WO2022095339A1 - 一种小型遥控挖穴机 - Google Patents

一种小型遥控挖穴机 Download PDF

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WO2022095339A1
WO2022095339A1 PCT/CN2021/087443 CN2021087443W WO2022095339A1 WO 2022095339 A1 WO2022095339 A1 WO 2022095339A1 CN 2021087443 W CN2021087443 W CN 2021087443W WO 2022095339 A1 WO2022095339 A1 WO 2022095339A1
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bracket
controlled
burrowing
tractor
hoisting
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PCT/CN2021/087443
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邓怡国
陈沛民
曾志强
刘青
王业勤
张园
燕波
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中国热带农业科学院农业机械研究所
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Publication of WO2022095339A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022095339A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
    • A01C5/04—Machines for making or covering holes for sowing or planting
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
    • G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C23/00—Non-electrical signal transmission systems, e.g. optical systems
    • G08C23/04—Non-electrical signal transmission systems, e.g. optical systems using light waves, e.g. infrared

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting hole-digging machinery, in particular to a small remote-controlled hole-digging machine.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a small remote-control burrowing machine, which can be used in hills and mountains, and can reduce labor intensity and improve operation safety and efficiency through remote-control operation.
  • the present invention provides the following scheme:
  • the invention discloses a small remote-controlled burrowing machine, comprising:
  • bracket is mounted on the tractor
  • the outriggers are mounted on the brackets for supporting on the ground;
  • the hydraulic motor is installed on the sliding table, and the hydraulic motor is connected with the hydraulic system of the tractor through a high-pressure hydraulic pipe;
  • a burrowing drill bit the tip of the burrowing drill bit is facing downward, and the power output end of the hydraulic motor is drivingly connected with the burrowing drill bit;
  • the lift drive device is used to drive the vertical movement of the sliding table
  • a remote control which is used to control the actions of the hydraulic motor, the lift drive and the tractor.
  • the support includes a bottom support, a connecting support and a top support
  • the bottom support includes a connecting support arm
  • one end of the connecting support arm is hinged with the matching connection position on the tractor, and the two ends of the connecting support They are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom bracket and the top bracket.
  • an air spring is also included, two ends of the air spring are hinged with the connecting bracket and the tractor, respectively, and a bracket connecting seat for connecting the air spring is provided on the connecting bracket.
  • the hoisting drive device includes a hoisting motor, a hoisting motor governor, a cable, a coupling, a cable drum and a hoisting wire rope, and the hoisting motor is electrically connected to the hoisting motor governor.
  • the hoisting motor governor is electrically connected to the power supply output end of the tractor through the cable, the hoisting motor governor is controlled by the remote controller, and one end of the coupling is connected to the power supply output end of the tractor.
  • the output shaft of the hoisting motor is fixedly connected, and the other end of the coupling is fixedly connected to the wire arranging roller, the wire arranging roller is rotatably mounted on the top bracket, and the hoisting steel rope is wound around the On the wire arrangement drum, one end of the hoisting wire rope is fixed on the bottom bracket, and the other end of the hoisting wire rope is fixed on the sliding table.
  • the bottom bracket is provided with a bottom dead center switch
  • the top bracket is provided with a top dead center stop switch.
  • the bottom dead center is triggered.
  • the switch controls the hoisting motor to reverse, and when the sliding table moves up to the highest point, the top dead center stop switch is triggered to control the hoisting motor to stop.
  • the bottom bracket includes a bracket connection nut, and the support leg is threadedly connected with the bracket connection nut.
  • the upper part of the leg is a crank handle.
  • the power source of the small remote-control burrowing machine of the present invention is a matching tractor, and by matching the corresponding tractor, the operator can perform remote-control operation within a certain range, thereby reducing labor intensity and improving production efficiency.
  • the small remote-controlled burrower is easy to disassemble and assemble, and can be quickly installed on the matching tractor.
