WO2022029924A1 - 分散電源管理装置 - Google Patents

分散電源管理装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022029924A1
WO2022029924A1 PCT/JP2020/029998 JP2020029998W WO2022029924A1 WO 2022029924 A1 WO2022029924 A1 WO 2022029924A1 JP 2020029998 W JP2020029998 W JP 2020029998W WO 2022029924 A1 WO2022029924 A1 WO 2022029924A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
circuit
power
control
distributed power
control circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2020/029998
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
禎之 井上
航輝 松本
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Electric Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority to US18/014,747 priority Critical patent/US12407166B2/en
Priority to JP2022541406A priority patent/JP7475457B2/ja
Priority to CN202080104426.5A priority patent/CN116018740B/zh
Priority to PCT/JP2020/029998 priority patent/WO2022029924A1/ja
Priority to TW110126917A priority patent/TWI773450B/zh
Publication of WO2022029924A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022029924A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/001—Arrangements for handling faults or abnormalities, e.g. emergencies or contingencies
    • H02J3/0014—Arrangements for handling faults or abnormalities, e.g. emergencies or contingencies for preventing or reducing power oscillations in networks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Program-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04—Program control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/042—Program control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/04—Arrangements for connecting networks of the same frequency but supplied from different sources
    • H02J3/06—Controlling the transfer of power between connected networks; Controlling load sharing between connected networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in networks by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in networks by storage of energy using batteries or super capacitors with converting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
    • H02J3/46—Controlling the sharing of generated power between the generators, sources or networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
    • H02J3/46—Controlling the sharing of generated power between the generators, sources or networks
    • H02J3/466—Scheduling or selectively controlling the operation of the generators or sources, e.g. connecting or disconnecting generators to meet a demand
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
    • H02J3/46—Controlling the sharing of generated power between the generators, sources or networks
    • H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of active power
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20—Pc systems
    • G05B2219/26—Pc applications
    • G05B2219/2639—Energy management, use maximum of cheap power, keep peak load low
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2101/00—Supply or distribution of decentralised, dispersed or local electric power generation
    • H02J2101/10—Dispersed power generation using fossil fuels, e.g. diesel generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2101/00—Supply or distribution of decentralised, dispersed or local electric power generation
    • H02J2101/20—Dispersed power generation using renewable energy sources
    • H02J2101/22—Solar energy
    • H02J2101/24—Photovoltaics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/70—Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to a distributed power management device.
  • energy-creating equipment energy-creating equipment using renewable energy such as solar cells
  • energy storage equipment energy storage equipment
  • a static inverter is adopted in order to connect the energy-creating equipment and the energy-storing equipment to the AC system.
  • thermal power plants which are capable of adjusting the amount of power generation in response to fluctuations in demand, will be closed in the future from the viewpoint of reducing power generation costs including management costs as the amount of power generation by renewable energy increases.
  • the synchronous generator in a thermal power plant has a potential effect (inertial force, synchronization force, etc.) of suppressing the fluctuation when the system frequency fluctuates. Therefore, if the thermal power plant is closed, the number of synchronous generators will be reduced, and it may be difficult to secure the stability of the power system.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a method for setting control parameters of a distributed power source (static inverter) that implements virtual synchronous generator control. Specifically, Patent Document 1 describes in a distributed power source based on either a required inertial value required by a grid operator or a virtual inertial value calculated based on the specifications and operating conditions of the distributed power source. A method of generating control parameters for setting virtual inertia is disclosed.
  • the inertial force of the system intended by the system administrator is guaranteed, but each of them is caused by a change in load or a change in the amount of power generated by the energy-creating device. It is not possible to guarantee the amount of power shared by distributed power sources.
  • each storage battery when the load of the entire system increases, the virtual synchronous generator control is executed in each storage battery, and the increased power is output by the two storage batteries. At that time, if the control parameters of the virtual synchronous generator control of the two storage batteries are the same, each storage battery additionally outputs the same amount of power.
  • the present disclosure has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the purpose of the present disclosure is in a power system in which a plurality of distributed power sources having a static inverter equipped with a virtual synchronous generator control are connected.
  • a virtual synchronous generator that can divide the excess and deficiency power so that each distributed power source is equal to the ratio of the power target value even if the power consumption of the load fluctuates or the generated power of the energy-creating equipment fluctuates. It is to generate control parameters for control.
  • the distributed generation device manages a plurality of distributed power sources interconnected to the distribution system.
  • Each of the plurality of distributed power sources has a static inverter in which virtual synchronous generator control is implemented.
  • the distributed power management device is a communication circuit that communicates between a system management device that manages a distribution system and a plurality of distributed power sources, and each distributed power source is based on the information received by the communication circuit and the capacity of the plurality of distributed power sources. It is provided with an operation plan creation circuit for generating the power target value of the above, and a control parameter generation circuit for generating control parameters for virtual synchronous generator control in each distributed power source or information necessary for generating the control parameters.
  • the communication circuit is configured to receive at least one of the measurement information of each distributed power source and the command value from the system management device, and transmit a control command to each distributed power source.
  • the control parameter generation circuit generates and generates control parameters or information necessary for generating control parameters based on the information received by the communication circuit, the capacities of multiple distributed power sources, and the power target value of each distributed power source. Information necessary for generating parameters or control parameters is output to each distributed power source via a communication circuit.
  • the power prorated in a plurality of distributed power sources can be distributed as expected. Specifically, the excess / deficiency power can be prorated at a ratio equivalent to the ratio of the power target values at the time of creating the operation plan of the distributed power source.
  • FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the distribution system which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a block diagram for further explaining the structure of some equipment including the storage battery connected to the distribution system which concerns on Embodiment 1, and the distribution system.
  • It is a block diagram of CEMS which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a block diagram of the operation plan making circuit in CEMS which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a block diagram of the control parameter generation circuit in CEMS which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a block block block diagram of the power conversion apparatus for mega solar shown in FIG.
  • It is a block block diagram of the power conversion device for a storage battery for a system shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the governor control circuit shown in FIG. It is a block diagram explaining the structure of the mass point system arithmetic circuit shown in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the area covered by the virtual synchronous generator control mounted on the power conversion device for a storage battery which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the relationship between the speed adjustment rate and a system frequency at the time of sudden change of a load in the virtual synchronous generator control mounted on the power conversion device for a storage battery which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the governor control circuit shown in FIG. It is a block diagram explaining the structure of the mass point system arithmetic circuit shown in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the area covered by the virtual synchronous generator control mounted on the power conversion device for a storage battery which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the relationship between the speed adjustment rate and a
  • FIG. 1 It is a figure which shows an example of the relationship between the braking coefficient and the system frequency at the time of sudden change of a load in the virtual synchronous generator control mounted on the power conversion device for a storage battery which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic of the virtual synchronous generator control mounted on the power conversion device for a storage battery which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a figure which shows the response waveform of the frequency of the system voltage output from the static inverter when the load is suddenly changed in the virtual synchronous generator control mounted on the power conversion apparatus for storage battery which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 1 It is a figure which shows an example of the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic of the 2nd power conversion apparatus which implemented the virtual synchronous generator control which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic of the power conversion apparatus which implemented the virtual synchronous generator control which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. To explain the operation of creating the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristics of the power converter when the power target values are different by using the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristics of the power converter equipped with the virtual synchronous generator control according to the first embodiment. It is a figure of.
  • Embodiment 1 (Distribution system configuration example) First, a configuration example of a distribution system to which the distributed power management device according to the first embodiment is applied will be described. Although the three-phase system is exemplified in the first embodiment, the distribution system may be a single-phase system.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the distribution system 24 according to the first embodiment.
  • the distribution system 24 receives power from the substation 20.
  • the distribution system 24 is provided with a plurality of automatic voltage regulators (SVRs: Step Voltage Regulators) 23a to 23c.
  • the plurality of SVRs 23a to 23c are connected in series with respect to the flow of electric power.
  • the plurality of SVRs 23a to 23c include a building 112, an apartment 113, a town A100a to a town D100d, a factory 110, a power conversion device 27 for a mega solar, a power conversion device 41a to 41c for a system storage battery, and synchronous generators 30a and 30b. Is connected.
  • SVR23a to 23c are also collectively referred to as "SVR23”.
  • the power conversion devices 41a to 41c are also collectively referred to as "power conversion device 41".
  • a plurality of voltmeters 22a, 22e, 22f, 22i, 22j, 22x are arranged in the distribution system 24.
  • the voltmeters 22a, 22e, 22f, 22i, 22j, and 22x are collectively referred to as "voltmeter 22".
  • the measured values of each voltmeter 22 are transmitted to the distribution automation system 21 (hereinafter, also referred to as “DSO21”) at a predetermined cycle.
  • the DSO 21 corresponds to an embodiment of a "system management device” that manages the distribution system 24.
  • the tap position information, primary side voltage and secondary side voltage information of SVR23 are sent to DSO21.
  • the SVR 23 notifies the tap position information, the primary side voltage and the secondary side voltage information at a predetermined cycle, and at the time of tap switching, the tap position information, the primary side voltage and the secondary side voltage information. Will be notified irregularly.
  • the CEMS (Community Energy Management System) 31 includes each consumer (town 100a to 100d, factory 110, building 112, apartment 113), power conversion device 27, synchronous generators 30a, 30b, and power conversion device at predetermined cycles. Information such as various measured values is collected from 41a to 41c.
  • the CEMS 31 notifies the DSO 21 of the collected data in response to a request from the DSO 21.
  • the power consumption of consumers in towns 100a to 100d and the power generated by energy-creating equipment are measured by smart meters (not shown) installed in each consumer.
  • the CEMS 31 collects the measured values of the smart meter in a predetermined cycle (for example, a 30-minute cycle).
  • CEMS 31 corresponds to one embodiment of the "distributed power management device".
  • a mega solar 26 is connected to the power conversion device 27.
  • System storage batteries 40a to 40c are connected to the power conversion devices 41a to 41c, respectively.
  • the storage batteries 40a to 40c are large-capacity storage batteries that can be connected to the distribution system 24. In the following description, when the storage batteries 40a to 40c are generically referred to, they are also referred to as "storage battery 40".
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram for further explaining the configuration of the distribution system 24 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, a load 600, a power conversion device 41, and a storage battery 40 are connected to the distribution system 24. For the sake of simplicity, FIG. 2 shows the impedance 29 of the distribution system 24 as a centralized system.
  • the impedance 29 of the distribution system 24 is composed of a reactor component and a resistance component.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of CEMS 31 shown in FIG.
  • the CEMS 31 includes a communication circuit 11, a storage circuit 12, a control parameter generation circuit 13, an operation plan creation circuit 14, a transmission data generation circuit 15, and a control circuit 16.
  • the communication circuit 11 includes the DSO21 via the communication line 25, each consumer (town 100a to 100d, factory 110, building 112, condominium 113), power conversion device 27, synchronous generators 30a and 30b, and power conversion devices 41a to 41c. Communicate with.
  • the storage circuit 12 stores various information acquired via the communication circuit 11.
  • the various information includes measurement results and status information of each distributed power source.
  • the control parameter generation circuit 13 generates control parameters for virtual synchronous generator control mounted on each of the power converters 41a to 41c.
  • the operation plan creation circuit 14 creates an operation plan for the power conversion devices 41a to 41c based on the control command from the DSO21.
  • the operation plan of the power conversion devices 41a to 41c includes a charge / discharge plan (power target value) of the corresponding storage batteries 40a to 40c.
  • the operation plan creation circuit 14 creates an operation plan for 24 hours at intervals of 30 minutes.
  • the operation plan creation circuit 14 determines whether or not the operation plan needs to be revised based on the measurement results of the power conversion devices 41a to 41c collected every 5 minutes and the SOC information of the storage batteries 40a to 40c. judge. When it is determined that the operation plan needs to be revised, the operation plan creation circuit 14 corrects the operation plan for the period until the next control command from the DSO 21 is notified.
  • the transmission data generation circuit 15 stores the control parameters of the virtual synchronous generator control generated by the control parameter generation circuit 13 and the operation plan output from the operation plan creation circuit 14.
  • the transmission data generation circuit 15 responds to the transmission command from the control circuit 16 and outputs the stored data to the communication circuit 11.
  • the communication circuit 11 transmits the data output from the transmission data generation circuit 15 to the communication line 25 according to the control signal output from the control circuit 16.
  • the control circuit 16 is a control circuit for managing a distributed power source connected to the distribution system 24.
  • the control circuit 16 manages the operations of the communication circuit 11, the storage circuit 12, the control parameter generation circuit 13, the operation plan creation circuit 14, and the transmission data generation circuit 15.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the operation plan creating circuit 14 shown in FIG.
  • the operation plan creation circuit 14 manages the storage battery operation plan creation circuit 141, the power generation power prediction circuit 142, the power consumption prediction circuit 143, the storage battery operation plan correction circuit 144, and the management circuit 145. Includes circuit 146.
  • the storage battery operation plan creation circuit 141 includes information on the control command notified from the DSO 21, the prediction result of the power generation amount of the mega solar 26 predicted by the power generation power prediction circuit 142, and the consumer's prediction by the power consumption prediction circuit 143. Based on the information on the power consumption prediction result, the operation plan (power target value) of the power conversion devices 41a, 41b, 41c is created.
  • the control command notified from the DSO 21 to the storage battery operation plan creation circuit 141 includes a planned value of the power consumed on the downstream side of the substation 20 (power supplied to the distribution system 24).
  • the planned value of the power supply is composed of the planned value for every 30 minutes and 24 hours.
  • the generated power prediction circuit 142 acquires weather forecast information for 24 hours from a weather forecast server (not shown) via the communication circuit 11.
  • the power generation power prediction circuit 142 predicts the power generation of the mega solar 26 based on the acquired weather forecast information and the information of the database (not shown) prepared for predicting the power generation.
  • the power consumption prediction circuit 143 is based on the clock information (date, day, day, time) inside the CEMS 31 and the information in the database (not shown) prepared for predicting the power consumption, and the power consumption of each consumer. Predict the total value of.
  • the storage battery operation plan correction circuit 144 determines whether or not the operation plan needs to be revised based on the charge / discharge electric energy of the power conversion devices 41a to 41c and the power target value information via the communication circuit 11. When it is determined that the correction is necessary, the storage battery operation plan correction circuit 144 generates the correction value of the operation plan.
  • the management circuit 145 manages the creation of an operation plan for the distributed power source connected to the distribution system 24.
  • the management circuit 145 stores the power target values (charge power target value and discharge power target value) of each storage battery 40 generated by the storage battery operation plan creation circuit 141 and the storage battery operation plan correction circuit 144.
  • the management circuit 145 outputs a power target value to the control parameter generation circuit 13 and the transmission data generation circuit 15 based on the control signal output from the management circuit 146.
