WO2022056972A1 - 一种直线电机 - Google Patents

一种直线电机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022056972A1
WO2022056972A1 PCT/CN2020/120630 CN2020120630W WO2022056972A1 WO 2022056972 A1 WO2022056972 A1 WO 2022056972A1 CN 2020120630 W CN2020120630 W CN 2020120630W WO 2022056972 A1 WO2022056972 A1 WO 2022056972A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
assembly
linear motor
scale
along
sliding seat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2020/120630
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郭顺
郑高伟
王洪兴
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AAC Technologies Holdings Shenzhen Co Ltd
AAC Technologies Holdings Nanjing Co Ltd
Original Assignee
AAC Acoustic Technologies Shenzhen Co Ltd
AAC Technologies Holdings Nanjing Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AAC Acoustic Technologies Shenzhen Co Ltd, AAC Technologies Holdings Nanjing Co Ltd filed Critical AAC Acoustic Technologies Shenzhen Co Ltd
Publication of WO2022056972A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022056972A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
    • H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
    • H02K11/21—Devices for sensing speed or position, or actuated thereby
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
    • H02K11/21—Devices for sensing speed or position, or actuated thereby
    • H02K11/22—Optical devices

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of motors, and in particular, to a linear motor.
  • the linear motor in the prior art generally uses the electromagnetic action between the primary component and the secondary component to output reciprocating motion in the linear direction, and also obtains the position information of the linear motor through the cooperation of the scale and the read head.
  • the linear motor in the prior art generally sets the scale and the read head on one side of the primary assembly and the secondary assembly, which results in that in the width direction of the linear motor (perpendicular to the direction of motion of the linear motor), the ,
  • the position sensing device composed of the reading head and the electromagnetic structure composed of the primary component and the secondary component occupy different width spaces respectively, resulting in a large width of the linear motor, which is not conducive to the miniaturization development trend of the linear motor.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a linear motor with a smaller width dimension.
  • the linear motor includes:
  • the sliding seat is arranged on the base and is enclosed with the base to form an installation cavity; the sliding seat and the base move relatively along the moving direction;
  • the read head is The head is arranged on one side of the primary assembly along the moving direction and is arranged side by side with the primary assembly, the scale is arranged on the side of the secondary assembly perpendicular to the moving direction, or The read head is arranged on a side of the secondary assembly along the moving direction and is arranged in parallel with the secondary assembly, and the scale is arranged on a side of the primary assembly that is perpendicular to the moving direction .
  • the primary assembly and the secondary assembly are disposed opposite and spaced apart along a first direction perpendicular to the moving direction, and the scale is disposed along the edge of the secondary assembly.
  • One side of the second direction or one side of the primary assembly along the second direction, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the moving direction, the scale and the reading The heads are opposed and spaced apart along the second direction.
  • the base includes a base plate and a side plate extending from the base plate toward the sliding seat, and the sliding seat and the side plate are movably connected.
  • the primary assembly is mounted on the sliding seat
  • the secondary assembly is mounted on the base plate
  • the read head is mounted on the sliding seat and extends along the sliding seat.
  • a projection of the first direction onto the secondary assembly falls at least partially within the secondary assembly
  • the scale is mounted on the substrate and is located on a side of the secondary assembly along the second direction.
  • the primary assembly is mounted on the base plate
  • the secondary assembly is mounted on the sliding seat
  • the read head is mounted on the base plate along the first
  • a projection of one direction onto the secondary assembly falls at least partially within the secondary assembly
  • the scale is mounted on the carriage and is located on a side of the secondary assembly along the second direction.
  • the scale is mounted on the sliding seat or the base plate through a scale mounting bracket, and the read head is mounted on the base plate or the sliding seat through a reading head mounting frame .
  • the primary assembly includes an iron core and windings arranged on the iron core.
  • the iron core includes a bottom wall and a plurality of vertical walls extending from the bottom wall toward the secondary assembly, and a plurality of the vertical walls are arranged at intervals, and in each A coil is wound on the vertical wall, and the coil forms the winding.
  • the secondary assembly includes a magnetic yoke and at least two magnets arranged on the magnetic yoke at intervals along the moving direction.
  • a guide rail is formed at one end of the side plate away from the base plate, and the sliding seat is movably connected to the side plate through the guide rail.
