WO2022067934A1 - 一种水下航行器专用固定绕组用消磁电缆 - Google Patents

一种水下航行器专用固定绕组用消磁电缆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022067934A1
WO2022067934A1 PCT/CN2020/124592 CN2020124592W WO2022067934A1 WO 2022067934 A1 WO2022067934 A1 WO 2022067934A1 CN 2020124592 W CN2020124592 W CN 2020124592W WO 2022067934 A1 WO2022067934 A1 WO 2022067934A1
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Prior art keywords
layer
parts
extrusion
heating cylinder
protective layer
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PCT/CN2020/124592
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
水利飞
叶宇
叶明竹
周友芝
王迪
肖尚兵
沈棋
周环
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安徽华宇电缆集团有限公司
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Publication of WO2022067934A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022067934A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/02—Stranding-up
    • H01B13/0207—Details; Auxiliary devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
    • H01B13/24—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers by extrusion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/30—Drying; Impregnating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/0009—Details relating to the conductive cores
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
    • H01B7/22—Metal wires or tapes, e.g. made of steel
    • H01B7/228—Metal braid
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
    • H01B7/2806—Protection against damage caused by corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
    • H01B7/282—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
    • H01B7/282—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable
    • H01B7/2825—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable using a water impermeable sheath
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of cables, in particular to a degaussing cable for fixed windings dedicated to underwater vehicles.
  • the underwater vehicle In the process of sailing, the underwater vehicle needs to degauss the hull due to various special requirements, such as defending against the attack of magnetic weapons in the water and being discovered by magnetic detection instruments, or preventing the deflection of the geomagnetism from causing interference to the vehicle.
  • Degaussing is carried out at the degaussing station at the berth, but the induced magnetic field generated by the underwater vehicle that is in the process of sailing for a long time needs to be degaussed with the help of its own degaussing system.
  • two degaussing methods are used: (1) Temporary coil degaussing Method: It is used to cancel the inherent magnetic field of the aircraft.
  • the degaussing cable should be wrapped around the hull of the degaussed ship according to the regulations, and the magnetic field should be eliminated by electrification.
  • the degaussing ship can be used to degauss the degaussed aircraft at sea, which is more flexible;
  • the degaussing cables of the required windings not only need to have the characteristics of water resistance, corrosion resistance, acid and alkali resistance, high and low temperature resistance, but also need to have The ability to work stably, reliably and safely for a long time, the current degaussing cables cannot withstand frequent changes in high and low temperatures, long-term erosion by seawater salt spray, and the wear resistance, winding resistance, and movement fatigue resistance are not required enough, and the service life is relatively long. Low.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a special fixed winding degaussing cable for underwater vehicles, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems of inability to withstand high and low temperature changes, corrosion resistance, winding resistance, water immersion and short service life.
  • a degaussing cable for fixed windings for underwater vehicles comprising three main wire cores, a support rubber strip is sandwiched between the three main wire cores, the three main wire cores are arranged in an inner protective layer, the main wire cores comprise copper wire cores, copper wire cores
  • the outer side of the wire core is provided with a sealant layer, the outer side of the sealant layer is provided with an outer protective layer, the outer side of the inner protective layer is provided with a second sealing layer, the outer side of the second sealing layer is provided with an armor layer, and the outer side of the armor layer is provided
  • a first sealing layer is provided, an outer protective layer is provided on the outside of the first sealing layer, and a filling sealant is also provided on the inner side of the inner protective layer.
  • the armoring layer is woven from two layers of tinned copper wire mesh with the same specification, the specification of the tinned copper wire mesh is 40/in, the two layers of copper wire mesh are staggered, and the weaving angle is 40° ⁇ 60° °, the braiding coverage rate is 88% ⁇ 92%, the diameter of the single wire of the copper core is 0.2 ⁇ 0.4mm, and it is twisted into strands with a pitch ratio of 8 to 10 times, and the strands are twisted in the opposite direction to the original bundle.
  • the copper core is re-twisted with a pitch ratio of 12 to 16 times; the twisted pitch ratio of the main wire core is 18 to 20 times; the expansion coefficient of the supporting rubber strip is 1.1 to 1.2.
  • the outer protective layer is plasticized vulcanized EPDM rubber
  • the inner protective layer and the outer protective layer are plasticized vulcanized chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber
  • the sealant layer, the filling sealant, the second seal layer and the first sealant The layer is silicone sealant
  • the support rubber strip is neoprene
  • the outer protective layer is also coated with urushiol resin paint.
  • the preparation process of the cable comprises the following steps:
  • Step 1 Make the tinned copper wire into the main core, first place a number of tinned copper wires with a single wire diameter of 0.2 to 0.4 mm in the stranding unit, and coat the tinned copper wire with sealant through the stranding device And twisted into a copper wire core, and then cooled by a cooling roller, positioned by a positioning frame, and then coated with an outer protective layer on the copper wire core that has been coated with sealant through a glue extrusion device, and finally cooled by a cooling pool to make The main core is collected by the winding roller;
  • Step 2 Fill the support rubber strips between the three main cores, twist at a ratio of 18 to 20 times the pitch diameter, extrude the inner protective layer outside the main cores, and add filling sealant 84 into the inner protective layer, so as to processed into cable core;
  • Step 3 coating the second sealing layer on the outside of the cable core, sheathing the armoring layer on the outside of the second sealing layer, and then simultaneously extruding the first sealing layer and the outer protective layer on the outside of the armoring layer;
  • Step 4 after the outer protective layer is dried, urushiol resin paint is applied to obtain a cable product, and the cable product is obtained by drying and winding the cable product.
  • the stranding device includes a support frame, a stranding motor, a multi-layer capstan, a first glue roller, a wire concentrator, a wire gathering drum, a stranding unit and a steering pulley, and the stranding motor is installed on the top of the supporting frame, and the stranding
  • the end of the drive shaft of the wire motor is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft of the multi-layer winch.
  • Several groups of stranding units are evenly installed along the circumference of each layer of the multi-layer winch. The end of the other rotating shaft of the multi-layer winch is fixedly connected.
  • the first glue roller, the lower end cross bar of the support frame is installed with a thread gatherer, the upper end of the thread gatherer is installed with a thread gatherer, the thread gatherer is located just below the first glue roller, and the thread gatherer is located in the thread gatherer Just below the spool, the diverting pulley is installed on the end of the lower cross bar of the support frame, and the tangent of the pulley edge of the diverting pulley coincides with the axis of the spool;
  • the stranding unit includes stranding rack, winding motor, support bearing, copper wire reel, copper reel rack, second gluing roller and wire bundler, and several groups of stranding racks are evenly distributed on each layer of the multi-layer winch ,
  • a winding motor is installed at the top of the stranding frame
  • a support bearing is installed at the end of the drive shaft of the winding motor
  • the end of the drive shaft of the winding motor is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft of the second glue roller
  • the support bearing At the same time, the rotating shaft of the second glue roller is sleeved, the support bearing is installed on the end of the middle cross bar of the strand frame, the outer ring of the support bearing is fixedly connected to the end of the middle cross bar of the strand frame, and the support bearing
  • the inner ring is fixedly connected with the end of the drive shaft of the winding motor and the end of the rotation shaft of the second glue roller.
  • the extrusion device includes a feeding hopper, an exhaust pump, a heating pipe, a pulverizing motor, a driving cutting wheel, a driven cutting wheel, a driving gear, a driven gear, a first extrusion motor, a first extrusion turbine, a first extrusion
  • the heating cylinder, the second extrusion motor, the second extrusion turbine, the second heating cylinder and the extrusion head, the upper part of the extrusion device is provided with a square box, the feeding hopper is connected to the top side of the square box, and the exhaust pump is installed in At the top center of the square box, the pulverizing motor is installed on the lower side of the box.
  • the drive shaft of the pulverizing motor penetrates the side wall of the square box and is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft of the driving cutting wheel.
  • the driving shaft of the pulverizing motor is connected to the side wall of the square box.
  • the other end of the driving cutting wheel penetrates the side wall of the other side of the square box and is equipped with a driving gear
  • the other end of the driving cutting wheel is connected with the side wall of the square box through the bearing rotation
  • one end of the driven cutting wheel The inner wall of the square box is rotatably connected by a bearing, and the other end penetrates the side wall of the square box and is equipped with a driven gear.
  • the gear and the driven gear are engaged for transmission.
  • the heating pipe is installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the square box.
