WO2022062439A1 - 一种固体剂型的电解质及其制备方法和用途 - Google Patents

一种固体剂型的电解质及其制备方法和用途 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022062439A1
WO2022062439A1 PCT/CN2021/095680 CN2021095680W WO2022062439A1 WO 2022062439 A1 WO2022062439 A1 WO 2022062439A1 CN 2021095680 W CN2021095680 W CN 2021095680W WO 2022062439 A1 WO2022062439 A1 WO 2022062439A1
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electrolyte
solid dosage
dosage form
weight
water
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PCT/CN2021/095680
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English (en)
French (fr)
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秦晓
孙子杰
商凌飞
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上海赛一水处理科技股份有限公司
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/24—Halogens or compounds thereof
    • C25B1/26—Chlorine; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
    • A61K33/20—Elemental chlorine; Inorganic compounds releasing chlorine
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/02—Local antiseptics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of disinfectants, in particular to an electrolyte in a solid dosage form and a preparation method and application thereof.
  • disinfectant can effectively extinguish germs and avoid cross-contamination, so it has gradually become one of the must-haves for home travel.
  • most of the disinfectants on the market are liquid products, such as hypochlorous acid disinfectant and sodium hypochlorite disinfectant.
  • the liquid consumes a lot and is not suitable for long-term storage. It needs to be purchased frequently, especially for business people or tourists. Because the liquid is not suitable for aircraft to carry, it has caused great trouble.
  • these liquid products are environmentally friendly and use, Storage safety issues.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a solid dosage form of electrolyte.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a use of the electrolyte in the solid dosage form as described above in preparing a disinfectant.
  • the present invention provides an electrolyte in a solid dosage form, comprising: a chloride salt with 20-90 wt % for providing chloride ions to water; a hydrogen releasing agent with 5-50 wt % %, for slow release of hydrogen ions into the water; auxiliary agent, with 0-40% by weight; wherein, the electrolyte of the solid dosage form forms at least one buffer system with pH 5-7 after being dissolved in the water.
  • the electrolyte of the solid dosage form is electrolyzed to form a hypochlorous acid solution of 1-400 mg/L after being dissolved in the water.
  • the content of water-insoluble matter in the chloride salt is less than 2% by weight, and/or the content of water-soluble impurities is less than or equal to 2% by weight.
  • the raw material particle size of the electrolyte of the solid dosage form is less than or equal to 60 mesh.
  • the buffer system is selected from the group consisting of phosphate buffer system, succinate system, carbonate-bicarbonate buffer system, citric acid-citrate buffer system.
  • the hydrogen releasing agent includes an acid and/or a salt thereof.
  • the adjuvant includes: binder, with 0-100 wt%; lubricant, with 0-100 wt%; filler, with 0-100 wt%; disintegrant, with 0-100 wt% 100% by weight.
  • the disintegrant generates a gas upon contact with the water in the presence of the hydrogen releasing agent to disintegrate the electrolyte of the solid dosage form.
  • the gas is selected from any one of carbon dioxide, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, or any combination thereof.
  • the solid dosage form is selected from any one of tablets, granules, pills, and capsules.
  • the baking temperature is 40-90° C., and/or the time is 0.5-48 h.
  • the particle size of the raw material after the grinding is less than or equal to 20 meshes.
  • the present invention also provides the use of the electrolyte in the solid dosage form as described above in preparing a disinfectant.
  • the present invention provides an electrolyte in a solid dosage form and a preparation method and use thereof.
  • the electrolyte of the solid dosage form utilizes chloride salt, hydrogen releasing agent and auxiliary agent to form a stable solid dosage form, dissolves rapidly after contacting with water, and forms an electrolyte solution comprising at least one buffer system of pH 5-7, so that the electrolysis generates a stable concentration of hypochlorous acid solution.
  • the electrolyte of the solid dosage form provided by the present invention can be applied to various disinfectant generating devices, such as those with or without a diaphragm, and the electrolyte of the solid dosage form can effectively prevent the scaling phenomenon of the electrolysis cathode.
  • the electrolyte of the solid dosage form provided by the present invention has good storage stability, safety and environmental protection, compactness, convenience, portability, and good solubility, and can be quickly dissolved in water within 2 minutes, so that hypochlorous acid disinfectant can be prepared as needed at any time. And can achieve the effect of disinfection and sterilization, remove odor, especially suitable for people traveling at home.
  • FIG. 2 is a specific embodiment of the disinfectant generating device provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a front view of the disinfectant generating device in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the disinfectant generating device in FIG. 2 .
  • preset concentration refers to the amount of a particular component in a composition refer to an amount of that component sufficient to provide the desired effect.
  • electrolyte in solid dosage form refers to a solid form electrolyte which, upon contact with water, forms an electrolyte solution.
  • the manifestations of the solid dosage form include “powder”, “tablet”, “block”, “capsule”, “pill” and the like.
  • chloride salt refers to a compound that releases chloride ions upon contact with water, and the chloride salts described herein are soluble chloride salts that do not react with other components by precipitation.
  • hydrogen releasing agent refers to a compound that releases hydrogen ions upon contact with water.
  • adjuvant refers to an addition other than the main ingredient in the formulation.
  • buffer system refers to the solution formed by the electrolyte of the solid dosage form after dissolving in water, which can offset and alleviate the influence of external strong acid or strong base on the pH value of the solution to a certain extent, so as to keep the pH value of the solution relatively stable. .
  • the electrolytes in the solid dosage form provided by the present invention are such as tablets, granules, pills, capsules, etc., such as tablets, the diameter of the tablet is, for example, 8-20 mm, such as 9 mm, 12 mm, and the thickness is, for example, 1-3 mm, such as 1 mm,
  • the hardness is 70-90N, such as 70N, 80N, with good stability, small and convenient.
  • the electrolyte of the solid dosage form contains an effective amount of chloride salt, a hydrogen releasing agent, and an auxiliary agent, which, after being dissolved in water, forms an electrolyte solution comprising at least one pH 5-7 buffer system, and releases hypochlorite through electrolysis acid, the pH of the hypochlorous acid solution can be stabilized at 5-7, such as 5, 5.5, 6, 6.5, so that the concentration of the hypochlorous acid is stable, such as 1-400 mg/L, further 10-200 mg/L , such as 25mg/L, 40mg/L, 60mg/L, 70mg/L, 120mg/L, 280mg/L.