  • the beneficial effect of the present application is that the linear motor in the embodiment of the present application is optimized in terms of structural layout, and in the moving direction of the sliding seat or the base, the reading head is arranged on one side of the primary assembly along the moving direction and Arranged side by side with the primary component, the scale is arranged on the side of the secondary component perpendicular to the moving direction, or the read head is arranged on the side of the secondary component along the moving direction and arranged side by side with the secondary component, the scale is arranged On the side of the primary assembly that is perpendicular to the moving direction, for the linear motor as a whole, at least the read head, the primary assembly and the secondary assembly share a width space in the width direction, thereby reducing the width of the linear motor. , thereby reducing the overall size of the linear motor.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a linear motor in an embodiment of the application
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view along the A-A direction in Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a linear motor removing a sliding seat in an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a linear motor in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction B-B in FIG. 4 .
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a linear motor, the linear motor is optimized in the structural layout, and has a smaller width dimension than the traditional linear motor.
  • the linear motor includes a base 100 , a sliding seat 200 , an electromagnetic structure composed of a primary assembly 300 and a secondary assembly 400 , and an electromagnetic structure composed of a scale 500 and a read head 600 . position sensing device.
  • the sliding seat 200 is disposed on the base 100 and is enclosed with the base 100 to form an installation cavity 101; the sliding seat 200 and the base 100 move relatively along the moving direction Y, that is, the base 100 can move along the 200 can move along the moving direction Y, and the moving direction Y can be understood as the motion output direction of the linear motor, and the Y direction shown in FIG. 1 can be referred to here.
  • the electromagnetic structure is used to drive the base 100 or the carriage 200 to move.
  • one of the primary assembly 300 and the secondary assembly 400 is installed on the base 100 and the other is installed on the sliding seat 200 , and the primary assembly 300 is used to generate a traveling wave magnetic field and interact with the secondary assembly 400 To drive the sliding seat 200 or the base 100 to move linearly along the moving direction Y.
  • the position sensing device is used to monitor the moving distance of the carriage 200, so that the position information of the linear motor can be reflected in a timely manner.
  • the scale 500 and the read head 600 are disposed opposite to each other, one of the scale 500 and the read head 600 is mounted on the base 100, and the other is mounted on the slide 200, that is, the scale 500 and the read head One of the 600 moves with the base 100 or the sliding seat 200, and there will be relative movement between the scale 500 and the read head 600, so that the data information on the scale 500 can be read in time through the read head 600, that is, a straight line Position information of the motor.
  • the read head 600 is arranged on the side of the primary assembly 300 along the moving direction Y and is arranged side by side with the primary assembly 300, and the scale 500 is arranged on the side of the secondary assembly 400 that is perpendicular to the moving direction, Or the read head 600 is arranged on the side of the secondary assembly 400 along the moving direction Y and is arranged side by side with the secondary assembly 400 , and the scale 500 is arranged on the side of the primary assembly 300 perpendicular to the moving direction.
  • one side of the moving direction means that there is a front side and a rear side in the moving direction (here is only an example), and the primary assembly 300 and the read head 600 are in the moving direction Arranged along the front and back, in the same way, one side in the direction perpendicular to the moving direction (for example, the X direction in Figure 1) means that there are left and right sides in this direction (this is only an example), the second The stage assembly 400 and the scale 500 are arranged left and right along this direction.
  • Figure 1 shows a space rectangular coordinate system.
  • the Y-axis pointing is the moving direction (that is, the length direction hereinafter), and the aforementioned front and rear positional relationship is defined
  • the Z-axis is pointing to the direction of the
  • the X axis points to the second direction perpendicular to the moving direction (that is, the width direction hereinafter), and defines the aforementioned left-right positional relationship.
  • the moving direction, the first direction and the second direction are two.
  • the primary assembly 300 and the secondary assembly 400 are opposite and spaced apart along a first direction perpendicular to the moving direction, and the scale 500 is disposed on one side of the secondary assembly 400 along the second direction or on the edge of the primary assembly 300.
  • the scale 500 and the read head 600 are arranged opposite and spaced apart along the second direction.
  • the moving direction of the slide 200 is defined as the length direction, and the direction X perpendicular to the length direction is defined as the width direction.
  • the scale 500 is generally designed to be covered with the installation cavity 101 of the linear motor in the length direction. Therefore, for the entire linear motor, it can mainly be saved from its width direction (ie, the X-axis direction). space, it is obvious that the embodiments of the present application achieve this purpose.