  • the bottom side of the square box is provided with a through hole.
  • a first extrusion motor is installed on the top of the first heating cylinder, the drive shaft of the first extrusion motor runs through the top of the first heating cylinder, and the end of the drive shaft is fixedly connected with a first extrusion turbine, the first extrusion turbine is installed Inside the first heating cylinder and the end of the first extrusion turbine is mounted on the other end of the first heating cylinder through a mounting bracket, the other end of the first heating cylinder is provided with a discharge port and is connected with the feeding of the second heating cylinder The mouth is connected, the second extrusion motor is installed at one end of the second heating cylinder and is located on the side of the feeding port, the drive shaft of the second extrusion motor runs through one end of the second heating cylinder and is fixedly connected with a second extrusion turbine, the first The other end of the second rubber extruding turbine is mounted on the other end of the
  • the side walls of the first glue roller and the second glue roller are evenly provided with a number of small holes in a row, the columns where the small holes are located are recessed inwardly into grooves, and pulleys are respectively installed at both ends of each groove,
  • the tinned copper wire is coiled on the copper wire reel, and the tinned copper wire passes through the copper reel frame, the wire bundler, the multi-layer winch, the wire concentrator and the wire concentrator in turn, and is respectively connected with the first coating roller and the second coating roller.
  • the pulleys at both ends in the groove of the rubber roller are rollingly connected, and the tinned copper wire is rollingly connected with the steering pulley;
  • Each layer of the multi-layer winch has a circular hole at the penetration of the tinned copper wire.
  • a pair of pulleys are symmetrically installed in the circular hole.
  • the diameter of the shape is consistent with the tinned copper wire or tinned copper wire tow that is passed through.
  • the first heating cylinder is arranged at an inclination, a plurality of heating rings are embedded in the cylinder wall of the first heating cylinder, and the heating rings are gradually concentrated on the discharge port of the first heating cylinder, and the outer part of the first extrusion motor is sleeved with a preventer.
  • Dust cover, the drive shaft of the first extrusion motor and the cylinder wall of the first heating cylinder are rotatably connected through bearings, the second heating cylinder is arranged horizontally, and the inner wall of the second heating cylinder is evenly embedded with a number of heating rods and the second heating cylinder is
  • the inner wall is in the shape of a truncated cone, and the section diameter of the inner wall is smaller as it is closer to the discharge port.
  • the section diameter of the inner wall at the discharge port is % larger than the diameter of the second extrusion turbine.
  • the outer side of the second extrusion motor is provided with a heat dissipation cover.
  • the drive shaft of the extruding motor and the cylinder wall of the second heating cylinder are rotatably connected by bearings.
  • a filter screen is installed between the exhaust pump and the square box. The diameter of the screen opening of the filter screen is two millimeters.
  • the raw material components and weight content of the outer protective layer are EPDM K21: 17 parts; EPDM 4045M: 6 parts; dicumyl peroxide: 0.6-0.7 parts; triallyl Isocyanurate: 0.3-0.4 part; 2-thiol benzimidazole: 0.8-1.0 part; 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline polymer: 0.3-0.4 parts; paraffin oil: 1.5-2.5 parts; chlorinated paraffin-52: 1.5-2 parts; microcrystalline paraffin: 0.6-1.0 parts; zinc oxide: 1.0-2.0 parts; stearic acid: 0.4-0.6 parts; superfine talc Powder: 10-11 parts; white carbon black: 1.0-1.5 parts; calcined clay: 8-10 parts.
  • the raw material components and weight contents of the inner protective layer and the outer protective layer are chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber H40: 25 parts; dibenzothiazole disulfide: 0.6-0.8 parts; bispentamethylenethiuram hexasulfide : 0.4-0.6 part; magnesium oxide: 1.5-2.0 part; polyethylene glycol: 1.5-2.5 part; nickel dibutyldithiocarbamate: 0.3-0.5 part; 4,4'-bis( ⁇ , ⁇ - Dimethylbenzyl) diphenylamine: 0.2-0.3 parts; dioctyl phthalate: 2.6-3.2 parts; antimony trioxide: 1.2-1.6 parts; chlorinated paraffin-52: 0.7-1.1 parts; Magnesium: 1.2-1.6 parts; semi-reinforced carbon black: 0.6-1.1 parts; white carbon black: 5.0-6.0 parts; ultrafine talc: 9-11 parts.
  • the cable in the present invention improves the characteristics of the cable by setting a multi-layer structure, and improves the high and low temperature resistance and water immersion resistance of the cable through the outer protective layer, and the outer protective layer is coated with urushiol Resin paint can improve the corrosion resistance of the cable.
  • the outer protective layer itself has excellent corrosion resistance as a chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber.
  • the inside of the cable is provided with the first sealing layer, the second sealing layer and the sealing glue layer, which enhances the adhesion between the layers, avoids the phenomenon of cavitation between the layers, and supports the rubber strip to improve the cable performance.
  • the high bending resistance avoids the cable breakage due to excessive bending during the use of the cable, and continuously twists several copper monofilaments through the twisting device, which improves the coiling resistance of the copper core. Toughness, extending the service life of the cable;
  • gluing rollers are respectively arranged on the stranding device and stranding unit, so that the copper monofilament can be stranded and coated with sealant at the same time, so that the copper monofilament is prevented from being sealed due to the continuous stranding process.
  • the glue is stuck and cannot be twisted, and at the same time, it avoids that the copper monofilament does not need to be replaced frequently during the twisting process, and prevents the copper wire coils from being bonded together and cannot be separated during the transportation process. It has better toughness, electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, which can improve the service life of the cable;
  • the present invention can reduce the water content of the added rubber material by setting the partition and layered heating on the extrusion device, and avoid the generation of air bubbles during the extrusion process to cause voids in the outer protective layer of the main wire core.
  • a square box and a The cutting wheel can make the added rubber material can be pulverized more thoroughly and improve the extrusion efficiency.
  • the rubber material can always maintain the heating efficiency during the heating process. , to prevent the glue from being affected by the reduction of the temperature difference, and this setting can reduce the loss of heat and improve the utilization efficiency.
  • the inclined placement of the first heating cylinder can speed up the flow of the glue, and the inside of the second heating cylinder is truncated.
  • the glue liquid is pressurized under the push of the second extrusion turbine, so that the glue liquid can flow into the extrusion head more smoothly.
  • Fig. 1 is the cable structure schematic diagram of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a copper wire core manufacturing device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the twisting device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the stranding unit of the present invention.
  • a degaussing cable for fixed windings for underwater vehicles including three main cores, a support rubber strip 80 is sandwiched between the three main cores, and the three main cores are provided with an inner protective layer 85
  • the main wire core includes a copper wire core 81
  • the outer side of the copper wire core 81 is provided with a sealant layer 82
  • the outer side of the sealant layer 82 is provided with an outer protective layer 83
  • the inner protective layer 85 is
  • the outer side is provided with a second sealing layer 86
  • the outer side of the second sealing layer 86 is provided with an armoring layer 87
  • the outer side of the armoring layer 87 is provided with a first sealing layer 88
  • the outer side of the first sealing layer 88 is provided
  • the inner side of the inner protective layer 85 is also provided with a filling sealant 84, which ensures the waterproofness, corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the cable through multi-layer protection.
  • the armoring layer 87 is woven from two layers of tinned copper wire mesh with the same specification, the specification of the tinned copper wire mesh is 40/in, the two layers of copper wire mesh are staggered, and the weaving angle is 40° ⁇ 60° °, the braiding coverage rate is 88%-92%, the diameter of the single wire of the copper core 81 is 0.2-0.4mm, and it is twisted into a strand with a pitch ratio of 8-10 times, and the strand is then in accordance with the original
  • the copper wire core 81 is re-twisted in the opposite direction of the bundle with a pitch ratio of 12 to 16 times; the twisted pitch ratio of the main wire core is 18 to 20 times; the expansion coefficient of the support rubber strip 80 is 1.1 to 1.2, through repeated stranding, the toughness of the copper wire core 81 is strengthened, and the bending resistance of the copper wire core 81 is improved.
  • the outer protective layer 83 is plasticized vulcanized EPDM rubber
  • the inner protective layer 85 and the outer protective layer 89 are plasticized vulcanized chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber
  • the second sealing layer 86 and the first sealing layer 88 are silicone sealants
  • the supporting rubber strips 80 are neoprene rubber
  • the outer protective layer 89 is also coated with urushiol resin paint. of corrosion resistance.
