WO2022062810A1 - 站点、ap、信道状态信息反馈、波束赋形方法及存储介质 - Google Patents

站点、ap、信道状态信息反馈、波束赋形方法及存储介质 Download PDF

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WO2022062810A1
WO2022062810A1 PCT/CN2021/114441 CN2021114441W WO2022062810A1 WO 2022062810 A1 WO2022062810 A1 WO 2022062810A1 CN 2021114441 W CN2021114441 W CN 2021114441W WO 2022062810 A1 WO2022062810 A1 WO 2022062810A1
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Prior art keywords
matrix
signal
state information
training
noise
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French (fr)
Inventor
曹明伟
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Spreadtrum Communications Shanghai Co Ltd
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Spreadtrum Communications Shanghai Co Ltd
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Priority to US18/028,965 priority Critical patent/US12199712B2/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H04B7/0837—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using pre-detection combining
    • H04B7/0842—Weighted combining
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
    • H04B7/0621—Feedback content
    • H04B7/0626—Channel coefficients, e.g. channel state information [CSI]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communication technologies, in particular to a channel state information feedback, a beamforming method, an AP, a site and a storage medium.
  • Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • MIMO Multiple-In Multiple-Out
  • the wireless access point In order to support beamforming and achieve better multi-antenna transmission performance, the wireless access point (Access Point, AP) needs the station (Station) to feed back channel state information (Channel State Information, CSI).
  • the channel fed back by the CSI refers to the equivalent channel, and the equivalent channel refers to the channel obtained by combining the spatial channel through which the signal is transmitted and the influence of the circuits of the AP transmitter and the Station receiver on the signal.
  • the wireless access point will send a training frame to the station, and the receiver of the station will estimate the equivalent channel corresponding to the training frame when receiving the training frame, and pass the equivalent channel estimation result through CSI is fed back to the wireless access point.
  • the wireless access point performs precoding and beamforming based on the equivalent channel state information corresponding to the training frame.
  • the problem to be solved by the present invention is: the effect of the existing beamforming is not good enough, especially in some cases, it may be very poor.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a station, including: a receiving processing circuit, suitable for processing training frames on multiple receiving antennas to obtain the signal power of the multiple training frames; a combining unit, suitable for generating a channel state information, the channel state information includes: the first correspondence, the signal power of the multiple training frames, and the unitary matrix and the singular value matrix, the unitary matrix and the singular value matrix and the equivalent channel matrix corresponding to the training frame Correlation, the first corresponding relationship includes: a corresponding relationship between signal power and noise coefficient, and the noise coefficient is related to the gain value of the receiving processing circuit.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a channel state information feedback method, including: a receiving processing circuit processes training frames on multiple receiving antennas to obtain signal powers of the multiple training frames; and generating channel state information, where the channel state information includes : the first correspondence, the signal power of the multiple training frames, and the unitary matrix and the singular value matrix, the unitary matrix and the singular value matrix are related to the equivalent channel matrix corresponding to the training frame, and the first correspondence Including: the corresponding relationship between the signal power and the noise figure, and the noise figure is related to the gain value of the radio frequency circuit.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a wireless access point, including: a receiving unit adapted to receive channel state information, where the channel state information includes: a first correspondence, signal powers of multiple training frames, and unitary and singular value matrix, the unitary matrix and the singular value matrix are related to the equivalent channel matrix corresponding to the training frame, and the first corresponding relationship includes: the corresponding relationship between signal power and noise coefficient, the noise coefficient and the receiving processing in the site
  • the gain values of the circuits are correlated;
  • the updating unit is adapted to update the channel state information when a first condition is satisfied, where the first condition includes: the signal powers of the plurality of training frames are inconsistent.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a beamforming method, including: receiving channel state information, where the channel state information includes: a first correspondence, signal powers of multiple training frames, and a unitary matrix and a singular value matrix, the The unitary matrix and the singular value matrix are related to the equivalent channel matrix corresponding to the training frame, and the first corresponding relationship includes: the corresponding relationship between the signal power and the noise coefficient, and the noise coefficient is related to the gain value of the receiving processing circuit in the site ; Update the channel state information when a first condition is met, the first condition comprising: the signal powers of the plurality of training frames are inconsistent.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, comprising: the computer program is executed by a processor to implement all the steps of the above-mentioned methods.
  • the Station of the present invention will put the signal power of the training frame and the corresponding relationship between the signal power and the noise figure into the channel state information CSI. Therefore, in this new channel state information CSI, in addition to the conventional unitary matrix and singular value matrix, the signal power of the training frame and the corresponding relationship between the signal power and the noise figure are also included. This provides a basis for the AP to update the precoding scheme according to the new channel state information CSI, which can greatly improve the beamforming effect.
  • Figure 1 is a graph of gain and noise figure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a site structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless access point In order to facilitate the station (Station) to feed back CSI, the wireless access point (AP) will send a training frame to help the Station estimate CSI, where the CSI refers to the state information of the equivalent channel.
  • the equivalent channel refers to: the space channel through which the signal is transmitted and the channel obtained by synthesizing the influence of the circuits of the AP transmitter and the Station receiver on the signal.
  • the circuit of the existing Station receiver includes parts such as a receiving antenna and a radio frequency circuit.
  • the input signal on the same receiving antenna will have different signal power due to different actual scenarios, and the input signal on different receiving antennas will also have different signal power.
  • the radio frequency circuit mainly includes a signal amplification part and a frequency mixing part, which can convert the input signal on the receiving antenna into a baseband signal.
  • the amplification part of the RF circuit is mainly a low noise amplifier (Low Noise Amplifier, LNA) and a variable gain amplifier (Variable Gain Amplifier, VGA).
  • Station receivers have a large dynamic range, ranging from -100dbm signals to 10dbm signals.
  • the gain value of the RF circuit mainly depends on the gain of the LNA.
  • the LNA usually sets multiple gain levels. The larger the gain level, the smaller the linear range and the smaller the noise figure (NF).
  • NF noise figure
  • LNAs connected to different receiving antennas may use different gain levels, that is, have different NFs. This makes the equivalent channel after the spatial channel superimposed on the RF circuit changes due to the NF after the channel passes through the RF circuit, which is exactly the equivalent channel estimated by the Station receiver.
  • the signal powers of the training frames and data frames on the receiving antenna are different, so that the gain levels used by the LNA may be different.
  • the signal power of the training frame on the two receiving antennas may be -50dbm and -60dbm, respectively.
  • the signal power of the data frame on the two receiving antennas may be -55dbm and -60dbm, respectively. -55dbm.
  • the radio frequency circuits connected to the two receiving antennas use different gain levels when the Station receives training frames and data frames, so as to have different noise figures, that is, the signal power of each level of the input signal on the receiving antenna has the same
  • the corresponding noise coefficient, the equivalent channel corresponding to the training frame and the equivalent channel corresponding to the data frame are also different.
  • a site in this embodiment of the present invention includes: a receiving processing circuit and a combining unit 5 .
