WO2022091910A1 - 無人配送システム及び無人配送方法 - Google Patents
無人配送システム及び無人配送方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022091910A1 WO2022091910A1 PCT/JP2021/038766 JP2021038766W WO2022091910A1 WO 2022091910 A1 WO2022091910 A1 WO 2022091910A1 JP 2021038766 W JP2021038766 W JP 2021038766W WO 2022091910 A1 WO2022091910 A1 WO 2022091910A1
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- robot
- self
- propelled
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- delivery system
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to an unmanned delivery system and an unmanned delivery method.
- a delivery system using a drone is known.
- a vehicle transports a package to the vicinity of a destination, and the package is transported from there to the destination by a drone.
- the package is finally delivered to the destination by an unmanned flying object, so it is difficult to smoothly deliver the package to the recipient as compared with the current delivery system by the vehicle and its driver.
- This disclosure is made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a delivery system and a delivery method capable of smoothly delivering a package to a recipient.
- the unmanned delivery system includes a self-propelled robot and an unmanned aerial vehicle for transporting the parcel to a point in the middle of delivering the parcel.
- a robot controller configured to control the self-propelled robot so as to deliver the baggage unloaded at the intermediate point to the delivery destination.
- the unmanned delivery system includes a self-propelled robot, an unmanned aerial vehicle for transporting the parcel and the self-propelled robot to a point in the middle of delivering the parcel, and the self-propelled robot.
- a robot controller configured to control the self-propelled robot so as to deliver the baggage unloaded at the intermediate point to the delivery destination.
- the unmanned aerial vehicle transports the package to a point in the middle of delivery
- the self-propelled robot transports the package to the point in the middle. Deliver to the destination.
- the unmanned aerial vehicle transports the package and the self-propelled robot to a point in the middle of delivering the package, and the self-propelled robot unloads the package to the point in the middle. Deliver the package to the destination.
- This disclosure has the effect of being able to provide a delivery system and delivery method that enables smooth delivery of packages to recipients.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of an unmanned delivery system according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of a detailed configuration of the operation unit of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a side view showing an example of the configuration of the self-propelled robot of FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the control system of the unmanned delivery system of FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an example of delivery data stored in the storage unit of the robot controller.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of the contents of autonomous operation / remote operation switching control.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the unmanned delivery system of FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 8A is a schematic diagram showing an example of the operation of the unmanned delivery system of FIG. 1 in order.
- FIG. 8B is a schematic diagram showing an example of the operation of the unmanned delivery system of FIG. 1 in order.
- FIG. 8C is a schematic diagram showing an example of the operation of the unmanned delivery system of FIG. 1 in order.
- FIG. 8D is a schematic diagram showing an example of the operation of the unmanned delivery system of FIG. 1 in order.
- FIG. 8E is a schematic diagram showing an example of the operation of the unmanned delivery system of FIG. 1 in order.
- FIG. 8F is a schematic diagram showing an example of the operation of the unmanned delivery system of FIG. 1 in order.
- FIG. 8G is a schematic diagram showing an example of the operation of the unmanned delivery system of FIG.
- FIG. 8H is a schematic diagram showing an example of the operation of the unmanned delivery system of FIG. 1 in order.
- FIG. 8I is a schematic diagram showing an example of the operation of the unmanned delivery system of FIG. 1 in order.
- FIG. 8J is a schematic diagram showing an example of the operation of the unmanned delivery system of FIG. 1 in order.
- FIG. 8K is a schematic diagram showing an example of the operation of the unmanned delivery system of FIG. 1 in order.
- FIG. 8L is a schematic diagram showing an example of the operation of the unmanned delivery system of FIG. 1 in order.
- FIG. 9A is a side view showing an example of the configuration of a self-propelled robot used in the unmanned delivery system according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 9A is a side view showing an example of the configuration of a self-propelled robot used in the unmanned delivery system according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 9A is a side view showing an example of the configuration of a self-
- FIG. 9B is a plan view showing an example of the configuration of a self-propelled robot used in the unmanned delivery system according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 10 is an exploded view showing an example of the configuration of a mobile robot used in the unmanned delivery system according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a first configuration and a usage mode of a self-propelled robot in which the mobile robot of FIG. 10 is configured as a delivery robot.
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a second configuration and a usage mode of the self-propelled robot in which the mobile robot of FIG. 10 is configured as a delivery robot.
- FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a third configuration and usage mode of the self-propelled robot in which the mobile robot of FIG.
- FIG. 10 is configured as a delivery robot.
- FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a first configuration and a usage mode of a high-altitude walking robot in which the mobile robot of FIG. 10 is configured as a maintenance robot.
- FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing a second configuration and a usage mode of the high-altitude walking robot in which the mobile robot of FIG. 10 is configured as a maintenance robot.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of the unmanned delivery system 100 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the unmanned delivery system 100 of the first embodiment includes an unmanned aerial vehicle 1, a self-propelled robot 2, and an operation unit 3.
- the unmanned aerial vehicle will be referred to as a drone.
- the unmanned delivery system 100 transports the parcel to a point in the middle of the delivery route from the collection / delivery base 5 to the delivery destination 4 by the drone 1, and the self-propelled robot 2 delivers the parcel unloaded at the point in the middle. It is configured to deliver to 4.
- the "self-propelled robot” may be simply referred to as a "robot”.
- a point in the middle of the delivery route means a point in the middle of delivering the package.
- the drone 1 may be any as long as it can transport the cargo to be delivered and the self-propelled robot 2.
- An airplane and a helicopter are exemplified as the drone 1.
- Airplanes include VTOL aircraft (Vertical Take-Off and Landing aircraft) as well as those that take off and land by normal gliding.
- the drone 1 is composed of a VTOL machine here.
- the drone 1 has a hangar 16 shown in FIG. 8C formed inside.
- a storage shelf 17 is arranged in the hangar 16 so as to surround the central space.
- the hangar 16 is configured such that the self-propelled robot 2 is stored in the central space and the self-propelled robot 2 can carry out the work of loading and unloading the luggage to and from the loading rack 17.
- the side wall of the rear part of the drone 1 is provided with a carry-in / out door 13 that rotates in the front-rear direction with the lower end as a fulcrum to open and close.
- the inner surface of the carry-in / out door 13 is formed flat, and when the carry-in / out door 13 opens and the tip of the door 13 lands, it becomes a carry-in / carry-out route for luggage G and the like.
- the drone 1 is provided with an elevating device 11.
- the elevating device 11 is composed of a winch here. Hereinafter, it is referred to as a winch 11.
- a drone controller 101 is arranged in the drone 1.
- the drone controller 101 includes a processor Pr3 and a memory Me3.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of a detailed configuration of the operation unit 3 of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a side view showing an example of the configuration of the self-propelled robot 2 of FIG.
- the operation unit 3 is arranged in the operation room 39.
- the location of the operation unit 3 is not particularly limited.
- the operation unit 3 operates the robot operator 31 that operates the self-propelled robot 2, the drone operator 32 that operates the drone 1, the operator display 33, the operator microphone 34, and the operator speaker 35. It is equipped with a speaker camera 36.
- the robot operator 31 includes a traveling unit operator 31A for operating the traveling unit 21 of the self-propelled robot 2 and an arm operating device 31B for operating the robot arm 22 of the self-propelled robot 2.
- the traveling unit 21 may be a dolly.
- the arm operation device 31B is provided with an operation unit for operating the display robot arm 27 that supports the customer display device 23.
- the robot operating device 31 may be composed of various operating devices. Here, for example, it is composed of a joystick.
- the robot controller 31 is arranged on the desk 37.
- the drone controller 32 is composed of, for example, various control sticks for operating an aircraft.
- the drone controller 32 is composed of a joystick-shaped control stick.
- the drone operator 32 is provided with various operation units for operating the drone 1.
- the drone controller 32 is arranged on the desk 37.
- the operator display 33 is composed of, for example, a liquid crystal display.
- the operator display 33 displays an image including information necessary to be presented to the operator P1.
