WO2022097771A1 - Procédé d'impression 3d permettant de former une structure empilée de différents matériaux - Google Patents

Procédé d'impression 3d permettant de former une structure empilée de différents matériaux Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022097771A1
WO2022097771A1 PCT/KR2020/015358 KR2020015358W WO2022097771A1 WO 2022097771 A1 WO2022097771 A1 WO 2022097771A1 KR 2020015358 W KR2020015358 W KR 2020015358W WO 2022097771 A1 WO2022097771 A1 WO 2022097771A1
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Prior art keywords
slurry
curing
printing method
peripheral
different materials
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PCT/KR2020/015358
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
김도현
오진호
최형일
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주식회사 엠오피
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Publication of WO2022097771A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022097771A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
    • B29C64/124—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
    • B29C64/209—Heads; Nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/245—Platforms or substrates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/264—Arrangements for irradiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/321—Feeding
    • B29C64/336—Feeding of two or more materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
    • B33Y40/20—Post-treatment, e.g. curing, coating or polishing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an additive manufacturing process in which interlayer mixing is prevented, and more particularly, to a 3D printing method for forming a structure laminated with different materials without a mixing area by curing the entire surface of each layer as well as a target object. .
  • FIGS. 2(a) to 2(f) are process diagrams illustrating a 3D printing method for forming a structure laminated with different materials.
  • the structure 110 is 3D printed in such a way that each section is laminated and cured in a very thin layer.
  • the first object 110a is configured by stacking six cross-sections 111a of the first object having the same composition.
  • a layered structure having a different composition In order to form a layered structure having a different composition, different materials must be stacked for each layered structure. Although there may be various methods of stacking with different materials, a method of forming a stacked structure in which a material set for each stacked structure is discharged to one side of a stage and spread over the entire surface with a blade is suitable.
  • the first slurry 280 is discharged to one side of the stage 240 through the first nozzle 260 .
  • the blade 250 moves from one side of the stage 240 to the other side while being spaced apart from the stage 240 by a uniform distance. Due to this, the first slurry 280 is spread as a first slurry layer 281 having a thickness equal to the distance the blade 250 is spaced apart from the stage 240 . Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 2C , one end surface 211a of the first object of the first slurry layer 281 is cured, and an area other than the object 221a (hereinafter, one cross-section of the first uncured area) is not cured. put Thereafter, the steps of (a) to (c) of FIG. 2 are repeated until the first object 110a is manufactured (refer to (d) of FIG. 2).
  • the second slurry 290 is discharged to one side of the stage 240 through the second nozzle 270 in the same manner as in FIG. 2A , as shown in FIG. 2D .
  • the second slurry 290 is moved from one side of the stage 240 to the other side by a uniform distance with the blade 250 to transfer the second slurry 290 to the first object 210a. and spread over the first uncured area 220a.
  • a problem arises. This is because interlayer mixing occurs in the process of spreading the layers with the blade 250 .
  • the already hardened portion of the first object 210a is not a problem, but since the uncured first uncured region 220a is a fluid, the upper and lower layers may be mixed to form a second slurry layer mixing region 291b.
  • the thickness of the second slurry layer 290 is thin, the composition of the entire layer is changed only by a little mixing.
  • the viscosity of the second slurry 290 is high, the pressure on the upper part of the layer greatly affects the lower part, so there is a great risk of mixing.
  • the mixed region formed around the first object 210a may be pushed up on the first object 210a as well.
  • the mixed region 291b and the second slurry layer non-mixed region 292b are simultaneously present on the first object 210a. Accordingly, a heterogeneous mixed region is formed in the structure.
  • the mixed region 215b and the non-mixed region 211b simultaneously exist on one end surface of the second object even after sintering.
  • a frictional force acts on the second slurry 290 while the blade 250 moves.
  • the second slurry As the 290 flows along the blade 250, a rounding phenomenon in which the thickness of the second slurry 290 stacked on the edge of the first object 210a is locally reduced may occur. Since the rounding phenomenon may continuously occur in the process of forming the second object, it causes a problem of reducing the precision of the structure. Accordingly, technology development is required to solve the interlayer mixing problem and rounding problem of the first slurry 280 and the second slurry 290 described above.
  • An embodiment of the present invention aims to provide a 3D printing method for preventing interlayer mixing in a 3D printing method for forming a structure laminated with different materials.