  • the management circuit 146 manages the operations of the storage battery operation plan creation circuit 141, the generated power prediction circuit 142, the power consumption prediction circuit 143, the storage battery operation plan correction circuit 144, and the management circuit 145.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the control parameter generation circuit 13 shown in FIG.
  • the control parameter generation circuit 13 includes a reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic calculation circuit 131, a ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic calculation circuit 132, a control parameter generation circuit 133, a virtual synchronous generator model 134, a management circuit 135, and a control. Includes circuit 136.
  • the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic calculation circuit 131 calculates the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic based on the capacity information of the static inverters (second DC / AC converter 408) of the power converters 41a to 41c.
  • the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic calculation circuit 132 calculates the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic based on the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic and the power target value information created by the operation plan creation circuit 14 (FIG. 4).
  • the control parameter generation circuit 133 includes the above ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristics, information related to the distribution system 24 notified from the DSO21 (system frequency (reference frequency Ref), ⁇ Fmax, etc.), and a static inverter (second DC / AC converter). Based on the capacity of 408), the virtual synchronous generator model 134 is used to generate control parameters for virtual synchronous generator control.
  • the virtual synchronous generator model 134 calculates the speed adjustment rate Kgd and the braking coefficient Dg using the information input from the control parameter generation circuit 133.
  • the control parameter generation circuit 133 calculates the inertial constant M using the braking coefficient Dg.
  • the management circuit 135 manages the control parameters of the virtual synchronous generator control.
  • the management circuit 135 stores and manages information such as control parameters output from the control parameter generation circuit 133, ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristics calculated by the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic calculation circuit 132, and the power target value Pref in a memory (not shown). do.
  • the control circuit 136 manages the operations of the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic calculation circuit 131, the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic calculation circuit 132, the control parameter generation circuit 133, the virtual synchronous generator model 134, and the management circuit 135.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the power conversion device 27 shown in FIG.
  • the power converter 27 includes a voltmeter 201, 206, 210, an ammeter 202, 207, 211, a first DC / DC converter 203, a first control circuit 204, and a DC bus 205. It has a first DC / AC converter 208, a second control circuit 209, and a communication interface (I / F) 212.
  • the voltmeter 201 measures the DC voltage output from the mega solar 26.
  • the ammeter 202 measures the direct current output from the mega solar 26.
  • the first DC / DC converter 203 converts the first DC voltage output from the mega solar 26 into the second DC voltage.
  • the first control circuit 204 controls the first DC / DC converter 203.
  • the DC bus 205 supplies a second DC voltage output from the first DC / DC converter 203 to the first DC / AC converter 208.
  • the voltmeter 206 measures the voltage of the DC bus 205.
  • the ammeter 207 measures the direct current output from the first DC / DC converter 203.
  • the first DC / AC converter 208 converts the DC power output from the first DC / DC converter 203 into AC power.
  • the second control circuit 209 controls the first DC / AC converter 208.
  • the voltmeter 210 measures the AC voltage output from the first DC / AC converter 208.
  • the ammeter 211 measures the alternating current output from the first DC / AC converter 208.
  • the communication I / F 212 communicates between the power conversion device 27 and the CEMS 31.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of the power conversion device 41 shown in FIG.
  • the power converter 41 includes a voltage meter 401, 406, 410, an ammeter 402, 407, 411, a second DC / DC converter 403, a third control circuit 404, and a DC bus 405. It has a second DC / AC converter 408, a fourth control circuit 409, and a communication I / F 412.
  • the voltmeter 401 measures the DC voltage output from the storage battery 40.
  • the ammeter 402 measures the direct current output from the storage battery 40.
  • the second DC / DC converter 403 converts the third DC voltage output from the storage battery 40 into the fourth DC voltage.
  • the third control circuit 404 controls the second DC / DC converter 403.
  • the DC bus 405 supplies the DC voltage output from the second DC / DC converter 403 to the second DC / AC converter 408.
  • the voltmeter 406 measures the voltage of the DC bus 405.
  • the ammeter 407 measures the direct current output from the second DC / DC converter 403.
  • the second DC / AC converter 408 converts the DC power output from the second DC / DC converter 403 into AC power.
  • the fourth control circuit 409 controls the second DC / AC converter 408.
  • the voltmeter 410 measures the AC voltage output from the second DC / AC converter 408.
  • the ammeter 411 measures the alternating current output from the second DC / AC converter 408.
  • the communication I / F 412 communicates between the power conversion device 41 and the CEMS 31.
  • a known DC / DC converter can be appropriately used for the first DC / DC converter 203 (FIG. 6) and the second DC / DC converter 403 (FIG. 7).
  • Known inverters can be used for the first DC / AC converter 208 (FIG. 6) and the second DC / AC converter 408 (FIG. 7).
  • Each of the first DC / AC converter 208 and the second DC / AC converter 408 corresponds to one embodiment of the "static inverter”.
  • the second control circuit 209 and the fourth control circuit 409 correspond to an embodiment of the "static inverter control unit".
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of the first control circuit 204 shown in FIG.
  • the first control circuit 204 includes an MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) control circuit 51, a voltage control circuit 52, a first switching circuit 53, and a fifth control circuit 54.
  • MPPT Maximum Power Point Tracking
  • the MPPT control circuit 51 executes so-called maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control based on the measured values of the voltmeter 201 and the ammeter 202.
  • MPPT maximum power point tracking
  • the MPPT control circuit 51 searches for the maximum power point of the mega solar 26 in order to take out the generated power of the mega solar 26 to the maximum.
  • the MPPT control circuit 51 generates a control command value of the first DC / DC converter 203 in order to control the DC voltage measured by the voltmeter 201 to the voltage corresponding to the maximum power point. do.
  • the voltage control circuit 52 is a first DC / DC converter 203 for maintaining the DC voltage (second DC voltage) of the DC bus 205 at a predetermined target voltage based on the measured value of the voltmeter 206. Generates the control command value of.
  • the fifth control circuit 54 outputs the control parameters and control target values of the MPPT control circuit 51 and the voltage control circuit 52, and manages the power generation state of the mega solar 26.
  • the fifth control circuit 54 further outputs the control signal of the first switching circuit 53.
  • the first switching circuit 53 controls one of the outputs of the MPPT control circuit 51 and the voltage control circuit 52 by controlling the first DC / DC converter 203 according to the control signal from the fifth control circuit 54. It is selectively output as a command value.
  • the first DC / DC converter 203 is controlled in the MPPT mode or the voltage control mode.
  • the first switching circuit 53 outputs the control command value generated by the MPPT control circuit 51.
  • the first switching circuit 53 outputs the control command value generated by the voltage control circuit 52 in the voltage control mode.
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of the second control circuit 209 shown in FIG.
  • the second control circuit 209 includes a phase detection circuit 61, a first sine wave generation circuit 62, a current control circuit 60, and a sixth control circuit 67.
  • the current control circuit 60 includes a subtractor 63, a first PI control circuit 64, a multiplier 65, a subtractor 66, a second PI control circuit 68, and a first PWM converter 69.
  • the current control circuit 60 executes a control mode that outputs electric power in synchronization with the system voltage.
  • This control mode is a control method for a general power converter for photovoltaic power generation installed in a home.
  • the phase detection circuit 61 detects the phase of the AC voltage from the waveform of the AC voltage measured by the voltmeter 210 (FIG. 6).
  • the first sine wave generation circuit 62 generates a sine wave synchronized with the waveform of the AC voltage based on the amplitude of the AC voltage measured by the voltmeter 210 and the phase information detected by the phase detection circuit 61.
  • the phase detection circuit 61 detects the zero cross point of the waveform of the AC voltage and also detects the frequency of the AC voltage from the detection result of the zero cross point.
  • the phase detection circuit 61 outputs the detected frequency of the AC voltage to the first sine wave generation circuit 62 together with the zero crossing point information.
  • the current control circuit 60 generates a control command value for controlling the first DC / DC converter 208 based on the DC voltage of the DC bus 205 measured from the voltmeter 206 (FIG. 6).
  • the subtractor 63 subtracts the DC voltage of the DC bus 205 measured by the voltmeter 206 from the target value of the DC bus voltage output from the sixth control circuit 67.
  • the subtraction value by the subtractor 63 is input to the first PI control circuit 64.
  • the multiplier 65 generates a current command value by multiplying the control command value output from the first PI control circuit 64 and the sine wave output from the first sine wave generation circuit 62.
  • the subtractor 66 calculates the deviation between the current command value output from the multiplier 65 and the current value of the AC system measured by the ammeter 211 (FIG. 6), and the calculated deviation is used as the second PI control circuit. Output to 68.
  • the second PI control circuit 68 generates a control command value so that the deviation output from the subtractor 66 becomes zero based on the control parameters (proportional gain and integration time) given by the sixth control circuit 67. do.
  • the second PI control circuit 68 outputs the generated control command value to the first PWM converter 69.
  • the first PWM converter 69 generates a control command value by executing PWM control with respect to the control command value input from the second PI control circuit 68, and the generated control command value is used as the first DC. / Output to AC converter 208.
  • the sixth control circuit 67 includes measurement results regarding the DC bus 205 output from the voltmeter 206 and the ammeter 207, measurement results regarding the AC system output from the voltmeter 210 and the ammeter 211, and the first control circuit 204.
  • the status information of the first DC / DC converter 203 output from is collected, and the collected information is notified to the CEMS 31 or the like via the communication I / F 212.
  • the sixth control circuit 67 notifies the first PI control circuit 64 and the second PI control circuit 68 of the control parameters.
  • the sixth control circuit 67 notifies the CEMS 31 of the information regarding the active power and the inactive power measured by the effective voltage measuring unit (not shown) of the AC system via the communication I / F212.
  • the sixth control circuit 67 notifies the fifth control circuit 54 of the measured values such as the effective voltage and the active power of the AC system.
  • the effective value of the fifth control circuit 54 for example, the system voltage exceeds a predetermined value, the control of the mega solar 26 is switched from the MPPT control to the voltage control to suppress the increase in the system voltage.
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of the third control circuit 404 shown in FIG. 7.
  • the third control circuit 404 includes a charge control circuit 71, a discharge control circuit 72, a second switching circuit 73, and a seventh control circuit 74.
  • the charge control circuit 71 generates a control command value of the second DC / DC converter 403 when performing charge control of the storage battery 40.
  • the discharge control circuit 72 generates a control command value of the second DC / DC converter 403 when the discharge control of the storage battery 40 is performed.
  • the seventh control circuit 74 outputs control parameters, control target values, and the like to the charge control circuit 71 and the discharge control circuit 72.
  • the seventh control circuit 74 manages the charge power amount (SOC), charge power (charge current), discharge power (discharge current), and the like of the storage battery 40.
  • the seventh control circuit 74 outputs the control signal of the second switching circuit 73.
  • the second switching circuit 73 controls one of the outputs of the charge control circuit 71 and the discharge control circuit 72 by controlling the second DC / DC converter 403 according to the control signal from the seventh control circuit 74. It is selectively output as a command value. Specifically, the second switching circuit 73 outputs the control command value generated by the charge control circuit 71 when the charge of the storage battery 40 is instructed. On the other hand, the second switching circuit 73 outputs the control command value generated by the discharge control circuit 72 when the discharge of the storage battery 40 is instructed.
  • FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of the fourth control circuit 409 shown in FIG. 7.
  • the fourth control circuit 409 includes an AC frequency detection circuit 81, an effective power calculation circuit 82, a virtual synchronous generator control circuit 83, an inverter current control circuit 84, an inverter voltage control circuit 85, and a third control circuit. It has a switching circuit 86 and an eighth control circuit 87.
  • the AC frequency detection circuit 81 detects the phase of the AC voltage from the waveform of the AC voltage measured by the voltmeter 410 (FIG. 7).
  • the zero cross point is detected from the waveform of the AC voltage
  • the frequency is detected from the time interval of the detected zero cross point.
  • the method for detecting the frequency of the AC voltage is not limited to the method using the detection result of the zero cross point.
  • the effective power calculation circuit 82 calculates the effective power using the information of the AC voltage and the AC current measured by the voltmeter 410 and the ammeter 411 (FIG. 7).
  • the effective power is calculated by integrating the power for one cycle of the AC voltage waveform based on the zero cross point detection information and the AC frequency information output from the AC frequency detection circuit 81.
  • the method for calculating the effective power is not limited to the above method, and for example, when the AC system is a three-phase AC, the effective power may be calculated by using DQ conversion or the like.
  • the virtual synchronous generator control circuit 83 is a second DC / AC converter based on the frequency information of the AC voltage output from the AC frequency detection circuit 81 and the AC effective power information output from the effective power calculation circuit 82.
  • the 408 (static inverter) is provided with the inertial force, synchronization force, and braking force possessed by the synchronous generator.
  • Synchronous generators typically used for thermal power generation have a function to adjust the output power according to the frequency (governor function), a function to maintain the angular velocity (inertial force), and a function to synchronize with the system voltage (synchronization force).
  • It has a function to adjust the voltage of the backbone system (AVR function: Automatic Voltage Regulation function), and a function to continue operation even when the AC system voltage drops momentarily in the event of a system accident.
  • the static inverter is made to simulate the function of the synchronous generator.
  • the governor function, the function simulating the mass point system model (dynamic characteristics of the rotating machine) based on the sway equation, and the function simulating the AVR function are simulated.
  • FIG. 45 shows a conceptual diagram for explaining a virtual synchronous generator control technique. Since the AVR function of the synchronous generator is a function controlled mainly based on the output voltage command or the ineffective power command value notified from the host system (CEMS31 in the first embodiment), the embodiment is implemented. Not implemented in 1.
  • the governor function and the function simulating the mass point system model based on the sway equation will be specifically described.
  • the governor in a power plant has a function of controlling the output power of a generator by controlling the output of a gas turbine or a steam turbine in thermal power generation and nuclear power generation, or the guide vane of a water turbine in hydroelectric power generation.
  • the frequency of the system voltage drops.
  • the governor is provided with a droop characteristic, so that the generator is controlled so as to increase the generated power when the frequency of the system voltage decreases.
  • the generator is controlled so as to reduce the generated power.
  • FIG. 45 is a diagram schematically showing the governor function. As shown in FIG. 45, as the angular velocity ⁇ of the synchronous generator increases, the valve that regulates the inflow of energy moves to the right, so that the energy supplied to the synchronous generator decreases. On the other hand, when the angular velocity ⁇ of the synchronous generator decreases, the valve moves to the left side, so that the energy supplied to the synchronous generator increases. As a result, the energy output from the synchronous generator can be independently controlled by the frequency of the system voltage at its own end (that is, the angular velocity ⁇ of the synchronous generator).