  • hypochlorous acid disinfectant prepared according to the electrolyte of the solid dosage form provided by the present invention can be used in the fields of water treatment, sterilization and disinfection (for example, surface disinfection of daily necessities such as clothing and surface cleaning of food such as vegetables and fruits), bleaching, food preservation, and air purification. , which is 100% safe and non-irritating, will not burn the skin or eyes, and is completely harmless even if accidentally ingested. In addition, its high efficiency in killing microbial pathogens is 70-80 times higher than that of chlorine-containing bleaches such as sodium hypochlorite on the market.
  • the electrolyte of the solid dosage form utilizeds the raw material components of chloride salt, hydrogen releasing agent and auxiliary agent, and after baking and grinding, is extruded to form a solid dosage form, and the preparation method of the electrolyte of the solid dosage form comprises the following steps: But not limited to the following methods:
  • the chloride salt is used as the main active ingredient to form an electrolyte after being dissolved in water.
  • the content of the chloride salt is 20-90% % by weight, further, it is 30 to 80% by weight, for example, 40% by weight, 50% by weight, 70% by weight, within this range, it can be adjusted according to the concentration of the hypochlorous acid disinfectant that is expected to be made.
  • the chloride salt is dissolved in water to form a chloride ion solution, for example to form 1-30g/L, such as 1g/L, 4g/L, 7g/L, 15g /L, 22g/L, 28g/L, thus ensuring that a preset concentration of hypochlorous acid solution is generated after chloride ion electrolysis.
  • the hydrogen releasing agent releases hydrogen ions into water after contacting with water.
  • the hydrogen releasing agent independently or under the action of other components promotes the
  • the electrolyte of the solid dosage form upon dissolution in water, forms an electrolyte comprising at least one buffer system, eg, a pH in the range of 5-7, eg, 5, 5.5, 6, 6.5, to adequately maintain the electrolyte's pH.
  • a weakly acidic and neutral environment even after an imbalance, quickly restores the stability of the solution and maintains a steady state balance.
  • the buffer system examples include a phosphate buffer system, a succinate system, a carbonate-bicarbonate buffer system, and a citric acid-citrate buffer system.
  • 2 or 3 can also be listed, such as phosphate buffer system, double buffer system of citrate buffer system, double buffer system of phosphate buffer system and carbonate buffer system, which are more beneficial, especially for obtaining high
  • the concentration of hypochlorous acid solution has an ideal stabilizing effect and promotes the stability of the slow system.
  • the corresponding acid, acid salt, or a combination of the two can be exemplified among the hydrogen releasing agents.
  • specific examples of these acids include phosphoric acid, succinic acid, citric acid, and carbonic acid.
  • these acid salts include, for example, phosphates, such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate; hydrogen phosphates, such as dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, and diammonium hydrogen phosphate; succinate acid salts, such as sodium succinate, potassium succinate; citrates, such as sodium citrate, potassium citrate; acetates, such as sodium acetate; carbonates, such as sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, ammonium carbonate, lithium carbonate; Bicarbonate such as sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate.
  • these hydrogen releasing agents they may be used alone or in combination.
  • any solid substance that stably maintains the electrolyte solution formed by dissolving the electrolyte of the solid dosage form in water in the environment of the pH 5-7 buffer system should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.
  • These hydrogen-releasing agents are not particularly limited in content, and the amount between them can be adjusted according to the actual required pH range.
  • the hydrogen releasing agent may also include more solid acids, such as organic acids or inorganic acids, specifically formic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, adipic acid, ethyl acetate, etc.
  • solid acids such as organic acids or inorganic acids, specifically formic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, adipic acid, ethyl acetate, etc.
  • organic acids or inorganic acids specifically formic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, adipic acid,
  • the hydrogen releasing agent maintains the pH environment of the electrolyte, and based on the viewpoint of forming a solid dosage form and effectively exerting the purpose of disinfection, the content of the hydrogen releasing agent is 5 ⁇ 50% by weight, such as 13% by weight, 20% by weight, 35% by weight, so as to ensure adhesion stability when mixed with other combinations within the above range, and form a stable solid dosage form, and promote the electrolyte of the solid dosage form After dissolving in water, it forms a buffer system, which effectively exerts the purpose of disinfection.
  • the electrolyte of the solid dosage form further includes an adjuvant, and the adjuvant is used to help the solid dosage form to rapidly form and dissolve quickly.
  • the content of the auxiliary agent is 0 to 40% by weight, such as 0% by weight, 30% by weight, 40% by weight, further 5 to 30% by weight, such as 5% by weight , 20% by weight, 30% by weight.
  • the adjuvants may include binders, lubricants, fillers, and disintegrants.
  • the binder serves to impart cohesiveness to the solid dosage form, which cohesion ensures that the composition remains intact.
  • the binder include polyvinylpyrrolidone, methylcellulose, starch, gum arabic, dextrin, and the like.
  • the content of the binder is, for example, 0 to 100% by weight, such as 0, 30%, or 100% by weight.
  • the filler is used to increase the volume of the material to be compressed, so that a solid dosage form of a predetermined size can still be formed without the need to form excessively high content of chloride salt and hydrogen releasing agent.
  • the material of the filler is not particularly limited.
  • it is cellulose, which can be selected according to actual needs.
  • the content of the auxiliary agent is, for example, 0-100% by weight, further 0-60% by weight, such as 0%, 30% by weight, 50% by weight.
  • the disintegrant facilitates dissolution or disintegration of the solid dosage form of the electrolyte composition upon contact with water.
  • the disintegrating agent can form a gas after contacting with water to disintegrate the electrolyte of the solid dosage form.
  • the gas can be safe and environmentally friendly carbon dioxide, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, such as carbon dioxide, in some embodiments of the present invention.
  • the disintegrating agent can be sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate and a mixture thereof, so that in the presence of a hydrogen releasing agent, part of the hydrogen ions are neutralized to generate carbon dioxide gas.
  • the content of the disintegrating agent is, for example, 0 to 100% by weight, further 20 to 100% by weight, such as 0, 20% by weight, 80% by weight, and 100% by weight.
  • step S2 the raw material components in step S1 are roasted and ground, and in the roasting process, impurities such as moisture in the raw materials are removed, for example, the above raw material components can be dried by vacuum In the box, perform low-temperature baking at 40-90°C, such as 45°C, 50°C, 60°C, 80°C, for 0.5-48h, such as 1h, 4h, 10h, 24h, 36h, so as not to destroy its physical and chemical properties.