  • a 3D printing method for forming a structure laminated with different materials is a first lamination step of providing a first slurry on a stage, the first A first curing step of irradiating light to the slurry to form a cross-section of a first object and a cross-section of a first peripheral object spaced apart from the first object by a predetermined distance, until the first object is formed
  • a second lamination step of providing a second slurry to cover the first object, and irradiating light to the second slurry to form a cross-section of the second object and the second A second curing step of forming a cross section of a second peripheral object spaced apart from the target by the predetermined distance, and repeating the second laminating step and the second curing step until the second target is formed.
  • the first slurry and the second slurry may have different colors.
  • the predetermined distance may have a size of 0.01 mm or more and 10 mm or less.
  • the 3D printing method may be a DLP method.
  • the thickness of one cross-section of the second slurry may be 0.1 mm or less.
  • the second lamination step may include: discharging the second slurry to one side of the stage using a nozzle; and applying the second slurry on the stage using a blade.
  • the curing time in the first curing step, may be determined according to the type of the first slurry, and in the second curing step, the curing time may be determined according to the second slurry.
  • the 3D printing method may separate the object and the surrounding object after the steps of repeating the second lamination step and the second curing step are completed.
  • the first curing step includes curing the first peripheral object in the form of a plurality of pieces
  • the second curing step includes curing the second peripheral object in a plurality of pieces. It may include a step of curing in the form of a piece.
  • the first curing step includes curing the first peripheral object into a piece in which an area close to the first object is smaller than an area far from the first object
  • the second curing step may include curing the second peripheral object into a piece in which an area close to the second object is smaller than an area far from the second object.
  • an embodiment of the present invention has an effect of facilitating separation of an object and a peripheral object.
  • 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a multi-component laminate structure.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a 3D printing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is an example of a plan view of a laminate molded by the 3D printing method of FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 6 is an example according to a plan view of a laminate molded by the 3D printing method of FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 7 is another example of a plan view of a laminate molded by the 3D printing method of FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an artificial tooth laminated with different materials molded by a 3D printing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 3D printing is also referred to as additive manufacturing, and refers to a method of manufacturing an article by laminating a plurality of layers and curing a portion of each layer according to the shape of the object to be manufactured.
  • structure refers to a structure to be manufactured.
  • n-th object refers to a continuous portion of the same composition constituting the structure, and is located at the n-th position (n is a natural number) from the bottom.
  • N-th peripheral object refers to a part that is molded from the same material as the n-th object at the same height as the n-th object, but does not correspond to the structure.
  • one cross-section means a layer corresponding to the cross-section of the n-th object and the n-th peripheral object.
  • the “n-th slurry” means a suspension as a raw material of the material constituting the n-th object and the n-th peripheral object.
  • the suspension may have a composition in which microparticles of ceramic, metal, or polymer are mixed with a photocurable monomer.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and the suspension may have a composition in which a microcapsule-type filler containing a functional material therein is mixed with a photocurable monomer.
  • the composition may be a ratio for each component of the suspension, and properties of the suspension and the cured object and surrounding may be different depending on the composition.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a 3D printing method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIGS. 4 (a) to (f) are step-by-step schematic diagrams for explaining the 3D printing method of FIG. 3 .
  • a 3D printing method for forming a structure laminated with different materials according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4 .
  • the 3D printing method for forming a structure laminated with different materials according to the present invention includes a first lamination step ( S310 ) of providing a first slurry layer on a stage, and light on the first slurry layer.
  • a second curing step (S350) of forming a cross section of a second peripheral object spaced apart from the target by a predetermined distance, and repeating the second laminating step and the second curing step until the second target is formed (S360) includes
  • the first stacking step S310 is the same as described with reference to FIG. 2 .
  • the first slurry 280 is discharged to one side of the stage 240 using the first nozzle 260 , and the first slurry 280 is discharged using the blade 250 . ) on the stage 240 to form a first slurry layer 281 .
  • the first curing step (S320) includes a cross section 411a of the first object of the first slurry 280 applied in the first lamination step (S310), and a preset in the first object.
  • the remaining portion except for the distance (hereinafter, one cross-section of the first peripheral object, 421a) is cured. Accordingly, a portion corresponding to within a predetermined distance from one end surface 411a of the first object remains in an uncured fluid state.
  • the DLP method is suitable for the curing method in the present invention.
