WO2022052667A1 - 一种无线充电设备、对位方法、系统及充电底座 - Google Patents

一种无线充电设备、对位方法、系统及充电底座 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2022052667A1
WO2022052667A1 PCT/CN2021/110193 CN2021110193W WO2022052667A1 WO 2022052667 A1 WO2022052667 A1 WO 2022052667A1 CN 2021110193 W CN2021110193 W CN 2021110193W WO 2022052667 A1 WO2022052667 A1 WO 2022052667A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transmitting coil
wireless charging
coil
inductance
self
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/110193
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴东昊
吴宝善
Original Assignee
华为数字能源技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为数字能源技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为数字能源技术有限公司
Priority to EP21865723.7A priority Critical patent/EP4156454A4/en
Publication of WO2022052667A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022052667A1/zh
Priority to US18/086,278 priority patent/US20230127150A1/en

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/005—Mechanical details of housing or structure aiming to accommodate the power transfer means, e.g. mechanical integration of coils, antennas or transducers into emitting or receiving devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/60—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power responsive to the presence of foreign objects, e.g. detection of living beings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/90—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/36—Means for starting or stopping converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/01—Resonant DC/DC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33561—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having more than one ouput with independent control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33573—Full-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/043—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using transformers or inductors only
    • H04B5/72—
    • H04B5/79—
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/40—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices
    • H02J50/402—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices the two or more transmitting or the two or more receiving devices being integrated in the same unit, e.g. power mats with several coils or antennas with several sub-antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/80—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00034—Charger exchanging data with an electronic device, i.e. telephone, whose internal battery is under charge
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of wireless charging, and in particular, to a wireless charging device, an alignment method, a system, and a charging base.
  • Wireless charging technology uses conductive media such as electric field, magnetic field, microwave or laser to realize wireless transmission of electric energy. Due to its advantages of no wire limitation and no plugging and unplugging, it is currently used in electronic equipment. more extensive.
  • the electronic devices may be mobile phones, wearable devices, and the like.
  • the wireless charging device includes a transmitting coil, and the electronic device includes a receiving coil.
  • the wireless transmission of electrical energy is realized through electromagnetic field coupling between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil.
  • the transmitting coil and the receiving coil need to be located within a certain spatial distance.
  • the positional deviation between the transmitting coil in the wireless charging device and the receiving coil in the mobile phone is generally required to be less than 10mm. If the positional deviation of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil is too large, wireless charging cannot be achieved. If the deviation is small, wireless charging can be achieved, but because of the existence of the deviation, the charging efficiency will also be affected.
  • the automatic alignment solution provided by the prior art is to add a layer of small coil matrix to the transmitting coil, and use the small coil matrix to perform position detection.
  • the small coil matrix can identify the position of the receiving coil, so as to move the transmitting coil and realize the alignment of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil.
  • the small coil matrix itself belongs to metal, which will cause inaccurate detection of foreign objects when detecting foreign objects between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil.
  • the present application provides a wireless charging device, an alignment method, a system and a charging base, which can realize the automatic alignment of the wireless charging device and the electronic device without causing additional loss or affecting foreign objects. detection accuracy.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a wireless charging device, which is used to wirelessly charge electronic devices such as mobile phones or wearable devices.
  • the receiving coil When the receiving coil is deviated from the transmitting coil, it is aligned with the receiving coil by controlling the movement of the transmitting coil.
  • the positional deviation between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil Based on the monotonic relationship between the positional deviation between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil and the self-inductance of the transmitting coil, the larger the positional deviation, the smaller the self-inductance of the transmitting coil; the positional deviation between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil is related to the resonant frequency of the resonant network. There is a monotonic relationship, the greater the position deviation, the greater the resonance frequency.
  • the position alignment of the transmitting coil can be realized according to the self-inductance or the resonant frequency of the transmitting coil. That is, the moving direction of the alignment can be found according to the self-inductance or resonant frequency of the transmitting coil, and the controller controls the transmitting coil to move according to the moving direction, so that the positional deviation between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil becomes smaller and smaller.
  • the wireless charging device provided in this embodiment does not need to increase the coil matrix, so it does not bring additional losses and does not affect the accuracy of foreign object detection.
  • the wireless charging device can realize the automatic alignment of the transmitting coil only by relying on the controller, realize the adjustment of the relative position between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, and prepare for wireless charging. Since the wireless charging device can realize automatic alignment, the degree of freedom of the wireless charging device to wirelessly charge the electronic device can be improved, and the user's sense of experience can be improved.
  • the wireless charging device includes: a resonant network, an inverter circuit and a controller; the resonant network includes a resonant capacitor and a transmitting coil; the input end of the inverter circuit is connected to the DC power supply, and the output end of the inverter circuit is connected to the resonant network;
  • the self-inductance of the transmitting coil or the resonant frequency of the resonant network determines the moving direction of the transmitting coil, and the moving direction of the transmitting coil is controlled according to the moving direction of the transmitting coil, so that the wireless charging device and the electronic device are connected to each other. Alignment; the self-inductance of the transmitting coil increases along the moving direction of the transmitting coil, and the resonance frequency decreases along the moving direction of the transmitting coil.
  • the wireless charging device further includes: an alignment mechanism; the alignment mechanism drives the transmitting coil to move along the moving direction under the control of the controller.
  • the alignment mechanism at least includes: an electric drive part, a first guide rail and a second guide rail; the first guide rail and the second guide rail are perpendicular to each other; the electric drive part is used to drive the transmitting coil moving along the first guide rail and the second guide rail; the controller is used for controlling the electric driving part to move the transmitting coil along the moving direction.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit the implementation form of the electric drive component, for example, it may be a motor, supply power to the motor, and the controller controls the rotation direction and rotational speed of the motor.
  • the electric drive component may be a motor, supply power to the motor, and the controller controls the rotation direction and rotational speed of the motor.
  • two motors may be included, a first motor and a second motor, wherein the first motor drives the transmitter coil to move along the first rail and the second motor drives the transmitter coil to move along the second rail.
  • the controller determines the moving direction of the transmitting coil according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil or the resonant frequency of the resonant network. Especially in the non-communicable area, it is necessary to determine the moving direction according to the self-inductance or resonance frequency.
  • the non-communicable area refers to the area where the ping cannot be started, and the communicable area refers to the ping-enabled area.
  • the controller can also determine the moving direction according to other charging parameters, which will be described in detail later.
  • an implementation method is the center movement method, that is, the controller controls the transmitting coil to take the initial position as the center and move around the center to obtain the maximum direction of the self-inductance of the transmitting coil during the moving process of the transmitting coil.
  • the self-inductance maximum direction is the moving direction.
  • the movement around the circumference may be uniform movement around the circumference, spiral movement around the circumference, or uneven movement around the center, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • a circular movement can be used to control the transmitting coil, that is, the controller controls the transmitting coil to move on a circle with a preset radius with the initial position as the center, and obtain the The direction of maximum self-inductance of the transmitting coil.
  • the preset radius can be selected according to the distance moved and the speed of the movement.
  • the preset radius can also be set according to the alignment time. If the alignment time is required to be shorter, the preset radius can be slightly larger, and vice versa.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the number of sampling points when moving on the circumference, and can be selected according to the alignment time and the calculation accuracy.
  • three vertices of the triangle can be used to move, that is, each iteration only considers the size of the self-inductance of the transmitting coil at the three vertices of the triangle.
  • the controller controls the transmitting coil to take the initial position as the starting point, and move to the first point and the second point respectively around the starting point, the starting point, the first point and the second point form a triangle, according to the first point
  • the moving direction is determined by the self-inductance of the transmitting coil corresponding to the point and the second point respectively.
  • the three vertices of the right triangle can be used to move, that is, the self-inductance of the transmitting coil at the three vertices of the right triangle is sampled each iteration, according to the three vertices of the right triangle.
  • the size of the self-inductance of the transmitting coil of the vertex determines the next moving direction. Since the trigonometric functions corresponding to each angle of a right-angled triangle are easy to calculate, adopting a right-angled triangle can reduce the calculation difficulty. That is, the starting point is the common vertex of the two right-angled sides of the right triangle, and the first point and the second point are the other two vertexes of the two right-angled sides, respectively.
  • the controller is used to determine the moving direction according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil or the resonant frequency of the resonant network in the non-communicable area; when the wireless charging device and the electronic device are in the communicable area, the charging The parameter determines the direction of movement; the charging parameter exhibits a monotonic variation along the direction of movement determined by the charging parameter.
  • the monotonically increasing movement of the charging parameter along the movement direction determined by the charging parameter includes at least one of the following:
  • the charging parameter monotonically decreasing with the movement of the moving direction includes at least one of the following: the current of the transmitting coil and the input voltage of the inverter circuit.
  • the controller in the wireless charging device can determine whether to enter the communicable area by whether it receives a data packet sent by the electronic device. That is, when the controller does not receive the data packet sent by the electronic device, and the self-inductance of the transmitting coil is greater than the preset threshold, the controller determines that the wireless charging device and the electronic device are in a non-communicable area.
  • the self-inductance of the transmitting coil is greater than the preset threshold, it is relative to the self-inductance when there is no electronic device.
  • the controller is further configured to obtain the self-inductance of the transmitting coil according to the resonant frequency of the resonant network and the resonant capacitance of the resonant network.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides an alignment method for wireless charging, which is applied to a wireless charging device.
  • the wireless charging device is used to wirelessly charge electronic devices such as mobile phones or wearable devices.
  • the wireless charging device can be placed in the wireless charging device when the electronic device is placed
  • the position on the device is relatively biased, so that when the receiving coil in the electronic device deviates from the transmitting coil, the transmitting coil is controlled to move and align with the receiving coil.
  • the positional deviation between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil is related to the resonant frequency of the resonant network.
  • the position alignment of the transmitting coil can be realized according to the self-inductance or the resonant frequency of the transmitting coil. That is, the moving direction of the alignment can be found according to the self-inductance or resonant frequency of the transmitting coil, and the controller controls the transmitting coil to move according to the moving direction, so that the positional deviation between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil becomes smaller and smaller.
  • the wireless charging device includes: a resonant network, an inverter circuit and a controller; the resonant network includes a resonant capacitor and a transmitting coil; an input end of the inverter circuit is used to connect a DC power supply, and an output end of the inverter circuit
  • the method includes: obtaining the self-inductance of the transmitting coil or the resonant frequency of the resonant network; determining the self-inductance of the transmitting coil or the resonant frequency of the resonant network Movement direction; control the movement of the transmission coil according to the movement direction of the transmission coil, so that the wireless charging device and the electronic device are aligned; the self-inductance of the transmission coil is along the movement direction of the transmission coil increases, the resonant frequency decreases along the moving direction of the transmitting coil.
  • the wireless charging device can realize the automatic alignment of the transmitting coil only by relying on the controller, realize the adjustment of the relative position between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, and prepare for wireless charging. Since the wireless charging device can realize automatic alignment, the degree of freedom of the wireless charging device to wirelessly charge the electronic device can be improved, and the user's sense of experience can be improved.
  • determining the moving direction of the transmitting coil according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil or the resonant frequency of the resonant network specifically includes: when the wireless charging device is at least in a non-communicable area, determining the moving direction of the transmitting coil according to the The self-inductance of the resonant network or the resonant frequency of the resonant network determines the direction of movement of the transmitting coil.
  • an implementation method is the center movement method.
  • the movement around the circumference may be uniform movement around the circumference, spiral movement around the circumference, or uneven movement around the center, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • Determining the moving direction of the transmitting coil according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil specifically includes: controlling the transmitting coil to take an initial position as the center to move around the center, and obtaining the transmitting coil during the movement of the transmitting coil.
  • the maximum direction of the self-inductance of the coil, and the maximum direction of the self-inductance of the transmitting coil is the moving direction.
  • a circular movement can be used to control the transmitting coil
  • the controlling the transmitting coil to take the initial position as the center to move around the center specifically includes: controlling the transmitting coil to take the initial position as the center, and at a preset time move on the circumference of the radius.
  • the preset radius can be selected according to the distance moved and the speed of the movement.
  • the preset radius can also be set according to the alignment time. If the alignment time is required to be shorter, the preset radius can be slightly larger, and vice versa.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the number of sampling points when moving on the circumference, and can be selected according to the alignment time and the calculation accuracy.
  • Determining the moving direction of the transmitting coil according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil specifically includes: controlling the transmitting coil to take an initial position as a starting point, and move to a first point and a second point around the starting point, respectively.
  • the starting point, the first point and the second point form a triangle, and the moving direction is determined according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil corresponding to the first point and the second point respectively.
  • the three vertices of the right triangle can be used to move, that is, the self-inductance of the transmitting coil at the three vertices of the right triangle is sampled each iteration, according to the three vertices of the right triangle.
  • the size of the self-inductance of the transmitting coil of the vertex determines the next moving direction. Since the trigonometric functions corresponding to each angle of a right-angled triangle are easy to calculate, adopting a right-angled triangle can reduce the calculation difficulty.
  • the starting point is the common vertex of the two right-angled sides of the right triangle, and the first point and the second point are the other two vertexes of the two right-angled sides, respectively.
  • determining the moving direction according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil or the resonant frequency of the resonant network further comprising: when the wireless charging device and the electronic device are in a communicable state In the region, the moving direction is determined by the charging parameter; the charging parameter exhibits a monotonous change along the moving direction determined by the charging parameter.
  • the charging parameters exhibiting a monotonically increase along the moving direction determined by the charging parameters include at least one of the following: self-inductance of the transmitting coil, charging frequency, charging efficiency, and a rectifier circuit in the electronic device output voltage, the product of the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the AC impedance of the transmitting coil, the mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil , the mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil, the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil, and the open-circuit voltage of the auxiliary coil in the electronic device;
  • the moving direction determined by the charging parameter exhibits monotonically decreasing at least one of the following items: the current of the transmitting coil and the input voltage of the inverter circuit.
  • the method further includes: when the data packet sent by the electronic device is not received and the self-inductance of the transmitting coil is greater than a preset threshold, judging that the wireless charging device and the electronic device are in a non-communicable area.
  • the method further includes: obtaining the self-inductance of the transmitting coil according to the resonant frequency of the resonant network and the resonant capacitance of the resonant network.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a wireless charging system, which is characterized in that it includes the wireless charging device described above, and also includes an electronic device; the electronic device includes: a receiving coil and a rectifier circuit; the wireless charging device is used for charging The electronic device is wirelessly charged.
  • the electronic device may be a mobile phone or a wearable device or the like.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a wireless charging base, such as wireless charging for a mobile phone or a wearable device, such as a Bluetooth headset or a phone watch, etc., including: a power interface, a resonant network, an inverter circuit, a controller, The transmitting coil chassis and the alignment guide rail; the power interface is used to connect the DC power transmitted by the adapter; the resonant network includes a resonant capacitor and a transmitting coil; the transmitting coil chassis is used for placing the transmitting coil; the inverter The input end of the circuit is used to connect to the power interface, and the output end of the inverter circuit is used to connect to the resonant network; the controller is used to connect to the resonant network according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil or the resonance of the resonant network The frequency determines the moving direction of the transmitting coil, and controls the transmitting coil chassis to move on the alignment guide according to the moving direction of the transmitting coil, so that the wireless charging device and the
  • the wireless charging base provided in this embodiment can determine the moving direction according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil or the resonant frequency of the resonant network, and then control the transmitting coil to move along the moving direction, so that the self-inductance of the transmitting coil increases with the moving direction, The resonant frequency decreases with the moving direction, so that the transmitter coil and the receiver coil can be aligned. Since the wireless charging base can automatically control the movement of the transmitting coil and realize the alignment with the receiving coil in the electronic device with the wireless charging function such as the mobile phone, the degree of freedom of wireless charging with the electronic device is expanded, and the need for the user to place the mobile phone is reduced. Accuracy requirements improve user experience.
  • the alignment guide rail at least comprises: a first guide rail and a second guide rail whose projections on the horizontal plane are perpendicular to each other; further comprising: an electric driving part; the electric driving part is used for driving the transmitting coil along the The first guide rail and the second guide rail move; the controller is used for controlling the electric driving component to move the transmitting coil along the moving direction.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit the implementation form of the electric drive component, for example, it may be a motor, supply power to the motor, and the controller controls the rotation direction and rotational speed of the motor.
  • the electric drive component may be a motor, supply power to the motor, and the controller controls the rotation direction and rotational speed of the motor.
  • two motors may be included, a first motor and a second motor, wherein the first motor drives the transmitter coil to move along the first rail and the second motor drives the transmitter coil to move along the second rail.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit the specific form of the charging base.
  • the wireless charging base may be disc-shaped, and correspondingly, the transmitting coil is disc-shaped.
  • the positional deviation between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil is related to the resonant frequency of the resonant network.
  • the greater the position deviation the greater the resonance frequency. Therefore, the position alignment of the transmitting coil can be realized according to the self-inductance or the resonant frequency of the transmitting coil.
  • the moving direction of the alignment can be found according to the self-inductance or resonant frequency of the transmitting coil, and the controller controls the transmitting coil to move according to the moving direction, so that the positional deviation between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil becomes smaller and smaller.
  • the wireless charging device provided in this embodiment does not need to increase the coil matrix, so it does not bring additional losses and does not affect the accuracy of foreign object detection.
  • the wireless charging device can realize the automatic alignment of the transmitting coil only by relying on the controller, realize the adjustment of the relative position between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, and prepare for wireless charging. Since the wireless charging device can realize automatic alignment, the degree of freedom of the wireless charging device to wirelessly charge the electronic device can be improved, and the user's sense of experience can be improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wireless charging system provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device in Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a wireless charging system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a wireless charging device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Question 5A is a schematic diagram of another wireless charging device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5B is a relationship diagram between the self-inductance and the deviation of the transmitting coil provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph of voltage oscillation of a transmitting coil provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a transmitting coil moving according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another transmission coil movement provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of still another transmission coil moving according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of another transmission coil movement provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of still another transmission coil movement provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of still another wireless charging system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of another wireless charging system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 16 is a flowchart of another alignment method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 17 is a flowchart of yet another alignment method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a wireless charging system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of an alignment structure provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • directional terms such as “upper” and “lower” may include, but are not limited to, definitions relative to the schematic placement of components in the drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms may be relative concepts, They are used for relative description and clarification, which may vary accordingly depending on the orientation in which the components are placed in the drawings.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense.
  • connection may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated body; it may be directly connected, or Can be indirectly connected through an intermediary.
  • coupled may be a manner of electrical connection that enables signal transmission.
  • Coupling can be a direct electrical connection or an indirect electrical connection through an intermediate medium.
  • the electronic device may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer (pad), a computer with a wireless transceiver function, a smart wearable product (for example, a smart watch, a smart bracelet, a headset, etc. ), virtual reality (VR) terminal devices, augmented reality (AR) terminal devices, etc. have wireless devices.
  • the above-mentioned electronic devices may also be electronic products such as wirelessly charged electric vehicles, wirelessly charged household appliances (eg, soymilk maker, sweeping robot), and unmanned aerial vehicles.
  • the following first introduces an application scenario of wireless charging of electronic devices, taking the electronic device as a mobile phone as an example for introduction.
  • FIG. 1 this figure is a schematic diagram of a wireless charging system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the wireless charging device is a wireless charger 02
  • the wireless charger 02 is used to wirelessly charge the electronic device 01 (ie, the mobile phone).
  • the illustrated wireless charger 02 supports the electronic device 01 to be placed horizontally above it.
  • the wireless charger 02 may also have other shapes, such as a vertical wireless The device 01 can rest against the wireless charger 02 .
  • the wireless charging system includes a wireless charging receiving (Receive, RX) device 20 disposed in the electronic device 01 and a battery 50 coupled to the wireless charging receiving device 20 .
  • a wireless charging receiving (Receive, RX) device 20 disposed in the electronic device 01 and a battery 50 coupled to the wireless charging receiving device 20 .