  • the receiving processing circuit is the main component in the Station receiver.
  • the receive processing circuit is adapted to process the training frames on the plurality of receive antennas 1 to obtain the signal power of the plurality of training frames.
  • the combining unit 5 is adapted to generate channel state information CSI, where the channel state information CSI includes: the first correspondence, the signal power of the training frame, the unitary matrix V(k) and the singular value matrix S(k), where k represents the kth sub carrier.
  • the unitary matrix V(k) and the singular value matrix S(k) are related to the equivalent channel matrix H(k) corresponding to the training frame;
  • the first correspondence includes: the correspondence between signal power and noise coefficient, The noise figure is related to a gain value of the receive processing circuit.
  • the Station in this implementation will put the signal power of multiple training frames and the corresponding relationship between the signal power and the noise coefficient into the channel state information CSI. Therefore, in this new channel state information CSI, in addition to the conventional unitary matrix V(k) and singular value matrix S(k), the signal power of the training frame and the corresponding relationship between the signal power and the noise figure are also included. This provides a basis for the AP to update the precoding scheme according to the new channel state information CSI, which can greatly improve the beamforming effect.
  • the receiving and processing circuit may include: a radio frequency circuit 2 and a processing unit 3 .
  • the radio frequency circuit 2 is adapted to process training frames on multiple receiving antennas 1 to generate corresponding baseband signals, and the gain value of the radio frequency circuit 2 is related to the gain value of the receiving processing circuit. Specifically, the radio frequency circuit 2 may perform signal amplification and frequency mixing processing on the training frame to generate the baseband signal.
  • the radio frequency circuit 2 includes a low noise amplifier 21 , a mixer 22 and a variable gain amplifier 23 , wherein the gain value of the radio frequency circuit 2 is related to the gain values of the low noise amplifier 21 and the variable gain amplifier 23 .
  • the input terminal of the low noise amplifier 21 is suitable for inputting the training frame, and the output terminal of the low noise amplifier 21 is connected to the input terminal of the mixer 22 .
  • the mixer 22 is adapted to perform frequency mixing processing on the signal received at its input terminal, and output the mixed-processed signal through its output terminal.
  • the frequency mixing unit 22 can shift the center frequency of the signal from radio frequency to zero frequency.
  • the input terminal of the variable gain amplifier 23 is connected to the output terminal of the mixer 22, and the output terminal of the variable gain amplifier 23 is suitable for outputting the baseband signal.
  • the processing unit 3 is adapted to obtain the signal power of the training frame according to the baseband signal and the gain value of the radio frequency circuit 2, and the signal power of the training frame corresponds to the number of the receiving antenna.
  • the processing unit 3 may include: an analog-to-digital conversion unit 31 , a gain control unit 32 and a power calculation unit 33 .
  • the analog-to-digital conversion unit 31 can perform analog-to-digital conversion on the baseband signal output by the radio frequency circuit 2 to generate a corresponding digital signal.
  • the gain control unit 32 can adjust the gain value of the radio frequency circuit 2 and send the gain value to the power calculation unit 33 .
  • the power calculation unit 33 can calculate the power of the digital signal corresponding to the baseband signal.
  • the power calculation unit 33 calculates the signal power of the training frame on the receiving antenna 1 according to the calculated power of the digital signal and the gain value sent by the gain control unit 32 .
  • the gain control unit 32 can be connected to the low noise amplifier 21 and the variable gain amplifier 23 to adjust their gain values, and the low noise amplifier 21 and the variable gain amplifier 23 perform signal amplification processing on the training frame according to the gain value adjusted by the gain control unit 32 .
  • the gain control unit 32 may be an automatic gain control (Automatic Gain Control, AGC) circuit. It can be understood that the gain values of the noise amplifier 21 and the variable gain amplifier 23 actually represent the gain values of the radio frequency circuit 2 .
  • AGC Automatic Gain Control
  • the Station of this embodiment further includes a channel estimation and decomposition unit 4 .
  • the OFDM system usually has several subcarriers, and the channel estimation and decomposition unit 4 can decompose the equivalent channel matrix H(k) of the training frame on each subcarrier to obtain the unitary matrix V(k) and the singular value matrix S(k) ).
  • the equivalent channel matrix H(k) on the kth subcarrier can be expressed as:
  • H ji is the equivalent channel matrix from the jth transmit antenna in the AP to the ith receive antenna in the Station.
  • the equivalent channel matrix H(k) can be decomposed as follows:
  • SVD means to perform SVD decomposition
  • U(k) and V(k) are unitary matrices
  • S(k) is a singular value matrix
  • S 1 (k), S 2 (k),... are singular values
  • diag represents a diagonal matrix whose diagonal elements are S 1 (k),S 2 (k),...
  • the combining unit 5 combines the signal power of the training frame, the correspondence between the signal power and the noise coefficient, the unitary matrix V(k) and the singular value matrix S(k) into a packet, which is used as CSI for feedback to the AP.
  • the corresponding relationship between the signal power and the noise figure can be made according to the specifications of the radio frequency circuit or the data obtained by the parameters of the relevant test circuit, and is stored in the combination unit 5 in advance.
  • the corresponding relationship between the signal power and the noise figure can be made by those skilled in the art according to actual needs.
  • the present invention also provides a channel state information feedback method, comprising:
  • Step S1 the receiving processing circuit processes the training frames on multiple receiving antennas to obtain the signal powers of the multiple training frames;
  • Step S2 generating channel state information, where the channel state information includes: a first correspondence, signal powers of the multiple training frames, and a unitary matrix and a singular value matrix, the unitary matrix and the singular value matrix and the training frame Corresponding equivalent channel matrices are related, and the first corresponding relationship includes: a corresponding relationship between signal power and a noise coefficient, and the noise coefficient is related to a gain value of the radio frequency circuit.
  • the receiving and processing circuit may include a radio frequency circuit
  • step S1 may include:
  • Step S11 the radio frequency circuit processes the training frame on the receiving antenna to generate a corresponding baseband signal
  • Step S12 Obtain the signal power of the training frame according to the baseband signal and the gain value of the radio frequency circuit, where the gain value of the radio frequency circuit is related to the gain value of the receiving processing circuit.
  • the radio frequency circuit may perform signal amplification and frequency mixing processing on the training frame to generate the baseband signal. Specifically, the radio frequency circuit performs signal amplification processing on the training frame according to the gain value.
  • Step S12 may include:
  • Step S121 performing analog-to-digital conversion on the baseband signal to generate a corresponding digital signal
  • Step S122 adjusting the gain value of the radio frequency circuit
  • Step S123 Calculate the power of the digital signal, and obtain the signal power of the training frame according to the power of the digital signal and the gain value of the radio frequency circuit.
  • Step S1 in this embodiment may further include:
  • Step S13 adjusting the gain value of the radio frequency circuit.
  • Step S3 decompose the equivalent channel matrix of the training frame on each subcarrier to obtain the unitary matrix and the singular value matrix.
