WO2022037528A1 - 结合bcma的单可变结构域及抗原结合分子 - Google Patents

结合bcma的单可变结构域及抗原结合分子 Download PDF

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WO2022037528A1
WO2022037528A1 PCT/CN2021/112758 CN2021112758W WO2022037528A1 WO 2022037528 A1 WO2022037528 A1 WO 2022037528A1 CN 2021112758 W CN2021112758 W CN 2021112758W WO 2022037528 A1 WO2022037528 A1 WO 2022037528A1
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amino acid
seq
acid sequence
single variable
variable domain
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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甄子朋
谢美娟
杜秀贞
马毅敏
张兵
徐同杰
张喜全
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Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Group Co Ltd
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Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Group Co Ltd
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Priority to EP21857623.9A priority Critical patent/EP4201960A4/en
Priority to JP2023510435A priority patent/JP7821161B2/ja
Priority to KR1020237008715A priority patent/KR20230045095A/ko
Priority to US18/020,584 priority patent/US20230265181A1/en
Priority to CN202180041402.4A priority patent/CN115698077A/zh
Publication of WO2022037528A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022037528A1/zh
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IG], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
    • C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IG], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
    • C07K16/28—Immunoglobulins [IG], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
    • C07K16/2878—Immunoglobulins [IG], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants against the NGF-receptor/TNF-receptor superfamily, e.g. CD27, CD30, CD40, CD95
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IG], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
    • C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IG], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
    • C07K16/24—Immunoglobulins [IG], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against cytokines, lymphokines or interferons
    • C07K16/241—Tumor Necrosis Factors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K2039/505—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies comprising antibodies
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
    • C07K2317/20—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by taxonomic origin
    • C07K2317/22—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by taxonomic origin from camelids, e.g. camel, llama or dromedary
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
    • C07K2317/20—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by taxonomic origin
    • C07K2317/24—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by taxonomic origin containing regions, domains or residues from different species, e.g. chimeric, humanized or veneered
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
    • C07K2317/30—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by aspects of specificity or valency
    • C07K2317/33—Crossreactivity, e.g. for species or epitope, or lack of said crossreactivity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
    • C07K2317/50—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments
    • C07K2317/52—Constant or Fc region; Isotype
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
    • C07K2317/50—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments
    • C07K2317/56—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments variable (Fv) region, i.e. VH and/or VL
    • C07K2317/565—Complementarity determining region [CDR]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
    • C07K2317/50—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments
    • C07K2317/56—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments variable (Fv) region, i.e. VH and/or VL
    • C07K2317/569—Single domain, e.g. dAb, sdAb, VHH, VNAR or nanobody®
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
    • C07K2317/70—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by effect upon binding to a cell or to an antigen
    • C07K2317/72—Increased effector function due to an Fc-modification
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
    • C07K2317/70—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by effect upon binding to a cell or to an antigen
    • C07K2317/76—Antagonist effect on antigen, e.g. neutralization or inhibition of binding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
    • C07K2317/90—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by (pharmaco)kinetic aspects or by stability of the immunoglobulin
    • C07K2317/92—Affinity (KD), association rate (Ka), dissociation rate (Kd) or EC50 value
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K2319/00—Fusion polypeptide

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to antigen-binding molecules, in particular to single variable domains and antigen-binding molecules that bind BCMA.
  • BCMA B cell maturation antigen
  • TFRS17 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17
  • BAFF and APRIL are ligands of BCMA, among which BAFF (also known as BLyS, TALL-1, THANK, zTNF4, TNFSF20, D8Ertd387e) is a high-affinity ligand of BCMA, APRIL (proliferation-inducing ligand, also known as TNFSF13, TALL) -2. TRDL-1) is a low affinity ligand for BCMA.
  • BAFF and APRIL are also members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily B-cell activation factor receptor (BAFF-R), transmembrane activator and calcineurin ligand-interacting molecule (transmembrane activator and calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor; TACI).
  • TNFR tumor necrosis factor receptor
  • BAFF-R tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily B-cell activation factor receptor
  • TACI transmembrane activator and calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor
  • Multiple myeloma is a malignant plasma cell disease in which the expression level of BCMA is significantly increased in multiple myeloma cells.
  • BCMA may be a suitable tumor antigen target for immunotherapeutic agents against multiple myeloma.
  • Immunotherapeutic agents such as antibodies that bind to BCMA can block the binding between BCMA and its natural ligands BAFF or/and APRIL. As potential therapeutic targets, some antibodies targeting BCMA have been developed, but they are still limited and more available options are needed.
  • IgG antibodies in camelid animals in addition to the traditional 4-chain structure antibody IgG1 including light chain and heavy chain, also naturally exist heavy chain-only antibodies (HcAb) IgG2 and IgG3 that do not contain light chain.
  • HcAb heavy chain-only antibodies
  • Only the single variable domain ( VHH or single variable domain) in the heavy chain antibody has the characteristics of specific binding to the antigen and has a high affinity for the antigen, which is called single domain antibody (sdAb).
  • VHH domains are highly soluble and have no tendency to aggregate, small molecules show high tissue penetration, single domain antibodies do not require pairing with light chains, There is no problem of light and heavy chain mismatches when composing bispecific or multispecific antibodies, etc.
  • the present invention provides single variable domains and antigen-binding molecules that bind BCMA.
  • the present invention also provides related nucleotides, vectors, cells, compositions, construction methods and uses capable of encoding the provided single variable domains and antigen-binding molecules.
  • the invention provides an isolated single variable domain that binds BCMA, wherein the single variable domain comprises CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 selected from the group consisting of:
  • the single variable domain comprises a CDR1, a CDR2, and a CDR3 selected from any one of the following:
  • CDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:7; CDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:8; and CDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:9;
  • CDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 10
  • CDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 11
  • CDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 12;
  • CDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 13; CDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 14; and CDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 15; or
  • CDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 16; CDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 17; and CDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 18.
  • the single variable domain comprises at least 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91% of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 19, 21, 23 or 25 , 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or 100% sequence identity of amino acid sequences.
  • the invention provides an isolated single variable domain, wherein the single variable domain comprises CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 of the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 19, 21, 23 or 25.
  • the invention provides an isolated single variable domain, wherein the single variable domain comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 19, 21, 23 or 25.
  • the invention provides an isolated single variable domain that binds the extracellular region of BCMA at one of the Gln7-His19, Pro23-Ser30 and Asn31-Ser44 positions of the BCMA extracellular region or Multiple amino acids, the amino acid sequence of the extracellular region of BCMA is shown in SEQ ID NO:35 or SEQ ID NO:36. The positions described here are numbered sequentially starting from the first amino acid (position 1) in the extracellular domain of human BCMA.
  • the invention provides an isolated single variable domain, wherein the single variable domain binds the same epitope as the single variable domain described in any of the embodiments herein.
  • the invention provides an isolated single variable domain, wherein the single variable domain competes with the single variable domain described in any of the embodiments herein for binding to BCMA.
  • the single variable domains described above herein are camelid or humanized. In some embodiments, the single variable domains described herein above are VHHs , preferably camelid or humanized VHHs .
  • the invention provides uses of the single variable domains described herein, including for the construction of antigen binding molecules, preferably antibodies, monospecific antibodies, multispecific antibodies or immunoconjugates.
  • the invention provides isolated antigen binding molecules that bind BCMA and comprise at least one single variable domain as described herein.
  • the present invention provides a composition comprising an active ingredient and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, wherein the active ingredient is a single variable domain as described herein or an antigen binding molecule as described herein.