  • the wireless charging system further includes a wireless charging transmitting (Transmit, TX) device 30 disposed in the wireless charger 02, and an adapter 40 coupled to the wireless charging transmitting device 30, and the adapter 40 is used for providing charging power.
  • a wireless charging transmitting (Transmit, TX) device 30 disposed in the wireless charger 02
  • an adapter 40 coupled to the wireless charging transmitting device 30, and the adapter 40 is used for providing charging power.
  • the wireless charging transmitter 30 transmits power to the wireless charging receiver 20; control signals or charging data may be transmitted between the wireless charging transmitter 30 and the wireless charging receiver 20. Transmission of control signals or transmission of charging data can be achieved through in-band communication or out-of-band communication.
  • the wireless charging transmitting device 30 and the wireless charging receiving device 20 are connected through Bluetooth (Bluetooth), wireless broadband (Wireless-Fidelity, WiFi), Zigbee protocol (Zigbee), radio frequency identification technology (Radio Frequency Identification, RFID), long-distance (Long) Range, Lora) wireless technology or near field communication technology (Near Field Communication, NFC) and other out-of-band communication methods to realize wireless connection, so that wireless communication can be established between the wireless charging transmitter 30 and the wireless charging receiver 20.
  • This charging data can be used to indicate the type of charging.
  • the charging data may be a charging protocol, such as a wireless charging standard Qi introduced by the Wireless Power Consortium (WPC), such as a BPP (Basic Power Profile) protocol, or an EPP (Extended Power Profile) protocol, etc. .
  • WPC Wireless Power Consortium
  • BPP Basic Power Profile
  • EPP Extended Power Profile
  • FIG. 2 the figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device in FIG. 1 .
  • the electronic device 01 mainly includes a display panel (Display Panel, DP) 10 .
  • the display screen 10 may be a liquid crystal display (Liquid Crystal Display, LCD) screen, or an organic light emitting diode (Organic Light Emitting Diode, OLED) display screen, etc.
  • the mobile phone adopts a folding screen structure or a multi-screen structure, the mobile phone may also include
  • the multiple screens may also be a combination of the above different types of screens, which is not limited in this application.
  • the above electronic device 01 may further include a middle frame 11 and a housing 12 .
  • the display screen 10 and the casing 12 are respectively located on two sides of the middle frame 11 , the back of the display screen 10 faces the casing 12 , and the display screen 10 and the casing 12 are connected through the middle frame 11 .
  • the middle frame 11 includes a carrier board 110 and a frame 111 surrounding the carrier board 110 .
  • the electronic device 01 may also include a printed circuit board (Printed Circuit Boards, PCB).
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a wireless charging system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the wireless charging transmitting device 30 is used for transmitting magnetic field energy.
  • the wireless charging transmitter 30 may be located in a wireless charging device.
  • the wireless charging and transmitting device 30 includes an inverter circuit DC/AC31, an input end of the inverter circuit DC/AC31 is used to connect a DC power source, such as a DC power output from an adapter, and an output end of the inverter circuit DC/AC31 is connected to a resonant network,
  • the resonant network includes a resonant capacitor C1 and a transmitting coil L1.
  • the series resonance of the resonant capacitor C1 and the transmitting coil L1 is taken as an example.
  • the wireless charging receiving device 20 is used for receiving the magnetic field energy transmitted by the wireless charging transmitting device 30 .
  • the wireless charging receiving apparatus 20 may be located in an electronic device.
  • the wireless charging standard Qi recommends using in-band communication to transmit control signals and charging data, and carry the control signals on the transmission of wireless power. Therefore, the premise of transmitting control signals is that the alternating magnetic field generated by the current of the transmitting coil can establish enough in the receiving coil. The induced voltage forms power transmission. In the Qi protocol, after the wireless charging transmitter device 30 recognizes the signal strength packet returned by the wireless charging receiver device 20 in the Ping stage, the two successfully establish communication.
  • the QI protocol of wireless charging is applicable.
  • the QI protocol stipulates that the stages of wireless charging include: ping stage (ping stage), identification and configuration stage, and power transmission stage.
  • the wireless charging device and the electronic device When the wireless charging device and the electronic device enter the ping stage, it indicates that the wireless charging device and the electronic device are located in the communicable area, that is, the ping area. When the wireless charging device and the electronic device are located in the non-communicable area, the wireless charging device and the electronic device will not enter the ping area, also known as the area where the ping cannot be realized, the area where the power transmission cannot be performed, and the area where the signal strength packet detection cannot be performed.
  • the pinging area corresponds to the communicable area
  • the pinging-incapable area corresponds to the non-communicable area
  • the wireless charging receiving device 20 includes a receiving coil L2, a capacitor C2 and a rectifying circuit AC/DC21.
  • the rectifier circuit AC/DC21 converts the alternating current output from the receiving coil L2 into direct current to charge the battery.
  • the wireless charging device After the wireless charging device converts the input electrical energy into magnetic field energy, the wireless charging device transmits the magnetic field energy through the wireless charging transmitting device 30; when the electronic device is located near the wireless charging device, the electronic device receives the magnetic field emitted by the wireless charging device through the wireless charging receiving device 20. energy, and convert the magnetic field energy into electrical energy to charge electronic devices. Thereby, wireless transmission of electrical energy from the wireless charging device to the electronic device is realized.
  • the wireless charging device and the electronic device communicate through in-band, it includes the communicable area and the non-communicable area.
  • the communicable area generally means that the plane position deviation of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil is within 10 mm.
  • the transmitting coil is in the shape of a disk
  • the receiving coil is in the shape of a disk
  • the wireless charging device is placed flat
  • the plane where the transmitting coil is located is parallel to the horizontal plane
  • the mobile phone is placed on the wireless charging device
  • the plane where the receiving coil is located is the plane where the transmitting coil is located.
  • the plane position deviation of the transmitter coil and the receiver coil refers to the deviation between the center of the transmitter coil and the center of the receiver coil on the plane.
  • the wireless charging device fails to receive.
  • the wireless charging device cannot perform closed-loop control to realize wireless charging, that is, power transmission cannot be realized.
  • the wireless charging device cannot control the movement of the transmitting coil to achieve position alignment according to the current of the transmitting coil, the input voltage of the inverter circuit, the output voltage of the rectifier circuit, charging efficiency or charging frequency. .
  • the monotonicity between the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the horizontal position deviation can be used. relationship, control the movement of the transmitting coil, so as to reduce the positional deviation between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil and enter the communicable area.
  • a necessary condition for communication between the wireless charging device and the electronic device is that the induced voltage of the electronic device must reach a certain strength.
  • the self-inductance of the transmitting coil can also be used to realize the alignment between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil. That is, using the self-inductance of the transmitting coil to realize the alignment of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil is suitable for both the communicable area and the non-communicable area.
  • FIG. 4 this figure is a schematic diagram of a wireless charging device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the wireless charging device provided in this embodiment is used to wirelessly charge an electronic device, including: a resonant network, an inverter circuit, and a controller;
  • the resonant network includes a resonant capacitor and a transmitting coil
  • the input end of the inverter circuit is used for connecting the DC power supply, and the output end of the inverter circuit is used for connecting the resonance network;
  • the inverter circuit is taken as an example of a full-bridge circuit for introduction, and the inverter circuit includes four controllable switch tubes, which are S1-S4 respectively.
  • the controller 32 is configured to determine the moving direction of the transmitting coil according to the self-inductance L1 of the transmitting coil or the resonant frequency of the resonant network, and control the moving of the transmitting coil according to the moving direction, so that the The wireless charging device is aligned with the electronic device; the self-inductance L1 of the transmitting coil increases with the moving direction of the transmitting coil, and the resonance frequency decreases with the moving direction of the transmitting coil.
  • the position deviation between the transmitter coil and the receiver coil has a monotonic relationship with the self-inductance L1 of the transmitter coil, and the position deviation between the transmitter coil and the receiver coil also has a monotonic relationship with the resonant frequency of the resonant network.
  • the moving direction of the transmitting coil can be determined according to the change trend of L1, which should be By moving the transmitter coil in the direction of increasing L1, the positions of the transmitter coil and the receiver coil can be aligned.
  • the wireless charging device may include an alignment mechanism, as shown in FIG. 5A , which is a schematic diagram of another wireless charging device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the wireless charging device provided in this embodiment further includes an alignment mechanism 33 .
  • the controller 32 controls the alignment mechanism 33 according to the moving direction of the transmitting coil to drive the transmitting coil to move along the moving direction.
  • An implementation manner of the alignment mechanism is that the alignment mechanism at least includes: a first motor, a second motor, a first guide rail and a second guide rail;
  • the first guide rail and the second guide rail are perpendicular to each other;
  • a first motor for driving the transmitting coil to move along the first guide rail
  • a second motor for driving the transmitting coil to move along the second guide rail
  • the controller is used for controlling the first motor and the second motor to move the transmitting coil along the moving direction.
  • FIG. 5B which is a relationship diagram between the self-inductance and the deviation of the transmitting coil provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • x and y respectively represent two mutually perpendicular directions on the horizontal plane.
  • x represents the horizontal direction
  • y represents the direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction
  • the unit is mm.
  • the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are located in the non-communicable area, only the self-inductance L1 of the transmitting coil can be used to judge the relative position between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil.
  • the self-inductance L1 of the transmitting coil changes accordingly, and generally appears on the same horizontal plane.
  • the self-inductance L1 of the transmitting coil changes with the position deviation. For example, when the coordinates of x and y are both 0, the corresponding L1 is 7.8uH, and when both x and y are 5mm, the corresponding L1 is 7.65uH, that is, the greater the position deviation, the greater the L1. Small, that is, L1 has a negative correlation with the position deviation.
  • the transmitter coil when using L1 for alignment, can be controlled to move into the communicable area according to L1.
  • L1 for alignment in the communicable area you can control the alignment of the transmitter coil and the receiver coil according to L1.
  • the moving direction cannot be obtained at one time. It is necessary to detect the self-inductance of the transmitting coil in multiple positions to determine the moving trajectory. For example, at least two positions of L1 are detected, and L1 of two positions is compared. The size of the moving direction can be determined, and finally the transmitting coil can be moved into the communicable area.
  • Figure 5 only shows the changing trend of the self-inductance of the transmitting coil with the positional deviation of the wireless charging device and the electronic device.
  • the resonant frequency of the resonant network can also be used for For the position, there is a positive correlation between the resonance frequency and the position deviation, that is, the larger the position deviation, the larger the resonance frequency, and conversely, the smaller the position deviation, the smaller the resonance frequency.
  • FIG. 6 is a voltage oscillation curve diagram of a transmitting coil provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the detection of the self-inductance of the transmitting coil is mainly realized by the controller of the wireless charging device.
  • a DC voltage is provided on the DC bus of the full-bridge circuit (S1-S4), and the first switch tube S1 and the fourth switch of the full-bridge circuit are controlled at the same time.
  • the tube S4 is turned on, and the second switch tube S2 and the third switch tube S3 are controlled to be disconnected.
  • S1, C1, L1 and S4 form a path to charge the resonant capacitor C1, and the receiving coil L2 remains disconnected from the load.
  • the oscillation attenuation waveform of the voltage Vcoil at the upper end of the transmitting coil As shown in Figure 6.
  • the resonant period of the voltage Vcoil between the resonant capacitor C1 and the coil inductance L1 can be obtained from the waveform diagram of oscillation attenuation. Since the oscillation period and the resonant frequency are reciprocals of each other, the resonant frequency f 0 can be obtained from the resonant period. Since the value of the resonance capacitor C1 is known, the coil inductance L1 can be obtained according to the following formula.
  • the resonance period is obtained according to the waveform of the oscillation attenuation, which can be specifically calculated according to the time interval between any two adjacent trough points on the oscillation attenuation curve in the figure.
  • the series resonance formed by L1 and C1 is used as an example.
  • the specific implementation form of the resonant network is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application. It can be other connection forms than LC series connection.
  • the wireless charging device provided by the embodiments of the present application is based on the monotonic relationship between the positional deviation between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil and the self-inductance of the transmitting coil, and the monotonic relationship between the positional deviation between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil and the resonant frequency of the resonant network. Therefore, the position alignment can be achieved according to the self-inductance or the resonant frequency of the transmitting coil. That is, the moving direction of the alignment can be found according to the self-inductance or resonant frequency of the transmitting coil, and the controller controls the alignment mechanism to drive the transmitting coil to move along the moving direction, so that the positional deviation between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil becomes smaller and smaller. .
  • the wireless charging device provided in this embodiment does not need to increase the coil matrix, and only relies on the controller and the alignment mechanism to enable the transmitter coil to enter the communicable area, realize the coarse adjustment of the relative position between the transmitter coil and the receiver coil, and provide wireless charging. Prepare.
  • the wireless charging device provided in this embodiment can use the self-inductance or resonant frequency of the transmitting coil to achieve position alignment regardless of whether it communicates with the electronic device through Bluetooth or in-band communication.
  • the wireless charging device and the electronic device use in-band communication to achieve interaction, in the ping area, only the self-inductance or resonant frequency of the transmitting coil can be used to achieve position alignment. In the area where ping cannot be started, you can continue to use the transmitter
  • the self-inductance or resonant frequency of the coil can be used to realize the position alignment, and other charging parameters that have a monotonic relationship with the position deviation can also be used to realize the alignment.
  • this figure is a schematic diagram of a transmitting coil moving according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the controller determines the moving direction of the transmitter coil according to the self-inductance of the transmitter coil or the resonant frequency of the resonant network when the transmitter coil is at least in the ping-incapable area through in-band communication between the wireless charging device and the electronic device.
  • the moving direction of the transmitting coil can also be determined according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil or the resonant frequency of the resonant network, so as to control the transmitting coil for alignment.
  • the receiver coil may be located in any direction around it, i.e. 360 degrees are possible. Therefore, at the beginning, the controller can control the alignment mechanism to drive the transmitter coil to take the initial position as the center, and the initial position is the current position of the transmitter coil. By moving around the center, the maximum direction of the self-inductance of the transmitting coil during the movement of the transmitting coil is obtained, and the maximum direction of the self-inductance of the transmitting coil is the moving direction.
  • the initial position O is taken as the center point, and the direction with the largest self-inductance is found around the point O.
  • the square with O as the center point the self-inductance measurement of the transmitting coil is carried out at the four vertices of the square.
  • the controller controls the transmitting coil to run to point A, point B, point C and point D respectively.
  • the transmitter coil is controlled to move along the OA direction. Since the position of the transmitter coil is finally point D during detection, the transmitter coil is controlled to move from point D first. to point A, and then control the transmitter coil to move in the direction of OA.
  • Fig. 7 introduces four sampling points as an example, which is only a schematic illustration of the embodiment of the present application.
  • a larger number of sampling points can be set.
  • the following describes the point O as the center of the circle , to set sampling points on the circumference of the preset radius.
  • this figure is a schematic diagram of another transmission coil movement provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the controller controls the alignment mechanism to drive the transmitting coil to move on a circle with a preset radius with the initial position as the center to obtain the maximum direction of the self-inductance of the transmitting coil during the movement of the transmitting coil on the circumference .
  • the transmitting coil can be controlled to move to the evenly arranged sampling points to obtain the self-inductance of the transmitting coil corresponding to each sampling point, so that the self-inductance of the transmitting coil is the largest
  • the corresponding direction is the direction of maximum self-inductance.
  • A, B, C, D, E, and F are used to represent 6 sampling points respectively, move from point A to point F in turn, and take the initial position as point O, then the angle between AO and FO is 60 degrees, after traversing 6 sampling points, it is known that the self-inductance of the transmitting coil corresponding to point B is the largest, then the maximum moving direction is the OB direction, and OB is the moving direction.
  • the position of the transmitting coil is point F, then move from point F to point B, and then start from point B and move along the straight line of OB.
  • the center of the receiving coil RX shown in Figure 8 is exactly on the straight line OB, but when actually moving, limited by the number of sampling points and the difference in actual positions, the center of the RX may not generally be on the straight line OB.
  • you can move according to the direction determined by OB detect the self-inductance at the sampling point around the newly moved position while moving, and re-determine the new moving direction according to the self-inductance until the transmitting coil moves into the communicable area. It is also possible to move in a linear direction close to a certain angle with OB, detect the self-inductance of the sampling points around the new position while moving, and re-determine a new moving direction according to the self-inductance.
  • the manner of re-determining the moving direction is the same as the manner of determining the moving direction for the first time, which is not repeated here, and the principle is the same.
  • the center point of the RX is not on the straight line OB. If the transmitter coil is moved along the straight line OB, it may take a long time to enter the communicable area. In order to reduce the alignment time, you can determine the new the direction of movement, so that the transmitting coil can enter the communicable area as soon as possible.
  • the above introduction is only an introduction based on the initial position as the center point, as long as you move around the center point, for example, you can not sample on the sides of the square, or you can not sample on the circumference, but on the center point Sampling with a gradually expanding radius is performed around, for example, moving in a spiral manner, and finally the maximum direction of the self-inductance of the transmitting coil can be determined.
  • the following introduces a method that can quickly determine the moving direction. It can only detect the self-inductance of three sampling points to determine the moving direction, and iterate gradually to control the transmitting coil to enter the communicable area.
  • the condition that triggers each iteration may be that when a decrease in self-inductance is detected, the direction of movement needs to be re-determined.
  • this figure is a schematic diagram of still another transmission coil movement provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the controller controls the alignment structure to drive the transmitting coil to take the initial position O as the starting point, and move to the first point A and the second point B respectively around the starting point O, the starting point O, the first point A A triangle OAB is formed with the second point B, and the moving direction is determined according to the self-inductances of the transmitting coils corresponding to the first point A and the second point B respectively.
  • the transmitting coil corresponding to point A is greater than the self-inductance of the transmitting coil corresponding to point B. Therefore, the transmitting coil can be controlled to move in a direction close to the OA. As shown in the figure, it can move along the direction of OC.
  • the angle between OC and OA is ⁇ , and the angle between OC and OA is smaller than the angle between OC and OB.
  • the indicator can not only ensure the accuracy of the moving direction, but also ensure that the determination of the moving direction takes less time.
  • the included angle between OA and OB is not limited in the embodiments of the present application, and may be an acute angle, an obtuse angle, or a right angle.
  • the triangle OAB may be an ordinary right triangle or an isosceles triangle, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.
  • this figure is a schematic diagram of still another transmission coil movement provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • point A, point B, and point O form a DC triangle as an example, because when a right-angled triangle is used, it can be ensured that the moving direction can be determined at the fastest speed when there are fewer sampling points.
  • the controller controls the alignment mechanism to drive the transmitting coil to take the initial position as the common vertex of the two right-angled sides of the right-angled triangle, and move to the other two vertices of the two right-angled sides respectively.
  • the moving direction is obtained from the self-inductance of the transmitting coil.
  • the controller controls the alignment mechanism to first drive the transmitter coil to move from point O to point A to obtain the self-inductance corresponding to point A, and then controls the transmitter coil to move from point A to point B to obtain the self-inductance corresponding to point B.
  • the angle between OA and OB is 90 degrees, that is, a right angle.
  • the moving direction is determined, that is, if the self-inductance corresponding to point A is greater than the self-inductance corresponding to point B, the moving direction along the straight line OC forming a certain angle ⁇ with OA is the moving direction, and the emission is controlled.
  • the coil moves along this moving direction.
  • the above embodiment is only a schematic illustration of the moving direction of the transmitting coil. How to control the movement of the transmitting coil can include various implementations, which are not specifically limited in this embodiment, as long as the self-inductance of the transmitting coil gradually increases If there is a large trend, the position deviation will be reduced accordingly, and the transmitting coil can be moved into the communicable area.
  • the above embodiment describes the implementation of moving the transmitter coil into the communicable area during the alignment process.
  • the following describes the working principle of the controller controlling the alignment of the transmitter coil and the receiver coil after the transmitter coil enters the communicable area.
  • this figure is a schematic diagram of still another wireless charging system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the wireless charging device acts as the transmitter and the electronic device acts as the receiver.
  • the wireless charging device provided in this embodiment includes a controller 32, that is, a transmitter controller.
  • the electronic device includes a controller 22, that is, a receiver controller.
  • the controller 32 of the wireless charging device can receive data exchanged between the controllers 22 of the electronic device through wireless communication.
  • the controller 32 of the wireless charging device can receive the data packet sent by the controller 22 of the electronic device, and when the self-inductance of the transmitting coil is less than or equal to the preset threshold, it is determined that the wireless charging device and the electronic device are in a communicable area.
  • the controller can control the alignment of the transmitter coil as long as the charging parameters have a monotonic relationship with the position deviation, and finally make the The transmitter coil is aligned with the receiver coil.
  • the controller 32 of the wireless charging device is further configured to determine the moving direction of the transmitting coil according to the charging parameter when the wireless charging device and the electronic device are in a communicable area, and control the driving of the alignment mechanism according to the moving direction the transmitter coil is moved until the transmitter coil is aligned with the receiver coil in the electronic device;
  • the charging parameter increases or decreases monotonically with the movement of the moving direction.
  • the charging parameters that can be used for alignment include at least one of the following: the current Icoil of the transmitting coil, the input voltage Vbus of the DC/AC31, the output voltage Vrect of the electronic equipment AC/DC21, the resonant frequency or the system efficiency, etc.
  • the parameters control the transmitter coil to continue to move with the changing trend of the position until the positions of the transmitter coil and the receiver coil are aligned.
  • the transmitting coil does not enter the power transmission stage, you can continue to control the transmitting coil to continue to move according to the self-inductance L1 of the transmitting coil with the changing trend of the position, aiming at the alignment of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, so as to realize the connection between the wireless charging device and the electronic device. Positive.
  • the above parameters can be used to judge the relative position between the transmitter coil and the receiver coil, and the transmitter coil can be controlled to move according to the changing trend of the above parameters.
  • the automatic alignment scheme in the communicable area can be divided into the following four categories:
  • the first type is based on the self-inductance L1 of the transmitting coil, or the product of L1 and the AC impedance ACR of the transmitting coil to perform automatic alignment.
  • the alignment scheme of the transmitting coil in the non-communicable area introduced in the above embodiment is also applicable to the alignment in the communicable area, which will not be repeated here. After the center of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are aligned, the electronic device starts to work and enters In the wireless charging phase, power transfer begins.
  • the transmitter coil when the transmitter coil is shifted to the maximum value of L1, that is, when L1 no longer becomes larger with the movement of the transmitter coil, it indicates that the center of the transmitter coil and the center of the receiver coil are aligned.
  • the transmitter coil can be aligned, either in the communication area or in the non-communicable area.