  • the DLP method generates two-dimensional cross-sectional data for each layer by slicing the data produced in 3D, and based on the two-dimensional cross-sectional data, projects a high-resolution projection light onto a photocurable resin to harden the layers. . Since the present invention hardens most areas of the surface, the time required for curing is greatly increased when using a point-hardening 3D printing technique. Even if this is increased, it is advantageous because the time required for curing is almost equal.
  • the first stacking step S310 and the first curing step S320 are repeated until the first object 410a is completed.
  • the first object 410a and the first peripheral object 420a are It may be separated by a region separated by a predetermined distance from the first object 410a.
  • the predetermined distance spaced apart is longer than 0.01 mm. If it is narrower than this, the first object 410a and the first peripheral object 420a are not clearly separated, or it is difficult to separate after completion.
  • the second lamination step (S340) is a step of discharging the second slurry 290 to one side of the stage 240 using the second nozzle 270 and the blade 250 as shown in FIGS. 4(d) and (e). ) to apply the second slurry 290 on the stage 240 .
  • the first object 410a and the first peripheral object 420a to which the second slurry 290 is applied are both cured, they do not have fluidity. Therefore, mixing does not occur in the corresponding area during the coating process. However, since a portion corresponding to within a predetermined distance from the first object 410a is not cured, the first slurry 280 and the second slurry 290 may be mixed.
  • the predetermined distance spaced apart from the first object 410a in which curing does not occur is 10 mm or less. This is because mixing occurs more easily as the area where the flow occurs is widened, so if there is an uncured area in an area wider than 10 mm, mixing may occur in that area.
  • the second nozzle 270 may be the same nozzle as the first nozzle 260 .
  • the second slurry 290 is injected into the nozzle, and a portion of the remaining first slurry 280 remaining in the nozzle is stirred with the second slurry 290 .
  • a sequential change in composition can be induced.
  • the second curing step ( S350 ) includes a cross-section 411b of the second object of the second slurry layer 291 applied in the second lamination step ( S340 ), and one of the second objects.
  • the remaining portion spaced apart by a predetermined distance from the cross-section 411b (hereinafter, one cross-section of the second peripheral object, 421b) is cured. Accordingly, a portion corresponding to within a predetermined distance from one end face 411b of the second object is not cured and remains in a fluid state.
  • the curing time is determined according to the type of the first slurry ( 280 ), and in the second curing step ( S350 ), the curing time is determined according to the second slurry ( 290 ).
  • the first slurry 280 and the second slurry 290 may be of different types, and the curing time may be different depending on the type of slurry. For example, when the color of the first slurry 280 is white and the second slurry 290 is colored, the curing time of the first slurry 280 may be shorter than that of the second slurry 290 .
  • the second laminating step (S340) and the second curing step (S350) are repeated until the second object is completed.
  • S360 Accordingly, the first object 410a, the second object, and the first peripheral object 420a are repeated. and the second peripheral object may be separated by a region separated by a predetermined distance from the first object 410a and the second object.
  • An n-th object may be further manufactured in the same manner.
  • the n-th object is formed apart from the n-th object by a predetermined distance, and the n-th object and the n-th object are spaced apart, so the first object 410a to the n-th object and the first peripheral object 420a to nth peripheral objects may be separated.
  • FIG. 5 is an example of a plan view of a laminate molded by the 3D printing method of FIG. 3 .
  • the side surfaces of the first to n-th objects 510 must form a closed curved surface. Accordingly, the regions spaced apart by a predetermined distance from the first to n-th objects 510 form a closed curve dividing the first to n-th objects 510 and their periphery 520 in a plan view. Accordingly, the first to n-th objects 510 may be separated from the first to n-th peripheral objects 520 .
  • FIG. 6 is an example according to a plan view of a laminate molded by the 3D printing method of FIG. 3 .
  • the first to n-th peripheral objects are a plurality of peripheral pieces. 610 may be formed.
  • the peripheral piece 610 may be formed in such a way that the space between it and the neighboring peripheral piece 610 is not cured in the curing step.
  • the structure When the structure is manufactured through the process of FIGS. 3 to 4 , it is easy to manufacture the structure in a form surrounded by the first to n-th surrounding materials as shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the structure may become a structure in which the structure is trapped by the periphery, or damage to the structure that may occur in the process of removing the periphery may occur.
  • the first to n-th peripheral objects and the first to n-th objects 510 are engaged with each other to form the first to n-th objects.
  • the first to nth peripheral objects may be difficult to separate the first to nth peripheral objects from the first to nth objects 510 .