  • 40-90°C such as 45°C, 50°C, 60°C, 80°C
  • 0.5-48h such as 1h, 4h, 10h, 24h, 36h, so as not to destroy its physical and chemical properties.
  • the baked raw materials are respectively ground by a universal pulverizer or a sander.
  • the particle size of the raw materials after grinding is less than or equal to 20 meshes, For example, 20 mesh, 40 mesh, 60 mesh, 100 mesh, further less than or equal to 60 mesh, such as 85 mesh, 100 mesh, 120 mesh, which are suitable for the components of the present invention.
  • step S3 the ground raw materials are stirred at a speed of less than or equal to 100 rpm, eg, 500 rpm and 600 rpm, by a stirrer to obtain a mixture to be tableted.
  • the material to be tableted is formed by first baking, then grinding, and then mixing, which is not limited to this.
  • the preparation sequence is not particularly limited. Of course, it is also possible to mix first, then bake and then grind, or grind while Baking, these can be selected according to the actual process.
  • step S4 the mixture is transferred to a tableting machine, maintained at less than or equal to 50%, for example, at a humidity of 30% and 45% for tableting, and is processed by whole tableting and sieving.
  • the humidity of the extrusion is very critical, which ensures the mutual extrusion molding effect between the various raw material components.
  • the extrusion pressure is 1-6t, such as 3t, 6t. So far, the electrolyte of the intended solid dosage form is prepared.
  • the present invention shows a specific embodiment of using the electrolyte of the solid dosage form to prepare a hypochlorous acid disinfectant, and the electrolyte of the solid dosage form, such as a tablet, is quantitatively put into a disinfectant
  • the hypochlorous acid disinfectant is obtained by electrolysis in the generating device 100 .
  • the disinfectant generating device 100 includes an electrolytic cell body 110 , a spray head assembly 120 , a cover body 130 , an electrode sheet 140 , and a power supply unit 150 .
  • the electrolytic cell body 110 is, for example, a columnar structure with a hollow cavity, and the electrolyte and water of the solid dosage form provided by the present invention are added to the hollow cavity through the top opening of the electrolytic cell body 110 inside the body, thereby forming an electrolyte and providing a place for the electrolysis of the electrolyte.
  • the nozzle assembly 120 includes a nozzle (not shown in the figure) and a pressing nozzle 121 connected to the nozzle. The pressing nozzle 121 communicates with the solution in the electrolytic cell body 110 through the nozzle and passes through the nozzle.
  • the solution is sprayed from the nozzle hole 121a on the pressing nozzle 121, and the pressing nozzle 121 has an external thread matching the internal thread on the top opening of the electrolytic cell 110, thereby connecting the nozzle assembly 120 with the electrolytic cell body 110.
  • the cover 130 is snapped on the electrolytic cell body 110 and protects the pressing nozzle 121 to avoid liquid leakage caused by accidental touch
  • the electrode sheet 140 is fixedly installed on the electrolytic cell body 110 Inside, the electrolyte is electrolyzed after being energized, and the electrode sheet 140 includes a composite electrode of a cathode and an anode, which are located in the same electrolyte without a diaphragm between each other, thereby producing a single hypochlorous acid anolyte
  • the power supply portion 150 Located under the electrolytic cell body 110 and connected to the electrode sheet 140, the power supply part 150 includes a rechargeable battery (not shown in the figure) and a switch 151, and the battery component is, for example, a rechargeable battery, such as a lithium battery, through The charging hole 152 charges the disinfectant generating device 100, and controls the switch 151 to start/stop the electrolysis operation.
  • the nozzle assembly 120 and the cover 130 are unscrewed from the top opening of the electrolytic cell body 110, and water and the solid dosage form of the present invention are added into the electrolytic cell body 110 Then, screw the nozzle assembly 120 on, cover the cover 130, shake and mix sufficiently to dissolve the solid dosage form of the electrolyte sheet in water to form an acidic electrolyte, and then activate the switch on the electrolytic cell body 110 151, energize in the described acidic electrolyte, the electrolyte is electrolyzed in the electrolysis of the electrode sheet 140, and in the electrolysis process:
  • H2 escapes and drives the solution to mix. Further, under acidic conditions, electrolysis of the solution promotes the reaction of ClO- and H+:
  • hypochlorous acid is generated, and after the electrolysis is completed, for example, 2 minutes, the switch 151 is turned off, the cover body 130 is opened, and the spray head assembly 120 is pressed to spray the hypochlorous acid disinfectant.
  • the raw materials sodium chloride, citric acid, disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium acetate, sodium bicarbonate, and sodium carbonate were baked at 50 ° C for 1 h, and were respectively ground by a universal pulverizer or sander to The particle size is 80 mesh, ready for use.
  • sodium chloride was added to the blender and the above formulation was added and mixed for 10 minutes under agitation at 60 rpm to form a mixture. After that, the mixture was transferred to a tablet press, maintained at a humidity of 40% for tableting, and extruded into round tablets with the following characteristics through whole tableting and sieving treatment: Average diameter: 8.2 mm; average mass: 100 mg; average hardness: 81N.
  • pellet electrolytes were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.
  • the pellet electrolyte average diameter: 7.8 mm; average mass: 100 mg; average hardness: 79N.
  • the mixture and circular tablet electrolyte were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.
  • the circular tablet electrolyte average Diameter: 8mm; Average Mass: 100mg; Average Hardness: 78N.
  • a mixture and circular tablet electrolyte were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the tableting humidity was 50%, the circular tablet electrolyte: average diameter: 8 mm ; Average mass: 100mg; Average hardness: 76N.
  • the mixture and circular tablet electrolyte were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the grinding particle size of the raw material components was 30 mesh and the tableting humidity was 70%.
  • the circular tablet electrolyte average diameter: 8 mm; average mass: 100 mg; average hardness: 77N.
  • Example 2 Example 3
  • Example 4 Example 5 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2
  • Sodium chloride 50 60 50 50 50 55 70 citric acid 20 20 / / 20 / / tartaric acid / / 15 20 / 30 20
  • hypochlorous acid disinfectant prepared by the electrolyte of table 2 solid dosage form
  • the present invention can obtain disinfectants with different hypochlorous acid concentrations by preparing the components and contents in the electrolyte of the solid dosage form.