  • the controller When the controller performs alignment based on the first type of charging parameters, since the first type of charging parameters are only the parameters of the wireless charging device, it can control the wireless charging device and the electronic device before power transmission is performed.
  • the transmitter coil is aligned and does not require any charging parameters of the electronic device.
  • the second type automatic alignment based on Icoil, Vbus or charging frequency.
  • the controller of the wireless charging device performs alignment based on charging parameters such as Icoil, Vbus or charging frequency, in the power transmission state, it can only be obtained by the wireless charging device side, and it is not necessary to obtain the charging required for alignment on the electronic device side parameter.
  • the controller 22 of the electronic device controls the charging circuit in the electronic device to start working, and enters the power transmission stage.
  • the controller 32 of the wireless charging device controls the charging frequency to be fixed and charges the electronic device by adjusting the voltage, that is, Fixed frequency voltage regulation charging mode, in this mode, the input voltage of DC/AC31 or the current Icoil of the transmitting coil is detected online to control the movement of the transmitting coil until the center of the transmitting coil is aligned with the center of the receiving coil. It can be understood that the center of the transmitting coil is aligned with the center of the receiving coil, and there may be a certain error. It does not mean that the projections of the two centers are completely coincident. As long as they are within the set error range, they are regarded as the transmitting coil and the receiving coil. The coils are already aligned.
  • the controller 32 of the wireless charging device can also control the input voltage to be fixed, and charge the electronic device by adjusting the charging frequency, that is, the constant voltage and frequency modulation charging mode.
  • the charging frequency that is, the constant voltage and frequency modulation charging mode.
  • the current Icoil or the charging frequency of the transmitting coil is detected online to control the charging frequency.
  • the transmitter coil is moved until the transmitter and receiver coils are aligned.
  • the controller 32 of the wireless charging device can also fix the input voltage and charging frequency of the DC/AC31, and control the movement of the transmitting coil by detecting the current Icoil of the transmitting coil online or the output voltage Vrect of the AC/DC21 in the electronic device until the transmitting coil is moved. Align with the receiver coil.
  • the third category is the charging efficiency, the mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, and the automatic alignment of the output voltage Vrect of the rectifier circuit in the electronic equipment.
  • the wireless charging device and the electronic device are required.
  • the device combines a part of the charging parameters on the electronic device side, that is, the electronic device side needs to send the charging parameters to the wireless charging device. That is, when the wireless charging device performs alignment according to the third type of charging parameters, it is required that the transmitting coil is located in the communicable area and the transmitting end and the receiving end perform power transmission.
  • the input voltage of DC/AC31 is the DC bus voltage of DC/AC31.
  • the output voltage Vrect of the AC/DC21 is the DC voltage rectified by the AC/DC21.
  • the fourth category the use of auxiliary coils in electronic equipment.
  • the relevant parameters of the auxiliary coil can be used to control the transmitter coil to perform alignment.
  • this figure is a schematic diagram of another wireless charging system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electronic device includes a receiving coil L2, an auxiliary coil L3, a first rectifier 21a and a second rectifier 21b.
  • the first end of L2 is connected to the positive input end of the first rectifier 21a through C2, and the second end of L2 is connected to the negative input of the first rectifier 21a. end.
  • the output end of the first rectifier 21a is used to connect to the rear-stage charging circuit, and the rear-stage charging circuit is used to charge the battery in the electronic device.
  • L2 and C2 are connected in series to the input end of the first rectifier 21a.
  • the auxiliary coil L3 and the capacitor C3 are connected in series to the input end of the second rectifier 21b.
  • the mutual inductance between L1 and L2 is M12
  • the mutual inductance between L1 and L3 is M13.
  • both M12 and M13 can be used to control the movement of the transmitting coil, so that the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are aligned.
  • the controller 22 of the electronic device controls the charging circuit (including AC/DC21, etc.) to start working, enters the power transmission stage, and detects online the open-circuit voltage of the auxiliary coil or the voltage between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil.
  • the mutual inductance, or the coupling coefficient between the transmitter coil and the auxiliary coil can control the transmitter coil to move according to any of the above parameters until the center of the transmitter coil is aligned with the center of the receiver coil.
  • the mutual inductance and coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil are negatively correlated with the position deviation, that is, the smaller the position deviation, the greater the mutual inductance and coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil.
  • the transmitter coil located in the non-communicable area belongs to the coarse adjustment stage of alignment.
  • control the displacement of the transmitting coil to align it with the receiving coil which belongs to the fine-tuning stage for the transmitting coil.
  • the transmitter coil and the receiver coil can be finally aligned, and preliminary preparations are made for wireless charging.
  • the charging parameter which is increased by the movement of the charging parameter along the movement direction determined by the charging parameter, includes at least one of the following:
  • the charging parameter that monotonically decreases with the movement of the moving direction includes at least one of the following:
  • the moving direction of the transmitting coil can only be determined by using the self-inductance of the transmitting coil or the resonant frequency of the resonant network.
  • the self-inductance of the transmitting coil or the resonant frequency of the resonant network can continue to be used to determine the moving direction.
  • the wireless charging device and the electronic device are in the pinging area, since the wireless charging device and the electronic device deal with the communicable area, charging parameters can be exchanged between the two. Therefore, the wireless charging device can use a monotonic relationship with the moving direction.
  • the charging parameters are used to control the movement of the transmitting coil, and the monotonic relationship includes a monotonically increasing relationship and a monotonically decreasing relationship. For example, some charging parameters increase monotonically with the movement of the transmitting coil, and some charging parameters monotonically increase as the transmitting coil moves. decrease.
  • the embodiments of the present application further provide a method for aligning wireless charging, the workflow of which is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • this figure is a flowchart of Embodiment 1 of a method for aligning wireless charging provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the alignment method for wireless charging is applied to a wireless charging device, where the wireless charging device includes: a resonant network, an inverter circuit, an alignment mechanism, and a controller; the resonant network includes a resonant capacitor and a transmitting coil; The input end of the inverter circuit is used for connecting the DC power supply, and the output end of the inverter circuit is used for connecting the resonance network;
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • This embodiment does not specifically limit the specific implementation form of the resonant network.
  • the self-inductance of the transmitting coil is connected in series with the capacitance in the resonant network to form LC series resonance, and other forms of resonant networks are also possible.
  • the resonance frequency of the LC series resonance can be obtained, or the resonance frequency can be obtained first, and the inductance can be obtained according to the resonance frequency.
  • S1402 Determine the moving direction of the transmitting coil according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil or the resonant frequency of the resonant network;
  • the self-inductance of the transmitting coil has a monotonic relationship with the x and y directions of the horizontal plane. Therefore, the transmit coil displacement can be controlled according to a monotonic relationship.
  • the self-inductance of the transmitting coil increases along the moving direction, and the resonant frequency decreases along the moving direction.
  • the transmitting coil When the displacement of the transmitting coil is controlled according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil, the transmitting coil can be moved toward the direction in which the transmitting coil increases. When the displacement of the transmitting coil is controlled according to the resonant frequency, the transmitting coil may be moved in a direction in which the resonant frequency decreases.
  • S1403 Control the alignment mechanism to drive the transmitting coil to move according to the moving direction, so that the wireless charging device and the electronic device are aligned.
  • the alignment method provided by the embodiment of the present application is based on the monotonic relationship between the positional deviation between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil and the self-inductance of the transmitting coil, and the monotonic relationship between the positional deviation between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil and the resonant frequency of the resonant network. Therefore, the position alignment can be achieved according to the self-inductance or the resonant frequency of the transmitting coil. That is to say, the moving direction of position alignment can be found according to the self-inductance or resonant frequency of the transmitting coil, and the controller controls the alignment mechanism to drive the transmitting coil to move according to the moving direction, so that the positional deviation between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil becomes smaller and smaller.
  • the wireless charging device provided in this embodiment does not need to increase the coil matrix, and only relies on the controller and the alignment mechanism to enable the transmitter coil to enter the communicable area, realize the coarse adjustment of the relative position between the transmitter coil and the receiver coil, and provide wireless charging. Prepare.
  • the alignment method provided in this embodiment can utilize the self-inductance or resonant frequency of the transmitting coil to realize the position alignment regardless of whether it communicates with the electronic device using Bluetooth or in-band communication.
  • the wireless charging device and the electronic device use in-band communication to achieve interaction, in the ping area, only the self-inductance or resonant frequency of the transmitting coil can be used to achieve position alignment. In the area where ping cannot be started, you can continue to use the transmitter
  • the self-inductance or resonant frequency of the coil can be used to realize the position alignment, and other charging parameters that have a monotonic relationship with the position deviation can also be used to realize the alignment.
  • the following takes the in-band communication between the wireless charging device and the electronic device as an example.
  • the self-inductance of the transmitting coil is used to control the transmitting coil for alignment.
  • the self-inductance of the transmitter coil can also be used to control the transmitter coil for alignment.
  • determining the moving direction of the transmitting coil according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil or the resonant frequency of the resonant network specifically including:
  • the moving direction of the transmitting coil is determined according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil or the resonant frequency of the resonant network.
  • FIG. 15 is a flowchart of another alignment method provided by this embodiment of the present application.
  • This embodiment describes the center measurement method.
  • the receiver coil may be located in any direction around it, i.e. 360 degrees are possible. Therefore, at the beginning, the controller can control the alignment mechanism to drive the transmitting coil to take the initial position as the center, and the initial position is the current position of the transmitting coil. By moving around the center, the maximum direction of the self-inductance of the transmitting coil during the movement of the transmitting coil is obtained, and the maximum direction of the self-inductance of the transmitting coil is the moving direction.
  • the center measurement method can take the initial position as the center, move the transmitting coil around the center, measure the self-inductance of the transmitting coil at different positions, and determine the next moving direction according to the size of the self-inductance.
  • the central measurement method in the device embodiment part, which will not be repeated here.
  • the transmitting coil can be moved on a circle with the initial position as the center and the preset radius as the radius.
  • the preset radius is related to the range of alignment coverage. When the coverage of alignment is large, the preset radius can be slightly larger. When the range covered by the alignment is small, the preset radius can be slightly smaller.
  • Control the alignment mechanism to drive the transmitting coil to move around the center with the initial position as the center including:
  • S1502 Control the alignment mechanism to drive the transmitting coil to move on a circle with a preset radius with the initial position as the center, and obtain the moving direction as the maximum self-inductance direction of the transmitting coil during the moving process of the transmitting coil.
  • S1503 Control the alignment mechanism to drive the transmitter coil to move according to the maximum direction of the self-inductance of the transmitter coil, so that the transmitter coil and the receiver coil are aligned.
  • the self-inductance corresponding to the position of a limited number of sampling points may be adopted, for example, by moving around the initial position, and the distances between each sampling point and the initial position may be equal, for example, the vertices of a square , the initial position is the center point of the square, and the sampling point can also be obtained on the circle with the initial position as the center.
  • the distances between each sampling point and the initial position may also be unequal, and some sampling points may be randomly selected at the initial position period.
  • the above embodiment introduces the center measurement method to control the movement of the transmitting coil.
  • the following introduces a method that can quickly determine the moving direction.
  • the moving direction can be determined only by detecting the self-inductance of the transmitting coil corresponding to the three sampling points.
  • the method iterates successively, and the transmitter coil can be controlled to enter the communicable area.
  • the condition for triggering each iteration may be that when it is detected that the self-inductance of the transmitting coil decreases, the moving direction needs to be re-determined.
  • the triangle may be an ordinary right-angled triangle, or an isosceles triangle, an equilateral triangle, etc., which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.
  • FIG. 16 this figure is a flowchart of yet another alignment method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the starting point is the common vertex of the two right-angled sides of the right triangle, and the first point and the second point are the other two vertexes of the two right-angled sides, respectively.
  • S1602 control the alignment mechanism to drive the transmitting coil to take the initial position as the starting point, and move to the first point and the second point respectively around the starting point, and the starting point, the first point and the second point form a right-angled triangle,
  • the starting point is a right-angle vertex
  • the moving direction is determined according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil corresponding to the first point and the second point respectively.
  • S1603 Control the movement of the transmitting coil according to the moving direction, so that the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are aligned.
  • the various trigonometric functions corresponding to each acute angle in the right triangle are easy to calculate, it is convenient to use the right triangle to determine the moving direction. Moreover, the moving direction can be determined quickly by using a right-angled triangle to find the moving direction.
  • the above embodiment is only a schematic illustration of the moving direction of the transmitting coil. How to control the movement of the transmitting coil can include various implementations, which are not specifically limited in this embodiment, as long as the self-inductance of the transmitting coil gradually increases If there is a large trend, the position deviation will be reduced accordingly, and the transmitting coil can be moved into the communicable area.
  • FIG. 17 is a flowchart of still another alignment method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • S1701 The wireless charging device regularly detects whether the communication with the electronic device is successful. When the communication is successful, S1702 is executed, otherwise, S1703 is executed.
  • the communication When the communication is successful, it means that the transmitting coil has entered the communicable area.
  • the communication When the communication is unsuccessful, it means that the transmitting coil has not moved into the communicable area, and is still in the non-communicable area.
  • the controller of the wireless charging device can detect whether the data packet sent by the electronic device is received, and when the data packet is not received and the self-inductance of the transmitting coil is greater than the preset threshold, determine the wireless charging device and the electronic device. In the area where ping cannot be started, that is, the transmitting coil is in the area where communication is not possible.
  • the alignment step S1703 of the non-communicable area is performed.
  • the moving direction can be determined according to many charging parameters.
  • the moving direction is determined by the charging parameters, and the alignment mechanism is controlled to drive the transmitting coil. moving until the transmit coil is aligned with the receive coil in the electronic device;
  • the charging parameter exhibits a monotonous change along the moving direction determined by the charging parameter, and different charging parameters may have different monotonous changes. Some charging parameters increase monotonically along the moving direction, and some charging parameters monotonically decrease along the moving direction. little.
  • a charging parameter that monotonically increases along the moving direction determined by the charging parameter including at least one of the following:
  • the self-inductance of the transmitting coil, the charging frequency, the charging efficiency, the output voltage of the rectifier circuit in the electronic device, the product of the self-inductance of the transmitting coil and the AC impedance of the transmitting coil, the difference between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil The mutual inductance, the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, the mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil, the coupling coefficient between the transmitting coil and the auxiliary coil, and the open-circuit voltage of the auxiliary coil in the electronic equipment;
  • a charging parameter that decreases monotonically along the movement direction determined by the charging parameter including at least one of the following:
  • the following is an example of controlling the movement of the transmitting coil according to the output voltage Vrect of the rectifier circuit in the electronic device when the transmitting coil is in a non-communicable area.
  • the movement of the transmitter coil in the non-communicable area can also be controlled according to other charging parameters.
  • the wireless charging device detects the current position of the transmitting coil and the Vrect corresponding to the current position around the current position, and determines the next moving direction according to the Vrect.
  • the current position corresponds to a Vrect, and at least two Vrects at different positions on both sides of the current position are required to determine the next moving direction. That is, the moving direction of the next step is along the direction in which Vrect increases.
  • the transmitter coil When it is in the non-communicable area, the transmitter coil can be controlled to move into the communicable area according to the method described in any one of the first method embodiment to the third method embodiment. Of course, in the communicable area, the transmitter coil can also be controlled to align in the manner described in any one of Method Embodiment 1 to Method Embodiment 3 until the positions of the transmitter coil and the receiver coil are aligned.
  • the wireless charging device detects the current position and the self-inductances of the transmitter coils corresponding to the current position respectively, and determines the next moving direction according to the self-inductance of the transmitter coils. If the wireless charging device determines that the communication with the electronic device is successful, execute S1705 of the communicable area; otherwise, execute S1704;
  • S1704 Move the transmitting coil along the direction in which the self-inductance of the transmitting coil increases, and continuously judge whether the communication with the electronic device is successful. If the communication is successful, execute S1705 of the communicable area.
  • S1706 The position where the output voltage Vrect of the rectifier circuit is the largest is the position where the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are aligned.
  • the wireless charging device controls the transmitter coil to perform alignment according to the self-inductance of the transmitter coil.
  • the wireless charging device can continue to control the transmitter coil to perform alignment according to the self-inductance of the transmitter coil.
  • other charging parameters that have a monotonic relationship with the position deviation can also be used to control the transmitter coil to perform alignment.
  • Vbus, Icoil, charging frequency or Vrect can be used to align the transmitter coil.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a wireless charging system, which will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • this figure is a schematic diagram of a wireless charging system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the wireless charging system provided by the embodiments of the present application includes the wireless charging device 30 described in the above embodiments, and also includes the electronic device 20;
  • the electronic device 20 includes a receiving coil and a rectifier circuit.
  • the structure of the electronic device can be seen in FIG. 13 .
  • the wireless charging device 30 is used for wirelessly charging the electronic device 20 .
  • the wireless charging device can automatically realize the alignment of the transmitting coil, it can realize the automatic alignment regardless of whether the transmitting coil is in a communicable area or a non-communicable area. And the wireless charging device does not need to add hardware devices, such as a matrix coil, so the wireless charging device does not generate additional interference signals and does not increase the size of the device.
  • the wireless charging device starts to wirelessly charge the electronic device. Due to the alignment between the transmitter coil and the receiver coil, the wireless charging can be improved The efficiency of wireless charging.
  • the wireless charging device can achieve automatic alignment, the requirements for the electronic device are reduced, that is, when the user places the electronic device on the wireless charging device for charging, when the user slightly offsets the position of the electronic device, the transmitter coil automatically moves to perform alignment. Positively, the degree of freedom of the wireless charging system has been expanded, and the user experience of using electronic devices has been improved.
  • the embodiments of the present application further provide a wireless charging base for wirelessly charging an electronic device, for example, the electronic device is a mobile phone or a wearable device.
  • the wireless charging base is placed horizontally on the desktop, and the mobile phone can be placed horizontally on the wireless charging base. Therefore, the electromagnetic field coupling between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil realizes the transmission of energy and completes the wireless charging of the mobile phone.
  • the wireless charging base provided in this embodiment is used for wirelessly charging electronic devices, including: a power interface, a resonant network, an inverter circuit, a controller, a transmitting coil chassis, and an alignment guide rail;
  • the wireless charging base is 02
  • the power interface of the wireless charging base 02 is connected to the adapter 40
  • the adapter 40 converts the commercial power into DC power and provides the wireless charging base 02 .
  • the power interface is used to connect the DC power transmitted by the adapter
  • the adapter is used to convert AC mains into DC power, and provide it to the power interface, for example, to convert AC 220V mains into DC power.
  • the resonant network includes a resonant capacitor and a transmitting coil
  • a transmitting coil chassis for placing the transmitting coil
  • the input end of the inverter circuit is used to connect to the power interface, and the output end of the inverter circuit is used to connect to the resonant network;
  • the controller is used for determining the moving direction of the transmitting coil according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil or the resonant frequency of the resonant network, and controlling the moving direction of the transmitting coil chassis on the alignment guide rail according to the moving direction of the transmitting coil move up, so that the wireless charging device and the electronic device are aligned; the self-inductance of the transmitting coil increases along the moving direction of the transmitting coil, and the resonant frequency decreases along the moving direction of the transmitting coil. little.
  • the wireless charging base provided in this embodiment can determine the moving direction according to the self-inductance of the transmitting coil or the resonant frequency of the resonant network, and then control the transmitting coil to move along the moving direction, so that the self-inductance of the transmitting coil increases with the moving direction, The resonant frequency decreases with the moving direction, so that the transmitter coil and the receiver coil can be aligned. Since the wireless charging base can automatically control the movement of the transmitting coil and realize the alignment with the receiving coil in the electronic device with the wireless charging function such as the mobile phone, the degree of freedom of wireless charging with the electronic device is expanded, and the need for the user to place the mobile phone is reduced. Accuracy requirements improve user experience.
  • this figure is a schematic diagram of an alignment structure provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the specific implementation form of the alignment mechanism, and a simple and feasible implementation manner is introduced below.
  • the alignment guide rail at least includes: a first guide rail A and a second guide rail B whose projections on the horizontal plane are perpendicular to each other; and also includes: an electric drive part; the electric drive part can drive the transmitting coil along the first guide rail A and the second guide rail B Move back and forth.
  • the electric drive component may include one or more motor drive elements such as motors.
  • the electric drive component may be realized by using a motor.
  • the electric drive The components may include a first motor M1 and a second motor M2;
  • first guide rail A, the second guide rail B, the first motor M1 , the second motor M2 and the coil tray T are all arranged on the base D.
  • the base D is used to support the above devices.
  • a first motor M1 for driving the transmitting coil to move along the first guide rail A
  • a second motor M2 for driving the transmitting coil to move along the second guide rail B;
  • the first guide rail A may correspond to the vertical direction of the horizontal plane
  • the second guide rail B may correspond to the horizontal aspect of the horizontal plane. That is, the first guide rail A can move back and forth along the horizontal direction, and the second guide rail B can move back and forth along the vertical direction.
  • a controller (not shown in the figure) is used to control the first motor M1 and the second motor M2 to move the transmitting coil chassis along the moving direction.
  • the controller can control the rotation direction of M1 and M2 to realize the back and forth movement of A and B, and can control the rotation angle of M1 and M2 to control the specific displacement of the transmitting coil.
  • the wireless charging base is in the shape of a disc, and the transmitting coil can also be in the shape of a disc.
  • the wireless charging base can be in other shapes, and the transmitting coil can also be in other shapes.
  • At least one (item) refers to one or more, and "a plurality” refers to two or more.
  • “And/or” is used to describe the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, “A and/or B” can mean: only A, only B, and both A and B exist , where A and B can be singular or plural.
  • the character “/” generally indicates that the associated objects are an “or” relationship.
  • At least one item(s) below” or similar expressions thereof refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single item(s) or plural items(s).
  • At least one (a) of a, b or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", “a and c", “b and c", or "a and b and c" ", where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

