WO2022100196A1 - 一种供电电源、电源提供方法及计算机存储介质 - Google Patents

一种供电电源、电源提供方法及计算机存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022100196A1
WO2022100196A1 PCT/CN2021/114120 CN2021114120W WO2022100196A1 WO 2022100196 A1 WO2022100196 A1 WO 2022100196A1 CN 2021114120 W CN2021114120 W CN 2021114120W WO 2022100196 A1 WO2022100196 A1 WO 2022100196A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
voltage
pulsating
circuit
energy storage
power supply
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PCT/CN2021/114120
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
田晨
张加亮
朱经鹏
陆伟伟
孙涓涓
孙巨禄
Original Assignee
Oppo广东移动通信有限公司
南京博兰得电子科技有限公司
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Application filed by Oppo广东移动通信有限公司, 南京博兰得电子科技有限公司 filed Critical Oppo广东移动通信有限公司
Priority to EP21890725.1A priority Critical patent/EP4228134A4/en
Publication of WO2022100196A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022100196A1/zh
Priority to US18/311,201 priority patent/US20230268843A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
    • H02M1/143—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output using compensating arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/06—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
    • H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • H02M1/4266—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using passive elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/01—Resonant DC/DC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1582—Buck-boost converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33573—Full-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33592—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer having a synchronous rectifier circuit or a synchronous freewheeling circuit at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of power electronics, and in particular, to a power supply, a power supply method, and a computer storage medium.
  • a power adapter also known as an external power supply, is a power supply voltage conversion device for small portable electronic devices and electronic appliances.
  • the power adapter accepts the AC (Alternating Current, AC) input voltage provided by the power grid, and the AC input voltage is rectified by the rectifier bridge and then converted into a pulsating DC (Direct Current, DC) voltage.
  • AC Alternating Current
  • DC Direct Current
  • the role of the electrolytic capacitor is to use its own stored energy to maintain a stable output voltage function when the AC input voltage is low.
  • the volume is usually larger, which is not conducive to realizing the compact and lightweight design of the power adapter.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a power supply, the power supply includes: a rectifier circuit for performing voltage transformation on an input AC voltage to obtain a first pulsating DC voltage; a valley filling circuit including at least one energy storage a capacitor for storing energy through the at least one energy storage capacitor when the first pulsating DC voltage output by the rectifier circuit is in a first preset interval; and the first pulsating DC voltage output by the rectifier circuit When the voltage is lower than a preset threshold, energy is provided through the at least one energy storage capacitor to increase the valley voltage of the first pulsating DC voltage.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a power supply method, the method comprising:
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer storage medium, where the computer storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed, the method according to the second aspect is implemented.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a power adapter provided by the related art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a power supply provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of another power supply provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of another power supply provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a specific hardware circuit of a power supply provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a simulation waveform of a first pulsating DC voltage before and after adding a valley filling circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a specific hardware circuit of a valley filling circuit provided by the related art.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a specific hardware circuit of another valley filling circuit provided by the related art.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the composition and structure of a power adapter provided by the related art.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic flowchart of a power supply method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a power supply, the power supply includes: a rectifier circuit for performing voltage transformation on an input AC voltage to obtain a first pulsating DC voltage; a valley filling circuit including at least one energy storage a capacitor for storing energy through the at least one energy storage capacitor when the first pulsating DC voltage output by the rectifier circuit is in a first preset interval; and the first pulsating DC voltage output by the rectifier circuit When the voltage is lower than a preset threshold, energy is provided through the at least one energy storage capacitor to increase the valley voltage of the first pulsating DC voltage.
  • the power supply further includes:
  • a first-stage conversion circuit connected to the rectifier circuit, for performing voltage conversion on the first pulsating DC voltage to obtain a second pulsating DC voltage
  • a secondary conversion circuit connected to the primary conversion circuit, is used for converting the second pulsating DC voltage to obtain a stable target DC voltage.
  • the valley filling circuit further includes a control switch; wherein, one end of the at least one energy storage capacitor is connected to one end of the control switch, and the other end of the at least one energy storage capacitor is connected to the rectifier The positive output end of the circuit is connected, and the other end of the control switch is connected with the negative output end of the rectifier circuit.
  • the valley filling circuit is configured to receive a control signal; and according to the control signal, by controlling the closing and opening of the control switch to adjust the first pulsating DC voltage to increase The valley voltage of the first pulsating DC voltage.
  • the valley filling circuit is specifically configured to control the control switch to be in a closed state when it is detected that the first pulsating DC voltage rises to a lower limit value of the first preset interval, so as to Energy is stored by the at least one energy storage capacitor; when it is detected that the first pulsating DC voltage rises to the upper limit value of the first preset interval, the control switch is controlled to be in an off state to maintain the The energy of at least one energy storage capacitor; when it is detected that the first pulsating DC voltage drops to the preset threshold, the control switch is controlled to be in a closed state, and energy is provided through the at least one energy storage capacitor to increase the the valley voltage of the first pulsating DC voltage.
  • the one-stage conversion circuit includes at least one switch tube, a transformer and a rectifier diode; wherein,
  • the first-stage conversion circuit is configured to perform voltage conversion on the first pulsating DC voltage by controlling the working state of the at least one switch tube to obtain a modulated voltage; and perform voltage conversion on the modulated voltage through the transformer , obtaining the DC voltage to be rectified; and performing voltage transformation on the DC voltage to be rectified through the rectifier diode to obtain the second pulsating DC voltage.
  • the working modes of the one-stage conversion circuit include at least a full-bridge mode and a half-bridge mode; wherein,
  • the first-stage conversion circuit is specifically configured to control the at least one switch tube to work in a full-bridge mode when the input AC voltage meets the low-voltage preset range; and control the input AC voltage to meet the high-voltage preset range At least one switch tube works in half-bridge mode.
  • the two-stage conversion circuit includes at least one of the following: a boost Boost circuit, a buck Buck circuit, a buck-boost Buck-Boost circuit, and a low dropout linear voltage regulator LDO circuit.
  • the two-stage conversion circuit is specifically configured to boost and convert the second pulsating DC voltage when the second pulsating DC voltage is lower than a target DC voltage to obtain the target DC voltage;
  • step-down transformation is performed on the second pulsating DC voltage to obtain the target DC voltage;
  • the second pulsating DC voltage is equal to the target DC voltage, the The second pulsating DC voltage is regulated and transformed to obtain the target DC voltage.
  • the at least one capacitor is a chip multilayer ceramic capacitor.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a power supply method, the method comprising:
  • the valley filling circuit further includes a control switch, and the at least one energy storage capacitor is connected to the control switch;
  • the control valley filling circuit stores energy through at least one energy storage capacitor when the first pulsating DC voltage output by the rectifier circuit is within the first preset interval, including:
  • controlling the control switch When detecting that the first pulsating DC voltage rises to the lower limit of the first preset interval, controlling the control switch to be in a closed state, so as to store energy through the at least one energy storage capacitor;
  • the control switch When it is detected that the first pulsating DC voltage rises to the upper limit value of the first preset interval, the control switch is controlled to be in an off state, so as to maintain the energy of the at least one energy storage capacitor.
  • providing energy through the at least one energy storage capacitor when the first pulsating DC voltage output by the rectifier circuit is lower than a preset threshold value includes:
  • the control switch When it is detected that the first pulsating DC voltage drops to the preset threshold, the control switch is controlled to be in a closed state, so as to provide energy through the at least one energy storage capacitor.
  • the method further includes:
  • control switch When the level value of the control signal satisfies the second level value, the control switch is controlled to be in an off state.
  • the power supply further includes a first-level conversion circuit, and after obtaining the first pulsating DC voltage, the method further includes:
  • the first-stage conversion circuit is controlled to perform voltage conversion on the first pulsating DC voltage to obtain a second pulsating DC voltage.
  • the first-stage conversion circuit includes at least one switch, a transformer and a rectifier diode, and the first-stage conversion circuit is controlled to perform voltage conversion on the first pulsating DC voltage to obtain a second pulsating DC voltage ,include:
  • the rectifier diode is controlled to perform voltage transformation on the to-be-rectified DC voltage to obtain the second pulsating DC voltage.
  • the power supply further includes a two-pole conversion circuit, and after obtaining the second pulsating DC voltage, the method further includes:
  • the diode conversion circuit is controlled to convert the second pulsating DC voltage to obtain a stable target DC voltage.
  • the controlling the diode conversion circuit to convert the second pulsating DC voltage to obtain a stable target DC voltage includes:
  • the second pulsating DC voltage is lower than the target DC voltage
  • the second pulsating DC voltage is boosted and transformed by the two-pole conversion circuit to obtain the target DC voltage
  • step-down conversion is performed on the second pulsating DC voltage by the two-pole conversion circuit to obtain the target DC voltage
  • the second pulsating DC voltage is equal to the target DC voltage
  • the second pulsating DC voltage is regulated and transformed by the two-pole conversion circuit to obtain the target DC voltage.
  • the two-pole conversion circuit includes at least one of the following: a Boost circuit, a Buck circuit, a Buck-Boost circuit, and an LDO circuit.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer storage medium, where the computer storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed, the method according to any one of the second aspects is implemented.
  • mobile terminals such as smart phones, notebook computers, tablet computers, personal digital assistants, wearable devices, etc.
  • mobile terminals are increasingly favored by consumers, but mobile terminals consume a lot of power and often It needs a power supply device (such as a power adapter) to charge it to meet the needs of anytime and long-term use.
  • a power supply device such as a power adapter
  • the power adapter in order to be compatible with the low-voltage grid system (rated voltage of 110Vac) and the ordinary grid system (rated voltage of 220Vac), the power adapter generally selects an electrolytic capacitor with a relatively large capacitance value and a relatively high withstand voltage value for filtering.
  • the output voltage of the power adapter is a stable DC voltage.
  • FIG. 1 it shows a schematic diagram of the working principle of a power adapter provided in the related art. As shown in FIG.
  • the AC input voltage for the AC input voltage, it is first rectified and filtered through the input rectification and filter module 101 to obtain a rectified voltage, which is in the shape of a steamed bread wave; then the switching power supply module 102 and the transformer module 103 are used for voltage transformation and isolation. , a DC voltage with less pulsation can be obtained; the DC voltage can then pass through the output filtering module 104 to obtain a target output voltage, which is the final DC output.
  • voltage feedback adjustment and current feedback adjustment can also be performed for the switching power supply module 102 ; for the voltage sampling of the target output voltage, the output voltage adjustment module 105 can be used for voltage control, and for the voltage sampling in the switching power supply module 102 The current sampling of the switch tube can be controlled by the switch tube current control module 106 ;
  • the input rectification filter module 101 includes a rectifier bridge and an energy storage capacitor. After receiving the AC input voltage provided by the grid, the AC input voltage is rectified by the rectifier bridge and converted into a pulsating DC voltage. At this time, it needs to be filtered by an energy storage capacitor to obtain a DC voltage with less fluctuation.
  • the function of the energy storage capacitor is to use its own stored energy to maintain a stable output voltage function when the AC input voltage is low.
  • the energy storage capacitor here is usually an electrolytic capacitor, and an electrolytic capacitor with a larger capacity is usually larger in size, it is not conducive to realizing a compact and lightweight design of the power adapter.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a power supply, which may include a rectifier circuit and a valley filling circuit; wherein, the rectifier circuit is used to perform voltage transformation on the input AC voltage to obtain a first pulsating DC voltage; a valley circuit, comprising at least one energy storage capacitor for storing energy through the at least one energy storage capacitor when the first pulsating DC voltage output by the rectifier circuit is in a first preset interval; When the outputted first pulsating DC voltage is lower than a preset threshold, energy is provided through the at least one energy storage capacitor to increase the valley voltage of the first pulsating DC voltage.
  • the stability of the output voltage can be ensured; and due to the controlled discharge of the at least one energy storage capacitor, the energy storage capacity of the capacitor is fully utilized, the circuit is simple, and the reliability is high; at the same time, the power supply can be reduced.
  • the volume of the power supply is conducive to realizing a compact and lightweight design of the power supply.
  • the power supply 20 may include: a rectifier circuit 201 and a valley filling circuit 202 .
  • the valley filling circuit 202 further includes at least one energy storage capacitor 202a.
  • the rectifier circuit 201 is used to perform voltage transformation on the input AC voltage to obtain the first pulsating DC voltage
  • the valley filling circuit 202 is used to store energy through at least one energy storage capacitor 202a when the first pulsating DC voltage output by the rectifier circuit 201 is in a first preset interval; When the voltage is lower than a preset threshold, energy is provided through at least one energy storage capacitor 202a to increase the valley voltage of the first pulsating DC voltage.
  • the power supply 20 may be integrated into a power supply device such as a power adapter, a mobile power supply, or the like, or may be used alone as a power supply device.
