WO2022032951A1 - 一种无音柱双音梁提琴 - Google Patents

一种无音柱双音梁提琴 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022032951A1
WO2022032951A1 PCT/CN2020/136578 CN2020136578W WO2022032951A1 WO 2022032951 A1 WO2022032951 A1 WO 2022032951A1 CN 2020136578 W CN2020136578 W CN 2020136578W WO 2022032951 A1 WO2022032951 A1 WO 2022032951A1
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Prior art keywords
groove
sound
wall
beams
panel
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PCT/CN2020/136578
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
金海鸥
吴念博
何新喜
朱信智
李碧英
杨萍
Original Assignee
苏州礼乐乐器股份有限公司
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Priority to US18/025,791 priority Critical patent/US20230368752A1/en
Priority to EP20949443.4A priority patent/EP4198963A1/en
Publication of WO2022032951A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022032951A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D1/00—General design of stringed musical instruments
    • G10D1/02—Bowed or rubbed string instruments, e.g. violins or hurdy-gurdies
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D3/00—Details of, or accessories for, stringed musical instruments, e.g. slide-bars
    • G10D3/02—Resonating means, horns or diaphragms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D3/00—Details of, or accessories for, stringed musical instruments, e.g. slide-bars
    • G10D3/22—Material for manufacturing stringed musical instruments; Treatment of the material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a bowed stringed musical instrument, in particular to a fretless double tone beam violin.
  • the so-called violin refers to the violin, viola, cello, double bass (bass) and children's violin.
  • the violin is one of the typical representatives of Western musical instruments. It is widely spread all over the world and is the most important instrument in the string group of modern orchestras. It occupies a very important position in instrumental music and is the backbone of the modern symphony orchestra.
  • the violin can be roughly divided into violin, viola, cello and double bass (bass). These four instruments belong to the violin series and have many similarities in shape, structure and structure, but it is even more difficult to talk about the differences. Enumerations such as size, playing style, etc.
  • a violin usually consists of a resonance box (speaker), headstock, fingerboard, strings, bridge, chin rest, string total, pegs, etc.
  • the resonance box is an important part that determines the quality of the violin.
  • a typical violin resonant box is composed of a panel 1, a bottom panel 2, a side panel 3, a bass beam 4, and a sound column 5, wherein the panel 1, the bottom panel 2 and the side panel 3 constitute the resonator box.
  • the shell, the bass beam 4 is bonded and fixed on the inner wall of the panel 1, and is located at the position of the bass foot of the bridge, and the sound post 5 is vertically supported between the panel 1 and the bottom plate 2, and is located at the position of the treble foot of the bridge.
  • the sound range of the violin is usually four and a half octaves, of which the treble range accounts for a quarter of the violin's range, the middle range accounts for one-half of the violin's range, and the bass range accounts for a quarter of the violin's range.
  • the current violin Due to the limitation of the traditional bass beam and sound post, the current violin has a common problem: the timbre of the high-pitched and low-pitched regions is not good, and the sound effect of the violin has not been exerted.
  • the specific performance is that the treble region is not bright, and the bass region is not rich and round enough.
  • the main reason is that the current violin resonance box cannot satisfy the good broadband vibration from the treble region to the bass region, that is, it cannot simultaneously adapt to the resonance and vibration of wide frequency changes in the treble region, mid-range region and bass region. Further research shows that there are many factors that affect the broadband vibration in the resonant box, except for the panel and the bottom plate, mainly the bass beam and the sound column.
  • the design of the bass beam and the sound column of the existing resonance box is unreasonable, which is not conducive to the sound wave resonance and vibration of the resonance box from the high-pitched region to the low-frequency region.
  • the sound column is supported between the panel and the bottom plate in the resonance box, and is located at the position of the treble foot of the bridge, which mainly plays a mechanical role, but does not play a good acoustic role.
  • the bass beam is fixed on the bottom surface of the panel in the resonance box, and is located at the position of the bass foot of the bridge, and it does not play a very good acoustic effect.
  • the present invention provides a fretless double-sound beam violin, which aims to solve the problem that the existing violin resonant box cannot take into account the high, middle and low frequency regions and simultaneously have good resonant timbre.
  • a column-less double-sound beam violin comprising a resonance box, the box shell of the resonance box is assembled by a panel, a bottom plate and a side plate, and its innovation lies in:
  • the resonance box is provided with two upper sound beams, the upper sound beams are elongated sound beam members, one side of the two upper sound beams is closely fixed on the inner wall of the panel, and the other side of the two upper sound beams is fixed on the inner wall of the panel. Relative to the bottom plate suspended in the resonance box, the length direction of the two upper sound beams is consistent with the length direction of the resonance box, and the two upper sound beams are juxtaposed and separated by a distance from the width direction of the resonance box.
  • the inner wall of the panel is provided with a first groove and a second groove, the first groove and the second groove are arranged on the inner wall of the panel cross and pass through each other, wherein the second groove is located between the two upper sound beams.
  • the length direction of the second groove is consistent with the length direction of the upper sound beam; the first groove spans the two upper sound beams in the width direction of the resonance box, and forms an upper transverse sound tunnel on the inner wall of the panel.
  • the second groove forms an upper longitudinal sound tunnel on the inner wall of the panel.
  • the "sound box” is also called a sound box or a piano body for a violin.
  • the length direction of the violin sound box is about the same as the strings, and the width direction of the sound box is the direction perpendicular to the length direction.
  • the “inner wall” refers to the inner wall surface for the resonance box.
  • the inner wall of the panel refers to the wall surface close to the inner side of the panel of the resonance box
  • the inner wall of the bottom plate refers to the wall surface close to the inner side of the bottom plate of the resonance box.
  • two lower sound beams can also be provided in the resonance box, the lower sound beams are elongated sound beam components, and one side of the two lower sound beams is closely fixed on the inner wall of the bottom plate. , the other side of the two lower sound beams is close to the panel and suspended in the resonance box, the length direction of the two lower sound beams is consistent with the length direction of the resonance box, and the two lower sound beams are viewed from the width direction of the resonance box. side by side and at a distance.
  • a third groove and a fourth groove are opened on the inner wall of the bottom plate, and the third groove and the fourth groove are arranged on the inner wall of the bottom plate to cross each other and pass through each other, wherein the fourth groove is located on the two lower notes.
  • the position between the beams, the length direction of the fourth groove is consistent with the length direction of the lower sound beam; the third groove spans the two lower sound beams in the width direction of the resonance box, and forms a lower transverse beam on the inner wall of the bottom plate
  • the sound tunnel, the fourth groove forms a lower longitudinal sound tunnel on the inner wall of the bottom plate.
  • struts may be provided at the positions where the first groove intersects the upper sound beam, one end of the strut abuts on the bottom of the first groove, and the other end abuts on the upper sound beam.
  • the upper bridge hole is a hole on one side of the upper sound beam and makes the upper sound beam form an upper bridge type sound beam structure, and the upper bridge hole is erected on the first on the groove.
  • a lower bridge hole may also be provided on the lower sound beam, the lower bridge hole is a hole on one side of the lower sound beam, and the lower sound beam forms a lower bridge sound beam structure, and the lower bridge hole is erected on the third groove.
  • an upper reinforcing plate may be fixedly framed between the two upper sound beams, or a lower reinforcing plate may be fixedly framed between the two lower sound beams.
  • the length of the first groove is less than the length of the panel at the corresponding position of the first groove, and a smooth transition surface is provided between the two ends of the first groove and the inner wall of the panel;
  • the second groove The length of the groove is less than the length of the panel at the corresponding position of the second groove, and smooth transition surfaces are provided between both ends of the second groove and the inner wall of the panel.
  • the length of the third groove is less than the length of the bottom plate at the corresponding position of the third groove, and both ends of the third groove and the inner wall of the bottom plate are provided with smooth transition surfaces;
  • the length of the fourth groove corresponds to the position, and both ends of the fourth groove and the inner wall of the bottom plate are provided with smooth transition surfaces.
  • the thicknesses of the front panel and the bottom panel are both thick in the central area and thin in the surrounding area with a thickness gradient structure.
  • the first groove, the second groove, the third groove and the fourth groove are all arc-shaped grooves.
  • the design principle and concept of the present invention are as follows: in order to solve the problem that the existing violin resonant box cannot take into account the high, medium and low frequency regions and have good resonant timbre at the same time, the present invention is suitable for the existing violin resonant box, especially the bass beam and the sound column in the resonant box. The design has been completely improved.
  • the original sound column design is canceled;
  • the original sound column fixed on the inner wall of the panel is changed to two upper sound beams fixed side by side on the inner wall of the panel;
  • upper cross-shaped grooves ie, the first groove and the second groove
  • the upper cross-shaped grooves form an upper transverse sound tunnel and an upper longitudinal sound tunnel on the inner wall of the panel.
  • the main reason for the poor sound in the treble and bass regions of the violin is due to the unreasonable design of the bass beam and sound post in the resonance box. Accordingly, the inventor broke the constraints of the traditional design of bass beams and sound columns in the violin resonance box, and boldly proposed an improved design scheme of the present invention.
  • This improved design scheme changes the free vibration mode of the resonance box in the past to the current standard vibration. From the perspective of vibration, resonance and sound production, it solves the problem that the high-pitched area of the violin cannot be bright, and the low-pitched area is not rich and round enough. Practice has proved that this improved design scheme has outstanding substantive characteristics and significant technical progress, and has achieved obvious technical effect.
  • the present invention has the following advantages and effects compared with the existing violin sound box (the best embodiment, that is, the content of the embodiment of the present invention will be described):
  • the present invention cancels the sound column, and is provided with a double sound beam structure in the center of the panel and the bottom plate (that is, two upper sound beams are arranged side by side on the inner wall of the panel, and two lower sound beams are arranged side by side on the inner wall of the bottom plate), because the bass is relatively
  • the treble amplitude is large and the frequency is low, the bass resonance is concentrated in the central area of the resonance box, and the treble resonance is concentrated in the surrounding edge area of the resonance box. Since the thickness of the violin's panel and bottom plate are both thick in the central area and thin in the surrounding area, the thickness of the central area of the violin is strengthened, and the strength of the central area of the panel and the bottom plate is strengthened. Relatively speaking, it also changes the thickness gap between the central area and the surrounding edge area of the resonant box, which is beneficial to improving the treble. The regional timbre and sound quality played a good role.
  • upper cross-shaped grooves ie, the first groove and the second groove
  • the upper cross-shaped groove actually forms an upper cross-shaped sound tunnel on the inner wall of the panel.
  • lower cross-shaped grooves ie, the third groove and the fourth groove
  • the lower cross-shaped grooves actually form a lower cross-shaped sound tunnel on the inner wall of the bottom plate. Due to the large amplitude and low frequency of the bass relative to the treble, the bass resonance is concentrated in the central area of the resonance box, and the treble resonance is concentrated in the surrounding edge area of the resonance box.
  • the tunnel and the lower cross-shaped sound tunnel (that is, the sound tunnel) are rapidly transmitted around the resonance box, which plays a key role in improving the timbre and sound quality of the high-pitched region, and also plays a good role in improving the timbre and sound quality of the low-pitched region.
  • the combined design of the double sound beam and the cross-shaped sound tunnel of the present invention divides the space corresponding to the resonance box panel into four resonance areas in a top view, and at the same time, divides the space corresponding to the resonance box bottom plate into four resonance areas. , a total of eight resonance areas.
  • the improvement premise is that only four sound waves can be generated when playing the piano, that is, the space corresponding to the panel forms a resonance area, and the space corresponding to the bottom plate forms a resonance area, a total of two resonance areas, each resonance area generates a sound wave volume, plus one The sine wave volume, plus a firing wave volume, totals four sonic volumes.
  • the violin of the present invention can generate ten sound waves when playing, wherein, eight resonance regions generate eight sound waves, plus one sine wave, and one firing wave, for a total of ten sound waves.
  • the volume of sound waves is the number of sound waves.
  • the design of the present invention can obviously improve the timbre of the high-pitched region and the low-pitched region, and increase the penetrating power of the high-pitched region and the low-pitched region.
  • the sound beam is designed into a bridge-type sound beam structure, especially a hole is designed on one side of the sound beam, so that the sound beam is like a bridge arch structure.
  • a sound beam is erected on the sound tunnel, it is more conducive to transmit vibration through the sound tunnel, and it is also more conducive to the resonance of the resonance box.
  • a strut is arranged between the first groove and the upper sound beam, on the one hand, the support strength between the panel and the upper sound beam can be strengthened, and on the other hand, it does not prevent the sound wave from passing through the first groove from the central area. Pass around.
  • the first groove, the second groove, the third groove and the fourth groove of the present invention all adopt arc grooves, which can make the thickness of the panel and the bottom plate to minimize the sudden change in thickness, which affects the resonance and sound of the resonance box. vibration.
  • the upper reinforcing plate is fixedly erected between the two upper sound beams
  • the lower reinforcing plate is fixedly erected between the two lower sound beams.
  • One of its functions is to increase the middle area of the panel and the bottom plate, especially between the upper sound beams. and the strength between the lower bracing, the second is to increase the load when the two upper bracing and the two lower bracing resonate, improve the tone of the bass region, and better solve the problem of insufficient roundness in the bass region.
  • Strengthening the central area of the resonant box relatively speaking, also widens the intensity gap with the surrounding edge area of the resonant box, which is also conducive to improving the tone and sound quality of the high-pitched area.
  • the measures of setting the double sound beam structure and opening the grooves on the inner wall of the panel are more important than the equivalent measures on the inner wall of the bottom plate, and the effect and effect are relatively better.
  • the reason is that there are bridges and strings on the top plate, and the bottom plate is not directly connected to the bridges and strings. Therefore, the key to solving the technical problem of the present invention is to set the double-sound beam structure and open the grooves on the inner wall of the panel, and to set the double-sound beam structure and open the grooves on the inner wall of the bottom plate is the icing on the cake for the present invention, which is a skill in the art. Easy for people to understand.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a violin sound box according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of two upper bridge-type sound beams in a violin sound box according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of two lower bridge-type sound beams in a violin sound box according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a front view of the inner wall of the panel and the upper bridge-type sound beam in the violin sound box according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a front view of the inner wall of the bottom plate and the lower bridge-type sound beam in the violin sound box according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a box shell of a violin sound box according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a front view of the inner wall of the panel in the violin sound box according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a front view of the inner wall of the bottom plate in the violin sound box according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the resonance box with the addition of an upper reinforcement plate between the upper sound beams and a lower reinforcement plate between the lower sound beams of the present invention
  • FIG. 14 is a front view of the inner wall of the resonance box panel with an upper reinforcing plate added between the upper sound beams according to the present invention
  • FIG. 15 is a front view of the inner wall of the bottom plate of the resonance box with a lower reinforcing plate added between the lower sound beams according to the present invention.
  • Embodiment a fretless two-beam violin
  • the violin is composed of a resonance box, a headstock, a fingerboard, strings, a bridge, a chin rest, a string total, and a peg. Since the innovation of the present invention is focused on the sound box, this embodiment will focus on describing the structure and structure of the violin sound box, while the headstock, fingerboard, strings, bridge, chin rest, string head, peg and other structures will be described. It can be considered that the prior art is used to implement, and details are not described in this embodiment.
  • a violin sound box is taken as an example to further describe the structure and structure of the sound box: as shown in Figure 3-12, the box shell of the violin sound box is assembled by a panel 1, a bottom plate 2 and a side plate 3 (see Figure 3-12). 3 and Figure 10).
  • the upper sound beam 6 is provided with an upper bridge hole 12, and the upper bridge hole 12 is a hole on one side of the upper sound beam 6 and makes the upper sound beam 6 form an upper bridge type sound beam structure (see Fig. 4), and the upper bridge hole 12 is erected on the first on a groove 8.
  • the lower sound beam 7 is provided with a lower bridge hole 13, and the lower bridge hole 13 is a hole on one side of the lower sound beam 7 and makes the lower sound beam 7 form a lower bridge sound beam structure (see Figure 5), and the lower bridge hole 13 is erected on the third on the groove 10.
  • One side of the two upper sound beams 6 is closely fixed on the inner wall of the panel 1, and the other side of the two upper sound beams 6 is suspended in the resonance box with respect to the bottom plate 2, and the length directions of the two upper sound beams 6 are the same as The length direction of the resonance box is the same, and the two upper sound beams 6 are parallel and juxtaposed in the width direction of the resonance box (see Figs. 3 and 6 ).
  • One side of the two lower sound beams 7 is closely fixed on the inner wall of the bottom plate 2, and one side of the two lower sound beams 7 is suspended in the resonance box relative to the panel 1.
  • the length of the two lower sound beams 7 The direction is the same as the length direction of the resonance box. Seen in the width direction of the resonance box, the two lower sound beams 7 are parallel and juxtaposed at a distance (see Figures 3 and 9).
  • the inner wall of the panel 1 is provided with a first groove 8 and a second groove 9 (see FIGS. 7 , 8 and 11 ).
  • the first groove 8 and the second groove 9 are formed on the inner wall of the panel 1 . Cross and penetrate each other (see Fig. 11 ), wherein the second groove 9 is located between the two upper sound beams 6, and the length direction of the second groove 9 is consistent with the length direction of the upper sound beam 6 (see Fig. 6 ) ).
  • the first groove 8 spans the two upper sound beams 6 in the width direction of the resonance box, and forms an upper transverse sound tunnel on the inner wall of the panel 1 (see FIGS. 6 and 7 ).
  • An upper longitudinal sound tunnel is formed on the inner wall (see Figures 6 and 8).
  • a strut 16 is provided at the position where the first groove 8 crosses the upper sound beam 6 , one end of the strut 16 is pressed against the bottom of the first groove 8 , and the other end is pressed against the upper sound beam 6 (see Figure 7).
  • the length of the first groove 8 is less than the length of the panel 1 at the corresponding position of the first groove 8, and smooth transition surfaces are provided between both ends of the first groove 8 and the inner wall of the panel 1 (see FIG. 11 ) .
  • the length of the second groove 9 is less than the length of the panel 1 at the corresponding position of the second groove 9 , and smooth transition surfaces are provided between both ends of the second groove 9 and the inner wall of the panel 1 (see FIG. 11 ).
  • the inner wall of the bottom plate 2 is provided with a third groove 10 and a fourth groove 11 (see FIGS. 3 and 12 ).
  • the third groove 10 and the fourth groove 11 cross on the inner wall of the bottom plate 2 and Through each other (see FIG. 12 ), the fourth groove 11 is located between the two lower sound beams 7 , and the length direction of the fourth groove 11 is consistent with the length direction of the lower sound beam 7 (see FIG. 9 ).
  • the third groove 10 spans the two lower sound beams 7 in the width direction of the resonance box, and forms a lower transverse sound tunnel on the inner wall of the bottom plate 2 (see FIG. 3 ), and the fourth groove 11 is on the inner wall of the bottom plate 2 The lower longitudinal sound tunnel is formed.
  • the length of the third groove 10 is smaller than the length of the bottom plate 2 at the corresponding position of the third groove 10 , and smooth transition surfaces are provided between both ends of the third groove 10 and the inner wall of the bottom plate 2 (see FIG. 12 ) .
  • the length of the fourth groove 11 is smaller than the length of the bottom plate 2 at the corresponding position of the fourth groove 11 , and smooth transition surfaces are provided between both ends of the fourth groove 11 and the inner wall of the bottom plate 2 (see FIG. 12 ).
  • the thicknesses of the front panel 1 and the bottom panel 2 are both thick in the central area and thin in the surrounding area with a thickness gradient structure (see FIGS. 3 and 7 ).
  • the first groove 8 , the second groove 9 , the third groove 10 and the fourth groove 11 are arc grooves (see FIGS. 3 , 7 and 8 ).
  • the two upper sound beams 6 one upper sound beam 6 is located at the position corresponding to the bass foot of the violin bridge, and another upper sound beam 6 is located at the corresponding position of the treble foot of the violin bridge (not shown in the figure). Show).
  • the two lower bracing beams 7 and the two upper bracing beams 6 are arranged correspondingly in the up-down direction (see FIG. 3 ).
  • the shape and size of the two upper bracing beams 6 are the same (see FIG. 4 ).
  • the shape and size of the two lower bracing beams 7 are the same (see FIG. 5 ).
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and can be viola, cello, double bass (bass), or even children's violin. This is easily understood and accepted by those skilled in the art.
  • measures such as double-sound beam structures and cross-shaped grooves are provided on the inner walls of the panel 1 and the bottom panel 2.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, the measures such as double sound beams and cross-shaped grooves used on the inner wall of the bottom plate 2 can be cancelled or changed to other structural forms, and it is also feasible to only retain the technical measures provided on the inner wall of the panel 1, but only The effect is slightly worse.
  • the panel 1 is more important than the bottom panel 2 for the violin sound box. The reason is that the front panel 1 is provided with bridges and strings, while the bottom plate 2 is not directly connected to the bridges and strings, which is easily understood by those skilled in the art.
  • the inner walls of the panel 1 and the bottom panel 2 are both provided with double-sound beam structures. That is, two upper sound beams 6 are arranged on the panel 1 , and two lower sound beams 7 are arranged on the bottom plate 2 .
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and two upper bracing beams 6 can be changed in form to four upper bracing beams 6 used in parallel.
  • the number and form of the four upper bracing beams 6 and the two upper bracing beams 6 are different, their essence is the same. Assuming that the two outer bracings in the four upper bracing 6 are close to the two inner bracings, it can be equivalent to double bracing.
  • the double-sound beam structure on the bottom plate 2 should also include such changes.
  • the double-sound beams include the meaning of the symmetrical arrangement of the double-sound beams, so the symmetrical arrangement of the six-sound beams is also an equivalent variation of the present invention. This is easily understood by those skilled in the art.
  • the two upper sound beams 6 are parallel and juxtaposed in the width direction of the resonance box (see FIG. 6 ).
  • Two lower bracing beams 7 are juxtaposed in parallel (see Figure 9).
  • the present invention is not limited to this, the two upper bracing beams 6 do not have to be parallel, and the two lower bracing beams 7 do not necessarily have to be parallel, but parallel arrangement is the best, which is easily understood and accepted by those skilled in the art.
  • a strut 16 is provided at the position where the first groove 8 and the upper sound beam 6 intersect. on beam 6.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and the support column 16 may not be provided. It is also possible to simultaneously provide struts 16 between the first groove 8 and the upper bracing 6 and between the third groove 10 and the lower bracing 7 . This is easily understood and accepted by those skilled in the art.
  • the upper sound beam 6 is provided with the upper bridge hole 12
  • the lower sound beam 7 is provided with the lower bridge hole 13 .
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and the upper bridge hole 12 may not be provided, the lower bridge hole 13 may not be provided, or even only one bridge hole may be provided. This is easily understood and accepted by those skilled in the art.
  • the two upper sound beams 6 are fixed on the inner wall of the panel 1 in parallel and juxtaposed, and the two upper sound beams 6 are suspended in the resonance box (see FIG. 3 ).
  • an upper reinforcing plate 17 can be fixedly erected between the two upper sound beams 6 (see FIGS. 13 and 14 ).
  • two lower sound beams 7 are fixed on the inner wall of the bottom plate 2 in parallel and juxtaposed, and the two lower sound beams 7 are suspended in the resonance box (see FIG. 3 ).
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and a lower reinforcing plate 18 can be fixedly erected between the two lower sound beams 7 (see FIGS.
  • the upper reinforcing plate 17 and the lower reinforcing plate 18 can increase the strength of the middle area of the panel and the bottom plate, especially between the upper sound beam and the lower sound beam, and secondly, it can increase the strength of the two upper sound beams and the two lower sound beams. load at resonance.
  • the first groove 8, the second groove 9, the third groove 10 and the fourth groove 11 are all arc-shaped grooves.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and the grooves can be designed into other shapes, such as concave structures such as V-shape, U-shape, and W-shape. This is easily understood and accepted by those skilled in the art.
  • one upper sound beam 6 is located at the position corresponding to the bass foot of the violin bridge, and the other upper sound beam 6 is located at the position corresponding to the treble foot of the violin bridge.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and can deviate from these positions, which can be specifically determined according to the tuning of the sound and sound quality of the sound box. This is easily understood and accepted by those skilled in the art.
  • the two lower bracing beams 7 and the two upper bracing beams 6 are arranged correspondingly in the up-down direction (see FIG. 3 ).
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and the arrangement may not be aligned, which may be determined according to the tuning of the sound and sound quality of the sound box. This is easily understood and accepted by those skilled in the art.
  • the shape and size of the two upper sound beams 6 are the same (see FIG. 4 ).
  • the shape and size of the two lower bracing beams 7 are the same (see Figure 5).
  • the present invention is not limited to this, the shapes and sizes of the two upper bracing beams 6 may be different, and the shapes and sizes of the two lower bracing beams 7 may also be different.
  • the specific can be determined according to the sound box debugging tone and sound quality. This is easily understood and accepted by those skilled in the art.

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Abstract

一种无音柱双音梁提琴，包括共鸣箱，该共鸣箱由面板（1）、底板（2）和侧板（3）拼合而成，在面板（1）内壁上并列固定设置两根上音梁（6）；在底板（2）内壁上并列固定设置两根下音梁（7）；在面板（1）内壁上开设上十字形沟槽，该上十字形沟槽在面板（1）内壁上形成上十字形音隧；在底板（2）内壁上开设下十字形沟槽，该下十字形沟槽在底板（2）内壁上形成下十字形音隧。该无音柱双音梁提琴无需在共鸣箱内设置音柱，解决了以往提琴高音区亮不出来，而低音区浑厚圆润不够的问题。该无音柱双音梁提琴的共鸣箱能够很好的兼顾高、中、低音区，同时具备良好共鸣音色。

Description

一种无音柱双音梁提琴 技术领域
本发明涉及弓弦乐器，特别涉及一种无音柱双音梁提琴。所谓提琴是指小提琴、中提琴、大提琴、低音提琴(低音贝斯)以及儿童小提琴等。
背景技术
提琴作为西洋乐器的典型代表之一。它广泛流传于世界各国，是现代管弦乐队弦乐组中最主要的乐器。在器乐中占有极重要的位置，是现代交响乐队的支柱。提琴大致可分为小提琴、中提琴、大提琴和低音提琴(低音贝斯)，这四种乐器同属于提琴系列，在外形、结构和构造方面有许多相似之处，但是要说起不同点，更是不胜枚举，例如体积大小、弹奏方式等等。
提琴通常由共鸣箱(音箱)、琴头、指板、琴弦、琴马、腮托、弦总、弦轴等组成，其中共鸣箱(音箱)是决定提琴音质好坏的重要部件。参见附图1和2所示，典型的提琴共鸣箱由面板1、底板2、侧板3、低音梁4、音柱5组成，其中，面板1、底板2和侧板3构成共鸣箱的箱壳，低音梁4粘结固定在面板1内壁，并位于琴马低音脚的位置上，音柱5竖直支撑在面板1与底板2之间，并位于琴马高音脚的位置上。提琴的音域通常为四个半八度，其中，高音区占提琴音域的四分之一，中音区占提琴音域的二分之一，低音区占提琴音域的四分之一。目前提琴由于受到传统低音梁和音柱的限制，普遍存在的问题是：高音区和低音区的音色不佳，没有发挥出提琴应有音色效果。具体表现是高音区亮不出来，而低音区浑厚圆润不够。究其原因主要是目前的提琴共鸣箱无法满足从高音区到低音区之间良好的宽频振动，即不能同时适应高音区、中音区和低音区较宽频率变化共鸣和振动。进一步研究表明共鸣箱中影响宽频振动的因素较多，除了面板和底板而外，主要是低音梁和音柱。而现有共鸣箱的低音梁和音柱设计不合理，不利于共鸣箱发挥从高音区到低音区之间良好声波共鸣和振动。比如，音柱在共鸣箱内支撑在面板与底板之间，并位于琴马高音脚的位置上，主要起到的是力学作用，而没有起到良好的声学作用。低音梁在共鸣箱内固定在面板底面，并位于琴马低音脚的位置上，也没有发挥出很好的声学作用。
有鉴于此，如何对现有提琴的共鸣箱进行改进，特别是对共鸣箱内低音梁和音柱的改进是本发明研究的课题。
发明内容
本发明提供一种无音柱双音梁提琴，其目的是要解决现有提琴共鸣箱无法兼顾高、中、低音区同时具备良好共鸣音色的问题。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：一种无音柱双音梁提琴，包括共鸣箱，该共鸣箱的箱壳由面板、底板和侧板拼合而成，其创新在于：
所述共鸣箱内设有两根上音梁，上音梁为长条状的音梁构件，两根上音梁的一侧紧贴固定在所述面板的内壁上，两根上音梁的另一侧相对于底板在共鸣箱内悬空，两根上音梁的长度方向与共鸣箱的长度方向一致，在共鸣箱的宽度方向上看两根上音梁并列且相隔一段距离。
所述面板的内壁上开设有第一沟槽和第二沟槽，第一沟槽与第二沟槽在面板的内壁上交叉布置并且相互贯通，其中，第二沟槽位于两根上音梁之间的位置，第二沟槽的长度方向与上音梁的长度方向一致；第一沟槽在共鸣箱的宽度方向上横跨两根上音梁，并在面板的内壁上形成上横向音隧，第二沟槽在面板的内壁上形成上纵向音隧。
上述技术方案中的有关内容解释如下：
1.上述方案中，主题为“提琴”，而创新点集中在提琴的“共鸣箱”上，所以没有对共鸣箱而外的琴头、指板、琴弦、琴马、腮托、弦总、弦轴等进行描述。可以认为本发明提琴中除共鸣箱而外的其它结构采用现有技术来实现。
2.上述方案中，所述“共鸣箱”对于提琴来说亦称音箱或琴身。提琴共鸣箱的长度方向是指与琴弦大约一致，共鸣箱的宽度方向是垂直于长度方向的方向。所述“内壁”对于共鸣箱来说就是指内侧的壁面，比如面板的内壁是指靠共鸣箱的面板内侧的壁面，底板的内壁是指靠共鸣箱底板内侧的壁面。
3.上述方案中，还可以在共鸣箱内设有两根下音梁，下音梁为长条状的音梁构件，两根下音梁的一侧紧贴固定在所述底板的内壁上，两根下音梁的另一侧紧贴相对于面板在共鸣箱内悬空，两根下音梁的长度方向与共鸣箱的长度方向一致，在共鸣箱的宽度方向上看两根下音梁并列且相隔一段距离。同时，在底板的内壁上开设有第三沟槽和第四沟槽，第三沟槽与第四沟槽在底板的内壁上交叉布置并且相互贯通，其中，第四沟槽位于两根下音梁之间的位置，第四沟槽的长度方向与下音梁的长度方向一致；第三沟槽在共鸣箱的宽度方向上横跨两根下音梁，并在底板的内壁上形成下横向音隧，第四沟槽在底板的内壁上形成下纵向音隧。
4.上述方案中，可以在所述第一沟槽与上音梁交叉的位置上均设置有支柱，该支柱的一端顶在第一沟槽的沟底，另一端抵在上音梁上。
5.上述方案中，可以在所述上音梁上设有上桥洞，上桥洞在上音梁的一侧为洞缺并使上音梁形成上桥式音梁结构，上桥洞架设在第一沟槽上。也可以在所述下音梁上设有下桥洞，下桥洞在下音梁的一侧为洞缺并使下音梁形成下桥式音梁结构，下桥洞架设在第三沟槽上。
6.上述方案中，可以在两根上音梁之间固定架设有上加强板，也可以在两根下音梁之间固定架设有下加强板。
7.上述方案中，所述第一沟槽的长度小于面板在第一沟槽对应位置的长度，第一沟槽的两端处与面板的内壁之间均设置有圆滑过渡面；第二沟槽的长度小于面板在第二沟槽对应位置的长度，第二沟槽的两端处与面板的内壁之间均设置有圆滑过渡面。所述第三沟槽的长度小于底板在第三沟槽对应位置的长度，第三沟槽的两端处与底板的内壁之间均设置有圆滑过渡面；第四沟槽的长度小于底板在第四沟槽对应位置的长度，第四沟槽的两端处与底板的内壁之间均设置有圆滑过渡面。
8.上述方案中，所述面板和底板的厚度均为中央区域厚而四周薄的厚度渐变构造。
9.上述方案中，所述第一沟槽、第二沟槽、第三沟槽和第四沟槽均为弧形槽。
本发明设计原理和构思是：为了解决现有提琴共鸣箱无法兼顾高、中、低音区同时具备良好共鸣音色的问题，本发明对现有提琴共鸣箱，特别是共鸣箱内的低音梁和音柱的设计进行了彻底的改进。具体体现在以下几个方面：第一，取消了原有的音柱设计；第二，将原来在面板内壁上固定设置一根低音梁，改变为在面板内壁上固定并列设置两根上音梁；第三，在面板内壁上开设有上十字形沟槽(即第一沟槽和第二沟槽)，该上十字形沟槽在面板的内壁上形成上横向音隧和上纵向音隧。本发明针对现有提琴高音区亮不出来，而低音区浑厚圆润不够的问题，对提琴共鸣箱特别是共鸣箱内部的低音梁和音柱设计以及发声机理进行了深入探讨和研究，找出了现有提琴高音区和低音区的音色不佳的主要原因是由于共鸣箱内低音梁和音柱设计不合理所致。据此，发明人打破了以往提琴共鸣箱内传统低音梁和音柱设计的束缚，大胆提出了本发明的改进设计方案，这种改进设计方案将共鸣箱以往的自由振动模式改变为现在的规范振动模式，从振动、共鸣、发声的角度解决了提琴高音区亮不出来，而低音区浑厚圆润不够的问题，实践证明该改进设计方案具有突出的实质性特点和显著的技术进步，并且获得了明显的技术效果。
由于上述技术方案的运用，本发明与现有提琴共鸣箱相比具有以下优点和效果(以最佳实施方式即本发明实施例的内容加以说明)：
1.本发明取消了音柱，在面板和底板中央均设置有双音梁结构(即在面板内壁上并列设置两根上音梁，在底板内壁上并列设置两根下音梁)，由于低音相对高音振幅大、频率低，低音共鸣集中在共鸣箱的中央区域，高音共鸣集中在共鸣箱的四周边缘区域，加强面板和底板中央区域强度，对改善低音区音色和音质起到了重要作用。由于提琴的面板和底板的厚度均为中央区域厚而四周薄的厚度渐变构造，加强了面板和底板中央区域强度，相对而言也改变了共鸣箱中央区域与四周边缘区域厚薄差距，对改善高音区音色和音质起到了良好作用。
2.本发明在面板内壁上开设有上十字形沟槽(即第一沟槽和第二沟槽)，该上十字形沟槽在面板的内壁上实际形成上十字形音隧。同时，在底板内壁上开设有下十字形沟槽(即 第三沟槽和第四沟槽)，该下十字形沟槽在底板的内壁上实际形成下十字形音隧。由于低音相对高音振幅大、频率低，低音共鸣集中在共鸣箱的中央区域，高音共鸣集中在共鸣箱的四周边缘区域，琴弦振动由十字形音隧的中心区域收集，并通过上十字形音隧和下十字形音隧(即声音的隧道)迅速向共鸣箱四周传递，这对改善高音区的音色和音质起到了关键作用，同时对改善低音区的音色和音质也起到了良好作用。
3.本发明双音梁与十字形音隧的组合设计，在俯视状态下将共鸣箱面板对应的空间分割成四个共鸣区域，同时，将共鸣箱底板对应的空间也分割成四个共鸣区域，共计八个共鸣区域。当提琴演奏时琴弦振动先传递到音隧交叉的中心区域，然后通过音隧传递至这八个共鸣区域，并产生共鸣和振动，以此将弦声放大为共鸣箱的共鸣声。改进前提琴演奏时只能产生四个声波量，即面板对应的空间形成一个共鸣区，底板对应的空间形成一个共鸣区域，共计两个共鸣区域，每个共鸣区域产生一个声波量，加上一个弦波量，再加上一个击发波量，共计四个声波量。而改进后本发明提琴演奏时可以产生十个声波量，其中，八个共鸣区域产生八个声波量，加上一个弦波量，再加上一个击发波量，共计十个声波量。声波量即声波的数量，对于具体共鸣箱的弹拔乐器来説，除了一个弦波量和一个击发波量而外，主要取决于共鸣箱内的共鸣区域数量，通常情况下乐器在演奏时每个共鸣区域产生一个声波量，有多少个共鸣区域就会产生多少个声波量。另外，声波量直接影响乐器的音色、穿透力和音量。因此本发明设计能够明显改善高音区和低音区的音色，增加高音区和低音区的穿透力。
4.本发明将音梁设计成桥式音梁结构，特别是在音梁的一侧设计有洞缺，使音梁象桥拱结构一样。当这样的音梁架设在音隧上更有利于通过音隧传递振动，也更有利于共鸣箱的共鸣。
5.本发明在第一沟槽与上音梁之间设置支柱，一方面可以加强面板与上音梁之间的支撑强度，另一方面也不防碍声波从中央区域通过第一沟槽向四周传递。
6.本发明所述第一沟槽、第二沟槽、第三沟槽和第四沟槽均采用弧形槽，可以使得面板和底板在厚度上尽量减少厚薄突变，影响共鸣箱的共鸣和振动。
7.本发明在两根上音梁之间固定架设上加强板，在两根下音梁之间固定架设下加强板，其作用一是可以增加面板和底板中部区域，特别是上音梁之间和下音梁之间的强度，二是可以增加两根上音梁和两根下音梁产生共鸣时的载荷，改进低音区的音色，更好地解决低音区浑厚圆润不够的问题，另一方面加强了共鸣箱的中央区域，相对而言也拉开了与共鸣箱四周边缘区域的强度差距，也有利于改善高音区音色和音质。
以上优点和效果均是以最佳方式来加以说明。但需要特别强调的是对于本发明来说在面板内壁上设置双音梁结构以及开设沟槽的措施比在底板内壁上采用对等措施更为重 要，相对而言作用和效果也更好。原因是面板上设有琴马和琴弦，而底板与琴马和琴弦不直接相连。因此在面板内壁上设置双音梁结构以及开设沟槽是解决本发明技术问题的关键，而在底板内壁上设置双音梁结构以及开设沟槽对于本发明来说是锦上添花，这是本领域技术人员容易理解的。
附图说明
附图1为现有提琴共鸣箱剖视图；
附图2为现有低音梁立体图；
附图3为本发明实施例提琴共鸣箱剖视图；
附图4为本发明实施例提琴共鸣箱中的两根上桥式音梁立体图；
附图5为本发明实施例提琴共鸣箱中的两根下桥式音梁立体图；
附图6为本发明实施例提琴共鸣箱中的面板内壁及上桥式音梁主视图；
附图7为图6的A-A剖视图；
附图8为图6的B-B部视图；
附图9为本发明实施例提琴共鸣箱中的底板内壁及下桥式音梁主视图；
附图10为本发明实施例提琴共鸣箱的箱壳剖视图；
附图11为本发明实施例提琴共鸣箱中的面板内壁主视图；
附图12为本发明实施例提琴共鸣箱中的底板内壁主视图；
附图13为本发明在上音梁之间增加上加强板以及在下音梁之间增加下加强板的共鸣箱剖视图；
附图14为本发明在上音梁之间增加上加强板的共鸣箱面板内壁主视图；
附图15为本发明在下音梁之间增加下加强板的共鸣箱底板内壁主视图。
以上附图中：1.面板；2.底板；3.侧板；4.低音梁；5.音柱；6.上音梁；7.下音梁；8.第一沟槽；9.第二沟槽；10.第三沟槽；11.第四沟槽；12.上桥洞；13.下桥洞；16.支柱；17.上加强板；18.下加强板。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步描述：