  • the read head 600 in the moving direction of the base 100 or the carriage 200, is arranged on one side of the primary assembly 300 along the moving direction and is arranged side by side with the primary assembly 300, and the scale 500 is arranged on the secondary One side of the assembly 400 perpendicular to the moving direction, or the read head 600 is disposed on one side of the secondary assembly 400 along the moving direction and is arranged side by side with the secondary assembly 400, and the scale 500 is disposed on the side of the primary assembly 400 perpendicular to the moving direction One side of the direction, so that for the linear motor as a whole, at least the read head 600, the primary assembly 300 and the secondary assembly 400 will share a width space in the width direction, so that the width dimension of the linear motor can be reduced, thereby reducing the linear motor.
  • the overall size of the motor in the moving direction of the base 100 or the carriage 200.
  • the read head 600, the primary assembly 300 and the secondary assembly 400 share a width space in the width direction, which can provide the primary assembly 300 and/or the secondary assembly 400 with more space. More installation space, which is beneficial to improve the performance of the linear motor and make it have a larger thrust.
  • the base 100 has a guide rail 102
  • the sliding seat 200 is movably disposed on the guide rail 102 .
  • the base 100 includes a base plate 110 and a side plate 120 extending from the base plate 110 toward the sliding seat 200.
  • the sliding seat 200 and the side plate 120 are movably connected, and the base 100 is substantially in the shape of a In the concave-shaped structure, a guide rail 102 is formed at one end of the side plate 120 away from the bottom plate 110 .
  • a groove is formed at one end of the side plate 120 away from the bottom plate 110 .
  • the guide rail 102 can also be formed by other structures between the side plate 120 and the sliding seat 200 , for example, a first connecting member 1021 can be provided in the groove, and at the same time on both sides of the sliding seat 200 A second connecting piece 1022 is provided, and the first connecting piece 1021 can move in the groove. By connecting the second connecting piece 1022 to the first connecting piece 1021, the sliding seat 200 and the base 100 can be moved together. .
  • the side plate 120 is vertically extended from the two sides of the bottom plate 110, and the sliding seat 200 is designed to be A flat plate, at this time, the linear motor is in the shape of a cuboid as a whole.
  • the base 100 and the sliding seat 200 may adopt other structural shapes, and various designs of the movement cooperation between them may also be made.
  • the foregoing linear motor having a rectangular parallelepiped structure will be used as an example for description.
  • the primary assembly 300 is mounted on the carriage 200
  • the secondary assembly 400 is mounted on the base plate 110
  • the read head 600 is mounted on the carriage 200 and extends toward the carriage 200 along the first direction.
  • the projection of the secondary assembly 400 falls at least partially within the secondary assembly 400
  • the scale 500 is mounted on the substrate 110 on one side of the secondary assembly 400 along the second direction.
  • the read head 600 is mounted on the sliding seat 200 and the projection to the secondary assembly 400 along the first direction completely falls within the secondary assembly 400 .
  • the primary assembly 300 and the read head 600 move in a straight line with the carriage 200, while the secondary assembly 400 and the scale 500 remain fixed. Since the read head 600 is arranged in line with the primary assembly 300, The width dimension of the linear motor can be reduced, and the size of the linear motor can be made smaller.
  • the primary assembly 300 is mounted on the carriage 200
  • the secondary assembly 400 is mounted on the substrate 110
  • the read head 600 is mounted on the substrate 110 and at least partially falls in the projection of the primary assembly 300 along the first direction
  • the scale 600 is mounted on the carriage 200 and is located on one side of the primary assembly 300 along the second direction. More preferably, in order to make the linear motor narrower in the width direction, the read head 600 is mounted on the substrate 110 and the projection to the primary assembly 300 along the first direction completely falls within the primary assembly 300 .
  • the second embodiment changes the positional relationship between the scale 500 and the read head 600 .
  • the primary assembly 300 is mounted on the substrate 110
  • the secondary assembly 400 is mounted on the carriage 200
  • the read head 600 is mounted on the substrate 110 along the first direction toward the secondary
  • the projection of the assembly 400 falls completely at least partially within the secondary assembly 400
  • the scale 500 is mounted on the carriage 200 on the side of the secondary assembly 400 in the second direction. More preferably, in order to make the linear motor narrower in the width direction, the projection of the read head 600 mounted on the substrate 110 to the secondary assembly 400 along the first direction completely falls within the secondary assembly 400 ,
  • the third embodiment changes the positional relationship between the primary assembly 300 and the secondary assembly 400 .
