫片2的连接，形成一体式结构。本实施例的六角帽体12a与垫片2之间的活动形成大于单阶升程。
本实施例还可以增加在垫片2上增加法兰11设计，增加防盗措施来满足各种工况下的不同使用要求。
一般的情况下，拧紧扭矩与初始预紧力的关系为：
T＝kFd＝T h+T d
式中：T为拧紧扭矩，N·m；k为扭矩系数；d为公称直径，mm；F为初始预紧力，N；T 1为螺纹扭矩，T d为端面摩擦扭矩，N·m。
如图61所示，普通螺纹连接拧紧时的受力分析：
图61中，v为螺母拧紧方向；F为初始预紧力，N；F t为旋转螺母的水平推力，N；F N为支反力，N；F h为螺母旋转时的滑动摩擦力，N；F z为支反力F N与滑动摩擦力F h，N；α为螺纹升角，°；β为摩擦角，°；d为螺纹中径，mm；P为螺距，mm。
Figure PCTCN2021084332-appb-000001
μ h为螺纹摩擦因数。
当螺母拧紧的时候，也就是滑块上升，F与F z的夹角为α+β，此时，可得螺母螺纹在螺栓螺纹斜面上的受力平衡方程为：
Figure PCTCN2021084332-appb-000002
螺纹扭矩：
Figure PCTCN2021084332-appb-000003
端面摩擦扭矩：
T b＝u br bF其中，
Figure PCTCN2021084332-appb-000004
式中u b为支承面摩擦因数；d w为接触的支承面外径，mm；d n为接触的支承面内径，mm。
因此，螺栓螺母的拧紧扭矩为：
Figure PCTCN2021084332-appb-000005
如图62所示，普通螺纹联接拧松时受力分析：
当螺纹松动时，也就是滑块下滑，此时，F与F z的夹角为α-β，由此可得，螺母螺纹在螺栓螺纹斜面上的受力平衡方程为：
Figure PCTCN2021084332-appb-000006
螺母拧松时的螺纹扭矩：
Figure PCTCN2021084332-appb-000007
因此，螺栓螺母的拧松扭矩为：
Figure PCTCN2021084332-appb-000008
本技术方案中：
拧紧扭矩：复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副的垫片、螺母在拧紧时，由于存在一个摩擦力矩，因此，会产生一个阻止螺母旋转的水平阻力F f，方向与图1中F t相反，同时螺旋式的垫片螺母还额外提高了一个预升角γ，因此，有如下等式：
Figure PCTCN2021084332-appb-000009
Figure PCTCN2021084332-appb-000010
因此，复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副的的拧紧扭矩为：
Figure PCTCN2021084332-appb-000011
由上述计算过程可知，与普通的螺栓螺母相比，复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副的垫片、螺母、螺栓在拧紧时，相当于增加了两个额外的扭矩，一个是水平阻力产生的扭矩
Figure PCTCN2021084332-appb-000012
另外一个是预紧力产生的扭矩
Figure PCTCN2021084332-appb-000013
拧松扭矩：由以上拧紧扭矩的计算过程，并结合图2可知，螺栓螺旋式螺母的拧松扭矩为：
Figure PCTCN2021084332-appb-000014
由上式可知，在螺栓螺母由于振动影响发生相对位移趋势或者受到温度变化造成连接副的蠕变微动，进而使得螺纹连接松动时，采用复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副可以提供额外的防松扭矩来补偿由此所造成的连接副松动，其补偿的大小为
Figure PCTCN2021084332-appb-000015
但是由于振动或蠕变的作用，预紧力产生的扭矩
Figure PCTCN2021084332-appb-000016
还是 会出现持续的衰减从而导致夹紧力不断减小，最终使得连接副紧固失效。
然而，由于复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副满足以下条件：
(K+tanγ)/(K-tanγ)≤M，且γ＞α
M为垫片与被紧固物体之间的静摩擦系数；K为垫片与螺母或螺栓之间的静摩擦系数。
即使预紧力产生的扭矩补偿
Figure PCTCN2021084332-appb-000017
在持续衰减，但是水平阻力产生的扭矩
Figure PCTCN2021084332-appb-000018
会得到静摩擦系数M的持续补偿而不断获得新的平衡，让轴力不再衰减，连接副永不松动。
选取本发明几个样品进行检测，得到的检测报告如下表1：
表1：检测报告
Figure PCTCN2021084332-appb-000019
本文中所描述的具体实施例仅仅是对本发明精神作举例说明。本发明所属技术领域的技术人员可以对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代，但并不会偏离 本发明的精神或者超越所附权利要求书所定义的范围。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副，包括螺母(1)、垫片(2)或螺栓(12)、垫片(2)，所述螺栓(12)包括六角帽体(12a)及螺杆(12b)，所述螺母(1)一端的六角面或六角帽体(12)上设置有螺杆(12b)的六角面被其对角线均分成六个单元面(3)，其特征在于，六个单元面(3)中至少一个单元面(3)上设置有倾斜的倒角面(4)或旋升面；或六个单元面(3)中至少一个单元面(3)上设置有弧形凹槽(6)，所述弧形凹槽(6)的底面为倒角底面(7)或旋升底面；