  • the channel state information feedback method described in this embodiment corresponds to the Station structure of the previous embodiment, and the related detailed explanation can refer to the description of the previous embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the present invention also provides an AP corresponding to the Station in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the AP includes: a receiving unit, a prediction unit and an updating unit.
  • the receiving unit may receive channel state information CSI, where the CSI includes: a first correspondence, signal powers of multiple training frames, a unitary matrix V(k) and a singular value matrix S(k), where k represents the kth subcarrier.
  • the unitary matrix V(k) and the singular value matrix S(k) are related to the equivalent channel matrix H(k) corresponding to the training frame;
  • the first correspondence includes: the correspondence between signal power and noise coefficient,
  • the noise figure is related to the gain value of the receiving processing circuit in the Station, especially, the noise figure is related to the gain value of the radio frequency circuit in the Station.
  • the updating unit is adapted to update the channel state information when a first condition is satisfied, where the first condition includes: signal powers of multiple training frames are inconsistent. For example, the signal power P 1 corresponding to the training frame on the first receiving antenna is not equal to the signal power P 2 corresponding to the training frame on the second receiving antenna.
  • the AP provided by the present application can receive the CSI with the first correspondence and the signal power of the training frame, and update the channel state information when the signal power of multiple training frames is inconsistent, thereby improving the effect of beamforming.
  • a prediction unit adapted to obtain a precoding matrix (which can be regarded as an initial precoding matrix) according to the unitary matrix and the singular value matrix;
  • the precoding unit is adapted to update the precoding matrix according to the updated channel state information to obtain the updated precoding matrix when the first condition is satisfied. Using the updated channel state information to obtain the updated precoding matrix can improve the effect of beamforming.
  • composition structure of the AP is described in detail below.
  • the precoding unit updates the precoding matrix according to the signal power of the training frame, the signal power of the data frame and the first correspondence.
  • the precoding unit may include a power obtaining unit, a first coefficient obtaining unit, a first coefficient obtaining unit, and a second coefficient obtaining unit.
  • the power obtaining unit may obtain the signal power of the data frame according to the precoding matrix (initial precoding matrix).
  • the first coefficient obtaining unit may obtain the first noise coefficient NF i corresponding to the training frame according to the signal power Pi of the training frame and the first correspondence when the first condition is satisfied.
  • the second coefficient obtaining unit may obtain a second noise coefficient NF 0 corresponding to the data frame according to the signal power Pi′ of the data frame and the first correspondence when the first condition is satisfied.
  • the updating subunit may update the precoding matrix according to the first noise coefficient and the second noise coefficient when the first condition is satisfied.
  • the following takes the additive white Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel as an example.
  • AWGN additive white Gaussian Noise
  • the channel fading of all subcarriers is the same, but the channel fading from different transmitting antennas to different receiving antennas is independent, so the subcarrier number k can be Omit.
  • the prediction unit can obtain the precoding matrix Q according to the following formula 2:
  • V represents the unitary matrix V(k)
  • S represents the singular value matrix S(k).
  • the two transmitting antennas of the AP send training frames to the Station at the same time.
  • the training frames are sent to the radio frequency circuit after passing through the two receiving antennas of the Station, and then processed by analog-to-digital conversion.
  • the signal on k subcarriers (this signal is the representation of the training frame in the frequency domain, on the kth subcarrier) can be expressed as:
  • the processing gain of the Station receiver is the power gain; .* represents the matrix-vector corresponding multiplication; H ji (k) represents the equivalent channel matrix from the j-th transmit antenna in the AP to the i-th receive antenna in the Station; s i ( k) represents the transmitted symbol of the ith transmit antenna in the AP transmitter on the kth subcarrier, usually with an energy of 1; n i (k) represents the noise on the Station receiver corresponding to the ith receive antenna.
  • the signal power P i of the training frame received on the ith receiving antenna can be expressed as:
  • the Station can find out the corresponding noise figure NFi corresponding to the signal power Pi of the training frame, and feed it back to the AP through CSI.
  • the AP performs precoding after receiving the CSI, and it is assumed that the precoding matrix is Q (a matrix of 2 ⁇ 2 dimensions). Then after precoding, the data frame is sent to the radio frequency circuit through the two receiving antennas of the Station, and then processed by analog-to-digital conversion, that is, the signal on the kth subcarrier after being processed by the Station receiver is :
  • the processing gain of the Station receiver of the antenna is the power gain; .* represents the corresponding multiplication of matrix vectors; H ji (k) is the equivalent channel matrix from the jth transmit antenna in the AP to the ith receive antenna in the Station; Q Represents the precoding matrix; s i (k) represents the transmitted symbol of the i-th transmit antenna in the AP transmitter on the k-th subcarrier, usually with an energy of 1; n i '(k) represents the corresponding i-th receive antenna. Noise on Station receivers.
  • the signal power P i ' of the data frame received by the i-th receiving antenna can be expressed as:
  • H ji (k) represents the equivalent channel matrix from the j-th transmit antenna in the AP to the i-th receive antenna in the Station;
  • Q represents the precoding matrix;
  • n i represents the corresponding i-th channel matrix Noise on the Station receiver receiving the antenna.
  • the subcarrier number k is omitted because,
  • H represents the equivalent channel matrix H ji (k)
  • Q represents the precoding matrix
  • U represents the unitary matrix U(k)
  • V represents the unitary matrix V(k)
  • S represents the singular value Matrix S(k).
  • the signal power Pi' of the data frame can be obtained according to the precoding matrix Q. It is worth noting that the applicant believes that those skilled in the art know how to obtain the signal power Pi' of the data frame through the precoding matrix Q under other algorithms based on the above-mentioned derivation of the ZF algorithm.
  • examples are not provided one by one, and the examples do not limit the scope of the claims claimed in the present application.
  • the AP After the AP obtains the signal power Pi' of the corresponding data frame and the signal power Pi of the training frame in the CSI, it can compare whether the two are consistent, for example: suppose
  • Zij is a code name, in order to facilitate the expression of the formula in the second line.
  • the precoding scheme needs to be updated first, and then the data frame can be sent.
  • the first coefficient obtaining unit queries the first correspondence according to the signal power Pi of the training frame in the CSI, and obtains the first noise coefficient NF i corresponding to the training frame. After obtaining the signal power Pi' of the data frame through the precoding matrix Q, the first coefficient obtaining unit may obtain the second noise coefficient NF 0 corresponding to the data frame according to the first correspondence.