  • the primary assembly 300 is mounted on the base plate 110
  • the secondary assembly 400 is mounted on the sliding seat 200
  • the read head 600 is mounted on the sliding seat 200 and at least partially falls in the projection to the primary assembly 300 along the first direction
  • the scale 500 is mounted on the substrate 110 and is located on one side of the primary assembly 300 along the second direction. More preferably, in order to make the linear motor narrower in the width direction, the projection of the read head 600 mounted on the carriage 200 to the primary assembly 300 along the first direction completely falls within the primary assembly 300 .
  • the fourth embodiment changes the positional relationship between the scale 500 and the read head 600 .
  • the linear motor further includes a scale mounting bracket 700 for installing the scale 500 and a scale mounting bracket 700 for installing the reading head.
  • a scale mounting bracket 700 for installing the scale 500
  • a scale mounting bracket 700 for installing the reading head.
  • One of the read head mount 800 , the scale mount 700 and the read head mount 800 of the head 600 is mounted on the base 100 , and the other is mounted on the carriage 200 .
  • the electromagnetic structure in order to make full use of the internal space of the linear motor and maximize its performance, and combined with the linear motion characteristics of the linear motor, when arranging the electromagnetic structure, it is advisable to make the electromagnetic structure full of installation cavities in the length direction, such as , the primary assembly 300 and the secondary assembly 400 can be disposed opposite to each other and extend along the moving direction of the sliding seat 200 .
  • the primary assembly 300 includes an iron core 310 and a winding 320 disposed on the iron core 310
  • the secondary assembly 400 includes a magnetic yoke 410 and a magnetic yoke 410 and spaced apart along the moving direction. At least two magnets 420 on the yoke 410 can form a magnetic field after the primary assembly 300 is energized, and the magnetic field can form an electromagnetic force with the secondary assembly 400 to push the sliding seat 200 to move on the base 100 .
  • the iron core 310 includes a bottom wall 311 and a plurality of vertical walls 312 extending from the bottom wall 311 toward the secondary assembly 400 .