  • the antigen binding molecule comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 27, 29, 31 or 33.
  • the invention provides an isolated nucleic acid encoding a single variable domain described herein or an antigen binding molecule described herein.
  • the invention provides a vector comprising the isolated nucleic acid described herein.
  • the invention provides host cells comprising the vectors described herein.
  • the invention provides a method of detecting or measuring BCMA in a sample comprising contacting the sample with a single variable domain described herein or an antigen binding molecule described herein and detecting or measuring the binding complex .
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing a single variable domain described herein, comprising: culturing the host cell, isolating the expressed single variable domain, wherein the vector is an expression vector, the The host cell contains nucleic acid encoding the single variable domain.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing the antigen-binding molecule, comprising: culturing the host cell, and isolating the expressed antigen-binding molecule, wherein the vector is an expression vector, and the host cell contains the encoding nucleic acid of the antigen-binding molecule.
  • the invention provides a method of treating a subject with a BCMA-expressing tumor comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of the single variable domain, the antigen binding molecule or said composition.
  • the invention provides a method of inhibiting, reducing or blocking BCMA signaling in a cell comprising administering to the cell an effective amount of the single variable domain, the antigen binding molecule or the described composition.
  • the present invention provides a method for killing BCMA-expressing tumor cells or inhibiting the growth of BCMA-expressing tumor cells, comprising combining the tumor cells with the single variable domain, the antigen binding molecule or the The composition is contacted.
  • the present invention provides a method of treating a subject with an autoimmune disease comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a single variable domain described herein, An antigen binding molecule or a composition described herein.
  • Fig. 1 is the curve that ELISA detects anti-human BCMA VH H -Fc chimeric antibody binding to antigen
  • Figure 2A is a flow cytometry detection of the binding curve of anti-human BCMA VH H -Fc chimeric antibody to CHO-hBCMA cells;
  • Figure 2B is a flow cytometry detection of the binding curve of anti-human BCMA VH H -Fc chimeric antibody to U266 cells;
  • Figure 2C is a flow cytometry detection of the binding curve of anti-human BCMA VH H -Fc chimeric antibody to RPMI8226 cells;
  • Figure 2D is a flow cytometry detection of the binding curve of anti-human BCMA VH H -Fc chimeric antibody to HUVEC cells;
  • Figure 3A is a flow cytometry detection of the binding curves of 1A10-Fc, 1A11-Fc chimeric antibodies and HEK293T-CynoBCMA;
  • Figure 3B shows the binding curves of 1A10-Fc, 1A11-Fc chimeric antibodies and HEK293T detected by flow cytometry;
  • Figure 4 shows the results of competition ELISA detection of human BCMA VH H -Fc chimeric antibody and ligand APRIL;
  • Figure 5A is a comparison diagram of the amino acid sequence of the extracellular region of human and cynomolgus monkey BCMA;
  • Figure 5B is the crystal structure of the extracellular region of human BCMA
  • Figure 5C shows the epitope relationship of 1A1, 1A10, 1A11 and 1B10.
  • antigen-binding molecule in its broadest sense refers to a molecule that specifically binds an antigenic determinant.
  • antigen binding molecules are antibodies, fusion proteins, antibody conjugates.
  • immunoglobulin refers to a protein having the structure of a naturally occurring antibody.
  • immunoglobulins of the human IgG class are heterotetrameric glycoproteins of approximately 150,000 Daltons consisting of two light and two heavy chains linked by disulfide bonds. From the N-terminus to the C-terminus, each heavy chain has a heavy chain variable region (VH), followed by a hinge region (HR) and three constant domains (CH1, CH2 and CH3), also referred to as heavy chain constant regions.
  • VH heavy chain variable region
  • HR hinge region
  • CH1, CH2 and CH3 constant domains
  • the heavy chain also has a CH4 domain.
  • an immunoglobulin heavy chain is a polypeptide consisting of the following domains in the N-terminal to C-terminal direction: VH-CH1-HR-CH2-CH3-(CH4).
  • each light chain has a light chain variable region (VL) followed by a constant light chain domain, also referred to as a light chain constant region (CL).
  • VL light chain variable region
  • CL constant light chain domain
  • an immunoglobulin light chain is a polypeptide consisting in the N-terminal to C-terminal direction of the following domains: VL-CL.
  • Human immunoglobulins consist essentially of two Fab and Fc domains linked by an immunoglobulin hinge region.
  • antibody is used in the broadest sense to encompass a variety of antibody structures including, but not limited to, monoclonal antibodies, polyclonal antibodies, multispecific antibodies (eg, bispecific antibodies, trispecific antibodies), and antibody fragments, as long as They show the desired antigen binding activity.
  • variable domain refers to the domain of an antibody that is involved in the binding of the antibody to an antigen.
  • Each variable domain of a native antibody consists essentially of four "framework regions” and three complementarity determining regions.
  • the four "framework regions” are referred to in the art and hereinafter as “framework region 1" or “FR1”, “framework region 2" or “FR2”, “framework region 3” or “FR3”, and “framework region”, respectively 4" or "FR4";
  • the framework regions are referred to in the art and hereinafter as “complementarity determining region 1" or “CDR1”, “complementarity determining region 2" or “CDR2”, and “complementarity determining region 3" or “CDR2", respectively.
  • variable domain The three “complementarity determining regions” or “CDRs” of CDR3" are spaced apart.
  • CDRs complementarity determining regions
  • the general structure or sequence of a variable domain can be represented as follows: FR1-CDR1-FR2-CDR2-FR3-CDR3-FR4.
  • Variable domains confer antigen specificity to an antibody by having an antigen-binding site.
  • single variable domain refers to a variable domain capable of specifically binding an epitope without pairing with other variable domains.
  • the antigen binding site of a single variable domain is usually formed by three CDRs (CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3), present on a single domain.
  • the single variable domain may be a heavy chain variable domain (eg, VH) or a suitable fragment thereof; so long as it is capable of forming a single antigen-binding unit (ie, functionally consisting essentially of a single variable domain) antigen-binding unit so that a single antigen-binding domain does not need to interact with another variable domain to form a functional antigen-binding unit).
  • Another example of a single variable domain is the camelid "VHH domain” (or simply "VHH" or " VHH ").
  • VHH domains also known as VHH, VHH , VHH domains, or single-domain antibodies, were originally described as “heavy chain-only antibodies” (ie, "antibodies lacking light chains") with the ability to bind an antigen. variable domain.
  • VHH domain is used to relate these variable domains to the heavy chain variable domains present in conventional 4-chain antibodies (referred to herein as "VH domains” or “VH”) and to those present in conventional 4-chain antibodies
  • VH domains heavy chain variable domains
  • VL domains the light chain variable domains in 4-chain antibodies are distinguished.
  • VHH domain binds specifically to the epitope without the need for additional antigen binding domains (unlike the VH or VL domains in conventional 4-chain antibodies, in which case the epitope is recognized by the VL domain along with the VH domain).
  • VHH domains are small stable and efficient antigen recognition units formed from a single domain.
  • CDR complementarity determining region
  • HVR hypervariable region
  • Native tetrabodies typically contain six CDRs, three in the heavy chain variable region (heavy chain CDR1, heavy chain CDR2, and heavy chain CDR3) and three in the light chain variable region (light chain CDR1, light chain CDR2 and light chain CDR3).
  • Heavy chain-only antibodies or single variable domains typically have three CDRs (CDR1 (or HVR1), CDR2 (or HVR2), and CDR3 (or HVR3)).
