WO2022078038A1 - 受电弓弓头、受电弓和受电弓的控制方法 - Google Patents

受电弓弓头、受电弓和受电弓的控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022078038A1
WO2022078038A1 PCT/CN2021/112019 CN2021112019W WO2022078038A1 WO 2022078038 A1 WO2022078038 A1 WO 2022078038A1 CN 2021112019 W CN2021112019 W CN 2021112019W WO 2022078038 A1 WO2022078038 A1 WO 2022078038A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bracket
sliding plate
skateboard
pantograph
group
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/112019
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
武学良
陈玉芬
张金成
Original Assignee
中车大同电力机车有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 中车大同电力机车有限公司 filed Critical 中车大同电力机车有限公司
Publication of WO2022078038A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022078038A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L5/00—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L5/18—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles using bow-type collectors in contact with trolley wire
    • B60L5/20—Details of contact bow
    • B60L5/205—Details of contact bow with carbon contact members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L5/00—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L5/18—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles using bow-type collectors in contact with trolley wire
    • B60L5/22—Supporting means for the contact bow
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of locomotive manufacturing, and in particular, to a pantograph head, a pantograph and a method for controlling a pantograph.
  • pantograph bow slides of the locomotive At present, because the railway boundaries of different countries and regions are different, this requires different lengths of the pantograph bow slides of the locomotive.
  • pantographs whose lengths cannot be changed are installed on locomotives, so that one pantograph cannot meet the requirements of railway boundaries between railways in different countries and regions.
  • the purpose of the present disclosure is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a pantograph head, a pantograph and a control method for the pantograph, the pantograph head can adjust the length of the slide plate to adapt to different countries and regions railway limits.
  • a pantograph head comprising:
  • the first skateboard bracket group has a first skateboard bracket and a second skateboard bracket
  • the first telescopic piece is located between the first sliding plate bracket and the second sliding plate bracket, and the first telescopic piece has a first telescopic rod and a second telescopic rod, the first telescopic rod and the the first slide bracket is connected, the second telescopic rod is connected with the second slide bracket, and the extension direction of the first extension rod is opposite to the extension direction of the second extension rod;
  • the first sliding plate group has a first sliding plate and a second sliding plate, the first sliding plate is connected with the side of the first sliding plate bracket away from the sliding plate bracket, and the second sliding plate is connected with the second sliding plate bracket
  • the frame is connected to the side away from the skateboard bracket.
  • the second slider bracket has a third slider bracket and a fourth slider bracket, and the third slider bracket is disposed opposite to the first slider bracket , the fourth slide bracket is arranged opposite to the second slide bracket;
  • the second sliding plate group has a third sliding plate and a fourth sliding plate, the third sliding plate is connected with the side of the third sliding plate bracket away from the sliding plate bracket, and the fourth sliding plate is connected with the fourth sliding plate bracket
  • the frame is connected to the side away from the skateboard bracket.
  • the first telescopic member further has a first fixed sleeve, and the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod can slide in the first fixed sleeve ;
  • the second telescopic element also has a second fixed sleeve, the third telescopic rod and the fourth telescopic rod can slide in the second fixed sleeve, and the contact structure further comprises:
  • first support plate is connected with the first fixing sleeve and extends away from the second slide bracket group
  • second support plate is connected to the The second fixing sleeve is connected and extends away from the first slide bracket group
  • the fifth skateboard bracket is connected to the first support plate, and is located on the side of the first skateboard bracket group away from the second skateboard bracket group;
  • the sixth skateboard bracket is connected to the second support plate, and is located on the side of the second skateboard bracket group away from the first skateboard bracket group;
  • the fifth sliding plate is connected to the side of the fifth sliding plate bracket away from the first supporting plate;
  • the sixth sliding plate is connected with the side of the sixth sliding plate bracket away from the second supporting plate.
  • the plurality of skateboard brackets include at least: a first skateboard bracket and a second skateboard bracket, wherein the first skateboard bracket and the first skateboard bracket and the The third slide bracket is connected, and the second slide bracket is connected with the second slide bracket and the fourth slide bracket,
  • the support structure also includes:
  • a rotating shaft the rotating shaft has a first end and a second end, and the first end and the second end are respectively connected with the first sliding plate bracket and the second sliding plate bracket.
  • the support structure further includes:
  • first end shaft a first end shaft and a second end shaft, one end of the first end shaft is rotatably connected with the first end, and the other end is connected with the first slide bracket,
  • the support structure further includes:
  • the first tension spring element is located on the first sliding plate bracket and is connected with the first end shaft, the first sliding plate bracket and the third sliding plate bracket;
  • a second tension spring element located on the second slide bracket and connected with the second end shaft, the second slide bracket and the fourth slide bracket.
  • a pantograph comprising:
  • a pantograph head is the pantograph head described in any one of the above;
  • pantograph head lifting device is mounted on the chassis for raising or lowering the pantograph head;
  • a pantograph control device is used to control the pantograph head lifting device to raise or lower the pantograph head, and the pantograph control device is used to control the first The extension and retraction of a telescopic element and the second telescopic element;
  • a connection hinge mechanism is installed on the chassis and connected with the pantograph head and the pantograph head lifting device.
  • the chassis includes:
  • the manifold is connected with the frame and the connection hinge mechanism;
  • the baffle plate is connected with the frame, and the baffle plate has a plurality of wiring through holes.
  • a method for controlling a pantograph wherein the pantograph is the pantograph described in any one of the above, and the control method for the pantograph includes:
  • the skateboard bracket groups move along the extending directions of the first skateboard bracket group and the second skateboard bracket group respectively;
  • a lift signal is sent to the pantograph control device, so that the pantograph head lifting device controls the pantograph head to lift.
  • the length of the pantograph head can be changed through the first telescopic piece and the second telescopic piece, so as to adapt to the other railway boundary.
  • the pantograph head By setting the pantograph bow head as a bow head with adjustable length, it can meet the railway limits on railways in different countries and regions at the same time. Therefore, compared with the existing solution, the pantograph head provided by the present application does not require frequent disassembly and installation of different pantograph heads, thereby improving the operation efficiency of the locomotive, saving a lot of manpower, and It can effectively prevent the damage of the pantograph head. At the same time, since the locomotive needs to replace different pantographs when replacing different pantograph heads, the present application can further reduce the times of disassembling and installing different pantographs, and further improve the operation efficiency of the locomotive. In addition, the present application does not need to set a plurality of different pantograph heads on the locomotive, but only needs to set one pantograph head provided by the present application, thereby reducing the manufacturing and maintenance costs of the locomotive.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pantograph head from a first perspective according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pantograph head from a second viewing angle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a pantograph according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the principle of a pantograph control device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a connecting hinge mechanism according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of a method for controlling a pantograph according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • pantograph head 1, pantograph head; 2, chassis; 3, pantograph head lifting device; 4, pantograph control device; 5, connecting hinge mechanism; 21, frame; 22, confluence board; 23, diversion plate; 41, isolation valve; 42, first solenoid valve; 43, second solenoid valve; 44, reversing valve; 45, first pressure switch; 46, second pressure switch; 47, first pressure regulating valve; 48 , the second pressure regulating valve; 49, the shuttle valve; 51, the upper arm; 52, the rotating shaft; 53, the lower arm; 54, the copper strand; 111, the first skateboard bracket group; 112, the second skateboard bracket group; 113, the first slide bracket; 114, the second slide bracket; 115, the shaft; 116, the first end shaft; 117, the second end shaft; 118, the first tension spring element; 119, the second tension spring element; 121, 122, the second telescopic part; 123, the first sliding plate; 124, the second sliding plate; 125, the third sliding plate; 126, the
  • Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • Example embodiments can be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art.
  • the same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and thus their detailed descriptions will be omitted.
  • a first aspect of the present disclosure provides a pantograph head 1 , which may include a support structure and a contact structure.
  • the pantograph head 1 can adjust its length, so that it can meet the railway limits on railways in different countries and regions at the same time, without the need to frequently disassemble and install different pantograph heads 1, let alone frequent disassembly and installation
  • the use of different pantographs improves the running efficiency of the locomotive, saves a lot of manpower, and can effectively prevent the pantograph head 1 from being damaged.
  • the pantograph head 1 may include a support structure and a contact structure, wherein the support structure may have a first slider bracket group 111 , a second slider bracket group 112 and a plurality of slider brackets.
  • the first skateboard bracket group 111 and the second skateboard bracket group 112 may be disposed opposite to each other, and the skateboard brackets may be connected to the first skateboard bracket group 111 and the second skateboard bracket group 112 .
  • the first skateboard bracket group 111 may have a first skateboard bracket 1111 and a second skateboard bracket 1112; the second skateboard bracket group 112 may have a third skateboard bracket 1121 and a fourth skateboard bracket 1121 Skateboard bracket 1122.
  • the first slider bracket 1111 may be disposed opposite to the third slider bracket 1121
  • the second slider bracket 1112 may be disposed opposite to the fourth slider bracket 1122 .
  • the first slider bracket 1111, the second slider bracket 1112, the third slider bracket 1121, and the fourth slider bracket 1122 can all be a single rod-shaped structure, but are not limited to this.