  • the update subunit can first reconstruct the matrix according to the equivalent channel matrix corresponding to the training frame
  • the noise coefficient NF 0 corresponding to the data frame, the sound coefficient NFi corresponding to the training frame, and the reconstruction matrix of the equivalent channel matrix of the beamforming data frame on each subcarrier is updated by formula 9
  • the update subunit includes:
  • the first matrix obtaining unit is adapted to obtain the reconstruction matrix of the equivalent channel matrix H i corresponding to the training frame according to the unitary matrix V(k) and the singular value matrix S(k)
  • the second matrix obtaining unit is adapted to reconstruct the matrix according to the equivalent channel moment H i ' corresponding to the training frame
  • the first noise coefficient NF i and the second noise coefficient NF 0 obtain the reconstruction matrix of the equivalent channel matrix corresponding to the data frame
  • a matrix updating unit which updates the precoding matrix Q according to the reconstruction matrix of the equivalent channel matrix H i ' corresponding to the data frame.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a beamforming method, which is characterized by comprising:
  • Receive channel state information where the channel state information includes: a first correspondence, signal powers of multiple training frames, and a unitary matrix and a singular value matrix, where the unitary matrix and singular value matrix correspond to equivalent channels of the training frame Matrix correlation, the first corresponding relationship includes: the corresponding relationship between signal power and noise coefficient, and the noise coefficient is related to the gain value of the receiving processing circuit in the site;
  • the channel state information is updated when a first condition is satisfied, where the first condition includes: the signal powers of the plurality of training frames are inconsistent.
  • the beamforming method may further include:
  • the precoding matrix is updated according to the updated channel state information to obtain the updated precoding matrix.
  • the updating of the precoding matrix according to the updated channel state information includes:
  • the precoding matrix is updated according to the first noise coefficient and the second noise coefficient to obtain an updated precoding matrix.
  • the updating the precoding matrix according to the first noise coefficient and the second noise coefficient includes:
  • the precoding matrix is updated according to the reconstruction matrix of the equivalent channel matrix corresponding to the data frame.
  • the reconstruction matrix of the equivalent channel matrix corresponding to the data frame is obtained according to the following formula:
  • i represents the i-th receiving antenna in the site
  • the noise figure NFi represents the first noise figure
  • NF 0 represents the second noise figure.
  • An embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the steps of any of the methods in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may include: ROM, RAM, magnetic disk or optical disk, and the like.

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Abstract

一种站点，包括：接收处理电路，适于处理多个接收天线上的训练帧以获得多个训练帧的信号功率；组合单元，适于产生信道状态信息，所述信道状态信息包括：第一对应关系、所述多个训练帧的信号功率以及酉阵和奇异值矩阵，所述酉阵和奇异值矩阵与所述训练帧对应的等效信道矩阵相关，所述第一对应关系包括：信号功率与噪声系数的对应关系，所述噪声系数与所述接收处理电路的增益值相关。

Description

站点、AP、信道状态信息反馈、波束赋形方法及存储介质
本申请要求于2020年9月28日提交中国专利局、申请号为202011041109.1、发明名称为“站点、AP、信道状态信息反馈、波束赋形方法及存储介质”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域，具体涉及一种信道状态信息反馈、波束赋形方法、AP、站点及存储介质。
背景技术
在目前的wifi系统中，使用正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing，OFDM)技术来提升频谱效率。随着多进多出(Multiple-In Multiple Out，MIMO)技术的应用，进一步挖掘了空间复用以提升频谱效率。为了支持MIMO，发射机通常会设置多个发送天线，这使得波束赋形(Beam forming)成为了可能。
为支持波束赋形，以达到更好的多天线发射性能，无线接入点(Access Point，AP)需要站点(Station)反馈信道状态信息(Channel State Information，CSI)。CSI所反馈的信道指的是等效信道，所述等效信道是指：发射信号所经过的空间信道并综合AP发射机和Station接收机的电路对信号产生的影响，所得到的信道。