  • a plurality of vertical walls 312 are spaced apart and arranged in parallel, and coils are wound on each of the vertical walls 312 , and the coils form windings 320 .
  • the iron core 310 of this structure has excellent magnetic permeability, and at the same time, more coils can be arranged on it, which is beneficial to form a larger electromagnetic force, so that the linear motor has a stronger driving force.
  • the linear motor in the embodiment of the present application is optimized in terms of structural layout.
  • the reading head is arranged on one side of the primary assembly along the moving direction and is parallel to the primary assembly.
  • the scale is arranged on the side of the secondary assembly perpendicular to the moving direction, or the read head is arranged on one side of the secondary assembly along the moving direction and is arranged side by side with the secondary assembly, and the scale is arranged on the side of the primary assembly.
  • One side perpendicular to the moving direction makes the linear motor as a whole, at least the read head, the primary component and the secondary component share a width space in its width direction, so that the width dimension of the linear motor can be reduced, thereby reducing the linear The overall size of the motor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Linear Motors (AREA)

Abstract

一种直线电机，包括基座（100）、滑座（200）、位于由基座（100）和滑座（200）围合形成的安装腔内的初级组件（300）和次级组件（400）以及位于所述安装腔内且相对设置的栅尺（500）和读头（600），所述栅尺（500）和所述读头（600）中的一个安装在所述基座（100）上，另一个安装在所述滑座（200）上，所述读头（600）设置在所述初级组件（300）的沿所述移动方向的一侧并与所述初级组件（300）并列排布，所述栅尺（500）设置在所述次级组件（400）的垂直于所述移动方向的一侧，或所述读头（600）设置在所述次级组件（400）的沿所述移动方向的一侧并与所述次级组件（400）并列排布，所述栅尺（500）设置在所述初级组件（300）的垂直于所述移动方向的一侧。该直线电机能够缩小直线电机的宽度尺寸，从而缩小直线电机的整体体型。

Description

一种直线电机 技术领域
本申请涉及电机技术领域，尤其涉及一种直线电机。
 背景技术
现有技术中的直线电机一般通过初级组件和次级组件之间的电磁作用来使其输出沿直线方向的往复运动，同时还通过栅尺和读头的配合来获取直线电机的位置信息。
 技术问题
现有技术中的直线电机一般将栅尺和读头设置在初级组件和次级组件的一侧，由此会导致在直线电机的宽度方向上（垂直于直线电机的运动方向），由栅尺、读头组成的位置传感装置和由初级组件、次级组件组成的电磁结构各自占用不同的宽度空间，致使直线电机的宽度尺寸较大，不利于直线电机的小型化发展趋势。
因此，有必要提供一种具有更小体型的直线电机。
 技术解决方案
本申请的目的在于提供一种宽度尺寸更小的直线电机。
根据本申请的实施例，该直线电机包括：
基座；
滑座，所述滑座设置在所述基座上并与所述基座围合形成安装腔；所述滑座与所述基座沿移动方向相对移动；
位于所述安装腔内的初级组件和次级组件，所述初级组件和所述次级组件中的一个安装在所述基座上，另一个安装在所述滑座上，所述初级组件用于产生行波磁场并与所述次级组件之间相互作用以驱使所述滑座或所述基座沿所述移动方向直线移动；