  • the synchronous generator has a rotor having a unit inertia constant M.
  • M the unit inertia constant
  • the synchronous generator converts the rotational energy stored in the rotor into electric power and outputs it to the AC system.
  • the angular velocity (rotational speed) of the rotor decreases, the energy supplied by the governor control increases, so that the required power and the supplied power are balanced.
  • the following equation (2) shows a sway equation that simulates a mass point system model (generator rotor).
  • the sway equation is obtained by dividing the energy P by the angular velocity ⁇ and converting it into the torque T.
  • Tin-Tout M ⁇ d ⁇ / dt + Dg ⁇ ⁇ ... (2)
  • Dg is a braking coefficient
  • M is an inertial constant.
  • the inertial force, the synchronization force, and the control force of the synchronous generator are controlled by incorporating the equations (1) and (2) into the control of the static inverter (second DC / AC converter 408). A case of simulating power will be described.
  • the inverter current control circuit 84 generates a control command value for current controlling the second DC / AC converter 408. Since the inverter current control circuit 84 differs from the current control circuit 60 shown in FIG. 9 only in control parameters and has the same circuit configuration and operation, detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • the inverter voltage control circuit 85 generates a control command value for voltage control of the second DC / AC converter 408.
  • the third switching circuit 86 switches between the control command value from the inverter current control circuit 84 and the control command value from the inverter voltage control circuit 85 based on the output of the eighth control circuit 87.
  • the eighth control circuit 87 collects the measurement results of the DC bus 405 by the voltmeter 406 and the ammeter 407, the status information of the second DC / DC converter 403 output from the third control circuit 404, and the like. , The collected information is notified to CEMS31 or the like via the communication I / F412.
  • the eighth control circuit 87 notifies each control parameter of the virtual synchronous generator control circuit 83, the inverter current control circuit 84, and the inverter voltage control circuit 85.
  • the eighth control circuit 87 obtains information on the effective voltage of the AC system measured by the effective voltage measuring unit of the AC system (not shown) or the active power and the active power measured by the effective / reactive power measuring unit of the AC system (not shown). , Notify CEMS 31 via communication I / F 412. The eighth control circuit 87 notifies the seventh control circuit 74 of the measurement results such as the effective voltage and the active power of the AC system.
  • FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of the AC frequency detection circuit 81 shown in FIG.
  • the AC frequency detection circuit 81 includes a phase detection circuit 810, a frequency detection circuit 811 and a second sine wave generation circuit 812.
  • the phase detection circuit 810 detects the zero cross point from the waveform of the system voltage output from the voltmeter 410.
  • the phase detection method in the phase detection circuit 810 is not limited to the detection of the zero cross point.
  • the detection error of the zero cross point of the voltmeter 410 mainly the offset error
  • the amplitude detection error of the voltmeter 410 mainly the linearity error
  • the sampling cycle when sampling the system voltage waveform.
  • An error occurs due to the error of. It should be noted that an error in the sampling cycle may occur due to a variation in the time from the carrier interrupt to the actual sampling when sampling is performed using a microcomputer or the like.
  • the frequency detection circuit 811 detects the system frequency from the cycle of the zero cross point output from the phase detection circuit 810.
  • the method of detecting the system frequency is not limited to the method of detecting from the period of the zero cross point.
  • the second sine wave generation circuit 812 synchronized with the system voltage based on the detection result of the zero cross point in the phase detection circuit 810, the frequency detection result in the frequency detection circuit 811 and the amplitude of the system voltage output from the CEMS 31. Generates a sine wave.
  • the AC frequency detection circuit 81 outputs a zero cross point detection result (zero cross point detection time), a frequency detection result, and sine wave information.
  • FIG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of the inverter voltage control circuit 85 shown in FIG.
  • the inverter voltage control circuit 85 includes a third sine wave generation circuit 851, a subtractor 852, a third PI control circuit 853, and a second PWM converter 854.
  • the inverter voltage control circuit 85 is based on frequency and phase information output from the virtual synchronous generator control circuit 83 (FIG. 11) and system voltage amplitude information output from the eighth control circuit 87 (FIG. 11). Then, a control command value for controlling the second DC / AC converter 408 is generated. The amplitude information of the system voltage from the eighth control circuit 87 is input to the inverter voltage control circuit 85 via the second sine wave generation circuit 812.
  • the sine wave information (frequency, phase and amplitude information) from the AC frequency detection circuit 81 (FIG. 11) is input to the third sine wave generation circuit 851.
  • the third sine wave generation circuit 851 generates a target value of the AC voltage output from the second DC / AC converter 408 based on the input sine wave information.
  • the subtractor 852 calculates the deviation between the target value of the AC voltage from the third sine wave generation circuit 851 and the voltage measured by the voltmeter 410, and outputs the calculated deviation to the third PI control circuit 853. do.
  • the third PI control circuit 853 generates a voltage command value by performing a PI (proportional integral) operation so that the input deviation becomes zero.
  • the third PI control circuit 853 outputs the generated voltage command value to the second PWM converter 854.
  • the control parameters (control gain and integration time) in the third PI control circuit 853 are given by the eighth control circuit 87.
  • the second PWM converter 854 generates a control signal by executing PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) control using the voltage command value output from the third PI control circuit 853.
  • the second PWM converter 854 outputs the generated control signal to the second DC / AC converter 408.
  • FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of the virtual synchronous generator control circuit 83 shown in FIG.
  • the virtual synchronous generator control circuit 83 includes a subtractor 832, a governor control circuit 833, an adder 835, a subtractor 836, and a mass point system arithmetic circuit 837.
  • the subtractor 832 calculates the deviation between the measured frequency result and the reference frequency Ref output from the eighth control circuit 87.
  • the output of the subtractor 832 is input to the governor control circuit 833.
  • the governor control circuit 833 generates an offset value to be added to the power target value based on the output of the subtractor 832. The detailed operation of the governor control circuit 833 will be described later.
  • the adder 835 generates the control power target value of the mass point system calculation circuit 837 by adding the offset value output from the governor control circuit 833 and the power target value Pref input from the eighth control circuit 87. do.
  • the subtractor 836 calculates the deviation between the effective power input from the effective power calculation circuit 82 and the control power target value input from the adder 835.
  • the output of the subtractor 836 is input to the mass point system arithmetic circuit 837.
  • the mass point system calculation circuit 837 calculates the frequency and phase of the system voltage output from the power conversion device 41 so that the deviation output from the subtractor 836 becomes zero.
  • the control parameters (speed adjustment rate Kgd, governor time constant Tg, inertia constant M, and braking coefficient Dg) of the governor control circuit 833 and the quality point system calculation circuit 837 are set to the eighth control circuit 87 from CEMS 31. It shall be notified via.
  • FIG. 15 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of the governor control circuit 833 shown in FIG.
  • the governor control circuit 833 has a multiplier 91, a first-order lag model 92, and a limiter circuit 93.
  • the multiplier 91 multiplies the output of the subtractor 832 with the proportional gain (-1 / Kgd) output from the eighth control circuit 87.
  • the output of the multiplier 91 is input to the first-order lag model 92.
  • the first-order lag model 92 implements the standard model (1 / (1 + s ⁇ Tg)) of the first-order lag system presented by the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan.
  • the limiter circuit 93 performs limiter processing on the output of the first-order lag model 92.
  • FIG. 16 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of the mass point system arithmetic circuit 837 shown in FIG.
  • the quality point system calculation circuit 837 includes a subtractor 101, an integrator 102, a multiplier 103, a divider 104, an adder 105, and a phase calculation circuit 106.
  • the subtractor 101 calculates the deviation between the output of the subtractor 836 and the output of the multiplier 103.
  • the output of the subtractor 101 is input to the integrator 102.
  • the integrator 102 integrates the output of the subtractor 101 to obtain the target angular velocity (2 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ target frequency (for example, 60 Hz)) of the generator rotor shown in FIG. 45 and the angular velocity of the generator rotor. Generate a difference value ⁇ .
  • the output of the integrator 102 is input to the multiplier 103.
  • the multiplier 103 multiplies the output of the integrator 102 by the braking coefficient Dg input from the eighth control circuit 87.
  • the mass point system arithmetic circuit 837 is controlled by the second DC / AC converter 408 based on the deviation between the output of the subtractor 836 and the output of the multiplier 103 so as to simulate the braking force of the synchronous generator. It is composed.
  • the divider 104 converts the output ⁇ of the integrator 102 into a frequency difference value ⁇ f by dividing by 2 ⁇ ⁇ .
  • the adder 105 converts the frequency difference information ⁇ f into the frequency (rotation frequency) of the generator rotor by adding the target frequency (60 Hz) to the frequency difference information ⁇ f.
  • the output of the adder 105 is input to the phase calculation circuit 106.
  • the phase calculation circuit 106 calculates the phase of the generator rotor.
  • the transfer function of the sway equation of the mass system arithmetic circuit 837 will be described.
  • the transfer function of the sway equation can be expressed by using the proportional gain (1 / Dg) and the time constant (M / Dg) of the first-order lag system.
  • (1 / M ⁇ s) / ⁇ 1 + Dg / M ⁇ (1 / s) ⁇ (1 / Dg) ⁇ [1 / ⁇ 1 + (M / Dg) ⁇ s ⁇ ...
  • the governor time constant Tg in the virtual synchronous generator control and the time constant M / Dg of the mass point system calculation unit are determined based on the response speed required for the system.
  • FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an area covered by the virtual synchronous generator control mounted on the power conversion device 41.
  • the horizontal axis of FIG. 17 shows the response time, and the vertical axis shows the demand fluctuation range.
  • the virtual synchronous generator control mounted on the static inverter covers minute fluctuations and short-period fluctuations of about several tens of meters to several minutes. Fluctuations of several minutes or more can be dealt with by load frequency control (LFC) or economic load distribution control (EDC). Therefore, in the first embodiment, the response performance of the virtual synchronous generator control will be described as 1 second or less.
  • LFC load frequency control
  • EDC economic load distribution control
  • a model composed of a storage battery 40 connected to the distribution system 24 shown in FIG. 2, a power conversion device 41, an impedance 29 of the distribution system, and a load 600 is used.
  • the inverter capacity of the power conversion device 41 is set to 4 kW
  • the capacity of the load 600 is set to a maximum of 4 kW.
  • FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining virtual synchronous generator control mounted on the power conversion device 41 according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 18 shows an example of the relationship between the speed adjustment rate Kgd and the system frequency when the power consumption of the load 600 is changed without changing the power target value.
  • FIG. 18 shows the system frequency at each speed adjustment rate Kgd in the steady state when the load 600 fluctuates from 2 kW to 4 kW in the state where the power target value is notified as 2 kW from CEMS 31 in FIG.
  • the governor time constant Tg, the inertia constant M, and the braking coefficient Dg are fixed to constant values.
  • the system frequency decreases as the value of Kgd increases until Kgd reaches 0.343.
  • Kgd exceeds 0.343, it is confirmed that the system frequency converges.
  • FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining virtual synchronous generator control mounted on the power conversion device 41 according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 19 shows an example of the relationship between the braking coefficient Dg and the system frequency when the load is suddenly changed.
  • FIG. 19 shows the system frequency at each braking coefficient Dg when the power target value is notified as 2 kW from CEMS 31 in FIG. 2 and the load is changed from 2 kW to 4 kW.
  • Tg the inertia constant M
  • Kgd speed adjustment rate
  • the limit value (upper limit value and lower limit value) of the system frequency is about ⁇ 1 to 2% of the reference frequency (hereinafter, also referred to as Ref). Therefore, when the reference frequency Fref is 60 Hz, the upper limit of the system frequency is about 61.2 to 60.6 Hz, and the lower limit of the system frequency is about 59.4 to 58.8 Hz. Therefore, it is necessary to set the speed adjustment rate Kgd and the braking coefficient Dg of the governor control so that the system frequency falls within the frequency range determined by the above limit value.
  • FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an example of ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristics.
  • the horizontal axis of FIG. 20 is the differential power ⁇ P, which is the deviation of the output power of the actual power conversion device 41 with respect to the power target value.
  • the differential power ⁇ P is positive when the output power of the power conversion device 41 is larger than the power target value.
  • the vertical axis of FIG. 20 is the difference frequency ⁇ F, which is the deviation of the frequency of the AC voltage output by the power conversion device 41 with respect to the reference frequency Ref (for example, 60 Hz) of the AC system.
  • the difference frequency ⁇ F is positive when the frequency of the AC voltage output by the power conversion device 41 is higher than the reference frequency Fref.
  • ⁇ Fmax is the maximum value of the difference frequency ⁇ F.
  • the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristics shown in FIG. 20 are the capacity and speed adjustment factor Kgd of the static inverter (second DC / AC converter 408). And the braking coefficient Dg.
  • the charge of the storage battery 40 is not considered, and the power target value is set to half the capacity of the static inverter (second DC / AC converter 408).
  • the system frequency when the power consumption of the load 600 becomes the same as the capacity of the static inverter (second DC / AC converter 408) in FIG. 2 is set as the upper limit value (Fref + ⁇ Fmax), and the load 600 is consumed.
  • the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristics when the system frequency when the power becomes zero is set to the lower limit value (Ref ⁇ Fmax) are shown.
  • the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic shown in FIG. 20 is referred to as “reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic”.
  • reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic in the discharge mode of the storage battery 40, half of the capacity of the static inverter is set as the power target value, and when the output of the static inverter matches the capacity, the system frequency is the upper limit value ( (Fref + ⁇ Famx), which is the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic under the condition that the system frequency becomes the lower limit value (Fref ⁇ Fmax) when the output of the static inverter becomes zero.
  • the details of the discharge mode will be described later.
  • FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a response waveform of the frequency of the AC voltage output from the static inverter when the load is suddenly changed in the virtual synchronous generator control mounted on the power conversion device 41 according to the first embodiment. ..
  • the virtual synchronous generator control mounted on the static inverter covers minute vibrations and short-period fluctuations of about several tens of meters to several minutes. Therefore, the response performance of 1 second or less is required for the virtual synchronous generator control.
  • the time constant is made small, the response performance is improved, but vibration occurs in the response waveform.
  • problems such as unnecessary cross current may occur. Therefore, in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 21, the time constants in the governor control circuit 833 (FIG. 15) and the mass point system arithmetic circuit 837 (FIG. 16) are determined so that the system frequency converges in about 1 second. ..
  • FIG. 22 is a diagram showing a response waveform of an effective value of AC power output from each static inverter of two power conversion devices 41 equipped with a conventional virtual synchronous generator control.
  • the response waveform shown in FIG. 22 shows the waveform of the effective value of the AC power output from each static inverter when a self-sustaining system is configured by using two power conversion devices 41 and the load is suddenly changed. ..
  • the inverter capacity of each power conversion device 41 is 4 kW, and the power consumption of the load is 3.3 kW.
  • the power target value of the first storage battery (denoted as "BAT1" in the figure) corresponding to the first power conversion device 41 is set to 2.2 kW, and the second storage battery corresponding to the second power conversion device 41 (FIG.
  • the power target value of (denoted as "BAT2”) is set to 1.1 kW, and the first and second power conversion devices 41 are controlled. In such a state, it is assumed that the power consumption of the load suddenly changes to about half (1.65 kW) in about 5 seconds.
  • the power near the power target value (2.2 kW) is output from the first power conversion device 41, and the power target is output from the second power conversion device 41.
  • Power near the value (1.1 kW) is output, and the power ratio between the two is 2: 1.
  • the output power of the first power conversion device 41 is 1.35 kW
  • the output power of the second power conversion device 41 is 0.3 kW
  • the power ratio between the two is 9. : 2.
  • the power is output from the two power conversion devices 41 at a ratio (9: 2) different from the expected power ratio (2: 1). I understand.
  • FIG. 23 shows the response waveform of the frequency of the AC voltage output from each static inverter when two power conversion devices 41 equipped with the conventional virtual synchronous generator control are operated under the above conditions. As shown in FIG. 23, it can be seen that the frequency of the AC voltage converges to almost the same frequency by the virtual synchronous generator control even after the load suddenly changes.
  • FIG. 24 is a diagram showing an example of the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristics of the first power conversion device 41 that implements the conventional virtual synchronous generator control.
  • FIG. 25 is a diagram showing an example of the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristics of the second power conversion device 41 that implements the conventional virtual synchronous generator control.
  • the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristics cannot be switched according to the power target value and the capacity of the static inverter.
  • the capacities of the static inverters of the two power conversion devices 41 are the same (4 kW), it is assumed that the same ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristics are given.
  • each power conversion device 41 when the load suddenly changes, the virtual synchronous generator control mounted on each power conversion device 41 operates so that the two power conversion devices 41 share the excess / deficiency power. At this time, as shown in FIG. 23, the two power conversion devices 41 are controlled so that the frequencies of the AC voltages output from the static inverters are equal to each other.
  • the differential power ⁇ P between the power output from each power conversion device 41 and the power target value is determined by the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristics shown in FIGS. 24 and 25. Therefore, when the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristics of the two power conversion devices 41 are the same, the difference frequency ⁇ F is the same, so that the difference power ⁇ P is also the same value. As a result, as shown in FIG. 22, after the sudden change in the load, the two power conversion devices 41 output power at a ratio different from the expected power ratio.
  • FIG. 26 is a diagram showing an example of ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristics of the second power conversion device 41 that implements the virtual generator control according to the first embodiment.
  • the solid line in the figure shows the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic of the second power conversion device 41, and the broken line shows the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic of the first power conversion device 41 (FIG. 24).
  • the power target value (1.1 kW) of the second power conversion device 41 is half of the power target value (2.2 kW) of the first power conversion device 41 (that is,).
  • the power split ratio is 2: 1), and as shown in FIG. 26, the differential power ⁇ P ( ⁇ P1 in the figure) of the first power conversion device 41 and the second power conversion device 41 at the same difference frequency ⁇ F.
  • the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic of the second power conversion device 41 is determined so that the ratio with the differential power ⁇ P ( ⁇ P2 in the figure) becomes equal to the ratio of the power target value (2: 1).
  • the ratio of the power shared by each power conversion device 41 is notified from the CEMS 31 even when the load changes. It can be seen that it is equal to the ratio of the power target value (2: 1).
  • the CEMS 31 when the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic of each power conversion device 41 is created, the CEMS 31 first creates the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic for each power conversion device 41. In the following description, a method of creating the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic will be described only for discharging the storage battery 40.
  • the operation mode of the storage battery 40 includes a discharge mode for discharging the storage battery 40, a charge mode for charging the storage battery 40, and a charge / discharge mode for charging / discharging the storage battery 40.
  • the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic is set so that the differential power ⁇ P corresponding to the limit value ⁇ Fmax of the differential frequency ⁇ F is half the capacity of the static inverter. create.
  • the reference ⁇ P so that the differential power ⁇ P corresponding to ⁇ Fmax becomes equal to the capacity of the static inverter. Create the / ⁇ F characteristic.
  • the CEMS 31 needs to create the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristics of the plurality of power conversion devices 41 to be managed with the same policy. Therefore, the CEMS 31 creates the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic in consideration of the charge / discharge mode in the first power conversion device 41, while the reference in consideration of the charge mode or the discharge mode in the second power conversion device 41. No ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristics are created.
  • FIG. 27 is a diagram showing an example of reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristics in the power conversion device 41 that implements the virtual synchronous generator control according to the first embodiment.
  • the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic is created based on the information regarding the limit value (Fref ⁇ ⁇ Fmax) of the system frequency and the information regarding the capacity of the static inverter notified from the DSO21.
  • the power target value Pref is set to half the capacity of the static inverter
  • the system frequency is set when the power conversion device 41 outputs power equal to the capacity of the static inverter.
  • the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic is created so that the lower limit value (Fref- ⁇ Fmax) is reached and the system frequency becomes the upper limit value (Fref + ⁇ Fmax) when the output of the static inverter becomes zero.
  • the charging power is treated as a negative value
  • the system frequency becomes the lower limit value (Fref- ⁇ Fmax) when the charging power becomes zero
  • the charging power is the capacity of the static inverter.
  • the same effect can be obtained by creating the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristics so that the system frequency becomes the upper limit value (Fref + ⁇ fmax) when they become equal.
  • the power target value Pref is set to zero, and when discharging power equal to the capacity of the static inverter, the system frequency becomes the lower limit value (Ref- ⁇ Fmax), and the capacity of the static inverter.
  • the same effect can be obtained by creating the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic so that the system frequency becomes the upper limit value (Fref + ⁇ Fmax) when charging the electric power equal to the above.
  • the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic shown in FIG. 27 is used to create a ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic when the power target value is different from the power target value (half of the static inverter capacity) in the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic.
  • the broken line in the figure shows the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic (FIG. 27), and the solid line shows the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic.
  • the standard static inverter capacity is determined in advance. For example, when the capacities of the three static inverters are 10 kW, 8 kW, and 4 kW, 8 kW is used as a reference. Needless to say, there is basically no problem in selecting based on any capacity. Then, the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic of the static inverter having the reference capacitance (8 kW) is created by using the creation method described in FIG. 27.
  • FIG. 29 is a diagram for explaining a method of creating a reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic of a static inverter having a capacity of 4 kW.
  • the broken line in the figure shows the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic of the static inverter having the reference capacitance (FIG. 27), and the solid line shows the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic of the static inverter having the capacitance of 4 kW.
  • the slope of the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic with respect to the reference capacitance (8 kW) is multiplied by the value obtained by dividing the reference capacitance (8 kW this time) by the capacity of the own static inverter (4 kW this time).
  • the slope of the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic is obtained.
  • FIG. 30 is a diagram showing an example of reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristics and ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristics of two power conversion devices 41 having different capacities of a static inverter.
  • the broken line L1 shows the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic of the first power conversion device 41
  • the solid line L2 shows the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic of the first power conversion device 41.
  • the broken line L3 shows the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic of the second power conversion device 41
  • the solid line L4 shows the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic of the second power conversion device 41.
  • the capacity of the static inverter is 8 kW, and the power target value is 6 kW.
  • the capacity of the static inverter is 4 kW, and the power target value is 1 kW.
  • FIG. 31 is a diagram showing waveforms of effective values of AC power output from the two power conversion devices 41 shown in FIG. 30.
  • the capacity of the static inverter is 8 kW, and the power target value is 2 kW.
  • the capacity of the static inverter is 4 kW, and the power target value is 1 kW.
  • the waveform of FIG. 31 is based on the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristics (solid lines L1 and L3 in the figure) of the two power conversion devices 41 shown in FIG. 30, and the power target values of the two units are 2 kW and 1 kW.
  • the first and second power conversion devices 41 are operated by using the control parameters (Tg, Kgd, M and Dg) generated by the virtual synchronous generator control circuit 83 of the above.
  • FIG. 31 shows the waveform of the effective value of the AC power output from each power conversion device 41 when the load suddenly changes from 3 kW to 5.25 kW.
  • the power split ratio of the first and second power conversion devices 41 is 2: 1 both before the load suddenly changes and after the load suddenly changes, which is as expected. You can see that it is working.
  • the ratio of the power output from each power conversion device 41 is the power target value notified from the CEMS 31.
  • the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic of each power conversion device 41 is created, and the created reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic is used according to the power target value.
  • the method of creating the / ⁇ F characteristic has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the control parameters (Tg, Kgd, M, Dg) of the virtual synchronous generator control circuit 83 may be directly generated based on the capacity of the static inverter, the power target value, and the SOC information of the storage battery 40. good.
  • the distribution system 24 has the substation 20 and the power conversion device 27 (or the power conversion device 41a or the town 100a) in order to control the system voltage supplied from the substation 20 within a predetermined voltage range. ), And a plurality of SVRs 23 are connected in series.
  • the power conversion device 27 operates as a current source.
  • a power conversion device 41a is installed near the power conversion device 27. In the first embodiment, the power conversion device 41a operates as a voltage source.
  • the power conversion device 41a can also smooth the generated power of the mega solar 26 by executing the virtual synchronous generator control.
  • the load includes towns 100a to 100d, factories 110, buildings 112, and condominiums 113.
  • the power supplied from the substation 20, the generated power of the mega solar 26, and the discharge power of the storage battery 40 are supplied to the load.
  • An emergency synchronous generator 30a is arranged in the factory 110, and an emergency synchronous generator 30b is arranged in the building 112.
  • the operation of the distributed power management device in the distribution system 24 that receives the electric power supplied from the substation 20, the generated electric power of the mega solar 26, and the discharged electric power of the storage battery 40 will be described.
  • FIG. 32 is a sequence diagram for explaining the normal operation of the distributed power supply management device centered on the CEMS 31 shown in FIG.
  • the steady-state processing includes a processing performed in a 30-minute cycle (hereinafter, also referred to as “first processing”) and a processing performed in a 5-minute cycle (hereinafter, “second processing”). It is also called “processing”).
  • the DSO 21 requests the CEMS 31 to output the collected measurement data via the communication line 25.
  • the CEMS 31 collects measurement data including the power consumption of each consumer, the power generation amount of the mega solar 26, the charge / discharge power amount of the storage battery 40, and the SOC collected in the last 30 minutes. Send to.
  • the DSO 21 Upon receiving the measurement data, the DSO 21 creates an operation plan for the distribution system 24 based on the measurement data, and notifies the CEMS 31 of the created operation plan.
  • the operation plan of the distribution system 24 includes the power supply plan from the substation 20 to the distribution system 24, and is necessary for creating the operation plan (charge / discharge plan) of the storage battery 40.
  • DSO21 creates a power supply plan with a 30-minute cycle for 24 hours.
  • the 30-minute cycle power supply plan shows the total amount of power supplied from the substation 20 to the distribution system 24 in 30 minutes.
  • the CEMS 31 When the CEMS 31 receives the operation plan (power supply plan) from the DSO21, it requests the power conversion device 41 to transmit the measurement data.
  • the measurement data includes the charge / discharge power amount and SOC information of the storage battery 40 for the last 5 minutes.
  • the power conversion device 41 Upon receiving the request from the CEMS 31, the power conversion device 41 notifies the CEMS 31 of the measurement data.
  • the CEMS 31 receives measurement data from all the power conversion devices 41a to 41c connected to the distribution system 24. At this time, the CEMS 31 also collects measurement data such as the power consumption of each consumer for 30 minutes and the power generation amount of the mega solar 26.
  • the operation plan of the storage battery 40 is a charge / discharge plan of the storage battery 40, and includes a target value (power target value) of the charge / discharge power of the storage battery 40.
  • the operation plan of the storage battery 40 and the method of creating control parameters will be described later.
  • the CEMS 31 When the creation of the operation plan and control parameters of the storage battery 40 is completed, the CEMS 31 notifies each power conversion device 41 of the operation plan and control parameters of the corresponding storage battery 40, and ends the first process.
  • CEMS 31 carries out a second process (5-minute cycle process).
  • the CEMS 31 collects measurement data from each power conversion device 41 in a 5-minute cycle.
  • the CEMS 31 detects the deviation between the power target value and the actual charge / discharge power based on the collected measurement data.
  • the CEMS 31 recalculates the operation plan (power target value) of the storage battery 40 and notifies each power conversion device 41 of the recalculation result.
  • the specific recalculation method will be described later.
  • FIG. 33 is a flowchart showing the control process of CEMS 31 shown in FIG.
  • the CEMS 31 confirms in step (hereinafter, abbreviated as S) 01 whether or not the output request of the measurement data from the DSO 21 has been received.
  • S step
  • the CEMS 31 collects measurement data from a plurality of power conversion devices 41 by S02.
  • the CEMS 31 notifies the DSO 21 of the measurement data stored in the storage circuit 12 by the S03 via the communication circuit 11.
  • the CEMS 31 proceeds to S04 and the operation plan (power supply plan) is performed from the DSO21. Check if you have received.
  • the operation plan is received (YES in S04)
  • the CEMS 31 proceeds to S05 and creates an operation plan (charge / discharge plan) for the storage battery 40.
  • FIG. 34 is a flowchart showing a process of creating an operation plan for the storage battery 40 (S05 in FIG. 33).
  • the CEMS 31 predicts the power generation amount of the mega solar 26 by S051.
  • the control circuit 16 (FIG. 3) has an operation plan with respect to the management circuit 146 (FIG. 4) in the operation plan creation circuit 14. Instruct to create.
  • the management circuit 146 instructs the power generation power generation prediction circuit 142 to predict the power generation of the mega solar 26 via the storage battery operation plan creation circuit 141.
  • the generated power prediction circuit 142 Upon receiving an instruction from the management circuit 146, the generated power prediction circuit 142 acquires the weather forecast for 24 hours from the present to 24 hours later by accessing the weather forecast server located on the Internet (not shown). ..
  • the power generation power prediction circuit 142 uses the acquired weather forecast for 24 hours and the data stored in the database for power generation amount prediction (not shown) managed by the power generation power prediction circuit 142, and is 24 from the present. Predict the amount of power generated for 24 hours until after hours.
  • the database for predicting the amount of power generation is constructed based on the actual amount of power generated by the mega solar 26 and the weather actual information collected every 30 minutes. The description of how to build the database is omitted.
  • CEMS31 predicts the power consumption of the consumer by S052. Specifically, returning to FIG. 4, when the management circuit 146 receives the prediction result of the power generation amount of the mega solar 26 from the power generation power prediction circuit 142, the management circuit 146 predicts the power consumption via the storage battery operation plan creation circuit 141. Instruct circuit 143 to predict the power consumption of the consumer.
  • the power consumption prediction circuit 143 uses the data stored in the power consumption prediction database (not shown) managed by the power consumption prediction circuit 143 for 24 hours from the present. Predict the power consumption of consumers for the next 24 hours.
  • the database for power consumption forecast is constructed by processing the power consumption of the consumer collected in a 30-minute cycle based on the date, time information, and weather information. The description of how to build the database is omitted.
  • CEMS31 Predicting the power consumption of the consumer in S052, CEMS31 creates a demand plan in S053. Specifically, returning to FIG. 4, when the prediction result of the power consumption of the consumer is received from the power consumption prediction circuit 143, the storage battery operation plan creation circuit 141 is the power generation power of the mega solar 26 by the power generation power prediction circuit 142. Based on the amount prediction result, the power consumption prediction result of the consumer by the power consumption prediction circuit 143, and the operation plan (power supply plan every 30 minutes) notified from DSO21, every 30 minutes of the storage batteries 40a to 40c. Calculate the total value of charge / discharge power.
  • CEMS31 formulates the charge / discharge power (power target value) of the storage batteries 40a to 40c by S054.
  • each storage battery operation plan creation circuit 141 is based on the SOC information and the storage battery capacity of the storage batteries 40a to 40c collected in the storage circuit 12 via the communication circuit 11.
  • the charge / discharge power of the storage battery 40 every 30 minutes is divided into proportions.
  • the CEMS 31 when the operation plan of the storage battery 40 for 24 hours is created, the CEMS 31 is in a state where the SOCs of the storage batteries 40a to 40c become zero at the same time, or both the storage batteries 40a to 40c are fully charged after 24 hours. Therefore, the charge / discharge power of each storage battery 40 is determined.
  • the generated power of the mega solar 26 drops from 10 MW to 4 MW for about 5 minutes due to a cloud crossing above the mega solar 26.
  • the capacities of the static inverters of the power converters 41a to 41c are 8 MW, 4 MW, and 2 MW, respectively.
  • the SOC of the storage battery 40a first becomes zero and the discharge is stopped, so that 1 MW and 0.5 MW are discharged from the remaining storage batteries 40b and 40c, respectively, so that the storage battery is operated with respect to the power conversion devices 41b and 41c.
  • the plan has been notified.
  • the generated power of the mega solar 26 decreases by 6 MW due to a sudden change in the amount of solar radiation
  • the discharge power of the storage batteries 40b and 40c is insufficient because only 3 MW and 1.5 MW can be additionally output by the virtual synchronous generator control, respectively. It is not possible to compensate for 6 MW.
  • the CEMS 31 confirms whether the control parameters for the virtual generator control have been generated for all the storage batteries 40a to 40c by S055.
  • the CEMS 31 proceeds to S056 and generates the control parameters for the virtual generator control.
  • FIG. 35 is a flowchart showing a process of generating control parameters for virtual synchronous generator control (S056 in FIG. 34). The process shown in FIG. 35 is executed by the control parameter generation circuit 13 (FIG. 5) in the CEMS 31.
  • the control circuit 136 (FIG. 5) is generated by the storage battery operation plan creation circuit 141 in S054 of FIG. 34 by S0561, and the storage battery 40 for the next 30 minutes.
  • Information about the power target value of the power conversion device 41, the capacity of the second DC / AC converter 408 (static inverter) in the power conversion device 41, and the distribution system 24 is collected.
  • the information regarding the distribution system 24 includes the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the system frequency, the response performance of the virtual synchronous generator control circuit 83 (FIG. 11), and the like.
  • the upper limit of the system frequency is the reference frequency Ref (for example, 60 Hz) + ⁇ Fmax, and the lower limit of the system frequency is Ref ⁇ Fmax.
  • the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F calculation circuit 131 calculates the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic for each power conversion device 41 according to S0562.
  • the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristics will be described.
  • the control parameters of the power converter 41 equipped with the virtual synchronous generator control first, the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristics of the static inverter are calculated.
  • the configuration for generating the control parameter for the power conversion device 41 will be described, but the configuration in which the virtual synchronous generator control is implemented in the power conversion device whose output can be adjusted, such as the wind power generation device, is also described.
  • the control parameters can be generated using the same method.
  • the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic calculation circuit 131 sets half of the capacity of the static inverter as the power target value in the discharge mode of the storage battery 40, and the static inverter discharges the maximum power.
  • FIG. 36 is a flowchart showing a process (S0562 in FIG. 35) for generating a reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic.
  • the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic calculation circuit 131 collects the capacitance information (Cinv) of the target static inverter from the control circuit 136 according to S05621.
  • the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic calculation circuit 131 collects the system information ( ⁇ Fmax) according to S05622. Next, the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic calculation circuit 131 obtains the slope of the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic by using the inverter capacitance Cinv and ⁇ Fmax according to S05623.
  • the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic calculation circuit 131 sets the slope of the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic to ⁇ Fmax / (Cinv ⁇ 0.5).
  • the slope of the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic is set to ⁇ Fmax / Cinv.
  • the storage battery operation plan creation circuit 141 determines. Specifically, when the determined absolute value of the charge / discharge power is less than a predetermined value, the storage battery operation plan creation circuit 141 adopts the charge / discharge mode. The adopted mode is applied to all the power conversion devices 41 connected to the distribution system 24.
  • the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic calculation circuit 132 (FIG. 5) generates the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic according to S0563. Specifically, returning to FIG. 5, the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic calculation circuit 131 outputs the slope of the generated reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic to the control circuit 136 and the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic calculation circuit 132.
  • the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic calculation circuit 132 calculates the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic based on the power target value given by the control circuit 136.
  • FIG. 37 is a flowchart showing a process for generating ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristics (S0563 in FIG. 35). As shown in FIG. 37, when the process is started, the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic calculation circuit 132 collects the power target value from the control circuit 136 by S05631. The ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic calculation circuit 132 determines, according to S05632, whether or not the magnitude of the collected power target value exceeds the static inverter capacity Cinv.
  • the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic calculation circuit 132 limits the power target value to the static inverter capacity Cinv by the limiter in S05633. do.
  • the ⁇ P / ⁇ F calculation circuit 132 obtains the slope of the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic by using the power target value according to S05634. Specifically, when the storage battery 40 is in the discharge mode or the charge mode, the slope of the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic is set to the slope of the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic ⁇ (Cinv ⁇ 0.5) / power target value. On the other hand, when the storage battery 40 is in the charge / discharge mode, it is assumed that it absorbs fluctuations in the generated power of renewable energy such as mega solar 26 or wind power generation (power target value is zero), and only the static inverter capacity is used. The ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic depending on the above, that is, the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic obtained in S0562 of FIG. 35 is used as it is.
  • control circuit 136 when the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic is generated by S0563, the control circuit 136 generates the control parameter of the virtual synchronous generator control by S0564. A method of generating control parameters will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 38.
  • control circuit 136 instructs the control parameter generation circuit 133 to generate a control parameter.
  • the control parameter generation circuit 133 Upon receiving the control parameter generation instruction, the control parameter generation circuit 133 receives the inclination of the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic given from the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic calculation circuit 132, the system information input from the control circuit 136 (reference frequency Ref, ⁇ Fmax), and the like. Control parameters are generated based on the power target value Pref and the inverter capacity Cinv.
  • a virtual synchronous generator model 134 that simulates the operation of the virtual synchronous generator control circuit 83 (FIG. 11) is mounted in the control parameter generation circuit 13 (FIG. 3), and the control parameters are controlled using this model. The case of generating is described.
  • the method of generating the control parameter is not limited to this, and for example, the relationship between the speed adjustment rate Kgd and the system frequency shown in FIG. 18 is stored as table data corresponding to each braking coefficient Dg, and is also stored.
  • the relationship between the braking coefficient Dg and the system frequency shown in FIG. 19 is stored as table data corresponding to each speed adjustment rate Kgd, and the appropriate speed adjustment rate Kgd and the braking coefficient Dg are used using these table data. May be configured to determine.
  • the virtual synchronous generator model 134 a mathematical model of the block diagram shown in FIGS. 14 to 16 is used, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the transfer function of the virtual synchronous generator control circuit 83 (FIG. 11) is generated from the transfer function of the governor control unit shown in the above equation (1) and the sway equation shown in the above equation (2), and the generated transfer function is used. It may be configured to generate control parameters.
  • FIG. 38 is a flowchart showing a process of generating control parameters (S0564 in FIG. 35).
  • the virtual synchronous generator model 134 sets each of the speed adjustment rate Kgd and the braking coefficient Dg to predetermined initial values by S05641. Thereby, the speed adjustment rate Kgd and the braking coefficient Dg are initialized.
  • the virtual synchronous generator model 134 proceeds to S05642 and calculates the slope of the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic using the speed adjustment rate Kgd and the braking coefficient Dg.
  • the virtual synchronous generator model 134 compares the slope of the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic calculated in S05642 by S05643 with the slope of the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic generated by S0563 (FIG. 37) in FIG. 35. Specifically, the virtual synchronous generator model 134 confirms whether the deviation of the slopes of these two ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristics is within a predetermined allowable range.
  • the virtual synchronous generator model 134 determines that the slopes of the two ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristics match (YES in S05643), and processes S05649. Proceed to.
  • the virtual synchronous generator model 134 determines that the slopes of the two ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristics do not match (NO in S05643). In this case, the virtual synchronous generator model 134 proceeds to S05644 and changes the braking coefficient Dg. In the first embodiment, the virtual synchronous generator model 134 adds a predetermined value to the current braking coefficient Dg.
  • the virtual synchronous generator model 134 confirms whether the braking coefficient Dg is within a predetermined range by S05645. If the braking coefficient Dg is within the predetermined range (YES in S05645), the virtual synchronous generator model 134 returns to S05642 and calculates the slope of the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic using the changed braking coefficient Dg. ..
  • the virtual synchronous generator model 134 determines that appropriate characteristics cannot be obtained with the current speed adjustment rate Kgd, and S05646 determines that appropriate characteristics cannot be obtained.
  • the braking coefficient Dg is returned to the initial value, and the speed adjustment rate Kgd is changed. Specifically, the virtual synchronous generator model 134 adds a predetermined value to the current speed adjustment rate Kgd (initial value).
  • the virtual synchronous generator model 134 confirms whether the speed adjustment rate Kgd is within a predetermined range by S05647. If the speed adjustment rate Kgd is out of the predetermined range (NO in S05647), the virtual synchronous generator model 134 proceeds to S05648, assuming that an appropriate speed adjustment rate Kgd and braking coefficient Dg have not been obtained, and the speed.
  • the adjustment rate Kgd and the braking coefficient Dg are set to the respective default values prepared in advance, and the process proceeds to S05649.
  • the virtual synchronous generator model 134 returns to S05642 and ⁇ P using the changed speed adjustment rate Kgd and the braking coefficient Dg. Calculate the slope of the / ⁇ F characteristic.
  • the virtual synchronous generator model 134 repeatedly executes the processes of S05642 to S05647 until it is determined to be YES in S05654 or NO is determined in S05647.
  • the control parameter generation circuit 133 calculates the inertial constant M by S05649.
  • the inertial constant M is calculated based on the response time required for the virtual synchronous generator control.
  • the response performance of the virtual synchronous generator control is the time constant Tg of the governor control circuit 833 (FIG. 14) and the time constant M / Dg of the mass point system arithmetic circuit 837 (FIG. 14) obtained by the sway equation.
  • the first embodiment since the default value of the governor time constant Tg is used and the governor time constant Tg is not generated, only the time constant of the mass point system calculation circuit 837 is controlled.
  • the time constant of the mass point system calculation circuit 837 is obtained by M / Dg from the above equation (3). Therefore, in the first embodiment, the inertial constant M is calculated by multiplying the braking coefficient Dg by the time constant of the mass point system calculation circuit 837 defined by the default value.
  • control parameters for the virtual synchronous generator control are generated in S056, the control parameters are returned to S055, and the control parameter generation circuit 13 is the control parameters of all the power conversion devices 41 connected to the distribution system 24. Check if the calculation is completed. When the calculation of the control parameters of all the power conversion devices 41 is not completed (NO in S055), the control parameter generation circuit 13 proceeds to S056 and calculates the control parameters of the next power conversion device 41. On the other hand, when the calculation of the control parameters of all the power conversion devices 41 is completed (YES in S055), the control parameter generation circuit 13 ends the creation of the operation plan of the storage battery 40.
  • the storage battery operation plan creation circuit 141 (FIG. 4) notifies the management circuit 145 of the created operation plan (power target value).
  • the management circuit 145 receives the operation plan, the management circuit 145 stores the received operation plan in the memory and notifies the transmission data generation circuit 15 (FIG. 3).
  • the control parameter generation circuit 13 notifies the transmission data generation circuit 15 of the generated control parameters.
  • the transmission data generation circuit 15 acquires the operation plan (power target value) and control parameters of the storage battery 40, it processes them into a transmission format and outputs them to the communication circuit 11 (FIG. 3).
  • the communication circuit 11 receives the transmission data from the transmission data generation circuit 15, the communication circuit 11 transmits the transmission data to the corresponding power conversion device 41 via the communication line 25.
  • CEMS31 proceeds to S06 and has the collection time of various measurement data arrived? To confirm.
  • the CEMS 31 collects measurement data at 5-minute intervals. If the collection time of the measurement data has not arrived (NO in S06), the process returns to S01.
  • the CEMS 31 collects the measurement data in S07. In the first embodiment, the CEMS 31 collects the charge / discharge power amount, the current charge / discharge power, and the SOC information of the storage battery 40 for 5 minutes from each of the power conversion devices 41a to 41c as measurement data.
  • the CEMS 31 confirms whether or not the operation plan of the storage battery 40 needs to be revised by S08.
  • the CEMS 31 compares the current charge / discharge power with the operation plan (power target value) for each of the plurality of storage batteries 40. Specifically, the CEMS 31 confirms whether the power difference between the current charge / discharge power and the power target value exceeds a predetermined range, and whether the SOC of the storage battery 40 exceeds a predetermined allowable range. .. If the power difference in any one of the plurality of storage batteries 40 exceeds a predetermined range and / or the SOC exceeds an allowable range, the CEMS 31 determines the operation plan of all the storage batteries 40. Review. The operation plan of the storage battery 40 in which the power difference exceeds a predetermined range and / or the SOC exceeds an allowable range may be reviewed.
  • the CEMS 31 confirms whether the operation plan of the storage battery 40 needs to be revised in the above manner, and if it is determined that the operation plan of the storage battery 40 does not need to be revised (NO in S08), the CEMS 31 returns to S01 and continues the process. On the other hand, when it is determined that the operation plan of the storage battery 40 needs to be revised (YES in S08), the CEMS 31 proceeds to S09 and corrects the operation plans of all the storage batteries 40.
  • FIG. 39 is a flowchart showing a process of modifying the operation plan of the storage battery 40 (S09 in FIG. 33). The process shown in FIG. 39 is executed by the operation plan creation circuit 14 (FIG. 4) in the CEMS 31.
  • the management circuit 146 instructs the storage battery operation plan correction circuit 144 (FIG. 4) to revise the operation plan by S091, and each electric power.
  • the charge / discharge power and SOC information collected from the conversion device 41 are transferred.
  • the management circuit 146 has the operation plan (power target value) of the storage battery 40 stored in the management circuit 145 (FIG. 4) and the power stored in the storage circuit 12 with respect to the storage battery operation plan correction circuit 144. It also outputs the capacity of the static inverter of the converter 41.
  • the storage battery operation plan correction circuit 144 reviews the operation plan of the storage battery 40 based on the information given from the management circuit 146.
  • the output power of the power conversion device 41 is twice the power target value because either the predicted value of the power generation amount of the mega solar 26 or the predicted value of the power consumption of each consumer deviates from the actual value. Imagine that it is.
  • the storage battery operation plan correction circuit 144 of the storage battery 40 is based on the measurement data collected in a 5-minute cycle. Revise the operation plan (power target value). Specifically, the storage battery operation plan correction circuit 144 corrects the operation plan of the storage battery 40 based on the current charge / discharge power and SOC information.
  • the reason why SOC is used for modifying the operation plan of the storage battery 40 is that when a lithium ion battery is used as the storage battery 40, the storage battery 40 may fail or deteriorate rapidly due to overcharging or overdischarging. Therefore, in the control of a normal storage battery, when the SOC exceeds, for example, 90%, the charging mode of the storage battery is switched from the constant current charging mode to the constant voltage charging mode. In the constant voltage charging mode, the charging power cannot be increased, so that it is necessary to reduce the power target value in the virtual synchronous generator control. Similarly, even in the case of over-discharging, the storage battery 40 deteriorates, so it is necessary to reduce the discharge power when the SOC falls below, for example, 5%. Therefore, the SOC is used to create and modify the operation plan of the storage battery 40.
  • the storage battery 40 When a lead-acid battery is used as the storage battery 40, it is resistant to overcharging, but tends to deteriorate due to overdischarging. Therefore, in the case of a lead-acid battery, for example, it is necessary to reduce the discharge power when the SOC falls below 20%. As described above, in order to suppress the progress of deterioration of the storage battery used, the SOC is used to correct the power target value.
  • the storage battery operation plan correction circuit 144 creates an operation plan for the storage battery 40 based on the current charge / discharge power, but charging when the SOC is near the upper limit value and the SOC is near the lower limit value. In discharging, an operation plan of the storage battery 40 is created based on the current charge / discharge power and SOC. Specifically, when the SOC is close to the upper limit value, the charge power target value is narrowed down, and when the SOC is close to the lower limit value, the discharge power target value is narrowed down.
  • the control parameter generation circuit 13 (FIG. 3) confirms whether the calculation of the control parameters of all the storage batteries 40 is completed by S094. If the calculation of the control parameters of all the storage batteries 40 is completed (YES in S094), the storage battery operation plan correction circuit 144 ends the correction process of the operation plan of the storage battery 40. On the other hand, if the modification of the operation plans of all the storage batteries 40 is not completed (NO in S094), the control parameter generation circuit 13 generates the control parameters for the virtual synchronous generator control by S095. Since the method of generating the control parameters for the virtual synchronous generator control is the same as the method of generating the operation plan of the storage battery 40 described above (S056 and FIG. 35 in FIG. 34), the description thereof will be omitted.
  • control parameter generation circuit 13 When the control parameters are generated in S095, the process returns to S094, and the control parameter generation circuit 13 confirms whether or not the calculation of the control parameters of all the power conversion devices 41 is completed. When the calculation of the control parameters of all the power conversion devices 41 is not completed (NO in S094), the control parameter generation circuit 13 generates the control parameters of the next power conversion device 41 according to S095.
  • the storage battery operation plan correction circuit 144 ends the correction process of the operation plan of the storage battery 40.
  • the storage battery operation plan creation circuit 141 notifies the management circuit 145 of the modified operation plan (power target value) as in the case of creating the operation plan. do.
  • the management circuit 145 When the management circuit 145 acquires the operation plan of the storage battery 40 from the storage battery operation plan creation circuit 141, the management circuit 145 stores the acquired operation plan in a memory (not shown) and notifies the transmission data generation circuit 15. Similarly, the control parameter generation circuit 13 notifies the transmission data generation circuit 15 of the operation plan and control parameters of the storage battery 40.
  • the transmission data generation circuit 15 When the transmission data generation circuit 15 receives the operation plan and control parameters of the storage battery 40, it processes them into a format for transmission and outputs them to the communication circuit 11.
  • the communication circuit 11 When the communication circuit 11 receives the transmission data from the transmission data generation circuit 15, the communication circuit 11 transmits the transmission data to the corresponding power conversion device 41 via the communication line 25 (S10 in FIG. 33).
  • the capacity and the power target value of the static inverter of each power conversion device 41 are set. Based on this, the control parameters for the virtual synchronous generator control mounted on the static inverter are generated. According to this, even if the power consumption of the load 600 or the generated power of the energy-creating device such as the mega solar 26 fluctuates during the period until the next operation plan is notified from CEMS 31, the operation plan of the storage battery 40 (electric power). The excess and deficiency power can be shared by the same ratio as the target value).
  • the generated power of the mega solar 26 is reduced by 50% due to a change in the amount of solar radiation immediately after notifying all the power conversion devices 41 of the operation plan, the insufficient 50% of the power is created in the operation plan. It is prorated based on the ratio of the power target value calculated at times. For example, when the charge / discharge power of each storage battery 40 is set so that the SOC of all the storage batteries 40 becomes zero at almost the same time when the power target value is controlled according to the ratio at the time of creating the operation plan. Even if the generated power of the mega solar 26 is reduced by 50%, the excess and deficiency power is divided based on the ratio of the power target values, so the SOC of all the storage batteries 40 should be controlled to be zero at almost the same time. Can be done.
  • the configuration calculated by using the inverter capacity and the power target value has been described.
  • the storage battery 40 with respect to the inverter capacity for example, the capacity of the storage battery 40a is doubled with respect to the inverter capacity of the power conversion device 41a, and the capacity of the storage battery 40b is tripled with respect to the inverter capacity of the power conversion device 41b.
  • an operation plan (power target value) of each storage battery 40 is generated in consideration of the capacity ratio.
  • the same effect can be obtained by considering the capacity ratio when generating the control parameter.
  • the first control circuit 204 monitors the DC voltage measured by the voltmeter 201.
  • the first control circuit 204 shifts the power conversion device 27 from the standby state to the normal operation when the DC voltage exceeds a predetermined voltage value.
  • the second control circuit 209 in the power converter 27 controls the first DC / AC converter 208.
  • the control of the power conversion device 27 during normal operation will be described.
  • the first control circuit 204 confirms whether the mega solar 26 is generating power. Specifically, the first control circuit 204 confirms whether the output voltage of the mega solar 26 measured by the voltmeter 201 exceeds a predetermined voltage. When the output voltage exceeds a predetermined voltage, the first control circuit 204 notifies the second control circuit 209 that the mega solar 26 can generate electricity.
  • the second control circuit 209 When the second control circuit 209 receives the notification from the first control circuit 204, power is supplied from the substation 20 to the distribution system 24 based on the AC voltage of the distribution system 24 measured by the voltmeter 10. Check if it is (whether the distribution system 24 is out of power).
  • the second control circuit 209 starts the DC / AC converter 208 and at the same time. , Instruct the first control circuit 204 to start the power generation of the mega solar 26.
  • the DC bus voltage of the DC bus 205 is managed by the first DC / AC converter 208 during normal operation will be described. Further, in the first embodiment, the power regenerated from the power conversion device 27 to the distribution system 24 is managed by the current control by the first DC / AC converter 208 to operate the entire distributed power supply management device. And.
  • the fifth control circuit 54 (FIG. 8) of the first control circuit 204 is a mega with respect to the MPPT control circuit 51 (FIG. 8). Instruct to start the maximum power point tracking control of the solar 26.
  • the maximum power point tracking control will be briefly explained. In the maximum power point tracking control, it is managed whether the previous command value is larger or smaller than the previous command value. Then, the generated power of the mega solar 26 measured this time is compared with the generated power of the mega solar 26 measured last time, and if the generated power is increasing, it is in the same direction as the previous time (increase direction or decrease direction). Change the command value.
  • the current command value is increased.
  • the previous command value is smaller than the previous command value
  • the current command value is reduced.
  • the current command value is increased.
  • the first DC / DC converter 203 operates the built-in booster circuit according to the command value output from the first control circuit 204 to generate the first DC voltage output from the mega solar 26. , Converted to a second DC voltage (DC bus voltage of DC bus 205) and output.
  • the second control circuit 209 controls the first DC / AC converter 208 to control the distribution system 24. Outputs (regenerates) the generated power of the mega solar 26. Specifically, the DC bus voltage of the DC bus 205 is monitored, and when the DC bus voltage exceeds the control target value, the generated power is output in synchronization with the AC voltage supplied from the distribution system 24. ..
  • the phase detection circuit 61 detects the zero crossing point of the waveform of the AC voltage of the distribution system 24 measured by the voltmeter 210 (FIG. 1).
  • the first sine wave generation circuit 62 synchronizes with the AC voltage waveform of the distribution system 24 based on the information indicating the zero cross point detected by the phase detection circuit 61 and the AC voltage waveform measured by the voltmeter 210. Generates a reference sine wave. The first sine wave generation circuit 62 outputs the generated reference sine wave to the multiplier 65.
  • the voltmeter 206 measures the voltage of the DC bus 205 and outputs the measured value to the subtractor 63 in the current control circuit 60 and the sixth control circuit 67.
  • the current control circuit 60 uses a control method (current control) that outputs electric power in synchronization with the AC system voltage.
  • This control method is a control method for a general power conversion device for photovoltaic power generation installed in a home.
  • the sixth control circuit 67 stores the target voltage of the DC bus 205, and outputs the target voltage to the subtractor 63.
  • the current control circuit 60 controls the current output by the first DC / AC converter 208 so that the DC bus voltage measured by the voltmeter 206 becomes the target voltage.
  • the output of the subtractor 63 is input to the first PI control circuit 64.
  • the first PI control circuit 64 performs PI control so that the output of the subtractor 63 becomes zero.
  • the output of the first PI control circuit 64 is input to the multiplier 65 and converted into a current command value by being multiplied by the reference sine wave from the first sine wave generation circuit 62.
  • the current command value output from the multiplier 65 is input to the subtractor 66.
  • the subtractor 66 calculates the deviation between the current command value and the AC current value of the distribution system 24 measured by the ammeter 211, and inputs the calculated deviation to the second PI control circuit 68.
  • the second PI control circuit 68 performs PI control so that the deviation output from the subtractor 66 becomes zero.
  • the first PWM converter 69 generates a command value of the first DC / AC converter 208 by executing PWM control with respect to the output of the second PI control circuit 68.
  • the first DC / AC converter 208 outputs an alternating current according to a command value given by the first PWM converter 69.
  • the first The fifth control circuit 54 in the control circuit 204 of the above switches the control of the mega solar 26 from the MPPT control to the voltage control. Specifically, the fifth control circuit 54 controls the DC voltage output from the mega solar 26 so that the AC voltage (AC effective voltage) measured by the voltmeter 210 falls within a predetermined voltage range. Alternatively, the fifth control circuit 54 controls the output voltage of the mega solar 26 so that the generated power of the mega solar 26 falls within the power range notified from the CEMS 31.
  • the first switching circuit 53 (FIG. 8) switches between the output of the MPPT control circuit 51 and the output of the voltage control circuit 52 according to the switching control signal given from the fifth control circuit 54.
  • the sixth control circuit 67 includes a measurement result regarding the DC bus 205 measured by the voltmeter 206 and the ammeter 207, a measurement result regarding the distribution system 24 measured by the voltmeter 210 and the ammeter 211, and a first control circuit 204.
  • the status information of the first DC / DC converter 203 output from is collected, and the collected information is notified to the CEMS 31 or the like via the communication I / F 212.
  • the sixth control circuit 67 also provides information on the effective voltage of the distribution system 24 measured by the effective voltage measuring unit (not shown) or the active power and the active power of the AC system measured by the effective / reactive power measuring unit (not shown).
  • the CEMS 21 is notified via the communication I / F 212, and the measurement results of the effective voltage, active power, etc. of the AC system are also notified to the fifth control circuit 54.
  • the fifth control circuit 54 suppresses an increase in the AC system voltage by switching the control of the mega solar 26 from MPPT control to voltage control when the effective value of the AC system voltage exceeds a predetermined value. do.
  • the second DC / AC converter 408 since the virtual synchronous generator control is implemented in the power converter 41, the second DC / AC converter 408 operates as a voltage source by executing the voltage control. That is, the third control circuit 404 (FIG. 7) controls so that the voltage of the DC bus 405 becomes a constant value.
  • the operation of the third control circuit 404 will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the voltage of the DC bus 405 is measured by a voltmeter 406.
  • the measured value of the voltmeter 406 is input to the charge control circuit 71, the discharge control circuit 72, and the seventh control circuit 74.
  • the charge control circuit 71 and the discharge control circuit 72 control the charge power or the discharge power so that the voltage of the DC bus 405 becomes the target voltage output from the seventh control circuit 74. Specifically, when the storage battery 40 is discharged, the discharge power is decreased when the voltage of the DC bus 405 is larger than the target voltage, while the discharge power is increased when the voltage of the DC bus 405 is smaller than the target voltage.
  • the voltage of the DC bus 405 is matched with the target voltage by controlling the voltage.
  • the charging power is increased when the voltage of the DC bus 405 is larger than the target voltage, while the discharging power is decreased when the voltage of the DC bus 405 is smaller than the target voltage.
  • the voltage of the DC bus 405 is matched with the target voltage.
  • the output of the charge control circuit 71 and the output of the discharge control circuit 72 are switched by the second switching circuit 73.
  • the seventh control circuit 74 outputs a switching control signal to the second switching circuit 73 based on the charging / discharging operation of the storage battery 40.
