WO2022048327A1 - 幕墙构件及其制造方法 - Google Patents

幕墙构件及其制造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022048327A1
WO2022048327A1 PCT/CN2021/106626 CN2021106626W WO2022048327A1 WO 2022048327 A1 WO2022048327 A1 WO 2022048327A1 CN 2021106626 W CN2021106626 W CN 2021106626W WO 2022048327 A1 WO2022048327 A1 WO 2022048327A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
curtain wall
wall member
strip
steel
shaped channel
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PCT/CN2021/106626
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李寒磊
张超逸
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孖垚建筑科技(上海)有限公司
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Publication of WO2022048327A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022048327A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/88—Curtain walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of construction, and more particularly, to a curtain wall member and a method for manufacturing the curtain wall member.
  • curtain wall elements can be used to form the non-load-bearing walls of the building.
  • the walls of a building can have an insulating effect, wherein heat or cold from the outside cannot be easily conducted to the interior of the building and vice versa, so that the building can be energy efficient.
  • Curtain wall components should have sufficient strength and durability. Lightweighting of curtain wall components is also desirable.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a curtain wall member and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the curtain wall member can meet the requirements of strength, durability and thermal insulation performance, and can be lightweight.
  • a curtain wall member comprising:
  • U-shaped channels arranged side-by-side, the U-shaped channels having opposite inner curls on their open sides;
  • the steel mesh layer, the U-shaped channel steel is close to the steel mesh layer and its open side faces the steel mesh layer;
  • a concrete cast body wherein the reinforcing mesh layer is poured in concrete and the cavity of the U-shaped channel steel is filled with concrete;
  • the thermal insulation material is arranged in the receiving space defined by the U-shaped channel steel and the first material strip.
  • the strength and durability of the curtain wall member can be improved compared with the prior art by using a U-shaped channel steel having a specific cross-sectional shape, wherein the concrete cast body can firmly lock the U-shaped channel steel;
  • the thermal insulation performance of the curtain wall member can be improved compared with the prior art; in addition, through the combination of the U-shaped channel steel and the steel mesh layer, compared with the prior art, at least the , In particular, the thickness of the concrete cast body is reduced in the case of increasing the strength of the curtain wall member, and thus the entire curtain wall member can be lightweight.
  • the material of the first strip of material may be a composite material, such as a fiber reinforced composite material, having a lower thermal conductivity than the steel of the U-shaped channel.
  • the material of the first strip of material may be a wood material, such as cross-laminated wood.
  • the curtain wall member may comprise a timber frame having a first strip of wood as the first strip of material.
  • the timber frame may be constructed of cross-laminated lumber.
  • the curtain wall member may include a surface layer.
  • the surface layer can be, for example, a decorative sheet such as a stainless steel sheet or an aluminium sheet.
  • the surface layer may be immediately adjacent to the first strip of material and secure the insulating material.
  • the first material strip may be fixed on the bottom of the U-shaped channel by self-tapping screws.
  • the surface layer may be secured to the first strip of material by self-tapping screws.
  • the curtain wall member can include a second strip of material that can secure the thermal insulation material, and the second strip of material can be configured to form a hollow layer of the curtain wall member.
  • the wood frame may have a second wood strip as the second material strip.
  • the second strip of material may be orthogonal to the first strip of material.
  • the curtain wall member may include a surface layer immediately adjacent the second strip of material, wherein the hollow layer is between the thermal insulation material and the surface layer.
  • the surface layer may be fixedly connected to the second strip of material by means of fastening elements such as self-tapping screws.
  • the plurality of U-shaped channels may be arranged parallel to each other.
  • the curtain wall member may include a steel frame, the steel frame including the plurality of U-shaped channels and an additional U-shaped channel, the additional U-shaped channel and the plurality of U-shaped channels
  • the channel steels are arranged transversely and are connected, eg welded, with the ends of the plurality of U-shaped channels.
  • the steel frame may be connected, eg welded, to the reinforcing mesh layer.
  • the additional U-channel may have the same cross-sectional shape as the plurality of U-channels.
  • the steel frame can thus be formed simply by cutting continuous channels with the same cross-section and by welding them.
  • the curtain wall member may include a surrounding frame that circumscribes the concrete cast.
  • the surrounding frame can be used as a mould part when pouring concrete.
  • the surrounding frame may for example have a U-shaped cross-section, wherein the base of the U-shaped cross-section circumscribes the concrete cast in the circumferential direction, and the two legs of the U-shaped cross-section may be parallel to the extension plane of the curtain wall element.
  • the length of the legs of the U-shaped cross-section can, for example, be approximately equal to the length of the inner bead of the U-shaped channel. This can for example facilitate welding around the frame on the steel frame.
  • the surrounding frame can also have an L-shaped cross-section or any other suitable cross-sectional shape.
  • the surrounding frame may be welded to the steel frame and/or the mesh layer.
  • the insulating material may be configured to serve as a formwork when placing concrete. Therefore, the manufacture of curtain wall components can be low cost and easy to implement. In some embodiments, a separate mold for placing the concrete may be omitted entirely.
  • the U-shaped channel steel when viewed in the thickness direction of the curtain wall member, may have a height dimension, a part of the height dimension may be occupied by the reinforcing mesh layer, and the remaining part of the height dimension may be occupied by the thermal insulation material occupy.
  • the insulating material may be single-layered or multi-layered.
  • the curtain wall member may have a rectangular profile.