  • CDR3 shows the most diversity of the three CDRs and is believed to play a unique role in conferring fine specificity to antibodies.
  • CDRs There are currently many ways to divide and define CDRs. Among them, the Kabat definition divides CDRs based on sequence variability, and is the most commonly used (Elvin A. Kabat, et al, Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest, 5th Edition, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. ( 1991)); while the Chothia definition is based on the position of the structural loops (Cyrus Chothia, et al, Canonical Structures for the Hypervariable Regions of Immunoglobulins, J. Mol. Biol. 196:901-917 (1987)).
  • the AbM definition is a compromise between the Kabat definition and the Chothia definition, and is used by Oxford Molecular's AbM antibody modeling software. "Contact" defines CDRs based on the analysis of available complex crystal structures. The residues of each of these CDRs are reported in Table S1 below.
  • CDRs complementarity determining regions
  • HVRs are used to refer to the CDRs as defined by Kabat (Elvin A. Kabat, et al, Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest, 5th ed. , Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. (1991)). Based on the amino acid sequence of the variable region of the antibody, those skilled in the art can routinely determine which amino acid residues a CDR of any definition contains, and CDRs of other arbitrary definitions (eg, Chothia, AbM definitions, etc.) will also be included within the scope of the present invention. .
  • Amino acid residue numbering for single variable domains is according to Kabat et al. (Elvin A. Kabat, et al, Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest, 5th Edition, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda , Md. (1991)) given the VH general numbering system, as in the article by Riechmann et al (L Riechmann, et al, Single domain antibodies: comparison of camel VH and camelized human VH domains, J.Immunol.Methods. (1999)) applied to the VHH domain of camelid.
  • FR1 of VHH comprises amino acid residues at positions 1-30
  • CDR1 of VHH comprises amino acid residues at positions 31-35
  • FR2 of VHH comprises amino acid residues at positions 36-49
  • CDR2 of VHH contains amino acid residues at positions 50-65
  • FR3 of VHH contains amino acid residues at positions 66-94
  • CDR3 of VHH contains amino acid residues at positions 95-102
  • VH FR4 of H contains amino acid residues at positions 103-113.
  • the total number of amino acid residues in each CDR may vary and may not correspond to the total number of amino acid residues indicated by the Kabat numbering (i.e. , one or more positions in the actual sequence according to Kabat numbering may not be occupied, or the actual sequence may contain a greater number of amino acid residues than the Kabat numbering allows).
  • “Variable domain residue numbering as in Kabat” or “amino acid position numbering as in Kabat” and variations thereof refer to Kabat et al. (Elvin A. Kabat, et al, Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest, 5th ed. , Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. (1991)) numbering system for encoding heavy or light chain variable domains of antibodies. Using this numbering system, the actual linear amino acid sequence may contain fewer or additional amino acids corresponding to shortenings or insertions of the FRs or CDRs of the variable domains.
  • a heavy chain variable domain may comprise a single amino acid insertion following amino acid residue 52 of CDR2 (amino acid residue 52a according to Kabat) and an inserted amino acid residue following amino acid residue 82 of a heavy chain FR (eg according to Kabat's amino acid residue 82) amino acid residues 82a, 82b and 82c, etc.).
  • the Kabat numbering of amino acid residues of a given antibody can be determined by aligning the antibody sequence with the sequence of homologous regions in "standard" Kabat numbering.
  • frame region or "FR” residues are those amino acid residues of a variable domain other than the CDR residues as defined herein.
  • human consensus framework region or "acceptor human framework” is a framework representing the most frequently occurring amino acid residues in a selection of human immunoglobulin VL or VH framework region sequences.
  • human immunoglobulin VL or VH sequences are selected from a subset of variable domain sequences.
  • a subset of sequences is that in Kabat et al., Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest, 5th Ed., Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. (1991). Examples include: for VL, the subgroups may be subgroups Kl, KII, KIII, or KIV as described by Kabat et al., supra.
  • the subgroup can be subgroup I, subgroup II or subgroup III as described by Kabat et al.
  • the human consensus framework can be derived from the residues specified above, such as when based on the identity of the human framework residues to the donor framework by aligning the donor framework sequences with a collection of various human framework sequences.
  • the acceptor human framework "derived from" a human consensus framework region when selecting human framework region residues by origin may comprise its identical amino acid sequence, or it may contain pre-existing amino acid sequence changes. In some embodiments, the number of pre-existing amino acid changes is 10 or less, 9 or less, 8 or less, 7 or less, 6 or less, 5 or less, 4 or less, 3 or less or 2 or less.
  • Fc domain or “Fc” is used to define the C-terminal region of an immunoglobulin heavy chain, which comprises at least part of the constant region.
  • the term includes native sequence Fc and variant Fc.
  • the C-terminal lysine of the Fc (Lys447 according to the EU numbering system) may or may not be present.
  • EC50 refers to an effective concentration, the 50% maximal response of an antigen binding molecule.
  • IC50 refers to the inhibitory concentration, the 50% maximal response of an antigen-binding molecule. Both EC50 and IC50 can be measured by ELISA or FACS analysis or any other method known in the art.
  • KD refers to the equilibrium dissociation constant, expressed in molarity (M).
  • M molarity
  • the KD value of an antigen-binding molecule can be determined using methods known in the art.
  • One method of determining the KD of an antigen-binding molecule is to use surface plasmon resonance, such as using a biosensor system, such as the Biacore system.
  • treating refers to the purpose of treating, curing, alleviating, alleviating, altering, remediating, ameliorating, ameliorating or affecting a disorder (eg, a disease), a symptom of a disorder, or to prevent or delay a symptom, complication, biochemical The onset of an indicator, or the use of measures that otherwise retard or inhibit the further progression of a disease, disorder, or condition.
  • terapéuticaally effective amount refers to the amount of an antigen binding molecule or composition or other administration necessary to provide a therapeutic and/or prophylactic benefit to a subject.
  • subject includes any human or non-human animal.
  • non-human animal includes all vertebrates, eg, mammals and non-mammals, such as non-human primates, sheep, dogs, anchors, horses, cattle, chickens, amphibians, reptiles, and the like.
  • the subject according to the present invention is a human.
  • the terms “patient” or “subject” are used interchangeably.
  • ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
  • SPR surface plasmon resonance
  • isolated refers to a compound of interest (eg, a VHH, antigen-binding molecule, antibody, or nucleic acid) that has been isolated from its natural environment.
  • a compound of interest eg, a VHH, antigen-binding molecule, antibody, or nucleic acid
  • epitopes or the term “antigenic determinant” used interchangeably refers to any antigenic determinant on an antigen to which the paratope of an antibody binds.
  • Epitopes typically contain chemically active surface groups of molecules, such as amino acids or sugar side chains, and typically have specific three-dimensional structural characteristics as well as specific charge characteristics.
  • epitopes typically include at least 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, or 15 consecutive or non-contiguous amino acids in a unique spatial conformation, which may be "linear” "Epitope” or “Conformational” Epitope.
  • sequence identity also called identity.
  • the comparison of sequences and the determination of percent identity between two sequences can be accomplished using mathematical algorithms, as shown in the non-limiting examples below.
  • the percent identity between two amino acid sequences can be determined using the algorithm of E. Meyers and W. Miller (Comput. Appl.
  • “about” means within an acceptable error range for a particular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art, which depends in part on how the value is measured or determined, ie, limitations of the measurement system. For example, “about” can mean within 1 or more than 1 standard deviation as practiced in the art. Alternatively, “about” can mean a range of up to 5% (ie, ⁇ 5%), eg, within ⁇ 2%, ⁇ 1%, or ⁇ 0.5% of the particular numerical range given. Furthermore, particularly with respect to biological systems or methods, the term can mean up to an order of magnitude or up to 5 times a value. When a particular value is given in this application or in the claims, unless stated otherwise, the meaning of "about” is to be construed as being within an acceptable error range for that particular value.
  • One aspect of the invention provides isolated single variable domains that bind to BCMA, such as human BCMA.
  • Single variable domains provide more available options for drug development or drug construction targeting BCMA.
  • the single variable domains have many desirable therapeutic properties, such as good affinity for human BCMA and the ability to block the binding of the proliferation-inducing ligand APRIL to BCMA.
  • the single variable domain does not bind to human TACI and BAFFR proteins, showing specificity; in some embodiments, it cross-reacts with monkey BCMA, since monkeys are ideal for drug toxicology experiments Animals, cross-reaction with monkeys will facilitate the development of drug toxicology experiments.
  • a BCMA-binding single variable domain comprising one, two or all three CDRs of the single variable domain set forth in SEQ ID NO:19 is provided.
  • a specific embodiment provides a BCMA-binding single variable domain comprising CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 of the single variable domain set forth in SEQ ID NO: 19.
  • a BCMA-binding single variable domain comprising one, two or all three CDRs of the single variable domain set forth in SEQ ID NO:21 is provided.
  • a specific embodiment provides a BCMA-binding single variable domain comprising CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 of the single variable domain shown in SEQ ID NO: 21.
  • a BCMA-binding single variable domain comprising one, two or all three CDRs of the single variable domain set forth in SEQ ID NO:23 is provided.
  • a specific embodiment provides a BCMA-binding single variable domain comprising CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 of the single variable domain set forth in SEQ ID NO: 23.
  • a BCMA-binding single variable domain comprising one, two or all three CDRs of the single variable domain set forth in SEQ ID NO:25 is provided.
  • a specific embodiment provides a BCMA-binding single variable domain comprising CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 of the single variable domain set forth in SEQ ID NO: 25.
  • the single variable domain is camelid.
  • the single variable domain is humanized.
  • the single variable domain comprises an acceptor human framework.
  • a BCMA-binding single variable domain comprising at least one, at least two or all three CDRs selected from: (a) comprising SEQ ID NOs: 7, 10, 13 and CDR1 of the amino acid sequence of 16; (b) CDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 8, 11, 14 and 17; and (c) comprising the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 9, 12, 15 and 18 sequence of CDR3.
  • the single variable domain is camelid.
  • the single variable domain is humanized.
  • the single variable domain comprises an acceptor human framework.
  • a BCMA-binding single variable domain comprising three CDRs (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3), the CDRs comprising: (a) with a combination selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 7, 10, 13 and The amino acid sequence of 16 has at least about 70%, about 75%, about 80%, about 85%, about 86%, about 87%, about 88%, about 89%, about 90%, about 91%, about 92%, A CDR1 having a sequence identity of any one of about 93%, about 94%, about 95%, about 96%, about 97%, about 98%, about 99% or about 100%; (b) with a CDR1 selected from the group consisting of SEQ The amino acid sequences of ID NOs: 8, 11, 14 and 17 have at least about 85%, about 86%, about 87%, about 88%, about 89%, about 90%, about 91%, about 92%, about 93% , about 94%, about 95%, about 96%, about 97%, about 98%, about
  • the amino acid sequences of 9, 12, 15 and 18 have at least about 85%, about 86%, about 87%, about 88%, about 89%, about 90%, about 91%, about 92%, about 93%, about CDR3s with any of 94%, about 95%, about 96%, about 97%, about 98%, about 99%, or about 100% sequence identity.
  • a BCMA-binding single variable domain comprising three CDRs (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3), the CDRs comprising: (a) having at least the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:7 about 70%, about 75%, about 80%, about 85%, about 86%, about 87%, about 88%, about 89%, about 90%, about 91%, about 92%, about 93%, about 94% %, about 95%, about 96%, about 97%, about 98%, about 99%, or about 100% sequence identity of any one of CDR1s; (b) having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:8 at least about 85%, about 86%, about 87%, about 88%, about 89%, about 90%, about 91%, about 92%, about 93%, about 94%, about 95%, about 96%, about A CDR2 having any one of 97%, about 98%, about 99%, or about 100% sequence identity; and (c) having at least about 85%, about 86%, about 87%
  • a BCMA-binding single variable domain comprising three CDRs (CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3), the CDRs comprising: (a) having at least the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 10 about 70%, about 75%, about 80%, about 85%, about 86%, about 87%, about 88%, about 89%, about 90%, about 91%, about 92%, about 93%, about 94% %, about 95%, about 96%, about 97%, about 98%, about 99%, or about 100% sequence identity of any one of CDR1; (b) having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 11 at least about 85%, about 86%, about 87%, about 88%, about 89%, about 90%, about 91%, about 92%, about 93%, about 94%, about 95%, about 96%, about A CDR2 having a sequence identity of any one of 97%, about 98%, about 99%, or about 100%; and (c) having at least about 85%, about 86%, about
  • a BCMA-binding single variable domain comprising three CDRs (CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3), the CDRs comprising: (a) having at least the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 13 about 70%, about 75%, about 80%, about 85%, about 86%, about 87%, about 88%, about 89%, about 90%, about 91%, about 92%, about 93%, about 94% %, about 95%, about 96%, about 97%, about 98%, about 99%, or about 100% sequence identity of any one of CDR1; (b) having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 14 at least about 85%, about 86%, about 87%, about 88%, about 89%, about 90%, about 91%, about 92%, about 93%, about 94%, about 95%, about 96%, about A CDR2 having any one of 97%, about 98%, about 99%, or about 100% sequence identity; and (c) having at least about 85%, about 86%, about 100% of the
  • a BCMA-binding single variable domain comprising three CDRs (CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3), the CDRs comprising: (a) having at least the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 16 about 70%, about 75%, about 80%, about 85%, about 86%, about 87%, about 88%, about 89%, about 90%, about 91%, about 92%, about 93%, about 94% %, about 95%, about 96%, about 97%, about 98%, about 99%, or about 100% sequence identity of any one of the CDR1s; (b) having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 17 at least about 85%, about 86%, about 87%, about 88%, about 89%, about 90%, about 91%, about 92%, about 93%, about 94%, about 95%, about 96%, about A CDR2 having any one of 97%, about 98%, about 99%, or about 100% sequence identity; and (c) having at least about 85%, about 86%, about 100%
  • At least about 70%, about 75%, about 80%, about 85%, about 86%, about 87%, about 88%, about 89%, about 90%, about 91%, about 92% CDRs with any of %, about 93%, about 94%, about 95%, about 96%, about 97%, about 98%, about 99%, or about 100% identity contain substitutions relative to the reference sequence ( For example, conservative substitutions), insertions or deletions, but the single variable domain comprising this sequence retains the ability to bind to BCMA.
  • a single variable domain comprising three CDRs (CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3) comprising: (a) an amino acid selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 7, 10, 13 and 16 A CDR1 having about 1 or about 2 amino acid substitutions (e.g., conservative substitutions), insertions or deletions in sequence comparison; CDR2 with any one of about 1, about 2, or about 3 amino acid substitutions (e.g., conservative substitutions), insertions or deletions compared to the amino acid sequence of CDR3 having any of about 1, about 2, or about 3 amino acid substitutions (eg, conservative substitutions), insertions, or deletions compared to the amino acid sequences of 9, 12, 15, and 18.
  • the single variable domains are affinity matured.
  • the single variable domain is camelid.
  • the single variable domain is humanized.
  • the single variable domain comprises an acceptor human framework.
  • a BCMA-binding single variable domain comprising three CDRs (CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3), the CDRs comprising: CDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:7; comprising SEQ ID NO: : CDR2 of the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 8; and CDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 9.
  • a BCMA-binding single variable domain comprising three CDRs (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3), the CDRs comprising: CDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 10; comprising SEQ ID NO: : CDR2 of the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 11; and CDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 12.
  • a BCMA-binding single variable domain comprising three CDRs (CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3), the CDRs comprising: CDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 13; comprising SEQ ID NO : CDR2 of the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 14; and CDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 15.
  • a BCMA-binding single variable domain comprising three CDRs (CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3), the CDRs comprising: CDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 16; comprising SEQ ID NO : CDR2 of the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 17; and CDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 18.
  • the single variable domain is camelid.
  • the single variable domain is humanized.
  • the single variable domain comprises an acceptor human framework.
  • the single variable domain (including any of the above-described embodiments, eg, the above-described single variable domain comprising a particular CDRl, CDR2, and/or CDR3) comprises and is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 19, 21, 23 and
  • the amino acid sequence of 25 has at least about 85%, about 86%, about 87%, about 88%, about 89%, about 90%, about 91%, about 92%, about 93%, about 94%, about 95%, VHH of any of about 96%, about 97%, about 98%, about 99%, or about 100% sequence identity.
  • the single variable domain (including any of the above-described embodiments, eg, the above-described single variable domain comprising a particular CDRl, CDR2, and/or CDR3) comprises an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 19 having at least about 85%, about 86%, about 87%, about 88%, about 89%, about 90%, about 91%, about 92%, about 93%, about 94%, about 95%, about 96%, VHH of any of about 97%, about 98%, about 99%, or about 100% sequence identity.
  • the single variable domain (including any of the above-described embodiments, eg, the above-described single variable domain comprising a particular CDRl, CDR2, and/or CDR3) comprises an amino acid sequence having at least the same amino acid sequence as SEQ ID NO:21 about 85%, about 86%, about 87%, about 88%, about 89%, about 90%, about 91%, about 92%, about 93%, about 94%, about 95%, about 96%, about 97% VHH of any of %, about 98%, about 99%, or about 100% sequence identity.
  • the single variable domain (including any of the above-described embodiments, eg, the above-described single variable domain comprising a particular CDR1, CDR2, and/or CDR3) comprises an amino acid sequence having at least the same amino acid sequence as SEQ ID NO:23 about 85%, about 86%, about 87%, about 88%, about 89%, about 90%, about 91%, about 92%, about 93%, about 94%, about 95%, about 96%, about 97% VHH domains of any of %, about 98%, about 99%, or about 100% sequence identity.
  • the single variable domain (including any of the above-described embodiments, eg, the above-described single variable domain comprising a particular CDR1, CDR2, and/or CDR3) comprises an amino acid sequence having at least one of the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:25 about 85%, about 86%, about 87%, about 88%, about 89%, about 90%, about 91%, about 92%, about 93%, about 94%, about 95%, about 96%, about 97% VHH of any of %, about 98%, about 99%, or about 100% sequence identity.
  • the single variable domain comprises at least about 85%, about 86%, about 87%, about 88%, about 89%, about 90%, V of any of about 91%, about 92%, about 93%, about 94%, about 95%, about 96%, about 97%, about 98%, about 99%, or about 100% sequence identity H H, and V H H include: CDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:7, CDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:8, and CDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:9.
  • the single variable domain comprises at least about 85%, about 86%, about 87%, about 88%, about 89%, about 90%, V of any of about 91%, about 92%, about 93%, about 94%, about 95%, about 96%, about 97%, about 98%, about 99%, or about 100% sequence identity H H, and V H H include: CDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:10, CDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:11, and CDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:12.
  • the single variable domain comprises at least about 85%, about 86%, about 87%, about 88%, about 89%, about 90%, V of any of about 91%, about 92%, about 93%, about 94%, about 95%, about 96%, about 97%, about 98%, about 99%, or about 100% sequence identity H H, and V H H include: CDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:13, CDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:14, and CDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:15.
  • the single variable domain comprises at least about 85%, about 86%, about 87%, about 88%, about 89%, about 90%, V of any of about 91%, about 92%, about 93%, about 94%, about 95%, about 96%, about 97%, about 98%, about 99%, or about 100% sequence identity H H, and V H H include: CDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:16, CDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:17, and CDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:18.
  • VH sequence that is any one of %, about 96%, about 97%, about 98%, or about 99% identical contains substitutions (e.g., conservative substitutions), insertions or deletions relative to the reference sequence, but includes the The single variable domain of the sequence retains the ability to bind to BCMA.
  • 1-18, 1-16, 1-14, 1-12, 1-10, 1-9, 1 in total in the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 19, 21, 23, and 25 -8, 1-7, 1-6, 1-5, 1-4, 1-3 or 1-2 amino acids are substituted, inserted and/or deleted.
  • substitutions, insertions or deletions occur in regions other than CDRs (ie, in FRs).
  • the substitution, insertion or deletion occurs in a CDR region, eg, one, two or three of CDRl, CDR2, CDR3 occur.
  • substitutions, insertions or deletions occur in CDR regions and non-CDR regions.
  • the single variable domain comprises an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 19, 21, 23 and 25, including post-translational modifications of the sequence.
  • isolated single variable domains of VHH comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 19, 21, 23 or 25 are provided.
  • the single variable domain (including any of the above-described embodiments, eg, the above-described single variable domain comprising a particular CDRl, CDR2, and/or CDR3) is VHH .
  • the basic VHH has the following structure from N-terminus to C-terminus: FR1-CDR1-FR2-CDR2-FR3-CDR3-FR4, where FR1 to FR4 refer to framework regions 1 to 4, respectively, where CDR1 to CDR3 refer to complementarity determining Zones 1 to 3.
  • the single variable domain (including any of the above-described embodiments, eg, the above-described single variable domain comprising a specific CDRl, CDR2, and/or CDR3) is a humanized VHH .
  • Non-human derived single variable domains can be obtained by replacing one or more of the amino acid sequences of the original single variable domain sequence with one or more amino acid residues present at corresponding positions in the VH domain of a conventional human 4-chain antibody. amino acid residues are "humanized”. Humanization can desirably reduce immunogenicity.
  • a single variable domain may comprise, alone or in combination, one or more of the following property characteristics:
  • the single variable domain binds human BCMA. In some embodiments, the single variable domain binds human BCMA and monkey BCMA such as cynomolgus monkey BCMA.
  • the single variable domain blocks the binding of APRIL to BCMA.
  • the single variable domains do not bind to human TACI or/and BAFFR proteins, exhibiting good specificity.
  • the single variable domain combines property features (i)-(ii) above. In some embodiments, the single variable domain combines properties (i) and (iii) above; in some embodiments, the single variable domain combines properties (i), (iii) above ) and (iv); in some embodiments, the single variable domain combines the above property features (i)-(iv).
  • the invention provides single variable domains that bind the same epitope as any of the single variable domains described herein.
  • a single variable domain is provided that binds the same epitope as the single variable domain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 19, 21, 23 or 25.
  • the single variable domains that bind the same epitope are camelid, or humanized.