  • the first to n-th peripheral objects are composed of a plurality of pieces 610 as shown in FIG. 6
  • the first to n-th objects 510 are formed by removing the pieces 610 of the periphery without interfering with the sides. Since it can be easily removed, a structure having a complicated external shape can be stably formed.
  • FIG. 7 is another example of a plan view of a laminate molded by the 3D printing method of FIG. 3 .
  • the first to n-th objects 510 close to the area are provided with a small piece 710 near the peripheral object, and the area far from the structure is relatively large.
  • a peripheral distant piece 720 may be provided.
  • the uncured region dividing each peripheral piece may serve as a buffer for absorbing a force applied when separating the peripheral pieces. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7 , by varying the sizes of the part close to the structure and the part farther away, it is possible to increase the safety at the time of separation by increasing the density of the buffer part near the structure where the force must be sufficiently absorbed.
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an artificial tooth laminated with different materials molded by a 3D printing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Artificial teeth are made of ceramic materials such as zirconia. Artificial teeth are configured to have different colors for each object stacked in order to imitate the color of real teeth. By preparing slurries as a suspension in which zirconia powder with different pigments is suspended in a photocurable monomer, objects are sequentially stacked with a slurry suitable for each stacking order, and sintered to produce artificial teeth with a color similar to that of real teeth.
  • the present invention by sintering not only the target material but also the surrounding material, interlayer mixing of the target material is prevented even when the composition is changed during lamination.
  • a peripheral object by forming a peripheral object into a plurality of pieces, there is an effect of easily separating an object and a peripheral object after curing, and minimizing damage to the object during separation.
  • interlayer mixing can be minimized in the lamination process, and mixing can be suppressed even when the lamination thickness is sufficiently thin or the viscosity of the slurry is increased. Accordingly, the quality and sophistication of the laminated structure composed of different materials may be improved.
  • the 3D printing method of the present invention can be applied to any area for producing a multi-color or multi-component laminate structure.
  • the 3D printing method of the present invention can be applied to artificial teeth manufactured by 3D printing.

Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte à un procédé d'impression 3D permettant de former une structure empilée de différents matériaux, comprenant : une première étape d'empilement consistant à fournir une première suspension épaisse sur un étage ; une première étape de durcissement consistant à émettre de la lumière au niveau de la première suspension épaisse pour former une section transversale d'un premier objet cible et une section transversale d'un premier objet périphérique espacé d'une distance prédéterminée de la première cible ; une étape de réalisation répétée de la première étape d'empilement et de la première étape de durcissement jusqu'à ce que le premier objet cible soit formé ; une seconde étape d'empilement consistant à fournir une seconde suspension épaisse de sorte que le premier objet cible soit recouvert ; une seconde étape de durcissement consistant à émettre de la lumière au niveau de la seconde suspension épaisse pour former une section transversale d'un second objet cible et une section transversale d'un second objet périphérique espacé d'une distance prédéterminée du premier objet cible ; et une étape de réalisation répétée de la seconde étape d'empilement et de la seconde étape de durcissement jusqu'à ce que le second objet cible soit formé.
PCT/KR2020/015358 2020-11-03 2020-11-05 Procédé d'impression 3d permettant de former une structure empilée de différents matériaux WO2022097771A1 (fr)

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KR1020200145250A KR102341208B1 (ko) 2020-11-03 2020-11-03 상이한 소재로 적층된 구조체를 형성하기 위한 3d 프린팅 방법

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JPH0891940A (ja) * 1994-09-21 1996-04-09 Toshiba Ceramics Co Ltd セラミックスの光学的成形法
JP2012040727A (ja) * 2010-08-17 2012-03-01 Seiko Epson Corp 造形方法
JP2014236169A (ja) * 2013-06-05 2014-12-15 住友重機械工業株式会社 薄膜形成方法及び薄膜形成装置
WO2017110001A1 (fr) * 2015-12-25 2017-06-29 技術研究組合次世代３Ｄ積層造形技術総合開発機構 Dispositif de fabrication additive tridimensionnelle, procédé de commande de dispositif de fabrication additive tridimensionnelle, et programme de commande de dispositif de fabrication additive tridimensionnelle
KR20180109042A (ko) * 2017-03-24 2018-10-05 한국기계연구원 다종 소재용 3d 프린팅 장치 및 다종 소재 3d 프린팅 방법

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