  • a method for manufacturing a curtain wall member which method may comprise the steps of:
  • a steel frame consisting of U-shaped channels is provided, the steel frame comprising a plurality of U-shaped channels arranged side by side and a further U-shaped channel, the additional U-shaped channel and the plurality of U-shaped channels are provided
  • the steels are arranged transversely and are connected to the ends of the plurality of U-shaped channels, at least one, in particular each U-shaped channel, on its open side having mutually opposite inner beading;
  • each U-shaped channel steel faces the reinforcing mesh layer with its open side
  • the timber frame comprising a first wooden strip, and the first wooden strip is fixed on the bottom of the corresponding U-shaped channel steel by self-tapping screws;
  • the insulation material is placed in the receiving space formed by the steel frame and the timber frame;
  • Concrete is poured to form a concrete cast, wherein the insulating material is used as a formwork during the pouring of the concrete, the reinforcing mesh layer is poured in the concrete and the cavity of each of the U-shaped channels is filled with the concrete.
  • the method may further comprise the step of: providing a surrounding frame, wherein the surrounding frame is disposed on a side of the reinforcing mesh layer facing away from the steel frame, the surrounding frame being used as a mould in pouring the concrete components, and encloses the bounding concrete cast unit.
  • the method may further comprise the step of securing the surface layer to the timber frame by means of self-tapping screws, wherein the surface layer secures the thermal insulation material.
  • the provided timber frame may have a second strip of wood, the second strip of wood being orthogonal to the first strip of wood, the second strip of wood securing the thermal insulation material.
  • the method may further comprise the step of: fixing the surface layer to a second wooden strip by means of self-tapping screws, wherein the second wooden strip forms a hollow layer between the thermal insulation material and the surface layer.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a curtain wall member according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged view of an end region on the left side of the cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of part A of the cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the steel frame of the curtain wall member of FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the timber frame of the curtain wall member of FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a curtain wall member according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a partial enlarged view of an end region on the left side of the cross-sectional view of FIG. 6 .
  • FIG. 8 is a partial enlarged view of part B of the cross-sectional view of FIG. 6 .
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the steel frame of the curtain wall member of FIG. 6 .
  • FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the timber frame of the curtain wall member of FIG. 6 .
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the curtain wall element according to the first embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is the left side of the cross-sectional view of FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of part A of the cross-sectional view of FIG. 1
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the steel frame of the curtain wall member of FIG. 1
  • FIG. 5 is the curtain wall of FIG. 1. Perspective view of the timber frame of the member.
  • the curtain wall member may comprise six U-shaped channels 1 and two further U-shaped channels 11 arranged side by side, the further U-shaped channels 11 being transverse to the six U-shaped channels 1 Arranged and connected, eg welded, to the ends of the six U-shaped channels, these U-shaped channels 1 , 11 can form a steel frame 10 .
  • the U-shaped channels 1 , 11 may respectively have mutually opposite inner beads 9 on their open sides (see FIG. 2 ).
  • the U-shaped channels 1 can be arranged parallel to each other. It is cost-effective that all U-channels 1, 11 can have the same cross-sectional shape, e.g. they can be cut from the same continuous profile.
  • the curtain wall member may include a steel mesh layer 2 .
  • the steel mesh layer 2 may include criss-crossing steel bars.
  • the steel mesh layer 2 can be laid on a prefabricated steel frame 10 . It is also possible that the reinforcing mesh layer 2 and the steel frame 10 are prefabricated separately and then combined.
  • the U-shaped channel steels 1 and 11 are in close proximity to the reinforcing mesh layer 2 and have their open sides facing the reinforcing mesh layer 2 .
  • the reinforcing mesh layer 2 can be connected to the steel frame 10, eg welded.
  • the curtain wall member may comprise a timber frame 20 which may comprise a first strip of wood as the first strip of material 4 .
  • the first material strip 4 can be fastened to the bottom of the U-shaped channel 1 along the course of the U-shaped channel 1 , for example, by means of self-tapping screws 8 (see FIGS. 2 and 3 ).
  • the material of the first material strip 4 has a lower thermal conductivity than the steel of the U-shaped channel.
  • wood materials can have a significantly lower thermal conductivity system, and thus the formation of thermal bridges can be substantially completely avoided.
  • the timber frame 20 may be constructed from cross-laminated wood. Cross-laminated lumber can have good properties such as good durability, load capacity, resistance to cracking, and the like.
  • the curtain wall member may comprise a surrounding frame 7 which may serve as a mould part when concrete is poured.
  • the surrounding frame 7 can be made of stainless steel or aluminum, for example.
  • the surrounding frame 7 may have a U-shaped cross-section, wherein the bottom of the U-shaped cross-section surrounds and defines the concrete cast body 3 in the circumferential direction, and the two legs of the U-shaped cross-section may be parallel to the Extend the plane.
  • the length of the legs of the U-shaped cross-section can, for example, be approximately equal to the length of the inner bead 9 of the U-shaped channel 1 . This can for example facilitate welding of the surrounding frame 7 on the steel frame 10 .
  • the surrounding frame 7 can also have an L-shaped cross-section or any other suitable cross-sectional shape.
  • the L-shaped long legs can encircle and define the concrete cast body 3 in the circumferential direction, and the L-shaped short legs can be welded on the inner bead 9 of the U-shaped channel steel 1 .
  • the short legs of the L shape may have approximately the same length as the inner bead 9 of the U-shaped channel steel 1 .
  • the curtain wall member may comprise a concrete cast body 3 .
  • the concrete is filled into the voids of the reinforcing mesh layer 2 and into the cavities of the respective U-shaped channels 1, 11 of the steel frame 10, so that the reinforcing mesh layer 2 is poured in the concrete and the U-shaped channels are The cavities of 1 and 11 are filled with concrete.
