WO2022062493A1 - 一种建筑垃圾免烧再生砖及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种建筑垃圾免烧再生砖及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2022062493A1
WO2022062493A1 PCT/CN2021/100635 CN2021100635W WO2022062493A1 WO 2022062493 A1 WO2022062493 A1 WO 2022062493A1 CN 2021100635 W CN2021100635 W CN 2021100635W WO 2022062493 A1 WO2022062493 A1 WO 2022062493A1
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raw materials
total mass
recycled
aggregate
burning
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PCT/CN2021/100635
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English (en)
French (fr)
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高嵩
李绍纯
侯东帅
宫尧尧
班顺莉
金祖权
张纪刚
李秋义
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青岛理工大学
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
    • B28B11/245—Curing concrete articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/003—Methods for mixing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical fields of civil engineering, solid waste recycling and utilization and building materials, in particular to a non-burning recycled brick of construction waste and a preparation method thereof.
  • the main components of the pumping concrete waste are SiO 2 , CaO, Al 2 O 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , and also contain traces of non-ferrous metals.
  • the waste residue contains a large amount of cement active components such as C 3 S and C 2 S, and still has a certain activity.
  • the common construction waste recycled blocks mainly include construction waste recycled autoclaved bricks, construction waste recycled sintered bricks, construction waste cement non-burning bricks, and construction waste non-burning and steam-free bricks.
  • the commonly used curing mechanism is mainly the use of steam curing.
  • the size deviation, moisture content and water absorption of recycled bricks meet the requirements of the "Concrete Blocks and Bricks Test Method GBT4111-2013" standard, but the frost resistance, drying shrinkage, etc. There is still a certain gap in the requirements.
  • the main problem is that the strength of recycled bricks using the same batch of recycled aggregates varies greatly.
  • the present invention provides a non-burning recycled brick of construction waste and a preparation method thereof, which achieves the purpose of recycling waste, can effectively reduce environmental pollution, reduce manufacturing costs, and the raw materials are readily available;
  • the method is simple and reasonable, reduces air pollution, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
  • a construction waste non-burning recycled brick the raw material of the construction waste non-burning recycled brick includes a cementitious material and an aggregate, the aggregate is a recycled aggregate processed from construction waste, and the cementitious material is a pump Concrete waste slag is sent, and cement is added to the raw material of the construction waste non-burning recycled brick as an activator.
  • the pumping concrete waste slag is 20% to 25% of the total mass of the raw materials
  • the recycled aggregate is 70% to 75% of the total mass of the raw materials
  • the amount of the cement added is 4% to 5% of the total mass of raw materials.
  • the pumping concrete waste residue is 22.43% of the total mass of the raw materials
  • the recycled aggregate is 72.81% of the total mass of the raw materials
  • the mixing amount of the cement is 4.76% of the total mass of the raw materials .
  • the pumping concrete waste is 23.5% of the total mass of the raw materials
  • the recycled aggregate is 72.5% of the total mass of the raw materials
  • the mixing amount of the cement is 4% of the total mass of the raw materials.
  • the pumping concrete waste is 22.5% of the total mass of the raw materials
  • the recycled aggregate is 72.75% of the total mass of the raw materials
  • the mixing amount of the cement is 4.75% of the total mass of the raw materials.
  • the pumping concrete waste residue is the waste residue produced in the production process of the commercial concrete mixing station, and the waste residue includes the tank truck brushing slurry and the sand washing waste slurry.
  • the present invention also provides a preparation method of the above-mentioned pumped concrete waste slag-free regenerated brick, the preparation method comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1 Weigh the cementitious material and aggregate according to the raw material mix ratio, and set aside;
  • Step 2 mixing the cementitious material and the aggregate in proportion, adding water and stirring to obtain a uniformly mixed mixture
  • Step 3 Load the mixture into the mold, find the center position on the molding machine and adjust the balance, press and mold with appropriate pressure and loading speed, and remove the mold immediately after molding;
  • Step 4 After a certain period of time, carbonization curing or steam curing is performed on the regenerated bricks after demolding to obtain non-burning regenerated bricks.
  • the quality of water accounts for 10% to 15% of the total mass of the raw materials, and the amount of the water is not included in the total mass of the raw materials;
  • the maximum pressure is 45-55 kN, and the loading speed is 0.4-0.6 kN/s.