Abstract

本申请公开了一种无线充电设备、对位方法、系统及充电底座，用于为手机或穿戴设备等电子设备进行无线充电，包括：谐振网络、逆变电路和控制器；谐振网络包括谐振电容和发射线圈；逆变电路的输入端用于连接直流电源，逆变电路的输出端用于连接谐振网络；控制器，用于根据发射线圈的自感或谐振网络的谐振频率确定发射线圈的移动方向，根据发射线圈的移动方向控制发射线圈移动，以使无线充电设备与电子设备进行对位；发射线圈的自感沿着发射线圈的移动方向增大，谐振频率沿着发射线圈的移动方向减小。该无线充电设备实现自动对位，提高无线充电设备为电子设备进行无线充电的自由度，提高用户体验感，不会带来额外的损耗，不影响异物检测的准确性。

Description

一种无线充电设备、对位方法、系统及充电底座
本申请要求于2020年09月09日提交中国国家知识产权局的申请号为202010942024.4、申请名称为“一种无线充电设备、对位方法、系统及充电底座”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及无线充电技术领域，尤其涉及一种无线充电设备、对位方法、系统及充电底座。
背景技术
无线充电技术(wireless charging technology，WCT)利用电场、磁场、微波或者激光等传导介质以实现电能的无线传输，由于其具有无导线限制、无插拔等优势，目前在电子设备上的应用越来越广泛。
目前，越来越多的电子设备采用无线充电设备为其进行无线充电，例如电子设备可以为手机、可穿戴设备等。无线充电设备中包括发射线圈，电子设备中包括接收线圈。发射线圈和接收线圈之间通过电磁场耦合来实现电能的无线传输。
无线充电时，需要发射线圈和接收线圈位于一定的空间距离内，例如对于电子设备为手机或穿戴设备时，一般要求无线充电设备中的发射线圈和手机中的接收线圈的位置偏差小于10mm。如果发射线圈和接收线圈的位置偏差太大，也不能实现无线充电，如果偏差较小，可以实现无线充电，但因为偏差的存在，也会影响充电效率。
因此，为了无线充电被更好地应用，需要对发射线圈进行自动对位，即控制发射线圈运动至与接收线圈对正的位置，从而提高无线充电的充电效率。
目前，现有技术提供的自动对位的方案是在发射线圈上增加一层小线圈矩阵，利用小线圈矩阵来进行位置检测。
小线圈矩阵可以识别接收线圈的位置，从而移动发射线圈，实现发射线圈与接收线圈进行对位。
但是，在发射线圈上额外增加小线圈矩阵，在无线充电时，小线圈矩阵会带来额外的损耗，降低充电效率。另外，小线圈矩阵本身属于金属，在检测发射线圈与接收线圈之间的异物时，会造成异物检测不准确。
发明内容
为了解决以上的技术问题，本申请提供一种无线充电设备、对位方法、系统及充电底座，能够实现无线充电设备与电子设备的自动对位，不会带来额外的损耗，也不影响异物检测的准确性。
本申请实施例提供一种无线充电设备，无线充电设备用于为手机或穿戴设备等电子设备进行无线充电，该无线充电设备可以在电子设备放置在无线充电设备上的位置较偏，致使电子设备中的接收线圈与发射线圈偏离时，通过控制发射线圈移动与接收线圈对正。基于发射线圈和接收线圈之间的位置偏差与发射线圈的自感存在单调关系，位置偏差越大，发射线圈的自感越小；发射线圈和接收线圈之间的位置偏差与谐振网络的谐振频率存在单调关系，位置偏差越大，谐振频率越大。因此，根据发射线圈的 自感或者谐振频率均可以实现发射线圈的位置对正。即根据发射线圈的自感或谐振频率均可以找到对位的移动方向，控制器控制发射线圈按照移动方向移动，使发射线圈和接收线圈之间的位置偏差越来越小。
本实施例提供的无线充电设备，不必增加线圈矩阵，因此不会带来额外的损耗，也不影响异物检测的准确性。该无线充电设备仅依靠控制器便可以实现发射线圈的自动对位，实现发射线圈与接收线圈之间相对位置的调节，为无线充电做准备。由于该无线充电设备可以实现自动对位，因此可以提高无线充电设备为电子设备进行无线充电的自由度，提高用户的体验感。
该无线充电设备包括：谐振网络、逆变电路和控制器；谐振网络包括谐振电容和发射线圈；逆变电路的输入端连接直流电源，逆变电路的输出端连接谐振网络；控制器根据所述发射线圈的自感或所述谐振网络的谐振频率确定所述发射线圈的移动方向，根据所述发射线圈的移动方向控制所述发射线圈移动，以使所述无线充电设备与所述电子设备进行对位；所述发射线圈的自感沿着所述发射线圈的移动方向增大，所述谐振频率沿着所述发射线圈的移动方向减小。
优选地，该无线充电设备为了使发射线圈移动，还包括：对位机构；对位机构在控制器的控制下，驱动发射线圈沿着移动方向移动。
优选地，所述对位机构至少包括：电驱动部件、第一导轨和第二导轨；所述第一导轨和所述第二导轨相互垂直；所述电驱动部件，用于驱动所述发射线圈沿着所述第一导轨和所述第二导轨运动；所述控制器用于控制所述电驱动部件，以使所述发射线圈沿着所述移动方向移动。
本申请实施例不具体限定电驱动部件的实现形式，例如可以为马达，给马达供电，控制器控制马达的旋转方向和转速等。例如可以包括两个马达，第一马达和第二马达，其中，第一马达驱动发射线圈沿着第一导轨运动，第二马达驱动发射线圈沿着第二导轨运动。
优选地，无线充电设备处于不可通讯区域和可通讯区域时，控制器根据发射线圈的自感或所述谐振网络的谐振频率确定发射线圈的移动方向。尤其是在不可通讯区域，需要根据自感或谐振频率确定移动方向。其中不可通讯区域是指处于无法起ping区域，可通讯区域是指处于起ping区域。在可通讯区域，控制器也可以根据其他充电参数确定移动方向，后续再详细介绍。
优选地，一种实现方式是中心移动法，即控制器控制发射线圈以初始位置为中心，在中心的周围移动，获得发射线圈移动过程中所述发射线圈的自感最大方向，所述发射线圈的自感最大方向为所述移动方向。在周围移动可以为均匀地在周围移动，也可以螺旋式地在周围移动，也可以不均匀地在中心周围移动，本申请实施例不做具体限定。
优选地，可以采用圆周移动来控制发射线圈，即控制器控制所述发射线圈以初始位置为中心，在预设半径的圆周上移动，获得所述发射线圈在所述圆周上移动过程中所述发射线圈的自感最大方向。预设半径可以根据移动的距离和移动的速度来选择。 另外也可以根据对位的时间来设定预设半径，如果要求对位时间越短，则预设半径可以取值稍微大一些，反之稍微小一些。本申请实施例不具体限定在圆周上移动时的采样点的个数，可以根据对位时间以及计算精度来选择。
优选地，为了加快对位，缩短对位时间，可以采取三角形的三个顶点来移动，即每一次迭代仅考虑三角形的三个顶点处的发射线圈的自感的大小。控制器控制所述发射线圈以初始位置为起点，在所述起点周围分别移动至第一点和第二点，所述起点、所述第一点和所述第二点形成三角形，根据第一点和所述第二点分别对应的所述发射线圈的自感确定所述移动方向。
优选地，为了减少计算量，加速对位，缩短时间，可以采取直角三角形的三个顶点来移动，即每一次迭代采样直角三角形的三个顶点处的发射线圈的自感的大小，根据三个顶点的发射线圈的自感的大小确定下一步的移动方向。由于直角三角形的各个角度对应的三角函数便于计算，因此，采取直角三角形可以降低计算难度。即起点为直角三角形的两条直角边的共同顶点，所述第一点和所述第二点分别为所述两条直角边的另两个顶点。
优选地，所述控制器，用于在不可通讯区域时，根据发射线圈的自感或谐振网络的谐振频率确定移动方向；还用于在无线充电设备与电子设备处于可通讯区域时，由充电参数确定移动方向；所述充电参数沿着由充电参数确定的移动方向呈现单调变化。
优选地，所述充电参数沿着由所述充电参数确定的移动方向的移动单调增大的包括以下至少一项：
所述发射线圈的自感、充电频率、充电效率、所述电子设备中整流电路的输出电压、所述发射线圈的自感与所述发射线圈的交流阻抗的乘积、所述发射线圈与所述接收线圈之间的互感、所述发射线圈与所述接收线圈之间的耦合系数、所述发射线圈与所述辅助线圈之间的互感、所述发射线圈与所述辅助线圈之间的耦合系数和所述电子设备中辅助线圈的开路电压；所述充电参数随着所述移动方向的移动单调减小的包括以下至少一项：所述发射线圈的电流和所述逆变电路的输入电压。
优选地，无线充电设备中的控制器可以通过是否接收到电子设备发送的数据包判断是是否进入可通讯区域。即控制器在未收到电子设备发送的数据包，且发射线圈的自感大于预设阈值时，判断无线充电设备与电子设备处于不可通讯区域。此处的发射线圈的自感大于预设阈值时相对于没有电子设备时的自感而言的。
优选地，控制器，还用于根据谐振网络的谐振频率和所述谐振网络的谐振电容获得所述发射线圈的自感。
本申请实施例还提供一种无线充电的对位方法，应用于无线充电设备，无线充电设备用于为手机或穿戴设备等电子设备进行无线充电，该无线充电设备可以在电子设备放置在无线充电设备上的位置较偏，致使电子设备中的接收线圈与发射线圈偏离时，通过控制发射线圈移动与接收线圈对正。基于发射线圈和接收线圈之间的位置偏差与发射线圈的自感存在单调关系，位置偏差越大，发射线圈的自感越小；发射线圈和接收线圈之间的位置偏差与谐振网络的谐振频率存在单调关系，位置偏差越大，谐振频 率越大。因此，根据发射线圈的自感或者谐振频率均可以实现发射线圈的位置对正。即根据发射线圈的自感或谐振频率均可以找到对位的移动方向，控制器控制发射线圈按照移动方向移动，使发射线圈和接收线圈之间的位置偏差越来越小。所述无线充电设备包括：谐振网络、逆变电路和控制器；所述谐振网络包括谐振电容和发射线圈；所述逆变电路的输入端用于连接直流电源，所述逆变电路的输出端用于连接所述谐振网络；该包括：获得所述发射线圈的自感或所述谐振网络的谐振频率；根据所述发射线圈的自感或所述谐振网络的谐振频率确定所述发射线圈的移动方向；根据所述发射线圈的移动方向控制所述发射线圈移动，以使所述无线充电设备与所述电子设备进行对位；所述发射线圈的自感沿着所述发射线圈的移动方向增大，所述谐振频率沿着所述发射线圈的移动方向减小。
不必增加线圈矩阵，因此不会带来额外的损耗，也不影响异物检测的准确性。该无线充电设备仅依靠控制器便可以实现发射线圈的自动对位，实现发射线圈与接收线圈之间相对位置的调节，为无线充电做准备。由于该无线充电设备可以实现自动对位，因此可以提高无线充电设备为电子设备进行无线充电的自由度，提高用户的体验感。
优选地，所述根据所述发射线圈的自感或所述谐振网络的谐振频率确定所述发射线圈的移动方向，具体包括：所述无线充电设备至少处于不可通讯区域时，根据所述发射线圈的自感或所述谐振网络的谐振频率确定所述发射线圈的移动方向。
优选地，一种实现方式是中心移动法，在周围移动可以为均匀地在周围移动，也可以螺旋式地在周围移动，也可以不均匀地在中心周围移动，本申请实施例不做具体限定。根据所述发射线圈的自感确定所述发射线圈的移动方向，具体包括：控制所述发射线圈以初始位置为中心，在所述中心的周围移动，获得所述发射线圈移动过程中所述发射线圈的自感最大方向，所述发射线圈的自感最大方向为所述移动方向。
优选地，可以采用圆周移动来控制发射线圈，所述控制所述发射线圈以初始位置为中心，在所述中心的周围移动，具体包括：控制所述发射线圈以初始位置为中心，在预设半径的圆周上移动。预设半径可以根据移动的距离和移动的速度来选择。另外也可以根据对位的时间来设定预设半径，如果要求对位时间越短，则预设半径可以取值稍微大一些，反之稍微小一些。本申请实施例不具体限定在圆周上移动时的采样点的个数，可以根据对位时间以及计算精度来选择。
优选地，为了加快对位，缩短对位时间，可以采取三角形的三个顶点来移动，即每一次迭代仅考虑三角形的三个顶点处的发射线圈的自感的大小。所述根据所述发射线圈的自感确定所述发射线圈的移动方向，具体包括：控制所述发射线圈以初始位置为起点，在所述起点周围分别移动至第一点和第二点，所述起点、所述第一点和所述第二点形成三角形，根据所述第一点和所述第二点分别对应的所述发射线圈的自感确定所述移动方向。
优选地，为了减少计算量，加速对位，缩短时间，可以采取直角三角形的三个顶点来移动，即每一次迭代采样直角三角形的三个顶点处的发射线圈的自感的大小，根据三个顶点的发射线圈的自感的大小确定下一步的移动方向。由于直角三角形的各个 角度对应的三角函数便于计算，因此，采取直角三角形可以降低计算难度。所述起点为直角三角形的两条直角边的共同顶点，所述第一点和所述第二点分别为所述两条直角边的另两个顶点。
优选地，在所述不可通讯区域时，根据所述发射线圈的自感或所述谐振网络的谐振频率确定所述移动方向；还包括：在所述无线充电设备与所述电子设备处于可通讯区域时，由充电参数确定所述移动方向；所述充电参数沿着由所述充电参数确定的移动方向呈现单调变化。
优选地，所述充电参数沿着由所述充电参数确定的移动方向呈现单调增大的包括以下至少一项：所述发射线圈的自感、充电频率、充电效率、所述电子设备中整流电路的输出电压、所述发射线圈的自感与所述发射线圈的交流阻抗的乘积、所述发射线圈与所述接收线圈之间的互感、所述发射线圈与所述接收线圈之间的耦合系数、所述发射线圈与所述辅助线圈之间的互感、所述发射线圈与所述辅助线圈之间的耦合系数和所述电子设备中辅助线圈的开路电压；所述充电参数沿着由所述充电参数确定的移动方向呈现单调减小的包括以下至少一项：所述发射线圈的电流和所述逆变电路的输入电压。
优选地，还包括：在未收到所述电子设备发送的数据包，且所述发射线圈的自感大于预设阈值时，判断所述无线充电设备与所述电子设备处于不可通讯区域。
优选地，还包括：根据所述谐振网络的谐振频率和所述谐振网络的谐振电容获得所述发射线圈的自感。
本申请实施例还提供一种无线充电系统，其特征在于，包括以上介绍的无线充电设备，还包括电子设备；所述电子设备包括：接收线圈和整流电路；所述无线充电设备，用于给所述电子设备进行无线充电。该电子设备可以为手机或可穿戴设备等。
本申请实施例还提供一种无线充电底座，例如为手机或可穿戴设备进行无线充电，可穿戴设备例如为蓝牙耳机或电话手表等，包括：电源接口、谐振网络、逆变电路、控制器、发射线圈底盘、对准导轨；所述电源接口，用于连接适配器传输的直流电；所述谐振网络包括谐振电容和发射线圈；所述发射线圈底盘，用于放置所述发射线圈；所述逆变电路的输入端用于连接所述电源接口，所述逆变电路的输出端用于连接所述谐振网络；所述控制器，用于根据所述发射线圈的自感或所述谐振网络的谐振频率确定所述发射线圈的移动方向，根据所述发射线圈的移动方向控制所述发射线圈底盘在所述对准导轨上移动，以使所述无线充电设备与所述电子设备进行对位；所述发射线圈的自感沿着所述发射线圈的移动方向增大，所述谐振频率沿着所述发射线圈的移动方向减小。
本实施例提供的无线充电底座，可以根据发射线圈的自感或谐振网络的谐振频率确定移动方向，然后控制发射线圈沿着移动方向移动，从而使发射线圈的自感随着移动方向增大，而谐振频率随着移动方向减小，以使发射线圈和接收线圈实现对位。由于该无线充电底座可以自动控制发射线圈移动，实现与手机等具有无线充电功能的电子设备中的接收线圈实现对位，因此，扩大了与电子设备无线充电的自由度，降低了 对于用户放置手机准确度的要求，提高了用户体验。
优选地，所述对准导轨至少包括：在所述水平面的投影相互垂直的第一导轨和第二导轨；还包括：电驱动部件；所述电驱动部件，用于驱动所述发射线圈沿着所述第一导轨和所述第二导轨运动；所述控制器用于控制所述电驱动部件，以使所述发射线圈沿着所述移动方向移动。
本申请实施例不具体限定电驱动部件的实现形式，例如可以为马达，给马达供电，控制器控制马达的旋转方向和转速等。例如可以包括两个马达，第一马达和第二马达，其中，第一马达驱动发射线圈沿着第一导轨运动，第二马达驱动发射线圈沿着第二导轨运动。
优选地，本申请实施例不具体限定充电底座的具体形态，例如为了增加美观度，以及节省材质和空间，无线充电底座可以为圆盘形，相应地发射线圈为圆盘形。
与现有技术相比，本申请实施例提供的技术方案具有以下优点：
基于发射线圈和接收线圈之间的位置偏差与发射线圈的自感存在单调关系，位置偏差越大，发射线圈的自感越小；发射线圈和接收线圈之间的位置偏差与谐振网络的谐振频率存在单调关系，位置偏差越大，谐振频率越大。因此，根据发射线圈的自感或者谐振频率均可以实现发射线圈的位置对正。即根据发射线圈的自感或谐振频率均可以找到对位的移动方向，控制器控制发射线圈按照移动方向移动，使发射线圈和接收线圈之间的位置偏差越来越小。
