WO2022041363A1 - 一种电力电子设备控制初始化方法 - Google Patents

一种电力电子设备控制初始化方法 Download PDF

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WO2022041363A1
WO2022041363A1 PCT/CN2020/116987 CN2020116987W WO2022041363A1 WO 2022041363 A1 WO2022041363 A1 WO 2022041363A1 CN 2020116987 W CN2020116987 W CN 2020116987W WO 2022041363 A1 WO2022041363 A1 WO 2022041363A1
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control
integrator
power electronic
value
initialization method
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French (fr)
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李周
詹若培
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Southeast University
Liyang Research Institute of Southeast University
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Southeast University
Liyang Research Institute of Southeast University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks via high-voltage DC [HVDC] links; Arrangements for transfer of electric power between generators and networks via HVDC links
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/36—Means for starting or stopping converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2101/00—Supply or distribution of decentralised, dispersed or local electric power generation
    • H02J2101/20—Dispersed power generation using renewable energy sources
    • H02J2101/28—Wind energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2103/00—Details of circuit arrangements for mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2103/30—Simulating, planning, modelling, reliability check or computer assisted design [CAD] of electric power networks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/60—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of power electronics, and relates to a control initialization method for power electronic equipment.
  • VSC-HVDC high voltage direct current transmission technology based on voltage source converter
  • DFIG double-fed induction motor
  • SVC static reactive power compensator
  • STATCOM static Synchronous compensator
  • the control strategy of power electronic equipment needs a suitable control initialization method.
  • the traditional control initialization method first sets the control target reference value to be the same as the actual value to reduce the influence of control startup, and after the system is stabilized, the reference value will be changed to the ideal value.
  • the initial value of the integrator is unknown before the control strategy for the power electronic device starts, it will bring unpredictable problems, so the output value of the integrator needs to be reset to zero.
  • clearing the initial value of the integrator is one of the reasons for the circuit shock during the control start-up process, which leads to a larger shock at the start of some control strategies, thus increasing the difficulty of control start-up. This is because the initial value of the integrator is cleared, and the output value of the integrator is zero, which causes the control quantity to be different from the corresponding electrical quantity in the actual circuit.
  • the present invention provides a control initialization method for power electronic equipment.
  • the initial value of the integral is considered according to the actual circuit model to reduce the impact caused by the start of the control strategy, which can improve the control of power electronic equipment.
  • the strategy's startup stability, while improving the startup speed, enables power electronic devices to have more application scenarios.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • a power electronic equipment control initialization method comprising the following steps:
  • step (2) According to the setting value information required by the control loop in step (1), realize the setting of the initial value of the integrator in the control loop, and lock the initial value of the integrator before starting the control;
  • the target control strategy reference value is set as the electrical quantity measurement value obtained in step (1), and the control system sends the control start signal to the modulation and valve group control to start the control strategy.
  • step (2) after the initial value of the integrator is locked, the initial value of the integrator in the control loop is equal to the set value of the integrator.
  • the setting value information required by the control loop includes: the control target reference value and the setting value of the integrator.
  • the activation of the control strategy includes: activation of the control strategy when the device valve is unlocked and switching of the device control strategy.
  • the power electronic equipment includes: STATCOM static synchronous compensator, SVC static reactive power compensator, TCSC controllable series compensator, UPFC unified power flow controller, DFIG double-fed induction motor, and HVDC high-voltage direct current transmission system.
  • the initial value of the integrator is set as follows:
  • Us is the AC voltage at the PCC point of the converter
  • Ps and Qs are the active power and reactive power at the PCC point, respectively
  • X is the commutation impedance
  • K I and K P are the proportional coefficients set by the integrator and the proportional link
  • the time t 0 is the unlocking time
  • the time t 1 is a certain time after the actual operation
  • U sref is the reference value of the AC voltage.
  • the four integrators are set in the following ways:
  • P s is the active power on the grid side of the converter
  • U s is the RMS AC voltage on the grid side of the converter
  • U c is the RMS AC voltage at the PCC point
  • t 0 is the start time of the control strategy
  • Q s is the grid side Reactive power
  • i sd and i sq are the d and q axis components of the grid-side AC current respectively
  • X c is the equivalent impedance of the commutation inductance
  • R is the equivalent resistance of the converter.