  • Fig. 1 is the front structure schematic diagram of the small-scale remote-controlled burrowing machine of the present embodiment
  • Fig. 2 is the side structure schematic diagram of the small remote-controlled burrowing machine of the present embodiment
  • Fig. 3 is the connection schematic diagram of the small remote-controlled burrower of the present embodiment and the supporting tractor;
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a small remote-controlled burrowing machine, which can reduce labor intensity and improve working efficiency by means of remote-controlled operation.
  • the present embodiment provides a small remote-controlled burrowing machine, including a bracket 3, outriggers 1, a guide rail 5, a sliding table 6, a hydraulic motor 11, a burrowing bit 4, a lifting drive device and Remote control 22.
  • the bracket 3 is installed on the tractor 20; the outrigger 1 is installed on the bracket 3 for supporting on the ground; the guide rail 5 is vertically fixed on the bracket 3; the sliding table 6 is slidably installed on the guide rail 5;
  • the hydraulic motor 11 is installed on the sliding table 6, and the hydraulic motor 11 is connected with the hydraulic system of the tractor 20 through the high-pressure hydraulic pipe 21;
  • the driving device is used to drive the sliding table 6 to move vertically;
  • the remote control 22 is used to control the actions of the hydraulic motor 11 , the lift driving device and the tractor 20 .
  • the tractor 20 When the small remote-controlled burrowing machine of this embodiment is in use, the tractor 20 is moved to a designated position by the remote controller 22, then the outriggers 1 are erected on the bottom surface, the hydraulic motor 11 is turned on by the remote controller 22, and the burrowing bit 4 starts. Rotate, and then control the lift drive device through the remote control 22, so that the sliding table 6 moves downward, and drives the burrowing drill bit 4 to move downward synchronously, so as to realize the burrowing action.
  • the bracket 3 includes a bottom bracket, a connecting bracket and a top bracket
  • the bottom bracket includes a connecting arm 12
  • one end of the connecting arm 12 is hinged with the matching connection position 18 on the tractor 20, and the two ends of the connecting bracket are respectively connected to the bottom
  • the bracket and the top bracket are fixedly connected.
  • an air spring 14 is also included. Both ends of the air spring 14 are hinged with the connecting bracket and the tractor 20 respectively.
  • the connecting bracket is provided with a bracket connecting seat 15 for connecting the air spring 14 .
  • the air spring 14 can play a role of buffering and shock absorption.
  • the lifting driving device includes a hoisting motor 8, a hoisting motor speed regulator 7, a cable 19, a coupling 9, a wire arranging roller 10 and a hoisting motor. Wire rope 16.
  • the hoisting motor 8 is electrically connected to the hoisting motor governor 7
  • the hoisting motor governor 7 is electrically connected to the power supply output end of the tractor 20 through the cable 19
  • the hoisting motor governor 7 is controlled by the remote controller 22 .
  • One end of the coupling 9 is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the hoisting motor 8
  • the other end of the coupling 9 is fixedly connected with the wire arranging roller 10 .
  • the wire arrangement drum 10 is rotatably installed on the top bracket, the hoisting wire rope 16 is wound on the wire arrangement drum 10, one end of the hoisting wire rope 16 is fixed on the bottom bracket, and the other end of the hoisting wire rope 16 is fixed on the sliding table 6 superior.
  • the hoisting motor 8 When the hoisting motor 8 is working, the wire arranging drum 10 is driven to rotate by the coupling 9, the wire arranging drum 10 winds the hoisting wire rope 16, and lifts or lowers the sliding table 6 fixed at one end of the hoisting wire rope 16, thereby The burrowing drill bit 4 is driven to move up and down synchronously.
  • the hoisting motor governor 7 can be controlled by the remote controller 22, so as to adjust the lifting and lowering speed of the sliding table 6 to achieve rapid lifting and slow lowering.
  • the bottom bracket of this embodiment is provided with a bottom dead center switch 13
  • the top bracket is provided with a top dead center stop switch 17 .
  • the bottom bracket of this embodiment includes a bracket connection nut 2 , and the outriggers 1 and the bracket connection nut 2 are threadedly connected.
  • the upper part of the outrigger 1 is a rocking handle to facilitate the rotation of the outrigger 1 .