  • the rectifying circuit 201 is a circuit that converts alternating current power into direct current power. Specifically, the function of the rectifying circuit is to convert alternating current power into unidirectional pulsating direct current power. In other words, the voltage after passing through the rectifier circuit 201 is no longer an AC voltage, but a mixed voltage containing a DC voltage and an AC voltage, which can conventionally be called a unidirectional pulsating DC voltage, that is, the first voltage in the embodiment of the present application. A pulsating DC voltage.
  • the rectifier circuit 201 may include a rectifier bridge.
  • the rectifier bridge can be divided into a full-bridge rectifier bridge and a half-bridge rectifier bridge.
  • the full-bridge rectifier bridge is encapsulated by four rectifier diode bridge connections
  • the half-bridge rectifier bridge is encapsulated by two rectifier diode bridge connections
  • the two half-bridge rectifier bridges can be combined into a full bridge rectifier bridge. That is, the rectifier circuit 201 is composed of rectifier diodes.
  • the valley filling circuit 202 may further include a control switch 202b.
  • One end of at least one energy storage capacitor 202a is connected to one end of the control switch 202b, the other end of at least one energy storage capacitor 202a is connected to the positive output end of the rectifier circuit 201, and the other end of the control switch 202b is connected to the negative end of the rectifier circuit 201 Connect to the output.
  • the valley filling circuit 202 may be composed of at least one energy storage capacitor 202a and a control switch 202b, and the at least one energy storage capacitor 202a is connected to the control switch 202b. In this way, according to the closing and opening of the control switch 202b, it can be controlled whether the at least one energy storage capacitor 202a is switched to the power supply 20 or not.
  • the power supply 20 can be switched in when the first pulsating DC voltage is in a voltage valley. Since the switch-in voltage is controllable, the capacitive energy storage capacity of the at least one energy storage capacitor 202a can be fully utilized, so that it can be used for the subsequent stage.
  • the conversion circuit provides sufficient energy support to ensure the stability of the output voltage.
  • control switch 202b in addition to one end connected to the at least one energy storage capacitor 202a and the other end connected to the negative output end of the rectifier circuit 201, the control switch 202b may further include a control end; in,
  • the control terminal is used to receive a control signal; wherein, the control signal is used to control the closing and opening of the control switch 202b.
  • control terminal may be connected to a control circuit (not shown in the figure).
  • control circuit may provide control signals for controlling the closing and opening of the control switch 202b. Specifically, when the level value of the control signal provided by the control circuit satisfies the first level value, the control switch 202b can be controlled to be in a closed state at this time; when the level value of the control signal provided by the control circuit satisfies the second level value value, the control switch 202b can be controlled to be in an off state at this time.
  • the first level value is different from the second level value.
  • the first level value may be a high level, and the second level value may be a low level; or, the first level value may be a low level, and the second level value may be a high level.
  • the value of the high level may be 1, or satisfy a level range of the high level; the value of the low level may be 0, or satisfy a level range of the low level.
  • the first level value may be set to a high level (eg, 1), and the first level value may be set to a low level (eg, 0), but this is not specifically limited.
  • the valley filling circuit 202 is configured to receive a control signal; and according to the control signal, adjust the first pulsating DC voltage by controlling the closing and opening of the control switch 202b to increase the The valley voltage of the first pulsating DC voltage.
  • the input of the rectifier circuit 201 is an AC voltage
  • the rectifier circuit 201 performs voltage conversion on the input AC voltage
  • the first pulsating DC voltage can be obtained.
  • the output terminal of the rectifier circuit 201 is connected to the valley filling circuit 202, and the control switch 202b receives a control signal through the control terminal to control the closing and opening of the control switch 202b.
  • the first pulsating DC voltage is adjusted to increase the valley voltage of the first pulsating DC voltage.
  • the valley filling circuit 202 is specifically configured to control the control switch to be in a closed state when it is detected that the first pulsating DC voltage rises to the lower limit value of the first preset interval , so as to store energy through the at least one energy storage capacitor; when it is detected that the first pulsating DC voltage rises to the upper limit of the first preset interval, the control switch is controlled to be in an off state to keep the The energy of the at least one energy storage capacitor; when it is detected that the first pulsating DC voltage drops to the preset threshold, the control switch is controlled to be in a closed state, and energy is provided through the at least one energy storage capacitor to increase The valley voltage of the first pulsating DC voltage is high.
  • the first preset interval includes two endpoints: a lower limit value and an upper limit value.
  • the upper limit value may be expressed as a voltage value corresponding to at least one energy storage capacitor 202a at the cut-out time, and in general, the upper limit value is the peak value of the steamed bread wave in the first pulsating DC voltage.
  • the lower limit value can be expressed as a voltage value corresponding to at least one energy storage capacitor 202a at the charging time, the lower limit value is in the rising stage of the steamed bread wave in the first pulsating DC voltage, and the lower limit value is lower than the upper limit value.
  • the preset threshold value may be represented as a voltage value corresponding to at least one energy storage capacitor 202a at the switch-in moment, and the preset threshold value is in the falling stage of the steamed bread wave in the first pulsating DC voltage.
  • the preset threshold value is lower than the upper limit value, but the preset threshold value and the lower limit value may be set the same or different.
  • the cut-in time (ie, the preset threshold) of at least one energy storage capacitor 202a can be preferentially determined, and this cut-in time can be specifically adjusted according to actual needs, but the premise needs to ensure that the conversion circuit of the subsequent stage is The input voltage must not be lower than its under-voltage threshold, otherwise, the subsequent conversion circuit will be shut down and the target DC voltage cannot be obtained.
  • At least one energy storage capacitor 202a needs to be cut out before the steamed bread wave reaches the peak in the first pulsating DC voltage.
  • the control switch 202b is closed at this time, so as to charge and store the energy through the at least one energy storage capacitor 202a. Then, when the first pulsating DC voltage reaches the upper limit value (eg, the peak value) of the first preset interval, the control switch 202b is turned off to maintain the energy of the at least one energy storage capacitor 202a, that is, the at least one energy storage capacitor 202a hold voltage.
  • the upper limit value eg, the peak value
  • the control switch 202b When the first pulsating DC voltage drops to a preset threshold, the control switch 202b is closed to put at least one energy storage capacitor 202a into the circuit to provide energy, so that the valley voltage of the first pulsating DC voltage can be increased to maintain the output voltage stability.
  • At least one energy storage capacitor 202a may include one energy storage capacitor, may also include two energy storage capacitors, and may also include three or more energy storage capacitors.
  • the at least two energy storage capacitors are in a parallel state.
  • At least one energy storage capacitor 202a is a chip multilayer ceramic capacitor (Multi-layer Ceramic Capacitors, MLCC).
  • MLCC Multi-layer Ceramic Capacitors
  • At least one energy storage capacitor 202a may be an electrolytic capacitor, but in order to reduce the volume, in this embodiment of the present application, at least one energy storage capacitor 202a may be a small-volume MLCC capacitor, a tantalum capacitor, etc. Specific restrictions.
  • the number, specification and type of energy storage capacitors used in the actual circuit should be optimized and selected according to specific needs, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • control switch 202b can be a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor, MOSFET), referred to as a MOS transistor for short; it can also be an insulated gate bipolar transistor (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor). Transistor, IGBT); it can also be a thyristor (Thyristor), which can be referred to as a thyristor; it can even be other equivalent electronic switching devices.
  • MOSFET Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor
  • IGBT Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor
  • Thyristor thyristor
  • the control switch 202b needs to withstand a large inrush current and has a large loss.
  • a large current stress device such as a thyristor can usually be selected to solve the insufficient current stress.
  • the switching frequency of the control switch 202b is very low, the switching loss of the control switch 202b has little effect on the overall efficiency of the power supply 20 .
  • This embodiment provides a power supply, which may include a rectifier circuit and a valley-filling circuit; wherein the rectifier circuit is used to perform voltage transformation on an input AC voltage to obtain a first pulsating DC voltage; the valley-filling circuit includes at least one energy storage capacitor for storing energy through the at least one energy storage capacitor when the first pulsating DC voltage output by the rectifier circuit is in a first preset interval; When the first pulsating DC voltage is lower than a preset threshold, energy is provided through the at least one energy storage capacitor to increase the valley voltage of the first pulsating DC voltage.
  • the capacitor valley filling technology the stability of the output voltage can be ensured; and due to the controlled discharge of the at least one energy storage capacitor, the energy storage capacity of the capacitor is fully utilized, the circuit is simple, and the reliability is relatively high;
  • the small size of the power supply is conducive to realizing a compact and lightweight design of the power supply.
  • FIG. 4 it shows a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of another power supply provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the power supply 20 may further include a one-stage conversion circuit 203 and a two-pole conversion circuit 204 . in,
  • a first-stage conversion circuit 203 connected to the rectifier circuit 201, for performing voltage conversion on the first pulsating DC voltage to obtain a second pulsating DC voltage;
  • the secondary conversion circuit 204 is connected to the primary conversion circuit 203, and is used for converting the second pulsating DC voltage to obtain a stable target DC voltage.
  • the first-stage conversion circuit 203 may include at least one switch tube, a transformer and a rectifier diode.
  • the first-level conversion circuit 203 can be configured to perform voltage conversion on the first pulsating DC voltage by controlling the working state of the at least one switch tube to obtain a modulated voltage; and pass the transformer Performing voltage transformation on the modulated voltage to obtain the DC voltage to be rectified; and performing voltage transformation on the DC voltage to be rectified through the rectifier diode to obtain the second pulsating DC voltage.
  • the working modes of the first-stage conversion circuit 203 include at least a full-bridge mode and a half-bridge mode.
  • the first-stage conversion circuit 203 is specifically configured to control the at least one switch to operate in the full-bridge mode when the input AC voltage meets the low-voltage preset range; when the input AC voltage meets the high-voltage preset range
  • the at least one switch tube is controlled to work in a half-bridge mode.
  • the low voltage preset range may be set to 90Vac to 130Vac
  • the high voltage preset range may be set to 180Vac to 264Vac, but the embodiment of the present application does not make any limitation.
  • the voltage conversion here may be a boost conversion or a buck conversion.
  • the working mode of the first-level conversion circuit 203 is not limited to the full-bridge mode and the half-bridge mode, and can also be a switching power supply circuit of other working modes, as long as the required voltage conversion is achieved, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application .
  • the two-stage conversion circuit 204 includes at least one of the following: a boost (Boost) circuit, a buck (Buck) circuit, a buck-boost (Buck-Boost) circuit, and a low-dropout linear regulator (Low Dropout Regulator, LDO) circuit.
  • Boost boost
  • Buck buck
  • Buck-Boost buck-boost
  • LDO low-dropout linear regulator
  • the two-stage conversion circuit 204 is specifically configured to boost and transform the second pulsating DC voltage when the second pulsating DC voltage is lower than the target DC voltage to obtain the target DC voltage; When the second pulsating DC voltage is higher than the target DC voltage, step-down transformation is performed on the second pulsating DC voltage to obtain the target DC voltage; when the second pulsating DC voltage is equal to the target DC voltage, the second pulsating DC voltage is Voltage regulation and transformation to obtain the target DC voltage.
  • the secondary conversion circuit 204 can be a Boost circuit, which is used to boost and transform the second pulsating DC voltage to obtain the target DC voltage; when the second pulsating DC voltage is When the DC voltage is higher than the target DC voltage, the secondary conversion circuit 204 can be a Buck circuit to perform step-down conversion on the second pulsating DC voltage to obtain the target DC voltage; when the second pulsating DC voltage is equal to the target DC voltage , at this time, the secondary conversion circuit 204 can be an LDO circuit, which is used to stabilize and convert the second pulsating DC voltage to obtain the target DC voltage; in addition, even the secondary conversion circuit 204 can also be a Buck-Boost circuit, which is used to convert A DC voltage above, below or equal to the target DC voltage is converted into a regulated target DC voltage output.
  • Boost circuit which is used to boost and transform the second pulsating DC voltage to obtain the target DC voltage
  • the secondary conversion circuit 204 when the second pulsating DC voltage is When the DC voltage is higher than the target DC voltage
  • the power supply 20 may adopt a two-stage circuit structure.
  • the first stage is a first-level conversion circuit 203, which is used to convert the high-voltage pulsating DC voltage into a low-voltage pulsating DC voltage for output;
  • the second stage is a first-level conversion circuit 204, which is used to convert the low-voltage pulsating DC voltage into a stable target DC voltage. output.
  • the power supply 20 can also be applied to a single-stage circuit. For example, after the first pulsating DC voltage, there may be only a first-stage conversion circuit 203 or only a second-stage conversion circuit.
  • the conversion circuit 204 is not limited in any embodiment of the present application.