以及位于所述安装腔内且相对设置的栅尺和读头，所述栅尺和所述读头中的一个安装在所述基座上，另一个安装在所述滑座上，所述读头设置在所述初级组件的沿所述移动方向的一侧并与所述初级组件并列排布，所述栅尺设置在所述次级组件的垂直于所述移动方向的一侧，或所述读头设置在所述次级组件的沿所述移动方向的一侧并与所述次级组件并列排布，所述栅尺设置在所述初级组件的垂直于所述移动方向的一侧。
作为所述直线电机的进一步可选方案，所述初级组件和所述次级组件沿垂直于所述移动方向的第一方向相对且间隔设置，所述栅尺设置在所述次级组件的沿第二方向的一侧或设置在所述初级组件的沿所述第二方向的一侧，所述第二方向垂直于所述第一方向和所述移动方向，所述栅尺和所述读头沿所述第二方向相对且间隔设置。
作为所述直线电机的进一步可选方案，所述基座包括基板和自所述基板向靠近所述滑座延伸而出的侧板，所述滑座与所述侧板可移动连接。
作为所述直线电机的进一步可选方案，所述初级组件安装在所述滑座上，所述次级组件安装在所述基板上，所述读头安装在所述滑座上且沿所述第一方向向所述次级组件的投影至少部分落于所述次级组件内，所述栅尺安装在所述基板上且位于所述次级组件的沿所述第二方向的一侧。
作为所述直线电机的进一步可选方案，所述初级组件安装在所述基板上，所述次级组件安装在所述滑座上，所述读头安装在所述基板上且沿所述第一方向向所述次级组件的投影至少部分落于所述次级组件内，所述栅尺安装在所述滑座上且位于所述次级组件的沿所述第二方向的一侧。
作为所述直线电机的进一步可选方案，所述栅尺通过栅尺安装架安装于所述滑座或所述基板，所述读头通过读头安装架安装于所述基板或所述滑座。
作为所述直线电机的进一步可选方案，所述初级组件包括铁芯和设置在所述铁芯上的绕组。
作为所述直线电机的进一步可选方案，所述铁芯包括底壁和自所述底壁向靠近所述次级组件延伸而出的多个立壁，多个所述立壁间隔设置，在每个所述立壁上缠绕有线圈，所述线圈形成所述绕组。
作为所述直线电机的进一步可选方案，所述次级组件包括磁轭和沿所述移动方向间隔设置在所述磁轭上的至少两个磁体。
作为所述直线电机的进一步可选方案，所述侧板远离所述基板的一端形成有导轨，所述滑座通过所述导轨与所述侧板可移动连接。
 有益效果
本申请的有益效果在于：本申请实施例中的直线电机，其在结构布局上进行了优化，在滑座或基座的移动方向上，读头设置在初级组件的沿移动方向的一侧并与初级组件并列排布，栅尺设置在次级组件的垂直于移动方向的一侧，或读头设置在次级组件的沿移动方向的一侧并与次级组件并列排布，栅尺设置在初级组件的垂直于移动方向的一侧，使得对于直线电机整体而言，至少读头、初级组件和次级组件在其宽度方向上会共用一段宽度空间，由此能够缩小直线电机的宽度尺寸，从而缩小直线电机的整体体型。
 附图说明
图1为本申请一实施例中的直线电机的结构示意图；
图2为图1中沿A-A方向的剖视图；
图3为本申请一实施例中的直线电机去除滑座的结构示意图；
图4为本申请另一实施例中的直线电机的结构示意图；
图5为图4中沿B-B方向的剖视图。
主要元件符号说明：
100-基座；200-滑座；300-初级组件；400-次级组件；500-栅尺；600-读头；700-栅尺安装架；800-读头安装架；101-安装腔；102-导轨；110-底板；120-侧板；310-铁芯；320-绕组；410-磁轭；420-磁体；311-底壁；312-立壁；1021-第一连接件；1022-第二连接件。
 本发明的实施方式
下面结合附图和实施方式对本申请作进一步说明。
本申请实施例提供了一种直线电机，该直线电机在结构布局上进行了优化设计，使其较之传统的直线电机具有更小的宽度尺寸。
在本申请实施例中，请参考图1-2，该直线电机包括基座100、滑座200、由初级组件300和次级组件400构成的电磁结构以及由栅尺500和读头600构成的位置传感装置。
该滑座200设置在基座100上并与基座100围合形成安装腔101；滑座200与基座100沿移动方向Y相对移动，即基座100可沿移动方向Y移动，或滑座200可沿移动方向Y移动，该移动方向Y可以理解成直线电机的运动输出方向，此处可参考图1所示Y方向。
该电磁结构用于驱动基座100或滑座200移动。具体而言，初级组件300和次级组件400中的一个安装在基座100上，另一个安装在滑座200上，初级组件300用于产生行波磁场并与次级组件400之间相互作用以驱使滑座200或基座100沿移动方向Y直线移动。
该位置传感装置用于监控滑座200的移动距离，使直线电机的位置信息可被适时地反映出来。具体而言，栅尺500和读头600相对设置，栅尺500和读头600中的一个安装在基座100上，另一个安装在滑座200上，也就是说，栅尺500和读头600中有一个随基座100或滑座200移动，栅尺500和读头600之间会发生相对移动，由此通过读头600适时地读取栅尺500上的数据信息，即可或者直线电机的位置信息。
在本申请实施例中，读头600设置在初级组件300的沿移动方向Y的一侧并与初级组件300并列排布，栅尺500设置在次级组件400的垂直于移动方向的一侧，或读头600设置在次级组件400的沿移动方向Y的一侧并与次级组件400并列排布，栅尺500设置在初级组件300的垂直于移动方向的一侧。
此处需要理解，请参考图1，在移动方向的一侧是指，在该移动方向上具有前侧和后侧（此处仅举例说明），初级组件300和读头600在该移动方向上沿前后排布，同理，在与该移动方向垂直的方向（例如图1中的X方向）的一侧是指，在该方向上具有左侧有右侧（此处仅举例说明），次级组件400和栅尺500沿该方向左右排布。
为了更加清楚地理解前述移动方向、与移动方向垂直的方向以及直线电机的各个组成部分之间的位置关系，下面结合图1所标识的方位具体说明。