  • the preparation process of the cable includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 Make the tinned copper wire into the main core, first place a number of tinned copper wires with a single wire diameter of 0.2 to 0.4 mm in the stranding unit 13, and coat the tinned copper wire through the stranding device 1.
  • the sealant is twisted into a copper wire core 81, and after being cooled by the cooling roller 2, it is positioned by the positioning frame 3, and the copper wire core 81 that has been coated with the sealant is coated with an outer protective layer 83 through the extrusion device 4. Finally, it is cooled by the cooling pool 5 to make the main wire core, which is collected by the winding roller 6;
  • Step 2 Filling the supporting rubber strip 80 between the three main cores, twisting at a pitch ratio of 18 to 20 times, extruding the inner protective layer 85 outside the main core, and adding filling sealant into the inner protective layer 85 84, so as to be processed into a cable core;
  • Step 3 Coating the second sealing layer 86 on the outside of the cable core, sheathing the armoring layer 87 on the outside of the second sealing layer 86, and then simultaneously extruding the first sealing layer 88 and the outer protective layer on the outside of the armoring layer 87 89;
  • Step 4 apply urushiol resin paint after drying of the outer protective layer 89 to obtain a cable product, and drying and winding the cable product to obtain a cable product.
  • the stranding device 1 includes a support frame 7, a stranding motor 8, a multi-layer capstan 9, a first rubber roller 10, a strander 11, a stranding drum 12, a stranding unit 13 and a diverting pulley 36.
  • the wire motor 8 is installed on the top of the support frame 7, and the end of the drive shaft of the wire motor 8 is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft of the multi-layer winch 9, and each layer of the multi-layer winch 9 is evenly installed along the circumference.
  • the stranding unit 13 includes a stranding frame 14, a winding motor 15, a support bearing 16, a copper wire reel 17, a copper reel frame 18, a second glue roller 19 and a wire bundler 20.
  • Several groups of the stranding machines are provided.
  • the racks 14 are evenly distributed on each layer of the multi-layer winch 9, a winding motor 15 is installed on the top of the winding frame 14, and a support bearing 16 is installed at the end of the driving shaft of the winding motor 15.
  • the end of the drive shaft of the winding motor 15 is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft of the second glue roller 19, the support bearing 16 is also sleeved with the rotating shaft of the second glue roller 19, and the support bearing 16 is installed on the At the end of the middle cross bar of the strand frame 14, the outer ring of the support bearing 16 is fixedly connected to the end of the middle cross bar of the strand frame 14, and the inner ring of the support bearing 16 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft end of the winding motor 15 and the end of the rotating shaft of the second glue roller 19, a plurality of the copper reels 18 are evenly distributed on the upper surface of the second glue roller 19 along the circumference, and a plurality of the copper wire reels 17 are respectively installed on the copper plate frames 18 Inside, the wire bundler 20 is installed at the end of the lower cross bar of the stranding frame 14, and the wire bundler 20 is located just below the second glue roller 19, and is sealed through the overall repeated bundle twisting and coating glue to improve the toughness and thermal conductivity of the copper wire core
  • the rubber extrusion device 4 includes a feeding hopper 21, an exhaust pump 22, a heating pipe 23, a pulverizing motor 24, a driving cutting wheel 25, a driven cutting wheel 26, a driving gear 27, a driven gear 28, and a first extrusion motor 29.
  • the first extrusion turbine 30, the first heating cylinder 31, the second extrusion motor 32, the second extrusion turbine 33, the second heating cylinder 34 and the extrusion head 35, the upper part of the extrusion device 4 is provided with a square
  • the feeding hopper is connected to the top side of the square box, the exhaust pump 22 is installed at the top center of the square box, and the pulverizing motor 24 is installed on the lower side of the square box.
  • the driving of the pulverizing motor 24 The shaft penetrates the side wall of the square box and is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft of the driving cutting wheel 25.
  • the drive shaft of the pulverizing motor 24 is connected to the side wall of the square box through bearings.
  • the other end of the driving cutting wheel 25 penetrates the square box.
  • the side wall of the other side is installed with a driving gear 27, the other end of the driving cutting wheel 25 is rotatably connected with the side wall of the square box through a bearing, and one end of the driven cutting wheel 26 is rotated with the inner wall of the square box through a bearing.
  • the heating tube 23 is installed on the bottom inner wall of the square box.
  • the bottom side of the square box is provided with a through hole.
  • a feeding port is opened on the side wall to communicate with a through hole, a first extrusion motor 29 is installed on the top of the first heating cylinder 31 , and the drive shaft of the first extrusion motor 29 penetrates through the top of the first heating cylinder 31 and The end of the drive shaft is fixedly connected with a first extrusion turbine 30, the first extrusion turbine 30 is installed inside the first heating cylinder 31 and the end of the first extrusion turbine 30 is installed on the first heating cylinder 30 through a mounting bracket.
  • the other end of the cylinder 31, the other end of the first heating cylinder 31 is provided with a discharge port and communicates with the feeding port of the second heating cylinder 34, and the second extrusion motor 32 is installed on the second heating cylinder 34.
  • the drive shaft of the second extrusion motor 32 penetrates one end of the second heating cylinder 34 and is fixedly connected with a second extrusion turbine 33, and the other end of the second extrusion turbine 33
  • the other end of the second heating cylinder 34 is installed on the other end of the second heating cylinder 34 through a mounting bracket, and the other end of the second heating cylinder 34 is provided with a discharge port, and the extrusion head 35 is communicated with the through hole.
  • the side walls of the first gluing roller 10 and the second gluing roller 19 are evenly provided with a number of small holes in a row.
  • the tinned copper wire is coiled on the copper wire reel 17, and the tinned copper wire passes through the copper reel frame 18, the wire bundler 20, the multi-layer winch 9, the wire gatherer 11 and the wire gatherer 12 in turn. , and are respectively connected with the pulleys at both ends of the grooves of the first glue roller 10 and the second glue roller 19, while the tinned copper wire is rolled and connected to the steering pulley 36;
  • Each layer of the multi-layer winch is provided with a circular hole where the tinned copper wire runs through, a pair of pulleys are symmetrically installed in the circular hole, the edges of the pulleys are recessed inward, the pulleys are connected in a rolling manner, and the cross-section of the connection is a Circular, the diameter of the circle is consistent with the tinned copper wire or tinned copper wire tow that passes through, and the limit of the pulley block is used to keep the copper wire bundle stable and to keep the sealant coating uniform.
  • the first heating cylinder 31 is arranged obliquely. Several heating rings are embedded in the cylinder wall of the first heating cylinder 31 and the heating rings are gradually concentrated at the discharge port of the first heating cylinder 31.
  • the first extrusion motor 29 is sleeved with a dust cover, the drive shaft of the first extrusion motor 29 is rotatably connected to the cylinder wall of the first heating cylinder 31 through a bearing, the second heating cylinder 34 is arranged horizontally, and the second heating cylinder 34 is arranged horizontally.
  • the inner wall of the heating cylinder 34 is evenly embedded with a number of heating rods, and the inner wall of the second heating cylinder 34 is in the shape of a truncated cone.
  • the diameter of the second extrusion motor 32 is 1% larger, the outer side of the second extrusion motor 32 is sleeved with a heat dissipation cover, the drive shaft of the second extrusion motor 32 and the cylinder wall of the second heating cylinder 34 are rotatably connected through bearings, and the exhaust pump A filter screen is installed between 22 and the square box, and the diameter of the screen opening of the filter screen is two millimeters.
  • the raw material components and weight contents of the outer protective layer 83 are EPDM K21: 17 parts; EPDM 4045M: 6 parts; dicumyl peroxide: 0.6-0.7 parts; triallyl Isocyanurate: 0.3-0.4 part; 2-thiol benzimidazole: 0.8-1.0 part; 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline polymer: 0.3-0.4 parts; paraffin oil: 1.5-2.5 parts; chlorinated paraffin-52: 1.5-2 parts; microcrystalline paraffin: 0.6-1.0 parts; zinc oxide: 1.0-2.0 parts; stearic acid: 0.4-0.6 parts; superfine talc Powder: 10-11 parts; white carbon black: 1.0-1.5 parts; calcined clay: 8-10 parts.