  • the power supply 20 may include a rectifier circuit BD1, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, a control switch SW, a first switch transistor Q1, a second switch transistor Q2, and a third switch transistor Q3, the fourth switch transistor Q4, the resonant inductance Lr, the excitation inductance Lm, the resonant capacitor Cr, the transformer T1, the fifth switch transistor SR1, the sixth switch transistor SR2, the fourth capacitor C4, the fifth capacitor C5, the seventh switch transistor S1 , the eighth switch tube S2, the ninth switch tube S3, the tenth switch tube S4, the conversion inductance LB, the sixth capacitor C6 and the output capacitor Co.
  • the second capacitor C2, the third capacitor C3 and the control switch SW form a valley filling circuit
  • the inductor Lr, the excitation inductance Lm, the resonance capacitor Cr, the transformer T1, the fifth switch SR1, the sixth switch SR2, the fourth capacitor C4, and the fifth capacitor C5 form a first-level conversion circuit, the seventh switch S1, and the eighth switch.
  • the tube S2, the ninth switch tube S3, the tenth switch tube S4, the conversion inductance LB, the sixth capacitor C6 and the output capacitor Co constitute a secondary conversion circuit.
  • the power supply 20 may adopt a two-stage circuit structure.
  • the role of the first-level conversion circuit (DCX, which can be equivalent to a DC transformer) is to accept the high-voltage pulsating DC voltage (represented by Vdc_in) output by the rectifier circuit BD1 (which may include a diode bridge stack, or a rectifier bridge), and convert it to Converted to a low-voltage pulsating output voltage (represented by Vbus). Since the first-level conversion circuit can work at the optimum point, the DCX can achieve extremely high conversion efficiency.
  • the DCX circuit ranges from "Vdc_in" to "Vbus” as shown in Figure 5.
  • the primary conversion circuit is an LLC resonant circuit.
  • the switching frequency of the LLC resonant converter is fixed and equal to the resonant frequency
  • the DC voltage gain of the LLC resonant converter remains unchanged, which can be equivalent to a DC transformer, that is to say, LLC-DCX or LLC resonant-based The DC transformer of the converter.
  • the switch tubes Q1-Q4 form a switching network
  • Lr is the resonant inductance, which can be realized by using the leakage inductance of the transformer T1 to reduce the number of components
  • Lm is the excitation inductance of the transformer T1.
  • Cr is a resonant capacitor, which has two functions: (1) DC blocking to avoid saturation of transformer T1; (2) Participate in resonance.
  • the LLC resonant circuit can make the switching device in a soft switching state through the resonance of Lr, Lm, and Cr, thereby achieving extremely high-efficiency power conversion.
  • the switches SR1 and SR2 are used to realize synchronous rectification, and rectifier diodes can also be used instead.
  • the first-stage conversion circuit DCX when the AC voltage provided by the AC power source ACin is in the low voltage range (eg 90Vac to 130Vac), the first-stage conversion circuit DCX can work in the full-bridge mode. At this time, the four switch tubes in the DCX circuit working, a fixed voltage gain such as Z1.
  • the first-stage conversion circuit DCX when the AC voltage provided by the AC power supply ACin is in the high voltage range (such as 180Vac to 264Vac), the first-stage conversion circuit DCX can work in the half-bridge mode, and the fixed voltage gain is Z2, for example.
  • Z1 is required to be greater than Z2. Since the low-voltage AC power supply has a high gain (ie, the gain of Z1 ) supported by the full-bridge mode, the voltage range output by the first-stage conversion circuit DCX can finally be controlled in a relatively narrow range.
  • the secondary conversion circuit is a DC/DC circuit, and its function is to convert the low-voltage pulsating DC voltage output by the DCX into a stable DC voltage output and provide it to the load.
  • the secondary conversion circuit adopts Buck-Boost circuit, which can convert Vbus higher than, lower than or equal to the target DC voltage into a stable target DC voltage (represented by Vo).
  • the Buck-Boost circuit ranges from "Vbus" to "Vo" as shown in Figure 5.
  • the secondary conversion circuit works in Buck mode, S3 is always on, S4 is always off, and S1 and S2 are switched at high frequency; at this time, Vbus is chopped by high frequency, and then through LB, The filter formed by C6 and Co finally outputs a stable target DC voltage.
  • the secondary conversion circuit works in Boost mode, S1 is always on, S2 is always off, S3 and S4 are high-frequency switches; at this time, the filter composed of LB, C6, and Co is used to output the final output. Stable target DC voltage.
  • first-level conversion circuit and the second-level conversion circuit in the embodiments of the present application are only schematic diagrams, and do not limit the application scope of the embodiments of the present application.
  • first-stage conversion circuit can also be implemented using other DCX implementation forms
  • second-stage conversion circuit can also be implemented using other DC/DC circuit topologies.
  • the two-stage circuit architecture shown in FIG. 5 can use fewer MLCC capacitors to replace the electrolytic capacitors in the related technical solution, thereby reducing the size of the power supply and improving reliability and service life.
  • DCX can adopt the working mode of full-bridge/half-bridge switching. When the input AC voltage is in the low-voltage range, the DCX works in the full-bridge mode; when the input AC voltage is in the high-voltage range, the DCX works in the half-bridge mode. It is ensured that when the input AC voltage changes in a wide range, the output variation range of the DCX is maintained within a narrow range, which is convenient for optimizing the design of the Buck-Boost circuit of the latter stage. However, whether the DCX adopts the full-bridge mode/half-bridge mode does not affect the implementation of the valley filling circuit technology in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the valley filling circuit may be composed of a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3 and a control switch SW. Its working principle is as follows:
  • the control switch SW is closed at this time.
  • the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3 are charged and stored.
  • the control switch SW is turned off, and the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3 maintain the voltage.
  • the control switch SW When the steamed bread wave in the first pulsating DC voltage drops to a certain set value (such as a preset threshold), the control switch SW is closed, and the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3 are put into the circuit to provide energy to the first capacitor C1, Thus, the valley voltage of the AC rectification can be increased, and the Vo can be kept stable.
  • a certain set value such as a preset threshold
  • the input AC voltage is 90Vac
  • the DCX is in a full-bridge working mode
  • the input valley voltage of the DCX is very low and close to 0V, so that the output Vo cannot be regulated.
  • the Vo voltage can be stabilized, and the simulation waveform is shown in Figure 6.
  • FIG. 6 it shows a schematic diagram of a simulation waveform of a first pulsating DC voltage before and after adding a valley filling circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • V rec is the first pulsating DC voltage before the valley filling circuit is added, that is, the AC rectified voltage without the valley filling circuit
  • V rec-in is the first pulsating DC voltage after the valley filling circuit is added, that is, the increase
  • the AC rectified voltage after the valley filling circuit is the capacitor voltage of the first capacitor C1
  • Vbulk is the capacitor voltage on the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3, and Vgs1*50 is the control signal for the control switch SW.
  • the control switch SW is closed, and the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3 are charged and stored.
  • the control switch SW is turned off, and the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3 are cut out, so that the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3 maintain the voltage ( i.e. to maintain energy).
  • the control switch SW is closed, and the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3 are put into the circuit to charge the first capacitor C1, which can increase the trough of Vrec-in voltage to maintain output stability.
  • the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application do not use electrolytic capacitors, thereby reducing the volume of the power supply.
  • the stable output voltage cannot be maintained when the AC input reaches the valley.
  • the capacitor switching technology ie, the capacitor valley filling technology
  • the energy stored in the capacitors C2 and C3 during the peak of the AC input can be used to provide enough energy for the back-end circuit when the AC input reaches the valley. Power support to ensure the stability of the output voltage.
  • the valley filling circuit uses MLCC capacitors (which may also be high-voltage ceramic capacitors or other high-density capacitors) for energy storage, which can maximize the use of smaller capacitance values for energy storage. Since the newly added components such as C2, C3, and SW can be controlled to be small in size, generally speaking, the embodiments of the present application can significantly improve the overall power density of the power adapter.
  • MLCC capacitors which may also be high-voltage ceramic capacitors or other high-density capacitors
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a specific hardware circuit of a valley filling circuit provided in the related art.
  • the valley filling circuit may include a first diode D 1 , a second diode D 2 , a third diode D 3 , a second capacitor C2 and a third capacitor C3 , and the first capacitor C1 is mainly used for energy storage filtering.
  • the structure of the valley-filling circuit is simple and does not need to be controlled, the utilization rate of the capacitor is low due to the uncontrollable cut-in voltage.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of a specific hardware circuit of another valley filling circuit provided by the related art. As shown in FIG.
  • the valley filling circuit may include a capacitor C in and a switch S, and the switching on and off of the switch S can control whether the capacitor C in is charged and stored.
  • the capacitor of the valley-filling circuit is charged in a controlled manner, the input voltage is adjustable, and the capacitor size is small, the power adapter still needs a large electrolytic capacitor, and the active control requires high aging and low reliability.
  • the capacitor can be a non-electrolytic capacitor, that is, a small-sized capacitor can be selected; (Valley cut-in discharge, and the cut-in voltage is controllable), which makes the capacitor energy storage capacity fully utilized, the circuit is simple, and the reliability is relatively high.
  • the disadvantage of the embodiment of the present application is that when the capacitor is switched in, the control switch needs to withstand a large inrush current and has a large loss. In this case, a large current stress device such as a thyristor can be selected to solve the problem of insufficient current stress. At the same time, because the switching frequency of the control switch is very low, the switching loss has little effect on the overall efficiency of the circuit.
  • the secondary conversion circuit (such as Buck-Boost circuit) will also accept the charging voltage, charging current and other instructions given by the protocol chip, and according to the instructions, the output voltage, output current, output power, etc. Make adjustments. Since this part of the function is similar to the implementation of other power adapters, it will not be described in detail here.
  • the power supply with valley filling technology proposed in the embodiments of the present application is described with the two-stage circuit structure shown in FIG. 5 , it can also be applied to a single-stage circuit.
  • the power supply may be a power adapter, or may be an AC/DC power supply in other fields.
  • the specific implementation of the above embodiments is described in detail, from which it can be seen that the stability of the output voltage can be guaranteed by using the capacitor valley filling technology; and due to the controlled discharge of the at least one energy storage capacitor, The capacitor energy storage capacity is fully utilized, the circuit is simple, and the reliability is relatively high; at the same time, the power supply can be applied to the power adapter, which can reduce the volume of the power adapter, which is beneficial to realize the compact and lightweight design of the power adapter.
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic structural diagram of a power adapter provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the power adapter 90 may include the power supply 20 described in any one of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the power supply 20 since the power adapter 90 includes the power supply 20, the power supply 20 includes a valley-fill circuit composed of at least one energy storage capacitor. In this way, by using the capacitor valley filling technology, the stability of the output voltage can be ensured; and due to the controlled discharge of the at least one energy storage capacitor, the energy storage capacity of the capacitor is fully utilized, the circuit is simple, and the reliability is relatively high; The small size of the power adapter is conducive to realizing a compact and lightweight design of the power adapter.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic flowchart of a power supply method provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 10, the method may include:
  • S1001 Control the rectifier circuit to perform voltage transformation on the input AC voltage to obtain a first pulsating DC voltage.
  • the power supply method can be applied to the power supply 20 described in any one of the foregoing embodiments, or a power adapter or other power supply device integrated with the power supply 20 . According to this power supply method, the stability of the output voltage can be ensured.
  • the rectifier circuit may include a rectifier bridge, or may also be composed of four rectifier diodes, and specifically refers to a circuit that converts AC power into DC power.
  • the voltage after passing through the rectifier circuit is no longer an AC voltage, but a mixed voltage containing a DC voltage and an AC voltage, which is customarily called a unidirectional pulsating DC voltage, that is, the first pulsating DC voltage described in the embodiments of the present application. Voltage.
  • S1002 Control the valley filling circuit to store energy through at least one energy storage capacitor when the first pulsating DC voltage output by the rectifier circuit is in a first preset interval; the first pulsating DC voltage output by the rectifier circuit When the voltage is lower than a preset threshold, energy is provided through the at least one energy storage capacitor to increase the valley voltage of the first pulsating DC voltage.
  • the power supply may include a rectifier circuit and a valley filling circuit, and the valley filling circuit includes at least one energy storage capacitor.
  • the embodiment of the present application can switch the at least one energy storage capacitor into the power supply when the first pulsating DC voltage is in a voltage valley, so that the capacitance energy storage capacity of the at least one energy storage capacitor can be fully utilized, thereby enabling the subsequent conversion
  • the circuit provides enough energy support to ensure the stability of the output voltage.
  • the valley filling circuit may further include a control switch, that is, the valley filling circuit may be composed of at least one energy storage capacitor and a control switch, and at least one energy storage capacitor is connected to the control switch.
  • the valley filling circuit may be composed of at least one energy storage capacitor and a control switch, and at least one energy storage capacitor is connected to the control switch.
  • the valley filling circuit may be composed of at least one energy storage capacitor and a control switch, and at least one energy storage capacitor is connected to the control switch.