本实施例提供的无线充电设备，不必增加线圈矩阵，因此不会带来额外的损耗，也不影响异物检测的准确性。该无线充电设备仅依靠控制器便可以实现发射线圈的自动对位，实现发射线圈与接收线圈之间相对位置的调节，为无线充电做准备。由于该无线充电设备可以实现自动对位，因此可以提高无线充电设备为电子设备进行无线充电的自由度，提高用户的体验感。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的无线充电系统的示意图；
图2为图1中电子设备的结构的示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的无线充电系统的电路示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种无线充电设备的示意图；
题5A为本申请实施例提供的又一种无线充电设备的示意图；
图5B本申请实施例提供的发射线圈的自感与偏差的关系图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种发射线圈的电压振荡曲线图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种发射线圈移动的示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的另一种发射线圈移动的示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的再一种发射线圈移动的示意图
图10为本申请实施例提供的又一种发射线圈移动的示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的再一种发射线圈移动的示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的又一种无线充电系统的示意图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的另一种无线充电系统的示意图；
图14为本申请实施例提供的一种对位方法的流程图；
图15为本申请实施例提供的另一种对位方法的流程图；
图16为本申请实施例提供的又一种对位方法的流程图；
图17为本申请实施例提供的再一种对位方法的流程图；
图18为本申请实施例提供的一种无线充电系统的示意图；
图19为本申请实施例提供的一种对位结构的示意图。
具体实施方式
以下说明中的“第一”、“第二”等用词仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”等的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多该特征。在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
此外，本申请中，“上”、“下”等方位术语可以包括但不限于相对附图中的部件示意置放的方位来定义的，应当理解到，这些方向性术语可以是相对的概念，它们用于相对于的描述和澄清，其可以根据附图中部件附图所放置的方位的变化而相应地发生变化。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“连接”应做广义理解，例如，“连接”可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。此外，术语“耦接”可以是实现信号传输的电性连接的方式。“耦接”可以是直接的电性连接，也可以通过中间媒介间接电性连接。
本申请实施例不具体限定电子设备的类型，电子设备可以为手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑(pad)、带无线收发功能的电脑、智能穿戴产品(例如，智能手表、智能手环、耳机等)、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端设备、增强现实(augmented reality AR)终端设备等具有无线设备。上述电子设备还可以是无线充电电动汽车、无线充电家用电器(例如豆浆机、扫地机器人)、无人机等电子产品。
为了使本领域技术人员更好地理解本申请实施例提供的技术方案，下面先介绍电子设备无线充电的应用场景，以电子设备为手机为例进行介绍。
参见图1，该图为本申请实施例提供的无线充电系统的示意图。
当电子设备为手机时，无线充电设备为无线充电器02，无线充电器02用于为电子设备01(即手机)进行无线充电。图示的无线充电器02支撑电子设备01水平放置在其上方，在一些实施例中，无线充电器02还可以具备其它形态，例如为立式无线充电器，具备一定的倾斜度，以使电子设备01可以倚靠贴紧无线充电器02。
该无线充电系统包括设置于电子设备01内的无线充电接收(Receive，RX)装置20和与该无线充电接收装置20相耦接的电池50。
该无线充电系统还包括设置于无线充电器02内的无线充电发射(Transmit，TX)装置30，以及与该无线充电发射装置30相耦接的适配器40，该适配器40用于提供充电电能。
无线充电发射装置30对无线充电接收装置20进行功率传输；无线充电发射装置 30和无线充电接收装置20之间可以传输控制信号或者传输充电数据。传输控制信号或者传输充电数据可以通过带内通讯实现，也可以通过带外通讯实现。无线充电发射装置30和无线充电接收装置20之间通过蓝牙(Bluetooth)、无线宽带(Wireless-Fidelity，WiFi)、紫蜂协议(Zigbee)、射频识别技术(Radio Frequency Identification，RFID)、远程(Long range，Lora)无线技术或近距离无线通信技术(Near Field Communication，NFC)等带外通讯方式实现无线连接，以使得无线充电发射装置30和无线充电接收装置20之间可以建立无线通信。
该充电数据可以用于指示充电类型。在一些实施例中，该充电数据可以为充电协议，例如无线充电联盟(Wireless Power Consortium，WPC)推出的无线充电标准Qi，例如BPP(Basic Power Profile)协议，或者EPP(Extended Power Profile)协议等。
参见图2，该图为图1中电子设备的结构的示意图。
以上述电子设备01为手机为例，其主要包括显示屏(Display Panel，DP)10。该显示屏10可以为液晶显示(Liquid Crystal Display，LCD)屏，或者，有机发光二极管(Organic Light Emitting Diode，OLED)显示屏等，当手机采用折叠屏架构或多屏架构时，手机还可以包括多块屏幕，多块屏幕还可以是以上不同类型屏幕的组合，本申请对此不作限定。
上述电子设备01还可以包括中框11和壳体12。显示屏10和壳体12分别位于中框11的两侧，显示屏10的背面朝向壳体12，且该显示屏10和壳体12通过中框11相连接。其中，中框11包括承载板110以及绕承载板110一周的边框111。电子设备01还可以包括印刷电路板(Printed Circuit Boards，PCB)。
下面结合附图介绍无线充电的工作原理。
参见图3，该图为本申请实施例提供的无线充电系统的电路示意图。
无线充电发射装置30，用于发射磁场能量。无线充电发射装置30可以位于无线充电设备中。
无线充电发射装置30包括逆变电路DC/AC31，所述逆变电路DC/AC31的输入端用于连接直流电源，例如连接适配器输出的直流电，逆变电路DC/AC31的输出端连接谐振网络，谐振网络包括谐振电容C1和发射线圈L1。本申请实施例中以谐振电容C1和发射线圈L1串联谐振为例。
无线充电接收装置20，用于接收无线充电发射装置30发射的磁场能量。无线充电接收装置20可以位于电子设备中。
无线充电标准Qi推荐采用带内通讯传输控制信号和充电数据，将控制信号携带在无线功率的发射上，所以能够传输控制信号的前提是发射线圈的电流产生的交变磁场能在接收线圈建立足够的感应电压，形成功率传输。在Qi协议中，无线充电发射装置30在Ping阶段识别到无线充电接收装置20返回的信号强度包后，两者成功建立通讯。
无线充电设备和电子设备之间进行无线充电时，适用无线充电的QI协议，QI协议规定无线充电的阶段包括：Ping阶段(起ping阶段)、识别和配置阶段、电能传输阶段。
当无线充电设备和电子设备进入ping阶段时，表明无线充电设备和电子设备位于可通 讯区域，即起ping区域。当无线充电设备和电子设备位于不可通讯区域时，无线充电设备和电子设备不会进入起ping区域，又称为无法实现起ping区域、不可功率传输区域、无法进行信号强度包检测区域。
以下实施例中为了描述方便，起ping区域对应可通讯区域，无法起ping区域对应不可通讯区域。
无线充电接收装置20中包括接收线圈L2，电容C2和整流电路AC/DC21。整流电路AC/DC21将接收线圈L2输出的交流电转换为直流电为电池进行充电。
无线充电设备将输入的电能变换为磁场能量后，无线充电设备通过无线充电发射装置30发射磁场能量；电子设备位于无线充电设备附近时，电子设备通过无线充电接收装置20接收无线充电设备发出的磁场能量，并将磁场能量进行变换为电能，以对电子设备充电。由此，实现电能由无线充电设备向电子设备的无线传输。
当无线充电设备和电子设备之间通过带内通讯时，包括可通讯区域和不可通讯区域。其中，被充电子设备为手机或可穿戴设备时，例如可通讯区域一般是指发射线圈和接收线圈的平面位置偏差在10mm以内。例如当发射线圈为圆盘形状，接收线圈为圆盘形状，无线充电设备平放时，发射线圈所在的平面与水平面平行，手机平放在无线充电设备上，接收线圈所在平面与发射线圈所在平面几乎平行，由于发射线圈和接收线圈均为圆盘，因此，发射线圈和接收线圈的平面位置偏差指的是发射线圈的中心与接收线圈的中心在平面上的偏差。
当发射线圈和接收线圈的平面位置偏差较大时，例如大于10mm，两者不可通讯。例如手机发送的数据包，无线充电设备接收失败。当无线充电设备接收不到电子设备发送的数据包时，无线充电设备无法进行闭环控制实现无线充电，即无法实现功率传输。当发射线圈和接收线圈处于不可通讯区域时，无线充电设备无法根据发射线圈的电流、逆变电路的输入电压、整流电路的输出电压、充电效率或充电频率来控制发射线圈移动以实现位置对正。
无线充电设备和电子设备在不可通讯区域时，发射线圈的自感与水平位置存在单调关系，因此为了解决在不可通讯区域的对位，可以利用发射线圈的自感与水平位置偏差之间的单调关系，控制发射线圈移动，以使发射线圈和接收线圈之间的位置偏差缩小，进入可通讯区域。无线充电设备和电子设备之间可通讯的必要条件是电子设备的感应电压必须达到一定的强度。另外，由于发射线圈的自感与位置偏差存在单调关系，在可通讯区域，也可以利用发射线圈的自感实现发射线圈和接收线圈之间的对位。即，利用发射线圈的自感实现发射线圈和接收线圈的对位既适用于可通讯区域，又适用于不可通讯区域。
无线充电设备实施例一
下面结合附图4介绍本申请实施例提供的无线充电设备进行自动对位的工作原理。
参见图4，该图为本申请实施例提供的一种无线充电设备的示意图。
本实施例提供的无线充电设备，用于为电子设备进行无线充电，包括：谐振网络、逆变电路和控制器；
所述谐振网络包括谐振电容和发射线圈；
所述逆变电路的输入端用于连接直流电源，所述逆变电路的输出端用于连接所述谐振网络；
本实施例中以逆变电路为全桥电路为例进行介绍，逆变电路包括四个可控开关管，分别为S1-S4。
所述控制器32，用于根据所述发射线圈的自感L1或所述谐振网络的谐振频率确定所述发射线圈的移动方向，根据所述移动方向控制所述发射线圈移动，以使所述无线充电设备与所述电子设备进行对位；发射线圈的自感L1随着发射线圈的移动方向增大，谐振频率随着发射线圈的移动方向减小。
发射线圈和接收线圈之间的位置偏差与发射线圈的自感L1存在单调关系，发射线圈和接收线圈之间的位置偏差与谐振网络的谐振频率也存在单调关系。
下面以控制器根据
由于发射线圈的自感L1与位置偏差呈负相关的关系，因此，位置偏差越小，则发射线圈的自感L1会越大，因此可以根据L1的变化趋势，确定发射线圈的移动方向，应该朝着L1增大的方向移动发射线圈，即可实现发射线圈与接收线圈的位置对正。
在一种实现方式中，该无线充电设备可以包括对位机构，如图5A所示，该图为本申请实施例提供的又一种无线充电设备的示意图。
本实施例提供的无线充电设备还包括对位机构33。
控制器32根据所述发射线圈的移动方向控制对位机构33驱动所述发射线圈沿着所述移动方向移动。
对位机构的一种实现方式是，对位机构至少包括：第一马达、第二马达、第一导轨和第二导轨；
第一导轨和所述第二导轨相互垂直；
第一马达，用于驱动所述发射线圈沿着所述第一导轨运动；
第二马达，用于驱动所述发射线圈沿着所述第二导轨运动；
控制器用于控制所述第一马达和所述第二马达，以使所述发射线圈沿着所述移动方向移动。参见图5B，该图为本申请实施例提供的发射线圈的自感与偏差的关系图。图5B中的x和y分别表示水平面上的两个互相垂直的方向，例如x表示水平方向，则y表示与水平方向垂直的方向，单位均为毫米mm。
当发射线圈和接收线圈位于不可通讯区域时，只能利用发射线圈的自感L1进行发射线圈与接收线圈之间相对位置判断。
如图5B所示，随着无线充电设备与电子设备之间相对位置的变化，发射线圈的自感L1随之变化，总体上呈现在同一水平面上，发射线圈的自感L1随着位置偏差的增大而呈现下降的趋势，例如，x和y的坐标均为0时，对应的L1为7.8uH，x和y均为 5mm时，对应的L1为7.65uH，即位置偏差越大则L1越小，即L1与位置偏差成负相关的关系。
例如，在不可通讯区域，利用L1进行对位时，可以根据L1控制发射线圈移入可通讯区域。在可通讯区域利用L1进行对位时，可以根据L1控制发射线圈与接收线圈对正。
可以理解的是，移动方向并不是一次性便可以获得，需要在多个位置进行发射线圈的自感的检测，才可以确定移动轨迹，例如至少检测两个位置的L1，比较两个位置的L1的大小，才可以确定移动方向，最终使发射线圈移入可通讯区域。
图5仅是示意了发射线圈的自感随着无线充电设备和电子设备的位置偏差的变化趋势，除了发射线圈的自感与位置偏差存在单调关系以外，还可以利用谐振网络的谐振频率来进行对位，谐振频率与位置偏差存在正相关的关系，即位置偏差越大，则谐振频率越大，反过来就是位置偏差越小谐振频率越小。
下面结合附图介绍获得谐振频率和发射线圈的自感的方式。
参见图6，该图为本申请实施例提供的一种发射线圈的电压振荡曲线图。
发射线圈的自感的检测主要由无线充电设备的控制器来实现。
无线充电系统上电后，进入谐振参数检测阶段，继续参见图5，在全桥电路(S1-S4)的直流母线提供一个直流电压，同时控制全桥电路的第一开关管S1和第四开关管S4导通，控制第二开关管S2和第三开关管S3断开，此时，S1、C1、L1和S4形成通路，为谐振电容C1进行充电，接收线圈L2保持与负载断开连接。
当系统达到稳态后，断开S1，闭合S2，谐振电容C1存储的能量将在L1、C1、S2和S4构成的回路中放电，振荡衰减时，发射线圈的上端的电压Vcoil的振荡衰减波形如图6所示。从振荡衰减的波形图中可以获得谐振电容C1与线圈电感L1之间的电压Vcoil的谐振周期，由于振荡周期与谐振频率互为倒数，因此，由谐振周期可以获得谐振频率f 0。又由于谐振电容C1的值已知，因此，根据以下公式可以获得线圈电感L1。
Figure PCTCN2021110193-appb-000001
根据振荡衰减的波形获得谐振周期，具体可以根据图中的振荡衰减曲线上任两个相邻的波谷点之间的时间间隔计算得到。
本申请实施例中以L1和C1形成串联谐振为例进行的介绍，当谐振网络为其他连接方式时，只要可以获得谐振频率即可，本申请实施例中不具体限定谐振网络的具体实现形式，可以为LC串联以外的其他连接形式。
本申请实施例提供的无线充电设备，基于发射线圈和接收线圈之间的位置偏差与发射线圈的自感存在单调关系，且发射线圈和接收线圈之间的位置偏差与谐振网络的谐振频率存在单调关系，因此，根据发射线圈的自感或者谐振频率均可以实现位置对正。即根据发射线圈的自感或谐振频率均可以找到对位的移动方向，控制器控制对位机构驱动发射线圈沿着移动方向进行移动，使发射线圈和接收线圈之间的位置偏差越来越小。本实施例提供的无线充电设备，不必增加线圈矩阵，仅依靠控制器和对位机构便可以实现发射线圈进入可通讯区域，实现发射线圈与接收线圈之间相对位置的粗 调，为无线充电做准备。
