WO2022036516A1 - 管道机器人 - Google Patents

管道机器人 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022036516A1
WO2022036516A1 PCT/CN2020/109576 CN2020109576W WO2022036516A1 WO 2022036516 A1 WO2022036516 A1 WO 2022036516A1 CN 2020109576 W CN2020109576 W CN 2020109576W WO 2022036516 A1 WO2022036516 A1 WO 2022036516A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
elastic
telescopic arm
hinged
pipe
scissor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/109576
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李鹏
徐恩志
杨陶
申延涛
Original Assignee
哈尔滨工业大学（深圳）
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） filed Critical 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳）
Priority to CN202080001663.9A priority Critical patent/CN112204294B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2020/109576 priority patent/WO2022036516A1/zh
Publication of WO2022036516A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022036516A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/26—Pigs or moles, i.e. devices movable in a pipe or conduit with or without self-contained propulsion means
    • F16L55/28—Constructional aspects
    • F16L55/30—Constructional aspects of the propulsion means, e.g. towed by cables
    • F16L55/32—Constructional aspects of the propulsion means, e.g. towed by cables being self-contained
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/26—Pigs or moles, i.e. devices movable in a pipe or conduit with or without self-contained propulsion means
    • F16L55/28—Constructional aspects
    • F16L55/40—Constructional aspects of the body
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L2101/00—Uses or applications of pigs or moles
    • F16L2101/30—Inspecting, measuring or testing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of industrial machinery, in particular to a pipeline robot.
  • Pipes are widely used in various fields as an effective means of material conveying.
  • the pipeline robot that can move and detect in the pipeline emerges as the times require.
  • the pipeline robot needs to be specially designed according to the pipe diameter of different pipes.
  • the pipe diameter varies widely, for example, when the maximum pipe diameter is twice the minimum pipe diameter, the existing pipeline robot will The inability to adapt to the minimum pipe diameter and the maximum pipe diameter at the same time results in the inability of the pipeline robot to move in pipes with large changes in pipe diameters.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a pipeline robot, which aims to solve the technical problem that the pipeline robot in the prior art cannot move in a pipeline with a large change in the diameter of the pipeline.
  • the technical scheme provided by the present invention is:
  • a pipeline robot includes a moving mechanism, a telescopic arm and an elastic mechanism, the telescopic arm is arranged on the elastic mechanism, the moving mechanism is arranged on the end of the telescopic arm away from the elastic mechanism, the moving mechanism It can move along the inner wall of the pipeline to drive the telescopic arm and the elastic mechanism to move along the pipeline.
  • the moving mechanism moves to a position where the diameter of the pipeline is smaller, the telescopic arm is used to move on the inner wall of the pipeline.
  • the telescopic arm When the moving mechanism moves to a position with a larger diameter of the pipeline, the telescopic arm is also used for The elastic mechanism stretches under the action of its own elastic restoring force, so that the moving mechanism passes through the position where the pipe diameter is larger, and the elastic mechanism is used to provide the power to stretch the telescopic arm.
  • the elastic mechanism includes an elastic component and a support component, the elastic component is arranged on the support component, the telescopic arm and the end of the elastic component away from the support component are hinged to each other, the elastic component It is used to extend the telescopic arm under the action of its own elastic restoring force, and the support assembly is used to support the telescopic arm to extend and retract.
  • the elastic component includes a first elastic element and a second elastic element
  • the first elastic element is used for extending the telescopic arm in a first direction under the action of its own elastic restoring force
  • the second elastic element The elastic element is used for extending the telescopic arm in the second direction under the action of its own elastic restoring force.
  • the first elastic element includes a first connecting piece, a first guide piece and a first elastic piece, the first guide piece and the support assembly are hinged to each other, and the first guide piece is away from the support
  • One end of the assembly has a first guide groove
  • the first elastic member is arranged in the first guide groove
  • one end of the first connecting member is arranged in the first guide groove and abuts against the first elastic member
  • the telescopic arm and the end of the first connecting piece away from the first elastic piece are hinged to each other, wherein the first elastic piece makes the first connecting piece move along the The first guide groove moves toward the inner wall of the pipe, so that the first connecting piece drives the telescopic arm to extend in a first direction
  • the second elastic element includes a second connecting piece, a second guide piece and a second an elastic member, the second guide member and the support assembly are hinged to each other, the end of the second guide member away from the support assembly has a second guide groove, and the second elastic member is arranged in the second guide groove Inside, one
  • the telescopic arm and the support assembly are hinged to each other, so as to constrain one end of the first connecting rod in the first guide groove, and one end of the second connecting rod in the second connecting rod. in the guide groove.
  • the elastic mechanism further includes a first limit component, and the first limit component is used to limit the rotation of the telescopic arm relative to the support component.
  • the telescopic arm includes a plurality of scissor-type units, and in two adjacent scissor-type units, one end of one scissor-type unit and one end of the other scissor-type unit are hinged to each other, so In the telescopic arm, a scissor-type unit close to the elastic mechanism and the elastic mechanism are hinged with each other, and a scissors-type unit away from the elastic mechanism and the moving mechanism are hinged with each other.
  • the telescopic arm further includes a first half-scissor unit, one end of the first half-scissor unit is hinged with one of the scissor units away from the elastic mechanism, and the other end is connected to the The moving mechanisms are hinged to each other.
  • the telescopic arm further includes a second half-scissor unit, one end of the second half-scissor unit is hinged with one of the scissor units close to the elastic mechanism, and the other end is hinged with the The elastic mechanisms are hinged to each other.
  • the moving mechanism includes a vehicle body, a wheel and a motor assembly disposed on the vehicle body, the wheel and the motor assembly are drive-connected, and the motor assembly is used to drive the wheel to rotate and steer.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the moving mechanism drives the telescopic arm and the elastic mechanism to move along the pipeline.
  • the inner wall of the pipe squeezes the moving mechanism, and the moving mechanism squeezes the telescopic arm to shrink the telescopic arm, thereby It enables the pipe robot to move in the position where the pipe diameter is small.
  • the telescopic arm stretches under the action of the elastic mechanism, so that the telescopic arm drives the moving mechanism to move toward the inner wall of the pipe until the moving mechanism and the inner wall of the pipe contact, so that the pipe robot can Move in the position where the pipe diameter is larger.
  • the pipeline robot can move in the pipeline with a large change in the diameter of the pipeline, thereby improving the applicability of the pipeline robot.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pipeline robot according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an elastic mechanism of an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded view of an elastic assembly of an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is an assembly diagram of a telescopic arm and a support mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5 is an assembly diagram of a first limiting component and a supporting component according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 6 is an assembly diagram of a telescopic arm and a support mechanism according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a telescopic boom according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a scissor unit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a first half-scissor unit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a second half-scissor unit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a pipeline robot according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a moving mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • this embodiment provides a pipeline robot 10 , which includes a moving mechanism 1 , a telescopic arm 2 and an elastic mechanism 3 .
  • the telescopic arm 2 is provided on the elastic mechanism 3
  • the moving mechanism 1 is provided on the telescopic arm 2 away from the elastic mechanism.