  • FIG. 40 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the power conversion device 41.
  • the fourth control circuit 409 initializes various control parameters by S200. Subsequently, according to S201, the fourth control circuit 409 collects the voltage value measured by the voltmeters 401, 406, 410, the current value measured by the ammeter 402, 407, 411, and the status information of the storage battery 40. Since the measured value of the voltmeter 410 is an AC voltage, the effective value of the AC voltage is calculated in the eighth control circuit 87 (FIG. 11), and the effective value is used as the voltage value.
  • the effective value of the alternating current is calculated in the eighth control circuit 87, and the effective value is used as the current value.
  • the charge / discharge power calculation circuit (not shown) in the seventh control circuit 74 calculates the charge / discharge power and the charge / discharge power amount of the storage battery based on the collected data.
  • the AC voltage of the distribution system 24 measured by the voltmeter 410 is input to the AC frequency detection circuit 81 (FIG. 11).
  • the AC frequency detection circuit 81 detects the zero crossing point of the waveform of the AC voltage by S202.
  • FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the AC frequency detection circuit 81 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 12, the measured value of the voltmeter 410 is input to the phase detection circuit 810. According to S202 of FIG. 40, the phase detection circuit 810 detects the zero crossing point of the AC voltage. In the first embodiment, the zero cross point indicates the point and time at which the waveform of the AC voltage measured by the voltmeter 410 switches from negative to positive. The phase detection circuit 810 outputs information indicating the detected zero cross point to the frequency detection circuit 811.
  • the frequency detection circuit 811 calculates the cycle of the AC voltage based on the time of the zero cross point detected last time by the phase detection circuit 810 and the time of the zero cross point detected this time.
  • the frequency detection circuit 811 calculates the frequency of the AC voltage based on the calculated cycle.
  • the second sine wave generation circuit 812 outputs the zero cross point information detected by the phase detection circuit 810 and the frequency information of the AC voltage detected by the frequency detection circuit 811 as sine wave information.
  • the zero crossing point information and the frequency information are output to the inverter current control circuit 84, the inverter voltage control circuit 85, the virtual synchronous generator control circuit 83, and the eighth control circuit 87.
  • the phase detection circuit 810 sets the zero cross point detection flag by S203.
  • the fourth control circuit 409 controls the second DC / AC converter 408 by S204.
  • the second DC / AC converter 408 is controlled as a voltage source. That is, the second DC / AC converter 408 is voltage controlled. Therefore, when the power supplied to the distribution system 24 is insufficient, the second DC / AC converter 408 is controlled to increase the output power. On the other hand, when the power supplied to the distribution system 24 becomes excessive, the second DC / AC converter 408 is controlled so as to reduce the output power.
  • FIG. 41 is a flowchart for explaining the details of the control process of the second DC / AC converter 408.
  • the effective power calculation circuit 82 calculates the power value based on the measured values of the voltmeter 410 and the ammeter 411 by S2041, the calculated power value is integrated by S2042. ..
  • the effective power calculation circuit 82 proceeds to S2044 and stores the integrated value of the effective power value for one cycle of the AC voltage in the eighth control circuit 87. It is stored in a circuit (not shown), and the integrated value is initialized to zero by S2045.
  • the inverter voltage control circuit 85 sets the command value of the second DC / AC converter 408 by S2046. Generate.
  • the virtual synchronous generator control circuit 83 executes the virtual synchronous generator control.
  • one cycle of the AC voltage is used as the control cycle.
  • the control cycle may be an integral multiple of one cycle of the AC voltage or a predetermined cycle such as a one-second cycle.
  • FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the virtual synchronous generator control circuit 83.
  • the eighth control circuit 87 determines that the control timing has been reached
  • the eighth control circuit 87 instructs the virtual synchronous generator control circuit 83 to generate information regarding the frequency and phase used for voltage control.
  • the frequency and phase of the sine wave generated by the third sine wave generation circuit 851 (FIG. 13) in the inverter voltage control circuit 85 are updated at the zero cross point. Therefore, in the first embodiment, the control cycle is the cycle of the zero cross point detected by the AC frequency detection circuit 81.
  • FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing a detailed configuration of the governor control circuit 833 shown in FIG.
  • the multiplier 91 multiplies the output of the subtractor 832 (FIG. 14) by the control parameter (-1 / Kgd) notified from the eighth control circuit 87. do.
  • the multiplier 91 inputs the multiplication result to the first-order lag system model 92.
  • the speed adjustment rate Kgd and the governor time constant Tg used in the governor control circuit 833 are those notified from the CEMS 31 set in a register (not shown) via the eighth control circuit 87 and used. And.
  • the first-order lag system model 92 performs an operation simulating the first-order lag system (1 / (1 + s ⁇ Tg)) using the time constant Tg notified from the eighth control circuit 87, and the calculation result. Is output to the limiter circuit 93.
  • the limiter circuit 93 imposes a limit on the input data. Specifically, the limiter circuit 93 limits the output power of the second DC / AC converter 408 so as not to exceed the power capacity of the second DC / AC converter 408.
  • the adder 835 adds the output of the governor control circuit 833 and the power target value Pref output from the eighth control circuit 87.
  • the power target value Pref the one notified from CEMS 31 is output from the eighth control circuit 87.
  • FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing a detailed configuration of the mass point system arithmetic circuit 837 shown in FIG.
  • the subtractor 101 subtracts the output of the multiplier 103 from the output of the subtractor 836 (FIG. 14), and outputs the subtracted value to the integrator 102.
  • the integrator 102 divides the subtraction result of the subtractor 101 by the inertial constant M output from the eighth control circuit 87, and integrates the division result.
  • the output ⁇ of the integrator 102 corresponds to the difference value with respect to the angular velocity (2 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 60 Hz) of the frequency of the AC voltage.
  • the output ⁇ of the integrator 102 is input to the multiplier 103 and the divider 104.
  • the multiplier 103 multiplies the output ⁇ of the integrator 102 by the braking coefficient Dg given by the eighth control circuit 87, and outputs the multiplication result to the subtractor 101.
  • the divider 104 converts ⁇ into a difference value ⁇ f from the reference frequency Fref (60 Hz) by dividing the output ⁇ of the integrator 102 by 2 ⁇ ⁇ .
  • the adder 105 generates a frequency (Fref + ⁇ f) for voltage control in the inverter voltage control circuit 85 (FIG. 11) by adding the output ⁇ f of the divider 104 and the reference frequency Ref (60 Hz).
  • the frequency information (Ref + ⁇ f) output from the adder 105 is input to the phase calculation circuit 106.
  • the operation of the phase calculation circuit 106 will be described.
  • the frequency information output from the adder 105 (FIG. 16) is integrated by the phase calculation circuit 106 and output as the phase information when the inverter voltage control circuit 85 performs voltage control.
  • the phase information and frequency information output from the quality point system calculation circuit 837 are passed through the second sine wave generation circuit 812 (FIG. 12) in the AC frequency detection circuit 81 and in the inverter voltage control circuit 85. Is input to the third sine wave generation circuit 851 (FIG. 13).
  • the third sine wave generation circuit 851 generates a target value of the AC voltage output from the power conversion device 41 based on the input information.
  • the fourth control circuit 409 confirms whether the measurement data transmission request is received from CEMS 31 by S206.
  • the eighth control circuit 87 (FIG. 11) notifies the CEMS 31 of the measurement data via the communication I / F 412 (FIG. 7) by S207.
  • the eighth control circuit 87 sets the control information reception flag by S209.
  • the eighth control circuit 87 determines whether or not the zero cross point detection flag is set by S210. To confirm. If the zero cross point detection flag is not set (NO in S210), the process returns to S201.
  • the second sine wave generation circuit 812 (FIG. 12) captures the frequency and phase information of the system voltage in S212 by S211. And reset the zero cross point detection flag.
  • the second sine wave generation circuit 812 takes in the frequency and phase information of the system voltage (zero cross point time information in the first embodiment) in S211 by S213. Update to information.
  • the eighth control circuit 87 confirms whether the control information has been received from the CEMS 31 (whether the control information reception flag is set) by S214. If the reception flag is not set (NO in S214), the process is returned to S201.
  • the eighth control circuit 87 receives data of each of the frequency target value (reference frequency Ref) and the power target value Ref by S215. replace.
  • the eighth control circuit 87 updates the control parameters of the virtual synchronous generator control to the control parameters (speed adjustment rate Kgd, braking coefficient Dg, and inertial constant M) received in S216.
  • the eighth control circuit 87 clears (reset) the register (not shown) in which the reception flag is set, and returns the process to S201.
  • the operation plans (power target values) of the storage batteries 40a to 40c created by the CEMS 31 are notified to the corresponding power conversion devices 41a to 41c, respectively. Even if the demand balance changes significantly immediately after the power conversion, the ratio of the output power of the power conversion devices 41a to 41c can be made substantially equal to the ratio of the power target value at the time of creating the operation plan. According to this, when the operation plan (discharge plan) is created so that the SOCs of the storage batteries 40a to 40c become zero almost at the same time after several hours, or the storage batteries 40a to 40c are operated so as to be fully charged almost at the same time.
  • the power conversion device 41 having a relatively small power target value has a high proportion of power.
  • the corresponding storage battery 40 has a SOC of zero prior to the other storage batteries 40.
  • the excess / deficiency power can be prorated to the ratio of the power target value set in the operation plan, so that the SOC is low (that is, the power target value is small). The ratio of the electric power of the storage battery 40 can be kept low.
  • Embodiment 2 In the first embodiment, the configuration in which the CEMS 31 generates the control parameters of the virtual synchronous generator control mounted on the power conversion device 41 and transmits them to the power conversion device 41 has been described. In the second embodiment, a configuration will be described in which the CEMS 31 transmits parameters required for generating control parameters to the power conversion device 41, and the power conversion device 41 generates control parameters using the received parameters.
  • the CEMS 31 in the second embodiment is different from the CEMS 31 in the first embodiment only in the configuration of the control parameter generation circuit 13 (FIG. 5).
  • the distributed power supply management device according to the second embodiment will be described, focusing on the operation of the portion different from the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 42 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the control parameter generation circuit 13 according to the second embodiment.
  • the control parameter generation circuit 13 shown in FIG. 42 excludes the control parameter generation circuit 133 and the virtual synchronous generator model 134 from the control parameter generation circuit 13 shown in FIG. 5, and replaces the control circuit 136 with the control circuit 137. be.
  • the CEMS 31 generates the slope of the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic, the generated slope of the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic, the power target value Def, the system information (the limit value of the system frequency (Fref ⁇ ⁇ Fmax), and the virtual synchronous power generation.
  • the response performance of the machine control and the like are transmitted to the power conversion device 41.
  • the power conversion device 41 generates control parameters using the received data from the CEMS 31 and the capacity of its own static inverter.
  • the configuration in which the CEMS 31 generates the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic is described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the CEMS 31 includes all the information necessary for generating the control parameters or the data generated in the middle. May be transmitted to the power conversion device 41, and the power conversion device 41 may use the received data to generate control parameters. According to this, the amount of data transmitted from the CEMS 31 to the power conversion device 41 can be reduced.
  • the control parameter generation circuit 13 has a reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic calculation circuit 131, a ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic calculation circuit 132, a management circuit 135, and a control circuit 137.
  • the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic calculation circuit 131 calculates the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic based on the information regarding the capacity of the static inverters (second DC / AC converter 408) of the power converters 41a to 41c.
  • the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic calculation circuit 132 calculates the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic based on the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic and the power target value Pref created by the operation plan creation circuit 14 (FIG. 5).
  • the management circuit 135 stores and manages information such as the slope of the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic output from the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic calculation circuit 132 and the power target value Pref in a memory (not shown).
  • the control circuit 137 manages the operations of the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic calculation circuit 131, the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic calculation circuit 132, and the management circuit 135.
  • CEMS 31 according to the second embodiment differs from the operation of the CEMS 31 according to the first embodiment only in the process of generating the control parameters of the virtual synchronous generator control (S056 and 35 in FIG. 34). The operation of different parts will be described below.
  • FIG. 43 is a flowchart showing a process of generating control parameters for virtual synchronous generator control (S056 in FIG. 34). The process shown in FIG. 43 is executed by the control parameter generation circuit 13 (FIG. 42) in the CEMS 31.
  • the control circuit 137 first calculates the power target value from the charge / discharge electric energy of the storage battery 40 for the next 30 minutes created in S054 of FIG. 34 by S0561.
  • inverter capacity Cinv of the second DC / AC converter 408 in the power converter 41 information on the distribution system 24 (system frequency limit value (Fref ⁇ ⁇ Fmax), response performance of virtual synchronous generator control) are collected. do.
  • the storage battery operation plan creation circuit 141 (FIG. 4) creates a power target value Def of each power conversion device 41.
  • the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic calculation circuit 131 calculates the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic according to S0562.
  • the method for creating the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic is the same as the method described in the first embodiment. That is, in the discharge mode or charge mode of the storage battery 40, half of the reference inverter capacity is set as the power target value (positive for discharge, negative for charge), and the static inverter discharges the maximum power.
  • half of the reference inverter capacity is set as the power target value so that the frequency of the AC voltage when the static inverter is charged with the maximum power becomes equal to the upper limit frequency.
  • the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic is created so that the frequency of the AC voltage when the charging power of the static inverter becomes zero becomes equal to the lower limit frequency.
  • the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic calculation circuit 132 creates the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic according to S0563. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 42, when the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic is generated, the reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic calculation circuit 131 calculates the slope of the generated reference ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic by the control circuit 137 and the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic. Output to circuit 132.
  • the control circuit 137 manages the slope of the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic, the power target value Ref, and the system information (Fref ⁇ ⁇ Fmax, response performance of the virtual synchronous generator control, etc.) to the management circuit 135. Output to.
  • the management circuit 135 stores the input information in a storage unit (not shown) for each power conversion device 41. Since the subsequent operations are the same as the operations in the first embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted.
  • FIG. 44 is a flowchart centered on the operation of the fourth control circuit 409 (FIG. 11).
  • the fourth control circuit 409 initializes various control parameters by S200, as in the first embodiment, and a predetermined initial setting is performed. Set to a value.
  • the fourth control circuit 409 collects the measured values of the voltmeters 401, 406, 410 and the ammeters 402, 407, 411 and the status information (SOC, etc.) of the storage battery 40 by S201. do. In the second embodiment, the fourth control circuit 409 calculates the charge / discharge power and the charge / discharge power amount of the storage battery 40 based on the collected data.
  • the fourth control circuit 409 detects the zero crossing point of the AC voltage.
  • the process proceeds to S203 and the zero cross point detection flag is set.