  • the concrete in the reinforcement mesh layer 2 and the U-channel steel is not depicted in FIGS. 1 to 3 , but only the concrete above the reinforcement mesh layer 2 .
  • the curtain wall member may include thermal insulation material 5 disposed in the receiving space defined by the U-shaped channel steel and the first material strip 4 .
  • the thermal insulation material 5 may be, for example, a foamed material or thermal insulation cotton. According to the different thickness of a single thermal insulation material, one or more layers of thermal insulation materials can be arranged in each receiving space.
  • the curtain wall member may comprise a surface layer 6 which is in close proximity to the first material strip 4 and which secures the thermal insulation material 5 .
  • Said surface layer 6 can be, for example, a decorative plate such as an aluminum plate.
  • the surface layer 6 may constitute the interior visible surface of the wall.
  • the surface layer 6 can be fastened to the wood frame 20, for example, by means of additional self-tapping screws. Said surface layer 6 can compress the thermal insulation material 5, and thus the curtain wall element according to the first embodiment can be free of hollow layers.
  • the U-shaped channel steel when viewed in the thickness direction of the curtain wall member, may have a height dimension, a part of which is occupied by the reinforcing mesh layer 2 , and the rest of the height dimension is occupied by the steel mesh layer 2 .
  • the insulating material 5 occupies. It is also possible that the bottom side of the reinforcing mesh layer 2 is flush with the top side of the steel frame 10 and thus the reinforcing mesh layer 2 does not occupy part of the height dimension of the U-shaped channel.
  • the entire height dimension of the U-shaped channel can be used to accommodate the thermal insulation material 5 .
  • the curtain wall elements may have a rectangular profile or any other suitable profile shape such as prismatic or trapezoidal.
  • the curtain wall element according to the first embodiment can be produced, for example, as follows:
  • a reinforcing mesh layer 2 is formed on the steel frame 10, wherein each U-shaped channel steel 1, 11 faces the reinforcing mesh layer 2 with its open side;
  • a surrounding frame 7 is provided, wherein said surrounding frame 7 is arranged on the side of the reinforcing mesh layer 2 facing away from the steel frame 10;
  • Concrete is poured to form a concrete cast 3, wherein the thermal insulation material 5 is used as a formwork when pouring concrete, and the surrounding frame 7 is used as a mould part when concrete is poured, wherein the reinforcing mesh layer 2 is poured in the concrete.
  • the surrounding frame 7 surrounds and defines the concrete cast body 3;
  • the surface layer 6 is fastened to the timber frame 20 , wherein the surface layer 6 retains the thermal insulation material 5 .
  • the steps mentioned above, and the multiple sub-steps in each step do not necessarily have to be implemented in the order described, but can be implemented in any logically achievable order. to realise.
  • the construction of the steel frame 10, the surrounding frame 7 and the timber frame 20 can be carried out in parallel; the construction of the reinforcing mesh layer 2 can be carried out separately or in combination with the construction of the steel frame 10; the placement of the surface layer 6 can be carried out before the concrete is poured or Afterwards.
  • the second embodiment of the curtain wall member shown in FIGS. 6 to 10 is similar to the first embodiment described above, eg at least one of the steel frame 10 , the reinforcing mesh layer 2 , the surrounding frame 7 , the concrete cast body 3 Or all may be the same as in the first embodiment.
  • the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment mainly in the timber frame 20 .
  • the following mainly describes the differences between the two embodiments, and for other aspects, reference may be made to the description of the first embodiment.
  • the timber frame 20 may comprise not only six first wood strips as the first material strips 4 but also four second wood strips as the second material strips 14 , wherein the second material strips 14 and the first material strips 4 are mutually orthogonal .
  • the first material strip 4 is in a first level and the second material strip 14 is in a second level.
  • the entire timber frame 20 may be made of cross-laminated wood, for example.
  • the second material strip 14 fixes the thermal insulation material 5 .
  • the surface layer 6 is in close proximity to the second material strip 14 , for example, the surface layer 6 can be fixed on the second material strip 14 by self-tapping screws.
  • the second material strip 14 forms a hollow layer between the insulating material 5 and the surface layer 6 .
  • the hollow layer can, on the one hand, contribute to the thermal insulation properties of the curtain wall elements, and on the other hand, can be used to receive pipelines such as electric wires or water pipes.
  • the timber frame 20 in the second embodiment may be replaced by two separate timber frames, one of which may have the first strip of material 4 and the other of which may have the first strip of material 4. Two material strips 4. It is possible that, instead of the second strip of material 14 orthogonal to the first strip of material 4, the second strip of material 14 may also have the same orientation as the first strip of material 4 and have an increased width such that the second strip of material 14 can fix the thermal insulation material 5.
  • the curtain wall element according to the second embodiment can be produced, for example, as follows:
  • a reinforcing mesh layer 2 is formed on the steel frame 10, wherein each U-shaped channel steel 1, 11 faces the reinforcing mesh layer 2 with its open side;
  • a surrounding frame 7 is provided, wherein said surrounding frame is arranged on the side of the reinforcing mesh layer 2 facing away from the steel frame 10;
  • Concrete is poured to form a concrete cast 3, wherein the insulating material 5 is used as a formwork when pouring concrete, and the surrounding frame 7 is used as a mould part when concrete is poured, wherein the reinforcing mesh layer 2 is poured in the concrete.
  • the surrounding frame 7 surrounds and defines the concrete cast body 3;
  • the surface layer 6 is fastened to the timber frame 20 , wherein said surface layer 6 is fastened to a second material strip 14 which forms a hollow layer between the insulating material 5 and the surface layer 6 .