  • t 0 is the start time of the control strategy
  • t 1 is a certain time when the control strategy is in normal operation
  • V dc is the DC voltage of the converter
  • V dcref is the DC voltage reference value
  • Q sref is the reactive power reference value
  • i sdref is the d-axis current reference value
  • i sqref is the q-axis current reference value.
  • the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
  • the invention realizes that when the control strategy is initialized, the initial value of the integrator in the control system and the reference value of the control target are adjusted, the circuit impact is reduced, the rapidity and stability of the power electronic equipment control during startup are improved, and the power electronic equipment is improved. It provides more application scenarios and can be widely used in the field of power electronics.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power electronic device control initialization method of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the power electronic equipment control initialization method of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram for verifying the flexible straight grid-connected system of the microgrid of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the amplitude and phase control of the flexible DC transmission
  • Fig. 5 is a simulation result diagram for verifying the microgrid via the flexible straight grid-connected system of the present invention, wherein (a) is the AC busbar voltage (effective value) of the microgrid, (b) is the frequency of the microgrid AC bus, and (c) is the The active power of the PCC point of VSC1, (d) is the a-phase current of VSC1, (e) is the DC voltage of VSC1;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram for verifying the grid-side control of the doubly-fed fan of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 shows a control loop with an integrator.
  • the invention provides a control initialization method for power electronic equipment.
  • the control strategy of the power electronic equipment needs to be started, in order to reduce the impact of the start-up process, it is adopted before the target control strategy is started to perform initialization.
  • One or more control loops of the power electronic equipment control system include an integrator, which uses a certain control strategy to control the valve stage, thereby realizing the corresponding functions of the power electronic equipment.
  • a control loop with an integrator is generally shown in Figure 7.
  • the input variable r n (t) of a control loop of the control system obtains the output variable c n (t) through the integrator, and its output value is continuously integrated from the initial control time, and is related to the initial value of the integration.
  • the startup of the power electronic equipment control strategy includes the process of starting the control strategy when the valve control of the equipment is unlocked, and switching the equipment control strategy. It should be noted that the startup refers to the startup of a certain control strategy, and does not mean the startup of the power electronic device.
  • the power electronic device may be in an operating state, and the operating state does not necessarily need to be a steady state.
  • the power electronic equipment control initialization method provided in this example includes the following steps:
  • the state is obtained from the measured electrical quantities of the actual system, and the real-time electrical quantity data related to the control part is collected.
  • the setting value information required by the control loop is obtained. It should be noted that the real-time electrical quantity data is the electrical quantity necessary for the original control, and there is no need to add a new measurement interface, and the system collects the actual electrical quantity value at all times.
  • the setting value information required by the control loop including the control target reference value and the setting value of the integrator;
  • the output value of (t 0 ) is equal to the initial value, that is, the setting value of the integrator, which can ensure that there is no deviation between the output value and the actual value when the control starts.
  • the initial value of the integrator in the control loop is set, because the output of the integrator satisfies:
  • t 0 is the starting time of the control strategy
  • t 1 is a certain time when the control strategy is running normally
  • rn ( ⁇ ) is the input of the integrator.
  • c n (t 0 ) is the initial value that the integrator needs to set, and it usually needs to be calculated according to the actual circuit and mathematical model of the system.
  • FIG. 3 it is an application of the present invention in the flexible direct current transmission VSC-HVDC
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of amplitude and phase control.
  • the figure shows a double-ended VSC-HVDC system, and the left end is an equivalent microgrid system, which includes generator sets, motor sets, and fixed loads and energy storage devices.
  • the AC bus voltage is 500kV
  • the voltage source converter VSC AC voltage is 255kV
  • the DC voltage is ⁇ 250kV
  • the DC capacitance 500uF.
  • the equivalent generator set outputs 375MW of active power
  • the equivalent motor set consumes 150MW of active power
  • the fixed load is 225MW.
  • the VSC-HVDC is put into operation, the VSC at the micro grid end is controlled by amplitude and phase, and the VSC at the main grid end is controlled by constant DC voltage.