  • the valley filling circuit may be composed of at least one energy storage capacitor and a control switch, and at least one energy storage capacitor is connected to the control switch.
  • the valley filling circuit may be composed of at least one energy storage capacitor and a control switch, and at least one energy storage capacitor is connected to the control switch.
  • control switch may further include a control terminal, which is connected to the control circuit and used for receiving a control signal, so as to control the closing and opening of the control switch according to the control signal.
  • control terminal which is connected to the control circuit and used for receiving a control signal, so as to control the closing and opening of the control switch according to the control signal.
  • the method may also include:
  • control switch When the level value of the control signal satisfies the second level value, the control switch is controlled to be in an off state.
  • the first level value is different from the second level value.
  • the first level value may be a high level, and the second level value may be a low level; or, the first level value may be a low level, and the second level value may be a high level.
  • the first level value may be set to a high level (eg, 1), and the first level value may be set to a low level (eg, 0), but this is not specifically limited.
  • control switch it can be controlled whether at least one energy storage capacitor is switched into the power supply, so that the first pulsating DC voltage can be adjusted to increase the first pulsating DC voltage. valley voltage.
  • the control valley filling circuit stores energy through at least one energy storage capacitor when the first pulsating DC voltage output by the rectifier circuit is in a first preset interval, which may include: :
  • controlling the control switch When detecting that the first pulsating DC voltage rises to the lower limit of the first preset interval, controlling the control switch to be in a closed state, so as to store energy through the at least one energy storage capacitor;
  • the control switch When it is detected that the first pulsating DC voltage rises to the upper limit value of the first preset interval, the control switch is controlled to be in an off state, so as to maintain the energy of the at least one energy storage capacitor.
  • providing energy through the at least one energy storage capacitor when the first pulsating DC voltage output by the rectifier circuit is lower than a preset threshold value may include:
  • the control switch When it is detected that the first pulsating DC voltage drops to the preset threshold value, the control switch is controlled to be in a closed state, so as to provide energy through the at least one energy storage capacitor.
  • the first preset interval includes two endpoints: a lower limit value and an upper limit value.
  • the upper limit value can be expressed as the voltage value corresponding to at least one energy storage capacitor at the moment of cut-out, and under normal circumstances, the upper limit value is the wave peak value of the steamed bread wave in the first pulsating DC voltage.
  • the lower limit value can be expressed as a voltage value corresponding to at least one energy storage capacitor at the charging time, and the lower limit value is in the rising stage of the steamed bread wave in the first pulsating DC voltage.
  • the preset threshold value may be represented as a voltage value corresponding to at least one energy storage capacitor at the switch-in moment, and the preset threshold value is in the falling stage of the steamed bun wave in the first pulsating DC voltage.
  • the preset threshold value is lower than the upper limit value, but the preset threshold value and the lower limit value may be set to be the same or different, which are not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the control switch in order to ensure that the final output of the power supply is a constant DC voltage, in the rising stage of the steamed bread wave in the first pulsating DC voltage (ie, the output voltage of the rectifier circuit), such as rising to the lower limit of the first preset interval
  • the control switch is closed at this time to charge and store energy through at least one energy storage capacitor.
  • the control switch is turned off to maintain the energy of the at least one energy storage capacitor, that is, the at least one energy storage capacitor maintains the voltage.
  • the control switch When the first pulsating DC voltage drops to a preset threshold, the control switch is closed to put at least one energy storage capacitor into the circuit to provide energy, so that the valley voltage of the first pulsating DC voltage can be increased to maintain the stability of the output voltage .
  • the power supply may further include a one-stage conversion circuit.
  • the method may further include:
  • the first-stage conversion circuit is controlled to perform voltage conversion on the first pulsating DC voltage to obtain a second pulsating DC voltage.
  • the one-stage conversion circuit may include at least one switch tube, a transformer and a rectifier diode.
  • the controlling the first-stage conversion circuit to perform voltage conversion on the first pulsating DC voltage to obtain the second pulsating DC voltage may include:
  • the rectifier diode is controlled to perform voltage transformation on the to-be-rectified DC voltage to obtain the second pulsating DC voltage.
  • the working modes of the one-stage conversion circuit may at least include a full-bridge mode and a half-bridge mode. Specifically, when the input AC voltage meets the low voltage preset range, the at least one switch tube is controlled to work in the full-bridge mode; when the input AC voltage meets the high voltage preset range, the at least one switch tube is controlled to work in half-bridge mode. bridge mode.
  • the low voltage preset range may be set to 90Vac to 130Vac
  • the high voltage preset range may be set to 180Vac to 264Vac, but the embodiment of the present application does not make any limitation.
  • the working modes of the first-level conversion circuit can at least include full-bridge mode and half-bridge mode, when the input AC voltage meets 90Vac to 130Vac, the first-level conversion circuit can work in the full-bridge mode to obtain the second pulsating DC voltage. ; When the input AC voltage meets 180Vac ⁇ 264Vac, the first-level conversion circuit can work in the half-bridge mode to obtain the second pulsating DC voltage.
  • the working mode of the first-stage conversion circuit is not limited to the full-bridge mode and the half-bridge mode, and can also be a switching power supply circuit of other working modes, as long as the required voltage conversion can be achieved. There is no specific limitation.
  • the power supply may further include a two-pole conversion circuit for performing voltage conversion on the second pulsating DC voltage to obtain a stable target DC voltage. Therefore, in some embodiments, after the obtaining of the second pulsating DC voltage, the method may further include:
  • the diode conversion circuit is controlled to convert the second pulsating DC voltage to obtain a stable target DC voltage.
  • the two-pole conversion circuit includes at least one of the following: a Boost circuit, a Buck circuit, a Buck-Boost circuit and an LDO circuit.
  • controlling the diode conversion circuit to convert the second pulsating DC voltage to obtain a stable target DC voltage may include:
  • the second pulsating DC voltage is lower than the target DC voltage
  • the second pulsating DC voltage is boosted and transformed by the two-pole conversion circuit to obtain the target DC voltage
  • step-down conversion is performed on the second pulsating DC voltage by the two-pole conversion circuit to obtain the target DC voltage
  • the second pulsating DC voltage is equal to the target DC voltage
  • the second pulsating DC voltage is regulated and transformed by the two-pole conversion circuit to obtain the target DC voltage.
  • the two-pole conversion circuit when the second pulsating DC voltage is lower than the target DC voltage, the two-pole conversion circuit can be a Boost circuit at this time, and is used to boost and transform the second pulsating DC voltage to obtain the target DC voltage; when the second pulsating DC voltage is When the pulsating DC voltage is higher than the target DC voltage, the two-pole conversion circuit can be a Buck circuit to perform step-down conversion on the second pulsating DC voltage to obtain the target DC voltage; when the second pulsating DC voltage is equal to the target DC At this time, the two-pole conversion circuit can be an LDO circuit, which is used to stabilize and transform the second pulsating DC voltage to obtain the target DC voltage; in addition, even the two-pole conversion circuit can also be a Buck-Boost circuit, using To convert the DC voltage higher than, lower than or equal to the target DC voltage into a stable target DC voltage output.
  • the power supply may adopt a two-stage circuit structure.
  • the first stage is a one-pole conversion circuit, which is used to convert the high-voltage pulsating DC voltage into a low-voltage pulsating DC voltage output;
  • the second stage is a two-pole conversion circuit, which is used to convert the low-voltage pulsating DC voltage into a stable target DC voltage output.
  • the power supply can also be applied to a single-stage circuit.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not make any limitation.
  • This embodiment provides a power supply method, which is applied to a power supply.
  • the first pulsating DC voltage is obtained by controlling the rectifier circuit to convert the input AC voltage to obtain a first pulsating DC voltage; when the first pulsating DC voltage output by the rectifier circuit is controlled by the valley-filling circuit, at least one storage Capacitor energy storage; when the first pulsating DC voltage output by the rectifier circuit is lower than a preset threshold, providing energy through the at least one energy storage capacitor to increase the valley voltage of the first pulsating DC voltage;
  • the valley filling circuit includes the at least one energy storage capacitor.
  • the obtained target rectified voltage can ensure the stability of the output voltage; and due to the controlled discharge of the at least one energy storage capacitor, the energy storage capacity of the capacitor is fully utilized, the circuit is simple, and the reliability is relatively high. High; at the same time, the volume of the power supply can be reduced, which is beneficial to realize the compact and lightweight design of the power supply.
  • the power supply 20 in this embodiment of the present application may be an integrated circuit chip, which has a signal processing capability.
  • each step of the above method embodiments can be completed by the integrated logic circuit of hardware in the power supply 20 combined with the instructions in the form of software.
  • some functions of the technical solutions of the present application may be embodied in the form of software products. Therefore, the present embodiment provides a computer storage medium, the computer storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed, the steps of the power supply method described in the foregoing embodiments are implemented.
  • the power supply may include a rectifier circuit and a valley filling circuit; wherein, the rectification circuit is used to perform voltage transformation on the input AC voltage to obtain a first pulsating DC voltage; the valley filling circuit includes at least one energy storage a capacitor for storing energy through the at least one energy storage capacitor when the first pulsating DC voltage output by the rectifier circuit is in a first preset interval; and the first pulsating DC voltage output by the rectifier circuit When the voltage is lower than a preset threshold, energy is provided through the at least one energy storage capacitor to increase the valley voltage of the first pulsating DC voltage.
  • the stability of the output voltage can be ensured; and due to the controlled discharge of the at least one energy storage capacitor, the energy storage capacity of the capacitor is fully utilized, the circuit is simple, and the reliability is high; at the same time, the power supply can be reduced.
  • the volume of the power supply is conducive to realizing a compact and lightweight design of the power supply.