  • the steps mentioned above, and the multiple sub-steps in each step do not necessarily have to be implemented in the order described, but can be implemented in any logically achievable order. accomplish.
  • the erection of the timber frame 20 can be accomplished entirely before concrete is poured. It is also possible, however, that the building of the timber frame 20 can be partially carried out before the concrete is poured, and that the second material strip 14 is fastened to the first material strip 4 only after the concrete is poured to finally build the timber frame 20 .
  • the curtain wall elements may for example have a plan size of 2m x 2m or 2m x 3m or any other suitable size.

Abstract

本发明涉及一种幕墙构件及其制造方法，所述幕墙构件包括：并排地设置的多个U形槽钢(1)，所述U形槽钢在其开口侧具有彼此相对的内卷边；钢筋网层(2)，所述U形槽钢与钢筋网层紧邻并且以其开口侧朝向钢筋网层；混凝土浇筑体(3)，其中，所述钢筋网层被浇筑在混凝土内并且所述U形槽钢的空腔被混凝土填充；沿着所述U形槽钢的走向固定在U形槽钢的底部上的第一材料条(4)，所述第一材料条的材料具有比U形槽钢的钢材低的导热系数；和保温材料(5)，所述保温材料安置在由U形槽钢和第一材料条限定的接纳空间中。所述幕墙构件可以满足强度和耐久性以及保温性能的要求，并且可以是轻量化的。

Description

幕墙构件及其制造方法 技术领域
本发明涉及建筑技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种幕墙构件和一种用于制造幕墙构件的方法。
背景技术
在一些建筑物中可以采用幕墙构件形成建筑物的非承重的墙体。典型地，建筑物的墙壁可以具有保温效果，其中，外部的热量或者冷量不能容易地传导到建筑物的内部，反之亦然，使得建筑物可以是节能的。幕墙构件应具有足够的强度和耐久性。幕墙构件的轻量化也是期望的。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，提供一种幕墙构件及其制造方法，其中，所述幕墙构件可以满足强度和耐久性以及保温性能的要求，并且可以是轻量化的。
按本发明的第一方面，建议一种幕墙构件，所述幕墙构件包括：
并排地设置的多个U形槽钢，所述U形槽钢在其开口侧具有彼此相对的内卷边；
钢筋网层，所述U形槽钢与钢筋网层紧邻并且以其开口侧朝向钢筋网层；
混凝土浇筑体，其中，所述钢筋网层被浇筑在混凝土内并且所述U形槽钢的空腔被混凝土填充；
沿着所述U形槽钢的走向固定在U形槽钢的底部上的第一材料条，所述第一材料条的材料具有比U形槽钢的钢材低的导热系数；和
保温材料，所述保温材料安置在由U形槽钢和第一材料条限定的接纳空间中。
在这种幕墙构件中，通过采用具有特定横截面形状的U形槽钢，与现有技术相比可以提高幕墙构件的强度和耐久性，其中，混凝土浇筑体可以牢固地锁定U形槽钢；通过设置保温材料以及通过设置第一材料条，与现有技术相比可以提高幕墙构件的保温性能；此外，通过U形槽钢与钢筋网层的组合，与现有技术相比可以在至少保持、尤其是提高幕墙构件强度的情况下减小混凝土浇筑体的厚度，并且因此整个幕墙构件可以是轻量化的。
在一些实施方式中，第一材料条的材料可以是具有比U形槽钢的钢材低的导热系 数的复合材料，例如纤维增强复合材料。
在一些实施方式中，第一材料条的材料可以是木质材料，例如正交胶合木。
在一些实施方式中，所述幕墙构件可以包括木材框架，所述木材框架具有第一木条作为所述第一材料条。
在一些实施方式中，所述木材框架可以由正交胶合木构成。
在一些实施方式中，所述幕墙构件可以包括表面层。所述表面层例如可以是装饰板例如不锈钢板或铝板。
在一些实施方式中，所述表面层可以与所述第一材料条紧邻并且固定所述保温材料。
在一些实施方式中，所述第一材料条可以通过自攻螺钉固定在U形槽钢的底部上。
在一些实施方式中，所述表面层可以通过自攻螺钉固定在第一材料条上。
在一些实施方式中，所述幕墙构件可以包括第二材料条，所述第二材料条可以固定所述保温材料，所述第二材料条可以构造成用于形成所述幕墙构件的中空层。
在一些实施方式中，所述木材框架可以具有第二木条作为所述第二材料条。
在一些实施方式中，所述第二材料条可以与第一材料条正交。
在一些实施方式中，所述幕墙构件可以包括表面层，所述表面层与第二材料条紧邻，其中，所述中空层处在保温材料与表面层之间。
在一些实施方式中，所述表面层可以与第二材料条通过紧固元件例如自攻螺钉固定连接。
在一些实施方式中，所述多个U形槽钢可以彼此平行地设置。
在一些实施方式中，所述幕墙构件可以包括钢框架，所述钢框架包括所述多个U形槽钢和另外的U形槽钢，所述另外的U形槽钢与所述多个U形槽钢成横向地设置并且与所述多个U形槽钢的端部连接例如焊接。
在一些实施方式中，所述钢框架可以与所述钢筋网层连接例如焊接。