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

一种小型遥控挖穴机，包括支架（3）、支腿（1）、导向滑轨（5）、滑台（6）、液压马达（11）、挖穴钻头（4）、升降驱动装置和遥控器（22）。其中，支架（3）安装于拖拉机（20）上，支腿（1）安装于支架（3）上，用于支撑在地面上；导向滑轨（5）竖直固定于支架（3）上；滑台（6）滑动安装于导向滑轨（5）上；液压马达（11）安装于滑台（6）上，液压马达（11）通过高压液压管（21）与拖拉机（20）的液压系统连接；挖穴钻头（4）尖端朝下，液压马达（11）的动力输出端与挖穴钻头（4）传动连接；升降驱动装置用于驱动滑台（6）竖向运动；遥控器（22）用于控制液压马达（11）、升降驱动装置和拖拉机（20）的动作。

Description

一种小型遥控挖穴机 技术领域
本发明涉及农业种植挖穴机械技术领域，特别是涉及一种小型遥控挖穴机。
背景技术
在植树造林、园林移栽及挖穴施肥等农业生产活动过程中，一般需要先进行挖穴作业，再将需要种植的苗木放入提前挖好的洞穴中进行种植。一般挖穴操作为人工操作或者使用手提式机械挖穴机操作，这些操作劳动强度大，效率不高。现有的挖穴设备常见为两种类型，第一种类型为轮式载人乘坐式拖拉机带动悬挂式挖穴机，第二种为人工手提式挖穴机；天然橡胶和南方果树及林木大部分种植在丘陵山区，坡度较大，海拔较高，道路狭小，乘坐式拖拉机难以行进，手提式挖穴机重量较大，人长时间挖穴操作劳动强度极大。内蒙古张浩研究了悬挂式挖穴机(专利号为：ZL02233691.5的中国专利)，采用“人”字型机架，挖穴机机架与配套拖拉机通过中央拉杆孔铰接，配套拖拉机常见为轮式中大型拖拉机，难以适应于有一定坡度的山地丘陵地区；福建省林业科学研究院的李炳生等人研究了手提式挖穴机(专利号为：ZL00220714.1的中国专利)，由机架上的汽油机带动挖穴钻头进行挖穴，机架上安装有手持手柄，挖穴时由人工握持手柄进行作业，挖完一个穴时再人工将挖穴机从洞穴中提出搬运至新的挖穴位置，整机相对于人工操作重量大，存在人工劳动强度大，振动大的缺点。因此，如何提供一种能够在丘陵山地使用、显著降低劳动强度、提高作业安全和效率的挖穴机，是本领域技术人员亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种小型遥控挖穴机，能够在丘陵山地使用，并通过遥控操作的方式降低劳动强度，提高作业安全和效率。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下方案：
本发明公开了一种小型遥控挖穴机，包括：
支架，所述支架安装于拖拉机上；
支腿，所述支腿安装于所述支架上，用于支撑在地面上；
导向滑轨，所述导向滑轨竖直固定于所述支架上；
滑台，所述滑台滑动安装于所述导向滑轨上；
液压马达，所述液压马达安装于所述滑台上，所述液压马达通过高压液压管与所述拖拉机的液压系统连接；
挖穴钻头，所述挖穴钻头尖端朝下，所述液压马达的动力输出端与所述挖穴钻头传动连接；
升降驱动装置，所述升降驱动装置用于驱动所述滑台竖向运动；
遥控器，所述遥控器用于控制所述液压马达、所述升降驱动装置和所述拖拉机的动作。
优选地，所述支架包括底部支架、连接支架和顶部支架，所述底部支架包括连接支臂，所述连接支臂的一端与所述拖拉机上的配套连接位置铰接，所述连接支架的两端分别与所述底部支架、所述顶部支架固定相连。
优选地，所述连接支臂为两个且正对设置。
优选地，还包括空气弹簧，所述空气弹簧的两端分别与所述连接支架和所述拖拉机铰接，所述连接支架上设有用于连接所述空气弹簧的支架连接座。
优选地，所述升降驱动装置包括起升电机、起升电机调速器、电缆、联轴器、排线滚筒和起升钢绳，所述起升电机与所述起升电机调速器电连接，所述起升电机调速器通过所述电缆与所述拖拉机的供电输出端电连接，所述起升电机调速器由所述遥控器进行操控，所述联轴器的一端与所述起升电机的输出轴固定连接，所述联轴器的另一端与所述排线滚筒固定连接，所述排线滚筒转动安装于所述顶部支架上，所述起升钢绳缠绕于所述排线滚筒上，所述起升钢绳的一端固定于所述底部支架上，所述起升钢绳的另一端固定于所述滑台上。