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Abstract

本申请实施例公开了一种供电电源、电源提供方法及计算机存储介质，供电电源包括整流电路和填谷电路；其中，整流电路，用于对输入的交流电压进行电压变换，得到第一脉动直流电压；填谷电路，包括至少一个储能电容，用于在所述整流电路输出的所述第一脉动直流电压在第一预设区间时，通过所述至少一个储能电容储能；在所述整流电路输出的所述第一脉动直流电压低于预设阈值时，通过所述至少一个储能电容提供能量，以升高所述第一脉动直流电压的波谷电压。这样，通过采用电容填谷技术，可以保证输出电压的稳定度，而且线路简单、可靠性高，同时可以减小供电电源的体积。

Description

一种供电电源、电源提供方法及计算机存储介质
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2020年11月12日提交中国专利局、申请号为202011261778.X、申请名称为“一种供电电源、电源提供方法及计算机存储介质”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电力电子技术领域，尤其涉及一种供电电源、电源提供方法及计算机存储介质。
背景技术
电源适配器又可称为外置供电电源，是小型便携式电子设备及电子电器的供电电压变换设备，通常应用于智能手机、移动电源、液晶显示器和笔记本电脑等小型电子产品上。
目前，电源适配器接受电网提供的交流(Alternating Current，AC)输入电压，该AC输入电压通过整流桥整流后变换为脉动直流(Direct Current，DC)电压，这时候一般还需要经过电解电容滤波以得到波动较小的直流电压。该电解电容的作用是在AC输入电压较低时利用自身存储能量来保持稳定的输出电压功能。但由于较大容量的储能电解电容，通常其体积也较大，从而不利于实现电源适配器的小巧和轻便设计。
发明内容
本申请的技术方案是这样实现的：
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种供电电源，该供电电源包括：整流电路，用于对输入的交流电压进行电压变换，得到第一脉动直流电压；填谷电路，包括至少一个储能电容，用于在所述整流电路输出的所述第一脉动直流电压在第一预设区间时，通过所述至少一个储能电容储能；在所述整流电路输出的所述第一脉动直流电压低于预设阈值时，通过所述至少一个储能电容提供能量，以升高所述第一脉动直流电压的波谷电压。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电源提供方法，该方法包括：
控制整流电路对输入的交流电压进行电压变换，得到第一脉动直流电压；
控制填谷电路在所述整流电路输出的所述第一脉动直流电压在第一预设区间时，通过至少一个储能电容储能；在所述整流电路输出的所述第一脉动直流电压低于预设阈值时，通过所述至少一个储能电容提供能量，以升高所述第一脉动直流电压的波谷电压；其中，所述填谷电路包括所述至少一个储能电容。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种计算机存储介质，该计算机存储介质存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被执行时实现如第二方面所述的方法。
附图说明
图1为相关技术提供的一种电源适配器的工作原理示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种供电电源的电路结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的另一种供电电源的电路结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的又一种供电电源的电路结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种供电电源的具体硬件电路示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种第一脉动直流电压在增加填谷电路前后的仿真波形示意图；
图7为相关技术提供的一种填谷电路的具体硬件电路示意图；
图8为相关技术提供的另一种填谷电路的具体硬件电路示意图；
图9为相关技术提供的一种电源适配器的组成结构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种电源提供方法流程示意图。
具体实施方式
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种供电电源，该供电电源包括：整流电路，用于对输入的交流电压进行电压变换，得到第一脉动直流电压；填谷电路，包括至少一个储能电容，用于在所述整流电路输出的所述第一脉动直流电压在第一预设区间时，通过所述至少一个储能电容储能；在所述整流电路输出的所述第一脉动直流电压低于预设阈值时，通过所述至少一个储能电容提供能量，以升高所述第一脉动直流电压的波谷电压。
在一些实施例中，所述供电电源还包括：
一级变换电路，与所述整流电路连接，用于对所述第一脉动直流电压进行电压变换，得到第二脉动直流电压；
二级变换电路，与所述一级变换电路连接，用于对所述第二脉动直流电压进行变换，得到稳定的目标直流电压。
在一些实施例中，所述填谷电路还包括控制开关；其中，所述至少一个储能电容的一端与所述控制开关的一端连接，所述至少一个储能电容的 另一端与所述整流电路的正向输出端连接，所述控制开关的另一端与所述整流电路的负向输出端连接。
在一些实施例中，所述填谷电路，用于接收控制信号；并根据所述控制信号，通过控制所述控制开关的闭合和断开对所述第一脉动直流电压进行调整，以升高所述第一脉动直流电压的波谷电压。
在一些实施例中，所述填谷电路，具体用于在检测到所述第一脉动直流电压上升到所述第一预设区间的下限值时，控制所述控制开关处于闭合状态，以通过所述至少一个储能电容储存能量；在检测到所述第一脉动直流电压上升到所述第一预设区间的上限值时，控制所述控制开关处于断开状态，以保持所述至少一个储能电容的能量；在检测到所述第一脉动直流电压下降到所述预设阈值时，控制所述控制开关处于闭合状态，通过所述至少一个储能电容提供能量以升高所述第一脉动直流电压的波谷电压。
在一些实施例中，所述一级变换电路包括至少一个开关管、变压器和整流二极管；其中，
所述一级变换电路，用于通过控制所述至少一个开关管的工作状态，对所述第一脉动直流电压进行电压变换，得到调制电压；以及通过所述变压器对所述调制电压进行电压变换，得到待整流直流电压；以及通过所述整流二极管对所述待整流直流电压进行电压变换，得到所述第二脉动直流电压。
在一些实施例中，所述一级变换电路的工作模式至少包括全桥模式和半桥模式；其中，
所述一级变换电路，具体用于在输入的交流电压满足低压预设范围时，控制所述至少一个开关管工作在全桥模式；在输入的交流电压满足高压预设范围时，控制所述至少一个开关管工作在半桥模式。
在一些实施例中，所述二级变换电路至少包括下述其中一种：升压Boost电路、降压Buck电路、升降压Buck-Boost电路和低压差线性稳压LDO电路。
在一些实施例中，所述二级变换电路，具体用于在所述第二脉动直流电压低于目标直流电压时，对所述第二脉动直流电压进行升压变换，得到所述目标直流电压；在所述第二脉动直流电压高于目标直流电压时，对所述第二脉动直流电压进行降压变换，得到所述目标直流电压；在所述第二脉动直流电压等于目标直流电压时，对所述第二脉动直流电压进行稳压变换，得到所述目标直流电压。
在一些实施例中，所述至少一个电容均为片式多层陶瓷电容器。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电源提供方法，所述方法包括：
控制整流电路对输入的交流电压进行电压变换，得到第一脉动直流电压；
控制填谷电路在所述整流电路输出的所述第一脉动直流电压在第一预 设区间时，通过至少一个储能电容储能；在所述整流电路输出的所述第一脉动直流电压低于预设阈值时，通过所述至少一个储能电容提供能量，以升高所述第一脉动直流电压的波谷电压；其中，所述填谷电路包括所述至少一个储能电容。
在一些实施例中，所述填谷电路还包括控制开关，所述至少一个储能电容与所述控制开关连接；
所述控制填谷电路在所述整流电路输出的所述第一脉动直流电压在第一预设区间时，通过至少一个储能电容储能，包括：
在检测到所述第一脉动直流电压上升到所述第一预设区间的下限值时，控制所述控制开关处于闭合状态，以通过所述至少一个储能电容储存能量；
在检测到所述第一脉动直流电压上升到所述第一预设区间的上限值时，控制所述控制开关处于断开状态，以保持所述至少一个储能电容的能量。
在一些实施例中，所述在所述整流电路输出的所述第一脉动直流电压低于预设阈值时，通过所述至少一个储能电容提供能量，包括：
在检测到所述第一脉动直流电压下降到所述预设阈值时，控制所述控制开关处于闭合状态，以通过所述至少一个储能电容提供能量。
在一些实施例中，所述方法还包括：
接收控制信号；
当所述控制信号的电平值满足第一电平值时，控制所述控制开关处于闭合状态；
当所述控制信号的电平值满足第二电平值时，控制所述控制开关处于断开状态。
在一些实施例中，所述供电电源还包括一级变换电路，在得到所述第一脉动直流电压之后，所述方法还包括：
控制所述一级变换电路对所述第一脉动直流电压进行电压变换，得到第二脉动直流电压。
在一些实施例中，所述一级变换电路包括至少一个开关管、变压器和整流二极管，所述控制所述一级变换电路对所述第一脉动直流电压进行电压变换，得到第二脉动直流电压，包括：
控制所述至少一个开关管的工作状态，对所述第一脉动直流电压进行电压变换，得到调制电压；
控制所述变压器对所述调制电压进行电压变换，得到待整流直流电压；
控制所述整流二极管对所述待整流直流电压进行电压变换，得到所述第二脉动直流电压。
在一些实施例中，所述供电电源还包括二极变换电路，在得到所述第二脉动直流电压之后，所述方法还包括：
控制所述二极变换电路对所述第二脉动直流电压进行转换，得到稳定的目标直流电压。
在一些实施例中，所述控制所述二极变换电路对所述第二脉动直流电压进行转换，得到稳定的目标直流电压，包括：
在所述第二脉动直流电压低于目标直流电压时，通过所述二极变换电路对所述第二脉动直流电压进行升压变换，得到所述目标直流电压；
在所述第二脉动直流电压高于目标直流电压时，通过所述二极变换电路对所述第二脉动直流电压进行降压变换，得到所述目标直流电压；
在所述第二脉动直流电压等于目标直流电压时，通过所述二极变换电路对所述第二脉动直流电压进行稳压变换，得到所述目标直流电压。
在一些实施例中，所述二极变换电路至少包括下述其中一种：Boost电路、Buck电路、Buck-Boost电路和LDO电路。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种计算机存储介质，所述计算机存储介质存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被执行时实现如第二方面中任一项所述的方法。
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。可以理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用于解释相关申请，而非对该申请的限定。另外还需要说明的是，为了便于描述，附图中仅示出了与有关申请相关的部分。
随着移动终端(比如智能手机、笔记本电脑、平板电脑、个人数字助理、可穿戴设备等)的应用功能不断增强，移动终端越来越受到消费者的青睐，但是移动终端耗电量大，经常需要供电设备(比如电源适配器)对其进行充电，以满足随时随地和长时间的使用需求。这样，为了方便人们的随身携带，还需要使得电源适配器的体积尽可能地减小。
需要说明的是，为了兼容低压电网制式(额定电压为110Vac)和普通电网制式(额定电压为220Vac)，电源适配器一般会选择容值比较大、耐压值比较高的电解电容进行滤波，以使得电源适配器的输出电压为稳定的直流电压。参见图1，其示出了相关技术提供的一种电源适配器的工作原理示意图。如图1所示，针对交流输入电压，首先经过输入整流滤波模块101对其进行整流滤波，得到整流电压，该整流电压为馒头波形状；然后经过开关电源模块102和变压器模块103进行电压变换隔离，可以得到脉动较小的直流电压；该直流电压再经过输出滤波模块104，可以得到目标输出电压，该目标输出电压即为最终的直流输出。在该过程中，针对开关电源模块102，还可以进行电压反馈调节和电流反馈调节；针对目标输出电压的电压采样，可通过输出电压调节模块105对其进行电压控制，针对开关电源模块102内的开关管的电流采样，可通过开关管电流控制模块106对其进行电流控制；然后再通过电压电流反馈调制模块107对开关电源模块102内的开关管进行开关控制。
这样，在图1所示的电源适配器中，输入整流滤波模块101包括有整流桥和储能电容。在接受电网提供的交流输入电压之后，该交流输入电压 通过整流桥整流后变换为脉动直流电压，这时候还需要经过储能电容滤波以得到波动较小的直流电压。该储能电容的作用是在交流输入电压较低时利用自身存储能量来保持稳定的输出电压功能。但是由于这里的储能电容通常为电解电容，而且较大容量的电解电容通常其体积也较大，不利于实现电源适配器的小巧和轻便设计。
基于此，本申请实施例提供了一种供电电源，该供电电源可以包括整流电路和填谷电路；其中，整流电路，用于对输入的交流电压进行电压变换，得到第一脉动直流电压；填谷电路，包括至少一个储能电容，用于在所述整流电路输出的所述第一脉动直流电压在第一预设区间时，通过所述至少一个储能电容储能；在所述整流电路输出的所述第一脉动直流电压低于预设阈值时，通过所述至少一个储能电容提供能量，以升高所述第一脉动直流电压的波谷电压。这样，通过采用电容填谷技术，可以保证输出电压的稳定度；而且由于这至少一个储能电容的受控放电，使得电容储能能力利用充分，线路简单、可靠性高；同时可以减小供电电源的体积，有利于实现供电电源的小巧轻便设计。
下面将结合附图对本申请各实施例进行详细阐述。