  • the second skateboard bracket 1112 , the third skateboard bracket 1121 and the fourth skateboard bracket 1122 may also be plate-like structures, which are all within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
  • the lengths of the first slider bracket 1111 , the second slider bracket 1112 , the third slider bracket 1121 and the fourth slider bracket 1122 may be the same, but may also be different, the first slider bracket 1111 , the second slider bracket 1112 , the lengths of the third sliding plate bracket 1121 and the fourth sliding plate bracket 1122 can be set according to actual needs.
  • the first slider bracket 1111 and the third slider bracket 1121 are disposed opposite each other, that is, the first slider bracket and the third slider bracket are arranged in parallel, and there is a gap between the first slider bracket 1111 and the third slider bracket 1121 .
  • both ends of the first slider bracket 1111 can be connected to the third slider bracket 1111 . Both ends of the bracket 1121 are aligned.
  • the second slider bracket 1112 and the fourth slider bracket 1122 are oppositely arranged, that is, the second slider bracket 1112 and the fourth slider bracket 1122 are arranged in parallel, and there is a gap between the second slider bracket 1112 and the fourth slider bracket 1122 gap.
  • both ends of the second slider bracket 1112 may be connected to the fourth slider bracket Both ends of the bracket 1122 are aligned.
  • the skateboard bracket may be a rod-shaped structure or a plate-shaped structure, but is not limited thereto, and the skateboard bracket may also be of other structures.
  • the slider bracket can fix the first slider bracket group 111 and the second slider bracket group 112 , and can be placed at any position of the first slider bracket group 111 and the second slider bracket group 112 .
  • the plurality of skateboard brackets may include at least a first skateboard bracket 113 and a second skateboard bracket 114 , wherein the first skateboard bracket 113 may be connected with the first skateboard bracket 1111 and the third skateboard bracket 1121 , the second slide bracket 114 may be connected with the second slide bracket 1112 and the fourth slide bracket 1122 .
  • first slider bracket 113 may be located at one end of the first slider bracket 1111 away from the second slider bracket 1112 and connected to an end of the third slider bracket 1121 away from the fourth slider bracket 1122 .
  • the second slider bracket 114 is located at the end of the second slider bracket 1112 away from the first slider bracket 1111 , and is connected to the end of the fourth slider bracket 1122 away from the third slider bracket 1121 .
  • the present disclosure does not limit the number of the plurality of skateboard brackets in the support structure.
  • the plurality of skateboard brackets in the support structure may also have three skateboard brackets, a fourth skateboard bracket, etc., which can be set according to actual needs. within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.
  • the support structure can also have a rotating shaft 115, and the rotating shaft 115 can have a first end and a second end, wherein the first end and the second end can be connected with the first sliding plate bracket 113 and the second sliding plate bracket 114, respectively.
  • the support structure may also have a first end shaft 116 and a second end shaft 117 .
  • one end of the first end shaft 116 can be rotatably connected with the first end of the rotating shaft 115
  • the other end of the first end shaft 116 can be connected with the first slide bracket 113 .
  • one end of the first end shaft 116 is rotatably connected to the first end of the rotating shaft through a bushing.
  • One end of the second end shaft 117 can be rotatably connected with the second end of the rotating shaft 115 , and the other end of the second end shaft 117 can be connected with the second slide bracket 114 .
  • one end of the second end shaft 117 is rotatably connected to the second end of the rotating shaft through a bushing.
  • the first slider bracket group 111 and the second slider bracket group can be made
  • the 112 can adjust the angle at any time with the up and down vibration during the running process of the locomotive, so that the pulling force of the tension spring element can always keep the sliding plate in reliable contact with the catenary.
  • the support structure may further include bow angles 120, and the bow angles 120 may be provided at both ends of the first skateboard bracket group 111 and the second skateboard bracket group 112, so that the pantograph bow head 1 A smoother transition from one railway-bounded catenary to another railway-bounded catenary.
  • the contact structure may have a telescopic sliding plate, and the telescopic sliding plate may have a first telescopic member 121, a second telescopic member 122, a first sliding plate group and a second sliding plate group.
  • the first skateboard group can be connected to the side of the first skateboard bracket group 111 away from the skateboard bracket, and the second skateboard group can be connected to the side of the second skateboard bracket group 112 away from the skateboard bracket.
  • first slide bracket group 111 can be connected with the first telescopic member 121
  • second slide bracket set 112 can be connected with the second telescopic member 122
  • first slide bracket set and the second slide bracket set can be respectively Move along the extension direction of the first skateboard bracket group 111 and the second skateboard bracket group 112, thereby driving the first skateboard bracket group and the second skateboard bracket group along the first skateboard bracket group 111 and the second skateboard bracket group 112 respectively. Movement in the extension direction.
  • the first telescopic part 121 and the second telescopic part 122 can be used to push out the first sliding plate bracket group 111 and the second sliding plate bracket group 112, so that the first sliding plate bracket group 112 can be pushed out.
  • the rack group 111 and the second slider bracket group 112 move in the direction in which the first slider bracket group 111 and the second slider bracket group 112 extend (that is, the distance between the first slider bracket group 111 and the second slider bracket group 112 ).
  • the first telescopic part 121 and the second telescopic part 122 can be used to attach the first sliding plate bracket
  • the set 111 and the second slide bracket set 112 are pulled back, thereby reducing the length of the pantograph head 1 .
  • the first and second slider bracket groups 111 and 112 are pushed and pulled back through the first telescopic member 121 and the second telescopic member 122 to push and pull back the first and second slider groups, thereby enabling The excellent current receiving function of the pantograph head 1 is guaranteed.
  • first telescopic element 121 and second telescopic element 122 may be pneumatic telescopic rods, but are not limited thereto, and may also be other telescopic elements, such as hydraulic telescopic rods, etc., which are all within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.
  • the first telescopic member 121 may be located between the first skateboard bracket 1111 and the second skateboard bracket 1112 .
  • the first telescopic member 121 may have a first telescopic rod 1211 and a second telescopic rod 1212 .
  • the first telescopic rod 1211 can be connected to the first slide bracket
  • the second telescopic rod 1212 can be connected to the second slide bracket 1112
  • the extension direction of the first telescopic rod 1211 can be the same as the extension direction of the second telescopic rod 1212. Out in the opposite direction.
  • the first sliding plate group may have a first sliding plate 123 and a second sliding plate 124, wherein the first sliding plate 123 may be connected to a side of the first sliding plate bracket 1111 away from the sliding plate bracket.
  • the second sliding plate 124 may be connected to a side of the second sliding plate bracket 1112 away from the sliding plate bracket. Therefore, when the pantograph head 1 needs to be lengthened, the first telescopic rod 1211 and the second telescopic rod 1212 can push the first sliding plate bracket 1111 and the second sliding plate bracket 1112 to the position of the first sliding plate bracket group 111 respectively.
  • the two extending directions are moved to push the first sliding plate 123 and the second sliding plate 124 to move to the two extending directions of the first sliding plate bracket group 111 respectively, so that the length of the bow head can be increased and the first sliding plate group can be increased. stability.
  • the second telescopic member 122 may be located between the third sliding plate bracket 1121 and the fourth sliding plate bracket 1122, and the second telescopic member 122 may have a third telescopic rod 1221 and a fourth telescopic rod 1222.
  • the third telescopic rod 1221 can be connected with the third slide bracket 1121
  • the fourth telescopic rod 1222 can be connected with the fourth slide bracket 1122 .
  • the extending direction of the third telescopic rod 1221 may be opposite to the extending direction of the fourth telescopic rod 1222 .
  • the second slide set may have a third slide 125 and a fourth slide 126 .
  • the third sliding plate 125 may be connected to a side of the third sliding plate bracket 1121 away from the sliding plate bracket.
  • the fourth sliding plate 126 may be connected to a side of the fourth sliding plate bracket 1122 away from the sliding plate bracket. Therefore, when the pantograph head 1 needs to be lengthened, the third telescopic rod 1221 and the fourth telescopic rod 1222 can push the third sliding plate bracket 1121 and the fourth sliding plate bracket 1122 to the position of the second sliding plate bracket group 112 respectively. Move in two extending directions to push the third sliding plate 125 and the fourth sliding plate 126 to move to the two extending directions of the second sliding plate bracket group 112 respectively, so as to increase the length of the bow head and increase the length of the second sliding plate group stability.
  • the first telescopic member may further have a first fixed sleeve 1213 , and the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod can slide in the first fixed sleeve 1213 .
  • the end of the first telescopic rod away from the first slide bracket can pass through one end of the first fixing sleeve 1213 and be located in the first fixing sleeve 1213, and the second telescopic rod is away from the second slide bracket.
  • One end can pass through the other end of the first fixing sleeve 1213 and be located in the first fixing sleeve 1213 .
  • the second telescopic element may also have a second fixed sleeve 1223, and the third telescopic rod and the fourth telescopic rod can slide in the second fixed sleeve 1223.
  • the end of the third telescopic rod away from the third slide bracket can pass through the end of the second fixing sleeve 1223 and be located in the second fixing sleeve 1223, and the fourth telescopic rod is away from the fourth slide bracket.
  • One end can pass through the other end of the second fixing sleeve 1223 and be located in the second fixing sleeve 1223 .
  • the contact structure may further include a first support plate 129 and a second support plate 130, the first support plate 129 may be connected with the first fixing sleeve 1213 and face away from the second skateboard bracket The direction of the group extends.