在图1中显示有空间直角坐标系，在该空间直角坐标系中，其Y轴指向即为移动方向（即下文中的长度方向），同时限定出前述前后位置关系，Z轴指向为与该移动方向垂直的第一方向，X轴指向为与该移动方向垂直的第二方向（即下文中的宽度方向），并限定出前述左右位置关系，显然移动方向、第一方向和第二方向两两垂直，初级组件300和次级组件400沿垂直于移动方向的第一方向相对且间隔设置，栅尺500设置在次级组件400的沿第二方向的一侧或设置在初级组件300的沿所述第二方向的一侧，栅尺500和读头600沿第二方向相对且间隔设置。
定义滑座200的移动方向为长度方向，定义与该长度方向垂直的方向X为宽度方向，一般而言，由于栅尺500和读头600是需要对直线电机的运动全程进行监控的，同时为了充分利用直线电机的安装腔101，栅尺500一般设计成在长度方向上布满直线电机的安装腔101，因此对整个直线电机而言，主要可以从其宽度方向（即X轴方向）上节省空间，显然本申请实施例实现了该目的。
本申请实施例通过在基座100或滑座200的移动方向上，将读头600设置在初级组件300的沿移动方向的一侧并与初级组件300并列排布，栅尺500设置在次级组件400的垂直于移动方向的一侧，或读头600设置在次级组件400的沿移动方向的一侧并与次级组件400并列排布，栅尺500设置在初级组件400的垂直于移动方向的一侧，使得对于直线电机整体而言，至少读头600、初级组件300和次级组件400在其宽度方向上会共用一段宽度空间，由此能够缩小直线电机的宽度尺寸，从而缩小直线电机的整体体型。
另一方面，在宽度尺寸不变的情况下，使读头600、初级组件300和次级组件400在其宽度方向上共用一段宽度空间，可以为初级组件300和/或次级组件400提供更多的安置空间，这有利于提高直线电机的性能，使其具有更大的推力。
在一种实施例中，请参考图1-3，基座100具有导轨102，滑座200移动设置在导轨102上。
在一种具体的实施例中，基座100包括基板110和自该基板110向靠近滑座200延伸而出的侧板120，滑座200和侧板120可移动连接，该基座100大致呈凹字形结构，该侧板120的远离底板110的一端形成有导轨102。
更具体地说，该侧板120远离底板110的一端形成有凹槽，滑座200的两侧分别配合在侧板的凹槽内，由此实现滑座200和基座100的移动配合。
当然，在其他具体的实施例中，导轨102还可以通过侧板120和滑座200之间的其他结构形成，例如可以在凹槽内设置第一连接件1021，同时在滑座200的两侧设置第二连接件1022，该第一连接件1021能够在凹槽内移动，通过将第二连接件1022连接到该第一连接件1021上，即可实现滑座200和基座100的移动配合。
在一些更加具体的实施例中，为使直线电机在结构上更加紧凑，并保证其具有顺滑的外观，侧板120自底板110的两侧边缘垂直延伸而成，同时滑座200被设计成一块平板件，此时直线电机在整体上呈长方体结构。
当然，在其他实施例中，基座100和滑座200可以采用其他结构造型，并且他们之间的移动配合方式也可以作出多种设计。当为了便于理解和描述，下文将以前述呈长方体结构的直线电机为例进行说明。
在第一种实施例中，请参考图1-2，初级组件300安装在滑座200上，次级组件400安装在基板110上，读头600安装在滑座200上且沿第一方向向次级组件400的投影至少部分落于次级组件400内，栅尺500安装在基板110上且位于次级组件400的沿第二方向的一侧。更优的，为了使得直线电机在宽度方向上更窄，读头600安装在滑座200上且沿第一方向向次级组件400的投影完全落于次级组件400内。
此时可以理解，初级组件300和读头600一同随滑座200沿直线移动，而次级组件400和栅尺500则保持固定，由于将读头600设置成和初级组件300一字排开，能够缩减直线电机的宽度尺寸，使直线电机的体型变得更小。
在第二种实施例中，初级组件300安装在滑座200上，次级组件400安装在基板110上，读头600安装在基板110上且沿第一方向向初级组件300的投影至少部分落于初级组件300内，栅尺600安装在滑座200上且位于初级组件300的沿第二方向的一侧。更优的，为了使得直线电机在宽度方向上更窄，读头600安装在基板110上且沿第一方向向初级组件300的投影完全落于初级组件300内。
与前述第一种实施例相比，该第二种实施例更换了栅尺500和读头600的位置关系。
在第三种实施例中，请参考图3-4，初级组件300安装在基板110上，次级组件400安装在滑座200上，读头600安装在基板110上沿第一方向向次级组件400的投影完全至少部分落于次级组件400内，栅尺500安装在滑座200上且位于次级组件400的沿第二方向的一侧。更优的，为了使得直线电机在宽度方向上更窄，读头600安装在基板110上沿第一方向向次级组件400的投影完全落于次级组件400内，
与前述第一种实施例和第二种实施例相比，该第三种实施例更换了初级组件300和次级组件400的位置关系。
在第四种实施例中，初级组件300安装在基板110上，次级组件400安装在滑座200上，读头600安装在滑座200上沿第一方向向初级组件300的投影至少部分落于初级组件300内，栅尺500安装在基板110上且位于初级组件300的沿第二方向的一侧。更优的，为了使得直线电机在宽度方向上更窄，读头600安装在滑座200上沿第一方向向初级组件300的投影完全落于初级组件300内。
与前述第三种实施例相比，该第四种实施例更换了栅尺500和读头600的位置关系。
在前述所列实施例中，为便于栅尺500和读头600的安装，使两者能够更好地对应，直线电机还包括用于安装栅尺500的栅尺安装架700和用于安装读头600的读头安装架800，栅尺安装架700和读头安装架800中的一个安装在基座100上，另一个安装在滑座200上。