- the image captured by the field-of-view camera 26 of the self-propelled robot 2 the field-of-view image captured by the field-of-view camera of the drone 1, the position, speed, fuel amount, etc. required to steer the drone 1.
- Information, navigation images, etc. are exemplified.
- the operator display 33 is arranged on the desk 37.
- the operator speaker 35 provides voice information necessary for the operator P1.
- the operator speaker 35 is configured here with headphones, but may be configured in other forms.
- the operator microphone 34 acquires the voice of the operator P1. Although the operator microphone 34 is provided in the headphone 35 here, it may be configured in another form.
- the operator camera 36 captures the operator P1.
- the operator camera 36 is provided here on the operator display 33, but may be provided at another location.
- An operation unit controller 301 is arranged on the desk 37.
- the operation unit controller 301 includes a processor Pr1 and a memory Me1.
- the operator P1 when the drone 1 is flying, the operator P1 operates the drone controller 32 with his right hand to operate the drone 1, and when the self-propelled robot 2 is operating, the operator P1 uses his left and right hands to operate the traveling unit controller 31A, respectively. And the arm controller 31B is operated to operate the self-propelled robot 2.
- the operator P1 is, for example, a courier company.
- the courier company may be, for example, a courier person in charge.
- the operator P1 may not be a delivery person but a dedicated operator.
- the robot 2 which is an example of a self-propelled robot may be a robot capable of autonomously traveling and handling luggage.
- the robot 2 includes a traveling unit 21 capable of autonomous traveling and a robot arm 22 provided on the traveling unit 21.
- the traveling unit 21 may be, for example, a dolly.
- the component that handles the luggage does not necessarily have to be a robot arm.
- the left direction and the right direction in the drawing are the front direction and the rear direction in the traveling direction, respectively.
- FIG. 3 shows the robot 2 in a simplified form.
- the robot arm 22 of the robot 2 is configured in the same manner as the dual-arm robot arm 22 of the robot 2A of the second embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B. That is, the robot arm 22 of the robot 2 is a double-armed vertical articulated robot arm.
- the robot arm 22 of the robot 2A of the second embodiment is a 4-axis vertical articulated robot arm
- the robot arm 22 of the robot 2 of FIG. 3 is a 5-axis vertical articulated robot arm. .. Referring to FIGS.
- the tips of the pair of robot arms 22 are each provided with a grip portion 221 which is a wrist portion having three claws 222, and the pair of robot arms 22 is a pair of these.
- the luggage G is gripped by the grip portion 221.
- the traveling portion of the robot 2 is actually provided with a rectangular parallelepiped vehicle body frame, and the luggage storage portion 212 is provided on the vehicle body frame so as to be movable in the front-rear direction.
- the body frame is covered with an appropriate case, and the front surface of the case is provided with an opening for the luggage storage portion 212 to enter and exit.
- the luggage accommodating portion 212 is formed in a rectangular box shape with an open upper surface, and is located at a retracted position where the front end surface is flush with the case when loading and unloading non-loading, and is designated on the front side when loading and unloading luggage.
- the portion is configured to be located in a forward position protruding forward.
- a pair of front wheels 211 and 211 and a pair of rear wheels 211 and 211 are provided on the bottom of the traveling portion 21.
- one of the pair of front wheels 211, 211 and the pair of rear wheels 211, 211 is the steering wheel, and for example, any one of the pair of front wheels 211, 211 and the pair of rear wheels 211, 211 is the drive wheel.
- a storage battery 28 and a motor are mounted on the traveling unit 21, and the motor drives the drive wheels using the storage battery 28 as a power source.
- the above-mentioned luggage accommodating portion 212 is also slid back and forth by a predetermined drive mechanism.
- a display robot arm 27 is provided behind the robot arm 22 of the traveling unit 21.
- a customer display 23 is attached to the tip of the display robot arm 27.
- a customer microphone 24, a customer speaker 25, and a field-of-view camera 26 are provided at appropriate positions on the customer display 23.
- the display robot arm 27 is composed of, for example, a vertical articulated robot arm and can take an arbitrary posture, and is a customer display 23, a customer microphone 24, a customer speaker 25, and a visibility camera. It is possible to point 26 in any direction.
- the customer display 23 is composed of, for example, a liquid crystal display. As shown in FIG. 8F, the customer display 23 displays an image containing information that needs to be presented to the recipient P2. As such an image, an image taken by the operator camera 36 and the like are exemplified.
- the customer speaker 25 provides the voice information necessary for the recipient P2.
- the voice information the voice of the operator P1 acquired by the operator microphone 34 is exemplified.
- the operator microphone 34 acquires the voice of the operator P1. Although the operator microphone 34 is provided in the headphone 35 here, it may be configured in another form.
- the operator camera 36 captures the operator P1.
- the operator camera 36 is provided here on the operator display 33, but may be provided at another location.
- the traveling unit 21 is provided with a robot controller 201.
- the robot controller 201 includes a processor Pr2 and a memory Me2.
- the robot 2 configured in this way is controlled by the robot controller 201 to be autonomously operated or remotely controlled, the luggage G is handled by the robot arm 22, and the robot 2 can be moved in a desired direction by the traveling unit 21. can.
- FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the control system of the unmanned delivery system 100 of FIG.
- the unmanned delivery system 100 includes an operation unit controller 301, a robot controller 201, and a drone controller 101.
- the operation unit controller 301 includes a robot operation signal generation unit 302, a drone operation signal generation unit 303, a display control unit 304, a microphone IF 305, a headphone IF 306, an operation unit communication unit 307, and a camera control unit 308.
- the operation unit communication unit 307 is composed of a communication device capable of data communication.
- the operation unit controller 301 is a robot operation signal generation unit 302, a drone operation signal generation unit 303, a display control unit 304, a microphone IF305, a headphone IF306, and a camera control unit 308 is an arithmetic unit having a processor Pr1 and a memory Me1. It is composed. These are functional blocks realized by the processor Pr1 executing the control program stored in the memory Me1 in this arithmetic unit. Specifically, this arithmetic unit is composed of, for example, a microcontroller, an MPU, an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), or the like.
- the robot operation signal generation unit 62 generates a robot operation signal in response to the operation of the robot operator 31.
- the drone operation signal generation unit 303 generates a drone operation signal in response to the operation of the drone operation device 32.
- the display control unit 304 causes the operator display 33 to display an image corresponding to the image signal transmitted from the operation unit communication unit 307.
- the microphone IF 305 converts the voice acquired by the operator microphone 34 into an appropriate voice signal.
- the headphone IF 306 causes the operator speaker to emit voice in response to the voice signal transmitted from the operation unit communication unit 307.
- the camera control unit 308 generates an image signal of the image captured by the operator camera 36.
- the operation unit communication unit 307 includes a robot operation signal transmitted from the robot operation signal generation unit 302, a drone operation signal transmitted from the drone operation signal generation unit 303, an audio signal transmitted from the microphone IF 305, and a camera control unit 308.
- the transmitted image signal is converted into a wireless communication signal and transmitted wirelessly.
- the operation unit communication unit 307 receives the wireless communication signal transmitted from the robot communication unit 202, converts it into an image signal or an audio signal, transmits the image signal to the display control unit 304, and transmits the audio signal to the microphone IF305. Send. Further, the operation unit communication unit 307 receives the wireless communication signal transmitted from the drone communication unit 102, converts it into an information signal, and transmits this to the display control unit 304.
- the robot controller 201 includes a robot communication unit 202, a robot control unit 203, and a storage unit 204.
- the robot communication unit 202 is composed of a communication device capable of data communication.
- the robot control unit 203 and the storage unit 204 are composed of an arithmetic unit having a processor Pr2 and a memory Me2.
- the robot control unit 203 and the storage unit 204 are functional blocks realized by the processor Pr2 executing the control program stored in the memory Me2 in this arithmetic unit.
- this arithmetic unit is composed of, for example, a microcontroller, an MPU, an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), or the like. These may be composed of a single arithmetic unit that performs centralized control, or may be configured by a plurality of arithmetic units that perform distributed control.