  • the hypochlorous acid solution is stable, safe and environmentally friendly, and can be directly used in human oral cavity, skin or Compared with sodium hypochlorite disinfection, it has no irritation to the skin and has stronger bactericidal ability.
  • Examples 1-5 The electrolytes of the solid dosage forms obtained in Examples 1-5 were subjected to a storage stability test, wherein Examples 1-3 were stored at 25°C/shading/dry and sealed conditions, and Examples 4-5 were stored at 25°C/normal ventilation. After storage for 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months, the hypochlorous acid content in the solution was detected through the test process as described above to test the storage stability of the electrolyte of the solid dosage form. The results are shown in Table 3. .
  • the electrolyte of the solid dosage form provided by the present invention is small and convenient, easy to carry, and has good storage stability. Under the conditions of shading, sealing and drying, the solid tablet has a good appearance after being stored for 6 months, without powder removal and collapse. , Dissolving fast, excellent electrolytic performance, hypochlorous acid consumption rate is less than 1%.
  • the present invention provides an electrolyte in a solid dosage form and a preparation method and use thereof.
  • the electrolyte of the solid dosage form utilizes chloride salt, hydrogen releasing agent and at least one auxiliary agent to form a stable solid dosage form, dissolves rapidly after contacting with water, and forms an electrolyte solution comprising at least one buffer system of pH 5-7, thereby electrolyzing the solid dosage form. Generates a stable concentration of hypochlorous acid solution. Further, it is also possible to produce hypochlorous acid solutions of different concentrations by using solid dosage forms of different contents and quantities to adapt to different disinfection occasions.
  • the electrolyte in the solid dosage form provided by the present invention can be applied to various disinfectant generating devices, such as those with or without a diaphragm, and the electrolyte in the solid dosage form can effectively prevent the scaling phenomenon of the electrolysis cathode.
  • the electrolyte of the solid dosage form provided by the present invention has good storage stability, safety and environmental protection, small and convenient, easy to carry, and good solubility, and can be quickly dissolved in water within 2 minutes, so that hypochlorous acid disinfectant can be prepared at any time as required, And can achieve the effect of deodorization, especially suitable for people traveling at home.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种固体剂型的电解质及其制备方法和用途。所述固体剂型的电解质包括：氯盐，具有20～90重量％，用于向水中提供氯离子；氢释放剂，具有5～50重量％，用于向所述水中缓释氢离子；助剂，具有0～40重量％；其中，所述固体剂型的电解质在溶于所述水后形成至少一个pH 5-7的缓冲体系。根据本发明提供的固体剂型的电解质实现了按需制取次氯酸消毒液，随制随用，次氯酸成分稳定，消毒效果理想。

Description

一种固体剂型的电解质及其制备方法和用途 技术领域
本发明涉及到消毒液技术领域，具体涉及一种固体剂型的电解质及其制备方法和用途。