优选地，所述底部支架上设有下止点换位开关，所述顶部支架上设有上止点停止开关，所述滑台向下运动至最低点时，触动所述下止点换位开 关，控制所述起升电机进行反转，所述滑台向上运动至最高点时，触动所述上止点停止开关，控制所述起升电机停转。
优选地，所述底部支架包括支架连接螺母，所述支腿与所述支架连接螺母螺纹连接。
优选地，所述支腿的上部为摇柄。
本发明相对于现有技术取得了以下技术效果：
本发明的小型遥控挖穴机的动力来源为配套的拖拉机，通过配套相应的拖拉机，使操纵人员能够在一定范围内进行遥控操作，降低劳动强度，提高生产效率。该小型遥控挖穴机拆装方便，能快速安装到配套的拖拉机上。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本实施例小型遥控挖穴机的正面结构示意图；
图2是本实施例小型遥控挖穴机的侧面结构示意图；
图3是本实施例小型遥控挖穴机与配套拖拉机的连接示意图；
附图标记说明：1-支腿；2-支架连接螺母；3-支架；4-挖穴钻头；5-导向滑轨；6-滑台；7-起升电机调速器；8-起升电机；9-联轴器；10-排线滚筒；11-液压马达；12-连接支臂；13-下止点换位开关；14-空气弹簧；15-支架连接座；16-起升钢绳；17-上止点停止开关；18-配套连接位置；19-电缆；20-拖拉机；21-高压液压管；22-遥控器。
具体实施方式
本发明的目的是提供一种小型遥控挖穴机，通过遥控操作的方式降低劳动强度，提高作业效率。
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
如图1-3所示，本实施例提供一种小型遥控挖穴机，包括支架3、支 腿1、导向滑轨5、滑台6、液压马达11、挖穴钻头4、升降驱动装置和遥控器22。
其中，支架3安装于拖拉机20上；支腿1安装于支架3上，用于支撑在地面上；导向滑轨5竖直固定于支架3上；滑台6滑动安装于导向滑轨5上；液压马达11安装于滑台6上，液压马达11通过高压液压管21与拖拉机20的液压系统连接；挖穴钻头4尖端朝下，液压马达11的动力输出端与挖穴钻头4传动连接；升降驱动装置用于驱动滑台6竖向运动；遥控器22用于控制液压马达11、升降驱动装置和拖拉机20的动作。
本实施例的小型遥控挖穴机在使用时，先通过遥控器22将拖拉机20移动至指定位置，然后将支腿1架设于底面上，通过遥控器22开启液压马达11，挖穴钻头4开始旋转，然后通过遥控器22控制升降驱动装置，使滑台6向下运动，带动挖穴钻头4同步向下运动，实现挖穴动作。
支架3的形式有多种，本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要进行选择。本实施例中，支架3包括底部支架、连接支架和顶部支架，底部支架包括连接支臂12，连接支臂12的一端与拖拉机20上的配套连接位置18铰接，连接支架的两端分别与底部支架、顶部支架固定相连。连接支臂12优选为两个，且正对设置。
本实施例中，还包括空气弹簧14，空气弹簧14的两端分别与连接支架和拖拉机20铰接，连接支架上设有用于连接空气弹簧14的支架连接座15。当拖拉机20在不平整的路面上颠簸行进时，通过空气弹簧14可起到缓冲减震的作用。
能够驱动滑台6上下运动的装置有多种，本实施例中，升降驱动装置包括起升电机8、起升电机调速器7、电缆19、联轴器9、排线滚筒10和起升钢绳16。起升电机8与起升电机调速器7电连接，起升电机调速器7通过电缆19与拖拉机20的供电输出端电连接，起升电机调速器7由遥控器22进行操控。联轴器9的一端与起升电机8的输出轴固定连接，联轴器9的另一端与排线滚筒10固定连接。排线滚筒10转动安装于顶部支架上，起升钢绳16缠绕于排线滚筒10上，起升钢绳16的一端固定于底部支架上，起升钢绳16的另一端固定于滑台6上。当起升电机8工 作时，通过联轴器9带动排线滚筒10旋转，排线滚筒10卷绕起升钢绳16，将固定在起升钢绳16一端的滑台6提升或下放，从而带动挖穴钻头4同步上下运动。通过遥控器22可对起升电机调速器起升电机调速器7进行操控，从而调整滑台6的提升与下方速度，实现快速提升和缓慢下放。
