WO2022095267A1 - 一种新型无泵式内循环式光合生物制氢反应器 - Google Patents

一种新型无泵式内循环式光合生物制氢反应器 Download PDF

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WO2022095267A1
WO2022095267A1 PCT/CN2020/142572 CN2020142572W WO2022095267A1 WO 2022095267 A1 WO2022095267 A1 WO 2022095267A1 CN 2020142572 W CN2020142572 W CN 2020142572W WO 2022095267 A1 WO2022095267 A1 WO 2022095267A1
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barrel
reaction barrel
reaction
inner reaction
air
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French (fr)
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张志萍
张全国
荆艳艳
张浩睿
刘亮
张寰
贺超
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河南农业大学
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    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
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    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/02—Form or structure of the vessel
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    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
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    • C12M23/06—Tubular
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    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/22—Transparent or translucent parts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/34—Internal compartments or partitions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/36—Means for collection or storage of gas; Gas holders
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/38—Caps; Covers; Plugs; Pouring means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M27/00—Means for mixing, agitating or circulating fluids in the vessel
    • C12M27/02—Stirrer or mobile mixing elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
    • C12M29/24—Recirculation of gas

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of rural energy in agricultural engineering, and in particular relates to a novel non-pump type internal circulation type photosynthetic biological hydrogen production reactor.
  • the traditional methods of hydrogen production include physical and chemical methods and biological methods. Since the production of hydrogen by physical and chemical methods requires a large amount of fossil energy as the price, it not only consumes energy, but also causes environmental pollution. Therefore, more and more researches begin to focus on The direction of biological hydrogen production is moving closer.
  • Biological hydrogen production overcomes the shortcomings of traditional hydrogen production. This method of hydrogen production not only has low cost, mild reaction conditions, but also can achieve zero-emission pollution production.
  • photosynthetic hydrogen production has received extensive attention. Photosynthetic hydrogen production is the process of using photosynthetic bacteria to convert organic matter into hydrogen gas under anaerobic conditions through illumination. During the process, no oxygen is produced and there is no inhibitory effect of oxygen.
  • photosynthetic bacteria grow rapidly and can utilize a wide range of substrates. Common agricultural wastes and organic wastewater in daily life can be used as substrates. While producing hydrogen, it can also realize the recycling of wastes. Therefore, it is necessary to research and develop photosynthetic hydrogen production reactors, which is a key link in making photosynthetic hydrogen production from laboratory scale to large-scale production.
  • the present invention provides a novel pumpless internal circulation photosynthetic biological hydrogen production reactor with compact structure, small volume, convenient operation, high hydrogen production efficiency and more energy saving.
  • a novel non-pump type internal circulation type photosynthetic biological hydrogen production reactor including an outer reaction barrel, an inner reaction barrel and a gas collecting device, and the top of the outer reaction barrel is provided with a barrel cover , the top of the outer reaction barrel is open, the bottom of the inner reaction barrel is open, the diameter of the inner reaction barrel is smaller than the diameter of the outer reaction barrel, the inner reaction barrel is arranged in the outer reaction barrel, and an outer annular reaction chamber is formed between the inner reaction barrel and the outer reaction barrel,
  • the inside of the inner reaction barrel is an inner circular reaction chamber, the lower edge of the inner reaction barrel is in contact with the bottom of the outer reaction barrel, the lower part of the inner reaction barrel is provided with a liquid-permeable hole, and the top of the inner reaction barrel is provided with an air conduit, and the outlet of the air conduit extends into the At the bottom of the outer annular reaction chamber, there is an exhaust port on the barrel cover.
  • the air collecting device includes a collecting air bag, the air collecting air bag is provided with an air collecting pipe, and the air collecting pipe is connected with the exhaust port through a quick joint.
  • a set of ventilation holes are respectively provided at the front and rear of the inner reaction barrel, two air ducts are provided, and the lower air outlets of the two air ducts are located on the left and right sides of the inner reaction barrel respectively.