  • the AC bus voltage of the micro-grid is measured before 10s, and the phase and AC amplitude required for the amplitude-phase control are obtained as the control target reference value of the control strategy.
  • the reference value U sref of the AC voltage at the PCC point controlled by the amplitude and phase is set to 229kV, and the initial value of the integrator is set as follows:
  • K I and K P are the proportional coefficients set by the integrator and the proportional link
  • the time t 0 is the unlocking time
  • the time t 1 is a certain time after the actual operation
  • U sref is the reference value of the AC voltage.
  • the AC outlet side voltage of the VSC is calculated or directly measured from the above process, and this voltage is used as the initial value of the amplitude-phase control integrator, and the initial value of the integrator is locked before the control strategy is started.
  • a control start signal is sent to the control loop and the VSC valve stage control, and then the initial value of the integrator is unlocked.
  • the frequency is stable at 50Hz, the whole process is fast and smooth, the current has no overcurrent problem, and the voltage has no overvoltage problem.
  • the amplitude and phase control is adopted, and the traditional control strategy initialization method is used to connect to the grid, since the integrator is cleared, the AC outlet voltage amplitude and phase of the converter will be the same as the parallel one. If there is a large gap between the network points, it will cause system oscillation or even cause the system to collapse, making it difficult to realize grid connection.
  • the present invention can realize a good micro-grid grid connection process under the control of VSC amplitude and phase, which reflects the function of the present invention providing more application scenarios for power electronic equipment.
  • t 0 is the starting time of the control strategy
  • t 1 is a certain time when the control strategy is running normally
  • V dc is the DC voltage of the converter
  • Q s is the grid-side reactive power
  • i sd and i sq are the grid-side reactive power, respectively
  • V dcref is the DC voltage reference value
  • Q sref is the reactive power reference value
  • sdref is the d-axis current reference value