  • the second support plate 130 may be connected with the second fixing sleeve 1223 and extend in a direction away from the first skateboard bracket group. It should be noted that the present disclosure does not limit the connection method between the first support plate 129 and the first fixing sleeve 1213 and the connection method between the second support plate 130 and the second fixing sleeve 1223, which are all within the protection scope of the present disclosure. within.
  • first support plate 129 can also extend in the direction away from the second skateboard bracket group and in the direction close to the second skateboard bracket group at the same time, and the second support plate 130 can also extend away from the first skateboard bracket group and close to the first skateboard bracket group at the same time.
  • the direction of the skateboard bracket group extends.
  • the first support plate 129 may be connected to the bottom of the first fixing sleeve 1213 (ie, the side close to the ground), and the second support plate 130 may be connected to the bottom of the second fixing sleeve 1223 (ie, the side close to the ground). i.e. the side close to the ground) connection.
  • the contact structure may further include a fifth sliding plate bracket 1123 and a sixth sliding plate bracket 1124 .
  • the fifth sliding plate bracket 1123 can be connected to the first support plate 129 and is located on the side of the first sliding plate bracket group 111 away from the second sliding plate bracket group 112 .
  • the sixth sliding plate bracket 1124 can be connected with the second supporting plate 130 and is located on the side of the second sliding plate bracket group 112 away from the first sliding plate bracket group 112 and connected with the sliding plate bracket.
  • the above-mentioned contact structure can also have a fifth sliding plate 127 and a sixth sliding plate 128, wherein the fifth sliding plate 127 can be connected to the side of the fifth sliding plate bracket 1123 away from the first supporting plate 129, and the sixth sliding plate 128 It can be connected with a side of the sixth sliding plate bracket 1124 away from the second supporting plate 130 .
  • the fifth sliding plate 127 and the sixth sliding plate 128 can be fixed on the fifth sliding plate bracket 1123 and the sixth sliding plate bracket 1124 by bolts, but are not limited to this, and can also be connected in other ways, which are all described in this document within the scope of public protection.
  • the contact between the pantograph head 1 and the catenary can be further enhanced, so as to prevent the telescopic sliding plate from being damaged when the telescopic sliding plate is extended or retracted.
  • Skateboards may have problems with poor contact with the catenary.
  • the first sliding plate 123 , the second sliding plate 124 , the third sliding plate 125 , the fourth sliding plate 126 , the fifth sliding plate 127 and the sixth sliding plate 128 may all be immersion metal carbon sliding plates.
  • the metal-impregnated carbon sliding plate By using the metal-impregnated carbon sliding plate, the resistivity of the first sliding plate 123 , the second sliding plate 124 , the third sliding plate 125 , the fourth sliding plate 126 , the fifth sliding plate 127 and the sixth sliding plate 128 can be reduced, thereby reducing power loss.
  • the use of the metal-impregnated carbon sliding plate can also reduce the wear of the sliding plate and improve its impact resistance value, thereby increasing the service life of the sliding plate.
  • the present disclosure does not limit the materials of the first sliding plate 123 , the second sliding plate 124 , the third sliding plate 125 , the fourth sliding plate 126 , the fifth sliding plate 127 and the sixth sliding plate 128 , and other materials can also be used, such as non-dipped metal
  • the carbon materials, etc. are all within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
  • a second aspect of the present disclosure provides a pantograph, as shown in FIG. 3 , the pantograph may include a chassis 2 , a pantograph head 1 , a pantograph head lifting device 3 , a pantograph control Device 4 and connecting hinge mechanism 5.
  • the pantograph can adjust the length of the pantograph head 1, so as to meet the railway limits on railways in different countries and regions at the same time, and the pantograph provided by the present application does not require frequent disassembly compared to the prior art And install different pantographs, thus improving the running efficiency of the locomotive, saving a lot of manpower, and can effectively prevent the damage of the pantograph.
  • the present application does not need to install multiple pantographs with different pantograph heads 1 on the locomotive, but only needs to install one pantograph of the present application, thereby reducing the manufacturing and maintenance costs of the locomotive.
  • the bottom frame 2 may include a frame 21 , a confluence plate 22 and a baffle plate 23 .
  • the frame 21 can be connected to the roof of the locomotive, the confluence plate 22 can be connected to the frame 21 and the connecting hinge mechanism 5, the deflector 23 can be connected to the frame 21, and the deflector 23 can have a plurality of wiring through holes.
  • the guide plate 23 can also open wiring through holes arbitrarily on the guide plate 23, so as to facilitate wiring.
  • the two confluence plates 22 are respectively disposed on both sides of the frame 21 , and the two air guide plates 23 are also connected to the frame respectively.
  • the two sides of 21 are connected.
  • the guide plate 23 can be a copper plate. By setting the guide plate 23 as a copper plate, the current carrying capacity can be larger and the heat generation can be reduced, but it is not limited to this, and the guide plate 23 of other materials can also be used. within the scope of public protection.
  • a new type of conductive spray can be used for protection treatment to prevent corrosion on the connection surface of the deflector 23 and the frame 21, and can reduce the temperature rise at the connection.
  • the pantograph head 1 in the pantograph can be the pantograph head 1 described above, and the length of the pantograph head can be adjusted to meet the requirements of the catenary with different railway boundaries. Need, but not limited to, the pantograph head 1 described in the present disclosure may not be the above-mentioned pantograph head 1, or may be other pantograph heads 1, which are all within the protection scope of the present disclosure Inside.
  • the above-mentioned pantograph head lifting device 3 can be installed on the chassis 2 to receive a signal from the pantograph control device 4 to lift or lower the pantograph head 1 .
  • the above-mentioned pantograph control device 4 can be used to control the lifting or lowering of the pantograph head lifting device 3 , and to control the extension and contraction of the first telescopic member 121 and the second telescopic member 122 .
  • the pantograph control device 4 may include: an isolation valve 41 , a first solenoid valve 42 , a second solenoid valve 43 , a reversing valve 44 , a first pressure switch 45 , a second pressure switch 46 , a A pressure regulating valve 47 , a second pressure regulating valve 48 , a shuttle valve 49 , an ascending bow throttle valve 401 , a descending bow throttle valve 402 , and a safety valve 403 .
  • the inlet end of the isolation valve 41 can be connected with the compressed air inlet of the locomotive for receiving the compressed air of the locomotive, and the outlet end of the isolation valve 41 can be connected with the inlet end of the first solenoid valve 42 .
  • the outlet end of the first solenoid valve 42 can be connected to the inlet end of the reversing valve 44, the first outlet end of the reversing valve 44 can be connected to the inlet end of the first pressure regulating valve 47, and the second outlet end of the reversing valve 44 can be It is connected to the inlet end of the first pressure switch 45 and the second pressure regulating valve 48 .
  • the outlet end of the first pressure regulating valve 47 and the outlet end of the second pressure regulating valve 48 may be connected with the inlet end of the shuttle valve 49 .
  • the outlet end of the shuttle valve 49 can be connected with the inlet end of the ascending bow throttle valve 401
  • the outlet end of the ascending bow throttle valve 401 can be connected with the inlet end of the descending bow throttle valve 402
  • the outlet end of the descending bow throttle valve 402 It can be connected with the pantograph head lifting device 3 , the safety valve 403 and the inlet end of the second solenoid valve 43 .
  • the outlet end of the second solenoid valve 43 may be connected with the first telescopic element 121 and the second telescopic element 122 .
  • the second pressure switch 46 can be connected to the first sliding plate group and the second sliding plate group, and is used to judge whether the pantograph head 1 is in place.
  • the first pressure regulating valve 47 and the second pressure regulating valve 48 can be used to adjust the contact pressure between the pantograph head 1 and the catenary, so as to output compressed gas with constant pressure, and the precision deviation can be ⁇ 0.002Mpa.
  • the ascending bow throttle valve 401 and the descending bow throttle valve 402 can be used to adjust the timing of the ascending bow and the descending bow.
  • the safety valve 403 can play the role of protecting the gas path.
  • the pantograph control device 4 may further have an air filter 404 , a first pressure gauge 405 and a second pressure gauge 406 .
  • the air filter 404 can be used for compressed air in the past, and it can be arranged between the outlet end of the first solenoid valve 42 and the inlet end of the reversing valve 44 .
  • the first pressure gauge 405 is connected to the first pressure regulating valve 47
  • the second pressure gauge 406 is connected to the second pressure regulating valve 48 for observing the pressure of the gas in the pantograph control device 4 .
  • the solenoid reversing valve 44 supplies air to the first pressure regulating valve 47 and the second pressure regulating valve 48 .
  • the electromagnetic reversing valve 44 supplies air to the first pressure regulating valve 47 .
  • the electromagnetic reversing valve 44 When the high-voltage voltage transformer of the vehicle detects that the catenary is of the direct current system, the electromagnetic reversing valve 44 receives a high-level signal (eg, 110V direct current), so that the reversing occurs, so as to automatically supply air to the second pressure regulating valve 48 to The static contact force of the pantograph meets the current receiving condition of the DC catenary.
  • the compressed gas After passing through the first pressure regulating valve 47 or the second pressure regulating valve 48, the compressed gas enters the shuttle valve 49, the rising bow throttle valve 401, and the safety valve 403 to enter the pantograph head 1 lifting device 3 to control the pantograph The rise and fall of head 1.
  • the first solenoid valve 42 can be de-energized, and the pantograph head 1 can be lowered by its own weight.