  • the quality of water accounts for 11.5%, 12% or 13.4% of the total mass of the raw materials
  • the maximum pressure is 50kN
  • the loading speed is 0.45kN/s, 0.5kN/s or 0.556kN/s.
  • the process conditions for carbonization curing are: the volume concentration of carbon dioxide is 17% to 23%, the ambient temperature is 17 to 23 degrees Celsius, and the ambient humidity is 67% to 73%, The carbonization curing time is 3 to 7 days.
  • the compressive strength of the non-burning recycled brick at least reaches the standard MU15 strength level of brick blocks.
  • the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
  • the regenerated brick of the present invention is to pump concrete residue as a cementitious material, a small amount of cement is added as an activator, and the aggregate is a regenerated aggregate processed from construction waste.
  • the reclaimed bricks made of these bricks meet the national standards for bricks and can be used to fill walls instead of clay bricks to form load-bearing walls and non-load-bearing structural components.
  • the regenerated brick provided by the invention has low manufacturing cost and easily available raw materials, can reduce the degree of pollution to the surrounding environment, reduce waste of resources, and has huge economic value, environmental protection value and social benefit.
  • the preparation method of the recycled brick of the present invention is simple and reasonable, and the carbon dioxide curing can reduce the carbon emission during the curing, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
  • the invention provides a non-burning recycled brick of construction waste.
  • the raw materials of the non-burning recycled brick of construction waste include cementitious material and aggregate, and the aggregate is recycled aggregate obtained by processing construction waste.
  • the coagulating material is the pumping concrete waste residue, and the raw material of the non-burning recycled brick of the construction waste is mixed with cement as an activator.
  • the pumped concrete waste residue is 20% to 25% of the total mass of the raw materials
  • the recycled aggregate is 70% to 75% of the total mass of the raw materials
  • the mixing amount of the cement is 4% of the total mass of the raw materials ⁇ 5%.
  • the pumped concrete waste residue is the waste residue produced by the commercial concrete mixing station in the production process, and the waste residue includes the tank truck brushing slurry and a small amount of sand washing waste slurry.
  • the present invention also provides the preparation method of the pumped concrete waste slag-free regenerated brick according to the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1 Weigh the cementitious material and aggregate according to the raw material mix ratio, and set aside;
  • Step 2 mixing the cementitious material and the aggregate in proportion, adding water and stirring to obtain a uniformly mixed mixture
  • Step 3 Load the mixture into the mold, find the center position on the molding machine and adjust the balance, press and mold with appropriate pressure and loading speed, and remove the mold immediately after molding;
  • Step 4 After the regenerated bricks obtained after demolding are subjected to carbonization curing or steam curing for a certain period of time, non-burning regenerated bricks are obtained.
  • the quality of water accounts for 10% to 15% of the total mass of the raw materials (the amount of water is not included in the total mass of the raw materials), and in the step 3, the maximum pressure is 45% ⁇ 55kN, the loading speed is 0.4 ⁇ 0.6KN/s.
  • the carbonization curing process conditions are: the concentration of carbon dioxide is 17%-23%, the ambient temperature is 17-23 degrees Celsius, the ambient humidity is 67%-73%, and the carbonization curing time is 3-7% sky.
  • the molding method used in the test is compression molding.
  • the test method refers to (GB/T4111-2013) "Concrete Block and Brick Test Method” for mechanical properties, drying shrinkage, softening coefficient and frost resistance. All properties meet the requirements of various indicators stipulated in “Non-sintered Garbage Tailings Bricks” (JC/T422-2007).
  • the compressive strength of unburned recycled bricks shall at least reach the standard MU15 strength grade for bricks.
  • the utility model relates to a non-burning regenerated brick of construction waste.
  • the raw materials include cementitious materials and regenerated aggregates processed from construction waste.
  • the raw materials are mixed with cement as an activator.
  • the cementitious material is the concrete residue filter mud slurry produced in the production process of the commercial concrete batching plant.
  • the amount of the concrete residue filter mud slurry is 22.43%, the amount of cement is 4.76%, and the amount of recycled aggregate is 72.81%.