  • the moving mechanism 1 can move along the inner wall of the pipe to drive the telescopic arm 2 and the elastic mechanism 3 to move along the pipe.
  • the telescopic arm 2 is used for The inner wall is squeezed and contracted, so that the moving mechanism 1 passes through the position with the smaller pipe diameter.
  • the telescopic arm 2 is also used for the elastic restoring force of the elastic mechanism 3 itself.
  • the elastic mechanism 3 is used to provide the telescopic arm 2 with telescopic power.
  • the moving mechanism 1 drives the telescopic arm 2 and the elastic mechanism 3 to move along the pipeline.
  • the inner wall of the pipe squeezes the moving mechanism 1, and the moving mechanism 1 squeezes the telescopic arm 2 , so that the telescopic arm 2 can be retracted, so that the pipeline robot 10 can move at a position with a small diameter of the pipeline.
  • the telescopic arm 2 stretches under the action of the elastic mechanism 3, so that the telescopic arm 2 drives the moving mechanism 1 to move toward the inner wall of the pipe until the moving mechanism 1 contacts the inner wall of the pipe , so that the pipeline robot 10 can move at a position with a larger diameter of the pipeline.
  • the pipeline robot 10 can be moved in a pipeline with a large change in the diameter of the pipeline, thereby improving the applicability of the pipeline robot 10 .
  • the number of the moving mechanism 1 and the telescopic arm 2 is multiple, the multiple telescopic arms 2 are respectively arranged on the elastic mechanism 3, and the moving mechanism 1 is arranged on the end of the telescopic arm 2 away from the elastic mechanism 3, wherein the multiple moving mechanisms 1 One-to-one correspondence with multiple telescopic arms 2 .
  • the number of the moving mechanism 1 and the telescopic arm 2 is four. It can be understood that, in an optional embodiment, the number of the moving mechanism 1 and the telescopic arm 2 is not limited to four, and it can be determined according to the actual situation.
  • the elastic mechanism 3 includes an elastic component 31 and a support component 32 , the elastic component 31 is arranged on the support component 32 , the telescopic arm 2 and the end of the elastic component 31 away from the support component 32 are hinged to each other, and the elastic component 31 is used for The telescopic arm 2 is stretched under the action of its own elastic restoring force, and the support assembly 32 is used to support the telescopic arm 2 to telescopically.
  • the moving mechanism 1 moves to a position with a smaller pipe diameter
  • the inner wall of the pipe squeezes the moving mechanism 1, and the moving mechanism 1 squeezes the telescopic arm 2, so that the telescopic arm 2 squeezes the elastic component 31 while shrinking
  • the elastic component 31 drives the telescopic arm 2 to stretch under the action of its own elastic restoring force, so that the telescopic arm 2 drives the moving mechanism 1 to move toward the inner wall of the pipe until the moving mechanism 1 and the inner wall of the pipe are moved. until contact.
  • the number of elastic components 31 is multiple, the multiple elastic components 31 are respectively disposed on the support component 32 , and the multiple telescopic arms 2 correspond to the multiple elastic components 31 one-to-one.
  • the number of elastic components 31 is four. It can be understood that, in an optional embodiment, the number of the elastic components 31 is not limited to four, and may be determined according to the actual situation.
  • the elastic assembly 31 includes a first elastic element 311 and a second elastic element 312 .
  • the first elastic element 311 is used to stretch the telescopic arm 2 along the first direction 313 under the action of its own elastic restoring force
  • the second elastic element 311 is used to stretch the telescopic arm 2 along the second direction 314 under the action of its own elastic restoring force.
  • the first elastic element 311 includes a first connecting piece 3111 , a first elastic piece 3112 and a first guide piece 3113 .
  • the first guide piece 3113 and the support assembly 32 are hinged to each other, and one end of the first guide piece 3113 away from the support assembly 32 has a first The guide groove 3114, the first elastic member 3112 is set in the first guide groove 3114, and one end of the first connecting member 3111 is set in the first guide groove 3114 and pushes against the first elastic member 3112, the telescopic arm 2 and the first connecting member
  • One end of the 3111 away from the first elastic member 3112 is hinged to each other, wherein the first elastic member 3112 moves the first connecting member 3111 along the first guide groove 3114 towards the inner wall of the pipeline under the action of its own elastic restoring force, so that the first connecting member 3111 3111 drives the telescopic arm 2 to extend along the first direction 313 .
  • the second elastic element 312 includes a second connecting piece 3121 , a second elastic piece 3122 and a second guide piece 3123 , the second guide piece 3123 and the support assembly 32 are hinged to each other, and the end of the second guide piece 3123 away from the support assembly 32 has a second The guide groove 3124, the second elastic member 3122 is set in the second guide groove 3124, and one end of the second connecting member 3121 is set in the second guide groove 3124 and pushes against the second elastic member 3122, the telescopic arm 2 and the second connecting member One end of the 3121 away from the second elastic member 3122 is hinged to each other, wherein the second elastic member 3122 moves the second connecting member 3121 along the second guide groove 3124 towards the inner wall of the pipeline under the action of its own elastic restoring force, so that the second connecting member 3121 drives the telescopic arm 2 to extend along the second direction 314 .
  • the pipe squeezes the moving mechanism 1, and the moving mechanism 1 squeezes the telescopic arm 2, so that the telescopic arm 2 squeezes the first connecting piece 3111 and the second connecting member 3111 and the second while shrinking.
  • the telescopic arms 2 are respectively driven to stretch, so that the telescopic arms 2 drive the moving mechanism 1 to move toward the inner wall of the pipe until the moving mechanism 1 contacts the inner wall of the pipe.
  • the first elastic element 311 and the second elastic member 3122 can simultaneously drive the telescopic arm 2 to stretch from two directions, thereby improving the stretching efficiency of the telescopic arm 2 .
  • the support assembly 32 includes a first support plate 321 and a second support plate 322 that are connected to each other, and a plurality of elastic assemblies 31 are respectively disposed between the first support plate 321 and the second support plate 322 .
  • the first elastic element 311 and the second elastic element 312 are rotatably disposed between the first support plate 321 and the second support plate 322, respectively.
  • the pipe squeezes the moving mechanism 1, the moving mechanism 1 squeezes the telescopic arm 2, and the telescopic arm 2 squeezes the first elastic element 311 and the second elastic element while shrinking 312, so that the first elastic component 31 and the second elastic component 31 rotate in opposite directions along the first support plate 321 and the second support plate 322 respectively, so as to improve the expansion ratio of the pipeline robot 10 and make the pipeline robot 10 applicable. wider.
  • the first guide member 3113 and the second guide member 3123 are rotatably disposed between the first support plate 321 and the second support plate 322, respectively.
  • the pipe squeezes the moving mechanism 1, the moving mechanism 1 squeezes the telescopic arm 2, and the telescopic arm 2 squeezes the first connector 3111 and the second connector while shrinking 3121, the first connecting piece 3111 and the second connecting piece 3121 squeeze the corresponding first elastic piece 3112 and the second elastic piece 3122 respectively, the first elastic piece 3112 and the second elastic piece 3122 squeeze the corresponding first guide piece 3113 and the second guide member 3123, so that the first guide member 3113 and the second guide member 3123 rotate in opposite directions along the first support plate 321 and the second support plate 322 respectively, so as to improve the telescopic ratio of the pipeline robot 10, so that The application range of the pipeline robot 10 is wider.
  • the telescopic arm 2 and the support assembly 32 are hinged to each other to constrain one end of the first connecting piece 3111 in the first guide groove 3114 and one end of the second connecting piece 3121 in the second guide groove 3124 .
  • the first elastic member 3112 and the second elastic member 3122 move the corresponding first connecting member 3111 and the second connecting member 3121 towards the inner wall of the pipeline under the action of their respective elastic restoring forces
  • the telescopic arms 2 are respectively connected to the first connecting member 3111 and the second connecting member 3121
  • the connecting piece 3111 and the second connecting piece 3121 are hinged to each other, and the telescopic arm 2 is pulled by the support assembly 32 , so the first connecting piece 3111 and the second connecting piece 3121 can be prevented from the first guide groove 3114 and the second guide groove 3124 corresponding to each other. It can be disengaged from the inside, thereby improving the reliability of the elastic mechanism 3 .
  • first support plate 321 , the telescopic arm 2 and the second support plate 322 are hinged in sequence from top to bottom through the hinge shaft, so as to constrain one end of the first connecting piece 3111 in the first guide groove 3114 , and the second connecting piece One end of the 3121 is limited in the second guide groove 3124 .
  • the telescopic arms 2 are respectively connected to the first connecting member 3111 and the second connecting member 3121
  • the first and second connecting members 3111 and 3121 are hinged to each other, and the telescopic arm 2 is simultaneously pulled from two directions by the first and second supporting plates 321 and 322, so that the first and second connecting members 3111 and 3121 can be prevented from The corresponding first guide grooves 3114 and the second guide grooves 3124 come out, thereby improving the reliability of the elastic mechanism 3 .
  • the elastic mechanism 3 further includes a first limit component 33 , and the first limit component 33 is used to limit the rotation of the telescopic arm 2 relative to the support component 32 , so as to ensure that the pipeline robot 10 can extend or retract during the traveling process.
  • the angle of the arm 2 relative to the support assembly 32 is always kept constant, thereby improving the reliability of the pipeline robot 10 during the traveling process.
  • One end of the first limiting component 33 is hinged with the telescopic arm 2, and the other end is arranged on the supporting component 32 and can slide along the supporting component 32 to limit the rotation of the telescopic arm 2 relative to the supporting component 32, so that the telescopic arm 2 is relatively supported
  • the angle of the assembly 32 remains constant throughout.
  • the first support plate 321 is provided with a first limit groove 3211
  • the second support plate 322 is provided with a second limit groove 3221 at a position corresponding to the first limit groove 3211
  • the first limit assembly 33 includes a second limit groove 3221 .
  • a limiting member 331 , a second limiting member 332 and a connecting member 333 One end of the first limiting member 331 , the telescopic arm 2 and one end of the second limiting member 332 are hinged from top to bottom in sequence through the hinge shaft.
  • the other end of the limiting member 331 and the other end of the second limiting member 332 are connected by a connecting member 333 and the connecting member 333 is located between the first limiting groove 3211 and the second limiting groove 3221 .
  • the pipe squeezes the moving mechanism 1, and the moving mechanism 1 squeezes the telescopic arm 2, so that the telescopic arm 2 drives the first limiting member 331 and the second stopper while shrinking.
  • the limiting member 332 slides along the corresponding first limiting groove 3211 and the second limiting groove 3221 to limit the rotation of the telescopic arm 2 relative to the support assembly 32, so that the angle of the telescopic arm 2 relative to the support assembly 32 is always kept constant .
  • the first limiting member 331 is a plate-like structure. It can be understood that, in an optional embodiment, the first limiting member 331 is not limited to a plate-like structure, and the specificity may be determined according to the actual situation.
  • the first limiting member 331 is provided with a first escape groove 3311
  • the second limiting member 332 is provided with a second escape groove 3321
  • the hinge shaft for hingedly connecting the first support plate 321, the telescopic arm 2 and the second support plate 322 is located at between the first escape groove 3311 and the second escape groove 3321 .
  • the first limiting member 331 and the second limiting member 332 can avoid the hinge shafts for hingedly connecting the first support plate 321 , the telescopic arm 2 and the second support plate 322 , thereby The first limiting member 331 and the second limiting member 332 can smoothly slide along the first limiting groove 3211 and the second limiting groove 3221 , thereby improving the telescopic reliability of the telescopic arm 2 .
  • the second limiting member 332 is a plate-like structure. It can be understood that, in an optional embodiment, the second limiting member 332 is not limited to a plate-like structure, and may be determined according to actual conditions.
  • the telescopic arm 2 includes a plurality of scissor-type units 21.
  • one end of one scissor-type unit 21 and one end of the other scissor-type unit 21 are mutually In articulation, a scissor unit 21 close to the elastic mechanism 3 and the elastic mechanism 3 in the telescopic arm 2 are hinged with each other, and a scissors unit 21 away from the elastic mechanism 3 and the moving mechanism 1 are hinged with each other.
  • the telescopic ability of the telescopic arm 2 is improved.
  • the scissor-type unit 21 includes a plurality of straight rods, and the middle parts of the plurality of straight rods of each scissor-type unit 21 are hinged to each other.
  • one of the scissor fork One end of the plurality of straight rods in the scissor-type unit 21 and one end of the plurality of straight rods in the other scissor-type unit 21 are hinged to each other.
  • each scissor-type unit 21 includes two straight rods, respectively an upper straight rod 211 and a lower straight rod 212 . It can be understood that, in an optional embodiment, the number of straight rods of each scissor-type unit 21 is not limited to two, and may be determined according to actual requirements.
  • the telescopic arm 2 further includes a first half scissor unit 22 , one end of the first half scissor unit 22 is hinged with a scissor unit 21 away from the elastic mechanism 3 , and the other end is connected with the moving mechanism 1 . hinged to each other.
  • the telescopic ability of the telescopic arm 2 is improved.
  • the first semi-scissor-type unit 22 includes a plurality of semi-straight rods, one end of the first semi-straight rods in the first semi-scissor-type unit 22 is hinged with each other, and the first semi-scissor-type unit The other ends of the plurality of first semi-straight rods in 22 are mutually hinged with the scissor-type unit 21 .
  • the first half-scissor-type unit 22 includes two first half-straight bars, which are an upper-layer first half-straight bar 221 and a lower-layer first half-straight bar 222 respectively, and one end of the upper-layer first half-straight bar 221
  • One end of the lower first semi-straight rod 222 is hinged to each other through a hinge shaft, and the other end of the upper first semi-straight rod 221 and the other end of the lower first semi-straight rod 222 are correspondingly hinged with the scissor unit 21 through the hinge shaft.
  • the number of the first semi-straight rods of the first semi-scissor-type unit 22 is not limited to two, and may be determined according to actual requirements.
  • the telescopic arm 2 further includes a second half scissor unit 23 , one end of the second half scissor unit 23 is hinged with a scissor unit 21 close to the elastic mechanism 3 , and the other end is hinged with the elastic mechanism 3 hinged to each other.
  • the telescopic ability of the telescopic arm 2 is improved.
  • the second half-scissor-type unit 23 includes a plurality of second half-straight rods, one end of the plurality of second half-straight bars in the second half-scissor-type unit 23 is hinged with each other, and the second half-scissor fork The other ends of the plurality of second semi-straight rods in the type unit 23 and the scissor type unit 21 are hinged to each other.
  • the second semi-scissor unit 23 includes two second semi-straight rods hinged to each other, which are the upper second semi-straight rod 231 and the lower second semi-straight rod 232 respectively, and the upper second semi-straight rod One end of 231 and one end of the lower second semi-straight rod 232 are hinged to each other through the hinge shaft, and the other end of the upper second semi-straight rod 231 and the other end of the lower second semi-straight rod 232 correspond to the scissor unit 21 through the hinge shaft. hinged to each other.
  • the number of the second semi-straight rods of the second semi-scissor-type unit 23 is not limited to two, and may be determined according to actual requirements.
  • the moving mechanism 1 is respectively hinged with one end of the upper first semi-straight rod 221 and one end of the lower first semi-straight rod 222 through hinge shafts, and one end of the upper straight rod 211 and the lower first semi-straight rod 222 The other end is hinged to each other through the hinge shaft, one end of the lower straight rod 212 and the other end of the upper first semi-straight rod 221 are hinged to each other, the middle of the upper straight rod 211 and the middle of the lower straight rod 212 are hinged to each other through the hinge shaft, and the upper straight rod 212 is hinged to each other through the hinge shaft.
  • One end of the rod 213 and the other end of the lower straight rod 212 are hinged to each other through the hinge shaft, one end of the lower straight rod 214 and the other end of the upper straight rod 211 are hinged to each other through the hinge shaft, and the middle part of the upper straight rod 213 and the lower straight rod 214 are hinged to each other.
  • the middle part is hinged to each other through the hinge shaft, one end of the upper straight rod 215 and the other end of the lower straight rod 214 are hinged to each other through the hinge shaft, one end of the lower straight rod 216 and the other end of the upper straight rod 213 are hinged to each other through the hinge shaft, the upper straight rod
  • the middle part of 215 and the middle part of the lower straight rod 216 are hinged to each other through the hinge shaft, one end of the upper second semi-straight rod 231 and the other end of the lower straight rod 216 are hinged to each other through the hinge shaft, and one end of the lower second semi-straight rod 232 is hinged to the upper layer
  • the other ends of the straight rods 215 are hinged to each other through the hinge shaft, and the other end of the upper second semi-straight rod 231 and the other end of the lower second semi-straight rod 232 are hinged to each other through the hinge shaft.
  • One end of the second semi-straight rod 231 on the upper layer, one end of the first connecting member 3111 and the other end of the straight rod 216 on the lower layer are hinged in sequence from top to bottom through the hinge shaft.
  • the hinges are hinged through the hinge shaft.
  • the moving mechanism 1 includes a vehicle body 11 , a wheel 12 and a motor assembly 13 disposed on the vehicle body 11 , the wheel 12 and the motor assembly 13 are drive-connected, and the motor assembly 13 is used to drive the wheel 12 to rotate and steer.
  • the motor assembly 13 includes a first motor 131 and a second motor 132.
  • the first motor 131 and the second motor 132 are respectively disposed on the vehicle body 11.
  • the wheels 12 are respectively connected to the first motor 131 and the second motor 132 in a driving manner.
  • 131 is used to drive the wheel 12 to rotate
  • the second motor 132 is used to drive the wheel 12 to turn.
  • the steering of the wheels 12 can be changed by the second motor 132, thereby changing the posture of the pipeline robot 10 during traveling, so that the pipeline robot 10 can avoid obstacles when moving in the pipeline, thereby improving the applicability of the pipeline robot.
  • the moving mechanism 1 also includes a second limit assembly 14, which is used to limit the rotation of the vehicle body 11 relative to the telescopic arm 2, so as to ensure that the angle of the vehicle body 11 relative to the telescopic arm 2 is always maintained during the traveling process of the pipeline robot. remain unchanged, thereby increasing the reliability of the pipeline robot during travel.
  • a second limit assembly 14 which is used to limit the rotation of the vehicle body 11 relative to the telescopic arm 2, so as to ensure that the angle of the vehicle body 11 relative to the telescopic arm 2 is always maintained during the traveling process of the pipeline robot. remain unchanged, thereby increasing the reliability of the pipeline robot during travel.
  • the second limiting assembly 14 includes a third limiting member 141 and a fourth limiting member 142 .
  • the third limiting member 141 is provided on the vehicle body 11
  • the fourth limiting member 142 is provided on the telescopic arm 2
  • the fourth limiting member 142 is provided on the telescopic arm 2 .
  • the position-limiting member 142 has a position-limiting through hole, and the third position-limiting member 141 is penetrated in the position-limiting through hole to limit the rotation of the vehicle body 11 relative to the telescopic arm 2 .
  • the angle of the vehicle body 11 relative to the telescopic arm 2 is always kept constant.
  • the third limiting member 141 is a rod-shaped structure. It can be understood that, in an optional embodiment, the third limiting member 141 is not limited to a rod-shaped structure, and may be determined according to the actual situation.
  • the fourth limiting member 142 is a block-shaped structure. It can be understood that, in an optional embodiment, the fourth limiting member 142 is not limited to a block-shaped structure, and may be determined according to actual conditions.

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

一种管道机器人（10），包括移动机构（1）、伸缩臂（2）以及弹性机构（3），伸缩臂（2）设置在弹性机构（3）上，移动机构（1）设置在伸缩臂（2）远离弹性机构（3）的一端上，移动机构（1）可沿管道内壁移动，以带动伸缩臂（2）和弹性机构（3）沿管道移动，当移动机构（1）移动到管道管径较小的位置时，管道内壁挤压移动机构（1），移动机构（1）挤压伸缩臂（2），以使伸缩臂（2）收缩，从而使管道机器人（10）能够在管道管径较小的位置移动。当移动机构（1）移动到管道管径较大的位置时，伸缩臂（2）在弹性机构（3）的作用下伸展，以使伸缩臂（2）带动移动机构（1）朝向管道内壁移动，直到移动机构（1）和管道内壁接触为止，从而使管道机器人（10）能够在管道管径较大的位置移动。

Description

管道机器人 技术领域
本发明涉及工业机械技术领域，特别涉及一种管道机器人。
背景技术
管道作为一种有效的物料输送手段而被广泛应用于各种领域中。为了提高管道寿命，并使其安全、稳定、可靠地运作，可在管道内移动并检测的管道机器人应运而生。
在现有技术中，管道机器人需要根据不同管道的管径进行特定设计，当管道管径变化范围较大时，例如最大管道管径为最小管道管径的两倍时，现有的管道机器人将无法同时适应最小管道管径和最大管道管径，导致管道机器人无法在管道管径变化较大的管道中移动。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种管道机器人，旨在解决现有技术中的管道机器人无法在管道管径变化较大的管道中移动的技术问题。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供的技术方案为：
一种管道机器人，包括移动机构、伸缩臂以及弹性机构，所述伸缩臂设置在所述弹性机构上，所述移动机构设置在所述伸缩臂远离所述弹性机构的一端上，所述移动机构可沿管道内壁移动，以带动所述伸缩臂和所述弹性机构沿管道移动，当所述移动机构移动到所述管道管径较小的位置时，所述伸缩臂用于在所述管道内壁的挤压下收缩，以使所述移动机构经过所述管道管径较小的位置；当所述移动机构移动到所述管道管径较大的位置时，所述伸缩臂还用于在所述弹性机构自身弹性恢复力的作用下伸展，以使所述移动机构经过管道管径较大的位置，所述弹性机构用于为所述伸缩臂提供伸展的动力。
可选地，所述弹性机构包括弹性组件和支撑组件，所述弹性组件设置在所述支撑组件上，所述伸缩臂与所述弹性组件背离所述支撑组件的一端相互铰接，所述弹性组件用于在自身弹性恢复力的作用下使所述伸缩臂伸展，所述支撑组件用于支撑所述伸缩臂伸缩。
可选地，所述弹性组件包括第一弹性元件和第二弹性元件，所述第一弹性元件用于在自身弹性恢复力的作用下使所述伸缩臂沿第一方向伸展，所述第二弹性元件用于在自身弹性恢复力的作用下使所述伸缩臂沿第二方向伸展。
可选地，所述第一弹性元件包括第一连接件、第一导向件以及第一弹性件，所述第一导向件和所述支撑组件相互铰接，所述第一导向件远离所述支撑组件的一端具有第一导向槽，所述第一弹性件设置在所述第一导向槽内，所述第一连接件的一端设置在所述第一导向槽内并抵顶所述第一弹性件，所述伸缩臂和所述第一连接件远离所述第一弹性件的一端相互铰接，其中，所述第一弹性件在自身弹性恢复力的作用下使所述第一连接件沿所述第一导向槽朝向所述管道内壁移动，以使所述第一连接件带动所述伸缩臂沿第一方向伸展；所述第二弹性元件包括第二连接件、第二导向件以及第二弹性件，所述第二导向件和所述支撑组件相互铰接，所述第二导向件远离所述支撑组件的一端具有第二导向槽，所述第二弹性件设置在所述第二导向槽内，所述第二连接件的一端设置在所述第二导向槽内并抵顶所述第二弹性件，所述伸缩臂和所述第二连接件远离所述第二弹性件的一端相互铰接，其中，所述第二弹性件在自身弹性恢复力的作用下使所述第二连接件沿所述第二导向槽朝向所述管道内壁移动，以使所述第二连接件带动所述伸缩臂沿第二方向伸展。
可选地，所述伸缩臂和所述支撑组件相互铰接，以将所述第一连接杆的一端限制在所述第一导向槽内，所述第二连接杆的一端限制在所述第二导向槽内。
可选地，所述弹性机构还包括第一限位组件，所述第一限位组件用于限制所述伸缩臂相对所述支撑组件发生旋转。
可选地，所述伸缩臂包括多个剪叉式单元，在相邻两个所述剪叉式单元中，其中一个剪叉式单元的一端和另外一个剪叉式单元的一端相互铰接，所 述伸缩臂中靠近所述弹性机构的一个剪叉式单元和所述弹性机构相互铰接，远离所述弹性机构的一个剪叉式单元和所述移动机构相互铰接。
可选地，所述伸缩臂还包括第一半剪叉式单元，所述第一半剪叉式单元一端与远离所述弹性机构的一个所述剪叉式单元相互铰接，另一端与所述移动机构相互铰接。
可选地，所述伸缩臂还包括第二半剪叉式单元，所述第二半剪叉式单元一端与靠近所述弹性机构的一个所述剪叉式单元相互铰接，另一端与所述弹性机构相互铰接。
可选地，所述移动机构包括车体以及设置在所述车体上的车轮和电机组件，所述车轮和所述电机组件传动连接，所述电机组件用于驱动所述车轮转动和转向。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
本申请通过移动机构带动伸缩臂和弹性机构沿管道移动，当移动机构移动到管道管径较小的位置时，管道内壁挤压移动机构，移动机构挤压伸缩臂，以使伸缩臂收缩，从而使管道机器人能够在管道管径较小的位置移动。当移动机构移动到管道管径较大的位置时，伸缩臂在弹性机构的作用下伸展，以使伸缩臂带动移动机构朝向管道内壁移动，直到移动机构和管道内壁接触为止，从而使管道机器人能够在管道管径较大的位置移动。通过伸缩臂能够使管道机器人在管道管径变化较大的管道中移动，从而提高管道机器人的适用性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图示出的结构获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请的一个实施例的管道机器人的示意图；
图2是本申请的一个实施例的弹性机构的示意图；
图3是本申请的一个实施例的弹性组件的爆炸图；
图4是本申请的一个实施例的伸缩臂和支持机构的组装图；
图5是本申请的一个实施例的第一限位组件和支撑组件的组装图；
图6是本申请的另一实施例的伸缩臂和支持机构的组装图；
图7是本申请的又一实施例的伸缩臂的示意图；
图8是本申请的一个实施例的剪叉式单元的示意图；
图9是本申请的一个实施例的第一半剪叉式单元的示意图；
图10是本申请的一个实施例的第二半剪叉式单元的示意图；
图11是本申请的另一实施例的管道机器人的示意图；
图12是本申请的一个实施例的移动机构的示意图；
10、管道机器人；1、移动机构；11、车体；12、车轮；13、电机组件；131、第一电机；132、第二电机；14、第二限位组件；141、第三限位件；142、第四限位件；2、伸缩臂；21、剪叉式单元；211、上层直杆；212、下层直杆；213、上层直杆；214、下层直杆；215、上层直杆；216、下层直杆；22、第一半剪叉式单元；221、上层第一半直杆；222、下层第一半直杆；23、第二半剪叉式单元；231、上层第二半直杆；232、下层第二半直杆；3、弹性机构；31、弹性组件；311、第一弹性元件；3111、第一连接件；3112、第一弹性件；3113、第一导向件；3114、第一导向槽；312、第二弹性元件；3121、第二连接件；3122、第二弹性件；3123、第二导向件；3124、第二导向槽；313、第一方向；314、第二方向；32、支撑组件；321、第一支撑板；3211、第一限位槽；322、第二支撑板；3221、第二限位槽；33、第一限位组件；331、第一限位件；3311、第一避让槽；332、第二限位件；3321、第二避让槽；333、连接件。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明，本发明实施例中所有方向性指示(诸如上、下、左、右、前、后......)仅用于解释在某一特定姿态(如附图所示)下各部件之间的相对位置关系、运动情况等，如果该特定姿态发生改变时，则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。
另外，在本发明中涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。另外，全文中的“和/或”包括三个方案，以A和/或B为例，包括A技术方案、B技术方案，以及A和B同时满足的技术方案；另外，各个实施例之间的技术方案可以相互结合，但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础，当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在，也不在本发明要求的保护范围之内。
如图1所示，本实施例提供了一种管道机器人10，包括移动机构1、伸缩臂2以及弹性机构3，伸缩臂2设置在弹性机构3上，移动机构1设置在伸缩臂2远离弹性机构3的一端上；移动机构1可沿管道内壁移动，以带动伸缩臂2和弹性机构3沿管道移动，当移动机构1移动到管道管径较小的位置时，伸缩臂2用于在管道内壁的挤压下收缩，以使移动机构1经过管道管径较小的位置，当移动机构1移动到管道管径较大的位置时，伸缩臂2还用于在弹性机构3自身弹性恢复力的作用下伸展，弹性机构3用于为伸缩臂2提供伸缩的动力。
本实施例通过移动机构1带动伸缩臂2和弹性机构3沿管道移动，当移动机构1移动到管道管径较小的位置时，管道内壁挤压移动机构1，移动机构1挤压伸缩臂2，以使伸缩臂2收缩，从而使管道机器人10能够在管道管径较小的位置移动。当移动机构1移动到管道管径较大的位置时，伸缩臂2在弹性机构3的作用下伸展，以使伸缩臂2带动移动机构1朝向管道内壁移动，直到移动机构1和管道内壁接触为止，从而使管道机器人10能够在管道管径较大的位置移动。通过伸缩臂2能够使管道机器人10在管道管径变化较大的管道中移动，从而提高管道机器人10的适用性。
移动机构1和伸缩臂2的数量均为多个，多个伸缩臂2分别设置在弹性 机构3上，移动机构1设置在伸缩臂2背离弹性机构3的一端上，其中，多个移动机构1和多个伸缩臂2一一对应。
在本实施例中，移动机构1和伸缩臂2的数量均为四个。可以了解，在可选地实施例中，移动机构1和伸缩臂2的数量并不局限于四个，具体可根据实际情况而定。
如图2所示，弹性机构3包括弹性组件31和支撑组件32，弹性组件31设置在支撑组件32上，伸缩臂2与弹性组件31背离支撑组件32的一端相互铰接，弹性组件31用于在自身弹性恢复力的作用下使伸缩臂2伸展，支撑组件32用于支撑伸缩臂2伸缩。当移动机构1移动到管道管径较小的位置时，管道内壁挤压移动机构1，移动机构1挤压伸缩臂2，以使伸缩臂2在收缩的同时挤压弹性组件31；当移动机构1移动到管道管径较大的位置时，弹性组件31在自身弹性恢复力的作用下带动伸缩臂2伸展，以使伸缩臂2带动移动机构1朝向管道内壁移动，直到移动机构1和管道内壁接触为止。
弹性组件31的数量为多个，多个弹性组件31分别设置在支撑组件32上，多个伸缩臂2和多个弹性组件31一一对应。
在本实施例中，弹性组件31的数量为四个。可以了解，在可选地实施例中，弹性组件31的数量并不局限于四个，具体可根据实际情况而定。
如图3所示，弹性组件31包括第一弹性元件311和第二弹性元件312，第一弹性元件311用于在自身弹性恢复力的作用下使伸缩臂2沿第一方向313伸展，第二弹性元件312用于在自身弹性恢复力的作用下使伸缩臂2沿第二方向314伸展。
第一弹性元件311包括第一连接件3111、第一弹性件3112以及第一导向件3113，第一导向件3113和支撑组件32相互铰接，第一导向件3113远离支撑组件32的一端具有第一导向槽3114，第一弹性件3112设置在第一导向槽3114内，第一连接件3111的一端设置在第一导向槽3114内并抵顶第一弹性件3112，伸缩臂2和第一连接件3111远离第一弹性件3112的一端相互铰接，其中，第一弹性件3112在自身弹性恢复力的作用下使第一连接件3111沿第一导向槽3114朝向管道内壁移动，以使第一连接件3111带动伸缩臂2沿第一方向313伸展。
第二弹性元件312包括第二连接件3121、第二弹性件3122以及第二导向件3123，第二导向件3123和支撑组件32相互铰接，第二导向件3123远离支撑组件32的一端具有第二导向槽3124，第二弹性件3122设置在第二导向槽3124内，第二连接件3121的一端设置在第二导向槽3124内并抵顶第二弹性件3122，伸缩臂2和第二连接件3121远离第二弹性件3122的一端相互铰接，其中，第二弹性件3122在自身弹性恢复力的作用下使第二连接件3121沿第二导向槽3124朝向管道内壁移动，以使第二连接件3121带动伸缩臂2沿第二方向314伸展。
当移动机构1移动到管道管径较小的位置时，管道挤压移动机构1，移动机构1挤压伸缩臂2，以使伸缩臂2在收缩的同时挤压第一连接件3111和第二连接件3121，从而使第一连接件3111和第二连接件3121挤压各自对应的第一弹性件3112和第二弹性件3122；当移动机构1移动到管道管径较大的位置时，第一弹性件3112和第二弹性件3122在各自弹性恢复力的作用使各自对应的第一连接件3111和第二连接件3121朝向管道内壁移动，以使第一连接件3111和第二连接件3121分别带动伸缩臂2伸展，从而使伸缩臂2带动移动机构1朝向管道内壁移动，直到移动机构1和管道内壁接触为止。通过第一弹性元件311和第二弹性件3122能够从两个方向同时带动伸缩臂2伸展，从而提高伸缩臂2的伸展效率。
如图2所示，支撑组件32包括相互连接的第一支撑板321和第二支撑板322，多个弹性组件31分别设置在第一支撑板321和第二支撑板322之间。
在本实施例中，第一弹性元件311和第二弹性元件312分别可旋转地设置第一支撑板321和第二支撑板322之间。当移动机构1移动到管道管径较小的位置时，管道挤压移动机构1，移动机构1挤压伸缩臂2，伸缩臂2在收缩的同时挤压第一弹性元件311和第二弹性元件312，以使第一弹性组件31和第二弹性组件31分别沿第一支撑板321和第二支撑板322之间反向旋转，从而提高管道机器人10的伸缩比，使得管道机器人10的适用范围更广。
如图3所示，第一导向件3113和第二导向件3123分别可旋转地设置在第一支撑板321和第二支撑板322之间。当移动机构1移动到管道管径较小的位置时，管道挤压移动机构1，移动机构1挤压伸缩臂2，伸缩臂2在收缩 的同时挤压第一连接件3111和第二连接件3121，第一连接件3111和第二连接件3121挤压各自对应的第一弹性件3112和第二弹性件3122，第一弹性件3112和第二弹性件3122挤压各自对应的第一导向件3113和第二导向件3123，以使第一导向件3113和第二导向件3123分别沿第一支撑板321和第二支撑板322之间反向旋转，从而提高管道机器人10的伸缩比，使得管道机器人10的适用范围更广。
如图4所示，伸缩臂2和支撑组件32相互铰接，以将第一连接件3111的一端限制在第一导向槽3114内，第二连接件3121的一端限制在第二导向槽3124内。当第一弹性件3112和第二弹性件3122在各自弹性恢复力的作用下使各自对应的第一连接件3111和第二连接件3121朝向管道内壁移动时，由于伸缩臂2分别与第一连接件3111和第二连接件3121相互铰接，并且通过支撑组件32牵引伸缩臂2，因此能够防止第一连接件3111和第二连接件3121从各自对应的第一导向槽3114和第二导向槽3124内脱出，从而提高弹性机构3的可靠性。
具体地，第一支撑板321、伸缩臂2以及第二支撑板322从上至下通过铰接轴依次铰接，以将第一连接件3111的一端限制在第一导向槽3114内，第二连接件3121的一端限制在第二导向槽3124内。当第一弹性件3112和第二弹性件3122在各自弹性恢复力的作用下使各自对应的第一连接件3111和第二连接件3121朝向管道内壁移动时，由于伸缩臂2分别与第一连接件3111和第二连接件3121相互铰接，并且通过第一支撑板321和第二支撑板322从两个方向同时牵引伸缩臂2，因此能够防止第一连接件3111和第二连接件3121从各自对应的第一导向槽3114和第二导向槽3124内脱出，从而提高弹性机构3的可靠性。
如图5、6所示，弹性机构3还包括第一限位组件33，第一限位组件33用于限制伸缩臂2相对支撑组件32发生旋转，以保证管道机器人10在行进过程中，伸缩臂2相对支撑组件32的角度始终保持不变，从而提高管道机器人10在行进过程中的可靠性。
第一限位组件33的一端与伸缩臂2相互铰接，另一端设置在支撑组件32上且可沿支撑组件32滑动，以限制伸缩臂2相对支撑组件32发生旋转，从 而使伸缩臂2相对支撑组件32的角度始终保持不变。
具体地，第一支撑板321上设有第一限位槽3211，第二支撑板322对应第一限位槽3211的位置上设有第二限位槽3221，第一限位组件33包括第一限位件331、第二限位件332以及连接件333，第一限位件331的一端、伸缩臂2以及第二限位件332的一端从上至下通过铰接轴依次铰接，第一限位件331的另一端和第二限位件332的另一端通过连接件333连接且连接件333位于第一限位槽3211和第二限位槽3221之间。当移动机构1移动到管道管径较小的位置时，管道挤压移动机构1，移动机构1挤压伸缩臂2，以使伸缩臂2在收缩的同时带动第一限位件331和第二限位件332沿各自对应的第一限位槽3211和第二限位槽3221滑动，以限制伸缩臂2相对支撑组件32发生旋转，从而使伸缩臂2相对支撑组件32的角度始终保持不变。
在本实施例中，第一限位件331为板状结构。可以了解，在可选地实施例中，第一限位件331并不局限于板状结构，具体可根据实际情况而定。
第一限位件331上设有第一避让槽3311，第二限位件332上设有第二避让槽3321，铰接第一支撑板321、伸缩臂2以及第二支撑板322的铰接轴位于第一避让槽3311和第二避让槽3321之间。通过第一避让槽3311和第二避让槽3321，能够使第一限位件331和第二限位件332避让铰接第一支撑板321、伸缩臂2以及第二支撑板322的铰接轴，从而使第一限位件331和第二限位件332能够顺畅地沿第一限位槽3211和第二限位槽3221滑动，从而提高伸缩臂2伸缩的可靠性。
在本实施例中，第二限位件332为板状结构。可以了解，在可选地实施例中，第二限位件332并不局限于板状结构，具体可根据实际情况而定。
如图7所示，伸缩臂2包括多个剪叉式单元21，在相邻两个剪叉式单元21中，其中一个剪叉式单元21的一端和另外一个剪叉式单元21的一端相互铰接，伸缩臂2中靠近弹性机构3的一个剪叉式单元21和弹性机构3相互铰接，远离弹性机构3的一个剪叉式单元21和移动机构1相互铰接。通过相邻两个剪叉式单元21之间的相互转动，从而提高伸缩臂2的伸缩能力。
如图8所示，剪叉式单元21包括多个直杆，每个剪叉式单元21的多个直杆的中部相互铰接，在相邻两个剪叉式单元21中，其中一个剪叉式单元21 中的多个直杆的一端和另外一个剪叉式单元21中的多个直杆的一端相互铰接。
在本实施例中，每个剪叉式单元21包括两个直杆，分别为上层直杆211和下层直杆212，上层直杆211的中部和下层直杆212的中部通过铰接轴相互铰接。可以了解，在可选地实施例中，每个剪叉式单元21的直杆数量并不局限于两个，具体可根据实际需求而定。
如图7所示，伸缩臂2还包括第一半剪叉式单元22，第一半剪叉式单元22一端与远离弹性机构3的一个剪叉式单元21相互铰接，另一端与移动机构1相互铰接。通过第一半剪叉式单元22和剪叉式单元21之间的相互转动，从而提高伸缩臂2的伸缩能力。
如图9所示，第一半剪叉式单元22包括多个半直杆，第一半剪叉式单元22中的多个第一半直杆的一端相互铰接，第一半剪叉式单元22中的多个第一半直杆的另一端与剪叉式单元21相互铰接。
在本实施例中，第一半剪叉式单元22包括两个第一半直杆，分别为上层第一半直杆221和下层第一半直杆222，上层第一半直杆221的一端和下层第一半直杆222的一端通过铰接轴相互铰接，上层第一半直杆221的另一端和下层第一半直杆222的另一端对应与剪叉式单元21通过铰接轴相互铰接。可以了解，在可选地实施例中，第一半剪叉式单元22的第一半直杆数量并不局限于两个，具体可根据实际需求而定。
如图7所示，伸缩臂2还包括第二半剪叉式单元23，第二半剪叉式单元23一端与靠近弹性机构3的一个剪叉式单元21相互铰接，另一端与弹性机构3相互铰接。通过第二半剪叉式单元23和剪叉式单元21之间的相互转动，从而提高伸缩臂2的伸缩能力。
如图10所示，第二半剪叉式单元23包括多个第二半直杆，第二半剪叉式单元23中的多个第二半直杆的一端相互铰接，第二半剪叉式单元23中的多个第二半直杆的另一端与剪叉式单元21相互铰接。
在本实施例中，第二半剪叉式单元23包括相互铰接的两个第二半直杆，分别为上层第二半直杆231和下层第二半直杆232，上层第二半直杆231的一端和下层第二半直杆232的一端通过铰接轴相互铰接，上层第二半直杆231 的另一端和下层第二半直杆232的另一端对应与剪叉式单元21通过铰接轴相互铰接。可以了解，在可选地实施例中，第二半剪叉式单元23的第二半直杆数量并不局限于两个，具体可根据实际需求而定。
如图11所示，移动机构1分别与上层第一半直杆221的一端和下层第一半直杆222的一端通过铰接轴相互铰接，上层直杆211的一端和下层第一半直杆222的另一端通过铰接轴相互铰接，下层直杆212的一端和上层第一半直杆221的另一端相互铰接，上层直杆211的中部和下层直杆212的中部通过铰接轴相互铰接，上层直杆213的一端和下层直杆212的另一端通过铰接轴相互铰接，下层直杆214的一端和上层直杆211的另一端通过铰接轴相互铰接，上层直杆213的中部和下层直杆214的中部通过铰接轴相互铰接，上层直杆215的一端和下层直杆214的另一端通过铰接轴相互铰接，下层直杆216的一端和上层直杆213的另一端通过铰接轴相互铰接，上层直杆215的中部和下层直杆216的中部通过铰接轴相互铰接，上层第二半直杆231的一端和下层直杆216的另一端通过铰接轴相互铰接，下层第二半直杆232的一端和上层直杆215的另一端通过铰接轴相互铰接，上层第二半直杆231的另一端和下层第二半直杆232的另一端通过铰接轴相互铰接。上层第二半直杆231的一端、第一连接件3111的一端以及下层直杆216的另一端从上至下通过铰接轴依次铰接，上层直杆215的另一端、第二连接件3121以及下层第二半直杆232的一端从上至下通过铰接轴依次铰接，第一支撑板321的一端、上层第二半直杆231的另一端、下层第二半直杆232的另一端以及第二支撑板322的一端从上至下通过铰接轴依次铰接，第一限位件331的一端、上层直杆215的中部、下层直杆216的中部以及第二限位件332的一端从上至下通过铰接轴依次铰接。
如图12所示，移动机构1包括车体11以及设置在车体11上的车轮12和电机组件13，车轮12和电机组件13传动连接，电机组件13用于驱动车轮12转动和转向。
电机组件13包括第一电机131和第二电机132，第一电机131和第二电机132分别设置在车体11上，车轮12分别与第一电机131和第二电机132传动连接，第一电机131用于驱动车轮12转动，第二电机132用于驱动车轮 12转向。通过第二电机132能够改变车轮12的转向，从而改变管道机器人10在行进过程中的姿态，以使管道机器人10在管道内移动时能够躲避障碍，从而提高管道机器人的适用性。
移动机构1还包括第二限位组件14，第二限位组件14用于限制车体11相对伸缩臂2旋转，从而保证管道机器人在行进过程中，使车体11相对伸缩臂2的角度始终保持不变，从而提高管道机器人在行进过程中的可靠性。
第二限位组件14包括第三限位件141和第四限位件142，第三限位件141设置在车体11上，第四限位件142设置在伸缩臂2上，第四限位件142具有限位通孔，第三限位件141穿设在限位通孔内，以限制车体11相对伸缩臂2发生旋转。通过第三限位件141和限位通孔的相互配合，从而使车体11相对伸缩臂2的角度始终保持不变。
在本实施例中，第三限位件141为杆状结构。可以了解，在可选地实施例中，第三限位件141并不局限于杆状结构，具体可根据实际情况而定。
在本实施例中，第四限位件142为块状结构。可以了解，在可选地实施例中，第四限位件142并不局限于块状结构，具体可根据实际情况而定。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是在本发明的发明构思下，利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构变换，或直接/间接运用在其他相关的技术领域均包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种管道机器人，其特征在于，包括移动机构、伸缩臂以及弹性机构，所述伸缩臂设置在所述弹性机构上，所述移动机构设置在所述伸缩臂远离所述弹性机构的一端上，所述移动机构可沿管道内壁移动，以带动所述伸缩臂和所述弹性机构沿管道移动，当所述移动机构移动到所述管道管径较小的位置时，所述伸缩臂用于在所述管道内壁的挤压下收缩，以使所述移动机构经过所述管道管径较小的位置；当所述移动机构移动到所述管道管径较大的位置时，所述伸缩臂还用于在所述弹性机构自身弹性恢复力的作用下伸展，以使所述移动机构经过管道管径较大的位置，所述弹性机构用于为所述伸缩臂提供伸展的动力。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的管道机器人，其特征在于，所述弹性机构包括弹性组件和支撑组件，所述弹性组件设置在所述支撑组件上，所述伸缩臂与所述弹性组件背离所述支撑组件的一端相互铰接，所述弹性组件用于在自身弹性恢复力的作用下使所述伸缩臂伸展，所述支撑组件用于支撑所述伸缩臂伸缩。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的管道机器人，其特征在于，所述弹性组件包括第一弹性元件和第二弹性元件，所述第一弹性元件用于在自身弹性恢复力的作用下使所述伸缩臂沿第一方向伸展，所述第二弹性元件用于在自身弹性恢复力的作用下使所述伸缩臂沿第二方向伸展。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的管道机器人，其特征在于，
    所述第一弹性元件包括第一连接件、第一导向件以及第一弹性件，所述第一导向件和所述支撑组件相互铰接，所述第一导向件远离所述支撑组件的一端具有第一导向槽，所述第一弹性件设置在所述第一导向槽内，所述第一连接件的一端设置在所述第一导向槽内并抵顶所述第一弹性件，所述伸缩臂和所述第一连接件远离所述第一弹性件的一端相互铰接，其中，所述第一弹性件在自身弹性恢复力的作用下使所述第一连接件沿所述第一导向槽朝向所述管道内壁移动，以使所述第一连接件带动所述伸缩臂沿第一方向伸展；
    所述第二弹性元件包括第二连接件、第二导向件以及第二弹性件，所述 第二导向件和所述支撑组件相互铰接，所述第二导向件远离所述支撑组件的一端具有第二导向槽，所述第二弹性件设置在所述第二导向槽内，所述第二连接件的一端设置在所述第二导向槽内并抵顶所述第二弹性件，所述伸缩臂和所述第二连接件远离所述第二弹性件的一端相互铰接，其中，所述第二弹性件在自身弹性恢复力的作用下使所述第二连接件沿所述第二导向槽朝向所述管道内壁移动，以使所述第二连接件带动所述伸缩臂沿第二方向伸展。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的管道机器人，其特征在于，所述伸缩臂和所述支撑组件相互铰接，以将所述第一连接杆的一端限制在所述第一导向槽内，所述第二连接杆的一端限制在所述第二导向槽内。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的管道机器人，其特征在于，所述弹性机构还包括第一限位组件，所述第一限位组件用于限制所述伸缩臂相对所述支撑组件发生旋转。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的管道机器人，其特征在于，所述伸缩臂包括多个剪叉式单元，在相邻两个所述剪叉式单元中，其中一个剪叉式单元的一端和另外一个剪叉式单元的一端相互铰接，所述伸缩臂中靠近所述弹性机构的一个剪叉式单元和所述弹性机构相互铰接，远离所述弹性机构的一个剪叉式单元和所述移动机构相互铰接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的管道机器人，其特征在于，所述伸缩臂还包括第一半剪叉式单元，所述第一半剪叉式单元一端与远离所述弹性机构的一个所述剪叉式单元相互铰接，另一端与所述移动机构相互铰接。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的管道机器人，其特征在于，所述伸缩臂还包括第二半剪叉式单元，所述第二半剪叉式单元一端与靠近所述弹性机构的一个所述剪叉式单元相互铰接，另一端与所述弹性机构相互铰接。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的管道机器人，其特征在于，所述移动机构包括车体以及设置在所述车体上的车轮和电机组件，所述车轮和所述电机组件传动连接，所述电机组件用于驱动所述车轮转动和转向。
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