  • the bottom of the outer reaction barrel is fixedly provided with at least three limit blocks, and all the limit blocks are in contact with the outer circle of the inner reaction barrel.
  • the air inlet pipe is provided with a drying device and a valve, and the valve is located between the drying device and the collecting air bag.
  • the main material in the present invention is a transparent material (such as plexiglass), which is helpful for absorbing light.
  • Both the outer reaction barrel and the inner reaction barrel are cylindrical, which increases the specific surface area and provides uniform light transmission. Remove the barrel cover and add the hydrogen production reaction solution to the outer reaction barrel, adjust the reaction solution to the conditions suitable for the growth and metabolism of photosynthetic bacteria, and add the reaction substrate and photosynthetic bacteria to produce hydrogen. This is a conventional hydrogen production reaction.
  • the inner circular reaction chamber inside the inner reaction barrel is communicated with the outer annular reaction chamber through the liquid permeable hole, and the reaction liquid can enter the inner circular reaction chamber through the liquid permeation hole, and the reaction liquid in the inner circular reaction chamber produces
  • the hydrogen gas is returned down through the gas pipe to the surface of the reaction liquid in the outer annular reaction chamber, so that the reaction liquid begins to stir, which is equivalent to the hydrogen generated by the reaction liquid itself, and returns to the reaction liquid from the inner space through the gas pipe to form an inner
  • This internal circulation can provide pneumatic stirring for the reaction solution, promote the mixing of photosynthetic bacteria and substrates, improve the conversion rate of substrates, and facilitate the overflow of the generated bubbles, and the generated bubbles slowly rise to the reaction in the outer annular reaction chamber. Above the liquid level, it finally enters the gas collecting pipe through the exhaust port, and the drying device adsorbs the water vapor carried in the hydrogen, so that the dry hydrogen is merged into the inside of the collecting bag.
  • a filter screen can be set at the liquid-permeable hole, the reaction substrate cannot enter the inner circular reaction chamber in the outer annular reaction chamber, and the bubbles overflowing in the air pipe will cause the outer annular reaction chamber to stir during the stirring process of the reaction liquid in the outer annular reaction chamber.
  • the liquid in the reaction chamber is turbid than the liquid in the inner circular reaction chamber, so the external light transmittance will be worse than the internal one, which is just in line with reality.
  • the light from the annular reaction chamber enters the inner circular reaction chamber, so that the reaction liquid in the inner circular reaction chamber produces hydrogen.
  • the gas collecting device uses a collecting bag to collect hydrogen, and at the same time uses a quick connector to connect with the exhaust port on the barrel cover, which is convenient for connection. After the reaction is completed, the valve can be closed to seal the hydrogen in the gas collecting bag, which is convenient for subsequent use of hydrogen. .
  • the setting of the limit block can ensure the position of the inner reaction barrel when the outer reaction barrel is set, and ensure the stability in the process of hydrogen production by reaction.
  • Two groups of ventilation holes are respectively arranged at the front and rear of the inner reaction barrel, and the lower air outlets of the two air pipes are located on the left and right sides of the inner reaction barrel respectively, that is, the ventilation holes and the air outlet at the lower end of the air pipe are in the circumferential direction. They are arranged at intervals, which helps to improve the stirring effect of the bubbles on the reaction liquid.
  • the process of producing hydrogen in the present invention is continuous, and the hydrogen produced in the reactor can directly enter the collecting bag for collection after drying.
  • the height of the reaction liquid should not exceed the top of the inner circular reaction chamber, so that the gas pipe orifice at the top of the inner circular reaction chamber will not be sealed by the reaction liquid, and the generated hydrogen can be smoothly It enters the air duct, and then guides it down to the bottom of the reaction liquid to form a good stirring effect; secondly, there should be a certain space between the liquid level of the reaction liquid and the top of the outer reaction barrel. This space is called the gas-liquid separation area. Gas and liquid are separated in this area to prevent liquid from entering the collecting bladder.
  • the present invention is scientific in principle, simple and compact in structure, and convenient in operation.