  • the raw material components and weight contents of the inner protective layer 85 and the outer protective layer 89 are chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber H40: 25 parts; dibenzothiazole disulfide: 0.6-0.8 parts; Magnesium: 0.4-0.6 parts; magnesium oxide: 1.5-2.0 parts; polyethylene glycol: 1.5-2.5 parts; nickel dibutyldithiocarbamate: 0.3-0.5 parts; 4,4′-bis( ⁇ , ⁇ ) -Dimethylbenzyl) diphenylamine: 0.2-0.3 parts; dioctyl phthalate: 2.6-3.2 parts; antimony trioxide: 1.2-1.6 parts; chlorinated paraffin-52: 0.7-1.1 parts; hydrogen Magnesium oxide: 1.2-1.6 parts; semi-reinforced carbon black: 0.6-1.1 parts; white carbon black: 5.0-6.0 parts; superfine talc: 9-11 parts.
  • the copper wire reel 17, the copper reel frame 18 and the second glue roller 19 are rotated together by the winding motor 15, so that the tinned copper monofilament can be coated with sealant while the wire harness is applied.
  • the twisted wire is twisted into strands on the device 20, and then twisted in the opposite direction by the twisting motor 8, which improves the toughness and thermal conductivity of the copper wire core 81, and prolongs its service life.
  • the driving cutting wheel 25 and the driven cutting wheel 26 are driven by the pulverizing motor 24 to pulverize and mix the rubber material added from the feeding hopper 21, and at the same time, the heating pipe 23 is used to dry the rubber material,
  • the exhaust pump 22 discharges the water-containing hot gas, and the fully pulverized and mixed rubber material enters the first heating cylinder 31 for heating and melting, and enters the second heating cylinder 34 to form
  • the liquid glue, driven by the second glue extrusion turbine 33, is extruded from the glue extrusion head 35 and coated on the outside of the sealant layer 82 of the copper wire core 81, and is cooled by the cooling pool 5 to form the main wire core, Then a plurality of main cores (usually three) are twisted together with the supporting rubber strip 80, and then the inner protective layer 85, the second sealing layer 86, the armoring layer 87, the first sealing layer 88 and the outer
  • the cable in the present invention is provided with a multi-layer structure to improve the characteristics of the cable.
  • the outer protective layer 89 improves the high and low temperature resistance and water immersion resistance of the cable.
  • the outer protective layer 89 is coated with urushiol resin paint to improve the resistance of the cable.
  • the outer protective layer 89 itself has excellent corrosion resistance as chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber.
  • the armor layer 87 inside the cable is woven with double-layer copper wire mesh, and the shielding effect is good.
  • the first sealing layer 88, the second sealing layer 86 and the sealing glue layer 82 enhance the adhesion between the layers, avoid the occurrence of cavitation and other phenomena between the layers, and the supporting rubber strip 80 improves the cable stability. Bending resistance, avoids cable breakage due to excessive bending of the cable during use, and continuously twists several copper monofilaments through the twisting device 1 to improve the winding resistance of the copper core 81 and toughness, extending the service life of the cable.

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Abstract

一种水下航行器专用固定绕组用消磁电缆，包括三个主线芯，三个主线芯之间夹着支撑橡胶条（80），三个主线芯设置在内保护层（85）内，所述主线芯包括铜线芯（81），所述铜线芯（81）的外侧设置有密封胶层（82），所述密封胶层（82）的外侧设置有外保护层（83），所述内保护层（85）的外侧设置有第二密封层（86），所述第二密封层（86）的外侧设置有铠装层（87），所述铠装层（87）的外侧设置有第一密封层（88），所述第一密封层（88）外侧设置有外防护层（89），所述内保护层（85）的内侧还设置有填充密封胶（84），通过绞线装置对若干铜单丝进行不断的绞合，提高了铜线芯（81）的耐卷绕性和韧性，延长了电缆的使用寿命，一次绞合完成可以使铜线芯（81）具有更好的韧性、导电性和导热性，能够提高电缆的使用寿命。