  • i sqref is the q-axis current reference value.
  • i sdref (t 0 ) and i sqref (t 0 ) can be directly measured, and U kd (t 0 ) and U kq (t 0 ) need to be calculated.
  • the calculation formula is:
  • P s is the active power on the grid side of the converter
  • U s is the rms value of the AC voltage on the grid side of the converter
  • U c is the rms value of the AC voltage at the PCC point
  • X c is the equivalent impedance of the commutation inductance
  • R is the commutation inductance. Current equivalent resistance.
  • the above two application embodiments are only examples and should not be used as limitations of the present invention.
  • the power electronic devices to which the present invention can be applied include but are not limited to the following devices shown in Table 1:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
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Abstract

一种电力电子设备控制初始化方法，包括：(1)在目标控制策略启动前，从实际系统量测电气量进行状态获取，收集实时电气量数据，得出控制环路所需的整定值信息；(2)根据步骤(1)中控制环路所需的整定值信息，实现控制环路中的积分器初始值整定，在启动控制前锁定积分器初值；(3)将目标控制策略参考值设定为步骤(1)中获得的电气量测量值，控制系统将控制启动信号发送到调制和阀组控制中，启动控制策略。该方法可实现在控制策略初始化时，通过整定控制系统中积分器的初值和控制目标参考值，减小电路冲击，提高电力电子设备控制在启动中的快速性与稳定性，并为电力电子设备提供了更多的应用场景，可以广泛应用在电力电子领域。

Description

一种电力电子设备控制初始化方法 技术领域
本发明属于电力电子技术领域，涉及一种电力电子设备控制初始化方法。
背景技术
随着电力电子技术的发展，电力电子设备如VSC-HVDC(基于电压源型换流器的高压直流输电技术)，DFIG(双馈感应电机)，SVC(静态无功补偿器)，STATCOM(静止同步补偿器)等，已广泛应用于电力系统。在这些电力电子设备的控制策略中，积分器通常用于控制环路中。通过积分器在不同控制策略中实现零误差控制，实现了不同的控制目标。在设备阀控的启动中，或者在切换控制策略等过程中，如果控制策略以正常运行相同的设置启动，则会产生很大的冲击，极易发生过电压和过电流，系统稳定性将难以维持。为了确保控制启动过程的稳定性，需要将电流和电压限制在一定范围内，同时，控制策略的启动速度也需要提高。结合以上两点，电力电子设备的控制策略需要一个合适的控制初始化方法。
为了实现控制策略初始化，传统的控制初始化方法首先将控制目标参考值设置为与实际值相同，以减少控制启动的影响，在系统稳定后，参考值将更改为理想值。同时，由于在针对电力电子设备的控制策略开始之前，积分器初值是未知的，会带来不可预测的问题，故积分器的输出值都需要重置为零。但是，清除积分器的初值是控制启动过程中产生电路冲击的原因之一，导致某些控制策略的启动会产生较大冲击，从而提高了控制启动难度。这是由于清除了积分器初值，积分器输出值为零导致了控制量与实际电路中对应的电气量不同。
发明内容
为解决上述问题，本发明提供了一种电力电子设备控制初始化方法，在控制初始化方法中根据实际电路模型考虑积分的初值以减小控制策略的启动带来的冲击，能提高电力电子设备控制策略的启动稳定性，同时提高启动速度，并能使电力电子设备具有更多的应用场景。
为了达到上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种电力电子设备控制初始化方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)在目标控制策略启动前，从实际系统量测电气量进行状态获取，收集与控制部分 相关的实时电气量数据；通过实时电气量数据，得出控制环路所需的整定值信息；
(2)根据步骤(1)中控制环路所需的整定值信息，实现控制环路中的积分器初始值整定，在启动控制前锁定积分器初值；
(3)将目标控制策略参考值设定为步骤(1)中获得的电气量测量值，控制系统将控制启动信号发送到调制和阀组控制中，启动控制策略。
进一步的，还包括以下步骤：