  • the present invention changes the original power device, and creatively designs the reactor as Cylindrical shape, not only uniform light transmission, but also small footprint, and by installing an inner reaction barrel inside the outer reaction barrel, and adding two air pipes, the gas produced by itself is reintroduced into the reaction liquid to provide the reaction liquid.
  • the aerodynamic power of stirring replaces the previous power plant pump provided by the internal circulation reactor, which effectively saves energy consumption and realizes low energy consumption and high-efficiency hydrogen production.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
  • a novel pumpless internal circulation photosynthetic biological hydrogen production reactor of the present invention comprises an outer reaction barrel 1, an inner reaction barrel 2 and a gas collecting device, and the top of the outer reaction barrel 1 is provided with a barrel cover 3 , the top of the outer reaction barrel 1 is open, the bottom of the inner reaction barrel 2 is open, the diameter of the inner reaction barrel 2 is smaller than the diameter of the outer reaction barrel 1, the inner reaction barrel 2 is arranged in the outer reaction barrel 1, and the inner reaction barrel 2 and the outer reaction barrel 1 are connected.
  • An outer annular reaction chamber is formed between the inner reaction barrels 2 and the inner reaction barrel 2 is an inner circular reaction chamber. The lower edge of the inner reaction barrel 2 is in contact with the bottom of the outer reaction barrel 1.
  • the lower part of the inner reaction barrel 2 is provided with a liquid permeable hole 4. 2.
  • the top is provided with an air guide 5, the outlet of the air guide 5 extends into the bottom of the outer annular reaction chamber, the barrel cover 3 is provided with an exhaust port, the air inlet of the gas collecting device and the exhaust port on the barrel cover 3
  • the outer reaction barrel 1, the inner reaction barrel 2, the barrel cover 3 and the air pipe 5 are all made of transparent materials.
  • the air collecting device includes a collecting air bag 6 , and a collecting pipe 7 is arranged on the collecting air bag 6 , and the air collecting pipe 7 is connected with the exhaust port through a quick joint 8 .
  • One set of ventilation holes is provided at the front and the rear of the inner reaction barrel 2 respectively, and two air pipes 5 are provided.
  • the bottom of the outer reaction barrel 1 is fixedly provided with at least three limit blocks 9 , and all the limit blocks 9 are in contact with the outer circle of the inner reaction barrel 2 .
  • the air inlet pipe is provided with a drying device 10 and a valve 11 , and the valve 11 is located between the drying device 10 and the collecting bag 6 .
  • the host material in the present invention is a transparent material (such as plexiglass), which helps to absorb light.
  • Both the outer reaction barrel 1 and the inner reaction barrel 2 are cylindrical, which increases the specific surface area and transmits uniform light. Remove the barrel cover 3 and add the hydrogen production reaction solution to the outward reaction barrel 1, adjust the reaction solution to conditions suitable for the growth and metabolism of photosynthetic bacteria, and add the reaction substrate and photosynthetic bacteria to produce hydrogen. This is a conventional hydrogen production reaction.
  • the inner circular reaction chamber inside the inner reaction barrel 2 is communicated with the outer annular reaction chamber through the liquid permeable hole 4, and the reaction liquid can enter the inner circular reaction chamber through the liquid permeable hole 4, and the reaction in the inner circular reaction chamber
  • the hydrogen generated by the liquid is returned down by the gas pipe 5 to the surface of the reaction liquid in the outer annular reaction chamber, so that the reaction liquid starts to stir, which is equivalent to the hydrogen generated by the reaction liquid itself, and returns to the reaction through the gas pipe 5 from the inner space.
  • An internal circulation is formed in the liquid, which can provide pneumatic stirring for the reaction liquid, promote the mixing of photosynthetic bacteria and the substrate, improve the conversion rate of the substrate, and facilitate the overflow of the generated bubbles, and the generated bubbles slowly rise to the outer ring. Above the liquid level of the reaction liquid in the reaction chamber, it finally enters the gas collecting pipe 7 through the exhaust port.