Description

一种水下航行器专用固定绕组用消磁电缆 技术领域
本发明涉及线缆领域，具体涉及一种水下航行器专用固定绕组用消磁电缆。
背景技术
水下航行器在航行的过程中由于各种特殊要求而需要进行船体消磁，比如防御水中磁性武器的攻击和被磁探测仪器发现，或者防止地磁的偏转对航行器造成干扰，对于新建航行器可以在停泊码头的消磁站进行消磁，但是对于长时间处于航行过程中的水下航行器所产生的感应磁场需要借助自身安装的消磁系统进行消磁，通常采用两种消磁方法：(1)临时线圈消磁法：用于抵消航行器的固有磁场，一般要把消磁电缆按规定缠绕在被消磁舰船的船体上，通电消除磁场，可以使用消磁船在海上对被消磁航行器进行消磁，比较灵活；(2)固定绕组消磁法：用于补偿航行器的感性磁场，由航行器自身敷设的固定消磁绕组进行。
由于航行器在海洋所处的环境不同，经常遇到恶劣的航海条件，所需要绕组的消磁电缆不仅需要具有耐水性、耐腐蚀性、耐酸碱性、耐高低温性的特性，而且需要具备长期稳定、可靠、安全工作的能力，目前的消磁电缆无法承受高、低温度频繁变化、海水盐雾的长期侵蚀，并且耐磨性、耐缠绕性、耐移动疲劳性不够要求，而且使用寿命较低。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种水下航行器专用固定绕组用消磁电缆，从而解决上述存在的不耐高低温变化、不耐腐蚀、不耐卷绕、不能浸水以及 使用寿命短的问题。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案实现：
一种水下航行器专用固定绕组用消磁电缆，包括三个主线芯，三个主线芯之间夹着支撑橡胶条，三个主线芯设置在内保护层内，主线芯包括铜线芯，铜线芯的外侧设置有密封胶层，密封胶层的外侧设置有外保护层，内保护层的外侧设置有第二密封层，第二密封层的外侧设置有铠装层，铠装层的外侧设置有第一密封层，第一密封层外侧设置有外防护层，内保护层的内侧还设置有填充密封胶。
优选的，铠装层为两层相同规格的镀锡铜丝网编织而成，镀锡铜丝网的规格为40/in，两层铜丝网之间交错排列，编织角度为40°～60°，编织覆盖率为88％～92％，铜线芯的单丝直径为0.2～0.4mm，以8～10倍的节径比绞合成股线，股线再按照与原束绞相反的方向以12～16倍的节径比复绞成铜线芯；主线芯的绞合节径比为18～20倍；支撑橡胶条的膨胀系数为1.1～1.2。
优选的，外保护层为增塑硫化三元乙丙橡胶，内保护层和外防护层为增塑硫化氯磺化聚乙烯橡胶，密封胶层、填充密封胶、第二密封层和第一密封层为有机硅密封胶，支撑橡胶条为氯丁橡胶，外防护层外还涂覆有漆酚树脂漆。
优选的，该电缆的制备工艺包括以下步骤：
步骤一：将镀锡铜丝制成主线芯，先将若干条单丝直径为0.2～0.4mm的镀锡铜丝放置于绞线机组，通过绞线装置将镀锡铜丝涂覆上密封胶并绞合成铜线芯，再经过冷却辊冷却后，由定位架定位，通过挤胶装置为已经涂覆上密封胶的铜线芯再涂覆上外保护层，最后经冷却池冷却，制成主线芯，由绕线辊收集；
步骤二：在三根主线芯之间填充支撑橡胶条，以节径比18～20倍进行 绞合，同时在主线芯外挤包内保护层，并在内保护层内加入填充密封胶84，从而加工成缆芯；
步骤三：在缆芯外侧涂覆第二密封层，在第二密封层的外侧套设铠装层，随后在铠装层的外侧同步挤包第一密封层和外防护层；
步骤四：在外防护层干燥后涂覆漆酚树脂漆，得到电缆成品，将电缆成品烘干收卷得到电缆产品。
优选的，绞线装置包括支撑架、绞线电机、多层绞盘、第一涂胶辊、聚线器、聚线筒、绞线机组和转向滑轮，绞线电机安装在支撑架的顶端，绞线电机的驱动轴端部固定连接多层绞盘的转动轴端部，多层绞盘的每层盘面上沿圆周均匀安装有若干组绞线机组，多层绞盘的另一个转动轴端部固定连接有第一涂胶辊，支撑架的下端横杆上安装有聚线筒，聚线筒的上端安装有聚线器，聚线器位于第一涂胶辊的正下方，聚线筒位于聚线器的正下方，转向滑轮安装在支撑架的下端横杆的端部，转向滑轮的滑轮边沿切线与聚线筒的轴线重合；
绞线机组包括绞线机架、绕线电机、支撑轴承、铜丝盘、铜盘架、第二涂胶辊和束线器，若干组绞线机架均匀分布在多层绞盘的每一层上，绞线机架的顶端安装有绕线电机，绕线电机的驱动轴端部安装有支撑轴承，绕线电机的驱动轴端部固定连接有第二涂胶辊的转动轴端部，支撑轴承同时套接有第二涂胶辊的转动轴，支撑轴承安装在绞线机架的中部横杆端部，支撑轴承的外圈固定连接在绞线机架的中部横杆端部，支撑轴承的内圈固定连接有绕线电机的驱动轴端部和第二涂胶辊的转动轴端部，若干铜盘架沿圆周均匀分布在第二涂胶辊的上表面，若干铜丝盘分别安装在铜盘架内，束线器安装在绞线机架的下部横杆的端部，且束线器位于第二涂胶辊的正下方。
优选的，挤胶装置包括进料斗、排气泵、加热管、粉碎电机、主动切 割轮、从动切割轮、主动齿轮、从动齿轮、第一挤胶电机、第一挤胶涡轮、第一加热筒、第二挤胶电机、第二挤胶涡轮、第二加热筒和挤胶头，挤胶装置的上部设置有方箱，进料斗连通在方箱的顶部侧边，排气泵安装在方箱的顶部中心，粉碎电机安装在方箱的下部侧边，粉碎电机的驱动轴贯穿方箱侧壁并固定连接有主动切割轮的转动轴端部，粉碎电机的驱动轴与方箱侧壁通过轴承转动连接，主动切割轮的另一端贯穿方箱另一侧的侧壁并安装有主动齿轮，主动切割轮的另一端与方箱的侧壁通过轴承转动连接，从动切割轮的一端与方箱的内壁通过轴承转动连接，另一端贯穿方箱侧壁并安装有从动齿轮，从动切割轮位于主动切割轮的正上方且从动切割轮与主动切割轮的切割刀片交叉分布，主动齿轮和从动齿轮之间啮合传动，加热管安装在方箱的底部内壁上，方箱的底部侧边开有通孔，第一加热筒的上端侧壁开有进料口与通孔连通，第一加热筒的顶部安装有第一挤胶电机，第一挤胶电机的驱动轴贯穿第一加热筒的顶端且驱动轴的端部固定连接有第一挤胶涡轮，第一挤胶涡轮安装在第一加热筒的内部且第一挤胶涡轮的端部通过安装架安装在第一加热筒的另一端，第一加热筒的另一端开有出料口并与第二加热筒的入料口连通，第二挤胶电机安装在第二加热筒的一端并位于入料口一侧，第二挤胶电机的驱动轴贯穿第二加热筒的一端并固定连接有第二挤胶涡轮，第二挤胶涡轮的另一端通过安装架安装在第二加热筒的另一端，第二加热筒的另一端开有排料口，挤胶头与通孔连通。
优选的，第一涂胶辊和第二涂胶辊的侧壁成列地均匀开设有若干小孔，小孔所在列分别向内凹陷成凹槽，每个凹槽两端分别安装有滑轮，镀锡铜丝盘绕在铜丝盘上，镀锡铜丝依次穿过铜盘架、束线器、多层绞盘、聚线器和聚线筒，并分别与第一涂胶辊和第二涂胶辊的凹槽内两端的滑轮滚动连接，同时镀锡铜丝与转向滑轮滚动连接；
多层绞盘的每一层在镀锡铜丝贯穿处开有圆孔，圆孔内对称安装有一 对滑轮，滑轮边缘向内凹陷，滑轮之间滚动连接且连接处的横剖面呈圆形，圆形直径与所穿过的镀锡铜丝或镀锡铜丝束保持一致。
优选的，第一加热筒呈倾斜设置，第一加热筒的筒壁内部埋设有若干加热圈且加热圈逐渐集中于第一加热筒的出料口，第一挤胶电机的外部套设有防尘罩，第一挤胶电机的驱动轴与第一加热筒的筒壁通过轴承转动连接，第二加热筒呈水平设置，第二加热筒的内壁均匀埋设有若干加热棒且第二加热筒的内壁呈圆台状，内壁的剖面直径越靠近排料口越小，排料口处的内壁剖面直径比第二挤胶涡轮的直径大％，第二挤胶电机外侧套设有散热罩，第二挤胶电机的驱动轴与第二加热筒的筒壁通过轴承转动连接，排气泵与方箱之间安装有过滤网，过滤网的网口直径为两毫米，进料斗设置有密封盖。
优选的，外保护层的原料组分及重量含量为三元乙丙橡胶K21：17份；三元乙丙橡胶4045M：6份；过氧化二异丙苯：0.6～0.7份；三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯：0.3～0.4份；2-硫醇基苯并咪唑：0.8～1.0份；2，2，4-三甲基-1，2-二氢化喹啉聚合体：0.3～0.4份；石蜡油：1.5～2.5份；氯化石蜡-52：1.5～2份；微晶石蜡：0.6～1.0份；氧化锌：1.0～2.0份；硬脂酸：0.4～0.6份；超细滑石粉：10～11份；白炭黑：1.0～1.5份；煅烧陶土：8～10份。