(5)在控制策略启动时，释放对控制环路积分器初值的锁定，控制环路正常工作，此后能够进行下一次初始化。
进一步的，所述步骤(2)中在积分器初值锁定后，控制环路中积分器的初值等于积分器整定值。
进一步的，所述控制环路所需的整定值信息包括：控制目标参考值以及积分器的整定值。
进一步的，所述控制策略启动包括：设备阀控解锁时的控制策略启动以及设备控制策略的切换。
进一步的，所述电力电子设备包括：STATCOM静态同步补偿器、SVC静态无功补偿器、TCSC可控串联补偿器、UPFC统一潮流控制器、DFIG双馈感应电机、HVDC高压直流输电系统。
进一步的，应用在VSC的幅相控制中时，积分器积分初值进行整定如下：
Figure PCTCN2020116987-appb-000001
式中，Us为换流器的PCC点交流电压，Ps和Qs分别为PCC点有功功率和无功功率，X为换流阻抗。
进一步的，所述积分器输出量为：
Figure PCTCN2020116987-appb-000002
式中，K I和K P为积分器和比例环节设定的比例系数，t 0时刻为解锁的时刻，t 1时刻为实际运行后的某一时刻，U sref为交流电压参考值。
进一步的，应用在DFIG双馈风力发电机网侧控制结构中时，四个积分器通过以下方式整定：
直接量测得到i sdref(t 0)、i sqref(t 0)，通过以下公式计算得到U kd(t 0)、U kq(t 0)：
Figure PCTCN2020116987-appb-000003
式中，P s为换流器网侧有功功率，U s为换流器网侧交流电压有效值，U c为PCC点交流电压有效值，t 0为控制策略启动时刻，Q s为网侧无功功率，i sd和i sq分别为网侧交流电流的d、q轴分量，X c为换流电感等效阻抗，R为换流器等效电阻。
进一步的，四个比例积分器输出量满足：
Figure PCTCN2020116987-appb-000004
式中，t 0为控制策略启动时刻，t 1为控制策略正常运行的某一时刻，V dc为换流器直流电压，V dcref为直流电压参考值，Q sref为无功功率参考值，i sdref为d轴电流参考值，i sqref为q轴电流参考值。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下优点和有益效果：
本发明实现在控制策略初始化时，通过整定控制系统中积分器的初值和控制目标参考值，减小电路冲击，提高电力电子设备控制在启动中的快速性与稳定性，并为电力电子设备提供了更多的应用场景，可以广泛应用在电力电子领域。
附图说明
图1为本发明电力电子设备控制初始化方法的原理图；
图2为本发明电力电子设备控制初始化方法的流程图；
图3为验证本发明的微网经柔直并网系统的原理图；
图4为柔性直流输电幅相控制的原理图；
图5为验证本发明的微网经柔直并网系统的仿真结果图，其中(a)为微网交流母线线电压(有效值)，(b)为微网交流母线频率，(c)为VSC1的PCC点有功功率，(d)为VSC1的a相电流，(e)为VSC1的直流电压；
图6为验证本发明的双馈风机网侧控制的原理图；
图7为一条含积分器的控制回路。
具体实施方式
以下将结合具体实施例对本发明提供的技术方案进行详细说明，应理解下述具体实施方式仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。
本发明提供了一种电力电子设备控制初始化方法，在电力电子设备的控制策略需要启动时，为减小启动过程的冲击，在目标控制策略启动前采取，进行初始化。电力电子设备控制系统的一条或多条控制回路中包含积分器，利用一定的控制策略对阀级进行控制，从而实现电力电子设备的相应功能。一条含积分器的控制回路一般如图7所示。图中，控制系统某一控制回路的输入变量r n(t)通过积分器得到输出变量c n(t)，其输出值从控制初始时刻开始不断积分，并且与积分初值相关。电力电子设备控制策略的启动，包括设备阀控解锁时的控制策略启动、设备控制策略的切换等过程。需要说明的是，该启动指某一控制策略的启动，并不代表该电力电子设备的启动，电力电子设备可以处于运行状态，且所处运行状态不需要一定是稳态。
实施例1：
参见图1、图2所示，本例提供的电力电子设备控制初始化方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)在目标控制策略启动前，从实际系统量测电气量进行状态获取，收集与控制部分相关的实时电气量数据。通过实时电气量数据，得出控制环路所需的整定值信息。需要说明的是，实时电气量数据为原本控制所必须电气量，无需添加新的量测接口，系统时刻采集实际电气量值。控制环路所需的整定值信息，包括控制目标参考值以及积分器的整定值；
(2)根据(1)中控制环路所需的整定值信息，实现控制环路中的积分器初始值整定，在启动控制前锁定积分器初值，此操作能保证控制环路中积分器的输出值(t 0时刻)等于初值，即积分器整定值，当发生控制启动时能够保证输出值与实际值无偏差。控制环路中的积分器初始值整定，由于积分器输出量满足：
Figure PCTCN2020116987-appb-000005
式中，t 0为控制策略启动时刻，t 1为控制策略正常运行的某一时刻，r n(τ)为积分器输入量。c n(t 0)为积分器需要整定的初值，通常需要结合系统的实际电路和数学模型，进行相应的计算得到。
(3)将目标控制策略参考值设定为(1)中获得的电气量测量值，此操作能保证控制环路输入的偏差量为0。控制系统将控制启动信号发送到调制和阀组控制中，启动控制策略；