为了简化控制操作，本实施例的底部支架上设有下止点换位开关13，顶部支架上设有上止点停止开关17。滑台6向下运动至最低点时，触动下止点换位开关13，控制起升电机8进行反转；滑台6向上运动至最高点时，触动上止点停止开关17，控制起升电机8停转。因此，在确认挖穴位置后，只需启动起升电机8和液压马达11，该装置即可自动完成一个挖穴动作过程，操作过程简单方便。
为了实现支腿1的高度可调，本实施例的底部支架包括支架连接螺母2，支腿1与支架连接螺母2螺纹连接。本实施例中，支腿1的上部为摇柄，以便于旋转支腿1。
本说明书中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处。综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种小型遥控挖穴机，其特征在于，包括：
    支架，所述支架安装于拖拉机上；
    支腿，所述支腿安装于所述支架上，用于支撑在地面上；
    导向滑轨，所述导向滑轨竖直固定于所述支架上；
    滑台，所述滑台滑动安装于所述导向滑轨上；
    液压马达，所述液压马达安装于所述滑台上，所述液压马达通过高压液压管与所述拖拉机的液压系统连接；
    挖穴钻头，所述挖穴钻头尖端朝下，所述液压马达的动力输出端与所述挖穴钻头传动连接；
    升降驱动装置，所述升降驱动装置用于驱动所述滑台竖向运动；
    遥控器，所述遥控器用于控制所述液压马达、所述升降驱动装置和所述拖拉机的动作。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的小型遥控挖穴机，其特征在于，所述支架包括底部支架、连接支架和顶部支架，所述底部支架包括连接支臂，所述连接支臂的一端与所述拖拉机上的配套连接位置铰接，所述连接支架的两端分别与所述底部支架、所述顶部支架固定相连。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的小型遥控挖穴机，其特征在于，所述连接支臂为两个且正对设置。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的小型遥控挖穴机，其特征在于，还包括空气弹簧，所述空气弹簧的两端分别与所述连接支架和所述拖拉机铰接，所述连接支架上设有用于连接所述空气弹簧的支架连接座。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的小型遥控挖穴机，其特征在于，所述升降驱动装置包括起升电机、起升电机调速器、电缆、联轴器、排线滚筒和起升钢绳，所述起升电机与所述起升电机调速器电连接，所述起升电机调速器通过所述电缆与所述拖拉机的供电输出端电连接，所述起升电机调速器由所述遥控器进行操控，所述联轴器的一端与所述起升电机的输出轴固定连接，所述联轴器的另一端与所述排线滚筒固定连接，所述排线滚筒转动安装于所述顶部支架上，所述起升钢绳缠绕于所述排线滚筒上，所述起升钢 绳的一端固定于所述底部支架上，所述起升钢绳的另一端固定于所述滑台上。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的小型遥控挖穴机，其特征在于，所述底部支架上设有下止点换位开关，所述顶部支架上设有上止点停止开关，所述滑台向下运动至最低点时，触动所述下止点换位开关，控制所述起升电机进行反转，所述滑台向上运动至最高点时，触动所述上止点停止开关，控制所述起升电机停转。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的小型遥控挖穴机，其特征在于，所述底部支架包括支架连接螺母，所述支腿与所述支架连接螺母螺纹连接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的小型遥控挖穴机，其特征在于，所述支腿的上部为摇柄。
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