    所述垫片(2)的一侧面具有与所述倒角面(4)或旋升面相匹配适应的螺旋面(2a)；或所述垫片(2)的一侧面具有与弧形凹槽(6)位置数量一一对应的弧形凸起(8)，所述弧形凸起(8)的上表面为与弧形凹槽(6)底面的倒角底面(7)或旋升底面相匹配适应的螺旋顶面(9)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副，其特征在于，所述至少一个单元面(3)为倒角面(4)或旋升面，倒角面(4)或旋升面由与之相邻的一个单元面(3)延伸至与之相邻的另一个单元面(3)，且在倒角面(4)或旋升面的低端处形成与沿螺母轴向的抵靠面(5)；或所述弧形凹槽(6)的两端分别位于相邻的两个单元面(3)的交接处。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副，其特征在于，所述六个单元面(3)中其中一个单元面(3)上设置有倒角面(4)或旋升面，其余五个单元面(3)均为平面，所述倒角面(4)或旋升面的倾斜角度为螺母(1)的内螺纹(1a)旋升角的3倍；
    或：所述六个单元面(3)中其中两个单元面(3)上设置有倒角面(4)或旋升面，其余四个所述单元面(3)均为平面，两个所述倒角面(4)或旋升面间隔设置，所述倒角面(4)或旋升面的倾斜角度为所述螺母(1)的内螺纹(1a)旋升角的2.5倍；
    或：所述六个单元面(3)中其中三个单元面(3)上设置有倒角面(4)或旋升面，其余三个单元面(3)均为平面，三个所述倒角面(4)或旋升面间隔设置，所述倒角面(4)或旋升面的倾斜角度为所述螺母的内螺纹(1a)旋升角的2倍。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副，其特征在于，所述六个单元面(3)中其中一个单元面(3)上设置有倒角面(4)或旋升面，其余五个单元面(3)均为平面；
    或：所述六个单元面(3)中其中两个单元面(3)上设置有倒角面(4)或旋升面，其余四个所述单元面(3)均为平面，两个所述倒角面(4)或旋升面间隔设置；
    或：所述六个单元面(3)中其中三个单元面(3)上设置有倒角面(4)或旋升面，其余三个单元面(3)均为平面，三个所述倒角面(4)或旋升面间隔设置；
    所述倒角面(4)或旋升面在六角面上靠外边缘或内边缘设置，所述倒角面(4)或旋升面的角度大于螺母螺距对应的螺纹角。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副，其特征在于，所述六个单元面(3)中其中一个单元面(3)上设置有弧形凹槽(6)，所述弧形凹槽(6)的底面为倒角底面(7)或旋升底面，所述倒角底面(7)或旋升底面的倾斜角度为螺母(1)的内螺纹(1a)旋升角的3倍；
    或：所述六个单元面(3)中其中两单元面(3)上设置有弧形凹槽(6)，所述弧形凹槽(6)的底面为倒角底面(7)或旋升底面，所述倒角底面(7)或旋升底面的倾斜角度为螺母(1)的内螺纹(1a)旋升角的2.5倍；
    或：所述六个单元面(3)中其中三个单元面(3)上设置有弧形凹槽(6)，三个弧形凹槽(6)间隔设置，所述弧形凹槽(6)的底面为倒角底面(7)或旋升底面，所述倒角底面(7)或旋升底面的倾斜角度为螺母(1)的内螺纹(1a)旋升角的2倍。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副，其特征在于，所述倒角面(4)或旋升面位于单元面(3)的外边缘或中间位置，所述旋升面或倒角面(4)设置有一个；或所述旋升面或倒角面(4)设置有两个，两个旋升面或倒角面(4)对称设置；或所述旋升面或倒角面(4)设置有三个，三个旋升面或倒角面(4)周向均布并间隔设置；或所述旋升面或倒角面(4)设置有四个，其中两个旋升面或倒角面(4)分别横跨两个相邻的单元面(3)，四个旋升面或倒角面(4)两两对称设置。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副，其特征在于，所述单元面(3)均分成两个子单元面(3)，所述倒角面(4)或旋升面位于子单元面(3)上，所述倒角面(4)或旋升面靠近六角面的外边缘或内边缘位置。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副，其特征在于，所述倒角面(4)或旋升面设置有一个；或倒角面(4)或旋升面设置有三个或四个或六个，三个或四个或六个倒角面(4)或旋升面周向均布且间隔设置；所述倒角面(4)或旋升面的角度大于螺母螺距对应的螺纹角。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副，其特征在于，所述倒角面(4)或旋升面为鲁罗克斯三角面，所述鲁罗克斯三角面设置有一个，或鲁罗克斯三角面设置有两个，两个鲁罗克斯三角面对称设置；或鲁罗克斯三角面设置三个，三个鲁罗克斯三角面间隔设置；或鲁罗克斯三角面设置六个，六个鲁罗克斯三角面分布在每个单元面(3)上，所述鲁罗克斯三角面的倾斜角大于螺母螺距对应的螺纹角。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副，其特征在于，所述弧形凹槽(6)设置有一个；或两个，两个弧形凹槽(6)对称设置；或三个，三个弧形凹槽(6)周向均布且间隔设置；或四个，四个弧形凹槽(6)中其中两个弧形凹槽(6) 位于相邻的两个单元面(3)上，四个弧形凹槽(6)周向均布且间隔设置。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副，其特征在于，所述螺母上设置有倒角面(4)或旋升面或弧形凹槽(6)的一端沿轴向向外延伸有套筒(10)，所述垫片(2)套装在套筒(10)外，所述垫片(2)与螺母之间通过压铆的方式固定连接；
    或所述螺杆(12b)上靠近六角帽体(12a)的一端设置有压铆部(12c)，所述垫片(2)套装在压铆部(12c)上，所述六角帽体(12a)与垫片(2)通过压铆方式固定连接。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副，其特征在于，所述垫片(2)上设置有法兰(11)。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的复合式斜面或斜槽型结构连接副，其特征在于，所述螺母或六角帽体外表面设置有无机高温粘接剂抗重防腐涂层。
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