(4)在控制策略启动时，释放对控制环路积分器初值的锁定，控制环路正常工作，此后可以进行下一次初始化。需要说明的是，该积分器初值的整定，只是整定并锁定了初值，只在启动瞬间起作用，在启动后即使不解除锁定也不会影响运行。需要注意的是，此时控 制策略的控制目标参考值仍等于控制启动时的测量值，需要在控制策略启动逐渐稳定时，再修改参考值为理想值。
应用实施例1：下面结合具体的实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明，所述是对本发明的解释而不是限定。
参见图3为本发明在柔性直流输电VSC-HVDC中的应用，图4为幅相控制框图。图中为双端VSC-HVDC系统，左端为等效微网系统，含有发电机组、电动机组以及固定负荷和储能设备。交流母线电压为500kV、电压源型换流器VSC交流电压为255kV，直流电压为±250kV，直流电容为500uF。等效发电机组输出375MW有功功率，等效电动机组消耗150MW有功功率，固定负荷为225MW。在10s时将VSC-HVDC投入，微网端VSC为幅相控制，主网端VSC为定直流电压控制。根据模型进行PSCAD仿真，获得微网交流母线以及微网侧VSC动态特性，参见图5。
根据本发明控制初始化方法，在10s前进行微网交流母线电压的量测，获得幅相控制所需的相位和交流幅值，作为控制策略的控制目标参考值。根据电压为229kV，将幅相控制的PCC点交流电压参考值U sref定为229kV，同时将积分器积分初值进行整定如下：
Figure PCTCN2020116987-appb-000006
式中，Us为换流器的PCC点交流电压，Ps和Qs分别为PCC点有功功率和无功功率，X为换流阻抗。在本算例中，Ps＝0，Qs＝15MVar，X设定为0.15pu，计算实际值为10.58ohm，故换流器交流出口侧电压U c(t 0)＝228.3kV。此时幅相控制输出量为：
Figure PCTCN2020116987-appb-000007
式中，K I和K P为积分器和比例环节设定的比例系数，t 0时刻为解锁的时刻，t 1时刻为实际运行后的某一时刻，U sref为交流电压参考值。从上述过程计算或者直接量测得到VSC交流出口侧电压，该电压作为幅相控制积分器的初值，在控制策略启动前对积分器初值进行锁定。10s时，对控制环路和VSC阀级控制发出控制启动信号，然后对积分器初值进行解锁，需要说明的是，该积分器初值的整定，只是整定并锁定了初值，只在启动瞬间起作用，在启动后即使不解除锁定也不会影响运行。可以在图5中见得，仅在2.5s内，就完成了VSC-HVSC的解锁到稳定运行，在这个过程中，直流电压发生小幅震荡，最大跌落约至480kV，交流电压几乎不变。有功功率变化较大，这是由于VSC-HVDC为了实现幅相控制，保证频率为50Hz引起的，可以见得，原本微网频率为49.8Hz，接入VSC后向微网提供了75MW的有功功率，频率稳定为50Hz，整个过程快速平滑，电流不存在过电流问题，电压也不存在过电压问题，通过本发明电力电子设备控制策略初始化方法，实现了在控制策略 初始化后VSC控制策略的良好启动。并且，对于微网通过VSC-HVDC并网这一场景，若采取幅相控制，利用传统控制策略初始化方法并网，由于对积分器清零，换流器交流出口电压幅值和相位将与并网点产生较大差距，会产生系统振荡甚至导致系统崩溃，实现并网较为困难。但是根据上述仿真，本发明能实现在VSC幅相控制下良好的微网并网过程，体现了本发明为电力电子设备提供了更多的应用场景的功能。
应用实施例2：
参见图6为DFIG双馈风力发电机网侧控制结构，根据网侧控制结构，当双馈风机在启动过程中，换流器需要进行解锁，同时控制策略需要进行初始化。根据本发明的初始化方法，其初始化流程如下：
(1)在网侧控制策略启动前，量测风机网侧的有功功率、无功功率、交流电压以及交流电流，从而得到控制环路所需的整定值信息。这些数据为原本控制所必须电气量，无需添加新的量测接口。
(2)根据(1)中控制环路所需的整定值信息，实现控制环路中的积分器初始值整定，在启动控制前锁定积分器初值，此操作能保证控制环路中积分器的输出值等于实际值，当发生控制启动时能够保证输出值与实际值无偏差。对于如图6所示的双馈风机的网侧控制环路，四个比例积分器输出量满足：
Figure PCTCN2020116987-appb-000008
式中，t 0为控制策略启动时刻，t 1为控制策略正常运行的某一时刻，V dc为换流器直流电压，Q s为网侧无功功率，i sd和i sq分别为网侧交流电流的d、q轴分量，V dcref为直流电压参考值，Q sref为无功功率参考值，i sdref为d轴电流参考值，i sqref为q轴电流参考值。在控制初始化时，i sdref(t 0)、i sqref(t 0)可以直接量测得到，U kd(t 0)、U kq(t 0)需要计算得到，其计算公式为：
Figure PCTCN2020116987-appb-000009
式中，P s为换流器网侧有功功率，U s为换流器网侧交流电压有效值，U c为PCC点交流电压有效值，X c为换流电感等效阻抗，R为换流器等效电阻。根据上述过程完成初始化过 程中对积分器的整定。
(3)将换流器直流电压和网侧无功功率参考值设定为(1)中获得的电气量测量值，保证控制环路输入的偏差量为0。控制系统将控制启动信号发送到调制和阀组控制中，启动控制策略；