本实施例提供的无线充电设备，无论与电子设备利用蓝牙通讯，还是带内通讯，均可以利用发射线圈的自感或谐振频率来实现位置对位。例如，无线充电设备和电子设备之间利用带内通讯实现交互时，在起Ping区域，只可以利用发射线圈的自感或谐振频率来实现位置对位，在无法起Ping区域，可以继续利用发射线圈的自感或谐振频率来实现位置对位，也可以利用其它与位置偏差具有单调关系的充电参数实现对位。
无线充电实施例二
参见图7，该图为本申请实施例提供的一种发射线圈移动的示意图。
下面介绍控制器在所述无线充电设备与所述电子设备之间通过带内通讯，发射线圈至少处于无法起ping区域时，根据发射线圈的自感或谐振网络的谐振频率确定发射线圈的移动方向。另外，发射线圈位于起ping区域时，也可以根据发射线圈的自感或谐振网络的谐振频率确定发射线圈的移动方向，来控制发射线圈进行对位。
本申请实施例提供的无线充电设备，为了尽量减少对位时间，尽快使发射线圈移入可通讯区域，下面介绍确定移动方向的几种实现方式。
第一种：中心测量法；
对于发射线圈，接收线圈可能位于其周围的任何方向，即360度均有可能。因此，开始时，控制器可以控制对位机构驱动发射线圈以初始位置为中心，初始位置便是发射线圈的当前位置，如果发射线圈为圆盘形状，则以圆盘的中心为初始位置，在中心的周围移动，获得发射线圈移动过程中发射线圈的自感最大方向，所述发射线圈的自感最大方向为所述移动方向。
为了方便理解，图7中以初始位置O为中心点，在O点的周围寻找自感最大的方向，例如以O为中心点的正方形，在正方形的四个顶点分别进行发射线圈的自感测量，例如控制器控制发射线圈分别运行至A点、B点、C点和D点。通过对四个采样点的检测，发现A点对应的自感最大，因此，沿着OA方向控制发射线圈移动，由于检测时，发射线圈的位置最终是D点，先从D点控制发射线圈移动至A点，然后沿着OA的方向控制发射线圈移动。
图7介绍的是以四个采样点为例，仅是本申请实施例的一种示意性说明，为了更准确地确定移动方向，可以设置更多数量的采样点，下面介绍以O点为圆心，在预设半径的圆周上设置采样点。
参见图8，该图为本申请实施例提供的另一种发射线圈移动的示意图。
控制器控制所述对位机构驱动所述发射线圈以初始位置为中心，在预设半径的圆周上移动，获得所述发射线圈在所述圆周上移动过程中所述发射线圈的自感最大方向。
可以理解的是，发射线圈在移动过程中，移动的位置越多，例如以点来表示发射线圈移动的位置，则点的个数越多，则最终获得自感最大方向则准确性越高，但是个数越多，耗时越久。
因此，为了节省时间，可以在中心点的周围均匀获取几个采样点，控制发射线圈 移动到均匀布置的采样点，获得每个采样点对应的发射线圈的自感，以发射线圈的自感最大对应的方向为自感最大方向。
例如，在中心点的周围360度，均匀取值6个采样点，则60度为一个采样点，控制发射线圈依次移动到6个采样点，获得6个采样点中每个采样点对应的L1，为了方便描述，以A、B、C、D、E、F分别表示6个采样点，从A点依次移动到F点，以初始位置为O点，则AO与FO之间的夹角为60度，遍历完6个采样点之后，获知B点对应的发射线圈的自感最大，则最大移动方向为OB方向，OB即为移动方向。遍历完毕时，发射线圈的位置为F点，则从F点移动至B点，再从B点开始，沿着OB的直线方向进行移动。
需要说明的是，图8所示的接收线圈RX的中心恰好在直线OB上，但是实际移动时，受限于采样点的个数，以及实际位置的差异，一般RX的中心可能不在直线OB上，此时可以根据OB确定的方向移动，一边移动一边检测新移动至的位置周围的采样点处的自感，根据自感重新确定新的移动方向，直至发射线圈移入可通讯区域。也可以沿着与OB靠近一定角度的直线方向进行移动，一边移动一边检测新位置周围的采样点的自感，根据自感重新确定新的移动方向。
重新确定移动方向的方式与第一次确定移动方向的方式相同，在此不再赘述，原理相同。
如图9所示，RX的中心点不在直线OB上，如果一直沿着直线OB移动发射线圈，可能进入可通讯区域的过程耗时较久，为了降低对位的时间，可以一边移动一边确定新的移动方向，以使发射线圈尽快进入可通讯区域。
以上介绍的仅是以初始位置为中心点为例进行的介绍，只要在中心点的周围进行移动即可，例如可以不在正方形的边上取样，也可以不在圆周上取样，而可以在中心点的周围进行半径逐渐扩大的取样，例如以螺旋的方式进行移动，最终可以确定发射线圈的自感的最大方向即可。
下面介绍一种可以较快确定移动方向的方式，可以仅检测三个采样点的自感便可以确定移动方向，逐渐迭代，便可以控制发射线圈进入可通讯区域。触发每次迭代的条件可以是当检测到自感减小时，则需要重新确定移动方向。
第二种：三角形测量法。
参见图10，该图为本申请实施例提供的又一种发射线圈移动的示意图。
控制器控制所述对位结构驱动所述发射线圈以初始位置O为起点，在所述起点O周围分别移动到第一点A和第二点B，所述起点O、所述第一点A和所述第二点B形成三角形OAB，根据所述第一点A和所述第二点B分别对应的所述发射线圈的自感确定所述移动方向。
例如，通过检测，A点对应的发射线圈的自感大于B点对应的发射线圈的自感，因此，可以控制发射线圈沿着靠近OA的方向移动。如图可以沿着OC的方向移动，OC与OA之间的夹角为θ，OC与OA之间的夹角小于OC与OB之间的夹角。
具体移动时，可以先检测A点对应的自感，即将发射线圈从O点移动到A点，然 后再从A点移动到B点，获得B点对应的自感，最终从B点移动到与OA成一定角度的直线上OC上，沿着OC逐渐移动，在移动过程中可以重新构建三角形，根据测量的自感重新确定移动方向，即逐渐迭代，最终控制发射线圈移入可通讯区域。
本实施例中之所以设置A点和B点，且OAB为一个三角形，是因为，OAB不能在同一条直线上，OAB呈现三角形时，平衡了移动方向的准确性和耗时较短两个性能指标，既可以保证移动方向的准确性，又可以保证移动方向的确定耗时较短。本申请实施例中不限定OA与OB之间的夹角，可以为锐角，也可以为钝角，也可以为直角。
下面介绍OA与OB之间的夹角为直角的情况，即三角形OAB可以为普通直角三角形，也可以为等腰三角形，本实施例中不做具体限定。
参见图11，该图为本申请实施例提供的再一种发射线圈移动的示意图。
本实施例中以A点、B点和O点形成直流三角形为例，因为直角三角形时，可以保证在采样点较少的情况下，以最快速度确定移动方向。
控制器控制对位机构驱动发射线圈以初始位置为直角三角形的两个直角边的共同顶点，分别移动到所述两条直角边的另两个顶点，根据所述另两个顶点分别对应的所述发射线圈的自感获得所述移动方向。
如图11所示，控制器控制对位机构先驱动发射线圈从O点移动到A点，获得A点对应的自感，再控制发射线圈从A点移动到B点，获得B点对应的自感。其中，OA和OB之间的夹角为90度，即直角。根据A点和B点对应的自感，确定移动方向，即如果A点对应的自感大于B点对应的自感，则沿着与OA成一定夹角θ的直线OC为移动方向，控制发射线圈沿着该移动方向进行移动。
由于直角三角形中各个角度的三角函数便于计算，因此，利用直角三角形来确定移动方向比较便利。
以上实施例中介绍的仅是示意性说明发射线圈的移动方向，具体如何控制发射线圈的移动，可以包括多种实现方式，本实施例中不做具体限定，只要根据发射线圈的自感逐渐增大的趋势，位置偏差就随之减小，便可以将发射线圈移入可通讯区域。
无线充电设备实施例三
以上实施例介绍的是对位过程中将发射线圈移入可通讯区域的实现方式，下面介绍发射线圈进入可通讯区域之后，控制器控制发射线圈与接收线圈对正的工作原理。
参见图12，该图为本申请实施例提供的又一种无线充电系统的示意图。
在无线充电系统中，无线充电设备作为发射端，电子设备作为接收端。
本实施例提供的无线充电设备包括控制器32，即发射端控制器。电子设备包括控制器22，即接收端控制器。无线充电设备的控制器32可以收到电子设备的控制器22之间通过无线通讯方式交互数据。
无线充电设备的控制器32可以收到电子设备的控制器22发送的数据包，且发射线圈的自感小于等于预设阈值时，判断无线充电设备与电子设备处于可通讯区域。
当发射线圈移入可通讯区域时，多种与充电相关的充电参数均与位置偏差存在单 调关系，因此，控制器只要根据与位置偏差存在单调关系的充电参数便可以控制发射线圈对位，最终使发射线圈与接收线圈对正。
无线充电设备的控制器32，还用于在无线充电设备与所述电子设备处于可通讯区域时，根据充电参数确定所述发射线圈的移动方向，根据所述移动方向控制所述对位机构驱动所述发射线圈移动，直至所述发射线圈与所述电子设备中的接收线圈对正；
充电参数随着所述移动方向的移动呈现单调增大或单调减小。
当发射线圈与接收线圈的相对位置较近时，电子设备的控制器22和无线充电设备的控制器32之间可以通讯。发射线圈进入功率传输阶段，对位可以利用的充电参数至少包括以下一项：发射线圈的电流Icoil、DC/AC31的输入电压Vbus、电子设备AC/DC21的输出电压Vrect、谐振频率或系统效率等参数随着位置的变化趋势而控制发射线圈继续移动，直至发射线圈和接收线圈的位置对正。
如果发射线圈不进入功率传输阶段，可以继续依据发射线圈的自感L1随着位置的变化趋势而控制发射线圈继续移动，以发射线圈与接收线圈对正为目标，实现无线充电设备与电子设备的对正。
当发射线圈位于可通讯区域时，以上参数均可用于发射线圈和接收线圈之间相对位置的判断，根据以上参数的变化趋势来控制发射线圈进行移动。根据以上参数的不同，可通讯区域内的自动对位方案可分为以下四类：
第一类、基于发射线圈的自感L1，或，L1与发射线圈的交流阻抗ACR的乘积进行自动对位。
以上实施例介绍的发射线圈在不可通讯区域的对位方案同样适用于在可通讯区域的对位，在此不再赘述，直至发射线圈与接收线圈的中心对正之后，电子设备启动工作，进入无线充电阶段，开始功率传输。
例如，当发射线圈移位至L1最大值处，即L1不再随着发射线圈的移动变得更大时，则表明发射线圈的中心与接收线圈的中心已对正。
基于L1和ACR对发射线圈进行对位，既可以在通讯区域对位，又可以在不可通讯区域对位。
控制器基于第一类的充电参数进行对位时，由于第一类的充电参数仅是无线充电设备的自身参数，因此可在无线充电设备和电子设备之间还未进行功率传输时便可以控制发射线圈进行对位，不需要电子设备的任何充电参数。
以下介绍的三类对位方式仅适用于在可通讯区域的对位。
第二类、基于Icoil、Vbus或充电频率进行自动对位。
当无线充电设备的控制器基于Icoil、Vbus或充电频率等充电参数进行对位时，在功率传输状态下，仅依靠无线充电设备侧获得即可，不需要在电子设备侧获得对位需要的充电参数。
当发射线圈位于可通讯区域时，电子设备的控制器22控制电子设备中的充电电路启动工作，进入功率传输阶段，无线充电设备的控制器32控制充电频率固定通过调节电压为电子设备充电，即定频调压充电模式，在该模式下，在线检测DC/AC31的输入 电压或发射线圈的电流Icoil来控制发射线圈移动，直至发射线圈的中心与接收线圈的中心对正。可以理解的是，发射线圈的中心与接收线圈的中心对正，可以存在一定的误差，并不是指两个中心的投影完全重合，只要在设定的误差范围内，均视为发射线圈和接收线圈已经对正。
另外，无线充电设备的控制器32也可以控制输入电压固定，通过调节充电频率来为电子设备充电，即定压调频充电模式，在该模式下，在线检测发射线圈的电流Icoil或充电频率来控制发射线圈移动，直至发射线圈和接收线圈对正。
另外，无线充电设备的控制器32也可以固定DC/AC31的输入电压与充电频率，通过在线检测发射线圈的电流Icoil或电子设备中AC/DC21的输出电压Vrect来控制发射线圈移动，直至发射线圈与接收线圈对正。
第三类、充电效率、发射线圈与接收线圈之间的互感、发射线圈与接收线圈之间的耦合系数、电子设备中整流电路的输出电压Vrect进行自动对位。
无线充电设备的控制器利用充电效率、发射线圈与接收线圈之间的互感、发射线圈与接收线圈之间的耦合系数或电子设备中整流电路的输出电压进行对位时，需要无线充电设备和电子设备在功率传输状态下，结合电子设备侧的一部分充电参数，即需要电子设备侧将充电参数发送给无线充电设备。即无线充电设备根据第三类充电参数进行对位时，需要发射线圈位于可通讯区域且发射端和接收端进行功率传输的情况下。
其中，DC/AC31的输入电压即是DC/AC31的直流母线电压。AC/DC21的输出电压Vrect是AC/DC21整流后的直流电压。
第四类、利用电子设备中的辅助线圈。
当电子设备中设置辅助线圈时，可以利用与辅助线圈的相关参数控制发射线圈进行对位。
参见图13，该图为本申请实施例提供的另一种无线充电系统的示意图。
电子设备包括接收线圈L2、辅助线圈L3第一整流器21a和第二整流器21b，L2的第一端通过C2连接第一整流器21a的正输入端，L2的第二端连接第一整流器21a的负输入端。第一整流器21a的输出端用于连接后级充电电路，后级充电电路用于为电子设备中的电池进行充电。实质是L2和C2串联后连接在第一整流器21a的输入端。
辅助线圈L3和电容C3串联后连接第二整流器21b的输入端。
L1与L2之间的互感为M12，L1与L3之间的互感为M13。本实施例中利用M12和M13均可以控制发射线圈移动，使发射线圈与接收线圈对正。
当发射线圈进入可通讯区域后，电子设备的控制器22控制充电电路(包括AC/DC21等)启动工作，进入功率传输阶段，在线检测辅助线圈的开路电压、或发射线圈与辅助线圈之间的互感、或发射线圈与辅助线圈之间的耦合系数，根据以上参数中的任意一项可以控制发射线圈进行移动，直至发射线圈的中心与接收线圈的中心对正。
其中，发射线圈与辅助线圈之间的互感和耦合系数均与位置偏差负相关，即位置偏差越小，则发射线圈与辅助线圈之间的互感和耦合系数均越大。
对于发射线圈位于不可通讯区域的控制，属于对位的粗调阶段。当发射线圈进入可通讯区域后，控制发射线圈移位，使其与接收线圈对正，属于对于发射线圈的细调阶段。利用本实施例提供的细调阶段的控制，与以上实施例提供的粗调阶段的控制，最终可以使发射线圈与接收线圈对正，为无线充电做好前期准备。
以上提供的四种分类方式，充电参数与移动方向之间存在单调的变化关系，下面具体介绍。
充电参数沿着由充电参数确定的移动方向的移动增大的充电参数，包括以下至少一项：
所述发射线圈的自感、充电频率、充电效率、所述电子设备中整流电路的输出电压、所述发射线圈的自感与所述发射线圈的交流阻抗的乘积、所述发射线圈与所述接收线圈之间的互感、所述发射线圈与所述接收线圈之间的耦合系数、所述发射线圈与所述辅助线圈之间的互感、所述发射线圈与所述辅助线圈之间的耦合系数和所述电子设备中辅助线圈的开路电压。
所述充电参数随着移动方向的移动单调减小的包括以下至少一项：
所述发射线圈的电流和所述逆变电路的输入电压。
本申请实施例提供的无线充电设备，当无线充电设备和电子设备处于起ping区域时，只能利用发射线圈的自感或谐振网络的谐振频率确定发射线圈的移动方向。当无线充电设备和电子设备处于起ping区域时，可以继续利用发射线圈的自感或谐振网络的谐振频率确定移动方向。另外，当无线充电设备和电子设备处于起ping区域时，由于无线充电设备和电子设备处理可通讯区域，两者之间可以交互充电参数，因此，无线充电设备可以利用与移动方向成单调关系的充电参数来控制发射线圈移动，其中单调关关系包括单调增大关系和单调减小关系，例如，有的充电参数随着发射线圈移动而单调增大，有的充电参数随着发射线圈移动而单调减小。
基于以上实施例提供的一种无线充电设备，本申请实施例还提供一种无线充电的对位方法，下面结合附图对其工作流程进行详细介绍。
方法实施例一：
参见图14，该图为本申请实施例提供的一种无线充电的对位方法实施例一流程图。
本实施例提供的无线充电的对位方法，应用于无线充电设备，所述无线充电设备包括：谐振网络、逆变电路、对位机构和控制器；所述谐振网络包括谐振电容和发射线圈；所述逆变电路的输入端用于连接直流电源，所述逆变电路的输出端用于连接所述谐振网络；
该方法包括以下步骤：
S1401：获得发射线圈的自感或谐振网络的谐振频率。
本实施例不具体限定谐振网络的具体实现形式，例如发射线圈的自感与谐振网络中的电容串联，形成LC串联谐振，也可以为其他形式的谐振网络。