为了方便站点反馈CSI，无线接入点会向站点发送一帧训练帧，站点的接收机会在接收到训练帧时，会对训练帧对应的等效信道进行估计，并将等效信道估计结果通过CSI反馈至无线接入点。无线接入点基于训练帧对应的等效信道状态信息进行预编码和波束赋形。
然而，现有波束赋形的效果不足够好，特别是在某些情况下，可能会很差。
发明内容
本发明要解决的问题是：现有波束赋形的效果不足够好，特别是在某些情况下，可能会很差。
为解决上述问题，本发明实施例提供了一种站点，包括：接收处理电路，适于处理多个接收天线上的训练帧以获得多个训练帧的信号功率；组合单元，适于产生信道状态信息，所述信道状态信息包括：第一对应关系、所述多个训练帧的信号功率以及酉阵和奇异值矩阵，所述酉阵和奇异值矩阵与所述训练帧对应的等效信道矩阵相关，所述第一对应关系包括：信号功率与噪声系数的对应关系，所述噪声系数与接收处理电路的增益值相关。
本发明实施例还提供了一种信道状态信息反馈方法，包括：接收处理电路处理多个接收天线上的训练帧以获得多个训练帧的信号功率；产生信道状态信息，所述信道状态信息包括：第一对应关系、所述多个训练帧的信号功率以及酉阵和奇异值矩阵，所述酉阵和奇异值矩阵与所述训练帧对应的等效信道矩阵相关，所述第一对应关系包括：信号功率与噪声系数对应关系，所述噪声系数与所述射频电路的增益值相关。
本发明实施例还提供了一种无线接入点，包括：接收单元，适于接收信道状态信息，所述信道状态信息包括：第一对应关系、多个训练帧的信号功率以及酉阵和奇异值矩阵，所述酉阵和奇异值矩阵与所述训练帧对应的等效信道矩阵相关，所述第一对应关系包括：信号功率与噪声系数的对应关系，所述噪声系数与站点中接收处理电路的增益值相关；更新单元，适于在满足第一条件时更新所述信道状态信息，所述第一条件包括：所述多个训练帧的信号功率不一致。
本发明实施例还提供了一种波束赋形方法，包括：接收信道状态信息，所述信道状态信息包括：第一对应关系、多个训练帧的信号功率以及酉阵和奇异值矩阵，所述酉阵和奇异值矩阵与所述训练帧对应的等效信道矩阵相关，所述第一对应关系包括：信号功率与噪声系数的对应关系，所述噪声系数与站点中接收处理电路的增益值相关；在 满足第一条件时更新所述信道状态信息，所述第一条件包括：所述多个训练帧的信号功率的信号功率不一致。
本发明实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，包括：所述计算机程序被处理器执行，以实现上述所有方法的步骤。
与现有技术相比，本发明实施例的技术方案具有以下优点：
本发明的Station会将训练帧的信号功率，以及信号功率与噪声系数的对应关系放入信道状态信息CSI中。因此，在这种新的信道状态信息CSI中，除了常规的酉阵和奇异值矩阵，还包括训练帧的信号功率，以及信号功率与噪声系数的对应关系。这为AP根据新的信道状态信息CSI更新预编码方案提供了基础，以此可以极大的提高波束赋形效果。
附图说明
图1是增益和噪声系数的关系图；
图2是本发明实施例的站点结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更为明显易懂，下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施例作详细地说明。
为了方便站点(Station)反馈CSI，无线接入点(AP)会发送一帧训练帧，帮助Station估计CSI，此处所述的CSI是指等效信道的状态信息。所述等效信道是指：发射信号所经过的空间信道并综合AP发射机和Station接收机的电路对信号产生的影响，所得到的信道。
具体来说，现有Station接收机的电路包含接收天线和射频电路等部分。同一根接收天线上的输入信号会因实际场景的不同而具有不同的信号功率，而不同接收天线上的输入信号也会具有不同的信号功率。射频电路主要包括信号放大部分和混频部分，可以将接收天线上的输入信号转化为基带信号。射频电路的放大部分主要是低噪声放大 器((Low Noise Amplifier，LNA)和可变增益放大器(Variable Gain Amplifier，VGA)。
Station接收机的动态范围较大，小至可能要接收-100dbm的信号，大至要接收10dbm的信号。射频电路的增益值主要取决于LNA的增益，为了方便理解，下面仅以LNA做分析。如图1所示，LNA通常设置多个增益档位，增益档位越大，线性范围越小，噪声系数(Noise Figure，NF)越小。Station估计信道时，不同接收天线连接的LNA可能使用不同的增益档位，即具有不同的NF。这使得信道通过射频电路后，空间信道叠加射频电路后的等效信道会因NF而改变，Station接收机估计的正是这样的等效信道。
由于波束赋形(Beam Forming，BF)的效果，Station在接收训练帧与接收数据帧时，训练帧和数据帧在接收天线上的信号功率不同，使得LNA所使用的增益档位可能不一样。以2个接收天线为例：训练帧在2个接收天线上的信号功率可能分别为-50dbm和-60dbm，AP进行BF后，数据帧在2个接收天线上的信号功率可能分别为-55dbm和-55dbm。这使得Station在接收训练帧和数据帧时，与这2个接收天线连接的射频电路使用不同的增益档位，从而具有不同的噪声系数，即接收天线上输入信号的各档信号功率均具有与之对应的噪声系数，训练帧对应的等效信道与数据帧对应的等效信道也不相同。
基于上述研究，申请人发明人提出一种新的Station结构。如图2所示，本发明实施例的站点包括：接收处理电路和组合单元5。接收处理电路是Station接收机中的主要组成部分。
接收处理电路适于处理多个接收天线1上的训练帧，以获得多个训练帧的信号功率。
组合单元5适于产生信道状态信息CSI，所述信道状态信息CSI包括：第一对应关系、训练帧的信号功率以及酉阵V(k)和奇异值矩阵S(k)，k表示第k个子载波。其中，所述酉阵V(k)和奇异值矩阵S(k)与训练帧对应的等效信道矩阵H(k)相关；所述第一对应关系包括：信号功 率与噪声系数的对应关系，所述噪声系数与所述接收处理电路的增益值相关。
从上述技术方案可以看出，本实施的Station会将多个训练帧的信号功率，以及信号功率与噪声系数的对应关系放入信道状态信息CSI中。因此，在这种新的信道状态信息CSI中，除了常规的酉阵V(k)和奇异值矩阵S(k)，还包括训练帧的信号功率，以及信号功率与噪声系数的对应关系。这为AP根据新的信道状态信息CSI更新预编码方案提供了基础，以此可以极大的提高波束赋形效果。
下面对Station的组成结构做详细说明。
所述接收处理电路可以包括：射频电路2和处理单元3。
射频电路2适于处理多个接收天线1上的训练帧以产生对应的基带信号，射频电路2的增益值与所述接收处理电路的增益值相关。具体的，射频电路2可以对训练帧进行信号放大和混频处理以产生所述基带信号。
可选的，射频电路2包括低噪声放大器21、混频器22和可变增益放大器23，其中，射频电路2的增益值与低噪声放大器21和可变增益放大器23的增益值相关。
低噪声放大器21的输入端适于输入训练帧，所述低噪声放大器21的输出端连接混频器22的输入端。混频器22适于对其输入端接收到的信号进行混频处理，并通过其输出端输出混频处理后的信号。混频单元22可以将信号的中心频率从射频搬移到零频。可变增益放大器23的输入端连接混频器22的输出端，可变增益放大器23的输出端适于输出所述基带信号。
处理单元3适于根据所述基带信号和射频电路2的增益值获得所述训练帧的信号功率，训练帧的信号功率与接收天线的编号相对应。处理单元3可以包括：模数转换单元31、增益控制单元32和功率计算单元33。
模数转换单元31可以对射频电路2输出的基带信号进行模数转换，以产生对应的数字信号。增益控制单元32可以调节射频电路2的增益值，并将该增益值发送至功率计算单元33。功率计算单元33可以计算出基带信号对应的数字信号的功率。功率计算单元33根据计算出的数字信号的功率，以及增益控制单元32发送的增益值计算出接收天线1上训练帧的信号功率。
其中，增益控制单元32可以连接低噪声放大器21和可变增益放大器23以调节其增益值，低噪声放大器21和可变增益放大器23按照增益控制单元32调节的增益值对训练帧进行信号放大处理。增益控制单元32可以为自动增益控制(Automatic Gain Control，AGC)电路。可以理解的是，噪声放大器21和可变增益放大器23的增益值实际代表了射频电路2的增益值。
本实施例的Station还包括信道估计与分解单元4。OFDM系统通常有若干个子载波，信道估计与分解单元4可以对训练帧在每个子载波上的等效信道矩阵H(k)进行分解，以获得酉阵V(k)和奇异值矩阵S(k)。
以AP具有2个发射天线、Station具有2个接收天线的系统为例，其在第k个子载波上的等效信道矩阵H(k)可以表示为：
Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-000001
H ji为AP中第j个发射天线至Station中第i个接收天线的等效信道矩阵。
等效信道矩阵H(k)可分解如下：
Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-000002
SVD表示进行SVD分解；U(k)和V(k)是酉阵；S(k)是奇异值矩阵，S 1(k),S 2(k),...是奇异值。diag表示对角阵，其对角线元素是S 1(k),S 2(k),...