本申请的一实施例中，参见图2，其示出了本申请实施例提供的一种供电电源的电路结构示意图。如图2所示，该供电电源20可以包括：整流电路201和填谷电路202。其中，填谷电路202中还包括有至少一个储能电容202a。
这里，整流电路201，用于对输入的交流电压进行电压变换，得到第一脉动直流电压；
填谷电路202，用于在整流电路201输出的所述第一脉动直流电压在第一预设区间时，通过至少一个储能电容202a储能；在整流电路201输出的所述第一脉动直流电压低于预设阈值时，通过至少一个储能电容202a提供能量，以升高所述第一脉动直流电压的波谷电压。
需要说明的是，供电电源20可以集成在电源适配器、移动电源等供电设备中，也可以单独作为一供电设备使用。
还需要说明的是，整流电路(rectifying circuit)201是把交流电能转换为直流电能的电路，具体地，整流电路的作用是将交流电转换成单向脉动性直流电。换句话说，经过整流电路201之后的电压已经不是交流电压，而是一种含有直流电压和交流电压的混合电压，习惯上可称为单向脉动直流电压，即本申请实施例所述的第一脉动直流电压。
在本申请实施例中，整流电路201可以包括整流桥。其中，整流桥可以分为全桥整流桥和半桥整流桥。这里，全桥整流桥是由四个整流二极管桥式连接封装在一起，半桥整流桥是由两个整流二极管桥式连接封装在一起，而两个半桥整流桥即可以组合成一个全桥整流桥。也就是说，整流电路201是由整流二极管组成。
在一些实施例中，在图2所示供电电源20的基础上，参见图3，填谷电路202还可以包括控制开关202b。
其中，至少一个储能电容202a的一端与控制开关202b的一端连接，至少一个储能电容202a的另一端与整流电路201的正向输出端连接，控制开关202b的另一端与整流电路201的负向输出端连接。
也就是说，在本申请实施例中，填谷电路202可以是由至少一个储能电容202a和控制开关202b组成，而且至少一个储能电容202a与控制开关202b连接。这样，根据控制开关202b的闭合和断开，可以控制至少一个储能电容202a是否切入该供电电源20。具体地，本申请实施例可以在第一脉动直流电压处于电压波谷时切入该供电电源20，由于切入电压可控，使得至少一个储能电容202a的电容储能能力利用充分，从而能够为后级变换电路提供足够的能量支撑，保证了输出电压的稳定度。
在一些实施例中，对于控制开关202b而言，除了与至少一个储能电容202a连接的一端、与整流电路201的负向输出端连接的另一端之外，控制开关202b还可以包括控制端；其中，
所述控制端，用于接收控制信号；其中，所述控制信号用于控制所述控制开关202b的闭合和断开。
需要说明的是，控制端可以与控制电路(图中未示出)相连接。这里，控制电路可以提供用于控制控制开关202b闭合和断开的控制信号。具体地，当控制电路所提供控制信号的电平值满足第一电平值时，这时候可以控制该控制开关202b处于闭合状态；当控制电路所提供控制信号的电平值满足第二电平值时，这时候可以控制该控制开关202b处于断开状态。
还需要说明的是，第一电平值与第二电平值不同。这里，第一电平值可以为高电平，第二电平值可以为低电平；或者，第一电平值可以为低电平，第二电平值可以为高电平。另外，通常情况下，高电平的取值可以为1，或者满足高电平的一电平范围；低电平的取值可以为0，或者满足低电平的一电平范围。在本申请实施例中，第一电平值可设置为高电平(如1)，第一电平值可设置为低电平(如0)，但是这里并不作具体限定。
在一些实施例中，填谷电路202，用于接收控制信号；并根据所述控制信号，通过控制所述控制开关202b的闭合和断开对第一脉动直流电压进行调整，以升高所述第一脉动直流电压的波谷电压。
需要说明的是，整流电路201的输入为交流电压，通过整流电路201对输入的交流电压进行电压变换后，可以得到第一脉动直流电压。这里，整流电路201的输出端与填谷电路202连接，通过控制开关202b的控制端接收控制信号，可以控制该控制开关202b的闭合和断开，而根据该控制开关202b的闭合和断开能够对第一脉动直流电压进行调整，用以升高所述第一脉动直流电压的波谷电压。
进一步地，在一些实施例中，填谷电路202，具体用于在检测到所述第 一脉动直流电压上升到所述第一预设区间的下限值时，控制所述控制开关处于闭合状态，以通过所述至少一个储能电容储存能量；在检测到所述第一脉动直流电压上升到所述第一预设区间的上限值时，控制所述控制开关处于断开状态，以保持所述至少一个储能电容的能量；在检测到所述第一脉动直流电压下降到所述预设阈值时，控制所述控制开关处于闭合状态，通过所述至少一个储能电容提供能量以升高所述第一脉动直流电压的波谷电压。
需要说明的是，第一预设区间包括有两个端点：下限值和上限值。其中，上限值可以表示为至少一个储能电容202a在切出时刻所对应的电压值，通常情况下，上限值为该第一脉动直流电压中馒头波的波峰值。下限值可以表示为至少一个储能电容202a在充电时刻所对应的电压值，下限值处于该第一脉动直流电压中馒头波的上升阶段，而且下限值低于上限值。
另外，预设阈值可以表示为至少一个储能电容202a在切入时刻所对应的电压值，预设阈值处于该第一脉动直流电压中馒头波的下降阶段。这里，预设阈值低于上限值，但是预设阈值与下限值可以设置相同，也可以设置不同。具体来讲，在本申请实施例中，可以优先确定至少一个储能电容202a的切入时刻(即预设阈值)，这个切入时刻可以根据实际需求进行具体调整，但是前提需要保证后级变换电路的输入电压不得低于其欠压阈值，否则将导致后级变换电路停机而无法得到目标直流电压。而对于下限值而言，在至少一个储能电容202a的能量低于一定值时，就需要进入充电时刻，为这至少一个储能电容202a进行充电储能；对于上限值而言，这至少一个储能电容202a需要在第一脉动直流电压中馒头波达到波峰前切出。
也就是说，为了保证该供电电源20的最终输出是恒定直流电压，可以在第一脉动直流电压(即整流电路201的输出电压)中馒头波的上升阶段，如上升到第一预设区间的下限值时，这时候控制开关202b闭合，以通过至少一个储能电容202a进行充电储能。然后在第一脉动直流电压达到第一预设区间的上限值(如波峰值)时，控制开关202b断开，以保持至少一个储能电容202a的能量，也即这至少一个储能电容202a保持电压。当第一脉动直流电压下降到预设阈值时，控制开关202b闭合，以将至少一个储能电容202a投入电路中提供能量，从而可以升高第一脉动直流电压的波谷电压，以便维持输出电压的稳定性。
在一些实施例中，至少一个储能电容202a中可以包括有一个储能电容，也可以包括有两个储能电容，还可以包括有三个甚至更多个储能电容。这里，当至少一个储能电容202a中包括有至少两个储能电容时，这至少两个储能电容处于并联状态。
在一些实施例中，至少一个储能电容202a均为片式多层陶瓷电容器(Multi-layer Ceramic Capacitors，MLCC)。
需要说明的是，至少一个储能电容202a可以是电解电容，但是为了减 小体积，在本申请实施例中，至少一个储能电容202a可以是小体积的MLCC电容、钽电容等，但这里不作具体限定。
也就是说，对于填谷电路202，实际电路中使用的储能电容个数、规格和种类等，应根据具体需要进行优化选择，本申请实施例不作具体限定。
还需要说明的是，控制开关202b可以是金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管(Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor，MOSFET)，简称为MOS管；也可以是绝缘栅双极型晶体管(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor，IGBT)；还可以是晶闸管(Thyristor)，可简称为可控硅；甚至还可以是其他等效电子开关器件。在本申请实施例中，当这至少一个储能电容202a切入时，控制开关202b需承受较大冲击电流且损耗较大，这时候通常可以选用晶闸管等大电流应力器件，用以解决电流应力不足问题；同时因控制开关202b的开关频率很低，其开关损耗对供电电源20的整体效率基本没有影响。
本实施例提供了一种供电电源，该供电电源可以包括整流电路和填谷电路；其中，整流电路，用于对输入的交流电压进行电压变换，得到第一脉动直流电压；填谷电路，包括至少一个储能电容，用于在所述整流电路输出的所述第一脉动直流电压在第一预设区间时，通过所述至少一个储能电容储能；在所述整流电路输出的所述第一脉动直流电压低于预设阈值时，通过所述至少一个储能电容提供能量，以升高所述第一脉动直流电压的波谷电压。这样，通过采用电容填谷技术，可以保证输出电压的稳定度；而且由于这至少一个储能电容的受控放电，使得电容储能能力利用充分，线路简洁，可靠性相对较高；同时可以减小供电电源的体积，有利于实现供电电源的小巧轻便设计。
本申请的另一实施例中，参见图4，其示出了本申请实施例提供的又一种供电电源的电路结构示意图。如图4所示，在图2所示供电电源20的基础上，供电电源20还可以包括一级变换电路203和二极变换电路204。其中，
一级变换电路203，与整流电路201连接，用于对所述第一脉动直流电压进行电压变换，得到第二脉动直流电压；
二级变换电路204，与一级变换电路203连接，用于对所述第二脉动直流电压进行变换，得到稳定的目标直流电压。
这里，一级变换电路203可以包括有至少一个开关管、变压器和整流二极管。如此，在一些实施例中，一级变换电路203，可以用于通过控制所述至少一个开关管的工作状态，对所述第一脉动直流电压进行电压变换，得到调制电压；以及通过所述变压器对所述调制电压进行电压变换，得到待整流直流电压；以及通过所述整流二极管对所述待整流直流电压进行电压变换，得到所述第二脉动直流电压。
需要说明的是，一级变换电路203的工作模式至少包括全桥模式和半桥模式。如此，在一些实施例中，一级变换电路203，具体用于在输入的交流电压满足低压预设范围时，控制所述至少一个开关管工作在全桥模式；在输入的交流电压满足高压预设范围时，控制所述至少一个开关管工作在半桥模式。这里，低压预设范围可以设置为90Vac～130Vac，高压预设范围可以设置为180Vac～264Vac，但是本申请实施例不作任何限定。
还需要说明的是，这里的电压变换可以是升压变换，也可以是降压变换。另外，一级变换电路203的工作模式并不局限于全桥模式和半桥模式，也可以是其他工作模式的开关电源电路，只要实现需求的电压变换即可，本申请实施例并不作具体限定。
在一些实施例中，二级变换电路204至少包括下述其中一种：升压(Boost)电路、降压(Buck)电路、升降压(Buck-Boost)电路和低压差线性稳压(Low Dropout Regulator，LDO)电路。
进一步地，在一些实施例中，二级变换电路204，具体用于在第二脉动直流电压低于目标直流电压时，对所述第二脉动直流电压进行升压变换，得到目标直流电压；在第二脉动直流电压高于目标直流电压时，对所述第二脉动直流电压进行降压变换，得到目标直流电压；在第二脉动直流电压等于目标直流电压时，对所述第二脉动直流电压进行稳压变换，得到目标直流电压。
也就是说，当第二脉动直流电压低于目标直流电压时，这时候二级变换电路204可以为Boost电路，用以对第二脉动直流电压进行升压变换，得到目标直流电压；当第二脉动直流电压高于目标直流电压时，这时候二级变换电路204可以为Buck电路，用以对第二脉动直流电压进行降压变换，得到目标直流电压；当第二脉动直流电压等于目标直流电压时，这时候二级变换电路204可以为LDO电路，用以对第二脉动直流电压进行稳压变换，得到目标直流电压；此外，甚至二级变换电路204还可以为Buck-Boost电路，用以将高于、低于或等于目标直流电压的直流电压转换为稳定的目标直流电压输出。
在本申请实施例中，为了提供稳定的目标直流电压输出，且实现高效率、小体积的设计，供电电源20可以采用两级电路架构。其中，第一级为一级变换电路203，用以将高压脉动直流电压转换为低压脉动直流电压输出；第二级为一级变换电路204，用以低压脉动直流电压转换为稳定的目标直流电压输出。需要注意的是，对于填谷电路202的电容填谷技术，该供电电源20也可以适用于单级电路，如在第一脉动直流电压之后，可以仅存在一级变换电路203或者仅存在二级变换电路204，本申请实施例不作任何限定。
示例性地，参见图5，其示出了本申请实施例提供的一种供电电源20的具体硬件电路示意图。如图5所示，供电电源20可以包括整流电路BD1、 第一电容C1、第二电容C2、第三电容C3、控制开关SW、第一开关管Q1、第二开关管Q2、第三开关管Q3、第四开关管Q4、谐振电感Lr、励磁电感Lm、谐振电容Cr、变压器T1、第五开关管SR1、第六开关管SR2、第四电容C4、第五电容C5、第七开关管S1、第八开关管S2、第九开关管S3、第十开关管S4、变换电感LB、第六电容C6和输出电容Co。
其中，在图5中，第二电容C2、第三电容C3和控制开关SW组成填谷电路，第一开关管Q1、第二开关管Q2、第三开关管Q3、第四开关管Q4、谐振电感Lr、励磁电感Lm、谐振电容Cr、变压器T1、第五开关管SR1、第六开关管SR2、第四电容C4、第五电容C5组成一级变换电路，第七开关管S1、第八开关管S2、第九开关管S3、第十开关管S4、变换电感LB、第六电容C6和输出电容Co组成二级变换电路。
也就是说，供电电源20为了提供稳定的电压输出、且实现高效率、超小体积的设计，可以采用两级电路架构。这里，一级变换电路(DCX，可等效为直流变压器)的作用是接受整流电路BD1(可包括二极管桥堆，或称为整流桥)输出的高压脉动直流电压(用Vdc_in表示)，将之转换为低压脉动输出电压(用Vbus表示)。由于一级变换电路可以工作在最优点，使得DCX可以实现极高的转换效率。DCX电路范围为图5所示的“Vdc_in”到“Vbus”。
这里，一级变换电路为LLC谐振电路。当LLC谐振变换器的开关频率固定且与谐振频率相等时，LLC谐振变换器的直流电压增益保持不变，可以等效为一个直流变压器，也就是说，LLC-DCX或称之为基于LLC谐振变换器的直流变压器。