当为LC串联谐振时，可以获得LC串联谐振的谐振频率，也可以先获得谐振频率， 根据谐振频率获得电感，具体的获取方式可以参见以上设备实施例的描述，在此不再赘述。
S1402：根据所述发射线圈的自感或所述谐振网络的谐振频率确定所述发射线圈的移动方向；
以发射线圈的自感为例，从图5可以看出，发射线圈的自感与水平面的x和y方向具有单调关系。因此，可以根据单调关系来控制发射线圈移位。
发射线圈的自感沿着所述移动方向增大，所述谐振频率沿着所述移动方向减小。
当根据发射线圈的自感控制发射线圈移位时，可以向着发射线圈增大的方向移动发射线圈。当根据谐振频率控制发射线圈移位时，可以向着谐振频率减小的方向移动发射线圈。
S1403：根据所述移动方向控制所述对位机构驱动所述发射线圈移动，以使所述无线充电设备与所述电子设备进行对位。
本申请实施例提供的对位方法，基于发射线圈和接收线圈之间的位置偏差与发射线圈的自感存在单调关系，且发射线圈和接收线圈之间的位置偏差与谐振网络的谐振频率存在单调关系，因此，根据发射线圈的自感或者谐振频率均可以实现位置对正。即根据发射线圈的自感或谐振频率均可以找到位置对正的移动方向，控制器控制对位机构驱动发射线圈按照移动方向移动，使发射线圈和接收线圈之间的位置偏差越来越小。本实施例提供的无线充电设备，不必增加线圈矩阵，仅依靠控制器和对位机构便可以实现发射线圈进入可通讯区域，实现发射线圈与接收线圈之间相对位置的粗调，为无线充电做准备。
本实施例提供的对位方法，无论与电子设备利用蓝牙通讯，还是带内通讯，均可以利用发射线圈的自感或谐振频率来实现位置对位。例如，无线充电设备和电子设备之间利用带内通讯实现交互时，在起Ping区域，只可以利用发射线圈的自感或谐振频率来实现位置对位，在无法起Ping区域，可以继续利用发射线圈的自感或谐振频率来实现位置对位，也可以利用其它与位置偏差具有单调关系的充电参数实现对位。
方法实施例二：
下面以无线充电设备与电子设备之间通过带内通讯为例，发射线圈至少位于无法起ping区域时，利用发射线圈的自感控制发射线圈进行对位。对于发射线圈位于起ping区域时，也可以利用发射线圈的自感控制发射线圈进行对位。
即，根据所述发射线圈的自感或所述谐振网络的谐振频率确定所述发射线圈的移动方向，具体包括：
所述无线充电设备处于无法起ping区域/或处于起ping区域时，根据所述发射线圈的自感或所述谐振网络的谐振频率确定所述发射线圈的移动方向。
参见图15，该图为本申请实施例提供的另一种对位方法的流程图。
本实施例介绍中心测量法。
对于发射线圈，接收线圈可能位于其周围的任何方向，即360度均有可能。因此， 开始时，控制器可以控制对位机构驱动发射线圈以初始位置为中心，初始位置便是发射线圈的当前位置，如果发射线圈为圆盘形状，则以圆盘的中心为初始位置，在中心的周围移动，获得发射线圈移动过程中发射线圈的自感最大方向，所述发射线圈的自感最大方向为所述移动方向。
本实施例提供的对位方法，包括以下步骤：
S1501：获得发射线圈的自感；
根据发射线圈的自感确定发射线圈的移动方向，具体包括：
控制对位机构驱动所述发射线圈以初始位置为中心，在所述中心的周围移动，获得所述发射线圈移动过程中所述发射线圈的自感最大方向，所述发射线圈的自感最大方向为所述移动方向。
中心测量法，可以以初始位置为中心，在中心的周围移动发射线圈，测量发射线圈在不同位置的自感，根据自感的大小确定下一次的移动方向。具体实现过程可以参见设备实施例部分中心测量法的描述，在此不再赘述。
例如，可以以初始位置为圆心，以预设半径为半径的圆周上移动发射线圈。预设半径与对位覆盖的范围有关，当对位覆盖的范围很大时，预设半径可以取值略大一些。当对位覆盖的范围较小时，预设半径可以取值略小一些。
控制对位机构驱动发射线圈以初始位置为中心，在中心的周围移动，具体包括：
S1502：控制对位机构驱动所述发射线圈以初始位置为中心，在预设半径的圆周上移动，获得所述发射线圈移动过程中所述发射线圈的自感最大方向为所述移动方向。
S1503：根据发射线圈的自感最大方向控制对位机构驱动发射线圈移动，以使发射线圈与接收线圈对位。
本实施例提供的方法，为了缩短对位的时间，可以采取有限数量的采样点位置对应的自感，例如在初始位置的周围进行移动，各个采样点与初始位置的距离可以相等例如正方形的顶点，初始位置为正方形的中心点，另外在以初始位置为圆心的圆周上获取采样点也可以。另外，也可以各个采样点与初始位置的距离不相等，随机在初始位置周期取一些采样点均可以。
方法实施例三：
以上实施例介绍的是中心测量法来控制发射线圈移动，下面介绍一种可以较快确定移动方向的方式，仅检测三个采样点对应的发射线圈的自感便可以确定移动方向，然后按照同样的方式逐次迭代，便可以控制发射线圈进入可通讯区域。触发每次迭代的条件可以是当检测到发射线圈的自感减小时，则需要重新确定移动方向。
下面介绍根据三角形测量法来控制发射线圈移动。三角形可以为普通直角三角形，也可以为等腰三角形，等边三角形等，本实施例中不做具体限定。
参见图16，该图为本申请实施例提供又一种对位方法的流程图。
S1601：获得发射线圈的自感。
根据发射线圈的自感确定发射线圈的移动方向，具体包括：
控制所述对位机构驱动所述发射线圈以初始位置为起点，在所述起点周围分别移动至第一点和第二点，所述起点、所述第一点和所述第二点形成三角形，根据所述第一点和所述第二点分别对应的所述发射线圈的自感确定所述移动方向。
所述起点为直角三角形的两条直角边的共同顶点，所述第一点和所述第二点分别为所述两条直角边的另两个顶点。
即，S1602：控制所述对位机构驱动所述发射线圈以初始位置为起点，在所述起点周围分别移动至第一点和第二点，起点、第一点和第二点形成直角三角形，起点为直角顶点，根据第一点和第二点分别对应的发射线圈的自感确定移动方向。
S1603：根据所述移动方向控制发射线圈移动，以使发射线圈与接收线圈对位。
因为直角三角形时，可以保证在采样点较少的情况下，以最快速度确定移动方向。
由于直角三角形中各个锐角对应的各种三角函数便于计算，因此，利用直角三角形来确定移动方向比较便利。而且以直角三角形来寻找移动方向，可以较快地确定移动方向。
以上实施例中介绍的仅是示意性说明发射线圈的移动方向，具体如何控制发射线圈的移动，可以包括多种实现方式，本实施例中不做具体限定，只要根据发射线圈的自感逐渐增大的趋势，位置偏差就随之减小，便可以将发射线圈移入可通讯区域。
方法实施例四：
下面介绍发射线圈与接收线圈对位的一种完整实现方式。
参见图17，该图为本申请实施例提供的再一种对位方法的流程图。
S1701：无线充电设备定时检测是否与电子设备通讯成功，当通讯成功时，执行S1702，反之执行S1703。
当通讯成功时，说明发射线圈进入可通讯区域。当通讯未成功时，说明发射线圈还未移动入可通讯区域，还位于不可通讯区域。
无线充电设备的控制器可以通过检测是否收到电子设备发送的数据包，在未收到数据包且所述发射线圈的自感大于预设阈值时，判断所述无线充电设备与所述电子设备处于无法起ping区域，即发射线圈处于不可通讯区域。执行不可通讯区域的对位步骤S1703。
当通讯上时，可以根据很多充电参数来确定移动方向，在所述无线充电设备与所述电子设备处于起ping区域时，由充电参数确定移动方向，控制所述对位机构驱动所述发射线圈移动，直至所述发射线圈与所述电子设备中的接收线圈对正；
所述充电参数沿着由所述充电参数确定的移动方向呈现单调变化，不同的充电参数单调变化可能不同，有的充电参数沿着移动方向单调增大，有的充电参数沿着移动方向单调减小。
沿着由所述充电参数确定的移动方向单调增大的充电参数，包括以下至少一项：
发射线圈的自感、充电频率、充电效率、所述电子设备中整流电路的输出电压、发射线圈的自感与所述发射线圈的交流阻抗的乘积、所述发射线圈与所述接收线圈之 间的互感、发射线圈与接收线圈之间的耦合系数、发射线圈与辅助线圈之间的互感、发射线圈与辅助线圈之间的耦合系数和电子设备中辅助线圈的开路电压；
沿着由充电参数确定的移动方向单调减小的充电参数，包括以下至少一项：
发射线圈的电流和逆变电路的输入电压。
下面以发射线圈在不可通讯区域时，根据电子设备中整流电路的输出电压Vrect来控制发射线圈移动为例进行介绍。当然也可以根据其他充电参数控制发射线圈在不可通讯区域的移动。
S1702：无线充电设备检测发射线圈的当前位置和当前位置周围分别对应的Vrect，根据所述Vrect确定下一步的移动方向。
需要说明的是，当前位置对应一个Vrect，当前位置的周围需要至少两侧两个不同位置的Vrect，才可以确定下一步的移动方向。即下一步的移动方向是，沿着Vrect增大的方向。
当在不可通讯区域时，可以按照方法实施例一至方法实施例三任意一个实施例介绍的方式来控制发射线圈移入可通讯区域。当然，在可通讯区域，也可以按照方法实施例一至方法实施例三任意一个实施例介绍的方式来控制发射线圈进行对位，直至发射线圈和接收线圈之间的位置对正。
S1703：无线充电设备检测当前位置和当前位置周围分别对应的发射线圈的自感，根据发射线圈的自感确定下一步的移动方向。如果无线充电设备判断与电子设备通讯成功，则执行可通讯区域的S1705；反之执行S1704；
S1704：沿着发射线圈的自感增大的方向移动发射线圈，并持续判断是否与电子设备通讯成功，如果通讯成功，则执行可通讯区域的S1705。
S1705：沿着Vrect增大的方向移动。
由于在可通讯区域，已经属于对位的精调过程，因此，每次移动的距离可以比不可通讯区域时每次移动的距离小，例如，在不可通讯区域属于粗调阶段，每次移动5mm，在可通讯区域属于精调阶段，每次移动1mm。以上仅是为了方便理解，以实际数值举例说明，实际实现时，可以选择其他数值来控制发射线圈每次移动的位移。
S1706：整流电路的输出电压Vrect最大的位置即为发射线圈与接收线圈对正的位置。
需要说明的是，本申请以上实施例提供的对位方法，在对位移动的过程中，有可能有些移动的过程是越移动距离接收线圈的中心越远，但是这仅是移动过程中出现的正常现象，因为逐次迭代，最终可以使发射线圈与接收线圈的位置对正。
本实施例中，在不可通讯区域，无线充电设备根据发射线圈的自感控制发射线圈进行对位，在可通讯区域，无线充电设备可以根据继续根据发射线圈的自感控制发射线圈进行对位。当然，在不可通讯区域，也可以利用其它与位置偏差成单调关系的充电参数来控制发射线圈进行对位。例如，在可通讯区域，可以采用Vbus、Icoil、充电频率或Vrect对发射线圈进行对位。
基于以上实施例提供的一种无线充电设备及对位方法，本申请实施例提供一种无线充电系统，下面结合附图进行详细介绍。
参见图18，该图为本申请实施例提供的一种无线充电系统的示意图。
本申请实施例提供的无线充电系统，包括以上实施例介绍的无线充电设备30，还包括电子设备20；
电子设备20包括：接收线圈和整流电路。电子设备的结构可以参见图13所示。
无线充电设备30，用于给电子设备20进行无线充电。
本申请实施例提供的无线充电系统，由于无线充电设备可以自动实现发射线圈的对位，无论发射线圈处于可通讯区域还是不可通讯区域，均可以实现自动对位。并且无线充电设备不需要增加硬件设备，例如矩阵线圈，因此该无线充电设备不会产生额外的干扰信号，也不会增大设备的体积。当发射线圈与接收线圈之间的位置对正时，可以开始进行功率传输，无线充电设备开始为电子设备进行无线充电，由于发射线圈和接收线圈之间的位置对正，在无线充电时可以提高无线充电的效率。由于无线充电设备可以实现自动对位，因此，对于电子设备的要求降低，即用户将电子设备放置在无线充电设备上进行充电时，用户稍微放偏电子设备的位置时，发射线圈自动移动进行对正，扩大了无线充电系统的自由度，提高了用户使用电子设备的体验。
基于以上实施例提供的一种无线充电设备、方法及系统，本申请实施例还提供一种无线充电底座，用于为电子设备进行无线充电，例如电子设备为手机或穿戴设备。当电子设备为手机时，无线充电底座为手机充电时，无线充电底座水平放置在桌面上，手机水平放置在无线充电底座上即可，由于无线充电底座内设置发射线圈，手机中设置接收线圈，因此，发射线圈和接收线圈之间通过电磁场耦合，实现能量的传递，完成为手机的无线充电。
本实施例提供的无线充电底座，用于为电子设备进行无线充电，包括：电源接口、谐振网络、逆变电路、控制器、发射线圈底盘、对准导轨；
继续参见图1，其中无线充电底座为02，无线充电底座02的电源接口与适配器40连接，适配器40将市电转换为直流电提供给无线充电底座02。
电源接口，用于连接适配器传输的直流电；
适配器用于将交流市电转换为直流电，提供给电源接口，例如将市电交流220V转换为直流电。
谐振网络包括谐振电容和发射线圈；
发射线圈底盘，用于放置所述发射线圈；
逆变电路的输入端用于连接所述电源接口，逆变电路的输出端用于连接所述谐振网络；
控制器，用于根据所述发射线圈的自感或所述谐振网络的谐振频率确定所述发射线圈的移动方向，根据所述发射线圈的移动方向控制所述发射线圈底盘在所述对准导轨上移动，以使所述无线充电设备与所述电子设备进行对位；所述发射线圈的自感沿着发射线圈的移动方向增大，所述谐振频率沿着所述发射线圈的移动方向减小。
本实施例提供的无线充电底座，可以根据发射线圈的自感或谐振网络的谐振频率确定移动方向，然后控制发射线圈沿着移动方向移动，从而使发射线圈的自感随着移动方向增大，而谐振频率随着移动方向减小，以使发射线圈和接收线圈实现对位。由于该无线充电底座可以自动控制发射线圈移动，实现与手机等具有无线充电功能的电子设备中的接收线圈实现对位，因此，扩大了与电子设备无线充电的自由度，降低了对于用户放置手机准确度的要求，提高了用户体验。
参见图19，该图为本申请实施例提供的一种对位结构的示意图。
本申请实施例不具体限定对位机构的具体实现形式，下面介绍一种简单可行的实现方式。
对准导轨至少包括：在所述水平面的投影相互垂直的第一导轨A和第二导轨B；还包括：电驱动部件；电驱动部件可以驱动发射线圈沿着第一导轨A和第二导轨B来回移动。
本申请实施例不具体限定电驱动部件的具体实现方式，所述电驱动部件可以包括一个或者多个如马达等电机驱动元件，例如所述电驱动部件可以利用马达来实现，具体所述电驱动部件可以包括第一马达M1和第二马达M2；
需要说明的是，第一导轨A、第二导轨B、第一马达M1、第二马达M2和线圈托盘T均设置在底座D上。底座D用于支撑以上的各个器件。
第一马达M1，用于驱动所述发射线圈沿着所述第一导轨A运动；
第二马达M2，用于驱动所述发射线圈沿着所述第二导轨B运动；
第一导轨A可以对应水平面的竖直方向，第二导轨B可以对应水平面的水平方面。即第一导轨A可以沿着水平方向来回移动，第二导轨B可以沿着竖直方向来回移动。
控制器(图中未示出)用于控制所述第一马达M1和所述第二马达M2，以使所述发射线圈底盘沿着移动方向移动。控制器可以控制M1和M2的转动方向实现A和B的来回移动，而且可以控制M1和M2的转动角度控制发射线圈的具体位移。
一种可行的实现方式，如图1所示，无线充电底座为圆盘形，发射线圈也可以为圆盘形。当然，无线充电底座可以为其他形状，发射线圈也可以为其他形状。
应当理解，在本申请中，“至少一个(项)”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”，用于描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，“A和/或B”可以表示：只存在A，只存在B以及同时存在A和B三种情况，其中A，B可以是单数或者复数。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a，b或c中的至少一项(个)，可以表示：a，b，c，“a和b”，“a和c”，“b和c”，或“a和b和c”，其中a，b，c可以是单个，也可以是多个。
以上所述，仅是本申请的较佳实施例而已，并非对本申请作任何形式上的限制。虽然本申请已以较佳实施例揭露如上，然而并非用以限定本申请。任何熟悉本领域的技术人员，在不脱离本申请技术方案范围情况下，都可利用上述揭示的方法和技术内容对本申请技术方案做出许多可能的变动和修饰，或修改为等同变化的等效实施例。 因此，凡是未脱离本申请技术方案的内容，依据本申请的技术实质对以上实施例所做的任何简单修改、等同变化及修饰，均仍属于本申请技术方案保护的范围内。