在一些实施方式中，所述另外的U形槽钢可以与所述多个U形槽钢具有相同的横截面形状。因此可以通过切割具有相同横截面的连续槽钢以及通过将它们焊接而简单地形成钢框架。
在一些实施方式中，所述幕墙构件可以包括环绕框架，所述环绕框架包围限定混凝土浇筑体。所述环绕框架可以用作为在浇筑混凝土时的模具部件。
所述环绕框架例如可以具有U形横截面，其中，U形横截面的底部在周向上包围 限定混凝土浇筑体，U形横截面的两个腿可以平行于幕墙构件的延伸平面。U形横截面的腿的长度例如可以大致等于U形槽钢的内卷边的长度。这例如可以有利于环绕框架在钢框架上的焊接。作为替换，所述环绕框架也可以具有L形横截面或者任意其他的适宜的横截面形状。
在一些实施方式中，所述环绕框架可以焊接在钢框架和/或钢筋网层上。
在一些实施方式中，所述保温材料可以构造成用作为在浇筑混凝土时的模板。因此，幕墙构件的制造可以是低成本的，易于实施。在一些实施方式中，可以完全省去用于浇筑混凝土的单独的模具。
在一些实施方式中，在幕墙构件的厚度方向上观察，所述U形槽钢可以具有高度尺寸，所述高度尺寸的一部分可以被钢筋网层占据，所述高度尺寸的其余部分可以被保温材料占据。
在一些实施方式中，所述保温材料可以是单层的或者多层的。
在一些实施方式中，所述幕墙构件可以具有矩形轮廓。
按本发明的第二方面，建议一种用于制造幕墙构件的方法，所述方法可以包括以下步骤：
提供由U形槽钢构成的钢框架，所述钢框架包括并排地设置的多个U形槽钢以及另外的U形槽钢，所述另外的U形槽钢与所述多个U形槽钢成横向地设置并且与所述多个U形槽钢的端部连接，至少一个、尤其是每个U形槽钢在其开口侧具有彼此相对的内卷边；
在钢框架上形成钢筋网层，其中，各所述U形槽钢以其开口侧朝向钢筋网层；
提供木材框架，所述木材框架包括第一木条，并且将第一木条通过自攻螺钉固定在相应的U形槽钢的底部上；
将保温材料安置在由钢框架和木材框架形成的接纳空间中；
浇筑混凝土以形成混凝土浇筑体，其中，所述保温材料用作为在浇筑混凝土时的模板，钢筋网层被浇筑在混凝土内并且各所述U形槽钢的空腔被混凝土填充。
在一些实施方式中，所述方法可以还包括步骤：提供环绕框架，其中，所述环绕框架安置在钢筋网层的与钢框架背离的一侧，所述环绕框架用作为在浇筑混凝土时的模具部件，并且包围限定混凝土浇筑体。
在一些实施方式中，所述方法可以还包括步骤：借助于自攻螺钉将表面层固定到木材框架上，其中，所述表面层固定保温材料。
在一些实施方式中，所提供的木材框架可以具有第二木条，所述第二木条与第一木条正交，所述第二木条固定保温材料。
在一些实施方式中，所述方法可以还包括步骤：借助于自攻螺钉将表面层固定到第二木条上，其中，所述第二木条在保温材料与表面层之间形成中空层。
前面提及的技术特征、后面将要提及的技术特征以及在附图中可以得到的技术特征可以任意地相互组合，只要它们不是相互矛盾的。所有的在技术上可行的特征组合都包含在本申请的内容中。
附图说明
下面参照附图借助实施例更详细地说明本发明。其中：
图1是按本发明的第一实施方式的幕墙构件的横截面图。
图2是图1的横截面图的左侧的端部区域的局部放大图。
图3是图1的横截面图的局部A的局部放大图。
图4是图1的幕墙构件的钢框架的透视图。
图5是图1的幕墙构件的木材框架的透视图。
图6是按本发明的第二实施方式的幕墙构件的横截面图。
图7是图6的横截面图的左侧的端部区域的局部放大图。
图8是图6的横截面图的局部B的局部放大图。
图9是图6的幕墙构件的钢框架的透视图。
图10是图6的幕墙构件的木材框架的透视图。
具体实施方式
下面首先参照图1至图5说明按本发明的第一实施方式的幕墙构件，其中，图1是按第一实施方式的幕墙构件的横截面图，图2是图1的横截面图的左侧的端部区域的局部放大图，图3是图1的横截面图的局部A的局部放大图，图4是图1的幕墙构件的钢框架的透视图，并且图5是图1的幕墙构件的木材框架的透视图。
所述幕墙构件可以包括并排地设置的六个U形槽钢1和两个另外的U形槽钢11，所述另外的U形槽钢11与所述六个U形槽钢1成横向地设置并且与所述六个U形槽钢的端部连接例如焊接，这些U形槽钢1、11可以形成一个钢框架10。U形槽钢1、11可以分别在其开口侧具有彼此相对的内卷边9(见图2)。U形槽钢1可以彼此平行地布置。成本有利的是，所有U形槽钢1、11可以具有相同的横截面形状，例如它们 可以由相同的连续型材截取。
所述幕墙构件可以包括钢筋网层2。所述钢筋网层2可以包括纵横交错的钢筋。所述钢筋网层2可以在预制的钢框架10上铺置。另外也可能的是，钢筋网层2和钢框架10分别预制，然后组合在一起。所述U形槽钢1、11与钢筋网层2紧邻并且以其开口侧朝向钢筋网层2。所述钢筋网层2可以与钢框架10连接例如焊接。
所述幕墙构件可以包括木材框架20，所述木材框架可以包括作为第一材料条4的第一木条。第一材料条4可以沿着U形槽钢1的走向固定在U形槽钢1的底部上，例如可以借助于自攻螺钉8(见图2和图3)实现固定。所述第一材料条4的材料具有比U形槽钢的钢材低的导热系数。尤其是木质材料可以具有显著较低的导热系统，并且因此可以基本上完全避免热桥的形成。特别有利的是，所述木材框架20可以由正交胶合木构成。正交胶合木可以具有良好的性能例如良好的耐久性、负载能力、不易开裂等等。
所述幕墙构件可以包括环绕框架7，所述环绕框架7可以作为在浇筑混凝土时的模具部件。所述环绕框架7例如可以由不锈钢或铝材制成。如图2所示，所述环绕框架7可以具有U形横截面，其中，U形横截面的底部在周向上包围限定混凝土浇筑体3，U形横截面的两个腿可以平行于幕墙构件的延伸平面。U形横截面的腿的长度例如可以大致等于U形槽钢1的内卷边9的长度。这例如可以有利于环绕框架7在钢框架10上的焊接。作为替换，所述环绕框架7也可以具有L形横截面或者任意其他的适宜的横截面形状。所述L形状的长腿可以在周向上包围限定混凝土浇筑体3，所述L形状的短腿可以焊接在U形槽钢1的内卷边9上。所述L形状的短腿可以与U形槽钢1的内卷边9具有大致相同的长度。