优选的，内保护层和外防护层的原料组分及重量含量为氯磺化聚乙烯橡胶H40：25份；二硫化二苯并噻唑：0.6～0.8份；六硫化双五甲撑秋兰姆：0.4～0.6份；氧化镁：1.5～2.0份；聚乙二醇：1.5～2.5份；二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸镍：0.3～0.5份；4,4′-双(α，α-二甲基苄基)二苯胺：0.2～0.3份；邻苯二甲酸二辛酯：2.6～3.2份；三氧化二锑：1.2～1.6份；氯化石蜡-52：0.7～1.1份；氢氧化镁：1.2～1.6份；半补强炭黑：0.6～1.1份；白炭黑：5.0～6.0份；超细滑石粉：9～11份。
本发明的有益效果：(1)本发明中的电缆通过设置多层结构来提高电缆的特性，通过外防护层，提高电缆的耐高低温性和耐浸水性，外防护层涂覆有漆酚树脂漆可以提高电缆的耐腐蚀性，同时外防护层本身作为氯磺化聚乙烯橡胶具有极好的耐侵蚀性，电缆内部的铠装层采用双层铜丝网编织而成，屏蔽效果好，电缆的内部通过设置第一密封层、第二密封层以及密封胶层，增强了层与层之间的贴合性，避免了层与层之间发生空泡等现象，支撑橡胶条提高了电缆的耐弯折性，避免了电缆在使用过程中由于弯折度过高造成电缆线断裂，通过绞线装置对若干铜单丝进行不断的绞合，提高了铜线芯的耐卷绕性和韧性，延长了电缆的使用寿命；
(2)本发明通过在绞线装置和绞线机组上分别设置涂胶辊，实现同时对铜单丝进行绞合和涂覆密封胶，避免了铜单丝在不断的绞合过程中由于密封胶的粘连而无法绞合，同时避免铜单丝在绞合过程中不需要频繁更换机器，防止在转运过程中铜丝卷粘接在一起无法分开，并且一次绞合完成可以使铜线芯81具有更好的韧性、导电性和导热性，能够提高电缆的使用寿命；
(3)本发明通过对挤胶装置设置分区分层加热，可以降低所加入胶料的含水量，避免在挤胶的过程中产生气泡使主线芯的外保护层出现空洞，同时设置方箱和切割轮，使所加入的胶料能够被粉碎的更加彻底，提高挤胶效率，通过将加热圈逐渐集中在第一加热筒的出料口，使得胶料在加热的过程中能始终保持加热效率，防止由于温差的降低而影响胶料成胶，并且这样设置可以降低热量的损耗，提高利用效率，第一加热筒倾斜放置能加快胶液流动，第二加热筒的内部呈圆台状，在第二挤胶涡轮的推动下对胶液进行加压，能够使胶液更加顺畅的流入挤胶头。
附图说明
为了便于本领域技术人员理解，下面结合附图对本发明作进一步的说 明。
图1为本发明电缆结构示意图；
图2为本发明铜线芯制作装置示意图；
图3为本发明绞线装置结构示意图；
图4为本发明绞线机组结构示意图；
图5为本发明挤胶装置结构示意图；
图中：1、绞线装置；2、冷却辊；3、定位架；4、挤胶装置；5、冷却池；6、绕线辊；7、支撑架；8、绞线电机；9、多层绞盘；10、第一涂胶辊；11、聚线器；12、聚线筒；13、绞线机组；14、绞线机架；15、绕线电机；16、支撑轴承；17、铜丝盘；18、铜盘架；19、第二涂胶辊；20、束线器；21、进料斗；22、排气泵；23、加热管；24、粉碎电机；25、主动切割轮；26、从动切割轮；27、主动齿轮；28、从动齿轮；29、第一挤胶电机；30、第一挤胶涡轮；31、第一加热筒；32、第二挤胶电机；33、第二挤胶涡轮；34、第二加热筒；35、挤胶头；36、转向滑轮；80、支撑橡胶条；81、铜线芯；82、密封胶层；83、外保护层；84、填充密封胶；85、内保护层；86、第二密封层；87、铠装层；88、第一密封层；89、外防护层。
具体实施方式
请参阅图1-5所示，一种水下航行器专用固定绕组用消磁电缆，包括三个主线芯，三个主线芯之间夹着支撑橡胶条80，三个主线芯设置在内保护层85内，所述主线芯包括铜线芯81，所述铜线芯81的外侧设置有密封胶层82，所述密封胶层82的外侧设置有外保护层83，所述内保护层85的外侧设置有第二密封层86，所述第二密封层86的外侧设置有铠装层87，所述铠装层87的外侧设置有第一密封层88，所述第一密封层88外侧设置有外防护层89，所述内保护层85的内侧还设置有填充密封胶84，通过多 层保护，保证线缆的防水性、耐腐蚀性和耐磨损性。
所述铠装层87为两层相同规格的镀锡铜丝网编织而成，镀锡铜丝网的规格为40/in，两层铜丝网之间交错排列，编织角度为40°～60°，编织覆盖率为88％～92％，所述铜线芯81的单丝直径为0.2～0.4mm，以8～10倍的节径比绞合成股线，所述股线再按照与原束绞相反的方向以12～16倍的节径比复绞成所述铜线芯81；所述主线芯的绞合节径比为18～20倍；所述支撑橡胶条80的膨胀系数为1.1～1.2，通过反复束绞，加强铜线芯81的韧性，提高铜线芯81的抗弯折性。
所述外保护层83为增塑硫化三元乙丙橡胶，所述内保护层85和外防护层89为增塑硫化氯磺化聚乙烯橡胶，所述密封胶层82、填充密封胶84、第二密封层86和第一密封层88为有机硅密封胶，所述支撑橡胶条80为氯丁橡胶，所述外防护层89外还涂覆有漆酚树脂漆，通过涂漆提高线缆的耐腐蚀性。
该电缆的制备工艺包括以下步骤：
步骤一：将镀锡铜丝制成主线芯，先将若干条单丝直径为0.2～0.4mm的镀锡铜丝放置于绞线机组13，通过绞线装置1将镀锡铜丝涂覆上密封胶并绞合成铜线芯81，再经过冷却辊2冷却后，由定位架3定位，通过挤胶装置4为已经涂覆上密封胶的铜线芯81再涂覆上外保护层83，最后经冷却池5冷却，制成主线芯，由绕线辊6收集；
步骤二：在三根主线芯之间填充支撑橡胶条80，以节径比18～20倍进行绞合，同时在主线芯外挤包内保护层85，并在内保护层85内加入填充密封胶84，从而加工成缆芯；
步骤三：在缆芯外侧涂覆第二密封层86，在第二密封层86的外侧套设铠装层87，随后在铠装层87的外侧同步挤包第一密封层88和外防护层89；
步骤四：在外防护层89干燥后涂覆漆酚树脂漆，得到电缆成品，将电 缆成品烘干收卷得到电缆产品。
所述绞线装置1包括支撑架7、绞线电机8、多层绞盘9、第一涂胶辊10、聚线器11、聚线筒12、绞线机组13和转向滑轮36，所述绞线电机8安装在支撑架7的顶端，所述绞线电机8的驱动轴端部固定连接多层绞盘9的转动轴端部，所述多层绞盘9的每层盘面上沿圆周均匀安装有若干组绞线机组13，所述多层绞盘9的另一个转动轴端部固定连接有第一涂胶辊10，所述支撑架7的下端横杆上安装有聚线筒12，所述聚线筒12的上端安装有聚线器11，所述聚线器11位于第一涂胶辊10的正下方，所述聚线筒12位于聚线器11的正下方，所述转向滑轮36安装在支撑架7的下端横杆的端部，转向滑轮36的滑轮边沿切线与聚线筒12的轴线重合；
所述绞线机组13包括绞线机架14、绕线电机15、支撑轴承16、铜丝盘17、铜盘架18、第二涂胶辊19和束线器20，若干组所述绞线机架14均匀分布在多层绞盘9的每一层上，所述绞线机架14的顶端安装有绕线电机15，所述绕线电机15的驱动轴端部安装有支撑轴承16，所述绕线电机15的驱动轴端部固定连接有第二涂胶辊19的转动轴端部，所述支撑轴承16同时套接有第二涂胶辊19的转动轴，所述支撑轴承16安装在绞线机架14的中部横杆端部，支撑轴承16的外圈固定连接在绞线机架14的中部横杆端部，支撑轴承16的内圈固定连接有绕线电机15的驱动轴端部和第二涂胶辊19的转动轴端部，若干所述铜盘架18沿圆周均匀分布在第二涂胶辊19的上表面，若干所述铜丝盘17分别安装在铜盘架18内，所述束线器20安装在绞线机架14的下部横杆的端部，且束线器20位于第二涂胶辊19的正下方，通过整体的反复的束绞和涂覆密封胶，提高铜线芯81的韧性和导热性。
所述挤胶装置4包括进料斗21、排气泵22、加热管23、粉碎电机24、主动切割轮25、从动切割轮26、主动齿轮27、从动齿轮28、第一挤胶电 机29、第一挤胶涡轮30、第一加热筒31、第二挤胶电机32、第二挤胶涡轮33、第二加热筒34和挤胶头35，所述挤胶装置4的上部设置有方箱，所述进料斗连通在方箱的顶部侧边，所述排气泵22安装在方箱的顶部中心，所述粉碎电机24安装在方箱的下部侧边，所述粉碎电机24的驱动轴贯穿方箱侧壁并固定连接有主动切割轮25的转动轴端部，所述粉碎电机24的驱动轴与方箱侧壁通过轴承转动连接，所述主动切割轮25的另一端贯穿方箱另一侧的侧壁并安装有主动齿轮27，所述主动切割轮25的另一端与方箱的侧壁通过轴承转动连接，所述从动切割轮26的一端与方箱的内壁通过轴承转动连接，另一端贯穿方箱侧壁并安装有从动齿轮28，所述从动切割轮26位于主动切割轮25的正上方且从动切割轮26与主动切割轮25的切割刀片交叉分布，所述主动齿轮27和从动齿轮28之间啮合传动，所述加热管23安装在方箱的底部内壁上，所述方箱的底部侧边开有通孔，所述第一加热筒31的上端侧壁开有进料口与通孔连通，所述第一加热筒31的顶部安装有第一挤胶电机29，所述第一挤胶电机29的驱动轴贯穿第一加热筒31的顶端且驱动轴的端部固定连接有第一挤胶涡轮30，所述第一挤胶涡轮30安装在第一加热筒31的内部且第一挤胶涡轮30的端部通过安装架安装在第一加热筒31的另一端，所述第一加热筒31的另一端开有出料口并与第二加热筒34的入料口连通，所述第二挤胶电机32安装在第二加热筒34的一端并位于入料口一侧，所述第二挤胶电机32的驱动轴贯穿第二加热筒34的一端并固定连接有第二挤胶涡轮33，所述第二挤胶涡轮33的另一端通过安装架安装在第二加热筒34的另一端，所述第二加热筒34的另一端开有排料口，所述挤胶头35与通孔连通，通过连续两次的加热挤胶，提高挤胶的效率，降低挤胶的能耗，防止在熔胶的过程中不产生气泡。
所述第一涂胶辊10和第二涂胶辊19的侧壁成列地均匀开设有若干小孔，小孔所在列分别向内凹陷成凹槽，每个所述凹槽两端分别安装有滑轮， 所述镀锡铜丝盘绕在铜丝盘17上，所述镀锡铜丝依次穿过铜盘架18、束线器20、多层绞盘9、聚线器11和聚线筒12，并分别与第一涂胶辊10和第二涂胶辊19的凹槽内两端的滑轮滚动连接，同时所述镀锡铜丝与转向滑轮36滚动连接；
所述多层绞盘的每一层在镀锡铜丝贯穿处开有圆孔，所述圆孔内对称安装有一对滑轮，滑轮边缘向内凹陷，滑轮之间滚动连接且连接处的横剖面呈圆形，圆形直径与所穿过的镀锡铜丝或镀锡铜丝束保持一致，利用滑轮组的限位使得铜丝束保持稳定，使密封胶的涂覆保持均匀。
所述第一加热筒31呈倾斜设置，所述第一加热筒31的筒壁内部埋设有若干加热圈且加热圈逐渐集中于第一加热筒31的出料口，所述第一挤胶电机29的外部套设有防尘罩，所述第一挤胶电机29的驱动轴与第一加热筒31的筒壁通过轴承转动连接，所述第二加热筒34呈水平设置，所述第二加热筒34的内壁均匀埋设有若干加热棒且第二加热筒34的内壁呈圆台状，内壁的剖面直径越靠近排料口越小，排料口处的内壁剖面直径比第二挤胶涡轮33的直径大1％，所述第二挤胶电机32外侧套设有散热罩，所述第二挤胶电机32的驱动轴与第二加热筒34的筒壁通过轴承转动连接，所述排气泵22与方箱之间安装有过滤网，过滤网的网口直径为两毫米，所述进料斗21设置有密封盖，通过加热管23对胶料进行预加热，排出水分。
所述外保护层83的原料组分及重量含量为三元乙丙橡胶K21：17份；三元乙丙橡胶4045M：6份；过氧化二异丙苯：0.6～0.7份；三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯：0.3～0.4份；2-硫醇基苯并咪唑：0.8～1.0份；2，2，4-三甲基-1，2-二氢化喹啉聚合体：0.3～0.4份；石蜡油：1.5～2.5份；氯化石蜡-52：1.5～2份；微晶石蜡：0.6～1.0份；氧化锌：1.0～2.0份；硬脂酸：0.4～0.6份；超细滑石粉：10～11份；白炭黑：1.0～1.5份；煅烧陶土：8～10份。
所述内保护层85和外防护层89的原料组分及重量含量为氯磺化聚乙烯橡胶H40：25份；二硫化二苯并噻唑：0.6～0.8份；六硫化双五甲撑秋兰姆：0.4～0.6份；氧化镁：1.5～2.0份；聚乙二醇：1.5～2.5份；二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸镍：0.3～0.5份；4,4′-双(α，α-二甲基苄基)二苯胺：0.2～0.3份；邻苯二甲酸二辛酯：2.6～3.2份；三氧化二锑：1.2～1.6份；氯化石蜡-52：0.7～1.1份；氢氧化镁：1.2～1.6份；半补强炭黑：0.6～1.1份；白炭黑：5.0～6.0份；超细滑石粉：9～11份。
本发明在使用过程中，通过绕线电机15将铜丝盘17、铜盘架18和第二涂胶辊19一起旋转，使镀锡铜单丝能够一边涂覆上密封胶，一边在束线器20上绞合成股线，再通过绞线电机8进行反方向的绞合，提高了铜线芯81的韧性和导热性，延长了其使用寿命，绞合完成后，通过挤胶装置4进行外保护层83的涂覆，通过粉碎电机24带动主动切割轮25和从动切割轮26对从进料斗21加入的胶料进行粉碎和混合，同时利用加热管23对胶料进行干燥处理，防止水分在之后的加热过程中形成气泡以使主线芯受损，排气泵22将含水热气排出，经过充分粉碎混合的胶料进入第一加热筒31进行加热融化，并进入第二加热筒34形成液态胶料，在第二挤胶涡轮33的推动下，液态胶料从挤胶头35挤出并涂覆在铜线芯81的密封胶层82外侧，经过冷却池5的冷却形成主线芯，再将多根主线芯(一般是三根)连同支撑橡胶条80一起经过绞合，再在外侧依次套设内保护层85、第二密封层86、铠装层87、第一密封层88和外防护层89，并在外防护层89的外侧涂覆有漆酚树脂漆作为保护漆，能更有效地保护电缆不受航行中的恶劣环境所侵蚀。
本发明中的电缆通过设置多层结构来提高电缆的特性，通过外防护层89，提高电缆的耐高低温性和耐浸水性，外防护层89涂覆有漆酚树脂漆可以提高电缆的耐腐蚀性，同时外防护层89本身作为氯磺化聚乙烯橡胶具有 极好的耐侵蚀性，电缆内部的铠装层87采用双层铜丝网编织而成，屏蔽效果好，电缆的内部通过设置第一密封层88、第二密封层86以及密封胶层82，增强了层与层之间的贴合性，避免了层与层之间发生空泡等现象，支撑橡胶条80提高了电缆的耐弯折性，避免了电缆在使用过程中由于弯折度过高造成电缆线断裂，通过绞线装置1对若干铜单丝进行不断的绞合，提高了铜线芯81的耐卷绕性和韧性，延长了电缆的使用寿命。
以上内容仅仅是对本发明结构所作的举例和说明，所属本技术领域的技术人员对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代，只要不偏离发明的结构或者超越本权利要求书所定义的范围，均应属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种水下航行器专用固定绕组用消磁电缆，其特征在于，包括三个主线芯，三个主线芯之间夹着支撑橡胶条(80)，三个主线芯设置在内保护层(85)内，所述主线芯包括铜线芯(81)，所述铜线芯(81)的外侧设置有密封胶层(82)，所述密封胶层(82)的外侧设置有外保护层(83)，所述内保护层(85)的外侧设置有第二密封层(86)，所述第二密封层(86)的外侧设置有铠装层(87)，所述铠装层(87)的外侧设置有第一密封层(88)，所述第一密封层(88)外侧设置有外防护层(89)，所述内保护层(85)的内侧还设置有填充密封胶(84)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种水下航行器专用固定绕组用消磁电缆，其特征在于，所述铠装层(87)为两层相同规格的镀锡铜丝网编织而成，镀锡铜丝网的规格为40/in，两层铜丝网之间交错排列，编织角度为40°～60°，编织覆盖率为88％～92％，所述铜线芯(81)的单丝直径为0.2～0.4mm，以8～10倍的节径比绞合成股线，所述股线再按照与原束绞相反的方向以12～16倍的节径比复绞成所述铜线芯(81)；所述主线芯的绞合节径比为18～20倍；所述支撑橡胶条(80)的膨胀系数为1.1～1.2。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种水下航行器专用固定绕组用消磁电缆，其特征在于，所述外保护层(83)为增塑硫化三元乙丙橡胶，所述内保护层(85)和外防护层(89)为增塑硫化氯磺化聚乙烯橡胶，所述密封胶层(82)、填充密封胶(84)、第二密封层(86)和第一密封层(88)为有机硅密封胶，所述支撑橡胶条(80)为氯丁橡胶，所述外防护层(89)外还涂覆有漆酚树脂漆。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种水下航行器专用固定绕组用消磁电缆， 其特征在于，该电缆的制备工艺包括以下步骤：
    步骤一：将镀锡铜丝制成主线芯，先将若干条单丝直径为0.2～0.4mm的镀锡铜丝放置于绞线机组(13)，通过绞线装置(1)将镀锡铜丝涂覆上密封胶并绞合成铜线芯(81)，再经过冷却辊(2)冷却后，由定位架(3)定位，通过挤胶装置(4)为已经涂覆上密封胶的铜线芯(81)再涂覆上外保护层(83)，最后经冷却池(5)冷却，制成主线芯，由绕线辊(6)收集；