Claims (26)

  1. 一种无线充电设备，其特征在于，所述无线充电设备用于为电子设备进行无线充电，包括：谐振网络、逆变电路和控制器；
    所述谐振网络包括谐振电容和发射线圈；
    所述逆变电路的输入端用于连接直流电源，所述逆变电路的输出端用于连接所述谐振网络；
    所述控制器，用于根据所述发射线圈的自感或所述谐振网络的谐振频率确定所述发射线圈的移动方向，根据所述发射线圈的移动方向控制所述发射线圈移动，以使所述无线充电设备与所述电子设备进行对位；所述发射线圈的自感沿着所述发射线圈的移动方向增大，所述谐振频率沿着所述发射线圈的移动方向减小。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的无线充电设备，其特征在于，还包括：对位机构；
    所述控制器，具体用于根据所述发射线圈的移动方向控制所述对位机构驱动所述发射线圈沿着所述移动方向移动。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的无线充电设备，其特征在于，所述对位机构至少包括：电驱动部件、第一导轨和第二导轨；
    所述第一导轨和所述第二导轨相互垂直；
    所述电驱动部件，用于驱动所述发射线圈沿着所述第一导轨和所述第二导轨运动；
    所述控制器用于控制所述电驱动部件，以使所述发射线圈沿着所述移动方向移动。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的无线充电设备，其特征在于，所述控制器，具体用于在所述无线充电设备至少处于不可通讯区域时，根据所述发射线圈的自感或所述谐振网络的谐振频率确定所述发射线圈的移动方向。
  5. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的无线充电设备，其特征在于，所述控制器，具体用于控制所述发射线圈以初始位置为中心，在所述中心的周围移动，获得所述发射线圈移动过程中所述发射线圈的自感最大方向，所述发射线圈的自感最大方向为所述移动方向。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的无线充电设备，其特征在于，所述控制器，具体用于控制所述发射线圈以初始位置为中心，在预设半径的圆周上移动，获得所述发射线圈在所述圆周上移动过程中所述发射线圈的自感最大方向。
  7. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的无线充电，其特征在于，所述控制器，具体用于控制所述发射线圈以初始位置为起点，在所述起点周围分别移动至第一点和第二点，所述起点、所述第一点和所述第二点形成三角形，根据所述第一点和所述第二点分别对应的所述发射线圈的自感确定所述移动方向。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的无线充电系统，其特征在于，所述起点为直角三角形的两条直角边的共同顶点，所述第一点和所述第二点分别为所述两条直角边的另两个顶点。
  9. 根据权利要求4-8任一项所述的无线充电设备，其特征在于，所述控制器，用于在所述不可通讯区域时，根据所述发射线圈的自感或所述谐振网络的谐振频率确定所述移动方向；还用于在所述无线充电设备与所述电子设备处于可通讯区域时，由充电 参数确定所述移动方向；
    所述充电参数沿着由所述充电参数确定的移动方向呈现单调变化。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的无线充电设备，其特征在于，所述充电参数沿着由所述充电参数确定的移动方向的移动单调增大的包括以下至少一项：
    所述发射线圈的自感、充电频率、充电效率、所述电子设备中整流电路的输出电压、所述发射线圈的自感与所述发射线圈的交流阻抗的乘积、所述发射线圈与所述接收线圈之间的互感、所述发射线圈与所述接收线圈之间的耦合系数、所述发射线圈与所述辅助线圈之间的互感、所述发射线圈与所述辅助线圈之间的耦合系数和所述电子设备中辅助线圈的开路电压；
    所述充电参数随着所述移动方向的移动单调减小的包括以下至少一项：
    所述发射线圈的电流和所述逆变电路的输入电压。
  11. 根据权利要求4所述的无线充电设备，其特征在于，所述控制器，还用于在未收到所述电子设备发送的数据包，且所述发射线圈的自感大于预设阈值时，判断所述无线充电设备与所述电子设备处于不可通讯区域。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的无线充电设备，其特征在于，所述控制器，还用于根据所述谐振网络的谐振频率和所述谐振网络的谐振电容获得所述发射线圈的自感。
  13. 一种无线充电的对位方法，其特征在于，应用于无线充电设备，所述无线充电设备包括：谐振网络、逆变电路和控制器；所述谐振网络包括谐振电容和发射线圈；所述逆变电路的输入端用于连接直流电源，所述逆变电路的输出端用于连接所述谐振网络；
    该包括：
    获得所述发射线圈的自感或所述谐振网络的谐振频率；
    根据所述发射线圈的自感或所述谐振网络的谐振频率确定所述发射线圈的移动方向；
    根据所述发射线圈的移动方向控制所述发射线圈移动，以使所述无线充电设备与所述电子设备进行对位；所述发射线圈的自感沿着所述发射线圈的移动方向增大，所述谐振频率沿着所述发射线圈的移动方向减小。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述发射线圈的自感或所述谐振网络的谐振频率确定所述发射线圈的移动方向，具体包括：
    所述无线充电设备至少处于不可通讯区域时，根据所述发射线圈的自感或所述谐振网络的谐振频率确定所述发射线圈的移动方向。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，根据所述发射线圈的自感确定所述发射线圈的移动方向，具体包括：
    控制所述发射线圈以初始位置为中心，在所述中心的周围移动，获得所述发射线圈移动过程中所述发射线圈的自感最大方向，所述发射线圈的自感最大方向为所述移动方向。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制所述发射线圈以初始位置 为中心，在所述中心的周围移动，具体包括：
    控制所述发射线圈以初始位置为中心，在预设半径的圆周上移动。
  17. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述发射线圈的自感确定所述发射线圈的移动方向，具体包括：
    控制所述发射线圈以初始位置为起点，在所述起点周围分别移动至第一点和第二点，所述起点、所述第一点和所述第二点形成三角形，根据所述第一点和所述第二点分别对应的所述发射线圈的自感确定所述移动方向。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，所述起点为直角三角形的两条直角边的共同顶点，所述第一点和所述第二点分别为所述两条直角边的另两个顶点。
  19. 根据权利要求13-18任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述不可通讯区域时，根据所述发射线圈的自感或所述谐振网络的谐振频率确定所述移动方向；
    还包括：
    在所述无线充电设备与所述电子设备处于可通讯区域时，由充电参数确定所述移动方向；
    所述充电参数沿着由所述充电参数确定的移动方向呈现单调变化。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于，所述充电参数沿着由所述充电参数确定的移动方向呈现单调增大的包括以下至少一项：
    所述发射线圈的自感、充电频率、充电效率、所述电子设备中整流电路的输出电压、所述发射线圈的自感与所述发射线圈的交流阻抗的乘积、所述发射线圈与所述接收线圈之间的互感、所述发射线圈与所述接收线圈之间的耦合系数、所述发射线圈与所述辅助线圈之间的互感、所述发射线圈与所述辅助线圈之间的耦合系数和所述电子设备中辅助线圈的开路电压；
    所述充电参数沿着由所述充电参数确定的移动方向呈现单调减小的包括以下至少一项：
    所述发射线圈的电流和所述逆变电路的输入电压。
  21. 根据权利要求14-18任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：在未收到所述电子设备发送的数据包，且所述发射线圈的自感大于预设阈值时，判断所述无线充电设备与所述电子设备处于不可通讯区域。
  22. 根据权利要求13-20任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：根据所述谐振网络的谐振频率和所述谐振网络的谐振电容获得所述发射线圈的自感。
  23. 一种无线充电系统，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-12任一项所述的无线充电设备，还包括电子设备；
    所述电子设备包括：接收线圈和整流电路；
    所述无线充电设备，用于给所述电子设备进行无线充电。
  24. 一种无线充电底座，其特征在于，用于为电子设备进行无线充电，包括：电源接口、谐振网络、逆变电路、控制器、发射线圈底盘、对准导轨；
    所述电源接口，用于连接适配器传输的直流电；
    所述谐振网络包括谐振电容和发射线圈；
    所述发射线圈底盘，用于放置所述发射线圈；
    所述逆变电路的输入端用于连接所述电源接口，所述逆变电路的输出端用于连接所述谐振网络；
    所述控制器，用于根据所述发射线圈的自感或所述谐振网络的谐振频率确定所述发射线圈的移动方向，根据所述发射线圈的移动方向控制所述发射线圈底盘在所述对准导轨上移动，以使所述无线充电设备与所述电子设备进行对位；所述发射线圈的自感沿着所述发射线圈的移动方向增大，所述谐振频率沿着所述发射线圈的移动方向减小。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的无线充电底座，其特征在于，所述对准导轨至少包括：在所述水平面的投影相互垂直的第一导轨和第二导轨；还包括：电驱动部件；
    所述电驱动部件，用于驱动所述发射线圈沿着所述第一导轨和所述第二导轨运动；
    所述控制器用于控制所述电驱动部件，以使所述发射线圈沿着所述移动方向移动。
  26. 根据权利要求24或25所述的无线充电底座，其特征在于，所述无线充电底座为圆盘形，所述发射线圈为圆盘形。
PCT/CN2021/110193 2020-09-09 2021-08-03 一种无线充电设备、对位方法、系统及充电底座 WO2022052667A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21865723.7A EP4156454A4 (en) 2020-09-09 2021-08-03 WIRELESS CHARGING DEVICE, ALIGNMENT METHOD, SYSTEM, AND CHARGING BASE
US18/086,278 US20230127150A1 (en) 2020-09-09 2022-12-21 Wireless charging device, alignment method, system, and charging base

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010942024.4A CN112260411B (zh) 2020-09-09 2020-09-09 一种无线充电设备、对位方法、系统及充电底座
CN202010942024.4 2020-09-09

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US18/086,278 Continuation US20230127150A1 (en) 2020-09-09 2022-12-21 Wireless charging device, alignment method, system, and charging base

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2022052667A1 true WO2022052667A1 (zh) 2022-03-17

Family

ID=74231427

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2021/110193 WO2022052667A1 (zh) 2020-09-09 2021-08-03 一种无线充电设备、对位方法、系统及充电底座

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20230127150A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP4156454A4 (zh)
CN (1) CN112260411B (zh)
WO (1) WO2022052667A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3920373A4 (en) * 2019-08-07 2023-01-25 Huawei Digital Power Technologies Co., Ltd. WIRELESS CHARGING DEVICE, AND POSITION DETECTION METHOD AND SYSTEM
CN111697710B (zh) * 2020-06-11 2023-04-14 哈尔滨工业大学 具有位置捕捉功能的无人机无线充电系统
CN112260411B (zh) * 2020-09-09 2022-09-16 华为数字能源技术有限公司 一种无线充电设备、对位方法、系统及充电底座
CN113162247A (zh) 2021-01-21 2021-07-23 华为技术有限公司 一种无线充电设备、自动对位方法及充电底座
CN112863151B (zh) * 2021-01-28 2023-06-16 大陆汽车电子(长春)有限公司 防止智能钥匙被车载的无线充电器损伤的方法和系统

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101425703A (zh) * 2007-09-26 2009-05-06 精工爱普生株式会社 送电控制装置、送电装置、受电装置、无触点输电系统
CN102290873A (zh) * 2011-08-22 2011-12-21 重庆大学 一种用于非接触式能量传输系统的稳频电路
WO2012132142A1 (ja) * 2011-03-30 2012-10-04 三洋電機株式会社 携帯電話の充電台
US20150326064A1 (en) * 2007-12-18 2015-11-12 Panasonic Corporation Battery charger cradle
JP2016086575A (ja) * 2014-10-28 2016-05-19 トヨタ自動車株式会社 受電装置
CN107370248A (zh) * 2017-08-17 2017-11-21 河南师范大学 等半径电磁谐振并联供电线圈设计方法
CN207339426U (zh) * 2017-06-27 2018-05-08 青岛鲁渝能源科技有限公司 无线电能传输系统
CN110829615A (zh) * 2018-08-08 2020-02-21 哈尔滨工业大学 一种应用于磁耦合无线充电传输系统的磁耦合机构位置自动对准方法
CN111146872A (zh) * 2019-12-31 2020-05-12 华为技术有限公司 无线电能传输系统
CN112260411A (zh) * 2020-09-09 2021-01-22 华为技术有限公司 一种无线充电设备、对位方法、系统及充电底座

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4600454B2 (ja) * 2007-09-26 2010-12-15 セイコーエプソン株式会社 送電制御装置、送電装置、無接点電力伝送システム、２次コイルの位置決め方法
EP2555379B1 (en) * 2010-03-31 2015-03-04 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Contactless charging system
JP2012143091A (ja) * 2011-01-04 2012-07-26 Kimitake Utsunomiya 遠隔無線駆動充電装置
JP6856070B2 (ja) * 2016-05-31 2021-04-07 日本電産株式会社 移動体及び移動体システム
CN106972647A (zh) * 2017-05-02 2017-07-21 华中科技大学 一种提高动态无线充电平均效率的方法
CN108767995A (zh) * 2018-04-27 2018-11-06 山东时通运泰新能源科技有限公司 一种电动汽车移动式无线电能充电系统及其调控方法
CN209104874U (zh) * 2018-09-27 2019-07-12 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 移动无线充电系统

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101425703A (zh) * 2007-09-26 2009-05-06 精工爱普生株式会社 送电控制装置、送电装置、受电装置、无触点输电系统
US20150326064A1 (en) * 2007-12-18 2015-11-12 Panasonic Corporation Battery charger cradle
WO2012132142A1 (ja) * 2011-03-30 2012-10-04 三洋電機株式会社 携帯電話の充電台
CN102290873A (zh) * 2011-08-22 2011-12-21 重庆大学 一种用于非接触式能量传输系统的稳频电路
JP2016086575A (ja) * 2014-10-28 2016-05-19 トヨタ自動車株式会社 受電装置
CN207339426U (zh) * 2017-06-27 2018-05-08 青岛鲁渝能源科技有限公司 无线电能传输系统
CN107370248A (zh) * 2017-08-17 2017-11-21 河南师范大学 等半径电磁谐振并联供电线圈设计方法
CN110829615A (zh) * 2018-08-08 2020-02-21 哈尔滨工业大学 一种应用于磁耦合无线充电传输系统的磁耦合机构位置自动对准方法
CN111146872A (zh) * 2019-12-31 2020-05-12 华为技术有限公司 无线电能传输系统
CN112260411A (zh) * 2020-09-09 2021-01-22 华为技术有限公司 一种无线充电设备、对位方法、系统及充电底座

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP4156454A4

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20230127150A1 (en) 2023-04-27
CN112260411A (zh) 2021-01-22
CN112260411B (zh) 2022-09-16
EP4156454A4 (en) 2023-12-20
EP4156454A1 (en) 2023-03-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2022052667A1 (zh) 一种无线充电设备、对位方法、系统及充电底座
JP6126373B2 (ja) 無線モジュール及び無線通信装置
US9812893B2 (en) Wireless power receiver
US20230344466A1 (en) Apparatus and method for supporting heterogeneous communication in wireless power transmission system
KR102209040B1 (ko) 무선 전력 송신기의 코일 구조
JP7308310B2 (ja) 無線充電装置、自動整合方法及び充電ドック
JP6247438B2 (ja) 無線電力送信装置、無線電力受信装置、及び電力受信方法
WO2022110884A1 (zh) 一种无线充电设备、充电底座及异物检测方法
US10601249B2 (en) Wireless power transmitter and receiver
KR20110134970A (ko) 무선 전력 수신기의 송전 영역 유도 장치 및 방법
US11728694B2 (en) Wireless power receiving device, wireless power transmitting device, and method for calibrating power using the same
WO2021208621A1 (zh) 一种电子设备、方法及无线充电系统
US20230126095A1 (en) Wireless power transmission device and wireless power transmission method
US20230078771A1 (en) Wireless power reception device, wireless power transmission device, and method for transmitting/receiving messages between wireless power reception device and wireless power transmission device using data transmission stream
US11355281B2 (en) Wireless power reception apparatus and method therefor
US20230108768A1 (en) Device for transmitting wireless power, method for transmitting wireless power, device for receiving wireless power, and method for receiving wireless power
US20230344281A1 (en) Wireless power receiving device and method of obtaining quality factor of wireless power transmitting device
US20230048919A1 (en) Wireless power transmission apparatus, wireless power transmission method, wireless power reception apparatus, and wireless power reception method
US20220285991A1 (en) Wireless power transmitter
US20230318363A1 (en) Wireless power transmitting device and method of detecting foreign substances by wireless power transmitting device
US20240154466A1 (en) Method and device for utilizing coupling factor in wireless power transmission system
US20220277285A1 (en) Wireless power reception device and wireless power transmission device

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 21865723

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2021865723

Country of ref document: EP

Effective date: 20221220

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE