WO2022037175A1 - 一种船用5Ni钢埋弧焊接方法 - Google Patents

一种船用5Ni钢埋弧焊接方法 Download PDF

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WO2022037175A1
WO2022037175A1 PCT/CN2021/097059 CN2021097059W WO2022037175A1 WO 2022037175 A1 WO2022037175 A1 WO 2022037175A1 CN 2021097059 W CN2021097059 W CN 2021097059W WO 2022037175 A1 WO2022037175 A1 WO 2022037175A1
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Prior art keywords
welding
submerged arc
marine
steel
arc welding
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PCT/CN2021/097059
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘朝霞
罗元东
许晓红
白云
刘俊
孟羽
周永浩
武金明
陈翀
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江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司
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Priority to CA3189684A priority Critical patent/CA3189684A1/en
Priority to KR1020237009105A priority patent/KR20230048558A/ko
Priority to JP2023512130A priority patent/JP7482319B2/ja
Priority to EP21857276.6A priority patent/EP4180164A4/en
Publication of WO2022037175A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022037175A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3033—Ni as the principal constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K33/00—Specially-profiled edge portions of workpieces for making soldering or welding connections; Filling the seams formed thereby
    • B23K33/004—Filling of continuous seams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
    • B23K35/0261—Rods, electrodes, wires
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3033—Ni as the principal constituent
    • B23K35/304—Ni as the principal constituent with Cr as the next major constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/18—Submerged-arc welding
    • B23K9/186—Submerged-arc welding making use of a consumable electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/32—Accessories
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
    • C22C19/056—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 10% but less than 20%
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
    • B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a welding method of high Ni steel, in particular to a welding method of marine 5Ni steel.
  • liquefied petroleum gas ships liquefied ethylene ships and propane ships obtained by petroleum cracking and liquefaction are usually constructed of 5Ni steel with high strength, good low temperature toughness, high elongation and low remanence.
  • the Ni content of 5Ni steel is between 4.7% and 5.3%. Due to the high Ni content of 5Ni steel, it not only brings a series of difficulties to the production of steel, but also brings application problems to subsequent manufacturers in welding and forming.
  • a few domestic steel companies have successfully developed marine 5Ni steel that successfully meets the requirements of classification societies, and are slowly starting to put them on the market.
  • welding especially in submerged arc welding, there are still low temperature toughness and unstable cold bending performance after welding, which makes it difficult to meet the requirements of classification societies for weldability tests.
  • Chinese patent CN10852661A discloses a nickel-based solid wire gas shielded welding method to realize gas shielded welding of 5Ni steel and 9Ni steel, but only 9Ni steel welding has been described in the document with an example, as for 5Ni steel, this method is used How the welding effect is, there is no specific description. Solving the problem of poor weldability of 5Ni steel is an important part of the development of the shipping industry.
  • the present invention selects suitable 5Ni steel plates, matches the matching welding consumables and the corresponding submerged arc butt welding process, and conducts a series of weldability mechanical performance tests. Sex test requirements.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a submerged arc welding process of marine 5Ni steel, which does not require preheating before welding and does not require heat treatment after welding, as follows
  • the submerged arc welding groove of the splicing material adopts K-type groove, the groove angle is 45°, and the blunt edge is 5mm;
  • welding parameters welding current is 410 ⁇ 10A, welding voltage is 32 ⁇ 1V, welding speed is 27 ⁇ 2cm/min, and welding line energy is 30 ⁇ 3KJ/cm. Weld until the weld is filled, and clean the weld bead with a wire brush after each pass; the flux baking system is 350°C ⁇ 1h; the interlayer temperature is controlled at ⁇ 80°C.
  • the welding method of the present application is suitable for the splicing material with a thickness of 40 mm to 50 mm.
  • the chemical composition and mass percentage of the welding wire used for welding are: C: ⁇ 0.03%, Si: 0.10-0.40%, Mn: 0.2-1.0%, P: ⁇ 0.020%, S: ⁇ 0.030%, Cr: 14 to 18%, Ni: 53 to 60%, W: 3.0 to 4.5%, Fe: 4.0 to 7.0%, Mo: 15.0 to 17.0%, and the remainder are unavoidable impurity elements.
  • the toughness value is stable, of which the weld ⁇ 70J, the fusion line ⁇ 60J, HAZ ⁇ 100J, and the base metal ⁇ 180J, which meets the weldability certification and production requirements of the classification society, which is significantly higher than the -110 °C required by the classification society
  • the ultra-low temperature transverse impact toughness value is ⁇ 27J.
  • microstructure of the weld zone of the welded joint of the two spliced base metals obtained by the above-mentioned marine 5Ni steel submerged arc welding method is austenite structure, and the structure of the heat-affected zone is lower bainite structure, wherein the lower bainite structure has fine lamellae , thereby possessing good extremely low temperature toughness.
  • Submerged arc welding has reached a high level of impact absorption energy values such as tensile strength of welded joints, welds of welded joints, fusion lines, and heat-affected zones.
  • the welded joints have excellent low-temperature impact toughness and cold bending properties.
  • the HAZ structure of the heat-affected zone of the welded joint of the present invention is mainly lower bainite structure, the bainite lamella is small, and the welding metal is mainly austenite structure, so that the weld has excellent strength and extremely low temperature toughness performance and Cold bending properties.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the welding pass of the 50mm+50mm submerged arc welding of the spliced base metal combination.
  • FIG. 2 shows the weld structure of the welded joint in Example 1 of the present invention, which is an austenite structure.
  • Example 3 shows the fusion line structure of the welded joint in Example 1 of the present invention, one side is austenite structure, the other side is lower bainite structure, and the bainite lamellae are fine.
  • Example 4 shows the structure of the HAZ area of the welded joint 3 mm from the fusion line in Example 1 of the present invention, which is a lower bainite structure with fine lamellae, and the initial austenite structure is smaller than the initial austenite structure in FIG. 3 .
  • Base material Marine 5Ni steel with tensile strength of 653MPa, transverse impact toughness value at -130°C extremely low temperature ⁇ 180J, thick plate combination 50mm+50mm.
  • the size of each test plate for butt welding is 1300mm ⁇ 300mm ⁇ 50mm, and the submerged arc welding groove adopts K-type groove, the groove angle is 45°, and the blunt edge is 5mm;
  • Welding wire Its chemical composition and mass percentage are: C: 0.02%, Si: 0.15%, Mn: 0.4%, P: 0.015%, S: 0.01%, Cr: 16.4%, Ni: 57%, W: 3.5% , Fe: 5.50%, Mo: 16.0%, and the remainder is inevitable impurity elements.
  • the wire diameter is And matched with sintered flux INCOFLUX 9 for welding, the mechanical properties of the deposited metal are: yield strength Rp 0.2 : 407MPa, tensile strength Rm: 665MPa, elongation A: 42.0%, Z-direction shrinkage: 38%, -110 °C AKv shock absorption energy value: 92J, 89J, 77J.
  • the welding process parameters are: welding current 410 ⁇ 10A, welding voltage 32 ⁇ 1V, welding speed 27 ⁇ 2cm/min, welding line energy 30KJ/cm; flux baking system is 350°C ⁇ 1h; interlayer temperature is controlled at 50- 70°C. See Figure 1 for the welding pass.
  • Base material marine 5Ni steel with tensile strength of 639MPa, thick plate combination of 40mm+40mm.
  • the size of each test plate for butt welding is 1300mm ⁇ 300mm ⁇ 40mm, and the submerged arc welding groove adopts K-type groove, the groove angle is 45°, and the blunt edge is 5mm;
  • Welding wire its chemical composition and mass percentage are: C: 0.02%, Si: 0.20%, Mn: 0.45%, P: 0.013%, S: 0.01%, Cr: 16.8%, Ni: 58%, W: 3.3% , Fe: 5.80%, Mo: 16.5%, and the remainder is an unavoidable impurity element.
  • the wire diameter is And matched with sintered flux INCOFLUX 9 for welding, the mechanical properties of the deposited metal are: yield strength Rp 0.2 : 513MPa, tensile strength Rm: 660MPa, elongation A: 32.0%, Z-direction shrinkage: 51%, -110 °C AKv shock absorption energy value: 93J, 109J, 84J.
  • the welding process parameters are: welding current 410 ⁇ 10A, welding voltage 32 ⁇ 1V, welding speed 27 ⁇ 2cm/min, welding line energy 30KJ/cm; flux baking system is 350°C ⁇ 1h; interlayer temperature is controlled at 50- 70°C.
  • the marine 5Ni steel welded by the above welding method has been tested on the mechanical properties of the welded joints, and the results of the tensile test, impact test and cold bending test are shown in Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3, respectively.
  • the tensile strength of the welded joint of the steel plate is between 620 and 660MPa
  • the positive and negative cold bending at 180 °C is qualified
  • the weld seam, fusion line, and HAZ zone are extremely low temperature transverse impact at -130 °C
  • the toughness value is stable and fully meets the weldability certification and production requirements of the classification society.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
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  • Metallurgy (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种船用5Ni钢埋弧焊接方法，(1)以抗拉强度为630～670MPa的船用5Ni钢作为拼接母材；匹配的焊接材料：焊接材料抗拉强度630～710MPa，焊丝直径为φ2.4mm以上，牌号为INCO-WELD Filler Metal C-276，焊剂为INCOFLUX 9；(2)拼接材料的埋弧焊接坡口采用K型坡口；(3)焊接参数：焊接电流410±10A、焊接电压为32±1V、焊接速度为27±2cm/min、焊接线能量30±3KJ/cm，连续对相同板厚的拼接母材的对接接头施焊，直至焊缝填满为止，并在每道次焊接后采用钢丝刷清理焊道；焊剂烘烤制度为350℃×1h；层间温度控制在≤80℃。埋弧焊对焊接接头抗拉强度、焊接接头焊缝、熔合线、热影响区等冲击吸收能量值均达到较高水平，焊接接头具有优良的低温冲击韧性及冷弯性能。

Description

一种船用5Ni钢埋弧焊接方法 技术领域
本发明涉及高Ni钢的焊接方法，尤其涉及船用5Ni钢的焊接方法。
背景技术
随着石油化学工业的发展，液化石油气船、以及经石油裂化、液化得到的液化乙烯船、丙烷船通常采用强度高、低温韧性好、延伸率高、剩磁低的5Ni钢建造。通常5Ni钢Ni含量介于4.7～5.3％之间，由于5Ni钢的Ni含量高，不仅给钢材生产制造带来一系列难题，也给后续厂家焊接、成型带来使用问题。国内已有少数几家钢企开发成功满足船级社规范要求的船用5Ni钢，也在慢慢开始投放市场。但是在焊接方面，特别是埋弧焊接方面仍存在低温韧性、以及焊接后冷弯性能不稳定，难以满足船级社可焊性试验要求。
经检索，中国专利CN10852661A公开了一种镍基实心焊丝气体保护焊接方法实现了5Ni钢、9Ni钢气体保护焊，但是文献中仅对9Ni钢焊接进行了具实施例说明，至于5Ni钢用该方法焊接效果如何，没有具体说明。解决5Ni钢可焊性差的难题，是船业的发展中重要的一环。
发明内容
本发明选择合适的5Ni钢板，配套焊材以及相应的埋弧对接焊工艺匹配，并进行系列的可焊性力学性能测试，结果表明，本发明船用5Ni钢埋弧焊接完全满足船级社可焊性试验要求。
具体地，本发明目的在于提供一种船用5Ni钢的埋弧焊接工艺，该工艺焊接前不预热、焊后无需热处理，具体如下
(1)以抗拉强度为630～670MPa的船用5Ni钢作为拼接母材；匹配的焊接材料：焊接材料抗拉强度630～710MPa，焊丝直径为φ2.4mm以上，牌号为INCO-WELD Filler Metal C-276，焊剂为INCOFLUX 9；
(2)拼接材料的埋弧焊接坡口采用K型坡口，坡口角度为45°，钝边为5mm；
(3)焊接参数：焊接电流410±10A、焊接电压为32±1V、焊接速度为27±2cm/min、焊接线能量30±3KJ/cm，连续对相同板厚的拼接母材的对接接头施焊，直至焊缝填满为止，并在每道次焊接后采用钢丝刷清理焊道；焊剂烘烤制度为350℃×1h；层间温度控制在≤80℃。
优选地，本申请焊接方法适用于40mm～50mm厚的所述拼接材料。
本申请关键在于，焊接所采用的焊丝化学组分及质量百分比为，C：≤0.03％，Si：0.10～0.40％，Mn：0.2～1.0％，P：≤0.020％，S：≤0.030％，Cr：14～18％，Ni：53～60％，W：3.0～4.5％，Fe：4.0～7.0％，Mo：15.0～17.0％，余量为不可避免的杂质元素。
通过上述船用5Ni钢埋弧焊接方法获得的两拼接母材的焊接接头经试验焊缝超声波探伤结果达到GB/T 11345-1989标准规定的要求I级要求。
通过上述船用5Ni钢埋弧焊接方法获得的两拼接母材的焊接接头的抗拉强度介于620～660MPa，弯心直径D＝4a，180℃正反冷弯合格，-130℃极低温横向冲击韧性值稳定，其中焊缝处≥70J，熔合线≥60J，HAZ≥100J，母材≥180J，满足船级社可焊性认证及生产要求，即显著高于船级社规范要求的-110℃的极低温横向冲击韧性值≥27J。
通过上述船用5Ni钢埋弧焊接方法获得的两拼接母材的焊接接头的焊缝区组织为奥氏体组织，热影响区组织为下贝氏体组织，其中，下贝氏体组织片层细小，由此具备良好的极低温韧性。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：
(1)满足了液化石油气船、液化乙烯船等船用5Ni钢关键埋弧焊接工艺制造技术。埋弧焊对焊接接头抗拉强度、焊接接头焊缝、熔合线、热影响区等冲击吸收能量值均达到较高水平，焊接接头具有优良的低温冲击韧性及冷弯性能。
(2)本发明焊接接头热影响区HAZ组织主要为下贝氏体组织，贝氏体片层细小，焊接金属主要为奥氏体组织，从而使焊缝具有优良的强度及极低温韧性性能及冷弯性能。
(3)实现了船用5Ni钢对接接头厚板结构制造过程中焊前不预热、焊后不进行热处理的焊接工艺，采用多层多道连续施焊工艺时焊接接头具有优良的综合力学性能；焊接操作简便、高效、节能，适用于液化石油气船、液化乙烯船、液化丙烷船等船用5Ni钢制造及推广应用。
附图说明
图1为拼接母材组合50mm+50mm埋弧焊焊接道次示意图。
图2是本发明实施例1焊接接头的焊缝组织，为奥氏体组织。
图3是本发明实施例1焊接接头熔合线组织，一侧为奥氏体组织，另一侧为下贝氏体组织，贝氏体片层细小。
图4是本发明实施例1焊接接头距熔合线3mm的HAZ区组织，为下贝氏体组织，片层细小，初始奥氏体相比于图3中的初始奥氏体组织更加细小。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述，所述实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
实施例1：
母材：抗拉强度为653MPa的船用5Ni钢，-130℃极低温横向冲击韧性值≥180J，厚板组合50mm+50mm。对接焊每块试板尺寸为1300mm×300mm×50mm，埋弧焊坡口采用K型坡口，坡口角度为45°，钝边为5mm；
焊接材料匹配：
焊丝：其化学组分及质量百分比为：C：0.02％，Si：0.15％，Mn：0.4％，P：0.015％，S：0.01％，Cr：16.4％，Ni：57％，W：3.5％，Fe:5.50％，Mo：16.0％，余量为不可避免的杂质元素。
焊丝直径为
Figure PCTCN2021097059-appb-000001
并与烧结焊剂INCOFLUX 9匹配进行焊接，熔敷金属的力学性能为：屈服强度Rp 0.2：407MPa，抗拉强度Rm：665MPa，延伸率A：42.0％，Z向断面收缩率：38％，-110℃AKv冲击吸收能量值：92J、89J、77J。
焊接工艺参数为：焊接电流410±10A、焊接电压32±1V、焊接速度为27±2cm/min、焊接线能量30KJ/cm；焊剂烘烤制度为350℃×1h；层间温度控制在50-70℃。焊接道次参见图1。
实施例2：
母材：抗拉强度为639MPa的船用5Ni钢，厚板组合40mm+40mm。对接焊每块试板尺寸为1300mm×300mm×40mm，埋弧焊坡口采用K型坡口，坡口角度为45°，钝边为5mm；
焊接材料匹配：
焊丝：其化学组分及质量百分比为：C：0.02％，Si：0.20％，Mn：0.45％，P：0.013％，S：0.01％，Cr：16.8％，Ni：58％，W：3.3％，Fe:5.80％，Mo：16.5％，余量为不可避免的杂质元素。
焊丝直径为
Figure PCTCN2021097059-appb-000002
并与烧结焊剂INCOFLUX 9匹配进行焊接，熔敷金属的力学性能为：屈服强度Rp 0.2：513MPa，抗拉强度Rm：660MPa，延伸率A：32.0％，Z向断面收缩率：51％，-110℃AKv冲击吸收能量值：93J、109J、84J。
焊接工艺参数为：焊接电流410±10A、焊接电压32±1V、焊接速度为27±2cm/min、焊接线能量30KJ/cm；焊剂烘烤制度为350℃×1h；层间温度控制在50-70℃。
采用上述焊接方法焊接的船用5Ni钢板焊接接头经试验焊缝超声波探伤结果达到GB/T 11345-1989标准规定的要求I级要求。
采用上述焊接方法焊接的船用5Ni钢，经对焊接接头力学性能检测，拉伸试验、冲击试验及冷弯试验结果分别见表1、表2、表3。从实施例性能来看，钢板焊接接头的抗拉强度介于620～660MPa，弯心直径D＝4a，180℃正反冷弯合格，焊缝、熔合线、HAZ区-130℃极低温横向冲击韧性值稳定，完全满足船级社可焊性认证及生产要求。
表1 对接接头拉伸试验结果
Figure PCTCN2021097059-appb-000003
表2 对接接头弯曲试验结果
Figure PCTCN2021097059-appb-000004
表3 焊接接头冲击试验结果
Figure PCTCN2021097059-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2021097059-appb-000006
注：“/”后数值为该组平均值。
表明焊接热影响区具有极低的低温韧性。
尽管以上详细地描述了本发明的优选实施例，但是应该清楚地理解，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种船用5Ni钢埋弧焊接方法，其特征在于：
    (1)以抗拉强度为630～670MPa的船用5Ni钢作为拼接母材，拼接母材的-130℃横向冲击韧性值≥180J；匹配的焊接材料：焊接材料抗拉强度630～710MPa，焊丝直径为φ2.4mm以上，牌号为INCO-WELD Filler Metal C-276，焊剂为INCOFLUX 9；
    (2)拼接材料的埋弧焊接坡口采用K型坡口；
    (3)焊接参数：焊接电流410±10A、焊接电压为32±1V、焊接速度为27±2cm/min、焊接线能量30±3KJ/cm，连续对相同板厚的拼接母材的对接接头施焊，直至焊缝填满为止，并在每道次焊接后采用钢丝刷清理焊道；焊剂烘烤制度为350℃×1h；层间温度控制在≤80℃。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的船用5Ni钢埋弧焊接方法，其特征在于：所述拼接材料的厚度为40mm～50mm。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的船用5Ni钢埋弧焊接方法，其特征在于：所述K型坡口的坡口角度为45°，钝边为5mm。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的船用5Ni钢埋弧焊接方法，其特征在于：所述焊丝的化学组分及质量百分比为，C：≤0.03％，Si：0.10～0.40％，Mn：0.2～1.0％，P：≤0.020％，S：≤0.030％，Cr：14～18％，Ni：53～60％，W：3.0～4.5％，Fe：4.0～7.0％，Mo：15.0～17.0％，余量为不可避免的杂质元素。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的船用5Ni钢埋弧焊接方法，其特征在于：两拼接母材的焊接接头经试验焊缝超声波探伤结果达到GB/T 11345-1989标准规定的要求I级要求。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的船用5Ni钢埋弧焊接方法，其特征在于：两拼接母材的焊接接头的抗拉强度介于620～660MPa，弯心直径D＝4a，180℃正反冷弯合格，-130℃极低温横向冲击韧性值稳定：焊缝处的横向冲击韧性值≥70J、熔合线的横向冲击韧性值≥60J、HAZ的横向冲击韧性值≥100J、母材的横向冲击韧性值≥180J，满足船级社可焊性认证及生产要求。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的船用5Ni钢埋弧焊接方法，其特征在于：两拼接母材的焊接接头的焊缝区组织为奥氏体组织，热影响区组织为下贝氏体组织，其中，下贝氏体组织片层细小，由此具备良好的极低温韧性。
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