  • the total water consumption in the raw materials accounts for the total amount of raw materials. 12% of the mass (the amount of water is not included in the total mass of the raw material).
  • the preparation method of the above-mentioned pumped concrete waste slag-free regenerated bricks comprises the following steps:
  • Step 1 Weigh the cementitious material and the regenerated aggregate according to the raw material mix ratio and set aside;
  • Step 2 mixing the cementitious material and the recycled aggregate in proportion, adding water and stirring to obtain a uniformly mixed mixture
  • Step 3 Load the well-stirred mixture into the mold, find the center position on the molding machine and adjust the balance, the pressurization rate of the recycled brick molding is 0.5kN/s, the maximum molding pressure is 50kN, and the mold is removed immediately after molding;
  • Step 4 carbonizing and curing the regenerated bricks obtained after demoulding for 3 to 7 days to obtain non-burning regenerated bricks.
  • the regenerated bricks meet the appearance requirements, the water absorption rate is 1.58%, the average density is 2075.8kg/m 3 , and the strength is 19.30MPa , to meet the strength level requirements of MU15 and above.
  • the utility model relates to a non-burning regenerated brick of construction waste.
  • the raw materials include cementitious materials and regenerated aggregates processed from construction waste.
  • the raw materials are mixed with cement as an activator.
  • the cementitious material is the concrete residue filter mud slurry produced in the production process of the commercial concrete batching plant.
  • the amount of the concrete residue filter mud slurry is 23.5%
  • the amount of cement is 4%
  • the amount of recycled aggregate is 72.5%.
  • the total water consumption in the raw materials accounts for the total amount of raw materials. 13.4% of the mass (the amount of water is not included in the total mass of the raw material).
  • the preparation method of the above-mentioned pumped concrete waste slag-free regenerated bricks comprises the following steps:
  • Step 1 Weigh the cementitious material and the regenerated aggregate according to the raw material mix ratio and set aside;
  • Step 2 mixing the cementitious material and the recycled aggregate in proportion, adding water and stirring to obtain a uniformly mixed mixture
  • Step 3 Load the well-stirred mixture into the mold, find the center position on the molding machine and adjust the balance, the pressurization rate of the recycled brick molding is 0.55kN/s, the maximum molding pressure is 50kN, and the mold is removed immediately after molding;
  • Step 4 carbonizing and curing the regenerated bricks obtained after demoulding for 3 to 7 days to obtain non-burning regenerated bricks.
  • the regenerated bricks meet the appearance requirements, the water absorption rate is 1.75%, the average density is 2032.8kg/m 3 , and the strength is 18.99MPa , to meet the strength level requirements of MU15 and above.
  • the utility model relates to a non-burning regenerated brick of construction waste.
  • the raw materials include cementitious materials and regenerated aggregates processed from construction waste.
  • the raw materials are mixed with cement as an activator.
  • the cementitious material is the concrete residue filter mud slurry produced in the production process of the commercial concrete mixing station.
  • the amount of the concrete residue filter mud slurry is 22.5%
  • the amount of cement is 4.75%
  • the amount of recycled aggregate is 72.75%.
  • the total water consumption in the raw materials accounts for the total amount of raw materials. 11.5% of the mass (the amount of water is not included in the total mass of the raw material).
  • the preparation method of the above-mentioned pumped concrete waste slag-free regenerated bricks comprises the following steps:
  • Step 1 Weigh the cementitious material and the regenerated aggregate according to the raw material mix ratio and set aside;
  • Step 2 mixing the cementitious material and the recycled aggregate in proportion, adding water and stirring to obtain a uniformly mixed mixture
  • Step 3 Load the evenly stirred mixture into the mold, find the center position on the molding machine and adjust the balance, the pressurization rate of the recycled brick molding is 0.45kN/s, the maximum molding pressure is 50kN, and the mold is removed immediately after molding;
  • Step 4 carbonizing and curing the regenerated bricks obtained after demoulding for 3 to 7 days to obtain non-burning regenerated bricks.