  • the reversing valve 44 supplies air to the second pressure regulating valve 48 (that is, when the catenary is in the DC mode), the contact of the first pressure switch 45 is closed, and a high-level indication signal can be output to the locomotive to remind the driver at this time.
  • the pantograph is in DC working mode.
  • the reversing valve 44 supplies air to the first pressure regulating valve 47 (that is, when the contact line is in the AC system), the contact of the first pressure switch 45 is disconnected, and the first pressure switch 45 can output a low level to the locomotive at this time. Indicating signal to remind the driver that the pantograph is in AC working mode at this time.
  • the first solenoid valve 42 can be de-energized, and the pantograph head 1 is lowered by its own gravity.
  • the second solenoid valve 43 is powered on, so that the first telescopic element 121 and the second telescopic element 122 are stretched and retracted, so as to push out and pull back the first sliding plate group and the second sliding plate group, thus completing the Conversion of the length of the pantograph head 1.
  • the first solenoid valve 42 is opened, so that the pantograph head 1 is raised, so that the locomotive can smoothly pass through the transition period between the catenary of different railway boundaries.
  • the descending bow throttle valve 402 works, The gas in the lifting device 3 of the pantograph head 1 is quickly discharged through the descending throttle valve 402 , so as to realize the automatic descending, and the faulty pantograph is isolated through the isolation valve 41 . It should be noted that if there are tiny cracks and a small amount of air leakage in the slide set, the pantograph head 1 can still be raised, which belongs to the normal allowable range, and the slide set can be used normally.
  • the connecting hinge mechanism 5 may be installed on the chassis 2 and connected with the pantograph head 1 and the pantograph head lifting device 3 .
  • the connecting hinge mechanism 5 may include an upper arm 51 , a rotating shaft 52 and a lower arm 53 .
  • the upper arm 51 can be connected with the pantograph head 1
  • the rotating shaft 52 can be used for connecting the upper arm 51 and the lower arm 53
  • the lower arm 53 can be connected with the confluence board 22.
  • the connecting hinge mechanism 5 may further include a copper stranded wire 54 , and the copper stranded wire 54 can connect the upper arm 51 and the lower arm 53 . Therefore, the problem that the contact state of the pantograph head 1 is unstable due to the connection between the upper arm 51 and the lower arm 53 through the rotating shaft 52 can be solved. In addition, when a large current passes through the rotating shaft 52, the problem of excessively high temperature due to unstable contact state can be avoided.
  • the connection hinge mechanism 5 may have four copper stranded wires 54, but the present disclosure does not limit the number of copper stranded wires 54, which can be set according to actual needs, which are all within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
  • a third aspect of the present disclosure provides a method for controlling a pantograph, wherein the pantograph may be the pantograph described above. As shown in FIG. 7 , the control method for the pantograph may include:
  • Step S10 sending a lowering signal to the pantograph control device 4, so that the pantograph head lifting device 3 controls the pantograph head 1 to descend;
  • Step S20 sending the pantograph head 1 conversion signal to the pantograph control device 4, so that the first telescopic piece 121 and the second telescopic piece 122 are extended, so that the first slide bracket group 111 and the second telescopic piece 122 are extended.
  • the skateboard bracket group 112 moves along the extending direction of the first skateboard bracket group 111 and the second skateboard bracket group 112 respectively;
  • Step S30 sending a lift signal to the pantograph control device 4 , so that the pantograph head lifting device 3 controls the pantograph head 1 to lift.
  • a drop-down signal may be sent to the power receiving control device, so that the first solenoid valve 42 is de-energized, thereby cutting off the air circuit of the pantograph control device 4, so that the pantograph head 1 utilizes its own weight decline.
  • step S20 after the pantograph head 1 is lowered, a preset time may elapse, and a conversion signal of the pantograph head 1 may be sent to the second solenoid valve 43 , so that the compressed gas can enter through the second solenoid valve 43 .
  • the first telescopic piece 121 and the second telescopic piece 122 are extended, thereby dragging the first slide bracket group 111 and the second slide bracket set 112 along the first A slider bracket group 111 and a second slider bracket group 112 move in the direction to drive the first slider group and the second slider group to move in the direction of the first slider bracket group 111 and the second slider bracket group 112 respectively.
  • step S30 after the conversion of the pantograph head 1 is completed, a lift signal can be sent to the pantograph control device 4 to make the first solenoid valve 42 electrified, so that the compressed gas enters the pantograph head to rise and fall In the device 3, the pantograph head lifting device 3 controls the pantograph head 1 to lift.
  • the pantograph When the locomotive passes through the catenary bounded by two different railways, the pantograph does not need to be replaced, and the pantograph head 1 can be quickly converted, thereby improving the operation efficiency of the locomotive .

Abstract

本公开涉及一种受电弓弓头、受电弓和受电弓的控制方法，受电弓弓头包括：支撑结构，具有第一滑板托架组、第二滑板托架组、多个滑板支架，第一滑板托架组与第二滑板托架组相对设置，滑板支架与第一滑板托架组和第二滑板托架组连接；接触结构，具有伸缩式滑板，伸缩式滑板具有第一伸缩件、第二伸缩件、第一滑板组和第二滑板组，第一滑板组与第一滑板托架组远离滑板支架的一侧连接，第二滑板组与第二滑板托架组远离滑板支架的一侧连接，第一滑板托架组与第一伸缩件相连，第二滑板托架组与第二伸缩件相连，第一滑板托架组和第二滑板托架组能够分别沿第一滑板托架组和第二滑板托架组的延伸方向运动。该受电弓弓头能够调节滑板长度，以适应不同的铁路限界。

Description

受电弓弓头、受电弓和受电弓的控制方法
交叉引用
本公开要求于2020年10月15日提交的申请号为202011103907.2名称为“受电弓弓头、受电弓和受电弓的控制方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容通过引用全部并入本文。
技术领域
本公开涉及机车制造技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种受电弓弓头、受电弓和受电弓的控制方法。
背景技术
目前，由于不同国家和地区的铁路的铁路限界是不同的，这就要求机车的受电弓弓头滑板的长度不同。但是，在机车制造技术领域中，均在机车上安装的是受电弓弓头长度无法改变的受电弓，从而造成一个受电弓无法满足不同国家和地区铁路之间的铁路限界的要求。
因此，目前有两种解决方式来解决这一问题，一种方式是在机车从一种铁路限界的铁路驶入另一种铁路限界的铁路时更换受电弓。这种方式会造成机车运行效率的下降，人力资源的浪费，也会使得受电弓在频繁的拆卸和安装的过程中损坏。另一种方式是在机车上安装多个不同形式的受电弓，这种方式会使得机车的制造和维护的成本增加，也会占用机车车顶部大量的空间。
需要说明的是，在上述背景技术部分公开的信息仅用于加强对本公开的背景的理解，因此可包括不构成对本领域普通技术人员已知的现有技术的信息。
公开内容
本公开的目的在于克服上述现有技术的不足，提供一种受电弓弓头、受电弓和受电弓的控制方法，该受电弓弓头能够调节滑板长度，以适应不同国家和地区的铁路限界。
根据本公开的一个方面，提供了一种受电弓弓头，包括：
支撑结构，所述支撑结构具有第一滑板托架组、第二滑板托架组、多个滑板支架，所述第一滑板托架与所述第二滑板托架相对设置，所述滑板支架与所述第一滑板托架组和所述第二滑板托架组连接；
接触结构，所述接触结构具有伸缩式滑板，所述伸缩式滑板具有第一伸缩件、第二伸缩件、第一滑板组和第二滑板组，其中，所述第一滑板组与所述第一滑板托架组远离所述滑板支架的一侧连接，所述第二滑板组与所述第二滑板托架组远离所述滑板支架的一侧连接，所述第一滑板托架组与所述第一伸缩件相连，所述第二滑板托架组与所述第二伸缩件相连，且所述第一滑板托架组和所述第二滑板托架组能够分别沿所述第一滑板托架组和所述第二滑板托架组的延伸方向运动。
在本公开的一种示例性实施例中，所述第一滑板托架组具有第一滑板托架和第二滑板托架，
所述第一伸缩件位于所述第一滑板托架和所述第二滑板托架之间，且所述第一伸缩件具有第一伸缩杆和第二伸缩杆，所述第一伸缩杆与所述第一滑板托架连接，所述第二伸缩杆与所述第二滑板托架连接，所述第一伸缩杆的伸出方向和所述第二伸缩杆的伸出方向相反；
所述第一滑板组具有第一滑板和第二滑板，所述第一滑板与所述第一滑板托架远离所述滑板支架的一侧连接，所述第二滑板与所述第二滑板托架远离所述滑板支架的一侧连接。
在本公开的一种示例性实施例中，所述第二滑板托架具有第三滑板托架和第四滑板托架，且所述第三滑板托架与所述第一滑板托架相对设置，所述第四滑板托架与所述第二滑板托架相对设置；
所述第二伸缩件位于所述第三滑板托架和所述第四滑板托架之间，且所述第二伸缩件具有第三伸缩杆和第四伸缩杆，所述第三伸缩杆与所述第三滑板托架连接，所述第四伸缩杆与所述第四滑板托架连接，所述第三伸缩杆的伸出方向和所述第四伸缩杆的伸出方向相反；
所述第二滑板组具有第三滑板和第四滑板，所述第三滑板与所述第三滑板托架远离所述滑板支架的一侧连接，所述第四滑板与所述第四滑板托架远离所述滑板支架的一侧连接。
在本公开的一种示例性实施例中，所述第一伸缩件还具有第一固定套筒，所述第一伸缩杆和所述第二伸缩杆能够在所述第一固定套筒内滑动；所述第二伸缩件还具有第二固定套筒，所述第三伸缩杆和所述第四伸缩杆能够在所述第二固定套筒内滑动，所述接触结构还包括：
第一支撑板和第二支撑板，所述第一支撑板与所述第一固定套筒连接，并向远离所述第二滑板托架组的方向延伸，所述第二支撑板与所述第二固定套筒连接，并向远离所述第一滑板托架组的方向延伸；
第五滑板托架，所述第五滑板托架与所述第一支撑板连接，并位于所述第一滑板托架组远离所述第二滑板托架组的一侧；
第六滑板托架，所述第六滑板托架与所述第二支撑板连接，并位于所述第二滑板托架组远离所述第一滑板托架组的一侧；
第五滑板，所述第五滑板与所述第五滑板托架远离第一支撑板的一侧连接；
第六滑板，所述第六滑板与所述第六滑板托架远离第二支撑板的一侧连接。
在本公开的一种示例性实施例中，所述多个滑板支架至少包括：第一滑板支架和第二滑板支架，其中，所述第一滑板支架与所述第一滑板托架和所述第三滑板托架连接，所述第二滑板支架与所述第二滑板托架和所述第四滑板托架连接，
所述支撑结构还包括：
转轴，所述转轴具有第一端和第二端，所述第一端和所述第二端分别与所述第一滑板支架和所述第二滑板支架连接。
在本公开的一种示例性实施例中，所述支撑结构还包括：
第一端轴和第二端轴，所述第一端轴的一端与所述第一端转动连接，另一端与所述第一滑板支架连接，
所述第二端轴的一端与所述第二端转动连接，另一端与所述第二滑板支架连接。
在本公开的一种示例性实施例中，所述支撑结构，还包括：
第一拉簧元件，所述第一拉簧元件位于所述第一滑板支架上，并与所述第一端轴、所述第一滑板托架和所述第三滑板托架连接；
第二拉簧元件，所述第二拉簧元件位于所述第二滑板支架上，并与所述第二端轴、所述第二滑板托架和所述第四滑板托架连接。
根据本公开的另一个方面，提供了一种受电弓，包括：
底架；
受电弓弓头，所述受电弓弓头为上述任意一项所述的受电弓弓头；
受电弓弓头升降装置，所述受电弓升降装置安装于所述底架上，以用于抬升或下降所述受电弓弓头；
受电弓控制装置，所述受电弓控制装置用于控制所述受电弓弓头升降装置抬升或下降所述受电弓弓头，且所述受电弓控制装置用于控制所述第一伸缩件和所述第二伸缩件的伸出和收缩；
连接铰链机构，所述连接铰链机构安装于所述底架上，并与所述受电弓弓头和所述受电弓弓头升降装置连接。
在本公开的一种示例性实施例中，所述底架包括：
框架；
汇流板，所述汇流板与所述框架和所述连接铰链机构连接；
导流板，所述导流板与所述框架连接，且所述导流板具有多个接线通孔。
根据本公开的再一个方面，提供了一种受电弓的控制方法，所述受电弓为上述任意一项所述的受电弓，所述受电弓的控制方法，包括：
向所述受电弓控制装置发送降弓信号，以使得所述受电弓弓头升降装置控制所述受电弓弓头下降；
向所述受电弓控制装置发送受电弓弓头转换信号，以使得所述第一伸缩件和所述第二伸缩件伸出，以使得所述第一滑板托架组和所述第二滑板托架组分别沿所述第一滑板托架组和所述第二滑板托架组延伸的方向运动；
向所述受电弓控制装置发送升弓信号，以使得所述受电弓弓头升降装置控制所述受电弓弓头抬升。
本公开的受电弓弓头的接触结构具有伸缩式滑板，该伸缩式滑板可以具有第一伸缩件、第二伸缩件、第一滑板组和第二滑板组。通过第一伸缩件和第二伸缩件，能够驱动第一滑板托架组和第二滑板托架组分别 沿第一滑板托架组和第二滑板托架组的延伸方向运动，从而带动第一滑板组和第二滑板组分别沿第一滑板托架组和第二滑板托架组的延伸方向运动。当机车从一种铁路限界的铁路驶入另一种铁路限界的铁路时，能够通过第一伸缩件和第二伸缩件改变受电弓弓头的长度，从而适应另一种铁路限界。