组合单元5将训练帧的信号功率、信号功率与噪声系数的对应关系以及酉阵V(k)和奇异值矩阵S(k)组合成包，作为CSI，用于向AP反馈。其中，信号功率与噪声系数的对应关系可以根据射频电路的规格或相关测试电路的参数得到的数据制作而成，预先存在组合单元5中。所述信号功率与噪声系数的对应关系，本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要进行制作。
本发明还提供一种信道状态信息反馈方法，包括：
步骤S1，接收处理电路处理多个接收天线上的训练帧，以获得多个训练帧的信号功率；
步骤S2，产生信道状态信息，所述信道状态信息包括：第一对应关系、所述多个训练帧的信号功率以及酉阵和奇异值矩阵，所述酉阵和奇异值矩阵与所述训练帧对应的等效信道矩阵相关，所述第一对应关系包括：信号功率与噪声系数对应关系，所述噪声系数与所述射频电路的增益值相关。
具体的，所述接收处理电路可以包括射频电路，步骤S1可以包括：
步骤S11，所述射频电路处理接收天线上的训练帧以产生对应的基带信号；
步骤S12，根据所述基带信号和所述射频电路的增益值获得所述训练帧的信号功率，所述射频电路的增益值与所述接收处理电路的增益值相关。
在步骤S11中，所述射频电路可以对所述训练帧进行信号放大和混频处理以产生所述基带信号。具体的，所述射频电路按照所述增益值对所述训练帧进行信号放大处理。
步骤S12可以包括：
步骤S121，对所述基带信号进行模数转换，以产生对应的数字信号；
步骤S122，调节所述射频电路的增益值；
步骤S123，计算所述数字信号的功率，并根据所述数字信号的功率和所述射频电路的增益值获得所述训练帧的信号功率。
本实施例所述的步骤S1还可以包括：
步骤S13，调节所述射频电路的增益值。
本实施例所述的信道状态信息反馈方法还可以包括：
步骤S3，对所述训练帧在每个子载波上的等效信道矩阵进行分解，以获得所述酉阵和奇异值矩阵。
本实施例所述的信道状态信息反馈方法与上一实施例的Station结构相对应，相关的详细解释可以参考上一实施例的说明，此处不再赘述。
本发明还提供一种与前述实施例Station对应的AP。所述AP包括：接收单元、预测单元和更新单元。
接收单元可以接收信道状态信息CSI，所述CSI包括：第一对应关系、多个训练帧的信号功率以及酉阵V(k)和奇异值矩阵S(k)，k表示第k个子载波。其中，所述酉阵V(k)和奇异值矩阵S(k)与训练帧对应的等效信道矩阵H(k)相关；所述第一对应关系包括：信号功率与噪声系数的对应关系，所述噪声系数与Station中接收处理电路的增益值相关，尤其是，噪声系数与Station中射频电路的增益值相关。
更新单元，适于在满足第一条件时更新所述信道状态信息，所述第一条件包括：多个训练帧的信号功率不一致。例如对应第一个接收天线上训练帧的信号功率P 1与对应第二个接收天线上训练帧的信号功率P 2不相等。
本申请提供的AP可以接收具有第一对应关系和训练帧的信号功 率的CSI，当多个训练帧的信号功率不一致时，更新信道状态信息，从而提高波束赋形的效果。
本实施例的AP还可以包括：
预测单元，适于根据所述酉阵和奇异值矩阵获得预编码矩阵(可视为初始的预编码矩阵)；
预编码单元，适于在满足第一条件时，根据更新后的信道状态信息更新预编码矩阵以获得更新后的预编码矩阵。使用更新后的信道状态信息获得更新后的预编码矩阵，可以提高波束赋形的效果。
下面对AP的组成结构做详细说明。
预编码单元依据训练帧的信号功率、数据帧的信号功率和第一对应关系更新预编码矩阵。具体的，所述预编码单元可以包括功率获取单元、第一系数获取单元、第一系数获取单元和第二系数获取单元。
功率获取单元可以根据所述预编码矩阵(初始的预编码矩阵)获得数据帧的信号功率。
第一系数获取单元可以在满足第一条件时，根据训练帧的信号功率Pi和第一对应关系，获得与训练帧对应的第一噪声系数NF i。
第二系数获取单元可以在满足第一条件时，根据数据帧的信号功率Pi’和第一对应关系，获得与数据帧对应的第二噪声系数NF 0。
更新子单元可以在满足第一条件时，根据第一噪声系数和第二噪声系数更新预编码矩阵。
下面以加性高斯白噪声(Additive White Gaussian Noise，AWGN)信道为例，所有子载波的信道衰落是相同的，但不同发射天线至不同接收天线的信道衰落是独立的，故子载波号k可略去。以AP采用的预编码方案为迫零算法(Zero Force，ZF)为例，预测单元可以依据下述公式2获得预编码矩阵Q：
Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-000003
||·|| 2表示范数，V表示酉阵V(k)，S表示奇异值矩阵S(k)。
关于根据预编码矩阵Q获得数据帧的信号功率的实现方法，可以参考下面的举例。
依然以AP具有2个发射天线、Station具有2个接收天线的系统为例。AP的2个发射天线同时发送训练帧至Station，所述训练帧经过Station的2个接收天线后送入射频电路，然后再经过模数转换等处理，即经过Station接收机处理后的、在第k个子载波上的信号(此信号是训练帧在频域上，第k个子载波上的表现)可表示为：
Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-000004
r i(k)表示由第i个接收天线接收到的训练帧，经过Station接收机处理后、在第k个子载波上的信号，i＝1,2；G i表示对应第i个接收天线的Station接收机的处理增益，是功率增益；.*表示矩阵向量对应相乘；H ji(k)表示AP中第j个发射天线至Station中第i个接收天线的等效信道矩阵；s i(k)表示AP发射机中第i个发射天线在第k个子载波上的发送符号，通常是能量为1；n i(k)表示对应第i个接收天线的Station接收机上的噪声。
第i个接收天线上接收到的训练帧的信号功率P i可表示为：
Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-000005
Station根据信号功率与噪声系数的对应关系，可以查出训练帧的信号功率Pi对应的对应的噪声系数NFi，并通过CSI反馈给AP。
AP收到CSI后进行预编码，假定预编码矩阵为Q(2x2维度的矩阵)。那么在预编码后，所述数据帧经过Station的2个接收天线后送入射频电路，然后再经过模数转换等处理，即经过Station接收机处理后的、在第k个子载波上的信号为：
Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-000006
r i’(k)表示由第i个接收天线接收到的训练帧，经过Station接收机处理后、在第k个子载波上的信号，i＝1,2；G i’表示对应第i个接收天线的Station接收机的处理增益，是功率增益；.*表示矩阵向量对应相乘；H ji(k)为AP中第j个发射天线至Station中第i个接收天线的等效信道矩阵；Q表示预编码矩阵；s i(k)表示AP发射机中第i个发射天线在第k个子载波上的发送符号，通常是能量为1；n i’(k)表示对应第i个接收天线的Station接收机上的噪声。
第i个接收天线接收数据帧的信号功率P i’可表示为：
Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-000007
||·|| 2表示范数，H ji(k)表示AP中第j个发射天线至Station中第i个接收天线的等效信道矩阵；Q表示预编码矩阵；n i表示对应第i个接收天线 的Station接收机上的的噪声。
省略子载波号k，由于，
Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-000008
||·|| 2表示范数，H表示等效信道矩阵H ji(k)，Q表示预编码矩阵，U表示酉矩阵U(k)，V表示酉阵V(k)，S表示奇异值矩阵S(k)。
结合公式6和7可知，
Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-000009
从上述对ZF算法的推导过程可以看出，根据预编码矩阵Q可以获得数据帧的信号功率Pi’。值得说明的是，申请人相信，本领域技术人员基于上述对ZF算法的推导方式，获知其他算法下如何通过预编码矩阵Q可以获得数据帧的信号功率Pi’。此处不再一一进行举例，而该举例并未限制本申请所请求的权利要求范围。
当AP获得对应数据帧的信号功率Pi’和CSI中的训练帧的信号功率Pi之后，可以比较两者是否一致，例如：假设
H′→SVD→USV -1
Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-000011
那么，AP可以做以下计算：
Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-000012