  • Single variable domains can be screened for competition for binding to the same epitope using routine techniques known to those of skill in the art. For example, competition and cross-competition studies can be performed to obtain single variable domains that compete with each other or cross-compete for antigen binding. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the present invention provides a single variable domain that competes with any of the single variable domains described herein for binding to BCMA. In some specific embodiments, a single variable domain is provided that competes with a single variable domain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 19, 21, 23 or 25 for binding to BCMA. Binding to BCMA can be measured by ELISA, flow cytometry, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assay, or any other method known in the art. In some embodiments, the single variable domain that competes for binding to BCMA is camelid, or humanized.
  • the present invention provides some exemplary single variable domains that bind BCMA.
  • the amino acid sequences of the CDRs (CDRl, CDR2 and CDR3) of the exemplary single variable domains provided herein are provided in Table S2 below.
  • the full-length amino acid sequences of exemplary single variable domains are provided in Table S3 below.
  • the single variable domains of the present invention can be used to construct any desired antigen binding molecule, thereby conferring on the antigen binding molecule targeted binding properties to BCMA or other properties of the single variable domain. Accordingly, the present invention provides isolated antigen binding molecules comprising at least one (one or more) single variable domains of the present invention.
  • the antigen binding molecule comprises at least one single variable domain comprising CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 selected from any of the following group:
  • the single variable domain comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 19, 21, 23 or 25. In some more specific embodiments, the amino acid sequence of the single variable domain is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 19, 21, 23 or 25.
  • the antigen-binding molecule comprises two or more single variable domains
  • the same or different single variable domains can be selected.
  • the antigen binding molecules include antibodies, monospecific antibodies, multispecific antibodies or immunoconjugates.
  • the antigen binding molecule is an antibody.
  • the antibody is a monospecific antibody, and in another specific example, the antibody is a bispecific antibody.
  • the antibody or immunoconjugate comprises an immunoglobulin constant region.
  • the antibody or immunoconjugate comprises human immunoglobulin Fc.
  • the Fc is a human IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 or IgG4 Fc.
  • the antigen binding molecule is camelid, chimeric or humanized.
  • an antigen binding molecule may comprise one or more of the following property characteristics, alone or in combination:
  • the antigen binding molecule binds human BCMA.
  • the antigen binding molecule has the following binding affinity (KD) for human BCMA at about 1E-12M to about 1E-08M, about 1E-11M to about 1E-08M, about 8.12E-10M In the range of about 1.29E-10M, or about 8.12E-10M to about 3.13E-10M.
  • the antigen binding molecule has the following binding affinity (KD) for human BCMA: about 1E-08M or less, about 1E-09M or less, about 8.12E-10M or less, about 6.49 E-10M or less, about 3.13E-10M or less, or, about 1.29E-10M or less.
  • the binding affinity KD of the antigen binding molecules provided herein is measured by Biacore.
  • the antigen binding molecule binds human BCMA and monkey BCMA.
  • 1A10 single variable domain, 1A11 single variable domain, 1A10-Fc, and 1A11-Fc not only have good affinity for human BCMA, but also bind to cynomolgus monkey BCMA.
  • the cross-reaction with monkey BCMA will be beneficial to the development and conduct of drug toxicology experiments.
  • the antigen binding molecule blocks the binding of APRIL to BCMA.
  • the antigen-binding molecule does not bind to human TACI or/and BAFFR protein and exhibits good specificity.
  • the antigen binding molecule combines the above property features (i)-(ii). In some embodiments, the antigen binding molecule combines property features (i) and (iii) above; in some embodiments, the antigen binding molecule combines property features (i), (iii) and (iv) above ); in some embodiments, the antigen-binding molecule combines the above-mentioned property features (i)-(iv).
  • the present invention provides exemplary antigen binding molecules, such as monospecific antibodies (including 1A1-Fc, 1A10-Fc, 1A11-Fc and 1B10-Fc antibodies), by fusing a single variable domain to the Fc of human IgG1 by Fc forms homodimers.
  • monospecific antibodies including 1A1-Fc, 1A10-Fc, 1A11-Fc and 1B10-Fc antibodies
  • the amino acid sequences of exemplary monospecific antibodies are provided in Table S4 below.
  • the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising an active ingredient and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, wherein the active ingredient is a single variable domain as described herein or an antigen binding molecule as described herein.
  • any one or more of the 1A1-Fc, 1A10-Fc, 1A11-Fc, and 1B10-Fc antibodies, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier are formulated into a pharmaceutical composition.
  • Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers include, for example, excipients, diluents, encapsulating materials, fillers, buffers, or other agents.
  • the present invention provides isolated nucleic acids encoding the single variable domains described herein or the antigen binding molecules described herein.
  • the nucleic acid encodes a single variable domain, such as a single variable domain of 1A1-Fc, 1A10-Fc, 1A11-Fc, or 1B10-Fc.
  • the nucleic acid encodes an antigen binding molecule, such as 1A1-Fc, 1A10-Fc, 1A11-Fc, or 1B10-Fc.
  • the sequence listing exemplifies the nucleic acid sequences of some single variable domains, antigen binding molecules.
  • the present invention provides vectors comprising the isolated nucleic acids.
  • the vector is a cloning vector; in other embodiments, the vector is an expression vector.
  • the expression vector can be any expression vector capable of expressing the single variable domain or antigen-binding molecule described herein, a specific example, the expression vector is pcDNA3.1.
  • host cells comprising the vectors described herein, the host cells being suitable host cells for cloning or expressing single variable domains or antigen-binding molecules.
  • the host cell is a prokaryotic cell.
  • the host cell is a eukaryotic cell.
  • the host cell is selected from yeast cells, mammalian cells, or other cells suitable for the production of antigen-binding molecules.
  • Mammalian cells are, for example, Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and CHO-S cells.
  • provided herein is a method of making a single variable domain, the method comprising: culturing a host cell comprising a nucleic acid encoding a single variable domain described herein, from the host cell or host cell culture medium The single variable domain was recovered in.
  • a method of making an antigen binding molecule the method comprising: culturing a host cell comprising a nucleic acid encoding an antigen binding molecule described herein, recovering the host cell or host cell culture medium Antigen binding molecules.
  • the nucleic acid encoding the single variable domain or antigen binding molecule is inserted into a vector for further cloning and/or expression in host cells.
  • the nucleic acid can be obtained by various methods well known in the art, such as gene splicing and chemical synthesis.
  • the present invention provides the use of single variable domains or antigen binding molecules.
  • the present invention provides methods of treating a subject with a BCMA-expressing tumor comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a single variable domain described herein, an antigen binding molecule described herein, or an antigen binding molecule described herein or herein. the described composition.
  • Subjects in need of treatment include those already suffering from the disease or condition, as well as subjects likely to suffer from the disease or condition and whose purpose is to prevent, delay or attenuate the disease or condition.
  • the invention also provides use of a single variable domain described herein, an antigen binding molecule described herein, or a composition described herein in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of a subject having a BCMA-expressing tumor.
  • the present invention provides methods of inhibiting, reducing or blocking BCMA signaling in a cell comprising administering to the cell an effective amount of a single variable domain described herein, an antigen binding molecule described herein, or an antigen binding molecule described herein Compositions.
  • the present invention also provides the use of a single variable domain or antigen binding molecule in the manufacture of a medicament for inhibiting, reducing or blocking BCMA signaling in a cell.
  • the cells are tumor cells.
  • the present invention provides methods of killing BCMA-expressing tumor cells or inhibiting the growth of BCMA-expressing tumor cells, comprising binding the tumor cells to a single variable domain described herein, an antigen binding molecule described herein, or an antigen binding molecule described herein. contact with the composition.