  • a filter screen can be set at the liquid permeable hole 4, the reaction substrate cannot enter the inner circular reaction chamber in the outer annular reaction chamber, and the bubbles overflowing in the air pipe 5 will cause the reaction liquid in the outer annular reaction chamber to stir during the stirring process.
  • the liquid in the outer annular reaction chamber is turbid than the liquid in the inner circular reaction chamber, so the external light transmittance will be worse than the internal one, which is just in line with reality.
  • the light passing through the outer annular reaction chamber enters the inner circular reaction chamber, so that the reaction liquid in the inner circular reaction chamber produces hydrogen.
  • the gas collecting device adopts the collecting air bag 6 to collect hydrogen, and at the same time uses the quick joint 8 to connect with the exhaust port on the barrel cover 3, which is convenient for connection. Subsequent use of hydrogen.
  • the setting of the limit block 9 can ensure the position of the inner reaction barrel 2 when the outer reaction barrel 1 is arranged, and ensure the stability in the process of hydrogen production by reaction.
  • the two groups of ventilation holes are respectively arranged at the front and rear of the inner reaction barrel 2, and the air outlets at the lower ends of the two air pipes 5 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the inner reaction barrel 2, that is, the ventilation holes and the lower ends of the air pipes 5 exit.
  • the gas ports are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, which helps to improve the stirring effect of the bubbles on the reaction liquid.
  • the process of producing hydrogen in the present invention is continuous, and the hydrogen produced in the reactor can directly enter the collecting bag 6 for collection after drying.
  • the height of the reaction liquid should not exceed the top of the inner circular reaction chamber, so that the nozzle of the gas pipe 5 at the top of the inner circular reaction chamber will not be sealed by the reaction liquid, and the generated hydrogen can be smoothly It enters the gas pipe 5, and then guides it down to the bottom of the reaction liquid to form a good stirring effect;
  • the inner reaction barrel 2 in the present invention divides the inner space of the outer reaction barrel 1 into an outer high solid phase area and an inner low solid phase area, which solves the problems of insufficient illumination inside the common reactor; the reaction liquid in the inner reaction barrel 2 is generated
  • the hydrogen is passed into the outer reaction barrel 1, which provides stirring for the external high solid-phase reaction liquid, increases mass and light transfer, and promotes the escape of gas-phase products; the liquid-permeable holes 4 on the inner reaction barrel 2 are arranged in a staggered position. , which avoids the position of the lower port of the gas conduit 5 and avoids the turbulent flow of solid-phase substances caused by gas stirring into the inner reaction barrel 2 .
  • This embodiment does not limit the shape, material, structure, etc. of the present invention in any form, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the present invention belong to the protection of the technical solution of the present invention scope.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种新型无泵式内循环式光合生物制氢反应器，包括外反应桶、内反应桶和集气装置，外反应桶顶部设有桶盖，内反应桶设置在外反应桶内，内反应桶与外反应桶之间形成外环形反应腔室，内反应桶内部为内圆形反应腔室，内反应桶下端边沿与外反应桶底部接触，内反应桶下部设有透液孔，内反应桶顶部设有导气管，导气管的出口伸入到外环形反应腔室的底部，桶盖上设有排气口，集气装置的进气口与桶盖上的排气口连接。本发明结构简单且紧凑，操作方便，将反应器设计为圆筒形，不仅透光均匀，占地面积小，将自身所产出的气体再次导入反应液，为反应液提供搅拌的气动力，有效节省了能源消耗，实现了低能耗、高效率产氢。

Description

一种新型无泵式内循环式光合生物制氢反应器 技术领域
本发明属于农业工程中的农村能源技术领域，具体涉及一种新型无泵式内循环式光合生物制氢反应器。
背景技术
由于我国经济的快速发展，对能源的需求在不断地增长，尤其是对一次能源的需求，由此带来了严重的能源问题以及环境问题。因此，寻找一种清洁可替代能源是一项迫在眉睫的任务。然而，在诸多新兴能源中，，氢的燃烧或催化氧化后的产物是水或水蒸气，不会产生CO 2等温室气体，不仅缓解了温室效应，也不会对环境造成污染，缓解了环境污染问题，同时，氢具有较高的热值，能替代煤、石油、天然气等化石燃料，因此，氢能是一种理想的替代能源。
目前传统的制氢方法包括物理化学法和生物法，由于物理化学法制取氢气需要以大量的化石能源作为代价，不仅消耗了能源，还造成了环境污染，所以，越来越多的研究开始向生物制氢方向靠拢。生物制氢克服了传统制氢的缺点，这种方式制氢不仅成本低、反应条件温和，而且可实现零排放污染生产。在诸多生物之其中，光合制氢受到广泛的关注。光合制氢是利用光合细菌在厌氧条件下通过光照将有机物转化为氢气的过程。在过程中，没有氧气产生，不存在氧气的抑制作用。并且光合细菌生长速度快，可利用底物广泛，生活中常见的农业废弃物以及有机废水都可作为底物，在产氢的同时，也能实现对废弃物的回收利用。因此，研究并开发光合制氢反应器是必要的，是使光合制氢从实验室规模转向大规模生产的关键环节。
发明内容
本发明为了解决现有技术中的不足之处，提供一种结构紧凑、体积小、方便操作、产氢效率高、更加节能的新型无泵式内循环式光合生物制氢反应器。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用如下技术方案：一种新型无泵式内循环式光合生物制氢反应器，包括外反应桶、内反应桶和集气装置，外反应桶顶部设有桶盖，外反应桶顶部敞口，内反应桶底部敞口，内反应桶直径小于外反应桶直径，内反应桶设置在外反应桶内，内反应桶与外反应桶之间形成外环形反应腔室，内反应桶内部为内圆形反 应腔室，内反应桶下端边沿与外反应桶底部接触，内反应桶下部设有透液孔，内反应桶顶部设有导气管，导气管的出口伸入到外环形反应腔室的底部，桶盖上设有排气口，集气装置的进气口与桶盖上的排气口连接，外反应桶、内反应桶、桶盖和导气管均采用透明材料制成。
集气装置包括集气囊，集气囊上设有集气管，集气管通过快速接头与排气口连接。
透气孔在内反应桶的前部和后部分别设有一组，导气管设有两个，两个导气管的下端出气口分别位于内反应桶的左侧和右侧。
外反应桶的底部固定设有至少三个限位块，所有的限位块均与内反应桶外圆接触。
进气管上设有干燥装置和阀门，阀门位于干燥装置和集气囊之间。
采用上述技术方案，本发明中的主体材料为透明材料(如有机玻璃)，有助于吸收光线。外反应桶和内反应桶均采用圆筒形，增大了比表面积，且透光均匀。取下桶盖向外反应桶内加入制氢反应液，将反应液调至适合光合细菌生长代谢的条件，加入反应底物、光合细菌进行产氢，此为常规的制氢反应。内反应桶内部的内圆形反应腔室通过透液孔与外环形反应腔室连通，反应液可以通过透液孔进入到内圆形反应腔室，内圆形反应腔室内的反应液产生的氢气由导气管向下返回到外环形反应腔室内的反应液液面下，使反应液开始搅动，相当于是反应液本身产生的氢气，由内部空间通过导气管又回到反应液内形成一个内循环，这一内循环可以为反应液提供气力搅拌，促进光合细菌与底物的混合，提高底物转化率，且便于将生成气泡溢出，生成的气泡慢慢上升到外环形反应腔室内的反应液液面上方，最后由排气口进入到集气管，干燥装置对氢气中携带的水汽吸附，使干燥的氢气汇入到集气囊内部。
可在透液孔处设置滤网，反应底物在外环形反应腔室内不能进入到内圆形反应腔室，导气管内溢出的气泡对外环形反应腔室内反应液进行搅拌过程中，会使外环形反应腔室内的液体较内圆形反应腔室内的液体浑浊，因此外部透光性会比内部的差，这样正好符合现实，外部距离光源近，光照强度高，可增强产氢性能，透过外环形反应腔室的光进入内圆形反应腔室，使内圆形反应腔室的反应液进行产氢。
集气装置采用集气囊收集氢气，同时采用快速接头与桶盖上的排气口连接，方便连接，在反应结束后，可将阀门关闭，封闭气集气囊内的氢气，方便后续的氢气的使用。
限位块的设置，可确保内反应桶设置在外反应桶时的位置，确保反应制氢过程中的稳定性。两组透气孔分别设置在内反应桶的前部和后部，两个导气管的下端出气口分 别位于内反应桶的左侧和右侧，即透气孔和导气管的下端出气口沿圆周方向间隔布置，这样有助于提高气泡对反应液的搅拌效果。
本发明制氢气的过程是连续的，反应器内产出的氢气在干燥后可以直接进入集气囊进行收集。需要注意的是，第一，反应液高度不得超过内圆形反应腔室的顶部，这样内圆形反应腔室顶部的导气管管口不会被反应液封住，所产生的氢气可以顺利地进入导气管，再向下导入到反应液底部，形成良好的搅拌作用；第二，反应液液面要与外反应桶顶部空有一定空间，这一空间称之为气液分离区，要让气体和液体在这一区域进行分离，以防止液体进入集气囊。
综上所述，本发明原理科学，结构简单且紧凑，操作方便，在现有的内循环式反应器的发展基础上，本发明将原有的动力装置进行改变，创造性地将反应器设计为圆筒形，不仅透光均匀，而且占地面积小，并且通过在外反应桶内部安装一个内反应桶，并添加两根导气管，将自身所产出的气体再次导入反应液，为反应液提供搅拌的气动力，代替了之前内循环式反应器提供气动力的动力装置泵，有效节省了能源消耗，实现了低能耗、高效率产氢。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
如图1所示，本发明的一种新型无泵式内循环式光合生物制氢反应器，包括外反应桶1、内反应桶2和集气装置，外反应桶1顶部设有桶盖3，外反应桶1顶部敞口，内反应桶2底部敞口，内反应桶2直径小于外反应桶1直径，内反应桶2设置在外反应桶1内，内反应桶2与外反应桶1之间形成外环形反应腔室，内反应桶2内部为内圆形反应腔室，内反应桶2下端边沿与外反应桶1底部接触，内反应桶2下部设有透液孔4，内反应桶2顶部设有导气管5，导气管5的出口伸入到外环形反应腔室的底部，桶盖3上设有排气口，集气装置的进气口与桶盖3上的排气口连接，外反应桶1、内反应桶2、桶盖3和导气管5均采用透明材料制成。
集气装置包括集气囊6，集气囊6上设有集气管7，集气管7通过快速接头8与排气口连接。
透气孔在内反应桶2的前部和后部分别设有一组，导气管5设有两个，两个导气管5的下端出气口分别位于内反应桶2的左侧和右侧。