实施例：一种无音柱双音梁提琴
该提琴由共鸣箱、琴头、指板、琴弦、琴马、腮托、弦总、弦轴等组成。由于本发明的创新均集中在共鸣箱上，因此本实施例将重点描述提琴共鸣箱的结构和构造，而琴头、指板、琴弦、琴马、腮托、弦总、弦轴等结构可以认为采用现有技术来实现，在本实施例中不再作详细介绍。
本实施例以小提琴共鸣箱为例来进一步描述共鸣箱的结构和构造：如图3-12所示， 该小提琴共鸣箱的箱壳由面板1、底板2和侧板3拼合而成(见图3和图10)。
所述共鸣箱内设有两根上音梁6和两根下音梁7(见图3)，上音梁6和下音梁7均为长条状的音梁构件(见图4和图5)。上音梁6上设有上桥洞12，上桥洞12在上音梁6的一侧为洞缺并使上音梁6形成上桥式音梁结构(见图4)，上桥洞12架设在第一沟槽8上。下音梁7上设有下桥洞13，下桥洞13在下音梁7的一侧为洞缺并使下音梁7形成下桥式音梁结构(见图5)，下桥洞13架设在第三沟槽10上。两根上音梁6的一侧紧贴固定在所述面板1的内壁上，两根上音梁6的另一侧紧贴相对于底板2在共鸣箱内悬空，两根上音梁6的长度方向与共鸣箱的长度方向一致，在共鸣箱的宽度方向上看两根上音梁6平行并列且相隔一段距离(见图3和图6)。两根下音梁7的一侧紧贴固定在所述底板2的内壁上，两根下音梁7的一侧紧贴相对于面板1在共鸣箱内悬空，两根下音梁7的长度方向与共鸣箱的长度方向一致，在共鸣箱的宽度方向上看两根下音梁7平行并列且相隔一段距离(见图3和图9)。
所述面板1的内壁上开设有第一沟槽8和第二沟槽9(见图7、图8和图11)，第一沟槽8与第二沟槽9在面板1的内壁上呈十字交叉并且相互贯通(见图11)，其中，第二沟槽9位于两根上音梁6之间的位置，第二沟槽9的长度方向与上音梁6的长度方向一致(见图6)。第一沟槽8在共鸣箱的宽度方向上横跨两根上音梁6，并在面板1的内壁上形成上横向音隧(见图6和图7)，第二沟槽9在面板1的内壁上形成上纵向音隧(见图6和图8)。
在所述第一沟槽8与上音梁6交叉的位置上均设置有支柱16，该支柱16的一端顶在第一沟槽8的沟底，另一端抵在上音梁6上(见图7)。
所述第一沟槽8的长度小于面板1在第一沟槽8对应位置的长度，第一沟槽8的两端处与面板1的内壁之间均设置有圆滑过渡面(见图11)。第二沟槽9的长度小于面板1在第二沟槽9对应位置的长度，第二沟槽9的两端处与面板1的内壁之间均设置有圆滑过渡面(见图11)。
所述底板2的内壁上开设有第三沟槽10和第四沟槽11(见图3和图12)，第三沟槽10与第四沟槽11在底板2的内壁上呈十字交叉并且相互贯通(见图12)，其中，第四沟槽11位于两根下音梁7之间的位置，第四沟槽11的长度方向与下音梁7的长度方向一致(见图9)。第三沟槽10在共鸣箱的宽度方向上横跨两根下音梁7，并在底板2的内壁上形成下横向音隧(见图3)，第四沟槽11在底板2的内壁上形成下纵向音隧。
所述第三沟槽10的长度小于底板2在第三沟槽10对应位置的长度，第三沟槽10的两端处与底板2的内壁之间均设置有圆滑过渡面(见图12)。第四沟槽11的长度小于底板2在第四沟槽11对应位置的长度，第四沟槽11的两端处与底板2的内壁之间均设置有圆滑过渡面(见图12)。
所述面板1和底板2的厚度均为中央区域厚而四周薄的厚度渐变构造(见图3和图7)。所述第一沟槽8、第二沟槽9、第三沟槽10和第四沟槽11均为弧形槽(见图3、图7和图8)。所述两根上音梁6中，一根上音梁6位于提琴琴马的低音脚所对应的位置上，另一根上音梁6位于提琴琴马的高音脚所对应的位置上(未给出图示)。从共鸣箱的横截面上观察，所述两根下音梁7与两根上音梁6在上下方向上位置呈对应布置(见图3)。所述两根上音梁6的形状和尺寸大小相同(见图4)。所述两根下音梁7的形状和尺寸大小相同(见图5)。
下面针对本发明的其他实施情况以及结构变化作如下说明：
1.以上实施例中，虽然是针对小提琴共鸣箱给出的实施例，但本发明不局限于此，可以是中提琴、大提琴、低音提琴(低音贝斯)，甚至儿童小提琴等。这是本领域技术人员容易理解和接受的。
2.以上实施例中，在面板1和底板2内壁上均设置有双音梁结构以及均开设十字形沟槽等措施。但本发明不局限于此，可以将底板2内壁上采用的双音梁及十字形沟槽等措施取消掉或者改变为其他结构形式，仅仅保留面板1内壁上设置的技术措施也是可行的，只是效果方面稍微差一些。对于提琴共鸣箱而言面板1比底板2更为重要。原因是面板1上设有琴马和琴弦，而底板2与琴马和琴弦不直接相连，这是本领域技术人员容易理解的。
3.以上实施例中，在面板1和底板2内壁上均设置有双音梁结构。即在面板1上设有两根上音梁6，在底板2上设有两根下音梁7。但本发明不局限于此，可以将两根上音梁6从形式上改变为四根上音梁6并列使用。对于本发明来说，四根上音梁6与两根上音梁6虽然数量和形式有所不同，但其本质是相同的。假设四根上音梁6中的两根外侧音梁向两根内侧音梁靠近，就可以等同于双音梁。因此可以认为这种变化没有带来意料不到的效果，应理解为实质性等同。同理，底板2上双音梁结构也应包含如此变化。在本发明中双音梁包含有双数音梁对称布置的含意，因此六音梁对称布置也是本发明等同变化方式。这是本领域技术人员容易理解的。
4.以上实施例中，在共鸣箱的宽度方向上看两根上音梁6平行并列(见图6)。两根下音梁7平行并列(见图9)。但本发明不局限于此，两根上音梁6不一定要平行，两根下音梁7也不一定要平行，但平行设置为最佳，这是本领域技术人员容易理解和接受的。
5.以上实施例中，在第一沟槽8与上音梁6交叉的位置上均设置有支柱16，该支柱16的一端顶在第一沟槽8的沟底，另一端抵在上音梁6上。但本发明不局限于此，也可以不设支柱16。还可以在第一沟槽8与上音梁6之间以及第三沟槽10与下音梁7之间同时设置支柱16。这是本领域技术人员容易理解和接受的。
6.以上实施例中，在上音梁6上设有上桥洞12，在下音梁7上设有下桥洞13。但本 发明不局限于此，可以不设上桥洞12，也可以不设下桥洞13，甚至只设一个桥洞。这是本领域技术人员容易理解和接受的。