- the robot communication unit 202 receives the wireless communication signal transmitted from the operation unit communication unit 307, converts it into a robot operation signal, an image signal, or a voice signal, and transmits these signals to the robot control unit 203.
- the robot control unit 203 controls the operation of the robot 2 according to the robot operation signal, displays the image corresponding to the image signal on the customer display 23, and emits the voice corresponding to the voice signal to the customer speaker. Let me.
- the drone controller 101 includes a drone communication unit 102 and a drone control unit 103.
- the drone communication unit 102 is composed of a communication device capable of data communication.
- the drone control unit 103 includes a processor Pr3, a memory, and an arithmetic unit having Me3.
- the drone control unit 103 is a functional block realized by the processor Pr3 executing a control program stored in the memory Me3 in this arithmetic unit.
- this arithmetic unit is composed of, for example, a microcontroller, an MPU, an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), or the like. These may be composed of a single arithmetic unit that performs centralized control, or may be configured by a plurality of arithmetic units that perform distributed control.
- the drone communication unit 102 receives the wireless communication signal transmitted from the operation unit communication unit 65, converts it into a drone operation signal, and transmits this to the drone control unit 103. Further, the drone communication unit 102 converts the information signal transmitted from the drone control unit 103 into a wireless communication signal, and wirelessly transmits the information signal.
- the drone control unit 103 controls the operation of the drone main body 12 and the elevating device 11 of the drone 1 in response to the drone operation signal transmitted from the drone side communication unit 82.
- the drone control unit 03 sends the view image captured by the view camera of the drone 1, information such as position, speed, fuel amount, etc. necessary for maneuvering the drone 1, navigation image, etc. to the drone communication unit 102 as an information signal. Send.
- the functions of the elements disclosed herein include general-purpose processors configured or programmed to perform the disclosed functions, dedicated processors, integrated circuits, ASICs (Application Specific Integrated Circuits), conventional circuits, and /. Alternatively, it can be performed using a circuit or processing circuit that includes a combination thereof.
- a processor is considered a processing circuit or circuit because it includes transistors and other circuits.
- a "vessel" or “part” is hardware that performs the listed functions or is programmed to perform the listed functions.
- the hardware may be the hardware disclosed herein, or it may be other known hardware that is programmed or configured to perform the listed functions.
- the "vessel" or “part” is a combination of hardware and software, and the software is used to configure the hardware and / or the processor.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an example of delivery data D stored in the storage unit 204 of the robot controller 201.
- the delivery data D includes, for example, the delivery address data D1, the authentication face image data D2, and the map data D3.
- the delivery address data D1 is a list of delivery addresses.
- the face image data D2 for authentication is face image data of the recipient P2 at the delivery destination, is acquired from the delivery requester when accepting the delivery, and is stored in the storage unit 204 of the robot controller 201. This face image data for authentication is stored in association with the delivery address data D1.
- the map data D3 is used for delivery by the robot 2.
- the robot control unit 203 of the robot controller 201 switches and controls the robot 2 between autonomous operation and remote operation.
- Remote operation means operation according to the operation of the robot operator 31, specifically, the robot operation signal.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of the contents of this autonomous operation / remote operation switching control.
- the robot control unit 203 causes the robot 2 to perform autonomous operation, that is, autonomous operation (step S1).
- the robot control unit 203 determines whether or not a remote command has been input (step S2).
- the remote command is included in the robot operation signal.
- step S5 When a remote command is input (YES in step S2), the robot control unit 203 causes the robot 2 to perform remote operation, that is, remote operation (step S5).
- the robot control unit 203 determines whether or not the predetermined condition is satisfied (step S3).
- This predetermined condition is, for example, that the route to the delivery destination of the package is a rough road 6 as shown in FIG. 8F, or that a person approaches the robot 2.
- the robot control unit 203 causes the robot 2 to perform remote control, that is, remote control (step S5).
- the robot control unit 203 determines whether or not the end command has been input (step S4).
- the end command is included in the robot operation signal.
- step S4 If the end command is not included (NO in step S4), the robot control unit 203 returns this control to step S1.
- the robot control unit 203 ends this control.
- step S5 when remote control, that is, remote control, is performed in step S5, the robot control unit 203 determines whether or not an autonomous command has been input (step S6).
- the autonomous command is included in the robot operation signal.
- step S6 When the autonomous command is included (YES in step S6), the robot control unit 203 returns this control to step S1.
- the robot control unit 203 determines whether or not the authentication command has been input (step S7).
- the authentication command is included in the robot operation signal.
- step S8 the robot control unit 203 performs face recognition (step S8).
- the face recognition is performed by the robot control unit 203 collating the face image data stored in the storage unit 204 with the image of the recipient P2 captured by the visibility camera 26.
- a well-known method can be used for face recognition. Therefore, the description thereof will be omitted.
- the robot control unit 203 returns the robot 2 to the remote operation (step S5).
- the process is appropriately processed by the dialogue between the operator P1 and the recipient P2.
- step S7 when the authentication command is not input (NO in step S7), the robot control unit 203 determines whether or not the end command has been input (step S9).
- step S9 If the end command is not included (NO in step S9), the robot control unit 203 returns this control to step S5.
- the robot control unit 203 ends this control.
- the robot control unit 203 processes the image captured by the visual field camera 26 to determine whether or not a person is present in the image. Since the method of extracting a person in an image by image processing is well known, the description thereof will be omitted here.
- the robot control unit 203 moves the robot 2 in the direction opposite to the image of the person. Whether or not a person's image approaches the field of view camera is determined, for example, by the size of the person's image and the enlargement speed thereof.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the unmanned delivery system 100 of FIG. 8A to 8L are schematic views showing an example of the operation of the unmanned delivery system 100 of FIG. 1 in order.
- the drone 1 is operated by the operator P1
- the robot 2 is autonomously or remotely controlled by the robot control unit 203 of the robot controller 201.
- step S11 loading is performed at the collection / delivery base 5 (step S11). There are three modes of this loading.
- the loading / unloading door 13 of the drone 1 is opened by the operator P1, and the luggage G is carried into the drone 1 by the transport vehicle 14 through the loading / unloading door 13.
- the robot 2 gets on the drone 1 through the carry-in / out door 13.
- the luggage G is carried into the drone 1 by the transport vehicle 14 as in the first aspect.
- the robot 2 is mounted on the drone 1 by the winch 11.
- the drone 1 is put into a hovering state, that is, a stopped flight state, and the elevating door 15 is opened.
- the elevating door 15 is opened.
- hooks for hooking the tips of the wires of the winch 11 are provided.
- the robot 2 is autonomously operated and hooks the hook at the tip of the wire by itself on the hanging portion. Further, the robot 2 takes a predetermined storage posture as shown in FIG. 8B.
- sensors are provided in the four hooking portions of the traveling portion 21 of the robot 2, and the robot control unit 203 receives a signal from the sensor that the hook at the tip of the wire is hooked on the hooking portion. Confirm and know. Then, a signal to that effect is transmitted to the operation unit communication unit 307. Then, this information is displayed on the operator display 33.
- the operator P1 winds up the winch 11 and mounts the robot 2 on the drone 1. After that, the elevating door 15 is closed.
- the robot 2 accommodates the luggage G in the accommodating portion 212, and is mounted on the drone 1 by the winch 11 as in the second aspect.
- the robot 2 places the carried-in luggage G on the loading rack 17 in the hangar 16 by remote control.
- the luggage G is stored in the luggage storage unit 212 of the third aspect, the luggage G is taken out from the storage unit 212 and placed on the luggage storage shelf 17.
- the robot 2 charges the storage battery 28 from the drone 1 by autonomous operation, then fixes itself in the hangar 16 by an appropriate means, and takes the above-mentioned predetermined storage posture.
- the luggage G and the robot 2 are then airlifted (step S12).
- the package G is delivered to a plurality of destinations 4.
- unloading is performed at a point on the way to the delivery destination 4 (step S13).