  • the regenerated bricks meet the appearance requirements, the water absorption rate is 1.46%, the average density is 2082.4kg/m 3 , and the strength is 19.50MPa , to meet the strength level requirements of MU15 and above.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种建筑垃圾免烧再生砖及其制备方法，原料包括胶凝材料和骨料，骨料为建筑垃圾处理而成的再生骨料，其特点是：胶凝材料为泵送混凝土废渣，建筑垃圾免烧再生砖的原料中掺加水泥作为激发剂。制备方法包括：(1)按原料配合比称取胶凝材料和骨料，备用；(2)将胶凝材料和骨料按比例混合得到混合料；(3)将搅拌均匀的混合料装入模具，在成型机上采用适当压力与加荷速度压制成型，成型后立即拆模；(4)将拆模后的再生砖进行碳化养护或蒸汽养护一定时间后，得到免烧再生砖。达到废物资源化利用的目的，能够有效地减少环境污染，降低制造成本，且原料易得；制备方法简单、合理，减少空气污染，适用于大规模工业化生产。

Description

一种建筑垃圾免烧再生砖及其制备方法
本申请要求于2020年09月22日提交中国专利局、申请号为CN202011001814.9、发明名称为“一种建筑垃圾免烧再生砖及其制备方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明属于土木工程、固体废弃物资源化再生利用及建筑材料技术领域，具体说是一种建筑垃圾免烧再生砖及其制备方法。
背景技术
近年来，中国建筑业的发展速度不断加快，商品混凝土是现代城市建设最主要的建筑材料之一，在商品混凝土生产过程中产生大量的废浆。废浆中含有如外加剂、未水化水泥和沙子等物质，通常直接排放到周围地区，对环境造成严重污染。我国大部分商品混凝土搅拌站每生产1立方米的混凝土会产生超过20kg残留废渣，2018年全国累积生产混凝土超过16亿立方米，附加产生了约3千万吨废渣。传统的处理方式是运输至山谷或开挖农田筑坝湿法堆埋，不仅占用了大量的土地资源，还会有重度污染问题。
泵送混凝土废渣的主要成分是SiO 2、CaO、Al 2O 3、Fe 2O 3，还含微量有色金属等。通过分析其XRD图谱可知，废渣中含有大量C 3S、C 2S等水泥活性成分，仍具有一定的活性，目前商品混凝土拌合站的处理方式大多为垃圾车外运填埋或丢弃。
目前常见的建筑垃圾再生砌块主要有建筑垃圾再生蒸压砖、建筑垃圾再生烧结砖、建筑垃圾水泥免烧砖、建筑垃圾免烧免蒸砖。常用的养护机制主要是采用蒸汽养护。但建筑垃圾再生砖生产过程中存在许多问题，再生砖的尺寸偏差、含水率与吸水率符合《混凝土砌块和砖试验方法GBT4111-2013》标准要求，但是抗冻性能、干燥收缩率等与标准要求还有一定的差距，最主要的问题还是使用同批次再生骨料的再生砖强度变化大。
现阶段我国建筑垃圾再生砖主要的短板集中在以下几个方面：
(1)生产再生骨料的建筑垃圾原料千差万别，无法有效的统一产出的建筑垃圾再生骨料的性能。这直接导致再生砖的强度等级变化浮动大， 无法通过配合比进行有效控制；
(2)建筑垃圾再生砖的生产者没有足够的专业素养，很难在生产过程中对配合比和生产工艺进行优化和改进；
(3)有关部门对于建筑垃圾再生产品的推广力度不够，人们一听到是建筑垃圾再生砖就会质疑其性能，建筑企业更倾向于使用其他类型的传统天然骨料的免烧砖作为工程中的砖砌块。
泵送混凝土废渣的资源化利用技术一直是国内外研究的热点和难点，虽然成果多，但实际推广应用的少，废渣资源化利用的水平较低。
如何利用商品混凝土搅拌站在生产过程中产生的废渣(即泵送混凝土废渣，包括运输罐车刷罐浆料和洗砂废浆)代替现在常用的水泥作为胶凝材料，用建筑业建筑垃圾处理而成的再生骨料代替天然砂作为骨料，并采用简单、合理的养护方式制成再生砖。这是目前亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的问题，本发明提供了一种建筑垃圾免烧再生砖及其制备方法，达到废物资源化利用的目的，能够有效地减少环境污染，降低制造成本，且原料易得；制备方法简单、合理，减少空气污染，适用于大规模工业化生产。