(4)在控制策略启动时，释放对控制环路积分器初值的锁定，控制环路正常工作，此后可以进行下一次初始化。需要说明的是，该积分器初值的整定，只是整定并锁定了初值，只在启动瞬间起作用，在启动后即使不解除锁定也不会影响运行。此时，控制策略的控制目标参考值仍等于控制启动时的测量值，在控制策略启动逐渐稳定时，再修改参考值为标准值。
以上两应用实施例仅作为示例，不应作为本发明的限制，可应用本发明的电力电子设备包括但不限于表1中展示的以下设备：
Figure PCTCN2020116987-appb-000010
表1
本发明方案所公开的技术手段不仅限于上述实施方式所公开的技术手段，还包括由以上技术特征任意组合所组成的技术方案。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电力电子设备控制初始化方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    (1)在目标控制策略启动前，从实际系统量测电气量进行状态获取，收集与控制部分相关的实时电气量数据；通过实时电气量数据，得出控制环路所需的整定值信息；
    (2)根据步骤(1)中控制环路所需的整定值信息，实现控制环路中的积分器初始值整定，在启动控制前锁定积分器初值；
    (3)将目标控制策略参考值设定为步骤(1)中获得的电气量测量值，控制系统将控制启动信号发送到调制和阀组控制中，启动控制策略。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电力电子设备控制初始化方法，其特征在于，还包括以下步骤：
    (4)在控制策略启动时，释放对控制环路积分器初值的锁定，控制环路正常工作，此后能够进行下一次初始化。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电力电子设备控制初始化方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(2)中在积分器初值锁定后，控制环路中积分器的初值等于积分器整定值。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电力电子设备控制初始化方法，其特征在于，所述控制环路所需的整定值信息包括：控制目标参考值以及积分器的整定值。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电力电子设备控制初始化方法，其特征在于，所述控制策略启动包括：设备阀控解锁时的控制策略启动以及设备控制策略的切换。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电力电子设备控制初始化方法，其特征在于，所述电力电子设备包括：STATCOM静态同步补偿器、SVC静态无功补偿器、TCSC可控串联补偿器、UPFC统一潮流控制器、DFIG双馈感应电机、HVDC高压直流输电系统。
  7. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电力电子设备控制初始化方法，其特征在于，应用在VSC的幅相控制中时，积分器积分初值进行整定如下：
    Figure PCTCN2020116987-appb-100001
    式中，Us为换流器的PCC点交流电压，Ps和Qs分别为PCC点有功功率和无功功率，X为换流阻抗。
  8. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电力电子设备控制初始化方法，其特征在于，所述积分器输出量为：
    Figure PCTCN2020116987-appb-100002
    式中，K I和K P为积分器和比例环节设定的比例系数，t 0时刻为解锁的时刻，t 1时刻为实际运行后的某一时刻，U sref为交流电压参考值。
  9. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电力电子设备控制初始化方法，其特征在于，应用在DFIG双馈风力发电机网侧控制结构中时，四个积分器通过以下方式整定：
    直接量测得到i sdref(t 0)、i sqref(t 0)，通过以下公式计算得到U kd(t 0)、U kq(t 0)：
    Figure PCTCN2020116987-appb-100003
    式中，P s为换流器网侧有功功率，U s为换流器网侧交流电压有效值，U c为PCC点交流电压有效值，t 0为控制策略启动时刻，Q s为网侧无功功率，i sd和i sq分别为网侧交流电流的d、q轴分量，X c为换流电感等效阻抗，R为换流器等效电阻。
  10. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电力电子设备控制初始化方法，其特征在于，四个比例积分器输出量满足：
    Figure PCTCN2020116987-appb-100004
    式中，t 0为控制策略启动时刻，t 1为控制策略正常运行的某一时刻，V dc为换流器直流电压，V dcref为直流电压参考值，Q sref为无功功率参考值，i sdref为d轴电流参考值，i sqref为q轴电流参考值。
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