背景技术
使用消毒液可以有效灭火病菌，避免交叉污染，从而逐渐成为居家出行的必备品之一，目前市场上消毒液主要以液体产品居多，例如次氯酸消毒液、次氯酸钠消毒液，在使用过程中液体消耗大，不宜长期贮存，需要经常购买，特别是对于商务人士或旅游人士而言，由于液体不适合飞机携带，造成了较大的困扰，此外，这些液体产品都不同程度存在环保和使用、贮存的安全性问题。
目前，市场上虽然也有一些固体产品，例如固体二氧化氯消毒液，在投放水中进行形成消毒液，但稳定性低，使用不方便。例如称取加一定量的食盐到水中，然后通过设定时间的电解，产生pH值高于7的碱性次氯酸钠溶液，进行消毒作业，然而这种加盐方式和电解时间等的精度难以控制，容易造成产生的溶液浓度以及pH值不稳定，对消毒效果产生影响，而且不能产生pH小于7的次氯酸溶液，次氯酸可以进行空气消毒，直接接触人体手、皮肤、黏膜消毒，相较于次氯酸钠消毒对皮肤无刺激，且杀菌能力更强。
因此，提供一种能够电解产生pH稳定及次氯酸浓度稳定的固体剂型的电解质，达到使用方便、安全环保，实现高效消毒的目的十分重要。
发明内容
鉴于以上所述现有技术的缺点，本发明的目的之一在于提供一种固体剂型的电解质，所述固体剂型的电解质在溶于水后形成包含至少一个pH 5-7的缓冲体系的电解液，电解后产生次氯酸，其pH稳定和次氯酸浓度稳定，从而实现了按需制取次氯酸消毒液，随制随用，次氯酸成分稳定，消毒效果理想。此外，成本经济，存储携带方便，利于居家出行。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种固体剂型的电解质的制备方法。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种利用如上所述的固体剂型的电解质在制备消毒液中的用途。
为实现上述目的及其他相关目的，本发明提供了一种固体剂型的电解质，其包括：氯盐，具有20～90重量％，用于向水中提供氯离子；氢释放剂，具有5～50重量％，用于向所述水中缓释氢离子；助剂，具有0～40重量％；其中，所述固体剂型的电解质在溶于所述水后形成至少一个pH 5-7的缓冲体系。
在一些实施例中，所述固体剂型的电解质在溶于所述水后，电解形成1-400mg/L次氯酸溶液。
在一些实施例中，所述氯盐中水不溶物的含量低于2重量％，和/或水溶性杂质的含量小于等于2重量％。
在一些实施例中，所述固体剂型的电解质的原料粒径小于等于60目。
在一些实施例中，所述缓冲体系选自磷酸盐缓冲体系、琥珀酸盐体系、碳酸盐-碳酸氢盐缓冲体系、柠檬酸-柠檬酸盐缓冲体系。
在一些实施例中，所述氢释放剂包括酸和/或其盐。
在一些实施例中，所述助剂包括：粘合剂，具有0～100重量％；润滑剂，具有0～100重量％；填充剂，具有0～100重量％；崩解剂，具有0～100重量％。
在一些实施例中，所述崩解剂在所述氢释放剂存在下，接触所述水后生成气体，以崩解所述固体剂型的电解质。
在一些实施例中，所述气体选自二氧化碳、氢气、氧气、氮气中任意一种或上述任意其组合。
在一些实施例中，所述固体剂型选自片剂、颗粒剂、丸剂，及胶囊中的任意一种。
本发明还提供一种固体剂型的电解质的制备方法，所述方法包括：提供固体剂型的电解质的原料；烘焙并研磨所述原料；搅拌所述原料而形成一混合物；维持在小于等于50％湿度下挤压所述混合物，而得到所述固体剂型的电解质；其中，所述固体剂型的电解质在溶于所述水后形成至少一个pH 5-7的缓冲体系，所述固体剂型的电解质的原料包括：氯盐，具有20～90重量％，用于向水中提供氯离子；氢释放剂，具有5～50重量％，用于向所述水中缓释氢离子；助剂，具有0～40重量％。
在一些实施例中，所述烘焙的温度为40-90℃，和/或时间为0.5-48h。
在一些实施例中，所述原料在所述研磨后的粒径小于等于20目。
本发明还提供了一种如上所述的固体剂型的电解质在制备消毒液中的用途。
如上所述，本发明提供了一种固体剂型的电解质及其制备方法和用途。所述固体剂型的电解质利用氯盐、氢释放剂和助剂形成稳定的固体剂型，在接触水之后快速溶解，并形成包含至少一个pH 5-7的缓冲体系的电解液，从而电解生成浓度稳定的次氯酸溶液。进一步地，还可以利用不同含量和数量的固体剂型生产不同浓度的次氯酸溶液，以适应不同的消毒场合。此外，本发明的提供的固体剂型的电解质可以适用于各种消毒液发生装置，例如有隔膜或无隔膜的消毒液发生装置中，所述固体剂型的电解质能有效防止电解阴极结垢的现象。此外， 本发明提供的固体剂型的电解质贮存稳定性好、安全环保、小巧方便、便于携带、溶解性好，可以在2分钟内快速溶解于水中，从而可以随时根据需要制备次氯酸消毒液，并能够达到消毒杀菌、清除异味的效果，特别适合于居家出行人士。其他的特征、益处可以参考本发明公开的权利要求和说明书在内的内容。
附图说明
图1为本发明提供的固体剂型的电解质制备方法的流程示意图。
图2为本发明提供的消毒液发生装置的一具体实施方式。
图3为图2中消毒液发生装置的主视图。
图4为图2中消毒液发生装置的仰视图。
具体实施方式
以下通过特定的具体实例说明本发明的实施例，应该理解，本发明并不限于具体的氯盐、氢释放剂、赋形剂，制备工艺参数等，例如它们可以改变。还应该理解，本文中使用的术语目的仅是用于描述特定实施方案，并不意味着限制本发明。必须指出的是：如在说明书和所附权利要求书中所使用的，除非上下文清楚指明，否则单数形式包括复数的涉及对象，例如包括混合物等。
在组合物中存在特定组分是“任意的”的详述中，是指该组分可以存在或可以不存在，并且包括该组分存在的情况和该组分不存在的情况。
用于表示组合物中特定组分量的术语“预设浓度”“预设量”“有效量”指的是该组分足以提供所需效果的量。
在本说明书和其后的权利要求书中，将涉及到很多限定到具有下面意义的术语：
术语“固体剂型的电解质”指固体形式电解质，其在与水接触之后形成电解质溶液。所述固体剂型的表现形式包括“粉剂”、“片”、“块”、“胶囊”、“丸剂”等。
术语“氯盐”指与水接触之后释放氯离子的化合物，此处所述的氯盐为可溶性氯盐，不会与其他组分之间发生的沉淀反应。
术语“氢释放剂”指与水接触之后释放氢离子的化合物。
术语“助剂”指在制剂中除主要成分以外的附加物。
术语“缓冲体系”是指固体剂型的电解质在溶于水后形成的溶液，能在一定程度上抵消、减轻外加强酸或强碱对溶液酸碱度的影响，从而保持溶液的pH值相对稳定的体系。
除非这些定义，本文中所使用的所有技术和科学术语都具有本发明所属领域普通技术人员通常所理解的同样含义。虽然也可采用与本文所述相似或等同的任何方法和材料实施本发明，但下面描述了优选的方法和材料。