为解决以上问题，本发明的目的通过以下技术方案实现：
一种建筑垃圾免烧再生砖，所述建筑垃圾免烧再生砖的原料包括胶凝材料和骨料，所述的骨料为建筑垃圾处理而成的再生骨料，所述胶凝材料为泵送混凝土废渣，所述建筑垃圾免烧再生砖的原料中掺加水泥作为激发剂。
对上述技术方案的一种改进：所述泵送混凝土废渣为原料总质量的20％～25％，所述再生骨料为原料总质量的70％～75％，所述水泥的掺加量为原料总质量的4％～5％。
对上述技术方案的一种改进：所述泵送混凝土废渣为原料总质量的22.43％，所述再生骨料为原料总质量的72.81％，所述水泥的掺加量为原料总质量的4.76％。
对上述技术方案的改进：所述泵送混凝土废渣为原料总质量的23.5％，所述再生骨料为原料总质量的72.5％，所述水泥的掺加量为原料 总质量的4％。
对上述技术方案的改进：所述泵送混凝土废渣为原料总质量的22.5％，所述再生骨料为原料总质量的72.75％，所述水泥的掺加量为原料总质量的4.75％。
对上述技术方案的进一步改进：所述泵送混凝土废渣为商品混凝土搅拌站在生产过程中产生的废渣，所述的废渣包括运输罐车刷罐浆料和洗砂废浆。
本发明还提供一种上述泵送混凝土废渣免烧再生砖的制备方法，制备方法包括以下步骤：
步骤1：按原料配合比称取胶凝材料和骨料，备用；
步骤2：将所述胶凝材料和所述骨料按比例混合、加水搅拌，得到混合均匀的混合料；
步骤3：将所述混合料装入模具，在成型机上找到中心位置并调整平衡，采用适当压力与加荷速度压制成型，成型后立即拆模；
步骤4：将所述拆模后的再生砖坯进行碳化养护或蒸汽养护一定时间后，得到免烧再生砖。
对上述技术方案的改进：所述步骤2中，水的质量占原料总质量的10％～15％，所述水的量不计入所述原料总质量；
所述步骤3中，压力的最大值为45～55kN，加荷速度为0.4～0.6kN/s。
对上述技术方案的改进：所述步骤2中，水的质量占原料总质量的11.5％、12％或13.4％；
所述步骤3中，压力的最大值为50kN，加荷速度为0.45kN/s、0.5kN/s或0.556kN/s。
对上述技术方案的进一步改进：所述步骤4中，碳化养护的工艺条件为：二氧化碳的体积浓度为17％～23％，环境温度为17～23摄氏度，环境湿度为67％-～73％，碳化养护时间为3～7天。
对上述技术方案的进一步改进：所述免烧再生砖抗压强度至少达到砖砌块标准MU15强度等级。
本发明与现有技术相比，具有如下优点和积极效果：
1、本发明再生砖是泵送混凝土残渣作为胶凝材料，少量掺加水泥作 为激发剂，骨料是用建筑垃圾处理而成的再生骨料，加水搅拌、压制后采用碳化养护或蒸汽养护制成的再生砖，符合国家关于砖的标准，可以代替黏土砖用于填充墙体，构成承重墙和非承重结构部件。本发明提供的再生砖的制造成本低，且原料易得，并可以减少对周边环境的污染程度，减少资源浪费，具有巨大的经济价值、环保价值及社会效益。
2、本发明再生砖的制备方法简单、合理，利用二氧化碳养护可以减少养护期间的碳排放，适用于大规模工业化生产。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进一步说明。
本发明提供了一种建筑垃圾免烧再生砖，所述建筑垃圾免烧再生砖的原料包括胶凝材料和骨料，所述的骨料为建筑垃圾处理而成的再生骨料，所述胶凝材料为泵送混凝土废渣，所述建筑垃圾免烧再生砖的原料中掺加水泥作为激发剂。
优选地，所述泵送混凝土废渣为原料总质量的20％～25％，所述再生骨料为原料总质量的70％～75％，所述水泥的掺加量为原料总质量的4％～5％。
进一步地，所述泵送混凝土废渣为商品混凝土搅拌站在生产过程中产生的废渣，所述的废渣包括运输罐车刷罐浆料和少量洗砂废浆。
本发明还提供了上述技术方案所述泵送混凝土废渣免烧再生砖的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1：按原料配合比称取胶凝材料和骨料，备用；
步骤2：将所述胶凝材料和所述骨料按比例混合、加水搅拌，得到混合均匀的混合料；
步骤3：将所述混合料装入模具，在成型机上找到中心位置并调整平衡，采用适当压力与加荷速度压制成型，成型后立即拆模；
步骤4：将所述拆模后得到的再生砖坯进行碳化养护或蒸汽养护一定时间后，得到免烧再生砖。
进一步地，所述步骤2中，水的质量占原料总质量的10％～15％(所述水的量不计入所述原料总质量)，所述步骤3中，压力的最大值为45～55kN，加荷速度为0.4～0.6KN/s。
优选地，所述步骤4中，碳化养护的工艺条件为：二氧化碳的浓度为17％～23％，环境温度为17～23摄氏度，环境湿度为67％～73％，碳化养护时间为3～7天。
以下为本发明泵送混凝土废渣免烧再生砖的具体实施例：
试验采用的成型方式为压制成型。试验检测方法参考(GB/T4111-2013)《混凝土砌块和砖试验方法》进行力学性能、干燥收缩、软化系数和抗冻性能检测。各项性能满足《非烧结垃圾尾矿砖》(JC/T422-2007)规定的各项指标要求。免烧再生砖抗压强度至少达到砖砌块标准MU15强度等级。
实施例1：
一种建筑垃圾免烧再生砖，其原料包括胶凝材料和建筑垃圾处理而成的再生骨料，原料中掺加水泥作为激发剂。胶凝材料为商品混凝土搅拌站在生产过程中产生的混凝土残渣滤泥浆体，混凝土残渣滤泥浆体用量为22.43％，水泥用量4.76％，再生骨料用量72.81％，原料中总用水量占原料总质量的12％(所述水的量不计入所述原料总质量)。
上述泵送混凝土废渣免烧再生砖的制备方法包括以下步骤：
步骤1：按原料配合比称取胶凝材料和再生骨料，备用；
步骤2：将胶凝材料和再生骨料按比例混合、加水搅拌，得到混合均匀的混合料；
步骤3：将搅拌均匀的混合料装入模具，在成型机上找到中心位置并调整平衡，再生砖坯成型的加压速率为0.5kN/s，最大成型压力为50kN，成型后立即拆模；
步骤4：将拆模后得到的再生砖坯进行碳化养护3～7天后，得到免烧再生砖，再生砖符合外观要求，吸水率为1.58％，平均密度为2075.8kg/m 3，强度为19.30MPa，达到MU15及以上强度等级要求。
实施例2：
一种建筑垃圾免烧再生砖，其原料包括胶凝材料和建筑垃圾处理而成的再生骨料，原料中掺加水泥作为激发剂。胶凝材料为商品混凝土搅拌站在生产过程中产生的混凝土残渣滤泥浆体，混凝土残渣滤泥浆体用量为23.5％，水泥用量4％，再生骨料用量72.5％，原料中总用水量占原料总质 量的13.4％(所述水的量不计入所述原料总质量)。
上述泵送混凝土废渣免烧再生砖的制备方法包括以下步骤：
步骤1：按原料配合比称取胶凝材料和再生骨料，备用；
步骤2：将胶凝材料和再生骨料按比例混合、加水搅拌，得到混合均匀的混合料；
步骤3：将搅拌均匀的混合料装入模具，在成型机上找到中心位置并调整平衡，再生砖坯成型的加压速率为0.55kN/s，最大成型压力为50kN，成型后立即拆模；
步骤4：将拆模后得到的再生砖坯进行碳化养护3～7天后，得到免烧再生砖，再生砖符合外观要求，吸水率为1.75％，平均密度为2032.8kg/m 3，强度为18.99MPa，达到MU15及以上强度等级要求。
实施例3：
一种建筑垃圾免烧再生砖，其原料包括胶凝材料和建筑垃圾处理而成的再生骨料，原料中掺加水泥作为激发剂。胶凝材料为商品混凝土搅拌站在生产过程中产生的混凝土残渣滤泥浆体，混凝土残渣滤泥浆体用量为22.5％，水泥用量4.75％，再生骨料用量72.75％，原料中总用水量占原料总质量的11.5％(所述水的量不计入所述原料总质量)。
上述泵送混凝土废渣免烧再生砖的制备方法包括以下步骤：
步骤1：按原料配合比称取胶凝材料和再生骨料，备用；
步骤2：将胶凝材料和再生骨料按比例混合、加水搅拌，得到混合均匀的混合料；
步骤3：将搅拌均匀的混合料装入模具，在成型机上找到中心位置并调整平衡，再生砖坯成型的加压速率为0.45kN/s，最大成型压力为50kN，成型后立即拆模；
步骤4：将拆模后得到的再生砖坯进行碳化养护3～7天后，得到免烧再生砖，再生砖符合外观要求，吸水率为1.46％，平均密度为2082.4kg/m 3，强度为19.50MPa，达到MU15及以上强度等级要求。