通过将受电弓弓头设置为可调调节长度的弓头时，能够同时满足不同国家和地区的铁路上的铁路限界。因此，本申请提供的受电弓弓头相比于现有的方案来说，不需要频繁拆卸和安装不同的受电弓弓头，进而提高了机车的运行效率，节省了大量的人力，并能够有效防止受电弓弓头损坏。同时，由于机车在更换不同的受电弓弓头时，需要更换不同的受电弓，从而本申请能够进一步的减少拆卸和安装不同受电弓的次数，更进一步地提高机车的运行效率。并且，本申请在机车上不需要设置多个不同形式的受电弓弓头，只需要设置一个本申请所提供的受电弓弓头即可，从而降低了机车的制造和维护成本。
应当理解的是，以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性和解释性的，并不能限制本公开。
附图说明
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分，示出了符合本公开的实施例，并与说明书一起用于解释本公开的原理。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为根据本公开一示例性实施例的受电弓弓头的第一视角的结构示意图。
图2为根据本公开一示例性实施例的受电弓弓头的第二视角的结构示意图。
图3为根据本公开一示例性实施例的受电弓的结构示意图。
图4为根据本公开一示例性实施例的底架的结构示意图。
图5为根据本公开一示例性实施例的受电弓控制装置的原理示意图。
图6为根据本公开一示例性实施例的连接铰链机构的结构示意图。
图7为根据本公开一示例性实施例的受电弓的控制方法的流程示意图。
附图标记说明：
1、受电弓弓头；2、底架；3、受电弓弓头升降装置；4、受电弓控制装置；5、连接铰链机构；21、框架；22、汇流板；23、导流板；41、隔离阀；42、第一电磁阀；43、第二电磁阀；44、换向阀；45、第一压力开关；46、第二压力开关；47、第一调压阀；48、第二调压阀；49、梭阀；51、上臂；52、转动轴；53、下臂；54、铜绞线；111、第一滑板托架组；112、第二滑板托架组；113、第一滑板支架；114、第二滑板支架；115、转轴；116、第一端轴；117、第二端轴；118、第一拉簧元件；119、第二拉簧元件；121、第一伸缩件；122、第二伸缩件；123、第一滑板；124、第二滑板；125、第三滑板；126、第四滑板；127、第五滑板；128、第六滑板；129、第一支撑板；130、第二支撑板；401、升弓节流阀；402、降弓节流阀；403、安全阀；404、空气滤清器；405、第一压力表；406、第二压力表；1111、第一滑板托架；1112、第二滑板托架；1121、第三滑板托架；1122、第四滑板托架；1123、第五滑板托架；1124、第六滑板托架；1211、第一伸缩杆；1212、第二伸缩杆；
1213、第一固定套筒；1221、第三伸缩杆；1222、第四伸缩杆；1223、第二固定套筒。
具体实施方式
现在将参考附图更全面地描述示例实施方式。然而，示例实施方式能够以多种形式实施，且不应被理解为限于在此阐述的实施方式；相反，提供这些实施方式使得本公开将全面和完整，并将示例实施方式的构思全面地传达给本领域的技术人员。图中相同的附图标记表示相同或类似的结构，因而将省略它们的详细描述。
虽然本说明书中使用相对性的用语，例如“上”“下”来描述图标的一个组件对于另一组件的相对关系，但是这些术语用于本说明书中仅出于方便，例如根据附图中所述的示例的方向。能理解的是，如果将图标的装置翻转使其上下颠倒，则所叙述在“上”的组件将会成为在“下” 的组件。当某结构在其它结构“上”时，有可能是指某结构一体形成于其它结构上，或指某结构“直接”设置在其它结构上，或指某结构通过另一结构“间接”设置在其它结构上。
用语“一个”、“一”、“该”、“所述”用以表示存在一个或多个要素/组成部分/等；用语“包括”和“具有”用以表示开放式的包括在内的意思并且是指除了列出的要素/组成部分/等之外还可存在另外的要素/组成部分/等；用语“第一”和“第二”等仅作为标记使用，不是对其对象的数量限制。
如图1和2所示，本公开第一方面提供了一种受电弓弓头1，该受电弓弓头1可以包括支撑结构和接触结构。该受电弓弓头1能够调节其长度，从而能够同时满足不同国家和地区的铁路上的铁路限界，而不需要频繁拆卸和安装不同的受电弓弓头1，更不需要频繁拆卸和安装不同的受电弓，进而提高了机车的运行效率，节省了大量的人力，并能够有效防止受电弓弓头1损坏。
详细说明，该受电弓弓头1可以包括支撑结构和接触结构，其中，支撑结构可以具有第一滑板托架组111、第二滑板托架组112和多个滑板支架。第一滑板托架组111和第二滑板托架组112可以相对设置，滑板支架可以与第一滑板托架组111和第二滑板托架组112连接。
在本公开的一个实施例中，第一滑板托架组111可以具有第一滑板托架1111和第二滑板托架1112；第二滑板托架组112可以具有第三滑板托架1121和第四滑板托架1122。其中，第一滑板托架1111可以与第三滑板托架1121相对设置，第二滑板托架1112可以与第四滑板托架1122相对设置。
该第一滑板托架1111、第二滑板托架1112、第三滑板托架1121和第四滑板托架1122均可以为单根杆状结构，但不限于此，第一滑板托架1111、第二滑板托架1112、第三滑板托架1121和第四滑板托架1122也可以为板状结构，这均在本公开的保护范围之内。第一滑板托架1111、第二滑板托架1112、第三滑板托架1121和第四滑板托架1122的长度可以相同，但是也可以不同，第一滑板托架1111、第二滑板托架1112、第三滑板托架1121和第四滑板托架1122的长度可以根据实际需要设置。
第一滑板托架1111和第三滑板托架1121相对设置即为第一滑板托架和第三滑板托架平行设置，且第一滑板托架1111和第三滑板托架1121之间存在间隙。当第一滑板托架1111和第三滑板托架1121的长度相同时，第一滑板托架1111和第三滑板托架1121相对设置时，第一滑板托架1111的两端可以与第三滑板托架1121的两端对齐。
第二滑板托架1112和第四滑板托架1122相对设置即为第二滑板托架1112和第四滑板托架1122平行设置，且第二滑板托架1112和第四滑板托架1122之间存在间隙。当第二滑板托架1112和第四滑板托架1122的长度相同时，第二滑板托架1112和第四滑板托架1122相对设置时，第二滑板托架1112的两端可以与第四滑板托架1122的两端对齐。
滑板支架可以为杆状结构或者板状结构，但不限于此，该滑板支架也可以为其他结构。该滑板支架可以将第一滑板托架组111和第二滑板托架组112固定，并且可以放置在第一滑板托架组111和第二滑板托架组112的任意位置。
在本公开的一个实施例中，多个滑板支架可以至少包括第一滑板支架113和第二滑板支架114，其中第一滑板支架113可以与第一滑板托架1111和第三滑板托架1121连接，第二滑板支架114可以与第二滑板托架1112和第四滑板托架1122连接。
进一步的，该第一滑板支架113可以位于第一滑板托架1111远离第二滑板托架1112的一端，并与第三滑板托架1121远离第四滑板托架1122的一端连接。第二滑板支架114位于第二滑板托架1112远离第一滑板托架1111的一端，并与第四滑板托架1122远离第三滑板托架1121的一端连接。通过设置第一滑板支架113和第二滑板支架114可以更好地固定第一滑板托架组111和第二滑板托架组112，以使第一滑板托架组111和第二滑板托架组112在使用的过程中不会产生变形。但是本公开对支撑结构中的多个滑板支架的数量不做限定，例如，支撑结构中的多个滑板支架还可以具有三个滑板支架、第四滑板支架等，可以根据实际需要设置，这均在本公开的保护范围之内。
进一步的，该支撑结构还可以具有转轴115，该转轴115可以具有第一端和第二端，其中第一端和第二端可以分别与第一滑板支架113和 第二滑板支架114连接。
更进一步的，该支撑结构还可以具有第一端轴116和第二端轴117。其中，第一端轴116的一端可以与转轴115的第一端转动连接，第一端轴116的另一端可以与第一滑板支架113连接。举例而言，该第一端轴116的一端通过轴套与转轴的第一端转动连接。
第二端轴117的一端可以与转轴115的第二端转动连接，第二端轴117的另一端可以与第二滑板支架114连接。举例而言，该第二端轴117的一端通过轴套与转轴的第二端转动连接。
另外，该支撑结构还可以具有第一拉簧元件118和第二拉簧元件119。其中，第一拉簧元件118可以位于第一滑板支架113上，并与第一端轴116、第一滑板托架1111和第三滑板托架1121连接。第二拉簧元件119可以位于第二滑板支架114上，并与第二端轴117、第二滑板托架1112和第四滑板托架1122连接。
通过在支撑结构中设置转轴115、第一端轴116、第二端轴117、第一拉簧元件和第二拉簧元件119，可以使得第一滑板托架组111和第二滑板托架组112随时随着机车运行过程中的上下震动调整角度，从而使得拉簧元件的拉力可以始终保持滑板与接触网可靠接触。
除此之外，所述支撑结构还可以包括弓角120，该弓角120可以设置在第一滑板托架组111和第二滑板托架组112的两端，以使得该受电弓弓头1能够更加顺利地从一种铁路限界的接触网过渡至另一种铁路限界的接触网。
接触结构可以具有伸缩式滑板，该伸缩式滑板可以具有第一伸缩件121、第二伸缩件122、第一滑板组和第二滑板组。其中，第一滑板组可以与第一滑板托架组111远离滑板支架的一侧连接，第二滑板组可以与第二滑板托架组112远离滑板支架的一侧连接。并且，第一滑板托架组111可以与第一伸缩件121相连，第二滑板托架组112可以与第二伸缩件122相连，且第一滑板托架组和第二滑板托架组能够分别沿第一滑板托架组111和第二滑板托架组112的延伸方向运动，从而带动第一滑板组和第二滑板组分别沿第一滑板托架组111和第二滑板托架组112的延伸方向运动。
当受电弓弓头1需要加长弓头长度时，可以利用第一伸缩件121和第二伸缩件122将第一滑板托架组111和第二滑板托架组112推出，使得第一滑板托架组111和第二滑板托架组112向第一滑板托架组111和第二滑板托架组112延伸的方向运动(即：第一滑板托架组111和第二滑板托架组112的两端)，从而加长了受电弓弓头1的长度；当受电弓弓头1需要减小弓头长度时，可以利用第一伸缩件121和第二伸缩件122将第一滑板托架组111和第二滑板托架组112拉回，从而减少了受电弓弓头1的长度。通过第一伸缩件121和第二伸缩件122来推动和拉回第一滑板托架组111和第二滑板托架组112，以推动和拉回第一滑板组和第二滑板组，从而能够保证该受电弓弓头1优良的受流功能。