本发明提供的固体剂型的电解质例如片剂、颗粒剂、丸剂，及胶囊等，例如为片剂，片剂的直径例如为8～20mm例如9mm、12mm，厚度例如为1～3mm，例如1mm，硬度为70～90N，例如70N、80N，稳定性好，小巧方便。所述固体剂型的电解质中包含了有效量的氯盐、氢释放剂，以及助剂，其在溶于水后形成包含至少一个pH 5-7的缓冲体系的电解液，并通过电解释放次氯酸，该次氯酸溶液的pH可以稳定在5-7，例如5、5.5、6、6.5，从而所述次氯酸的浓度稳定，例如1-400mg/L，进一步地为10～200mg/L，例如25mg/L、40mg/L、60mg/L、70mg/L、120mg/L、280mg/L。根据本发明提供的固体剂型的电解质制备的次氯酸消毒液可以用于水处理、杀菌消毒(例如衣物等生活用品表面消毒以及蔬果等食品表面清洁等)、漂白、食品防腐，及空气净化领域，其100％安全且无刺激性，不会灼伤皮肤或眼睛，即使在意外摄取时也完全无害。此外，其杀灭微生物病原体的效率高，比市场上的次氯酸钠等含氯漂白剂高70-80倍。
如图1所示，本发明提供的固体剂型的电解质利用氯盐、氢释放剂及助剂的原料组分，在烘焙研磨后，挤压形成固体剂型，所述固体剂型的电解质的制备方法包括但不限于以下方法：
—S1，提供固体剂型的电解质的原料，所述固体剂型的电解质的原料包括：氯盐，具有20～90重量％；氢释放剂，具有5～50重量％；助剂，具有0～40重量％；其中，所述固体剂型的电解质在溶于所述水后形成至少一个pH 5-7的缓冲体系；
—S2，烘焙并研磨所述原料；
—S3，搅拌所述原料而形成一混合物；
—S3，维持在小于等于50％湿度下挤压所述混合物，而得到所述固体剂型的电解质。
如图1所示，在步骤S1中，所述氯盐在接触水后形成氯离子的溶液，从而为后续的电解提供原料。所述氯盐具体地例子可以列举氯化钠、氯化钾、氯化锂，进一步地，优选氯化钠，基于保证电解效果和快速溶解的观点，所述氯盐中的水不溶物的含量低于2重量％，例如1重量％、0.5重量％，水溶性杂质的含量小于等于2重量％，例如1重量％、0.5重量％，进一步地，为食品级氯盐，纯度理想。
在所述固体剂型的电解质组合物中，所述氯盐作为主要的有效成分，在溶解于水后形成电解质，基于形成固体剂型和有效发挥消毒目的观点，所述氯盐的含量为20～90重量％，进 一步地，为30～80重量％，例如为40重量％、50重量％、70重量％，在该范围内，可以根据预期需要制成的次氯酸消毒液的浓度进行调整，在如上所述，如下详述的氢释放剂的存在下，所述氯盐溶于水后形成氯离子溶液，例如形成1-30g/L，例如1g/L、4g/L、7g/L、15g/L、22g/L、28g/L，从而保证了氯离子电解后生成预设浓度的次氯酸溶液。
如图1所示，在步骤S1中，所述氢释放剂在接触水之后，向水中释放氢离子，具体地，所述氢释放剂独立地，或在其他组分的作用下，促进所述固体剂型的电解质在溶于水后形成包含至少一个缓冲体系的电解液，例如一个，所述缓冲体系的pH范围为5-7，例如5、5.5、6、6.5，以充分维持该电解液的弱酸性和中性的环境，即使在失衡后，迅速恢复溶液的稳定，维持稳态平衡。所述缓冲体系例如可以列举磷酸盐缓冲体系、琥珀酸盐体系、碳酸盐-碳酸氢盐缓冲体系、柠檬酸-柠檬酸盐缓冲体系。当然还可以列举2个、3个，例如磷酸盐缓冲体系、柠檬酸盐缓冲体系的双缓冲体系，磷酸盐缓冲体系、碳酸盐缓冲体系的双缓冲体系，其更加利于，特别是对于获得高浓度的次氯酸溶液的具有理想的稳定作用，促进缓体系的稳定。基于形成预期的缓冲体系的观点，所述氢释放剂中可以列举相应的酸、酸盐，或者二者的组合。具体地，这些酸具体的例子可以列举，磷酸、琥珀酸、柠檬酸、碳酸。这些酸盐具体的例子可以列举，例如磷酸盐，例如磷酸二氢钾、磷酸二氢钠、磷酸二氢铵；磷酸氢盐，例如磷酸氢二钾、磷酸氢二钠、磷酸氢二铵；琥珀酸盐，例如琥珀酸钠、琥珀酸钾；柠檬酸盐，例如柠檬酸钠、柠檬酸钾；乙酸盐，例如乙酸钠；碳酸盐，例如碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸氨、碳酸锂；碳酸氢盐，例如碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾。这些氢释放剂的具体的例子中，可以单独使用也可以组合使用。应当理解，任何将固体剂型的电解质在溶于水后形成的电解液稳定维持在pH5-7缓冲体系的环境下的固体物质，均应当涵盖在本发明要求保护的范围内。这些释氢剂没有特别含量没有特别的限定，可以根据实际需要的PH范围，调整他们之间的用量。
进一步地，在上述的基础上，所述氢释放剂中还可以包括更多种的固体的酸，例如有机酸或者无机酸，具体的可以列举甲酸、丙酸、丁酸、己二酸、乙二酸、丙二酸、丁二酸、马来酸、酒石酸、苹果酸、邻苯二甲酸、对苯二甲酸、戊酸、己酸、癸酸、硬脂酸、丙烯酸，盐酸、硝酸、亚硝酸、高卤酸、卤酸、亚卤酸、次卤酸、氯化铝、偏铝酸，这些进一步地促进缓冲体系的稳定。
需要说明的是，在所述固体剂型的电解质组合物中，所述氢释放剂维持了电解液的PH环境，基于形成固体剂型和有效发挥消毒目的观点，所述氢释放剂的含量为5～50重量％，例如13重量％、20重量％、35重量％，从而在上述范围内，与其他组合混合时，保证了粘合稳定性，而形成稳定的固体剂型，并促进该固体剂型的电解质在溶于水后形成缓冲体系，有效 发挥消毒目的。
如图1所示，在步骤S1中，所述固体剂型的电解质中还包括助剂，所述助剂用于帮助固体剂型快速成型，以及快速溶解。在所述固体剂型的电解质组合物中，所述助剂的含量为0～40重量％，例如0重量％、30重量％、40重量％，进一步地为5～30重量％，例如5重量％、20重量％、30重量％。在一些实施例中，所述助剂可以列举粘合剂、润滑剂、填充剂、崩解剂。
所述粘合剂用于赋予固体剂型的粘结性，该粘结性保证所述组合物保持完整。所述粘合剂可以列举聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、甲基纤维素、淀粉、阿拉伯树胶、糊精等。在所述助剂中，所述粘合剂的含量例如为0～100重量％，例如0、30重量％、100重量％。
所述润滑剂是在固体剂型的电解质组合物，特别是片剂的制备过程中，可以防止片剂材料粘合到压片机零部件(料斗、压模和冲头)表面、降低粒子间的摩擦、使片剂易于从压模排出以及改善混合物(待压片)的流动速率。所述润滑剂的例子可以列举硬脂酸、硬脂酸酯、聚乙二醇、十二烷基硫酸钠。在所述助剂中，所述润滑剂的含量例如为0～100重量％，进一步地为5～45重量％，例如5重量％、20重量％。
所述填充剂用于增加待压片材料体积，以在不需要形成过高成分的氯盐和氢释放剂的情况下，依旧形成预定大小的固体剂型，所述填充剂的材料没有特别的限定，例如为纤维素，可以实际的需要进行选择，所述助剂中，的含量例如为0～100重量％，进一步地为0～60重量％，例如0％、30重量％、50重量％。
所述崩解剂使得固体剂型的电解质组合物在与水接触后易于溶解或崩解。所述崩解剂例如可以在接触水之后，形成气体从而崩解所述固体剂型的电解质，该气体可以是安全环保的二氧化碳、氢气、氧气、氮气，例如为二氧化碳，在本发明的一些实施例中，所述崩解剂可以是碳酸氢钠、碳酸钠及其二者的混合物，从而在氢释放剂的存在下，中和部分氢离子生成二氧化碳气体。在所述助剂中，所述崩解剂的含量例如为0～100重量％，进一步地为20～100重量％，例如0、20重量％、80重量％、100重量％。