所述幕墙构件可以包括混凝土浇筑体3。在浇筑混凝土时，混凝土填充到钢筋网层2的空隙中并且填充到钢框架10的各个U形槽钢1、11的空腔中，使得钢筋网层2被浇筑在混凝土内并且U形槽钢1、11的空腔被混凝土填充。为清晰起见，在图1至图3中未描述处在钢筋网层2和U形槽钢中的混凝土，而仅仅描述处在钢筋网层2上方的混凝土。
所述幕墙构件可以包括保温材料5，所述保温材料安置在由U形槽钢和第一材料条4限定的接纳空间中。在如图1所示的第一实施方式中示例性地存在六个U形槽钢1和六个第一材料条4以及五个接纳空间。保温材料5例如可以是发泡材料或者保温棉。按照单个保温材料的厚度的不同情况，可以在每个接纳空间中设置一层或者多层 保温材料。
所述幕墙构件可以包括表面层6，所述表面层与所述第一材料条4紧邻并且固定所述保温材料5。所述表面层6例如可以是装饰板例如铝板。典型地，所述表面层6可以构成墙体的室内可视表面。所述表面层6例如可以通过另外的自攻螺钉固定在木材框架20上。所述表面层6可以压紧保温材料5，并且因此按第一实施方式的幕墙构件可以没有中空层。
如图1至图3所示，在幕墙构件的厚度方向上观察，所述U形槽钢可以具有高度尺寸，所述高度尺寸的一部分被钢筋网层2占据，所述高度尺寸的其余部分被保温材料5占据。也可能的是，钢筋网层2的底侧与钢框架10的顶侧齐平，并且因此钢筋网层2不占据U形槽钢的高度尺寸的一部分。U形槽钢的整个高度尺寸可以用于容纳保温材料5。
所述幕墙构件可以具有矩形轮廓或者任意其他适宜的轮廓形状例如棱形或者梯形。
按第一实施方式的幕墙构件例如可以按照以下方法制造：
提供由U形槽钢构成的钢框架10；
在钢框架10上形成钢筋网层2，其中，各U形槽钢1、11以其开口侧朝向钢筋网层2；
提供环绕框架7，其中，所述环绕框架7安置在钢筋网层2的与钢框架10背离的一侧；
提供木材框架20，其中，将木材框架固定在钢框架10的底部上；
将保温材料5安置在由钢框架和木材框架形成的接纳空间中；
浇筑混凝土以形成混凝土浇筑体3，其中，所述保温材料5用作为在浇筑混凝土时的模板，并且所述环绕框架7用作为在浇筑混凝土时的模具部件，其中，钢筋网层2被浇筑在混凝土内并且各所述U形槽钢1、11的空腔被混凝土填充，环绕框架7包围限定混凝土浇筑体3；
将表面层6固定到木材框架20上，其中，所述表面层6固定保温材料5。
在此需要说明的是，上面提及的各个步骤，以及在每个步骤之中的多个分步骤，不必一定按照描述的先后顺序来实现，而是可以按照任意的在逻辑上可以实现的顺序来实现。例如钢框架10、环绕框架7和木材框架20的建立可以并行地实现；钢筋网层2的建立可以钢框架10的建立分开地进行或者混合地进行；表面层6的安置可以 在浇筑混凝土之前或者之后进行。
在图6至图10中显示的幕墙构件的第二实施方式与前述的第一实施方式是类似的，例如钢框架10、钢筋网层2、环绕框架7、混凝土浇筑体3之中的至少一个或全部可以与在第一实施方式中的情况是相同的。第二实施方式与第一实施方式的区别主要在于木材框架20。下面主要说明这两种实施方式的区别，而在其他方面可以参考第一实施方式的说明。
木材框架20可以不仅包括六个第一木条作为第一材料条4，并且包括四个第二木条作为第二材料条14，其中，第二材料条14与第一材料条4相互正交。第一材料条4处于一个第一层面中，第二材料条14处于一个第二层面中。整个木材框架20例如可以由正交胶合木制成。所述第二材料条14固定保温材料5。表面层6与第二材料条14紧邻，例如表面层6可以通过自攻螺钉固定在第二材料条14上。第二材料条14形成一个处在保温材料5与表面层6之间的中空层。所述中空层一方面可以有利于幕墙构件的保温性能，另一方面可以用于接纳管线例如电线或水管。
在一种未示出的实施方式中，在第二实施方式中的木材框架20可以用两个分开的木材框架代替，其中一个木材框架可以具有第一材料条4并且另一个木材框架可以具有第二材料条4。可能的是，取代与第一材料条4正交的第二材料条14，第二材料条14也可以与第一材料条4具有相同的取向并且具有增大的宽度，以使得第二材料条14可以固定保温材料5。
按第二实施方式的幕墙构件例如可以按照以下方法制造：
提供由U形槽钢构成的钢框架10；
在钢框架10上形成钢筋网层2，其中，各U形槽钢1、11以其开口侧朝向钢筋网层2；
提供环绕框架7，其中，所述环绕框架安置在钢筋网层2的与钢框架10背离的一侧；
提供木材框架20；
将保温材料5安置在由钢框架和木材框架形成的接纳空间中；
将木材框架20固定在钢框架10的底部上；
浇筑混凝土以形成混凝土浇筑体3，其中，所述保温材料5用作为在浇筑混凝土时的模板，并且所述环绕框架7用作为在浇筑混凝土时的模具部件，其中，钢筋网层2被浇筑在混凝土内并且各所述U形槽钢1、11的空腔被混凝土填充，环绕框架7包围限 定混凝土浇筑体3；
将表面层6固定到木材框架20上，其中，所述表面层6固定在第二材料条14上，第二材料条14形成在保温材料5与表面层6之间的中空层。
再次需要说明的是，上面提及的各个步骤，以及在每个步骤之中的多个分步骤，不必一定按照描述的先后顺序来实现，而是可以按照任意的在逻辑上可以实现的顺序来实现。例如木材框架20的建立可以完全地在浇筑混凝土之前实现。然而也可能的是，木材框架20的建立可以在浇筑混凝土之前部分地实现，并且在浇筑混凝土之后才将第二材料条14固定在第一材料条4上以最终建立木材框架20。
幕墙构件例如可以具有2m×2m或者2m×3m的平面尺寸或者任意其他的适宜的尺寸。