同时，在接触结构中设置两组滑板，可以减轻每组滑板的质量，从而保证每组滑板可以迅速的根据接触网的走向变换角度，保证了受电弓弓头1和接触网优良的跟随性。
进一步的，上述第一伸缩件121和第二伸缩件122可以为气动伸缩杆，但不限于此，也可以为其他能够伸缩的元件，例如液压伸缩杆等，这均在本公开的保护范围之内。
在本公开的一个实施例中，第一伸缩件121可以位于第一滑板托架1111和第二滑板托架1112之间。第一伸缩件121可以具有第一伸缩杆1211和第二伸缩杆1212。其中，第一伸缩杆1211可以与第一滑板托架连接，第二伸缩杆1212可以与第二滑板托架1112连接，该第一伸缩杆1211的伸出方向可以与第二伸缩杆1212的伸出方向相反。
第一滑板组可以具有第一滑板123和第二滑板124，其中，第一滑板123可以与第一滑板托架1111远离滑板支架的一侧连接。第二滑板124可以与第二滑板托架1112远离滑板支架的一侧连接。从而，当受电弓弓头1需要加长时，第一伸缩杆1211和第二伸缩杆1212可以分别推动第一滑板托架1111和第二滑板托架1112分别向第一滑板托架组111的两个延伸方向运动，以推动第一滑板123和第二滑板124分别向第一滑板托架组111的两个延伸方向运动，从而能够增加弓头加长的长度，并能够增加该第一滑板组的稳定性。
进一步的，第二伸缩件122可以位于第三滑板托架1121和第四滑板 托架1122之间，且第二伸缩件122可以具有第三伸缩杆1221和第四伸缩杆1222。其中，第三伸缩杆1221可以与第三滑板托架1121连接，第四伸缩杆1222可以与第四滑板托架1122连接。该第三伸缩杆1221的伸出方向可以与第四伸缩杆1222的伸出方向相反。
第二滑板组可以具有第三滑板125和第四滑板126。其中，第三滑板125可以与第三滑板托架1121远离滑板支架的一侧连接。第四滑板126可以与第四滑板托架1122远离滑板支架的一侧连接。从而，当受电弓弓头1需要加长时，第三伸缩杆1221和第四伸缩杆1222可以分别推动第三滑板托架1121和第四滑板托架1122分别向第二滑板托架组112的两个延伸方向运动，以推动第三滑板125和第四滑板126分别向第二滑板托架组112的两个延伸方向运动，从而能够增加弓头加长的长度，并能够增加该第二滑板组的稳定性。
在本公开的一个实施例中，如图1所示，第一伸缩件还可以具有第一固定套筒1213，第一伸缩杆和第二伸缩杆能够在第一固定套筒1213内滑动。可以理解的是，第一伸缩杆远离第一滑板托架的一端可以穿过第一固定套筒1213的一端，并位于第一固定套筒1213内，第二伸缩杆远离第二滑板托架的一端可以穿过第一固定套筒1213的另一端，并位于第一固定套筒1213内。
第二伸缩件还可以具有第二固定套筒1223，第三伸缩杆和第四伸缩杆能够在第二固定套筒1223内滑动。可以理解的是，第三伸缩杆远离第三滑板托架的一端可以穿过第二固定套筒1223的一端，并位于第二固定套筒1223内，第四伸缩杆远离第四滑板托架的一端可以穿过第二固定套筒1223的另一端，并位于第二固定套筒1223内。
在本公开的一个实施例中，接触结构还可以包括第一支撑板129和第二支撑板130，该第一支撑板129可以与第一固定套筒1213连接，并向远离第二滑板托架组的方向延伸。第二支撑板130可以与第二固定套筒1223连接，并向远离第一滑板托架组的方向延伸。需要说明的是，本公开对第一支撑板129和第一固定套筒1213的连接方式以及第二支撑板130和第二固定套筒1223的连接方式不做限定，均在本公开的保护范围之内。同时，第一支撑板129也可以同时向远离第二滑板托架组和靠 近第二滑板托架组的方向延伸，第二支撑板130也可以同时向远离第一滑板托架组和靠近第一滑板托架组的方向延伸。
在本公开的一个实施例中，第一支撑板129可以与第一固定套筒1213的底部(即靠近地面的一侧)连接，第二支撑板130可以与第二固定套筒1223的底部(即靠近地面的一侧)连接。
进一步的，接触结构还可以包括第五滑板托架1123和第六滑板托架1124。其中，第五滑板托架1123可以与第一支撑板129连接，并位于第一滑板托架组111远离第二滑板托架组112的一侧。第六滑板托架1124可以与第二支撑板130连接，并位于第二滑板托架组112远离第一滑板托架组112的一侧，并与滑板支架连接。
除此之外，上述接触结构还可以具有第五滑板127和第六滑板128，其中，第五滑板127可以与第五滑板托架1123远离第一支撑板129的一侧连接，第六滑板128可以与第六滑板托架1124远离第二支撑板130的一侧连接。需要说明的是，第五滑板127和第六滑板128可以通过螺栓固定在第五滑板托架1123和第六滑板托架1124上，但不限于此，也可以使用其他方式连接，这均在本公开的保护范围之内。
通过在接触结构中设置第五滑板127和第六滑板128，从而能够进一步的增强该受电弓弓头1与接触网的接触性，以防止由于伸缩式滑板伸出或者缩回时，伸缩式滑板有可能与接触网接触不良的问题。
在本公开的一个实施例中，上述第一滑板123、第二滑板124、第三滑板125、第四滑板126、第五滑板127和第六滑板128均可以为浸金属碳滑板。通过使用浸金属碳滑板能够减少第一滑板123、第二滑板124、第三滑板125、第四滑板126、第五滑板127和第六滑板128的电阻系数，从而减少了电力损耗。并且，使用浸金属碳滑板还能够减少上述滑板的磨损，并提高其耐冲击值，从而增加了上述滑板的使用寿命。但本公开对第一滑板123、第二滑板124、第三滑板125、第四滑板126、第五滑板127和第六滑板128的材质不做限定，也可以使用其他材质，例如：不浸金属的碳材质等，这均在本公开的保护范围之内。
本公开的第二方面提供了一种受电弓，如图3所示，该受电弓可以包括底架2、受电弓弓头1、受电弓弓头升降装置3、受电弓控制装置4 和连接铰链机构5。该受电弓能够调节受电弓弓头1的长度，从而能够同时满足不同国家和地区铁路上的铁路限界，进而本申请提供的受电弓相比于现有技术来说，不需要频繁拆卸和安装不同的受电弓，从而提高了机车的运行效率，节省了大量的人力，并能够有效防止受电弓损坏。同时，本申请在机车上也不需要设置多个具有不同形式受电弓弓头1的受电弓，只需设置一个本申请的受电弓即可，从而降低了机车的制造和维护成本。
详细说明，如图4所示，底架2可以包括框架21、汇流板22和导流板23。其中，框架21可以和机车的车顶连接，汇流板22可以与框架21和连接铰链机构5连接，导流板23可以与框架21连接，且该导流板23可以具有多个接线通孔。通过安装导流板23，可以满足大电流的传递，以解决汇流板22因承载大电流而造成异常升温的问题。并且该导流板23还可以根据机车上的高压设备的位置，在导流板23上任意开设接线通孔，从而便于走线。
在本公开的一个实施例中，汇流板22可以具有两个，导流板23也可以具有两个，两个汇流板22分别设置在框架21的两边，两个导流板23也分别与框架21的两边连接。
导流板23可以为铜板，通过将导流板23设置为铜板能够使得其电流承载力更大，发热更少，但不限于此，也可以采用其他材质的导流板23，这均在本公开的保护范围之内。
同时，在导流板23与框架21的连接位置，可以使用新型导电喷涂剂进行防护处理，以预防导流板23与框架21的连接面发生锈蚀，并能够减少连接处的温升。
在本公开的一个实施例中，该受电弓中的受电弓弓头1可以为上述所述的受电弓弓头1，其可以调节弓头长度，以满足不同铁路限界的接触网的需要，但不限于此，本公开所述的受电弓弓头1也可以不为上述受电弓弓头1，也可以为其他受电弓弓头1，这均在本公开的保护范围之内。
上述受电弓弓头升降装置3可以安装在底架2上，以用于接收受电弓控制装置4的信号来抬升或下降受电弓弓头1。
上述受电弓控制装置4可以用于控制受电弓弓头升降装置3抬升或下降，并用于控制第一伸缩件121和第二伸缩件122伸出和收缩。如图5所示，该受电弓控制装置4可以包括：隔离阀41、第一电磁阀42、第二电磁阀43、换向阀44、第一压力开关45、第二压力开关46、第一调压阀47、第二调压阀48、梭阀49、升弓节流阀401、降弓节流阀402、安全阀403。
具体的，隔离阀41的入口端可以与机车压缩空气入口连接，以用于接收机车的压缩空气，隔离阀41的出口端可以与第一电磁阀42的入口端连接。第一电磁阀42的出口端可以与换向阀44的入口端，换向阀44的第一出口端可以与第一调压阀47的入口端连接，换向阀44的第二出口端可以与第一压力开关45和第二调压阀48的入口端连接。第一调压阀47的出口端和第二调压阀48的出口端可以与梭阀49的入口端连接。梭阀49的出口端可以与升弓节流阀401的入口端连接，升弓节流阀401的出口端可以与降弓节流阀402的入口端连接，降弓节流阀402的出口端可以与受电弓弓头升降装置3、安全阀403和第二电磁阀43的入口端连接。第二电磁阀43的出口端可以与第一伸缩件121和第二伸缩件122相连。第二压力开关46可以与第一滑板组和第二滑板组连接，以用于判受电弓弓头1是否升弓到位。其中，第一调压阀47和第二调压阀48可以用于调节受电弓弓头1与接触网的接触压力，以输出压力恒定的压缩气体，其精度偏差可以为±0.002Mpa。升弓节流阀401和降弓节流阀402可以用于调整升弓和降弓的时间。安全阀403可以起到保护气路的作用。
在本公开的一个实施例中，该受电弓控制装置4还可以具有空气滤清器404、第一压力表405和第二压力表406。其中，空气滤清器404可以用于过去压缩空气，其可以设置在第一电磁阀42的出口端与换向阀44的入口端之间。第一压力表405与第一调压阀47连接，第二压力表406与第二调压阀48连接，以用于观测受电弓控制装置4中气体的压力。
当第一电磁阀42接收到升弓信号后，压缩空气经过空气滤清器404进行过滤处理后，由电磁换向阀44向第一调压阀47和第二调压阀48 供气。当车辆高压电压互感器检测到接触网为交流制式时，电磁换向阀44向第一调压阀47供气。当车辆高压电压互感器检测到接触网为直流制式时，电磁换向阀44接收到高电平信号(例如110V直流电)，从而发生换向，以自动向第二调压阀48供气，以满足受电弓静态接触力符合直流接触网条件下的受流。压缩气体经过第一调压阀47或第二调压阀48后进入梭阀49、升弓节流阀401、安全阀403，以进入受电弓弓头1升降装置3从而控制受电弓弓头1的升起和下降。需要说明的是，受电弓弓头1需要下降时，可以使第一电磁阀42失电，利用受电弓弓头1的自重下降。