- this unloading is performed by putting the drone 1 in a hovering state and lowering the robot 2 with a winch 11. This descent is performed by the operator P1 while checking the state of the ground with the field-of-view image captured by the field-of-view camera of the drone 1 displayed on the display device 33 for the operator. This is to ensure safety.
- the altitude of the drone 1 is set to be equal to or higher than a predetermined level.
- the predetermined altitude is set as appropriate, but is set to, for example, 20 m.
- the robot 2 releases the stowed posture by autonomous operation, and then stores the baggage G to be delivered in the baggage storage unit 212 by remote operation.
- the luggage G is transported by the robot 2 to the destination on the ground (step S14).
- the drone 1 waits for the return of the robot 2 in the sky.
- the robot 2 travels on the road in the suburbs while referring to the map data by autonomous driving. Then, when the rough road 6 is encountered on the way, the operation is switched to remote control, and the vehicle travels according to the operation of the operator P1.
- the robot 2 when the robot 2 arrives at the delivery destination 4, the luggage G is delivered (step S15).
- the robot 2 is switched to remote control by the operation of the operator P1, and when the recipient, that is, the customer, P2 appears by pressing the interphone of the delivery destination 4, the robot 2 has a face. Authenticate. Then, when the recipient P2 approaches, the robot 2 automatically stops and does not move unless there is a trigger. From there, the robot 2 automatically switches to remote control and hands the luggage G to the recipient P2. At this time, the robot 2 automatically takes a predetermined baggage delivery posture as shown in FIG. 8H. If the recipient P2 gets too close, the robot 2 automatically moves in the opposite direction to the recipient P2.
- the robot 2 interacts with the recipient P2.
- the robot control unit 203 emits the voice of the operator P1 acquired by the operator microphone 34 to the customer speaker 25, and displays the image of the operator P1 captured by the operator camera 36 on the customer display.
- the voice of the recipient P2 acquired by the customer microphone 24 is emitted to the operator speaker 35, and the image of the recipient P2 captured by the visibility camera 26 is displayed on the customer display 23.
- This dialogue is, for example, as follows.
- the robot 2 returns to the unloading point in the same manner as the outward route (step S16). Then, the robot 2 is mounted on the drone 1 that has been waiting (step S17). The mounting mode of the robot 2 is the same as the second mode of loading in step S11.
- the delivery destination 4 is a room of a high-rise condominium.
- the drone 1 reaches the sky above the high-rise condominium, the drone 2 lowers the robot 2 to the rooftop.
- the first descent mode is the same as when the destination 4 is in the suburbs.
- the second descent mode the drone 1 lands on the rooftop, and the robot 2 descends to the rooftop through the open loading / unloading door 13.
- the luggage G is transported by the robot 2 to the destination 4 in the condominium, that is, is transported by ground (step S14).
- the drone 1 waits for the return of the robot 2 in the sky.
- the robot 2 is remotely controlled.
- the robot 2 descends to the target floor using the elevator of the high-rise condominium.
- the elevator door is opened and closed wirelessly by the robot 2.
- Robot 2 arrives at the rooftop by autonomous driving with appropriate remote control in between. Then, the robot 2 is mounted on the drone 1 that has been waiting (step S17). The mounting mode of the robot 2 is the same as the second mode of loading in step S11.
- the robot 2 is arranged at a point on the way to the above-mentioned destination 4. In this case, the robot 2 may stay in the field or may be collected by the drone 1.
- the baggage G can be smoothly delivered to the recipient P2.
- the unmanned delivery system of the second embodiment is different from the unmanned delivery system 100 of the first embodiment in that the robot 2A is used instead of the robot 2 of the first embodiment, and the other points are the unmanned delivery system 100 of the first embodiment. It is the same.
- FIG. 9A is a side view showing an example of the configuration of the robot 2A used in the unmanned delivery system according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 9B is a plan view showing an example of the configuration of the robot 2A used in the unmanned delivery system according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the robot 2A includes a traveling unit 21 and a pair of robot arms 22 provided on the traveling unit 21.
- the traveling unit 21 may be a dolly.
- Each of the pair of robot arms 22 is composed of a four-axis vertical articulated robot arm. That is, each robot arm 22 has a first link L1 that is rotatable around a vertical first rotation axis Ax1. This first link L1 is common to both robot arms 22.
- the base end of the second link L2 is rotatably provided around the second rotation axis Ax 2 perpendicular to the first rotation axis Ax 1 .
- the base end portion of the third link L3 is rotatably provided around the third rotation axis Ax 3 perpendicular to the second rotation axis Ax 2 .
- the base end portion of the fourth link L4 is rotatably provided around the fourth rotation axis Ax 4 perpendicular to the third rotation axis Ax 3 .
- a grip portion 221 having a three-claw 222 is provided at the tip of the fourth link L4. The pair of robot arms 22 grip the load G by the pair of gripping portions 221.
- the traveling portion 21 of the robot 2 is formed in a dolly shape, and a luggage accommodating portion 212 is provided at the front end portion.
- the luggage accommodating portion 212 is formed in the shape of a rectangular box having an open upper surface having a bottom wall 212a and a side wall 212b.
- the side wall portion on the rear side of the luggage accommodating portion 212 is notched at an upper portion, and a pair of robot arms 22 can insert the luggage G into the luggage accommodating portion from the notched portion.
- a pair of front wheels 211 and 211 and a pair of rear wheels 211 and 211 are provided on the bottom of the traveling portion 21.
- one of the pair of front wheels 211, 211 and the pair of rear wheels 211, 211 is the steering wheel, and for example, any one of the pair of front wheels 211, 211 and the pair of rear wheels 211, 211 is the drive wheel.
- a storage battery 28 and a motor are mounted on the traveling unit 21, and the motor drives the drive wheels using the storage battery 28 as a power source.
- a pair of out triggers 213 are provided on both sides of the central portion of the traveling portion 21. The out trigger 213 is configured to be accommodated inside the traveling portion 21. When the robot 2A stops and loads / unloads the luggage G, the out trigger 213 projects left and right from the traveling unit 21 and lands on the ground to prevent the traveling unit 21 from moving.
- a display robot arm 27 is provided behind the robot arm 22 of the traveling unit 21. Since the display robot arm 27 is the same as that of the first embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted.
- the same effect as that of the unmanned delivery system 100 of the first embodiment can be obtained.
- the unmanned delivery system of the third embodiment includes a plurality of robots 2. An identification symbol is assigned to each of these plurality of robots 2.
- the robot controller 31 is provided with an operation unit for designating the robot 2 to be operated.
- the robot operation signal generation unit 302 attaches an identification symbol of the robot 2 designated to the robot operation signal according to the operation of the operation unit.
- the robot control unit 203 of each robot 2 controls the robot 2 based on the robot operation signal.
- the operator P1 can operate a plurality of self-propelled robots 2 by one robot operator 31.
- unmanned delivery can be efficiently performed.
- the unmanned delivery system of the fourth embodiment is different from the unmanned delivery system 100 of the first embodiment in that the robot 2B is used instead of the robot 2 of the first embodiment, and the other points are the unmanned delivery system 100 of the first embodiment. It is the same.
- FIG. 10 is an exploded view showing an example of the configuration of the mobile robot 1000 used in the unmanned delivery system according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a first configuration and a usage mode of the self-propelled robot 2B in which the mobile robot 1000 of FIG. 10 is configured as a delivery robot.
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a second configuration and a usage mode of the self-propelled robot 2B in which the mobile robot 1000 of FIG. 10 is configured as a delivery robot.
- FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a third configuration and a usage mode of the self-propelled robot 2B in which the mobile robot 1000 of FIG. 10 is configured as a delivery robot.
- FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a first configuration and a usage mode of the self-propelled robot 2B in which the mobile robot 1000 of FIG. 10 is configured as a delivery robot.
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a second configuration and a usage mode of the self-propelled robot 2B in
- FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a first configuration and a usage mode of the high-altitude walking robot 2000 in which the mobile robot 1000 of FIG. 10 is configured as a maintenance robot.
- FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing a second configuration and a usage mode of the high-altitude walking robot 2000 in which the mobile robot 1000 of FIG. 10 is configured as a maintenance robot.
- the mobile robot 1000 can be composed of a self-propelled robot 2B which is a delivery robot specialized in delivery and a high-altitude walking robot 2000 which is a maintenance robot specialized in maintenance of high-rise structures. This will be described in detail below.
- the mobile robot 1000 includes a base unit 310, robot arm units 320 and 330, and mobile units 340 and 350.
- the base unit 310 is shown in the central portion
- the robot arm portion 320 and the carrier 360 are shown in the upper left portion
- the moving portion 340 is shown in the lower left portion
- the robot arm portion 330 is shown in the upper right portion.
- the moving portion 350 is shown in the lower right.
- the robot arm portion 320 is attached to the upper surface of the base unit 310, and the moving portions 340 are attached to the side surfaces of both ends of the base unit 310, whereby the self-propelled robot 2B which is a delivery robot is configured.
- the robot arm portion 330 is attached to the upper surface of the base unit 310, and the moving portions 350 are attached to the side surfaces of both ends of the base unit 310, whereby the high-altitude walking robot which is a maintenance robot is attached. 2000 is composed.
- the base unit 310 is a portion constituting the body and chassis of the mobile robot 1000, has a substantially constant thickness, and is formed in a shape having narrow portions at both ends in the longitudinal direction.
- the base unit 310 is provided with a robot arm portion mounting portion 311 to which the robot arm portions 320 and 330 are mounted on the upper surface of the central portion of the base unit 310.
- the robot arm portion mounting portion 311 is formed in a short columnar shape, for example, and is rotatable around a rotation axis A300 perpendicular to the upper surface of the central portion of the base unit 310 by a motor (not shown) on the main body of the base unit 310. It is provided.
- the robot arm portion mounting portion 311 is provided so that its upper surface is flush with the upper surface of the central portion of the base unit 310.
- a moving portion mounting portion 312 is provided on each side surface of the narrow portion of each end portion of the base unit 310, and an opening is formed in the moving portion mounting portion 312. The end portion 313 of the axle to which the moving portions 340 and 350 are connected is exposed to this opening.
- One of the two pairs of axles corresponding to the narrow portions at both ends of the base unit 310 is steerable, and one of the two pairs of axles is a drive (not shown). It is the drive axle driven by the source, and the other axle is the driven axle. Both axles may be used as drive axles.
- This drive source is composed of, for example, a motor.
- the base unit 310 is equipped with a battery 328 and a robot controller 1201.
- the battery 328 supplies electric power for operating the mobile robot 1000.
- the robot controller 1201 is configured in the same manner as the robot controller 201 of the first embodiment.
- the base unit 310 When a crawler is attached to the base unit 310 as a moving portion 340C, the base unit 310 is formed to have a narrow width over the entire length, and the robot arm portion attaching portion 311 is integrated with the main body, that is, cannot rotate. , Formed in. Further, the pair of axles are non-steering axles. Also in this case, the robot arm portion mounting portion 311 may be rotatable, and the robot arm portion 320 may be configured to be mountable to the robot arm portion mounting portion 311.
- the base unit 310 is driven by each axle individually as a base end link of the robot arm while being position-controlled by a motor.
- the robot arm unit 320 as the first robot arm unit is a robot arm unit constituting the self-propelled robot 2B. Since it is necessary to lift the luggage to a certain height in order to handle the delivered luggage, the robot arm portion 320 includes a body portion 321 extending vertically upward on the upper surface of the robot arm portion mounting portion 311. A pair of robot arms 322 and 322 are provided at the upper end of the body portion 321. Each robot arm 322 is composed of an articulated robot arm.
- the articulated robot arm here is an articulated arm.
- the configuration of the robot arm is not particularly limited, and may be a horizontal articulated arm, which is a so-called SCARA arm, in addition to a vertical articulated arm.
- a hand 322a is attached to the tip of the robot arm 322.
- the configuration of the hand 322a is not particularly limited.
- the hand 322a is composed of a suction hand that vacuum-sucks the object.
- the hand 322a may be composed of, for example, a hand holding an object from both sides.
- a customer display 323 is provided at the upper end of the body portion 321.
- the customer display 323 is provided with a customer microphone 324, a customer speaker 325, and a field of view camera 326.
- the customer display 323, the customer microphone 324, the customer speaker 325, and the view camera 326 are configured in the same manner as the customer display 23, the customer microphone 24, the customer speaker 25, and the view camera 26 of the first embodiment, respectively. There is. These enable dialogue between the self-propelled robot 2B and the recipient of the delivery destination, that is, the customer, P2.
- the self-propelled robot 2B is connected to the carrier 360 that accommodates the delivered luggage at the time of delivery.
- the carrier 360 does not run on its own, but runs by being pushed or pulled by the self-propelled robot 2B.
- the front-rear direction in the traveling direction of the carrier 360 is referred to as the front-rear direction of the carrier 360.
- the carrier 360 includes a main body 361 composed of a rectangular parallelepiped box body.
- the internal space of the main body 361 is a storage space for packages to be delivered.
- the main body 361 has a stepped portion 365 recessed forward at the lower part of the rear end surface.
- An opening / closing door 364 is provided on the upper portion of the stepped portion 365 on the rear surface of the main body 361.
- the opening / closing door 364 is for loading / unloading the cargo to be delivered into the luggage storage space of the main body 361.
- Wheels 362 are provided at the four corners of the bottom of the main body 361.
- a pair of connecting portions 361a composed of protrusions are provided on both side surfaces of the main body 361.
- On the rear end faces of the pair of connecting portions 361a connecting holes formed of bottomed holes for receiving the pair of hands 332a of the self-propelled robot 2B are formed.
- the self-propelled robot 2B is connected to the carrier 360 by inserting a pair of hands 332a into these pair of connecting holes and sucking the bottom surface of the connecting holes.
- the connecting structure between the connecting portion 361a and the hand 322a is not limited to this.
- the connecting structure may be used as long as the connecting portion 361a and the hand 322a can be connected.
- the connecting portion 361a and the hand 322a may be provided with an engaging portion with each other, thereby connecting the two.
- the carrier 360 is further equipped with a battery 363.
- the connecting portion 361a is provided with a first electric contact electrically connected to the battery 363, and the hand 322a of the self-propelled robot 2B is provided with a second electric contact electrically connected to the battery 328. There is.
- the self-propelled robot 2B is connected to the carrier 360, the first electric contact and the second electric contact come into contact with each other to electrically conduct electricity, and the battery 328 of the self-propelled robot 2B becomes the battery 363 of the carrier 360. Charged by. This charging is appropriately performed as needed by the control of the robot controller 1201 of the base unit 310. As a result, the travelable distance of the self-propelled robot 2B becomes longer than that in the case where the carrier 360 does not have the battery 363.
- the moving unit 340 is composed of three types of traveling units that drive the mobile robot 1000.
- the first moving unit 340A is composed of indoor tires as the first traveling unit.
- indoor tires for example, the unevenness of the tread is formed to be relatively small.
- the indoor tire is attached to the base unit 310 so that its rotating shaft is connected to the end portion 313 of the axle of the moving portion attaching portion 312 of the base unit 310.
- the second moving unit 340B is composed of outdoor tires as the second traveling unit. Outdoor tires have relatively large tread irregularities.
- the suspension is attached to the tire.
- the outdoor tire is attached to the base unit 310 so that its rotating shaft is connected to the end portion 313 of the axle of the moving portion attaching portion 312 of the base unit 310. Further, the suspension is appropriately connected to the base unit 310.
- the third moving unit 340C is composed of a crawler as a third traveling unit. Crawlers are also known as caterpillars.
- the crawler is attached to the base unit 310 so that its drive mechanism is connected to the end portion 313 of the axle of the moving portion attachment portion 312 of the base unit 310.
- the robot arm unit 330 as the second robot arm unit is a robot arm unit constituting the high-altitude walking robot 2000.
- the robot arm unit 330 includes a pair of robot arms 331 and 331.
- Each robot arm 331 is composed of an articulated robot arm.
- the articulated robot arm here is a 6-axis robot arm.
- a hand 331a is attached to the tip of the robot arm 331.
- the configuration of the hand 331a is not particularly limited.
- the hand 331a is composed of a suction hand that vacuum-sucks the object.
- the hand 331a may be composed of, for example, a hand holding an object.
- the robot arm portion 330 since the robot arm portion 330 requires a long arm extending in the horizontal direction in order to perform maintenance at a high place, the two robot arms 331 and 331 are directly attached to each other. It is attached to the robot arm portion attachment portion 311 of the base unit 310. As a result, the two robot arms 331 and 331 can be extended along the upper surface of the base unit 310 in close proximity to each other. Further, since it is necessary to carry the high-altitude walking robot 2000 to a high place, the robot arm portion 330 is configured to compactly fold the robot arm 331.
- the robot arm unit 330 further includes a field of view camera 326.
- the field of view camera 326 is also directly attached to the robot arm portion attachment portion 311 of the base unit 310.
- the field of view camera 326 is configured in the same manner as the field of view camera 26 of the first embodiment.
- a microphone and a speaker may be provided for cooperation with local workers and for collecting peripheral information.
- the moving unit 350 is composed of two types of legs that allow the mobile robot 1000 to walk at a high place.
- the fourth moving part 350A is composed of a short leg as the first leg part.
- the short leg is composed of, for example, a 5-axis robot arm.
- the base end link 354 corresponds to the base portion of the leg portion
- the tip portion 352 corresponds to the foot portion of the leg portion.
- the base end link 354 is connected to the end portion 313 of the axle of the moving portion mounting portion 312 of the base unit 310.
- the tip portion 352 is configured to be rotatable with respect to the link to be connected.
- the tip portion 352 is configured to be adsorbed on the object.
- the tip portion 352 is provided with an electromagnet, and by turning on the electromagnet, the tip portion 352 is attracted to the magnetic object, and by turning off the electromagnet, the tip portion 352 is released from the magnetic object. It is configured to let you. Therefore, the tip portion 352 is attracted and fixed to the object in a state where the torsional rotation axis of the tip portion 352 is parallel to the rotation axis of the proximal end link 354, and the torsional rotation of the distal end portion 352 is controlled in compliance.
- the link 354 is rotated, the base unit 310 moves in the direction opposite to the rotation direction. As a result, as will be described later, the high-altitude walking robot 2000 can walk like an inchworm.
- the fourth moving portion 350A further includes a hollow fixed cover member 353.
- the fixed cover member 353 is fixed to the moving portion mounting portion 312 of the base unit 310 so as to rotatably penetrate the base end link 354. As a result, the short leg is attached to the base unit 310.
- the fifth moving part 350B is composed of a long leg as a second leg part.
- the long leg is composed of, for example, a 7-axis robot arm. Other than this, the configuration is the same as that of the fourth moving unit 350A.
- This self-propelled robot 2B is used, for example, at the collection / delivery base 5 to carry luggage.
- the collection / delivery base 5 may be a collection / delivery center.
- the self-propelled robot 2B performs the following collection and delivery work, for example.
- the self-propelled robot 2B inserts the pair of hands 322a of the pair of robot arms 322 into the connecting holes of the pair of connecting portions 361a of the carrier 360, and sucks the bottom surface of the connecting holes with the hands 322a. Connect 360 with itself. At this time, the battery 328 of the self-propelled robot 2B is charged by the battery 363 of the carrier 360. Further, the front end portion of the self-propelled robot 2B is located at the step portion 365 on the rear surface of the carrier vehicle 360, and the self-propelled robot 2B is connected close to the carrier vehicle 360.
- the self-propelled robot 2B self-propells to the luggage storage area while pushing and pulling the carrier 360.
- the self-propelled robot 2B stops the suction of the pair of hands 322a, pulls out the pair of hands 322a from the connecting holes of the pair of connecting portions 361a of the carrier 360, and separates the carrier 360 from itself.
- the self-propelled robot 2B loads the load on the carrier 360 by itself. That is, the robot that carries the luggage and the robot that loads and unloads the luggage are the same.
- the self-propelled robot 2B opens the opening / closing door 364 of the carrier 360 by the pair of robot arms 322, and holds the luggage placed in the luggage storage area by the pair of hands 322a of the pair of robot arms 322.
- the self-propelled robot 2B Place it in the containment space of the carrier 360. At this time, the self-propelled robot 2B performs the work while rotating the body portion 321 as necessary. After accommodating the required luggage in the carrier 360, the self-propelled robot 2B closes the opening / closing door 364, connects the carrier 360 with itself, and self-propells to a predetermined place.
- the self-propelled robot 2B separates the carrier 360 from itself by working in the reverse order of the above, and takes out the load from the carrier 360.
- the self-propelled robot 2B interacts with a person by means of a customer display 323, a customer microphone 324, a customer speaker 325, and a field of view camera 326, if necessary.
- ⁇ Second configuration and usage of self-propelled robot 2B> Referring to FIG. 12, in the second configuration of the self-propelled robot 2B, the robot arm portion 320 is attached to the robot arm portion mounting portion 311 of the base unit 310, and the second moving portion is attached to each moving portion mounting portion 312 of the base unit 310. A 340B outdoor tire is installed. As a result, a delivery robot for outdoor traveling is configured as the second configuration of the self-propelled robot 2B.
- the self-propelled robot 2B of the second configuration is equipped with tires for outdoor use, it is suitably used as a self-propelled robot for delivery that finally delivers the package to the destination 4. Other than this, it is the same as the self-propelled robot 2B of the first configuration.
- ⁇ Third configuration and usage of self-propelled robot 2B> Referring to FIG. 13, in the third configuration of the self-propelled robot 2B, the robot arm portion 320 is attached to the robot arm portion mounting portion 311 of the base unit 310, and the third moving portion is attached to each moving portion mounting portion 312 of the base unit 310. A 340C crawler is attached. As a result, a delivery robot for traveling on rough roads is configured as the third configuration of the self-propelled robot 2B.
- the self-propelled robot 2B having the third configuration includes a crawler, it is suitably used as a self-propelled robot for rough road delivery that travels on a rough road and finally delivers the package to the destination 4. Other than this, it is the same as the self-propelled robot 2B of the first configuration.
- rough roads include roads in the event of a disaster, rough terrain, and the like.
- the self-propelled robot 2B of the second configuration changes the direction by reducing or stopping the speed of the crawler on one side.
- the robot arm portion 330 is attached to the robot arm portion attachment portion 311 of the base unit 310.
- a pair of robot arms 331 are attached to the robot arm portion attachment portion 311 of the base unit 310 so as to be positioned symmetrically with respect to the rotation axis A300.
- the field of view camera 326 is attached to the robot arm portion mounting portion 311 so as to be located in front of the center of the pair of robot arms 331.
- the high-altitude walking robot 2000 having the first configuration is used, for example, as follows.
- the high-altitude walking robot 2000 is transported to a maintenance site of a high-rise building by, for example, the drone of the first embodiment.
- a steel tower is exemplified as a high-rise building.
- the scaffolding member 371 which is a magnetic member serving as a scaffolding
- the high-altitude walking robot 2000 attracts the tip portion 352 of each short leg to the side surface of the scaffolding member 371.
- a horizontal beam member of a steel tower is exemplified.
- the work object is sucked and held by the pair of hands 331a of the pair of robot arms 331 to perform the required maintenance.
- a wire rod is exemplified.
- the high-altitude walking robot 2000 walks as follows.
- the tip portion 352 is in a state where the torsional rotation axis of the tip portion 352 of each short leg is parallel to the rotation axis of the proximal link 354 with a slight gap with respect to the scaffolding member 371. Is attracted to the scaffolding member 371, and the base end link 354 is rotated backward in a state where the torsional rotation of the tip portion 352 is controlled in compliance. Then, the base unit 310 moves forward and downward by the principle of "parallel link". When the base unit 310 comes into contact with the scaffolding member 371, the high-altitude walking robot 2000 moves the tips 352 of the two pairs of short legs forward and sucks and fixes them in the same manner as described above.