外反应桶1的底部固定设有至少三个限位块9，所有的限位块9均与内反应桶2 外圆接触。
进气管上设有干燥装置10和阀门11，阀门11位于干燥装置10和集气囊6之间。
本发明中的主体材料为透明材料(如有机玻璃)，有助于吸收光线。外反应桶1和内反应桶2均采用圆筒形，增大了比表面积，且透光均匀。取下桶盖3向外反应桶1内加入制氢反应液，将反应液调至适合光合细菌生长代谢的条件，加入反应底物、光合细菌进行产氢，此为常规的制氢反应。内反应桶2内部的内圆形反应腔室通过透液孔4与外环形反应腔室连通，反应液可以通过透液孔4进入到内圆形反应腔室，内圆形反应腔室内的反应液产生的氢气由导气管5向下返回到外环形反应腔室内的反应液液面下，使反应液开始搅动，相当于是反应液本身产生的氢气，由内部空间通过导气管5又回到反应液内形成一个内循环，这一内循环可以为反应液提供气力搅拌，促进光合细菌与底物的混合，提高底物转化率，且便于将生成气泡溢出，生成的气泡慢慢上升到外环形反应腔室内的反应液液面上方，最后由排气口进入到集气管7，干燥装置10对氢气中携带的水汽吸附，使干燥的氢气汇入到集气囊6内部。
可在透液孔4处设置滤网，反应底物在外环形反应腔室内不能进入到内圆形反应腔室，导气管5内溢出的气泡对外环形反应腔室内反应液进行搅拌过程中，会使外环形反应腔室内的液体较内圆形反应腔室内的液体浑浊，因此外部透光性会比内部的差，这样正好符合现实，外部距离光源近，光照强度高，可增强产氢性能，透过外环形反应腔室的光进入内圆形反应腔室，使内圆形反应腔室的反应液进行产氢。
集气装置采用集气囊6收集氢气，同时采用快速接头8与桶盖3上的排气口连接，方便连接，在反应结束后，可将阀门11关闭，封闭气集气囊6内的氢气，方便后续的氢气的使用。
限位块9的设置，可确保内反应桶2设置在外反应桶1时的位置，确保反应制氢过程中的稳定性。两组透气孔分别设置在内反应桶2的前部和后部，两个导气管5的下端出气口分别位于内反应桶2的左侧和右侧，即透气孔和导气管5的下端出气口沿圆周方向间隔布置，这样有助于提高气泡对反应液的搅拌效果。
本发明制氢气的过程是连续的，反应器内产出的氢气在干燥后可以直接进入集气囊6进行收集。需要注意的是，第一，反应液高度不得超过内圆形反应腔室的顶部，这样内圆形反应腔室顶部的导气管5管口不会被反应液封住，所产生的氢气可以顺利地进入导气管5，再向下导入到反应液底部，形成良好的搅拌作用；第二，反应液液面要与外反应桶1顶部空有一定空间，这一空间称之为气液分离区，要让气体和液体在这一区 域进行分离，以防止液体进入集气囊6。
本发明中的内反应桶2将外反应桶1内部空间分割成外部高固相区域和内部低固相区域，解决了常见反应器内部光照不充足等问题；内反应桶2内的反应液生成的氢气通入外反应桶1内，为外部高固相的反应液提供了搅拌，增加了传质传光，促进了气相产物的逸出；内反应桶2上的透液孔4位置交错布置，避开了导气管5下端口的位置，避免了气体搅拌造成的固相物质湍流流入内反应桶2。
本实施例并非对本发明的形状、材料、结构等作任何形式上的限制，凡是依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均属于本发明技术方案的保护范围。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种新型无泵式内循环式光合生物制氢反应器，其特征在于：包括外反应桶、内反应桶和集气装置，外反应桶顶部设有桶盖，外反应桶、内反应桶和桶盖均由透明材料制成，外反应桶顶部敞口，内反应桶底部敞口，内反应桶直径小于外反应桶直径，内反应桶设置在外反应桶内，内反应桶与外反应桶之间形成外环形反应腔室，内反应桶内部为内圆形反应腔室，内反应桶下端边沿与外反应桶底部接触，内反应桶下部设有透液孔，内反应桶顶部设有导气管，导气管的出口伸入到外环形反应腔室的底部，桶盖上设有排气口，集气装置的进气口与桶盖上的排气口连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种新型无泵式内循环式光合生物制氢反应器，其特征在于：集气装置包括集气囊，集气囊上设有集气管，集气管通过快速接头与排气口连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种新型无泵式内循环式光合生物制氢反应器，其特征在于：透气孔在内反应桶的前部和后部分别设有一组，导气管设有两个，两个导气管的下端出气口分别位于内反应桶的左侧和右侧。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种新型无泵式内循环式光合生物制氢反应器，其特征在于：外反应桶的底部固定设有至少三个限位块，所有的限位块均与内反应桶外圆接触。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的一种新型无泵式内循环式光合生物制氢反应器，其特征在于：进气管上设有干燥装置和阀门，阀门位于干燥装置和集气囊之间。
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