7.以上实施例中，两根上音梁6平行并列的固定在面板1的内壁上，且两根上音梁6在共鸣箱内悬空(见图3)。但本发明不局限于此，可以在两根上音梁6之间固定架设上加强板17(见图13和图14)。同理，以上实施例中，两根下音梁7平行并列的固定在底板2的内壁上，且两根下音梁7在共鸣箱内悬空(见图3)。但本发明不局限于此，可以在两根下音梁7之间固定架设下加强板18(见图13和图15)。上加强板17和下加强板18一是可以增加面板和底板中部区域，特别是上音梁之间和下音梁之间的强度，二是可以增加两根上音梁和两根下音梁产生共鸣时的载荷。
8.以上实施例中，所述第一沟槽8、第二沟槽9、第三沟槽10和第四沟槽11均为弧形槽。但本发明不局限于此，可以将沟槽设计成其它形状，比如V形、U形、W形等凹形结构。这是本领域技术人员容易理解和接受的。
9.以上实施例中，一根上音梁6位于提琴琴马的低音脚所对应的位置上，另一根上音梁6位于提琴琴马的高音脚所对应的位置上。但本发明不局限于此，可以偏离这些位置，具体可以根据共鸣箱调试音色和音质时来确定。这是本领域技术人员容易理解和接受的。
10.以上实施例中，从共鸣箱的横截面上观察，两根下音梁7与两根上音梁6在上下方向上位置呈对应布置(见图3)。但本发明不局限于此，可以不对齐布置，具体可以根据共鸣箱调试音色和音质时来确定。这是本领域技术人员容易理解和接受的。
11.以上实施例中，两根上音梁6的形状和尺寸大小相同(见图4)。两根下音梁7的形状和尺寸大小相同(见图5)。但本发明不局限于此，两根上音梁6的形状和尺寸大小可以不相同，两根下音梁7的形状和尺寸大小也可以不相同。具体可以根据共鸣箱调试音色和音质时来确定。这是本领域技术人员容易理解和接受的。
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种无音柱双音梁提琴，包括共鸣箱，该共鸣箱的箱壳由面板(1)、底板(2)和侧板(3)拼合而成，其特征在于：
    所述共鸣箱内设有两根上音梁(6)，上音梁(6)为长条状的音梁构件，两根上音梁(6)的一侧紧贴固定在所述面板(1)的内壁上，两根上音梁(6)的另一侧相对于底板(2)在共鸣箱内悬空，两根上音梁(6)的长度方向与共鸣箱的长度方向一致，在共鸣箱的宽度方向上看两根上音梁(6)并列且相隔一段距离；
    所述面板(1)的内壁上开设有第一沟槽(8)和第二沟槽(9)，第一沟槽(8)与第二沟槽(9)在面板(1)的内壁上交叉布置并且相互贯通，其中，第二沟槽(9)位于两根上音梁(6)之间的位置，第二沟槽(9)的长度方向与上音梁(6)的长度方向一致；第一沟槽(8)在共鸣箱的宽度方向上横跨两根上音梁(6)，并在面板(1)的内壁上形成上横向音隧，第二沟槽(9)在面板(1)的内壁上形成上纵向音隧。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的提琴，其特征在于：所述共鸣箱内设有两根下音梁(7)，下音梁(7)为长条状的音梁构件，两根下音梁(7)的一侧紧贴固定在所述底板(2)的内壁上，两根下音梁(7)的另一侧紧贴相对于面板(1)在共鸣箱内悬空，两根下音梁(7)的长度方向与共鸣箱的长度方向一致，在共鸣箱的宽度方向上看两根下音梁(7)并列且相隔一段距离；
    所述底板(2)的内壁上开设有第三沟槽(10)和第四沟槽(11)，第三沟槽(10)与第四沟槽(11)在底板(2)的内壁上交叉布置并且相互贯通，其中，第四沟槽(11)位于两根下音梁(7)之间的位置，第四沟槽(11)的长度方向与下音梁(7)的长度方向一致；第三沟槽(10)在共鸣箱的宽度方向上横跨两根下音梁(7)，并在底板(2)的内壁上形成下横向音隧，第四沟槽(11)在底板(2)的内壁上形成下纵向音隧。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的提琴，其特征在于：在所述第一沟槽(8)与上音梁(6)交叉的位置上均设置有支柱(16)，该支柱(16)的一端顶在第一沟槽(8)的沟底，另一端抵在上音梁(6)上。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的提琴，其特征在于：所述上音梁(6)上设有上桥洞(12)，上桥洞(12)在上音梁(6)的一侧为洞缺并使上音梁(6)形成上桥式音梁结构，上桥洞(12)架设在第一沟槽(8)上；
    所述下音梁(7)上设有下桥洞(13)，下桥洞(13)在下音梁(7)的一侧为洞缺并使下音梁(7)形成下桥式音梁结构，下桥洞(13)架设在第三沟槽(10)上。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的提琴，其特征在于：所述两根上音梁(6)之间固定架设有上加强板(17)，两根下音梁(7)之间固定架设有下加强板(18)。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的提琴，其特征在于：所述第一沟槽(8)的长度小于面板(1) 在第一沟槽(8)对应位置的长度，第一沟槽(8)的两端处与面板(1)的内壁之间均设置有圆滑过渡面；第二沟槽(9)的长度小于面板(1)在第二沟槽(9)对应位置的长度，第二沟槽(9)的两端处与面板(1)的内壁之间均设置有圆滑过渡面。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的提琴，其特征在于：所述第三沟槽(10)的长度小于底板(2)在第三沟槽(10)对应位置的长度，第三沟槽(10)的两端处与底板(2)的内壁之间均设置有圆滑过渡面；第四沟槽(11)的长度小于底板(2)在第四沟槽(11)对应位置的长度，第四沟槽(11)的两端处与底板(2)的内壁之间均设置有圆滑过渡面。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的提琴，其特征在于：所述第一沟槽(8)、第二沟槽(9)、第三沟槽(10)和第四沟槽(11)均为弧形槽。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的提琴，其特征在于：所述两根上音梁(6)中，一根上音梁(6)位于提琴琴马的低音脚所对应的位置上，另一根上音梁(6)位于提琴琴马的高音脚所对应的位置上。
  10. 根据权利要求2所述的提琴，其特征在于：从共鸣箱的横截面上观察，所述两根下音梁(7)与两根上音梁(6)在上下方向上位置呈对应布置。
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