- the base unit 310 moves upward while moving forward, and then moves downward to come into contact with the scaffolding member 371. After that, by repeating this operation, the high-altitude walking robot 2000 walks like an inchworm.
- the high-altitude walking robot 2000 walks like an inchworm by moving the four short legs forward in order while maintaining the so-called "three-point support" state. Can be done.
- the high-altitude walking robot 2000 having the second configuration has a long leg that is longer and thicker than the short leg, a wider range of maintenance work can be performed.
- the robot controller 201 may be configured to switch and control the self-propelled robot 2 between autonomous driving and remote driving.
- unmanned delivery can be performed more easily by performing relatively easy work by independent operation and performing relatively difficult work by remote control.
- the unmanned delivery system 100 includes a plurality of the self-propelled robots 2 and a robot operating device 31 for remotely operating the plurality of self-propelled robots 2, and the plurality of self-propelled robots 2 and the robot operating device 31. May be configured so that the plurality of self-propelled robots 2 can be operated by one robot operating device 31.
- the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 includes an elevating device 11 capable of lowering a mounted object to the ground and mounting an object on the ground, and the robot controller 201 is such that the self-propelled robot 2 itself is described. It may be configured to be fixed to the elevating device 11 and to confirm that it has been fixed.
- the self-propelled robot 2 can be safely mounted on the unmanned aerial vehicle 1.
- the self-propelled robot 2 when the self-propelled robot 2 is mounted on the unmanned aerial vehicle 1, the self-propelled robot 2 takes a predetermined storage posture and charges its own storage device 328 by the unmanned aerial vehicle 1. It may be configured to control the self-propelled robot 2.
- the self-propelled robot 2 can increase the storage space of the luggage G by taking a predetermined storage posture, and by charging its own capacitor 328 by the unmanned aerial vehicle 1, it is self-propelled.
- the running robot 2 can be operated reliably.
- the self-propelled robot 2B includes three assembly units of a robot arm unit 320, a base unit 310, and a moving unit 340 for moving the self-propelled robot 2B, and the robot arm unit 320 is provided on the upper surface of the base unit 310. May be attached, and the moving portion 340 may be attached to the side surface of the base unit 310.
- the self-propelled robot 2B can be easily assembled.
- the base unit 310 is directly attached to the upper surface of the first robot arm portion 320 including the body portion 321 extending vertically from the upper surface of the base unit 310 and the upper surface of the base unit 310, and is attached to the upper surface of the base unit 310.
- a second robot arm portion 330 that can be extended along the proximity to each other can be selectively attached, and a traveling portion 340 for traveling the self-propelled robot 2B and the self-propelled robot 2B are mounted on the side surface thereof. It may be configured so that the leg portion 350 for walking the running robot 2B at a high place can be selectively attached.
- a self-propelled robot 2B for delivery can be configured by attaching the first robot arm portion 320 to the upper surface of the base unit 310 and attaching the traveling portion 340 to the side surface of the base unit 310. Further, by attaching the second robot arm portion 330 to the upper surface of the base unit 310 and attaching the leg portions 350 to the side surface of the base unit 310, for example, a high-altitude walking robot 2000 for maintenance of a high-rise structure can be configured.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本開示の実施形態1に係る無人配送システム100の概略の構成の一例を示す模式図である。
図1を参照すると、実施形態1の無人配送システム100は、無人航空機1と、自走ロボット2と、操作ユニット3と、を含む。以下、無人航空機をドローンと呼ぶ。
図1を参照すると、ドローン1は、配送する荷物と自走ロボット2を輸送することができるものであればよい。ドローン1として、飛行機、ヘリコプターが例示される。飛行機は、通常の滑走により離着陸するものの他、VTOL機(Vertical Take-Off and Landing aircraft、垂直離着陸機)を含む。ドローン1は、ここでは、VTOL機で構成される。
図2は図1の操作ユニット3の詳細な構成の一例を示す斜視図である。図3は、図1の自走ロボット2の構成の一例を示す側面図である。
図3を参照すると、自走ロボットの一例であるロボット2は、自律走行可能で且つ荷物を扱うことが可能なロボットであればよい。ロボット2は、ここでは、自律走行可能な走行部21と走行部21の上に設けられたロボットアーム22とを備える。走行部21は、例えば、台車であってもよい。なお、荷物を扱う構成要素は、必ずしもロボットアームでなくてよい。図3のロボット2は、図面左方向及び右方向が、それぞれ、走行方向における前方向及び後方向である。
図4は、図1の無人配送システム100の制御系統の構成の一例を示す機能ブロック図である。
図5は、ロボット制御器201の記憶部204に格納された配送用データDの一例を示す模式図である。
ロボット制御器201のロボット制御部203は、ロボット2を、自律運転と遠隔運転との間で切り替えて、制御する。遠隔運転は、ロボット操作器31の操作、具体的にはロボット操作信号、に従った運転を意味する。
次に、人の回避制御について説明する。ロボット制御部203は、視界カメラ26で撮像された画像を画像処理して、当該画像内に人が存在するか否かを判定する。画像処理によって、画像内の人を抽出する方法は周知であるので、ここでは、その説明を省略する。ロボット制御部203は、視界カメラ26で撮像された画像から抽出された人の画像が視界カメラに接近する場合には、ロボット2を当該人の画像と反対方向に移動させる。人の画像が視界カメラに接近するか否かは、例えば、当該人の画像の大きさ及びその拡大速度によって判定される。