  • the present invention also provides the use of the single variable domain, the antigen binding molecule or the composition described herein in preparing a medicament for killing BCMA-expressing tumor cells or inhibiting the growth of BCMA-expressing tumor cells.
  • the above-mentioned tumor may be a B-cell malignancy, specific examples such as lymphoma, myeloma, multiple myeloma or leukemia.
  • the present invention provides methods of treating a subject with an autoimmune disease comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a single variable domain described herein, an antigen binding molecule described herein, or an antigen binding molecule described herein or herein. the described composition.
  • the present invention also provides the use of a single variable domain described herein, an antigen binding molecule described herein, or a composition described herein in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of a subject with an autoimmune disease.
  • the autoimmune disease may be systemic lupus erythematosus.
  • methods of detecting or measuring BCMA in a sample comprising contacting the sample with a single variable domain or antigen binding molecule described herein and detecting or measuring the binding complex.
  • the recombinant human BCMA-Fc fusion protein (ACRO, product catalog No. BC7-H5254) was mixed and emulsified with complete Freund's adjuvant according to the volume ratio of 1:1, and the Bactrian camel was immunized by subcutaneous multi-point injection for the first time; Weekly, the recombinant human BCMA-Fc fusion protein and incomplete Freund's adjuvant were mixed and emulsified at a volume ratio of 1:1 for boosting immunization. Serum was taken after the 4th or 5th immunization to measure the titer of anti-human BCMA antibodies. After multiple rounds of immunization, the peripheral blood of Bactrian camel was collected, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated.
  • PBMC peripheral blood mononuclear cells
  • Total RNA was extracted from PBMC (from 1.1) using TRIzol TM reagent. The quality of the extracted total RNA was assessed by 1% agarose gel electrophoresis and quantified by measuring the absorbance at 260nm and 280nm , the ratio of OD260nm/OD280nm should be between 1.8-2.0.
  • RNA was reverse transcribed into cDNA using the cDNA synthesis kit PrimeScript TM II 1st Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit (TAKARA, Catalog No. 6210A) according to the instructions.
  • the variable region sequence of camelid antibody was amplified by nested PCR method, and the specific method was as follows. Using cDNA as a template, primers Call001 (SEQ ID NO: 1) and Call002 (SEQ ID NO: 2) were used to carry out the first round of PCR amplification, and the short fragments of the amplified DNA products were recovered with a gel recovery kit (QIAGEN, product catalogue). No. 28706) purification.
  • V-Back (SEQ ID NO: 3): GATGTGCAGCTGCAGGAGTCTGGRGGAGG
  • V-Fwd (SEQ ID NO: 4): CTAGTGCGGCCGCTGAGGAGACGGTGACCTGGGT
  • the PCR reaction program of the first and second rounds was as follows: pre-denaturation at 94°C for 6 min, followed by denaturation at 94°C for 30s, annealing at 55°C for 30s, extension at 72°C for 30s, a total of 30 cycles, and finally extension at 72°C for 10 min.
  • VHH coding fragment amplified by nested PCR was digested with PstI/NotI endonuclease, and inserted into the phagemid vector pMECS (NTCC plasmid vector strain cell gene collection center, product catalog No.pMECS), and constructed into a recombinant vector, and electroporated into Escherichia coli TG1 (Lucigen, product catalog No. 60502-1).
  • pMECS NTCC plasmid vector strain cell gene collection center, product catalog No.pMECS
  • the rest of the bacterial solution was coated on a selective plate containing 100 ⁇ g/ml ampicillin, and the bacterial lawn of the colony was scraped from the plate, supplemented with glycerol, and frozen at -80 °C as the library stock.
  • the VHH library stock was amplified to logarithmic growth phase, M13KO7 helper phage (New England Biolabs, catalog No. N0315S) was added for library amplification, and the library was shaken at 28°C and 200 rpm overnight.
  • the single-domain antibody phage display library was panned by solid-phase panning.
  • Recombinant BCMA-Avitage TM (ACRO, product catalogue No. BCA-H82E4) was immobilized on a high-adsorption ELISA plate, and after blocking, the phage obtained in 1.4 was added to the well plate and incubated at 37°C for 1-2h.
  • Non-specifically bound phages were removed by washing with phosphate Tween buffered saline (PBST) 10 times. After washing with PBS, bound phages were eluted with trypsin enzyme and 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulfonyl fluoride.
  • the positive clones that only bind to human BCMA-His and have a relatively high signal value were selected for conservation and sequencing.
  • the positive clones 1A1, 1A10, 1A11 and 1B10 were obtained by screening.
  • the VHH nucleotide sequence of 1A1 is SEQ ID NO:20, and the amino acid sequence is SEQ ID NO:19;
  • the VHH nucleotide sequence of 1A10 is SEQ ID NO:22, and the amino acid sequence is SEQ ID NO:22.
  • VHH nucleotide sequence of 1A11 is SEQ ID NO:24, and the amino acid sequence is SEQ ID NO:23
  • VHH nucleotide sequence of 1B10 is SEQ ID NO:26, and the amino acid sequence is SEQ ID NO:26 NO: 25.
  • VHH -Fc chimeric antibodies were constructed by linking the VHH sequences of the screened positive clones with the human Fc region. Specifically, the VHH sequence obtained by sequencing in 2.2 or the anti-human BCMA VHH control antibody (BM) sequence (the amino acid sequence is the same as SEQ ID NO: 125 in CN109153731A) was inserted into a human IgG1 constant region (the amino acid sequence is SEQ ID NO: 125) These VHH -Fc chimeric antibodies ( BM -Fc is the control).
  • BM anti-human BCMA VHH control antibody
  • VH H-Fc chimeric antibody to human BCMA protein was detected by indirect ELISA method against human BCMA-His protein (see 3.2 for the method), and surface plasmon resonance technology was used to detect Binding of antibodies to human TACI and BAFFR proteins (see 3.3 for methods). It was detected that 1A1-Fc, 1A10-Fc, 1A11-Fc, and 1B10-Fc could specifically bind to BCMA-His protein, but not to human TACI and BAFFR proteins.
  • the full-length amino acid sequence of 1A1-Fc is such as SEQ ID NO: 27, and the nucleotide sequence is such as SEQ ID NO: 28; the full-length amino acid sequence of 1A10-Fc is such as SEQ ID NO: 29, and the nucleotide sequence is such as SEQ ID NO:30;
  • the full-length amino acid sequence of 1A11-Fc is as SEQ ID NO:31, and the nucleotide sequence is as SEQ ID NO:32;
  • the full-length amino acid sequence of 1B10-Fc is as SEQ ID NO:33, and the nucleotide sequence is as SEQ ID NO:33.
  • the sequence is as SEQ ID NO:34.
  • Affinity detection of anti-human BCMA VH H -Fc chimeric antibodies was performed using a Biomolecular Interaction Analysis System (GE, Biacore T200). Amino-conjugated Anti-hIgG(Fc) Antibody (GE, Catalog No. BR-1008-39) to a CM5 sensor chip using running buffer (137 mM NaCl, 2.7 mM KCl, 10 mM Na 2 HPO 4 ⁇ 12H 2 O , 1.8 mM KH 2 PO 4 , 0.05% surfactant P-20 (w/v), pH 7.4) diluted anti-human BCMA VH H -Fc chimeric antibody to 1 ⁇ g/ml, 30 ⁇ l/min flow rate was captured through the experimental channel.
  • GE Biomolecular Interaction Analysis System
  • the software BiaControl Software 2.0 collects data signals in real time, the software BiaEvaluation Software 2.0 analyzes the data, uses the Langmuir 1:1 model to fit, calculates the association rate constant Ka (1/Ms), the dissociation rate constant Kd (1/s), and the equilibrium constant KD (M) value.