接前文所述，为充分利用直线电机的内部空间，并使其性能最大化，同时结合直线电机的直线运动特点，在布置电磁结构时，宜使电磁结构在长度方向上布满安装腔，例如，可使初级组件300和次级组件400相对设置且沿滑座200的移动方向延伸。
在一种具体的实施例中，请参考图1-2，初级组件300包括铁芯310和设置在铁芯310上的绕组320，次级组件400包括磁轭410和沿移动方向间隔设置在磁轭410上的至少两个磁体420，此时该初级组件300在通电后即可形成磁场，该磁场能够同次级组件400之间形成电磁力，从而推动滑座200在基座100上移动。
在一种更加具体的实施例中，请参考图1-2，铁芯310包括底壁311和自底壁311向靠近次级组件400延伸而出的多个立壁312，在滑座200的移动方向上，多个立壁312间隔且平行设置，在每个立壁312上缠绕有线圈，线圈形成绕组320。
该结构形式的铁芯310具有优良的导磁能力，同时也可以在其上设置更多的线圈，有利于形成更大的电磁力，从而使直线电机具有更强的推动力。
综上，本申请实施例中的直线电机，其在结构布局上进行了优化，在滑座或基座的移动方向上，读头设置在初级组件的沿移动方向的一侧并与初级组件并列排布，栅尺设置在次级组件的垂直于移动方向的一侧，或读头设置在次级组件的沿移动方向的一侧并与次级组件并列排布，栅尺设置在初级组件的垂直于移动方向的一侧，使得对于直线电机整体而言，至少读头、初级组件和次级组件在其宽度方向上会共用一段宽度空间，由此能够缩小直线电机的宽度尺寸，从而缩小直线电机的整体体型。
以上所述的仅是本申请的实施方式，在此应当指出，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请创造构思的前提下，还可以做出改进，但这些均属于本申请的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种直线电机，其特征在于，包括：
    基座；
    滑座，所述滑座设置在所述基座上并与所述基座围合形成安装腔；所述滑座与所述基座沿移动方向相对移动；
    位于所述安装腔内的初级组件和次级组件，所述初级组件和所述次级组件中的一个安装在所述基座上，另一个安装在所述滑座上，所述初级组件用于产生行波磁场并与所述次级组件之间相互作用以驱使所述滑座或所述基座沿所述移动方向直线移动；
    以及位于所述安装腔内且相对设置的栅尺和读头，所述栅尺和所述读头中的一个安装在所述基座上，另一个安装在所述滑座上，所述读头设置在所述初级组件的沿所述移动方向的一侧并与所述初级组件并列排布，所述栅尺设置在所述次级组件的垂直于所述移动方向的一侧，或所述读头设置在所述次级组件的沿所述移动方向的一侧并与所述次级组件并列排布，所述栅尺设置在所述初级组件的垂直于所述移动方向的一侧。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述初级组件和所述次级组件沿垂直于所述移动方向的第一方向相对且间隔设置，所述栅尺设置在所述次级组件的沿第二方向的一侧或设置在所述初级组件的沿所述第二方向的一侧，所述第二方向垂直于所述第一方向和所述移动方向，所述栅尺和所述读头沿所述第二方向相对且间隔设置。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述基座包括基板和自所述基板向靠近所述滑座延伸而出的侧板，所述滑座与所述侧板可移动连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述初级组件安装在所述滑座上，所述次级组件安装在所述基板上，所述读头安装在所述滑座上且沿所述第一方向向所述次级组件的投影至少部分落于所述次级组件内，所述栅尺安装在所述基板上且位于所述次级组件的沿所述第二方向的一侧。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述初级组件安装在所述基板上，所述次级组件安装在所述滑座上，所述读头安装在所述基板上且沿所述第一方向向所述次级组件的投影至少部分落于所述次级组件内，所述栅尺安装在所述滑座上且位于所述次级组件的沿所述第二方向的一侧。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述栅尺通过栅尺安装架安装于所述滑座或所述基板，所述读头通过读头安装架安装于所述基板或所述滑座。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述初级组件包括铁芯和设置在所述铁芯上的绕组。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述铁芯包括底壁和自所述底壁向靠近所述次级组件延伸而出的多个立壁，多个所述立壁间隔设置，在每个所述立壁上缠绕有线圈，所述线圈形成所述绕组。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述次级组件包括磁轭和沿所述移动方向间隔设置在所述磁轭上的至少两个磁体。
  10. 根据权利要求3所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述侧板远离所述基板的一端形成有导轨，所述滑座通过所述导轨与所述侧板可移动连接。
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