  • the zero cross point indicates the point and time at which the waveform of the AC voltage measured by the voltmeter 410 switches from negative to positive, as in the first embodiment.
  • the AC frequency detection circuit 81 (FIG. 11) calculates the cycle of the AC voltage based on the time information of the zero cross point previously detected by the phase detection circuit 810 (FIG. 12) and the time information of the zero cross point detected this time. , The frequency of the AC voltage is calculated based on the calculated result.
  • the second sine wave generation circuit 812 (FIG. 12) outputs the zero cross point information detected by the phase detection circuit 810 and the frequency information of the AC voltage detected by the frequency detection circuit 811 as sine wave information.
  • the fourth control circuit 409 controls the second DC / AC converter 408 by S204. Similar to the first embodiment, the fourth control circuit 409 controls the second DC / AC converter 408 as a voltage source. Therefore, when the power supplied to the distribution system 24 is insufficient, the fourth control circuit 409 increases the output power of the second DC / AC converter 408, and the power supplied to the distribution system 24 is increased. If it becomes excessive, the output power of the second DC / AC converter 408 is reduced.
  • the effective power calculation circuit 82 calculates the effective power value based on the measured values of the voltmeter 410 and the ammeter 411, and integrates the calculated effective power value. When the zero cross point detection flag is set, the effective power calculation circuit 82 stores the integrated value of the effective power for one cycle of the AC voltage in the storage circuit in the eighth control circuit 87, and sets the integrated value to zero. Initialize to. When the effective power is calculated, the inverter voltage control circuit 85 generates a command value for controlling the second DC / AC converter 408.
  • the fourth control circuit 409 executes virtual synchronous generator control by S205. Similar to the first embodiment, one cycle of the AC voltage is set as the control cycle.
  • the eighth control circuit 87 determines that the control timing has arrived, it causes the virtual synchronous generator control circuit 83 (FIG. 11) to generate frequency and phase information used for voltage control. Instruct.
  • the frequency and phase of the AC voltage generated by the third sine wave generation circuit 851 (FIG. 13) in the inverter voltage control circuit 85 are updated at the zero cross point.
  • the subtractor 832 has a measured value of the frequency of the AC voltage by the AC frequency detection circuit 81 (FIG. 11) and a reference frequency Ref output from the eighth control circuit 87. The deviation is calculated, and the calculated deviation is output to the governor control circuit 833.
  • the governor control circuit 833 multiplies the deviation output from the subtractor 832 and the control parameter (-1 / Kgd) notified from the eighth control circuit 87 by the multiplier 91, and obtains the multiplication result. Output to the primary delay model 92.
  • the speed adjustment rate Kgd and the governor time constant Tg used by the governor control circuit 833 are those generated by the eighth control circuit 87 based on the information notified from the CEMS 31 and set in a register (not shown). And.
  • the first-order lag system model 92 uses the time constant Tg notified from the eighth control circuit 87 to simulate the first-order lag system (1 / (1 + s ⁇ Tg)). Is performed, and the calculation result is output to the limiter circuit 93.
  • the limiter circuit 93 limits the output power of the second DC / AC converter 408 so as not to exceed the power capacity of the second DC / AC converter 408.
  • the adder 835 (FIG. 14) adds the output of the governor control circuit 833 and the power target value Pref output from the eighth control circuit 87.
  • the power target value Pref is notified by CEMS31.
  • the subtractor 836 calculates the deviation between the output of the adder 835 and the measured value of the effective power by the effective power calculation circuit 82 (FIG. 11), and outputs the calculated deviation to the mass point system calculation circuit 837.
  • the subtractor 101 calculates the deviation between the output of the subtractor 836 (FIG. 14) and the output of the multiplier 103, and outputs the calculated deviation to the integrator 102.
  • the adder 102 divides the output of the subtractor 101 by the inertial constant M output from the eighth control circuit 87, and integrates the division result.
  • the output ⁇ (difference value from the angular velocity of the frequency of the AC voltage) of the integrator 102 is input to the multiplier 103 and the divider 104.
  • the multiplier 103 multiplies the output ⁇ of the integrator 102 by the braking coefficient Dg output from the eighth control circuit 87, and outputs the multiplication result to the subtractor 101.
  • the divider 104 converts ⁇ into ⁇ f (difference value from the frequency of the AC voltage) by dividing the output ⁇ of the integrator 102 by 2 ⁇ ⁇ .
  • the adder 105 generates a frequency used for voltage control in the inverter voltage control circuit 85 by adding the output of the divider 104 and the reference frequency Fref (60 Hz) of the AC voltage.
  • the inertial constant M and the braking coefficient Dg used by the mass point system calculation circuit 837 are those generated by the eighth control circuit 87 using the information notified from the CEMS 31 and set in the register (not shown). I will do it.
  • the frequency information output from the adder 105 is output to the phase calculation circuit 106.
  • the phase calculation circuit 106 integrates the frequency information output from the adder 105 to generate the phase information used for voltage control in the inverter voltage control circuit 85.
  • phase information and frequency information output from the quality point system arithmetic circuit 837 pass through the second sine wave generation circuit 812 (FIG. 12) in the AC frequency detection circuit 81, and the third phase information and frequency information in the inverter voltage control circuit 85. It is input to the sine wave generation circuit 851 (FIG. 13).
  • the third sine wave generation circuit 851 generates a target value of the AC voltage output from the power conversion device 41.
  • the fourth control circuit 409 confirms whether the measurement data transmission request has been received from CEMS 31 by S206.
  • the transmission request is received from CEMS 31 (YES in S206)
  • the process proceeds to S207, and the fourth control circuit 409 notifies the CEMS 31 of the measurement data via the communication I / F 412.
  • the fourth control circuit 409 confirms whether the control information is received from CEMS 31 by S208. .. When the control information has been received (YES in S208), the fourth control circuit 409 sets the control information reception flag. When the reception flag is set in S209, or when the control information is not received from CEMS 31 (NO in S208), the fourth control circuit 409 determines whether the zero cross point detection flag is set by S210. Confirm. If the zero cross point detection flag is not set (NO in S210), the process returns to S201.
  • the fourth control circuit 409 proceeds to S211 and takes in the frequency and phase information of the AC voltage into the second sine wave generation circuit 812. At the same time, the zero cross point detection flag is reset by S212.
  • the fourth control circuit 409 uses S213 to transfer the frequency and phase information of the AC voltage to the frequency and phase taken into the second sine wave generation circuit 812 in S211. Update.
  • the fourth control circuit 409 confirms whether the control information from the CEMS 31 has been received (whether the reception flag is set) by S214. If the reception flag is not set (NO in S214), the process returns to S201. On the other hand, when the reception flag is set (YES in S214), the fourth control circuit 409 replaces the frequency target value (reference frequency Ref) and the power target value Ref with the received data by S215, respectively.
  • the eighth control circuit 87 Upon receiving the information for controlling the control parameter in S216, the eighth control circuit 87 generates the control parameter for the virtual synchronous generator control. Specifically, a control parameter is generated based on the slope of the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic generated by the CEMS 31, system information (reference frequency Ref, power target value Ref, ⁇ Fmax, etc.), and its own inverter capacity.
  • the eighth control circuit 87 stores the relationship between the braking coefficient Dg and the system frequency shown in FIG. 19 as table data for each of the plurality of speed adjustment rates Kgd.
  • the eighth control circuit 87 searches for a combination of the speed adjustment rate Kgd and the braking coefficient Dg that match the slope of the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic by referring to the table data based on the information of ⁇ Fmax.
  • the method of generating control parameters for controlling a virtual synchronous generator mounted on the power conversion device 41 is not limited to the above-mentioned method.
  • a method such as incorporating a self-virtual synchronous generator control model or incorporating a mathematical formula expressing virtual synchronous generator control may be used.
  • the eighth control circuit 87 calculates the inertial constant M from the time constant information of the mass point system calculation circuit.
  • the method of calculating the inertial constant M is such that the time constant notified from CEMS 31 and (M / Dg) become equal to each other by using the above equation (3). Is calculated.
  • the eighth control circuit 87 changes (updates) the control parameter by S216.
  • the eighth control circuit 87 clears (reset) a register (not shown) in which the reception flag is set, and returns the process to S201.
  • the plurality of power conversion devices 41 can share the excess / deficiency power according to the ratio of the operation plan (power target value) created by CEMS 31.
  • the processing load of the CEMS 31 can be reduced by mounting a part of the functions mounted on the CEMS 31 on the power conversion device 41.
  • CEMS 31 when implementing virtual synchronous generator control in a household storage battery installed by a general consumer, in the first embodiment, CEMS 31 generates a control parameter for virtual synchronous generator control in hundreds to thousands of household storage batteries. It is necessary to do.
  • the processing load of the CEMS 31 can be reduced by mounting a part of the function of the virtual synchronous generator control on the household storage battery.
  • the CMES 31 is the virtual synchronous generator shown in FIG. It is necessary to have a plurality of types of models or a plurality of types of table data shown in 2 in the embodiment.
  • the number of control parameters to be generated may differ for each virtual synchronous generator control circuit. Even in such a case, the processing of the CEMS 31 can be simplified by configuring each of the power conversion device 41 and the household storage battery to generate control parameters.
  • the control parameters are based on the capacity and the power target value of the static inverter of each power conversion device 41.
  • the insufficient 50% of the power is the power target calculated at the time of creating the operation plan. It is shared based on the ratio of values. Therefore, for example, when the power target values of a plurality of storage batteries 40 are calculated so that the SOC becomes zero almost at the same time when the operation plan is created, the insufficient 50% power is proposed based on the ratio of the power target values. Since it is divided, it can be controlled so that the SOC becomes zero almost at the same time.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and is not limited to this, for example, for energy-creating equipment such as a wind power generator. Needless to say, the same effect can be obtained in a configuration in which virtual synchronous generator control is implemented.
  • a wind power generator has an inertial force because the motor is rotated by a propeller, and has the same effect.
  • the power conversion device for a household storage battery or the power conversion device for an electric vehicle is virtual. Synchronverter control may be implemented and control similar to that performed by CEMS 31 may be performed.
  • the number of power conversion devices connected to the distribution system 24 can be several hundred.
  • the storage battery capacity the same effect can be obtained even if a large capacity (for example, several hundred kW to several MW) such as the storage battery 40 and a household storage battery (several kW) are arranged.
  • the power conversion device 41 for the storage battery 40 has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the power conversion device for controlling the static inverter as a voltage source (for example, a solar cell (household sun)) is described.
  • Control of virtual synchronous generator control using the above-mentioned method also for a configuration in which virtual synchronous generator control is implemented in a system that supplies the generated power of a wind generator and a fuel cell to the distribution system 24 (including batteries). The same effect can be obtained by configuring the parameters to be generated.
  • an in-vehicle storage battery such as an electric vehicle (EV: Electric Vehicle), a plug-in type hybrid vehicle (PHEV: Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle), or a fuel cell vehicle (FCV: Fuel Cell Vehicle).
  • EV Electric Vehicle
  • PHEV Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle
  • FCV Fuel Cell Vehicle
  • the operation is described in the case of single-phase alternating current for the sake of simplicity, or in the description of FIGS. 21 to 31 using a power conversion device 41 having an inverter capacity of several kW. However, it is not limited to this.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and the technique of the present disclosure is applied to the transmission system or the self-sustaining microgrid. However, the same effect is achieved.
  • the three-phase alternating current is exemplified, but it may be a single-phase alternating current or a single-phase three-wire alternating current. Further, even in a configuration in which a power conversion device for a grid storage battery (three-phase alternating current) and a household storage battery system (single-phase alternating current) coexist, control parameters for virtual synchronous generator control are generated using the above method. The same effect can be obtained by configuring it.
  • the control parameters for the virtual synchronous generator control are generated for the static inverter in the power converter 41
  • the control parameters are used by using the capacity and the power target value of the static inverter.
  • the configuration for generating the above is described, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the storage battery capacity of the storage battery 40a is doubled with respect to the capacity of the static inverter in the power conversion device 41a
  • the storage battery capacity of the storage battery 40b is tripled with respect to the capacity of the static inverter in the power conversion device 41b.
  • the operation plan (power target value) is generated in consideration of the capacity ratio, or the above capacity ratio is considered when generating the control parameter. The same effect can be obtained by configuring in this way.
  • the configuration of transmitting the system information and the inclination information of the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristics in addition to the power target value has been described so that the control parameters can be generated in the power conversion device 41.
  • the information to be transmitted is not limited to this, and the same effect can be obtained by configuring the CEMS 31 to transmit information that can generate control parameters in the power conversion device 41.
  • the configuration incorporating the virtual synchronous generator model (FIG. 5) and the relationship between the braking coefficient Dg and the system frequency (FIG. 19) are associated with each of the plurality of speed adjustment rates Kgd for table data. Based on the ⁇ Fmax information, the combination of the speed adjustment rate Kgd and the braking coefficient Dg that almost matches the slope of the ⁇ P / ⁇ F characteristic is searched for, or the relationship between the speed adjustment rate Kgd and the system frequency (FIG. 18).
  • control parameters may be generated so as to operate optimally in a use case assumed by using the distribution system model.
  • AI may be implemented in the configuration and a control parameter may be generated using AI.
  • the communication cycle between the CEMS 31 and the DSO 21 is set to 30 minutes, and the communication cycle between the CEMS 31 and the power conversion device 41 is set to 5 minutes, but the configuration is limited to this. is not it.
  • the communication cycle between the CEMS 31 and the power conversion device 41 may be set to 1 minute.
  • the governor model in the governor control circuit 833 (FIG. 14) is modeled as a first-order lag system, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the second-order lag system or LPF (Low Pass Filter) is used.
  • the governor model may be configured by such as.
  • the mass point system arithmetic circuit 837 (FIG. 14) is modeled by an integrator and a feedback loop, but the model is not limited to this, and the model is, for example, a first-order lag system, a second-order lag system, and an LPF. Needless to say, it may be converted.
  • the VQ control widely used in the virtual synchronous generator control is omitted for the sake of simplicity, but the power conversion in which the VQ control is implemented as the virtual synchronous generator control is implemented. The same effect can be obtained by adopting the present disclosure for the device.
  • the configuration of the mass point system calculation circuit 837 (FIG. 14) is not limited to the circuit shown in FIG.
  • control circuits in the power conversion device 27 and the power conversion device 41 are configured as shown in FIGS. 6 to 16 and the CEMS 31 is shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 in order to make the explanation easy to understand.
  • the same control function can be realized even if the function of each block or a part of the block is configured by software mounted on a CPU (Central Processing Unit).
  • CPU Central Processing Unit
  • similar control functions can be realized by dividing the functions of software and hardware for at least a part of the blocks.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
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