以上实施例仅用于说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其进行限制；尽管参照前述实施例对被发明进行了详细的说明，但对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，依然可以对前述实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中 部分技术特征进行等同替换；而对这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明所要求保护的技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种建筑垃圾免烧再生砖，所述建筑垃圾免烧再生砖的原料包括胶凝材料和骨料，所述的骨料为建筑垃圾处理而成的再生骨料，其特征在于，所述胶凝材料为泵送混凝土废渣，所述建筑垃圾免烧再生砖的原料中掺加水泥作为激发剂。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的建筑垃圾免烧再生砖，其特征在于，所述泵送混凝土废渣为原料总质量的20％～25％，所述再生骨料为原料总质量的70％～75％，所述水泥的掺加量为原料总质量的4％～5％。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的建筑垃圾免烧再生砖，其特征在于，所述泵送混凝土废渣为原料总质量的22.43％，所述再生骨料为原料总质量的72.81％，所述水泥的掺加量为原料总质量的4.76％。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的建筑垃圾免烧再生砖，其特征在于，所述泵送混凝土废渣为原料总质量的23.5％，所述再生骨料为原料总质量的72.5％，所述水泥的掺加量为原料总质量的4％。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的建筑垃圾免烧再生砖，其特征在于，所述泵送混凝土废渣为原料总质量的22.5％，所述再生骨料为原料总质量的72.75％，所述水泥的掺加量为原料总质量的4.75％。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述的建筑垃圾免烧再生砖，其特征在于，所述泵送混凝土废渣为商品混凝土搅拌站在生产过程中产生的废渣，所述的废渣包括运输罐车刷罐浆料和洗砂废浆。
  7. 权利要求1～6任一项所述的建筑垃圾免烧再生砖的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    步骤1：按原料配合比称取胶凝材料和骨料，备用；
    步骤2：将所述胶凝材料和所述骨料按比例混合、加水搅拌，得到混合均匀的混合料；
    步骤3：将所述混合料装入模具，在成型机上找到中心位置并调整平衡，采用适当压力与加荷速度压制成型，成型后立即拆模；
    步骤4：将所述拆模后得到的再生砖坯进行碳化养护或蒸汽养护一定时间后，得到免烧再生砖。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的建筑垃圾免烧再生砖的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤2中，水的质量占原料总质量的10％～15％；所述水不计入所述原料总质量。
    所述步骤3中，压力的最大值为45～55kN，加荷速度为0.4～0.6kN/s。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的建筑垃圾免烧再生砖的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤2中，水的质量占原料总质量的11.5％、12％或13.4％；
    所述步骤3中，压力的最大值为50kN，加荷速度为0.45kN/s、0.5kN/s或0.556kN/s。
  10. 根据权利要求7或8所述的建筑垃圾免烧再生砖的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤4中，碳化养护的工艺条件为：二氧化碳的浓度为17％～23％，环境温度为17～23摄氏度，环境湿度为67％～73％，碳化养护时间为3～7天。
  11. 根据权利要求7或8所述的建筑垃圾免烧再生砖的制备方法，其特征在于，所述免烧再生砖抗压强度至少达到砖砌块标准MU15强度等级。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的泵送混凝土废渣免烧再生砖的制备方法，其特征在于，所述免烧再生砖抗压强度至少达到砖砌块标准MU15强度等级。
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