    步骤二：在三根主线芯之间填充支撑橡胶条(80)，以节径比18～20倍进行绞合，同时在主线芯外挤包内保护层(85)，并在内保护层(85)内加入填充密封胶(84)，从而加工成缆芯；
    步骤三：在缆芯外侧涂覆第二密封层(86)，在第二密封层(86)的外侧套设铠装层(87)，随后在铠装层(87)的外侧同步挤包第一密封层(88)和外防护层(89)；
    步骤四：在外防护层(89)干燥后涂覆漆酚树脂漆，得到电缆成品，将电缆成品烘干收卷得到电缆产品。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种水下航行器专用固定绕组用消磁电缆，其特征在于，所述绞线装置(1)包括支撑架(7)、绞线电机(8)、多层绞盘(9)、第一涂胶辊(10)、聚线器(11)、聚线筒(12)、绞线机组(13)和转向滑轮(36)，所述绞线电机(8)安装在支撑架(7)的顶端，所述绞线电机(8)的驱动轴端部固定连接多层绞盘(9)的转动轴端部，所述多层绞盘(9)的每层盘面上沿圆周均匀安装有若干组绞线机组(13)，所述多层绞盘(9)的另一个转动轴端部固定连接有第一涂胶辊(10)，所述支撑架(7)的下端横杆上安装有聚线筒(12)，所述聚线筒(12)的上端安装有聚线器(11)，所述聚线器(11)位于第一涂胶辊(10)的正下方，所述聚线筒(12)位于聚线器(11)的正下方，所述转向滑轮(36) 安装在支撑架(7)的下端横杆的端部，转向滑轮(36)的滑轮边沿切线与聚线筒(12)的轴线重合；
    所述绞线机组(13)包括绞线机架(14)、绕线电机(15)、支撑轴承(16)、铜丝盘(17)、铜盘架(18)、第二涂胶辊(19)和束线器(20)，若干组所述绞线机架(14)均匀分布在多层绞盘(9)的每一层上，所述绞线机架(14)的顶端安装有绕线电机(15)，所述绕线电机(15)的驱动轴端部安装有支撑轴承(16)，所述绕线电机(15)的驱动轴端部固定连接有第二涂胶辊(19)的转动轴端部，所述支撑轴承(16)同时套接有第二涂胶辊(19)的转动轴，所述支撑轴承(16)安装在绞线机架(14)的中部横杆端部，支撑轴承(16)的外圈固定连接在绞线机架(14)的中部横杆端部，支撑轴承(16)的内圈固定连接有绕线电机(15)的驱动轴端部和第二涂胶辊(19)的转动轴端部，若干所述铜盘架(18)沿圆周均匀分布在第二涂胶辊(19)的上表面，若干所述铜丝盘(17)分别安装在铜盘架(18)内，所述束线器(20)安装在绞线机架(14)的下部横杆的端部，且束线器(20)位于第二涂胶辊(19)的正下方。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的一种水下航行器专用固定绕组用消磁电缆，其特征在于，所述挤胶装置(4)包括进料斗(21)、排气泵(22)、加热管(23)、粉碎电机(24)、主动切割轮(25)、从动切割轮(26)、主动齿轮(27)、从动齿轮(28)、第一挤胶电机(29)、第一挤胶涡轮(30)、第一加热筒(31)、第二挤胶电机(32)、第二挤胶涡轮(33)、第二加热筒(34)和挤胶头(35)，所述挤胶装置(4)的上部设置有方箱，所述进料斗连通在方箱的顶部侧边，所述排气泵(22)安装在方箱的顶部中心，所述粉碎电机(24)安装在方箱的下部侧边，所述粉碎电机(24)的驱动轴贯穿方箱侧壁并固定连接有主动切割轮(25)的转动轴端部，所述粉碎电机(24)的驱动轴与方箱侧壁通过轴承转动连接，所述主动切割轮(25) 的另一端贯穿方箱另一侧的侧壁并安装有主动齿轮(27)，所述主动切割轮(25)的另一端与方箱的侧壁通过轴承转动连接，所述从动切割轮(26)的一端与方箱的内壁通过轴承转动连接，另一端贯穿方箱侧壁并安装有从动齿轮(28)，所述从动切割轮(26)位于主动切割轮(25)的正上方且从动切割轮(26)与主动切割轮(25)的切割刀片交叉分布，所述主动齿轮(27)和从动齿轮(28)之间啮合传动，所述加热管(23)安装在方箱的底部内壁上，所述方箱的底部侧边开有通孔，所述第一加热筒(31)的上端侧壁开有进料口与通孔连通，所述第一加热筒(31)的顶部安装有第一挤胶电机(29)，所述第一挤胶电机(29)的驱动轴贯穿第一加热筒(31)的顶端且驱动轴的端部固定连接有第一挤胶涡轮(30)，所述第一挤胶涡轮(30)安装在第一加热筒(31)的内部且第一挤胶涡轮(30)的端部通过安装架安装在第一加热筒(31)的另一端，所述第一加热筒(31)的另一端开有出料口并与第二加热筒(34)的入料口连通，所述第二挤胶电机(32)安装在第二加热筒(34)的一端并位于入料口一侧，所述第二挤胶电机(32)的驱动轴贯穿第二加热筒(34)的一端并固定连接有第二挤胶涡轮(33)，所述第二挤胶涡轮(33)的另一端通过安装架安装在第二加热筒(34)的另一端，所述第二加热筒(34)的另一端开有排料口，所述挤胶头(35)与通孔连通。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的一种水下航行器专用固定绕组用消磁电缆，其特征在于，所述第一涂胶辊(10)和第二涂胶辊(19)的侧壁成列地均匀开设有若干小孔，小孔所在列分别向内凹陷成凹槽，每个所述凹槽的两端分别安装有滑轮，所述镀锡铜丝盘绕在铜丝盘(17)上，所述镀锡铜丝依次穿过铜盘架(18)、束线器(20)、多层绞盘(9)、聚线器(11)和聚线筒(12)，并分别与第一涂胶辊(10)和第二涂胶辊(19)的凹槽内两端的滑轮滚动连接，同时所述镀锡铜丝与转向滑轮(36)滚动连接；
    所述多层绞盘的每一层在镀锡铜丝贯穿处开有圆孔，所述圆孔内对称安装有一对滑轮，滑轮边缘向内凹陷，滑轮之间滚动连接且连接处的横剖面呈圆形，圆形直径与所穿过的镀锡铜丝或镀锡铜丝束保持一致。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的一种水下航行器专用固定绕组用消磁电缆，其特征在于，所述第一加热筒(31)呈倾斜设置，所述第一加热筒(31)的筒壁内部埋设有若干加热圈且加热圈逐渐集中于第一加热筒(31)的出料口，所述第一挤胶电机(29)的外部套设有防尘罩，所述第一挤胶电机(29)的驱动轴与第一加热筒(31)的筒壁通过轴承转动连接，所述第二加热筒(34)呈水平设置，所述第二加热筒(34)的内壁均匀埋设有若干加热棒且第二加热筒(34)的内壁呈圆台状，内壁的剖面直径越靠近排料口越小，排料口处的内壁剖面直径比第二挤胶涡轮(33)的直径大1％，所述第二挤胶电机(32)外侧套设有散热罩，所述第二挤胶电机(32)的驱动轴与第二加热筒(34)的筒壁通过轴承转动连接，所述排气泵(22)与方箱之间安装有过滤网，过滤网的网口直径为两毫米，所述进料斗(21)设置有密封盖。
  9. 根据权利要求4所述的一种水下航行器专用固定绕组用消磁电缆，其特征在于，所述外保护层(83)的原料组分及重量含量为三元乙丙橡胶K21：17份；三元乙丙橡胶4045M：6份；过氧化二异丙苯：0.6～0.7份；三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯：0.3～0.4份；2-硫醇基苯并咪唑：0.8～1.0份；2，2，4-三甲基-1，2-二氢化喹啉聚合体：0.3～0.4份；石蜡油：1.5～2.5份；氯化石蜡-52：1.5～2份；微晶石蜡：0.6～1.0份；氧化锌：1.0～2.0份；硬脂酸：0.4～0.6份；超细滑石粉：10～11份；白炭黑：1.0～1.5份；煅烧陶土：8～10份。
  10. [根据细则26改正20.11.2020]　
    根据权利要求4所述的一种水下航行器专用固定绕组用消磁电缆，其特征在于，所述内保护层(85)和外防护层(89)的原料组分及重 量含量为氯磺化聚乙烯橡胶H40：25份；二硫化二苯并噻唑：0.6～0.8份；六硫化双五甲撑秋兰姆：0.4～0.6份；氧化镁：1.5～2.0份；聚乙二醇：1.5～2.5份；二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸镍：0.3～0.5份；4,4′-双(α，α-二甲基苄基)二苯胺：0.2～0.3份；邻苯二甲酸二辛酯：2.6～3.2份；三氧化二锑：1.2～1.6份；氯化石蜡-52：0.7～1.1份；氢氧化镁：1.2～1.6份；半补强炭黑：0.6～1.1份；白炭黑：5.0～6.0份；超细滑石粉：9～11份。
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