需要注意的是，在此使用的术语是仅用于说明具体方面的目的，而不用于限制公开内容。如在此使用的单数形式“一个”和“所述一个”应包括复数形式，除非上下文明确地另有表述。可以理解到，术语“包括”和“包含”以及其他类似术语，在申请文件中使用时，具体说明所陈述的操作、元件和/或部件的存在，而不排除一个或多个其他操作、元件、部件和/或它们的组合的存在或添加。如在此使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关的列举的项目的所有的任意的组合。在对附图的说明中，类似的附图标记总是表示类似的元件。
在附图中的元件的厚度可以为了清楚性起见而被夸张。另外可以理解到，如果一个元件被称为在另一个元件上、与另一个元件耦合或者与另一个元件连接，那么所述一个元件可以直接地在所述另一个元件上形成、与之耦合或者与之连接，或者在它们之间可以有一个或多个介于中间的元件。相反，如果在此使用表述“直接在……上”、“直接与……耦合”和“直接与……连接”，那么表示没有介于中间的元件。用来说明元件之间的关系的其他词语应该被类似地解释，例如“在……之间”和“直接在……之间”、“附着”和“直接附着”、“相邻”和“直接相邻”等等。
在此术语例如“顶”、“底”、“上方”、“下方”、“上面”、“下面”等等用来描述如在附图中所示的一个元件、层或区域相对于另一个元件、层或区域的关系。可以理解到，除了在附图中描述的取向之外，这些术语应该也包含装置的其他取向。
可以理解到，尽管术语“第一”、“第二”等等可以在此用来说明不同的元件，但是这些元件不应被这些术语限制。这些术语仅仅用来将一个元件与另一个元件区分开。因此，第一元件可以被称为第二元件，而不背离本发明构思的教导。
也可以考虑到，在此公开的所有示例性的实施方式可以任意地相互组合。
最后要指出的是，上述实施例仅仅用于理解本发明，而不对本发明的保护范围构成限制。对于本领域技术人员来说，在上述实施例的基础上可以做出修改，这些修改都不脱离本发明的保护范围。

Claims (24)

  1. 一种幕墙构件，其特征在于，所述幕墙构件包括：
    并排地设置的多个U形槽钢(1)，所述U形槽钢在其开口侧具有彼此相对的内卷边(9)；
    钢筋网层(2)，所述U形槽钢与钢筋网层紧邻并且以其开口侧朝向钢筋网层；
    混凝土浇筑体(3)，其中，所述钢筋网层被浇筑在混凝土内并且所述U形槽钢的空腔被混凝土填充；
    沿着所述U形槽钢的走向固定在U形槽钢的底部上的第一材料条(4)，所述第一材料条的材料具有比U形槽钢的钢材低的导热系数；和
    保温材料(5)，所述保温材料安置在由U形槽钢和第一材料条限定的接纳空间中。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的幕墙构件，其特征在于，所述幕墙构件包括木材框架(20)，所述木材框架具有第一木条作为所述第一材料条。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的幕墙构件，其特征在于，所述木材框架由正交胶合木构成。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的幕墙构件，其特征在于，所述幕墙构件包括表面层(6)，所述表面层与所述第一材料条紧邻并且固定所述保温材料。
  5. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的幕墙构件，其特征在于，所述第一材料条通过自攻螺钉(8)固定在所述U形槽钢的底部上。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的幕墙构件，其特征在于，所述第一材料条通过自攻螺钉固定在所述U形槽钢的底部上，并且所述表面层通过自攻螺钉固定在第一材料条上。
  7. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的幕墙构件，其特征在于，所述幕墙构件包括第二材料条(14)，所述第二材料条固定所述保温材料，所述第二材料条构造成用于形成所述幕墙构件的中空层。
  8. 根据权利要求2或3所述的幕墙构件，其特征在于，所述木材框架具有第二木条作为第二材料条，所述第二木条与第一木条正交，所述第二材料条固定所述保温材料，所述第二材料条构造成用于形成所述幕墙构件的中空层。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的幕墙构件，其特征在于，所述幕墙构件包括表面层(6)， 所述表面层与第二材料条紧邻，其中，所述中空层处在保温材料与表面层之间。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的幕墙构件，其特征在于，所述表面层与第二材料条通过自攻螺钉固定连接。
  11. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的幕墙构件，其特征在于，所述多个U形槽钢彼此平行地设置。
  12. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的幕墙构件，其特征在于，所述幕墙构件包括钢框架(10)，所述钢框架包括所述多个U形槽钢和另外的U形槽钢(11)，所述另外的U形槽钢与所述多个U形槽钢成横向地设置并且与所述多个U形槽钢的端部连接。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的幕墙构件，其特征在于，所述钢框架与所述钢筋网层焊接。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的幕墙构件，其特征在于，所述另外的U形槽钢与所述多个U形槽钢具有相同的横截面形状。