次に、以上のように構成された無人配送システム100の動作を、図1乃至図8Lを用いて説明する。無人配送システム100の動作は、無人配送方法を意味する。図7は、図1の無人配送システム100の動作の一例を示すフローチャートである。図8A乃至図8Lは、図1の無人配送システム100の動作の一例を順に示す模式図である。この無人配送システム100の動作では、ドローン1は、操作者P1によって操作され、ロボット2は、ロボット制御器201のロボット制御部203によって、自律運転又は遠隔運転される。
図7を参照すると、届け先4までの途中の地点で荷降ろしが行われる(ステップS13)。図8Eを参照すると、この荷降ろしは、ドローン1をホバリング状態にして、ロボット2をウインチ11で降下させることによって行われる。この降下は、操作者P1が、操作者用表示器33に表示される、ドローン1の視界カメラで撮像された視界画像で地上の様子を確認しながら行う。安全性を確保するためである。また、この場合、ドローン1の高度は所定以上とされる。所定高度は適宜設定されるが、例えば、20mとされる。この場合、ロボット2は、自律運転によって格納姿勢を解いた後、遠隔運転により、これから配送すべき荷物Gを荷物収容部212に収容する。
図8Iを参照すると、この場合、例えば、届け先4が高層マンションの一室である。ドローン1は、高層マンションの上空に到達すると、ロボット2を屋上に降下させる。この降下の態様は2つある。第1降下態様は、届け先4が郊外部の場合と同じである。第2降下態様では、ドローン1が屋上に着陸し、ロボット2が開放された搬出入扉13から屋上に降りる。
1つの届け先4への配達業務が終了すると、次の届け先4への配達業務が上記と同様に行われ、全ての届け先4への配達業務が終了すると、ドローン1は、集配拠点5に帰還する(ステップS18,19)。
変形例1では、ロボット2が上述の届け先4までの途中の地点に配置されている。この場合、ロボット2は、現地にとどまってもよいし、ドローン1に回収されてもよい。
実施形態2の無人配送システムは、実施形態1のロボット2に代えてロボット2Aが用いられる点で、実施形態1の無人配送システム100と異なり、その他の点は実施形態1の無人配送システム100と同じである。
実施形態3では、実施形態1又は実施形態2において、操作者P1が複数のロボット2を操作することができる。その他の点は、実施形態1又は実施形態2と同様である。
実施形態4の無人配送システムは、実施形態1のロボット2に代えてロボット2Bが用いられる点で、実施形態1の無人配送システム100と異なり、その他の点は実施形態1の無人配送システム100と同じである。
ベースユニット310は、移動ロボット1000のボディ及びシャーシを構成する部分であり、略一定の厚みを有し、且つ長手方向の両端部に細幅部を有する形状に形成されている。ベースユニット310は、ベースユニット310の中央部の上面に、ロボットアーム部320,330が取り付けられるロボットアーム部取り付け部311が設けられている。ロボットアーム部取り付け部311は、例えば、短円柱状に形成され、図示されないモータによって、ベースユニット310の中央部の上面に垂直な回動軸線A300の周りに回動可能にベースユニット310の本体に設けられている。ロボットアーム部取り付け部311は、その上面がベースユニット310の中央部の上面と面一になるように設けられている。
第1ロボットアーム部としてのロボットアーム部320は、自走ロボット2Bを構成するロボットアーム部である。配送される荷物を扱うためには、荷物をある程度の高さに持ち上げる必要があることから、ロボットアーム部320は、ロボットアーム部取り付け部311の上面に垂直に上方に延びる胴部321を備える。この胴部321の上端部に一対のロボットアーム322,322が設けられている。各ロボットアーム322は、多関節のロボットアームで構成されている。多関節のロボットアームは、ここでは、多関節アームである。なお、ロボットアームの構成は特に限定されず、垂直多関節のアームのほか、いわゆるスカラアームである水平多関節アームとしてもよい。ロボットアーム322の先端にはハンド322aが取り付けられている。ハンド322aの構成は特に制限されない。ハンド322aは、ここでは、対象物を真空吸着する吸着ハンドで構成されている。ハンド322aが、例えば、対象物を両側から挟持するハンドで構成されてもよい。
移動部340は、移動ロボット1000を走行させる3種類の走行部で構成される。
図11-13を参照すると、第2ロボットアーム部としてのロボットアーム部330は、高所歩行ロボット2000を構成するロボットアーム部である。ロボットアーム部330は、一対のロボットアーム331,331を含む。各ロボットアーム331は、多関節のロボットアームで構成されている。多関節のロボットアームは、ここでは、6軸ロボットアームである。ロボットアーム331の先端にはハンド331aが取り付けられている。ハンド331aの構成は特に制限されない。ハンド331aは、ここでは、対象物を真空吸着する吸着ハンドで構成されている。ハンド331aが、例えば、対象物を挟持するハンドで構成されてもよい。
移動部350は、移動ロボット1000を高所歩行させる2種類の脚部で構成される。
図11を参照すると、自走ロボット2Bの第1構成では、ベースユニット310のロボットアーム部取り付け部311にロボットアーム部320が取り付けられ、ベースユニット310の各移動部取り付け部312に第1移動部340Aの屋内用タイヤが取り付けられる。これにより、自走ロボット2Bの第1構成として、屋内走行用のデリバリロボットが構成される。
図12を参照すると、自走ロボット2Bの第2構成では、ベースユニット310のロボットアーム部取り付け部311にロボットアーム部320が取り付けられ、ベースユニット310の各移動部取り付け部312に第2移動部340Bの屋外用タイヤが取り付けられる。これにより、自走ロボット2Bの第2構成として、屋外走行用のデリバリロボットが構成される。
図13を参照すると、自走ロボット2Bの第3構成では、ベースユニット310のロボットアーム部取り付け部311にロボットアーム部320が取り付けられ、ベースユニット310の各移動部取り付け部312に第3移動部340Cのクローラが取り付けられる。これにより、自走ロボット2Bの第3構成として、悪路走行用のデリバリロボットが構成される。
図14を参照すると、高所歩行ロボット2000の第1構成では、ベースユニット310のロボットアーム部取り付け部311にロボットアーム部330が取り付けられる。具体的には、例えば、ベースユニット310のロボットアーム部取り付け部311に、回動軸線A300に対称に位置するように、一対のロボットアーム331が、取り付けられる。そして、視界カメラ326が、一対のロボットアーム331の中央の前方に位置するように、ロボットアーム部取り付け部311に取り付けられる。また、現地作業員との連携や、周辺情報収集のためのマイク、スピーカが設けられる場合には、これらが、適宜、ロボットアーム部取り付け部311及び又は視界カメラ326に取り付けられる。そして、ベースユニット310の各移動部取り付け部312に第4移動部350Aのショートレッグが取り付けられる。これにより、高所歩行ロボット2000の第1構成として、高所を歩行してメンテナンスを行うメンテナンスロボットが構成される。
図15を参照すると、高所歩行ロボット2000の第2構成では、ベースユニット310のロボットアーム部取り付け部311にロボットアーム部330が、上記と同様に取り付けられる。そして、ベースユニット310の各移動部取り付け部312に第5移動部350Bのロングレッグが取り付けられる。これにより、高所歩行ロボット2000の第2構成として、高所を歩行してメンテナンスを行うメンテナンスロボットが構成される。
ロボット制御器201は、自走ロボット2を、自律運転と遠隔運転との間で切り替えて制御するよう構成されていてもよい。
Claims (10)
- 自走ロボットと、
荷物を届ける途中の地点まで当該荷物を輸送するための無人航空機と、を備え、
前記自走ロボットは、前記途中の地点に降ろされた前記荷物を前記届け先に届けるよう、当該自走ロボットを制御するよう構成されたロボット制御器を備える、無人配送システム。 - 自走ロボットと、
荷物を届ける途中の地点まで当該荷物及び前記自走ロボットを輸送するための無人航空機と、を備え、
前記自走ロボットは、前記途中の地点に降ろされた前記荷物を前記届け先に届けるよう、当該自走ロボットを制御するよう構成されたロボット制御器を備える、無人配送システム。 - 前記ロボット制御器は、前記自走ロボットを、自律運転と遠隔運転との間で切り替えて制御するよう構成されている、請求項1又は2に記載の無人配送システム。
- 複数の前記自走ロボットと、
前記複数の自走ロボットを遠隔操作するためのロボット操作器と、を備え、
前記複数の自走ロボット及び前記ロボット操作器は、1つのロボット操作器によって、前記複数の自走ロボットを操作することが可能なように構成されている、請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の無人配送システム。 - 前記無人航空機は、搭載した物体を地上に降下させ且つ地上の物体を搭載することが可能な昇降装置を備えており、
前記ロボット制御器は、前記自走ロボットが、自身を前記昇降装置に固定するとともに自身が固定されたことを確認するよう構成されている、請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載の無人配送システム。 - 前記ロボット制御器は、前記自走ロボットが前記無人航空機に搭載されたら、前記自走ロボットが所定の格納姿勢を取り、且つ、自身の蓄電器を無人航空機によって充電するように当該自走ロボットを制御するよう構成されている、請求項1乃至5のいずれかに記載の無人配送システム。
- 前記自走ロボットは、ロボットアーム部と、ベースユニットと、前記自走ロボットを移動させる移動部と、の3つの組み立てユニットを備え、
前記ベースユニットの上面に前記ロボットアーム部が取り付けられ、前記ベースユニットの側面に前記移動部が取り付けられている、請求項1乃至6のいずれかに記載の無人配送システム。 - 前記ベースユニットは、上面に、前記ベースユニットの上面から垂直に延びる胴部を含む第1ロボットアーム部と、前記ベースユニットの上面に直接取り付けられ、前記ベースユニットの上面に近接して沿うように延びることが可能な第2ロボットアーム部と、を選択的に取り付けることが可能であり、且つ、側面に、前記自走ロボットを走行させる走行部と、前記自走ロボットを高所歩行させる脚部と、を選択的に取り付けることが可能である、請求項7に記載の無人配送システム。
- 無人航空機によって、荷物を届ける途中の地点まで当該荷物を輸送し、
自走ロボットによって、前記途中の地点に降ろされた前記荷物を前記届け先に届ける、無人配送方法。 - 無人航空機によって、荷物を届ける途中の地点まで当該荷物及び自走ロボットを輸送し、
前記自走ロボットによって、前記途中の地点に降ろされた前記荷物を前記届け先に届ける、無人配送方法。
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