具体来讲，开关管Q1-Q4构成开关网络，Lr为谐振电感，它可以利用变压器T1的漏感实现，用以减少元器件数量；Lm是变压器T1的励磁电感。Cr是谐振电容，具有两个作用：(1)隔直作用，避免变压器T1饱和；(2)参与谐振。LLC谐振电路通过Lr、Lm、Cr的谐振，能够使得开关器件处于软开关状态，从而实现极高效率的电源转换。这里，开关管SR1和SR2用于实现同步整流，也可以采用整流二极管来替代。
更具体地，在图5中，当交流电源ACin提供的交流电压处于低压范围(如90Vac～130Vac)时，一级变换电路DCX可以工作在全桥模式，这时候DCX电路中的4个开关管工作，固定的电压增益比如是Z1。同一应用场景下，当交流电源ACin提供的交流电压处于高压范围(如180Vac～264Vac)时，一级变换电路DCX可以工作在半桥模式，固定的电压增益比如是Z2。在本申请实施例中，要求Z1大于Z2。由于较低电压的交流电源得到全桥模式支持的高增益(也即Z1的增益)，故一级变换电路DCX输出的电压范围最终能够被控制在相对较窄的范围。
另外，二级变换电路为DC/DC电路，其作用为将DCX输出的低压脉动直流电压转换为稳定的直流电压输出，并提供给负载。在图5中，二级 变换电路采用Buck-Boost电路，可以将高于、低于或等于目标直流电压的Vbus转换为稳定的目标直流电压(用Vo表示)。这里，Buck-Boost电路范围为图5所示的“Vbus”到“Vo”。
具体来讲，当Vbus高于Vo时，二级变换电路工作在Buck模式，S3始终导通，S4始终断开，S1和S2高频开关；这时候Vbus被高频斩波，再经LB、C6、Co所构成的滤波器，最终输出稳定的目标直流电压。当Vbus低于Vo时，二级变换电路工作在Boost模式，S1始终导通，S2始终断开，S3和S4高频开关；这时候再经过LB、C6、Co所构成的滤波器，最终输出稳定的目标直流电压。
需要注意的是，本申请实施例中的一级变换电路和二级变换电路中采用的具体拓扑结构仅为示意图，并不限制本申请实施例的应用范围。例如，一级变换电路也可以使用其它的DCX实现形式，二级变换电路也可以使用其它的DC/DC电路拓扑来实现。
在本申请实施例中，图5所示的两级电路架构可以采用较少的MLCC电容来替代相关技术方案中的电解电容，从而可以降低供电电源的体积、且提高可靠性和使用寿命。另外，DCX可以采用全桥/半桥切换的工作模式，在输入的交流电压处于低压范围时，DCX工作在全桥模式；输入的交流电压处于高压范围时，DCX工作在半桥模式，如此可以保证在输入的交流电压宽范围变化时，DCX的输出变化范围维持在较窄的范围内，便于优化后级Buck-Boost电路的设计。但是DCX是否采用全桥模式/半桥模式，并不影响本申请实施例的填谷电路技术的实施。
也就是说，为了解决电容减少后带来的DCX输入脉动太大而Vo难以稳压的问题，这时候可以增加一路辅助的填谷电路。在本申请实施例中，该填谷电路可以是由第二电容C2、第三电容C3和控制开关SW组成。其工作原理具体如下：
为了保证供电电源的最终输出是恒定直流电，在第一脉动直流电压(即BD1输出电压)中馒头波上升阶段，如上升到第一预设区间的下限值时，这时候控制开关SW闭合，第二电容C2和第三电容C3充电储能。在第一脉动直流电压达到第一预设区间的上限值(如波峰值)后，控制开关SW断开，第二电容C2和第三电容C3保持电压。在第一脉动直流电压中馒头波下降到某一设定值(如预设阈值)时，控制开关SW闭合，将第二电容C2和第三电容C3投入电路以给第一电容C1提供能量，从而提高交流整流的波谷电压，能够维持Vo稳定。
在一种具体实施例中，假定输入的交流电压为90Vac，DCX处于全桥工作模式，DCX输入波谷电压很低接近0V，导致输出Vo无法稳压。然而在增加电容切换的填谷电路后，通过调整MLCC参数(如MLCC电容的容值)，可以使得Vo电压得到稳压，其仿真波形如图6所示。
参见图6，其示出了本申请实施例提供的一种第一脉动直流电压在增加 填谷电路前后的仿真波形示意图。如图6所示，V rec为增加填谷电路前的第一脉动直流电压，即无填谷电路的AC整流电压；V rec-in为增加填谷电路后的第一脉动直流电压，即增加填谷电路后的AC整流电压，也即第一电容C1的电容电压；Vbulk为第二电容C2和第三电容C3上的电容电压，Vgs1*50为控制开关SW的控制信号。这样，从图6可以看出，在t1时间段，控制开关SW闭合，第二电容C2和第三电容C3充电储能。在t2时间段，在第一脉动直流电压中馒头波达到波峰时，控制开关SW断开，第二电容C2和第三电容C3切出，以使得第二电容C2和第三电容C3保持电压(即保持能量)。在t3时间段，第一脉动直流电压中馒头波下降到预设阈值时，控制开关SW闭合，第二电容C2和第三电容C3投入电路给第一电容C1充电，可以提高Vrec-in的波谷电压，从而能够维持输出稳定。
简言之，本申请实施例的技术方案未使用电解电容，减小了供电电源的体积。但是由于没有大容量的储能电容，导致AC输入达到波谷时无法维持稳定的输出电压。这时候通过采用本申请实施例中的电容切换技术(即电容填谷技术)，可以利用AC输入波峰时在C2和C3电容中储存的能量以在AC输入达到波谷时为后端电路提供足够的功率支撑，从而保证输出电压的稳定度。
另外，该填谷电路采用MLCC电容(也可以是高压瓷片电容或者其它高密度电容)进行储能，可以最大限度地利用较小容值进行能量存储。由于新增器件如C2、C3、SW都可控制在较小尺寸，因此总体来讲，本申请实施例可明显提高电源适配器的整体功率密度。
在相关技术中，参见图7，其示出了相关技术提供的一种填谷电路的具体硬件电路示意图。如图7所示，该填谷电路可以包括第一二极管D 1、第二二极管D 2、第三二极管D 3、第二电容C2和第三电容C3，而第一电容C1主要用于储能滤波。虽然该填谷电路的结构形式简单，无需控制；但是由于切入电压不可控，导致电容利用率较低。参见图8，其示出了相关技术提供的另一种填谷电路的具体硬件电路示意图。如图8所示，该填谷电路可以包括有电容C in和开关管S，而开关管S的导通和关断可以控制电容C in是否充电储能。虽然该填谷电路的电容受控充电，而且输入电压可调，电容尺寸较小，但是电源适配器仍需要大电解电容，主动控制时效要求高，可靠性低。
这样，与图7和图8所示的填谷电路相比，本申请实施例中的填谷电路，一方面电容可以是非电解电容，即可以选择小体积的电容；另一方面电容受控放电(波谷切入放电，并且切入电压可控)，使得电容储能能力利用充分、线路简洁、可靠性相对较高。本申请实施例的不足在于电容切入时，控制开关需承受较大冲击电流且损耗较大，这时候可以选择晶闸管等大电流应力器件，用以解决电流应力不足问题。同时因控制开关的开关频率很低，其开关损耗对电路整体效率基本没有影响。
此外，根据电源适配器的输出协议要求，二级变换电路(如Buck-Boost电路)还会接受协议芯片给出的充电电压、充电电流等指令，并根据指令对输出电压、输出电流、输出功率等进行调节。由于这部分功能和其它电源适配器的实现方式类似，这里不再详述。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例提出的具有填谷技术的供电电源虽然以图5所示的两级电路架构来进行说明，但也可以适用于单级电路。另外，该供电电源可以为电源适配器，也可以为其它领域的AC/DC电源。
通过上述实施例，对前述实施例的具体实现进行了详细阐述，从中可以看出，通过采用电容填谷技术，可以保证输出电压的稳定度；而且由于这至少一个储能电容的受控放电，使得电容储能能力利用充分，线路简洁，可靠性相对较高；同时该供电电源可以应用于电源适配器，可以减小电源适配器的体积，有利于实现电源适配器的小巧轻便设计。
本申请的又一实施例中，参见图9，其示出了本申请实施例提供的一种电源适配器的组成结构示意图。如图9所示，电源适配器90可以包括前述实施例中任一项所述的供电电源20。
在本申请实施例中，由于电源适配器90中包括有供电电源20，而供电电源20中包括有至少一个储能电容组成的填谷电路。这样，通过采用电容填谷技术，可以保证输出电压的稳定度；而且由于这至少一个储能电容的受控放电，使得电容储能能力利用充分，线路简洁，可靠性相对较高；同时可以减小电源适配器的体积，有利于实现电源适配器的小巧轻便设计。
本申请的再一实施例中，参见图10，其示出了本申请实施例提供的一种电源提供方法流程示意图。如图10所示，该方法可以包括：
S1001：控制整流电路对输入的交流电压进行电压变换，得到第一脉动直流电压。
需要说明的是，该电源提供方法可以应用于前述实施例中任一项所述的供电电源20，或者集成有该供电电源20的电源适配器或者其它供电设备。根据该电源提供方法，可以保证输出电压的稳定度。
还需要说明的是，整流电路可以包括整流桥，或者也可以是由四个整流二极管组成，具体是指把交流电能转换为直流电能的电路。另外，经过整流电路之后的电压已经不是交流电压，而是一种含有直流电压和交流电压的混合电压，习惯上可称为单向脉动直流电压，即本申请实施例所述的第一脉动直流电压。
S1002：控制填谷电路在所述整流电路输出的所述第一脉动直流电压在第一预设区间时，通过至少一个储能电容储能；在所述整流电路输出的所述第一脉动直流电压低于预设阈值时，通过所述至少一个储能电容提供能量，以升高所述第一脉动直流电压的波谷电压。
需要说明的是，供电电源可以包括整流电路和填谷电路，而填谷电路包括有至少一个储能电容。这样，本申请实施例可以在第一脉动直流电压处于电压波谷时将这至少一个储能电容切入该供电电源，使得这至少一个储能电容的电容储能能力利用充分，从而能够为后级变换电路提供足够的能量支撑，保证了输出电压的稳定度。
还需要说明的是，填谷电路还可以包括控制开关，也即填谷电路可以是由至少一个储能电容和控制开关组成，而且至少一个储能电容与控制开关连接。具体地，在供电电源中，至少一个储能电容的一端与控制开关的一端连接，至少一个储能电容的另一端与整流电路的正向输出端连接，控制开关的另一端与整流电路的负向输出端连接。
可以理解地，控制开关还可以包括控制端，控制端与控制电路相连接，用于接收控制信号，以便根据控制信号控制所述控制开关的闭合和断开。在一些实施例中，该方法还可以包括：
接收控制信号；
当所述控制信号的电平值满足第一电平值时，控制所述控制开关处于闭合状态；
当所述控制信号的电平值满足第二电平值时，控制所述控制开关处于断开状态。
需要说明的是，第一电平值与第二电平值不同。这里，第一电平值可以为高电平，第二电平值可以为低电平；或者，第一电平值可以为低电平，第二电平值可以为高电平。在本申请实施例中，第一电平值可设置为高电平(如1)，第一电平值可设置为低电平(如0)，但是这里并不作具体限定。
还需要说明的是，根据控制开关的闭合和断开，可以控制至少一个储能电容是否切入该供电电源，从而能够实现对第一脉动直流电压进行调整，以升高所述第一脉动直流电压的波谷电压。
在一些实施例中，对于S1002而言，所述控制填谷电路在所述整流电路输出的所述第一脉动直流电压在第一预设区间时，通过至少一个储能电容储能，可以包括：
在检测到所述第一脉动直流电压上升到所述第一预设区间的下限值时，控制所述控制开关处于闭合状态，以通过所述至少一个储能电容储存能量；
在检测到所述第一脉动直流电压上升到所述第一预设区间的上限值时，控制所述控制开关处于断开状态，以保持所述至少一个储能电容的能量。
进一步地，在一些实施例中，所述在所述整流电路输出的所述第一脉动直流电压低于预设阈值时，通过所述至少一个储能电容提供能量，可以包括：
在检测到所述第一脉动直流电压下降到所述预设阈值时，控制所述控制开关处于闭合状态，以通过所述至少一个储能电容提供能量。
需要说明的是，第一预设区间包括有两个端点：下限值和上限值。其 中，上限值可以表示为至少一个储能电容在切出时刻所对应的电压值，通常情况下，上限值为该第一脉动直流电压中馒头波的波峰值。下限值可以表示为至少一个储能电容在充电时刻所对应的电压值，下限值处于该第一脉动直流电压中馒头波的上升阶段。预设阈值可以表示为至少一个储能电容在切入时刻所对应的电压值，预设阈值处于该第一脉动直流电压中馒头波的下降阶段。这里，预设阈值低于上限值，但是预设阈值与下限值可以设置相同，也可以设置不同，本申请实施例不作具体限定。
也就是说，为了保证该供电电源的最终输出是恒定直流电压，可以在第一脉动直流电压(即整流电路的输出电压)中馒头波的上升阶段，如上升到第一预设区间的下限值时，这时候控制开关闭合，以通过至少一个储能电容进行充电储能。然后在第一脉动直流电压达到第一预设区间的上限值(如波峰值)时，控制开关断开，以保持至少一个储能电容的能量，也即这至少一个储能电容保持电压。当第一脉动直流电压下降到预设阈值时，控制开关闭合，以将至少一个储能电容投入电路中提供能量，从而可以升高第一脉动直流电压的波谷电压，以便维持输出电压的稳定性。
可以理解地，在第一脉动直流电压之后，还可以对第一脉动直流电压进行电压变换。也就是说，供电电源还可以包括一级变换电路。在一些实施例中，在得到所述第一脉动直流电压之后，该方法还可以包括：
控制所述一级变换电路对所述第一脉动直流电压进行电压变换，得到第二脉动直流电压。
具体地，一级变换电路可以包括至少一个开关管、变压器和整流二极管。这样，在一些实施例中，所述控制所述一级变换电路对所述第一脉动直流电压进行电压变换，得到第二脉动直流电压，可以包括：
控制所述至少一个开关管的工作状态，对所述第一脉动直流电压进行电压变换，得到调制电压；
控制所述变压器对所述调制电压进行电压变换，得到待整流直流电压；
控制所述整流二极管对所述待整流直流电压进行电压变换，得到所述第二脉动直流电压。
需要说明的是，一级变换电路的工作模式至少可以包括全桥模式和半桥模式。具体地，在输入的交流电压满足低压预设范围时，控制所述至少一个开关管工作在全桥模式；在输入的交流电压满足高压预设范围时，控制所述至少一个开关管工作在半桥模式。
这里，低压预设范围可以设置为90Vac～130Vac，高压预设范围可以设置为180Vac～264Vac，但是本申请实施例不作任何限定。由于一级变换电路的工作模式至少可以包括全桥模式和半桥模式，其中，在输入的交流电压满足90Vac～130Vac时，一级变换电路可以工作在全桥模式，以得到第二脉动直流电压；在输入的交流电压满足180Vac～264Vac时，一级变换电路可以工作在半桥模式，以得到第二脉动直流电压。
还需要说明的是，一级变换电路的工作模式并不局限于全桥模式和半桥模式，也可以是其他工作模式的开关电源电路，只要实现需求的电压变换即可，本申请实施例并不作具体限定。