如图1所示，在步骤S2中，对步骤S1中的原料组分进行烘焙和研磨，在所述烘焙过程，除去所述原料中的水分等杂质，例如可以将上述原料组分通过真空干燥箱中，在40-90℃，例如45℃、50℃、60℃、80℃的温度下进行低温烘焙0.5-48h，例如1h、4h、10h、24h、36h、，从而不破坏其理化性质。
如图1所示，在步骤S2中，将烘焙后的原料通过万能粉碎机或磨砂机分别进行研磨，基于赋形以及后期快速溶解的观点，所述原料研磨后的粒径小于等于20目，例如20目、40目、60目、100目，进一步地小于等于60目，例如85目、100目、120目，其适应于本发明的组 份。
如图1所示，在步骤S3中，将研磨后的原料通过搅拌器在小于等于100rpm，例如500rpm、600rpm的速度下进行搅拌，以得到一待压片的混合物。此处，本发明通过先烘焙后研磨再混合的方式形成待压片的材料，并不限定于此，这些制备顺序没有特别的限定，当然也可以先混合后烘焙再研磨，还可以边研磨边烘焙，这些可以根据实际的工艺进行选择。
如图1所示，在步骤S4中，将所述混合物转移至压片机中，维持小于等于50％，例如于30％、45％的湿度下进行压片，并经整片、筛片处理挤压成型。所述挤压的湿度非常的关键，其保证了各个原料组分之间相互挤压成型的效果，进一步的，挤压的压力为1-6t，例如3t、6t。至此，制备得到预期固体剂型的电解质。
如图2至图4所示，本发明示出了利用该固体剂型的电解质制备次氯酸消毒液的一具体实施方式，将该固体剂型的电解质，例如片剂，定量的投放至一消毒液发生装置100中电解获得次氯酸消毒液。所述消毒液发生装置100包括电解槽本体110、喷头组件120、盖体130、电极片140，以及电源部150。
如图2至图4所示，所述电解槽本体110例如为具有中空腔体的柱状结构，本发明提供的固体剂型的电解质和水通过所述电解槽本体110的顶部开口添加至该中空腔体内，从而形成电解液，并为电解液电解提供场所。所述喷头组件120包括喷管(图中未示出)和连接所述喷管的按压喷头121，所述按压喷头121通过所述喷管和所述电解槽本体110内的溶液连通，并通过按压喷头121上喷孔121a喷出所述溶液，所述按压喷头121上具有与所述电解槽110顶部开口上内螺纹匹配的外螺纹，从而将所述喷头组件120与所述电解槽本体110旋紧，所述盖体130卡合在所述电解槽本体110上并保护所述按压喷头121，以避免误碰导致漏液的情况，所述电极片140固定安装于所述电解槽本体110内，在通电后电解电解液，所述电极片140包括阴极和阳极的复合电极，位于同一电解液中，彼此之间没有隔膜，从而产生单一的次氯酸阳极电解液，所述电源部150位于所述电解槽本体110下方，并连接所述电极片140，所述电源部150包括充电电池(图中未示出)和开关151，所述电池组件例如为充电电池，例如锂电池，通过充电孔152对该消毒液发生装置100进行充电，并控制开关151启动/关闭电解作业。
在进行制备次氯酸消毒液的作业时，将喷头组件120和盖体130从所述电解槽本体110的顶部开口上旋开，向所述电解槽本体110内添加水和本发明的固体剂型的电解质片，再将喷头组件120旋上，盖上盖体130，充分地摇晃混合使所述固体剂型的电解质片在水中溶解，形成酸性电解液，接着启动所述电解槽本体110上的开关151，向所述酸性电解液中进行通 电，电解液在电极片140的电解作用进行电解，在电解过程中：
2NaCl+2H2O＝直流电解＝Cl2↑+H2↑+2NaOH[1]
2NaOH+Cl2＝NaCl+NaClO+H2O[2]
其中，H2逸出，并带动溶液混合。进一步地，溶液在酸性条件下，电解促进ClO-和H+反应：
ClO-+H+＝HClO  [3]。
从而生成次氯酸，之后在电解结束后，例如2分钟，关闭开关151，揭开盖体130，按压喷头组件120喷出次氯酸消毒液。
此处，示出了固体剂型的电解质运用于无隔膜消毒液发生装置100的一具体实施例，当然并不限定于此，所述该固体剂型的电解质还可以投入到例如有隔膜消毒液发生装置中，应当理解，任何利用本发明的固体剂型的电解质制备次氯酸消毒液的运用形式均应当涵盖在本发明要求保护的范围内。
以下将结合具体的实施例对本发明进行更为详细的说明。
实施例1
使用表1中的原料组分，将原料氯化钠、柠檬酸、磷酸氢二钠、乙酸钠、碳酸氢钠、碳酸钠，在50℃烘焙1h，并分别通过万能粉碎机或磨砂机研磨至粒径为80目，备用。之后，将氯化钠加入搅拌器中在60rpm搅拌条件下加入上述配方并混合10分钟，而形成一混合物。之后，将所述混合物转移至压片机中，维持在40％的湿度下进行压片，并经整片、筛片处理挤压成型为具有以下特征的圆形片剂电解质：平均直径：8.2mm；平均质量：100mg；平均硬度：81N。
实施例2
使用表1中的原料组分，按与实施例1中相同的方法制备混合物和圆形片剂电解质。所述圆形片剂电解质：平均直径：8mm；平均质量：100mg；平均硬度：70N。
实施例3
使用表1中的原料组分，按与实施例1中相同的方法制备混合物和丸剂电解质。所述丸剂电解质：平均直径：7.8mm；平均质量：100mg；平均硬度：79N。
实施例4
使用表1中的原料组分，除了原料组分研磨粒径为100目之外，其余按与实施例1中相同的方法制备混合物和圆形片剂电解质，所述圆形片剂电解质：平均直径：8mm；平均质量：100mg；平均硬度：78N。
实施例5
使用表1中的原料组分，除了压片湿度为50％之外，其余按与实施例1中相同的方法制备混合物和圆形片剂电解质，所述圆形片剂电解质：平均直径：8mm；平均质量：100mg；平均硬度：76N。
对比例1
使用表1中的原料组分，除了原料组分研磨粒径为30目，压片湿度为70％之外，按与实施例1中相同的方法制备混合物和圆形片剂电解质。所述圆形片剂电解质：平均直径：8mm；平均质量：100mg；平均硬度：77N。
对比例2
使用表1中的原料组分，称取氯化钠、酒石酸、碳酸氢钠进行混合。
表1固体剂型的电解质的配方
组分/％ 实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 实施例4 实施例5 对比例1 对比例2
氯化钠 50 60 50 50 50 55 70
柠檬酸 20 20 / / 20 / /
酒石酸 / / 15 20 / 30 20
磷酸氢二钠 10 / / / 10 / /
磷酸二氢钠 / 5 15 / 5 / /
乙酸钠 / / 5 10 / / /
碳酸氢钠 15 / 15 15 5 15 10
碳酸钠 5 15 / 5 10 / /
测试方法
将实施例1-5，和对比例1-2获得的固体剂型的电解质投入本发明提供的消毒液发生装置100中，按照以下过程进行测试，测试结果如表2至表3所示。
向消毒液发生装置100的电解槽本体110内添加23ml水和上述实施例1-5，和对比例1-2获得的固体剂型的电解质，摇晃所述消毒液发生装置100，观察所述溶液的溶解情况，并在溶解后，启动开关进行电解，1分钟之后停止，关闭开关，检测所述溶液中的次氯酸含量，结果如表2所示。