||[Z 1i(k)Z 2i(k)]|| 2＝1
Zij为一种代号，为了方便第二行的式子的表达。
公式7中的
Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-000013
每行的平方和均为1，因此，各个接收天线上的信号功率无变化，此时可以按原预编码方案发送数据帧即可。
但是，若假设
Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-000014
Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-000015
那么，
Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-000016
Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-000017
||[H 1i(k)H 2i(k)]Q|| 2＝1
则各个接收天线上的信号功率发生变化，变得不一致，此时需要先更新预编码方案，再发送数据帧即可。
AP收到CSI之后，第一系数获取单元根据CSI中的训练帧的信号功率Pi，查询第一对应关系，获得与训练帧对应的第一噪声系数NF i。通过预编码矩阵Q获得数据帧的信号功率Pi’后，第一系数获取单元可以根据第一对应关系获得与数据帧对应的第二噪声系数NF 0。
更新子单元可以先根据训练帧对应的等效信道矩阵的重构矩阵
Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-000018
数据帧对应的噪声系数NF 0、训练帧对应的声系数NFi，通过公式9更新波束赋形数据帧在每个子载波上的等效信道矩阵的重构矩阵
Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-000019
Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-000020
然后，更新子单元再根据数据帧对应的等效信道矩阵的重构矩阵
Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-000021
获得更新后的预编码矩阵Q’，其中，
Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-000022
具体的，所述更新子单元包括：
第一矩阵获取单元，适于根据所述酉阵V(k)和奇异值矩阵S(k)获得所述训练帧对应的等效信道矩阵H i的重构矩阵
Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-000023
第二矩阵获取单元，适于根据所述训练帧对应的等效信道矩H i’的重构矩阵
Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-000024
第一噪声系数NF i、第二噪声系数NF 0获得数据帧对应的等效信道矩阵的重构矩阵
Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-000025
矩阵更新单元，根据所述数据帧对应的等效信道矩阵H i’的重构矩阵更新所述预编码矩阵Q。
本发明实施例还提供一种波束赋形方法，其特征在于，包括：
接收信道状态信息，所述信道状态信息包括：第一对应关系、多个训练帧的信号功率以及酉阵和奇异值矩阵，所述酉阵和奇异值矩阵 与所述训练帧对应的等效信道矩阵相关，所述第一对应关系包括：信号功率与噪声系数的对应关系，所述噪声系数与站点中接收处理电路的增益值相关；
在满足第一条件时更新所述信道状态信息，所述第一条件包括：所述多个训练帧的信号功率的信号功率不一致。
所述波束赋形方法还可以包括：
根据所述酉阵和奇异值矩阵获得预编码矩阵；
在满足第一条件时，根据更新后的信道状态信息更新预编码矩阵以获得更新后的预编码矩阵。
所述根据更新后的信道状态信息更新预编码矩阵包括：
根据所述预编码矩阵获得数据帧的信号功率；
根据所述训练帧的信号功率和第一对应关系，获得与所述训练帧对应的第一噪声系数；
根据所述数据帧的信号功率和第一对应关系，获得与所述数据帧对应的第二噪声系数；
根据所述第一噪声系数和第二噪声系数更新所述预编码矩阵以获得更新后的预编码矩阵。
所述根据所述第一噪声系数和第二噪声系数更新所述预编码矩阵包括：
根据所述酉阵和奇异值矩阵获得所述训练帧对应的等效信道矩阵的重构矩阵；
根据所述训练帧对应的等效信道矩阵的重构矩阵、第一噪声系数、第二噪声系数获得所述数据帧对应的等效信道矩阵的重构矩阵；
根据所述数据帧对应的等效信道矩阵的重构矩阵更新所述预编码矩阵。
根据如下公式获得所述数据帧对应的等效信道矩阵的重构矩阵：
Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-000026
其中，i表示站点中第i个接收天线，
Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-000027
表示数据帧对应的等效信道矩阵的重构矩阵，
Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-000028
表示训练帧对应的等效信道矩阵的重构矩阵，噪声系数NFi表示第一噪声系数，NF 0表示第二噪声系数。
在本发明的实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行，以实现上述实施例中任一种所述方法的步骤。
在具体实施中，所述计算机可读存储介质可以包括：ROM、RAM、磁盘或光盘等。
虽然本发明披露如上，但本发明并非限定于此。任何本领域技术人员，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，均可作各种更动与修改，因此本发明的保护范围应当以权利要求所限定的范围为准。

Claims (27)

  1. 一种站点，其特征在于，包括：
    接收处理电路，适于处理多个接收天线上的训练帧以获得多个训练帧的信号功率；
    组合单元，适于产生信道状态信息，所述信道状态信息包括：第一对应关系、所述多个训练帧的信号功率以及酉阵和奇异值矩阵，所述酉阵和奇异值矩阵与所述训练帧对应的等效信道矩阵相关，所述第一对应关系包括：信号功率与噪声系数的对应关系，所述噪声系数与所述接收处理电路的增益值相关。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的站点，其特征在于，所述接收处理电路包括：
    射频电路，适于获得所述训练帧对应的基带信号；
    处理单元，适于根据所述基带信号和所述射频电路的增益值获得所述训练帧的信号功率，所述射频电路的增益值与所述接收处理电路的增益值相关。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的站点，其特征在于，所述射频电路，适于对所述训练帧进行信号放大和混频处理以产生所述基带信号。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的站点，其特征在于，所述射频电路，适于按照所述射频电路的增益值对所述训练帧进行信号放大处理。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的站点，其特征在于，所述射频电路包括：低噪声放大器、混频器和可变增益放大器,所述射频电路的增益值与所述低噪声放大器和可变增益放大器的增益值相关；
    所述低噪声放大器的输入端适于输入所述训练帧，所述低噪声放大器的输出端连接所述混频器的输入端；
    所述混频器，适于对其输入端接收到的信号进行混频处理，并通过其输出端输出所述混频处理后的信号；
    所述可变增益放大器的输入端连接所述混频器的输出端，所述可变增益放大器的输出端适于输出所述基带信号。
  6. 如权利要求2所述的站点，其特征在于，所述处理单元，还适于调节所述射频电路的增益值。
  7. 如权利要求2所述的站点，其特征在于，所述处理单元包括：模数转换单元、增益控制单元、功率计算单元；
    所述模数转换单元，适于对所述基带信号进行模数转换，以产生对应的数字信号；
    所述增益控制单元，适于调节所述射频电路的增益值，并将所述增益值发送至功率计算单元；
    所述功率计算单元，适于计算所述数字信号的功率，并根据所述数字信号的功率和所述射频电路的增益值获得所述训练帧的信号功率。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的站点，其特征在于，还包括：信道估计与分解单元；
    所述信道估计与分解单元，适于对所述训练帧在每个子载波上的等效信道矩阵进行分解，以获得所述酉阵和奇异值矩阵。
  9. 一种信道状态信息反馈方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接收处理电路处理多个接收天线上的训练帧以获得多个训练帧的信号功率；
    产生信道状态信息，所述信道状态信息包括：第一对应关系、所述多个训练帧的信号功率以及酉阵和奇异值矩阵，所述酉阵和奇异值矩阵与所述训练帧对应的等效信道矩阵相关，所述第一对应关系包括：信号功率与噪声系数对应关系，所述噪声系数与所述接收处理电路的增益值相关。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的信道状态信息反馈方法，其特征在于，所 述接收处理电路包括射频电路，所述接收处理电路处理多个接收天线上的训练帧以获得多个训练帧的信号功率包括：
    所述射频电路获得所述训练帧对应的基带信号；
    根据所述基带信号和所述射频电路的增益值获得所述训练帧的信号功率，所述射频电路的增益值与所述接收处理电路的增益值相关。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的信道状态信息反馈方法，其特征在于，所述射频电路对所述训练帧进行信号放大和混频处理以产生所述基带信号。
  12. 如权利要求10所述的信道状态信息反馈方法，其特征在于，所述射频电路按照所述增益值对所述训练帧进行信号放大处理。
  13. 如权利要求10所述的信道状态信息反馈方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    调节所述射频电路的增益值。
  14. 如权利要求10所述的信道状态信息反馈方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述基带信号和所述射频电路的增益值获得所述训练帧的信号功率包括：
    对所述基带信号进行模数转换，以产生对应的数字信号；
    调节所述射频电路的增益值；
    计算所述数字信号的功率，并根据所述数字信号的功率和所述射频电路的增益值获得所述训练帧的信号功率。
  15. 如权利要求9所述的信道状态信息反馈方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    对所述训练帧在每个子载波上的等效信道矩阵进行分解，以获得所述酉阵和奇异值矩阵。
  16. 一种无线接入点，其特征在于，包括：
    接收单元，适于接收信道状态信息，所述信道状态信息包括：第一对应关系、多个训练帧的信号功率以及酉阵和奇异值矩阵，所述酉阵和奇异值矩阵与所述训练帧对应的等效信道矩阵相关，所述第一对应关系包括：信号功率与噪声系数的对应关系，所述噪声系数与站点中接收处理电路的增益值相关；
    更新单元，适于在满足第一条件时更新所述信道状态信息，所述第一条件包括：所述多个训练帧的信号功率不一致。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的无线接入点，其特征在于，还包括：
    预测单元，适于根据所述酉阵和奇异值矩阵获得预编码矩阵；
    预编码单元，适于在满足第一条件时，根据更新后的信道状态信息更新所述预编码矩阵以获得更新后的预编码矩阵。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的无线接入点，其特征在于，所述预编码单元包括：
    功率获取单元，适于根据所述预编码矩阵获得数据帧的信号功率；
    第一系数获取单元，适于在满足第一条件时，根据所述训练帧的信号功率和第一对应关系，获得与所述训练帧对应的第一噪声系数；
    第二系数获取单元，适于在满足第一条件时，根据所述数据帧的信号功率和第一对应关系，获得与所述数据帧对应的第二噪声系数；
    更新子单元，适于在满足第一条件时，根据所述第一噪声系数和第二噪声系数更新所述预编码矩阵以获得更新后的预编码矩阵。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的无线接入点，其特征在于，所述更新子单元包括：
    第一矩阵获取单元，适于根据所述酉阵和奇异值矩阵获得所述训 练帧对应的等效信道矩阵的重构矩阵；
    第二矩阵获取单元，适于根据所述训练帧对应的等效信道矩阵的重构矩阵、第一噪声系数、第二噪声系数获得所述数据帧对应的等效信道矩阵的重构矩阵；
    矩阵更新单元，根据所述数据帧对应的等效信道矩阵的重构矩阵更新所述预编码矩阵。
  20. 如权利要求19所述的无线接入点，其特征在于，所述第二矩阵获取单元根据如下公式获得所述数据帧对应的等效信道矩阵的重构矩阵：
    Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-100001
    其中，i表示站点中第i个接收天线，
    Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-100002
    表示数据帧对应的等效信道矩阵的重构矩阵，
    Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-100003
    表示训练帧对应的等效信道矩阵的重构矩阵，噪声系数NFi表示第一噪声系数，NF 0表示第二噪声系数。
  21. 一种波束赋形方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接收信道状态信息，所述信道状态信息包括：第一对应关系、多个训练帧的信号功率以及酉阵和奇异值矩阵，所述酉阵和奇异值矩阵与所述训练帧对应的等效信道矩阵相关，所述第一对应关系包括：信号功率与噪声系数的对应关系，所述噪声系数与站点中接收处理电路的增益值相关；
    在满足第一条件时更新所述信道状态信息，所述第一条件包括：所述多个训练帧的信号功率的信号功率不一致。
  22. 如权利要求21所述的波束赋形方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    根据所述酉阵和奇异值矩阵获得预编码矩阵；
    在满足第一条件时，根据更新后的信道状态信息更新预编码矩阵以获得更新后的预编码矩阵。
  23. 如权利要求22所述的波束赋形方法，其特征在于，所述根据更新后的信道状态信息更新预编码矩阵包括：
    根据所述预编码矩阵获得数据帧的信号功率；
    根据所述训练帧的信号功率和第一对应关系，获得与所述训练帧对应的第一噪声系数；
    根据所述数据帧的信号功率和第一对应关系，获得与所述数据帧对应的第二噪声系数；
    根据所述第一噪声系数和第二噪声系数更新所述预编码矩阵以获得更新后的预编码矩阵。
  24. 如权利要求23所述的波束赋形方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述第一噪声系数和第二噪声系数更新所述预编码矩阵包括：
    根据所述酉阵和奇异值矩阵获得所述训练帧对应的等效信道矩阵的重构矩阵；
    根据所述训练帧对应的等效信道矩阵的重构矩阵、第一噪声系数、第二噪声系数获得所述数据帧对应的等效信道矩阵的重构矩阵；
    根据所述数据帧对应的等效信道矩阵的重构矩阵更新所述预编码矩阵。
  25. 如权利要求24所述的波束赋形方法，其特征在于，根据如下公式获得所述数据帧对应的等效信道矩阵的重构矩阵：
    Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-100004
    其中，i表示站点中第i个接收天线，
    Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-100005
    表示数据帧对应的等效信道矩阵的重构矩阵，
    Figure PCTCN2021114441-appb-100006
    表示训练帧对应的等效信道矩阵的重构矩阵，噪声系数NFi表示第一噪声系数，NF 0表示第二噪声系数。
  26. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括：所述计算机程序被处理器执行，以实现权利要求9至15任一项所述方法的步 骤。
  27. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括：所述计算机程序被处理器执行，以实现权利要求21至25任一项所述方法的步骤。
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