当换向阀44向第二调压阀48供气时(即接触网为直流制式时)，第一压力开关45的触点闭合，可以向机车输出高电平指示信号，以提醒司机此时受电弓处于直流工作模式。当换向阀44向第一调压阀47供气时(即接触网为交流制式时)，第一压力开关45的触点断开，此时第一压力开关45可以向机车输出低电平指示信号，以提醒司机此时受电弓处于交流工作模式。
当受电弓经过不同接触网之间的过渡区时，可以使得第一电磁阀42失电，受电弓弓头1靠自身重力下降。通过预先设定的延时时间后，第二电磁阀43得电，从而使得第一伸缩件121和第二伸缩件122伸缩，以推出和拉回第一滑板组和第二滑板组，从而完成受电弓弓头1长度的转换。随后开启第一电磁阀42，使得受电弓弓头1升起，从而使得机车顺利渡过不同铁路限界的接触网之间的过渡期。
由于第一滑板组、第二滑板组、第三滑板组、第四滑板组内均设置有风道，如果滑板组中发生空气泄漏，达到一定压力差值后，降弓节流阀402工作，受电弓弓头1升降装置3中的气体通过降弓节流阀402迅速排出，从而实现自动降弓，并通过隔离阀41将发生故障的受电弓隔离。需要说明的是，若滑板组中存在微小裂隙和少量漏气，受电弓弓头1仍能够升起，则属于正常允许的范围，该滑板组可以正常使用。
在本公开的一个实施例中，连接铰链机构5可以安装在底架2上，并与受电弓弓头1和受电弓弓头升降装置3连接。具体地，如图6所示，该连接铰链机构5可以包括上臂51、转动轴52和下臂53。上臂51可以 与受电弓弓头1连接，转动轴52可以用于连接上臂51和下臂53，下臂53可以与汇流板22连接。
进一步的，该连接铰链机构5还可以包括铜绞线54，该铜绞线54可以连接上臂51和下臂53。从而能够解决由于上臂51和下臂53之间通过转动轴52连接，而造成受电弓弓头1的接触状态不稳定的问题。并且还能够避免大电流通过转动轴52处时，因接触状态不稳定而造成升温过高的问题。举例而言，该连接铰链机构5可以具有四根铜绞线54，但是本公开对铜绞线54的数量不做限定，可以根据实际需要设定，这均在本公开的保护范围之内。
本公开的第三方面提供了一种受电弓的控制方法，其中，该受电弓可以为上述所述的受电弓，如图7所示，该受电弓的控制方法可以包括：
步骤S10、向受电弓控制装置4发送降弓信号，以使得受电弓弓头升降装置3控制受电弓弓头1下降；
步骤S20、向受电弓控制装置4发送受电弓弓头1转换信号，以使得第一伸缩件121和所述第二伸缩件122伸出，以使得第一滑板托架组111和第二滑板托架组112分别沿第一滑板托架组111和第二滑板托架组112延伸的方向运动；
步骤S30、向受电弓控制装置4发送升弓信号，以使得受电弓弓头升降装置3控制受电弓弓头1抬升。
下面对上述步骤进行详细说明，
在步骤S10中，可以向受电控制装置发送降弓信号，以使得第一电磁阀42失电，从而切断受电弓控制装置4的气路，以使得受电弓弓头1利用自身的自重下降。
在步骤S20中，可以在受电弓弓头1下降完成后，经过预设的时间，向第二电磁阀43发送受电弓弓头1转换信号，从而压缩气体能够通过第二电磁阀43进入第一伸缩件121和第二伸缩件122中，以使得第一伸缩件121和第二伸缩件122伸出，从而拖动第一滑板托架组111和第二滑板托架组112分别沿第一滑板托架组111和第二滑板托架组112的方向运动，以带动第一滑板组和第二滑板组分别沿第一滑板托架组111和第 二滑板托架组112的方向运动。
在步骤S30中，当受电弓弓头1转换完成后，可以向受电弓控制装置4发送升弓信号，以使得第一电磁阀42得电，从而使得压缩气体进入受电弓弓头升降装置3中，以使得受电弓弓头升降装置3控制受电弓弓头1抬升。
通过该受电弓的控制方法，能够使得机车经过两个不同铁路限界的接触网时，不需要更换受电弓，而能够快速的进行受电弓弓头1转换，从而提高了机车运行的效率。
本领域技术人员在考虑说明书及实践这里公开的发明后，将容易想到本公开的其它实施方案。本公开旨在涵盖本公开的任何变型、用途或者适应性变化，这些变型、用途或者适应性变化遵循本公开的一般性原理并包括本公开未公开的本技术领域中的公知常识或惯用技术手段。说明书和实施例仅被视为示例性的，本公开的真正范围和精神由所附的权利要求指出。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种受电弓弓头，其中，包括：
    支撑结构，所述支撑结构具有第一滑板托架组、第二滑板托架组、多个滑板支架，所述第一滑板托架与所述第二滑板托架相对设置，所述滑板支架与所述第一滑板托架组和所述第二滑板托架组连接；
    接触结构，所述接触结构具有伸缩式滑板，所述伸缩式滑板具有第一伸缩件、第二伸缩件、第一滑板组和第二滑板组，其中，所述第一滑板组与所述第一滑板托架组远离所述滑板支架的一侧连接，所述第二滑板组与所述第二滑板托架组远离所述滑板支架的一侧连接，所述第一滑板托架组与所述第一伸缩件相连，所述第二滑板托架组与所述第二伸缩件相连，且所述第一滑板托架组和所述第二滑板托架组能够分别沿所述第一滑板托架组和所述第二滑板托架组的延伸方向运动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的受电弓弓头，其中，
    所述第一滑板托架组具有第一滑板托架和第二滑板托架，
    所述第一伸缩件位于所述第一滑板托架和所述第二滑板托架之间，且所述第一伸缩件具有第一伸缩杆和第二伸缩杆，所述第一伸缩杆与所述第一滑板托架连接，所述第二伸缩杆与所述第二滑板托架连接，所述第一伸缩杆的伸出方向和所述第二伸缩杆的伸出方向相反；
    所述第一滑板组具有第一滑板和第二滑板，所述第一滑板与所述第一滑板托架远离所述滑板支架的一侧连接，所述第二滑板与所述第二滑板托架远离所述滑板支架的一侧连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的受电弓弓头，其中，
    所述第二滑板托架具有第三滑板托架和第四滑板托架，且所述第三滑板托架与所述第一滑板托架相对设置，所述第四滑板托架与所述第二滑板托架相对设置；
    所述第二伸缩件位于所述第三滑板托架和所述第四滑板托架之间，且所述第二伸缩件具有第三伸缩杆和第四伸缩杆，所述第三伸缩杆与所述第三滑板托架连接，所述第四伸缩杆与所述第四滑板托架连接，所述第三伸缩杆的伸出方向和所述第四伸缩杆的伸出方向相反；
    所述第二滑板组具有第三滑板和第四滑板，所述第三滑板与所述第 三滑板托架远离所述滑板支架的一侧连接，所述第四滑板与所述第四滑板托架远离所述滑板支架的一侧连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的受电弓弓头，其中，所述第一伸缩件还具有第一固定套筒，所述第一伸缩杆和所述第二伸缩杆能够在所述第一固定套筒内滑动；所述第二伸缩件还具有第二固定套筒，所述第三伸缩杆和所述第四伸缩杆能够在所述第二固定套筒内滑动，所述接触结构还包括：
    第一支撑板和第二支撑板，所述第一支撑板与所述第一固定套筒连接，并向远离所述第二滑板托架组的方向延伸，所述第二支撑板与所述第二固定套筒连接，并向远离所述第一滑板托架组的方向延伸；
    第五滑板托架，所述第五滑板托架与所述第一支撑板连接，并位于所述第一滑板托架组远离所述第二滑板托架组的一侧；
    第六滑板托架，所述第六滑板托架与所述第二支撑板连接，并位于所述第二滑板托架组远离所述第一滑板托架组的一侧；
    第五滑板，所述第五滑板与所述第五滑板托架远离第一支撑板的一侧连接；
    第六滑板，所述第六滑板与所述第六滑板托架远离第二支撑板的一侧连接。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的受电弓弓头，其中，
    所述多个滑板支架至少包括：第一滑板支架和第二滑板支架，其中，所述第一滑板支架与所述第一滑板托架和所述第三滑板托架连接，所述第二滑板支架与所述第二滑板托架和所述第四滑板托架连接，
    所述支撑结构还包括：
    转轴，所述转轴具有第一端和第二端，所述第一端和所述第二端分别与所述第一滑板支架和所述第二滑板支架连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的受电弓弓头，其中，所述支撑结构还包括：
    第一端轴和第二端轴，所述第一端轴的一端与所述第一端转动连接，另一端与所述第一滑板支架连接，
    所述第二端轴的一端与所述第二端转动连接，另一端与所述第二滑板支架连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的受电弓弓头，其中，所述支撑结构，还包括：
    第一拉簧元件，所述第一拉簧元件位于所述第一滑板支架上，并与所述第一端轴、所述第一滑板托架和所述第三滑板托架连接；
    第二拉簧元件，所述第二拉簧元件位于所述第二滑板支架上，并与所述第二端轴、所述第二滑板托架和所述第四滑板托架连接。
  8. 一种受电弓，其中，包括：
    底架；
    受电弓弓头，所述受电弓弓头为权利要求1～7任意一项所述的受电弓弓头；
    受电弓弓头升降装置，所述受电弓升降装置安装于所述底架上，以用于抬升或下降所述受电弓弓头；
    受电弓控制装置，所述受电弓控制装置用于控制所述受电弓弓头升降装置抬升或下降所述受电弓弓头，且所述受电弓控制装置用于控制所述第一伸缩件和所述第二伸缩件的伸出和收缩；
    连接铰链机构，所述连接铰链机构安装于所述底架上，并与所述受电弓弓头和所述受电弓弓头升降装置连接。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的受电弓，其中，所述底架包括：
    框架；
    汇流板，所述汇流板与所述框架和所述连接铰链机构连接；
    导流板，所述导流板与所述框架连接，且所述导流板具有多个接线通孔。
  10. 一种受电弓的控制方法，其中，所述受电弓为权利要求8～9任意一项所述的受电弓，所述受电弓的控制方法，包括：
    向所述受电弓控制装置发送降弓信号，以使得所述受电弓弓头升降装置控制所述受电弓弓头下降；
    向所述受电弓控制装置发送受电弓弓头转换信号，以使得所述第一伸缩件和所述第二伸缩件伸出，以使得所述第一滑板托架组和所述第二滑板托架组分别沿所述第一滑板托架组和所述第二滑板托架组延伸的方向运动；
    向所述受电弓控制装置发送升弓信号，以使得所述受电弓弓头升降装置控制所述受电弓弓头抬升。
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