表2固体剂型的电解质制备的次氯酸消毒液性能
Figure PCTCN2021095680-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2021095680-appb-000002
如上表2所示，本发明通过调配固体剂型的电解质中的组分及含量可以获得不同次氯酸浓度的消毒液，该次氯酸溶液稳定，安全环保，可以直接用于人体口腔、皮肤或是与人体直接接触的物体表面及食物消毒，相较于次氯酸钠消毒对皮肤无刺激，且杀菌能力更强。
将实施例1-5获得的固体剂型的电解质进行贮存稳定性测试，其中实施例1-3于25℃/遮光/干燥密封条件下保存，实施例4-5于25℃/正常通风保存。贮存1周、1个月、6个月之后，再通过如上所述的测试过程，检测所述溶液中的次氯酸含量，以测试固体剂型的电解质的存储稳定性，结果如表3所示。
表3固体剂型的电解质的贮存稳定性
Figure PCTCN2021095680-appb-000003
如表3所示，本发明提供的固体剂型的电解质小巧方便，便于携带，贮存稳定性好，在遮光、密封、干燥条件下，贮存6个月固体片剂外观良好，无脱粉、无坍塌，溶解快，电解 性能优异，次氯酸耗损率低于1％。
如上所述，本发明提供了一种固体剂型的电解质及其制备方法和用途。所述固体剂型的电解质利用氯盐、氢释放剂和至少一种助剂形成稳定的固体剂型，在接触水之后快速溶解，并形成包含至少一个pH 5-7的缓冲体系的电解液，从而电解生成浓度稳定的次氯酸溶液。进一步地，还可以利用不同含量和数量的固体剂型生产不同浓度的次氯酸溶液，以适应不同的消毒场合。此外，本发明的提供的固体剂型的电解质可以适用于各种消毒液发生装置，例如有隔膜或无隔膜的消毒液发生装置中，所述固体剂型的电解质能有效防止电解阴极结垢的现象。此外，本发明提供的固体剂型的电解质贮存稳定性好、安全环保、小巧方便、便于携带、溶解性好，可以在2分钟内快速溶解于水中，从而可以随时根据需要制备次氯酸消毒液，并能够达到除臭的效果，特别适合于居家出行人士。
以上所述，仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并非对本发明任何形式上和实质上的限制，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员，在不脱离本发明方法的前提下，还将可以做出若干改进和补充，这些改进和补充也应视为本发明的保护范围。凡熟悉本专业的技术人员，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下，当可利用以上所揭示的技术内容而做出的些许更动、修饰与演变的等同变化，均为本发明的等效实施例；同时，凡依据本发明的实质技术对上述实施例所作的任何等同变化的更动、修饰与演变，均仍属于本发明的技术方案的范围内。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种固体剂型的电解质，其特征在于，包括：
    氯盐，具有20～90重量％，用于向水中提供氯离子；
    氢释放剂，具有5～50重量％，用于向所述水中缓释氢离子；
    助剂，具有0～40重量％；
    其中，所述固体剂型的电解质在溶于所述水后形成至少一个pH 5-7的缓冲体系。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的固体剂型的电解质，其特征在于，所述固体剂型的电解质在溶于所述水后，电解形成1-400mg/L次氯酸溶液。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的固体剂型的电解质，其特征在于，所述氯盐中水不溶物的含量低于2重量％，和/或水溶性杂质的含量小于等于2重量％。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的固体剂型的电解质，其特征在于，所述固体剂型的电解质的原料粒径小于等于20目。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的固体剂型的电解质，其特征在于，所述缓冲体系选自磷酸盐缓冲体系、琥珀酸盐体系、碳酸盐-碳酸氢盐缓冲体系、柠檬酸-柠檬酸盐缓冲体系。
  6. 根据权利要求1或5所述的固体剂型的电解质，其特征在于，所述氢释放剂包括酸和/或其盐。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的固体剂型的电解质，其特征在于，所述助剂包括：
    粘合剂，具有0～100重量％；
    润滑剂，具有0～100重量％；
    填充剂，具有0～100重量％；
    崩解剂，具有0～100重量％。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的固体剂型的电解质，其特征在于，所述崩解剂在所述氢释放剂存在下，接触所述水后生成气体，以崩解所述固体剂型的电解质。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的固体剂型的电解质，其特征在于，所述气体选自二氧化碳、氢气、氧气、氮气中任意一种或上述任意其组合。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的固体剂型的电解质，其特征在于，所述固体剂型选自片剂、粉剂、颗粒剂、丸剂，及胶囊中的任意一种。
  11. 一种固体剂型的电解质的制备方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    提供固体剂型的电解质的原料；
    烘焙并研磨所述原料；
    搅拌所述原料而形成一混合物；
    维持在小于等于50％湿度下挤压所述混合物，而得到所述固体剂型的电解质；
    其中，所述固体剂型的电解质在溶于所述水后形成至少一个pH 5-7的缓冲体系，所述固体剂型的电解质的原料包括：
    氯盐，具有20～90重量％，用于向水中提供氯离子；
    氢释放剂，具有5～50重量％，用于向所述水中缓释氢离子；
    助剂，具有0～40重量％。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的固体剂型的电解质的制备方法，其特征在于，所述烘焙的温度为40-90℃，和/或时间为0.5-48h。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的固体剂型的电解质的制备方法，其特征在于，所述原料在所述研磨后的粒径小于等于20目。
  14. 一种权利要求1～10任意一项所述的固体剂型的电解质在制备消毒液中的用途。
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