  • Ka (1/Ms the association rate constant
  • Kd the dissociation rate constant
  • M the equilibrium constant KD
  • AKD001A is a stable cell line with high expression of BCMA
  • U266 cells Basic Medicine Cell Center, Institute of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, product catalog No.3111C0001CCC000684
  • PRMI8226 cells China Basic Medical Cell Center, Institute of Basic Medicine, Academy of Medical Sciences, Product Catalog No. 3111C0001CCC000083
  • HUVEC cells ScienCell Research Laboratories, Product Catalog No.
  • AKD001A 8000 are people who do not express BCMA Umbilical vein endothelial cell line. Incubate 2 ⁇ 10 5 target cells with anti-human BCMA VH H -Fc chimeric antibody at serial dilution (initial concentration 126nM, 5-fold serial dilution, 6 concentrations), incubate on ice for 1 hour, wash cells, add PE-labeled Anti-human IgG Fc antibody (Jackson Immuno Research, catalog No. 109-116-170) was incubated on ice for 0.5 hours, and cells were washed and detected by flow cytometry (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Attune NXT).
  • 1A1-Fc, 1A10-Fc, 1A11-Fc and 1B10-Fc can effectively target and bind to CHO-hBCMA cells with high BCMA expression levels and U266 cells with intermediate BCMA expression levels , and the RPMI8226 cells with a low level of BCMA expression also had significant binding, and 1A10-Fc and 1A11-Fc had better binding to U266 cells than BM-Fc.
  • 1A10-Fc and 1A11-Fc did not bind to HUVEC cells that did not express BCMA, but 1A1-Fc and 1B10-Fc bound to HUVEC cells that did not express BCMA.
  • Cynomolgus monkey BCMA full-length (SEQ ID NO: 6) gene was synthesized in vitro and inserted into the pCDNA3.1 eukaryotic expression vector.
  • the 1A10-Fc, 1A11-Fc and BM-Fc antibodies were serially diluted (initial concentration 126nM, 5-fold serial dilution, 5 concentrations, the sample dilution was the negative control group), and incubated with 2 ⁇ 10 5 transiently transgenic crabs respectively.
  • Monkey BCMA and untransfected HEK293T cells incubated on ice for 1 hour, washed the cells, added PE-labeled anti-human IgG Fc antibody (Jackson Immuno Research, product catalog No. 109-116-170), incubated on ice for 0.5 hours, Cells were washed and detected using a flow cytometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Attune NXT).
  • Figure 3A uses HEK293T cells transiently transfected with cynomolgus monkey BCMA (HEK293T-CynoBCMA)
  • Figure 3B uses HEK293T cells that were not transfected with cynomolgus monkey BCMA
  • Table 4 shows the binding of Fc chimeric antibodies to HEK293T cells transiently transfected with cynomolgus monkey BCMA EC50 value and maximum binding MFI value (Bmax). The results showed that 1A10-Fc and 1A11-Fc bound to cynomolgus monkey BCMA in cells, but BM-Fc antibody did not bind to cynomolgus monkey BCMA.
  • the anti-human BCMA VH H -Fc chimeric antibodies 1A10-Fc and 1A11-Fc of serial dilution were respectively mixed with 100ng/ml biotin-conjugated recombinant BCMA-His
  • the protein ACRO, catalogue No.BCA-H522y
  • ACRO catalogue No.APL-H5244
  • FIG. 5A the positions where the amino acid sequences of the extracellular domain of human BCMA differ from those of the extracellular domain of cynomolgus monkey BCMA are Gly6, Ala20, Ile22, Asn31, Val45 and Thr52.
  • Clones 1A10 and 1A11 cross-react with cynomolgus monkey BCMA protein, so it is speculated that the possible epitopes of these two clones are located at Gln7 ⁇ His19, and/or Pro23 ⁇ Ser30, and/or Asn31 ⁇ Ser44, and/or Thr46 ⁇ Gly51 .
  • Figure 5B shows the structure of the extracellular domain of human BCMA in the PDB database (PDB number: 2kn1).
  • the extracellular region of human BCMA contains three pairs of disulfide bonds, Cys8-Cys21, Cys24-Cys37 and Cys28-Cys41; human BCMA and APRIL are mainly bound to the ⁇ -hairpin structure (Bossen, C. et al. Semin. Immunol. 2006, 18(5): 263-275), it is speculated that the main binding sites of clones 1A10-Fc and 1A11-Fc are between Gln7 ⁇ His19, and/or Pro23 ⁇ Ser30 between, and/or between Asn31 ⁇ Ser44.
  • the human BCMA VH H -Fc chimeric antibody was diluted to 2 ⁇ g/ml, coated in a high-adsorption microtiter plate and blocked after washing; 20 ⁇ g/ml of the human BCMA VH H -Fc chimeric antibody was mixed with biotin
  • the conjugated BCMA-His protein (ACRO, product catalog No. BCA-H522y) was incubated at room temperature for 0.5 hours to obtain the antigen-antibody mixture.
  • the incubated antibody-antigen mixture or only biotin-conjugated BCMA- His protein (control group) was added to the well plate at 100 ⁇ l/well and incubated at 37°C for 1 hour; the unbound biotin-conjugated BCMA-His protein was washed away, and HRP-conjugated streptavidin (eBioscience, product catalog No. .18-4100-51), wash the plate 5 times for color development. Detect the light absorption signal value at 450nm wavelength and 650nm reference wavelength.
  • blocking rate (signal value of control group ⁇ signal value of sample group)/signal value of control group ⁇ 100%
  • the blocking rate of one antibody to the binding signal of another antibody to BCMA-Bio was calculated.
  • the results are shown in Table 6.
  • the diagonal position of " ⁇ " in the chessboard (marked in gray) is a positive control group with antibody self-competition, and the blocking rate is above 99%.
  • the blocking rate of 1A10-Fc to the binding of 1A11-Fc to human BCMA (32.6%) was less than 50%, and the blocking rate of 1A11-Fc to the binding of 1A10-Fc to human BCMA (21.6%) was also less than 50%, indicating that 1A10 -There is no obvious competitive relationship between Fc and 1A11-Fc, indicating that 1A10-Fc and 1A11-Fc can simultaneously bind to different epitopes of BCMA protein.
  • Epitope competition analysis was performed using the Biomolecular Interaction Analysis System (GE, Biacore T200). Amino-conjugated Anti-His Antibody (GE, Catalog No. 28995056) was applied to the CM5 sensor chip, and BCMA-His protein (ACRO, Catalog No. BCA-H522y) was diluted with running buffer to about 1 ⁇ g/ml, 30 ⁇ l/ The min flow rate was captured through the experimental channel, and the capture signal was controlled at 180RU-190RU by adjusting the binding time.
  • GE Biomolecular Interaction Analysis System
  • the signal value of 1A10-Fc antibody reaching saturation after binding to BCMA is 472.5RU; at this time, 1A11-Fc is injected again, and the saturation signal value is 579.0RU, which is the same as the saturation signal value of single injection of 1A11-Fc.
  • the signal value is 653.1RU equivalent.
  • the target cells were U266 cells.
  • incubate 2 ⁇ 10 5 target cells incubate on ice for 1 hour, wash the cells, add PE-labeled anti-human IgG Fc antibody (Jackson Immuno Research, product catalog No. 109-116-170), and incubate on ice for 0.5 hours , cells were washed and detected using a flow cytometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Attune NXT).

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