  15. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的幕墙构件，其特征在于，所述幕墙构件包括环绕框架(7)，所述环绕框架包围限定混凝土浇筑体。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的幕墙构件，其特征在于，所述环绕框架具有U形横截面，其中，U形横截面的底部在周向上包围限定混凝土浇筑体，U形横截面的两个腿平行于幕墙构件的延伸平面。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的幕墙构件，其特征在于，环绕框架的U形横截面的腿的长度等于所述U形槽钢的内卷边(9)的长度。
  18. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的幕墙构件，其特征在于，所述保温材料构造成用作为在浇筑混凝土时的模板。
  19. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的幕墙构件，其特征在于，在幕墙构件的厚度方向上观察，所述U形槽钢具有高度尺寸，所述高度尺寸的一部分被钢筋网层占据，所述高度尺寸的其余部分被保温材料占据。
  20. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的幕墙构件，其特征在于，所述幕墙构件 具有矩形轮廓。
  21. 一种用于制造根据权利要求1至20中任一项所述的幕墙构件的方法，包括以下步骤：
    提供由U形槽钢构成的钢框架(10)，所述钢框架包括并排地设置的多个U形槽钢(1)以及另外的U形槽钢(11)，所述另外的U形槽钢与所述多个U形槽钢成横向地设置并且与所述多个U形槽钢的端部连接，至少一个U形槽钢在其开口侧具有彼此相对的内卷边(9)；
    在钢框架上形成钢筋网层(2)，其中，各所述U形槽钢以其开口侧朝向钢筋网层；
    提供木材框架(20)，所述木材框架包括第一木条，并且将第一木条通过自攻螺钉固定在相应的U形槽钢的底部上；
    将保温材料(5)安置在由钢框架和木材框架形成的接纳空间中；
    浇筑混凝土以形成混凝土浇筑体(3)，其中，所述保温材料用作为在浇筑混凝土时的模板，钢筋网层被浇筑在混凝土内并且各所述U形槽钢的空腔被混凝土填充。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括步骤：提供由L型钢构成的环绕框架(7)，其中，所述环绕框架安置在钢筋网层的与钢框架背离的一侧，所述环绕框架用作为在浇筑混凝土时的模具部件，并且包围限定混凝土浇筑体。
  23. 根据权利要求21或22所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括步骤：借助于自攻螺钉将表面层(6)固定到木材框架上，其中，所述表面层固定保温材料。
  24. 根据权利要求21或22所述的方法，其特征在于，所提供的木材框架具有第二木条，所述第二木条与第一木条正交，所述第二木条固定保温材料，所述方法还包括步骤：借助于自攻螺钉将表面层(6)固定到第二木条上，其中，所述第二木条在保温材料与表面层之间形成中空层。
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EP0022107A1 (en) * 1979-06-19 1981-01-07 Rakennusdomino Oy A light-weight wall element
JPH06158779A (ja) * 1992-11-24 1994-06-07 Sekisui House Ltd 外壁パネル
CN202689326U (zh) * 2012-07-16 2013-01-23 闫运杰 一种框架结构的保温墙板
CN203499098U (zh) * 2013-08-30 2014-03-26 湖北弘毅钢结构工程有限公司 一种有钢筋混凝土结构外层的复合外墙板
CN109424118A (zh) * 2017-08-30 2019-03-05 郑州市万创环保科技有限公司 保温一体式建筑墙板
CN210288866U (zh) * 2019-04-30 2020-04-10 北京智慧云建科技有限公司 一种轻质防火保温装配式复合外墙板
CN212641862U (zh) * 2020-09-07 2021-03-02 孖垚建筑科技(上海)有限公司 幕墙构件

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0022107A1 (en) * 1979-06-19 1981-01-07 Rakennusdomino Oy A light-weight wall element
JPH06158779A (ja) * 1992-11-24 1994-06-07 Sekisui House Ltd 外壁パネル
CN202689326U (zh) * 2012-07-16 2013-01-23 闫运杰 一种框架结构的保温墙板
CN203499098U (zh) * 2013-08-30 2014-03-26 湖北弘毅钢结构工程有限公司 一种有钢筋混凝土结构外层的复合外墙板
CN109424118A (zh) * 2017-08-30 2019-03-05 郑州市万创环保科技有限公司 保温一体式建筑墙板
CN210288866U (zh) * 2019-04-30 2020-04-10 北京智慧云建科技有限公司 一种轻质防火保温装配式复合外墙板
CN212641862U (zh) * 2020-09-07 2021-03-02 孖垚建筑科技(上海)有限公司 幕墙构件

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