进一步地，供电电源还可以包括二极变换电路，用以对第二脉动直流电压进行电压变换，以得到稳定的目标直流电压。因此，在一些实施例中，在所述得到第二脉动直流电压之后，该方法还可以包括：
控制所述二极变换电路对所述第二脉动直流电压进行转换，得到稳定的目标直流电压。
需要说明的是，二极变换电路少包括下述其中一种：Boost电路、Buck电路、Buck-Boost电路和LDO电路。
在一些实施例中，所述控制所述二极变换电路对所述第二脉动直流电压进行转换，得到稳定的目标直流电压，可以包括：
在所述第二脉动直流电压低于目标直流电压时，通过所述二极变换电路对所述第二脉动直流电压进行升压变换，得到所述目标直流电压；
在所述第二脉动直流电压高于目标直流电压时，通过所述二极变换电路对所述第二脉动直流电压进行降压变换，得到所述目标直流电压；
在所述第二脉动直流电压等于目标直流电压时，通过所述二极变换电路对所述第二脉动直流电压进行稳压变换，得到所述目标直流电压。
也就是说，当第二脉动直流电压低于目标直流电压时，这时候二极变换电路可以为Boost电路，用以对所述第二脉动直流电压进行升压变换，得到目标直流电压；当第二脉动直流电压高于目标直流电压时，这时候二极变换电路可以为Buck电路，用以对所述第二脉动直流电压进行降压变换，得到目标直流电压；当第二脉动直流电压等于目标直流电压时，这时候二极变换电路可以为LDO电路，用以对所述第二脉动直流电压进行稳压变换，得到目标直流电压；此外，甚至二极变换电路还可以为Buck-Boost电路，用以将高于、低于或等于目标直流电压的直流电压转换为稳定的目标直流电压输出。
在本申请实施例中，为了提供稳定的目标直流电压输出，且实现高效率、小体积的设计，供电电源可以采用两级电路架构。其中，第一级为一极变换电路，用以将高压脉动直流电压转换为低压脉动直流电压输出；第二级为二极变换电路，用以低压脉动直流电压转换为稳定的目标直流电压输出。需要注意的是，对于填谷电路的电容填谷技术，该供电电源也可以适用于单级电路，如在第一脉动直流电压之后，可以仅存在一极变换电路或者仅存在二极变换电路，本申请实施例不作任何限定。
本实施例提供了一种电源提供方法，应用于供电电源。通过控制整流电路对输入的交流电压进行电压变换，得到第一脉动直流电压；控制填谷电路在所述整流电路输出的所述第一脉动直流电压在第一预设区间时，通过至少一个储能电容储能；在所述整流电路输出的所述第一脉动直流电压 低于预设阈值时，通过所述至少一个储能电容提供能量，以升高所述第一脉动直流电压的波谷电压；其中，所述填谷电路包括所述至少一个储能电容。这样，通过采用电容填谷技术，所得到的目标整流电压可以保证输出电压的稳定度；而且由于这至少一个储能电容的受控放电，使得电容储能能力利用充分，线路简洁，可靠性相对较高；同时可以减小供电电源的体积，有利于实现供电电源的小巧轻便设计。
可以理解，本申请实施例的供电电源20可以是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法实施例的各步骤可以通过供电电源20中硬件的集成逻辑电路结合软件形式的指令完成。基于这样理解，本申请技术方案的部分功能可以以软件产品的形式体现出来。因此，本实施例提供了一种计算机存储介质，该计算机存储介质存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被执行时实现前述实施例中所述电源提供方法的步骤。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本申请中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
需要说明的是，在本申请中，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者装置所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括该要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置中还存在另外的相同要素。
上述本申请实施例序号仅仅为了描述，不代表实施例的优劣。
本申请所提供的几个方法实施例中所揭露的方法，在不冲突的情况下可以任意组合，得到新的方法实施例。
本申请所提供的几个产品实施例中所揭露的特征，在不冲突的情况下可以任意组合，得到新的产品实施例。
本申请所提供的几个方法或设备实施例中所揭露的特征，在不冲突的情况下可以任意组合，得到新的方法实施例或设备实施例。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。
工业实用性
本申请实施例中，该供电电源可以包括整流电路和填谷电路；其中，整流电路，用于对输入的交流电压进行电压变换，得到第一脉动直流电压；填谷电路，包括至少一个储能电容，用于在所述整流电路输出的所述第一脉动直流电压在第一预设区间时，通过所述至少一个储能电容储能；在所述整流电路输出的所述第一脉动直流电压低于预设阈值时，通过所述至少一个储能电容提供能量，以升高所述第一脉动直流电压的波谷电压。这样，通过采用电容填谷技术，可以保证输出电压的稳定度；而且由于这至少一个储能电容的受控放电，使得电容储能能力利用充分，线路简单、可靠性高；同时可以减小供电电源的体积，有利于实现供电电源的小巧轻便设计。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种供电电源，所述供电电源包括：
    整流电路，用于对输入的交流电压进行电压变换，得到第一脉动直流电压；
    填谷电路，包括至少一个储能电容，用于在所述整流电路输出的所述第一脉动直流电压在第一预设区间时，通过所述至少一个储能电容储能；在所述整流电路输出的所述第一脉动直流电压低于预设阈值时，通过所述至少一个储能电容提供能量，以升高所述第一脉动直流电压的波谷电压。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的供电电源，其中，所述供电电源还包括：
    一级变换电路，与所述整流电路连接，用于对所述第一脉动直流电压进行电压变换，得到第二脉动直流电压；
    二级变换电路，与所述一级变换电路连接，用于对所述第二脉动直流电压进行变换，得到稳定的目标直流电压。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的供电电源，其中，所述填谷电路还包括控制开关；其中，所述至少一个储能电容的一端与所述控制开关的一端连接，所述至少一个储能电容的另一端与所述整流电路的正向输出端连接，所述控制开关的另一端与所述整流电路的负向输出端连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的供电电源，其中，
    所述填谷电路，用于接收控制信号；并根据所述控制信号，通过控制所述控制开关的闭合和断开对所述第一脉动直流电压进行调整，以升高所述第一脉动直流电压的波谷电压。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的供电电源，其中，
    所述填谷电路，具体用于在检测到所述第一脉动直流电压上升到所述第一预设区间的下限值时，控制所述控制开关处于闭合状态，以通过所述至少一个储能电容储存能量；在检测到所述第一脉动直流电压上升到所述第一预设区间的上限值时，控制所述控制开关处于断开状态，以保持所述至少一个储能电容的能量；在检测到所述第一脉动直流电压下降到所述预设阈值时，控制所述控制开关处于闭合状态，通过所述至少一个储能电容提供能量以升高所述第一脉动直流电压的波谷电压。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的供电电源，其中，所述一级变换电路包括至少一个开关管、变压器和整流二极管；其中，
    所述一级变换电路，用于通过控制所述至少一个开关管的工作状态，对所述第一脉动直流电压进行电压变换，得到调制电压；以及通过所述变压器对所述调制电压进行电压变换，得到待整流直流电压；以及通过所述整流二极管对所述待整流直流电压进行电压变换，得到所述第二脉动直流电压。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的供电电源，其中，所述一级变换电路的工作模式至少包括全桥模式和半桥模式；其中，
    所述一级变换电路，具体用于在输入的交流电压满足低压预设范围时，控制所述至少一个开关管工作在全桥模式；在输入的交流电压满足高压预设范围时，控制所述至少一个开关管工作在半桥模式。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的供电电源，其中，所述二级变换电路至少包括下述其中一种：升压Boost电路、降压Buck电路、升降压Buck-Boost电路和低压差线性稳压LDO电路。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的供电电源，其中，
    所述二级变换电路，具体用于在所述第二脉动直流电压低于目标直流电压时，对所述第二脉动直流电压进行升压变换，得到所述目标直流电压；在所述第二脉动直流电压高于目标直流电压时，对所述第二脉动直流电压进行降压变换，得到所述目标直流电压；在所述第二脉动直流电压等于目标直流电压时，对所述第二脉动直流电压进行稳压变换，得到所述目标直流电压。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9任一项所述的供电电源，其中，所述至少一个电容均为片式多层陶瓷电容器。
  11. 一种电源提供方法，所述方法包括：
    控制整流电路对输入的交流电压进行电压变换，得到第一脉动直流电压；
    控制填谷电路在所述整流电路输出的所述第一脉动直流电压在第一预设区间时，通过至少一个储能电容储能；在所述整流电路输出的所述第一脉动直流电压低于预设阈值时，通过所述至少一个储能电容提供能量，以升高所述第一脉动直流电压的波谷电压；其中，所述填谷电路包括所述至少一个储能电容。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其中，所述填谷电路还包括控制开关，所述至少一个储能电容与所述控制开关连接；
    所述控制填谷电路在所述整流电路输出的所述第一脉动直流电压在第一预设区间时，通过至少一个储能电容储能，包括：
    在检测到所述第一脉动直流电压上升到所述第一预设区间的下限值时，控制所述控制开关处于闭合状态，以通过所述至少一个储能电容储存能量；
    在检测到所述第一脉动直流电压上升到所述第一预设区间的上限值时，控制所述控制开关处于断开状态，以保持所述至少一个储能电容的能量。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中，所述在所述整流电路输出的所述第一脉动直流电压低于预设阈值时，通过所述至少一个储能电容提供能量，包括：
    在检测到所述第一脉动直流电压下降到所述预设阈值时，控制所述控制开关处于闭合状态，以通过所述至少一个储能电容提供能量。
  14. 根据权利要求12或13所述的方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    接收控制信号；
    当所述控制信号的电平值满足第一电平值时，控制所述控制开关处于闭合状态；
    当所述控制信号的电平值满足第二电平值时，控制所述控制开关处于断开状态。
  15. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其中，所述供电电源还包括一级变换电路，在得到所述第一脉动直流电压之后，所述方法还包括：
    控制所述一级变换电路对所述第一脉动直流电压进行电压变换，得到第二脉动直流电压。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其中，所述一级变换电路包括至少一个开关管、变压器和整流二极管，所述控制所述一级变换电路对所述第一脉动直流电压进行电压变换，得到第二脉动直流电压，包括：
    控制所述至少一个开关管的工作状态，对所述第一脉动直流电压进行电压变换，得到调制电压；
    控制所述变压器对所述调制电压进行电压变换，得到待整流直流电压；
    控制所述整流二极管对所述待整流直流电压进行电压变换，得到所述第二脉动直流电压。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其中，所述供电电源还包括二极变换电路，在得到所述第二脉动直流电压之后，所述方法还包括：
    控制所述二极变换电路对所述第二脉动直流电压进行转换，得到稳定的目标直流电压。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，其中，所述控制所述二极变换电路对所述第二脉动直流电压进行转换，得到稳定的目标直流电压，包括：
    在所述第二脉动直流电压低于目标直流电压时，通过所述二极变换电路对所述第二脉动直流电压进行升压变换，得到所述目标直流电压；
    在所述第二脉动直流电压高于目标直流电压时，通过所述二极变换电路对所述第二脉动直流电压进行降压变换，得到所述目标直流电压；
    在所述第二脉动直流电压等于目标直流电压时，通过所述二极变换电路对所述第二脉动直流电压进行稳压变换，得到所述目标直流电压。
  19. 根据权利要求17或18所述的方法，其中，所述二极变换电路至少包括下述其中一种：Boost电路、Buck电路、Buck-Boost电路和LDO电路。
  20. 一种计算机存储介质，其中，所述计算机存储介质存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被执行时实现如权利要求11至19任一项所述的方法。
PCT/CN2021/114120 2020-11-12 2021-08-23 一种供电电源、电源提供方法及计算机存储介质 WO2022100196A1 (zh)

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