WO2022022642A1 - 空调及除湿方法 - Google Patents

空调及除湿方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022022642A1
WO2022022642A1 PCT/CN2021/109278 CN2021109278W WO2022022642A1 WO 2022022642 A1 WO2022022642 A1 WO 2022022642A1 CN 2021109278 W CN2021109278 W CN 2021109278W WO 2022022642 A1 WO2022022642 A1 WO 2022022642A1
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Prior art keywords
subcooling
tim
solenoid valve
dehumidification
temperature
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PCT/CN2021/109278
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
高福学
金甜甜
荆广财
佘凯
朱洪磊
Original Assignee
山东朗进科技股份有限公司
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Application filed by 山东朗进科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 山东朗进科技股份有限公司
Priority to EP21849227.0A priority Critical patent/EP4190663A1/en
Publication of WO2022022642A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022022642A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
    • B61D27/0018—Air-conditioning means, i.e. combining at least two of the following ways of treating or supplying air, namely heating, cooling or ventilating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/0007—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units
    • F24F1/0083—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units with dehumidification means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
    • F24F11/61—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication using timers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F24F11/65—Electronic processing for selecting an operating mode
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
    • F24F11/84—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/22—Means for preventing condensation or evacuating condensate
    • F24F13/222—Means for preventing condensation or evacuating condensate for evacuating condensate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/30—Arrangement or mounting of heat-exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/10—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/20—Humidity

Definitions

  • the present invention takes the patent document filed on July 29, 2020 with the application number of 202010745945.1 and the title of “An Air Conditioner and a Dehumidification Method” as the priority document, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • the invention belongs to the technical field of refrigeration, in particular to an air conditioner and a dehumidification method for the air conditioner.
  • rail vehicles such as subways and light rails have a large carrying capacity.
  • the ventilation volume of 3 is fresh air, and at the same time, more than half of the heat dissipation of the human body is latent heat load, which leads to the latent heat load used for dehumidification of rail vehicle air conditioning units during the cooling season, which accounts for more than half of the total heat load of air conditioning and refrigeration.
  • Rail vehicles generally do not have an independent dehumidification function, and dehumidification is only used as an auxiliary function during cooling. The dehumidification effect is not ideal, especially when the external air humidity is high, the relative humidity inside the vehicle will reach about 70%.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and deficiencies.
  • an air conditioner that can effectively dehumidify according to relative humidity and ambient temperature is provided, and a dehumidification method is further provided, which is realized by controlling the flow of refrigerant flowing through the cold regenerator.
  • the supercooling dehumidification effect and the adjustment of the dehumidification amount can realize the dual effect of cooling and dehumidification.
  • the present invention first provides a kind of air conditioner, and its technical scheme is:
  • An air conditioner includes a compressor, a four-way valve, an evaporator, an expansion valve, a solenoid valve, a condenser and a controller for controlling the operation of the air conditioner, which are connected into a loop through pipelines, the solenoid valve includes a main valve that can control the opening state respectively.
  • the subcooling solenoid valve is connected to the condenser through a subcooling connecting pipe
  • the main solenoid valve is connected to the condenser through a main connecting pipe
  • the diameter of the subcooling connecting pipe is smaller than that of the main solenoid valve. The diameter of the connecting pipe.
  • each of the subcooling solenoid valves is smaller than that of the main solenoid valve.
  • the present invention further provides a kind of dehumidification method, adopts following technical means:
  • a dehumidification method adopts an air conditioner as described above.
  • the refrigerant enters the condenser through the four-way valve for heat exchange under the action of the compressor.
  • the corresponding control program is selected to control the working state of the main solenoid valve and the subcooling solenoid valve and the opening quantity of the subcooling solenoid valve.
  • the refrigerant passes through the main solenoid valve or the cooling solenoid valve.
  • the expansion valve and the evaporator are used to achieve refrigeration, and finally return to the compressor to complete the process of refrigeration or refrigeration plus subcooling and dehumidification.
  • the controller controls the The number of openings of the subcooling solenoid valve is described to control the amount of subcooling dehumidification.
  • the number of openings of the supercooling solenoid valve is 1, where Tim is the indoor real-time temperature, t1 and t2 is the temperature limit preset by the controller, RH is the indoor relative humidity, and a and b are formula coefficients, empirical values, and constants.
  • the number of openings of the supercooling solenoid valve is 1, where Tim is the Indoor real-time temperature, t1 and t2 are the preset temperature limits of the controller, RH is the indoor relative humidity, c and d are formula coefficients, empirical values, constants, c*Tim+d ⁇ a*Tim+b .
  • n N*0.1*(RH-(c*Tim+d)-Toe/Tim-2)), where Tim is the real-time indoor temperature, and t1 and t2 are the The temperature limit preset by the controller, RH is the indoor relative humidity, a, b, c, d are formula coefficients, empirical values, constants, n is the calculated number of subcooling solenoid valve openings, an integer, calculated The data is rounded up, N is the total number of subcooling solenoid valves, and Toe is the real-time condensing temperature.
  • each of the subcooling solenoid valves is closed, and the main solenoid valve is opened, where Tim is the real-time indoor temperature, and t1 and t2 are the control. the preset temperature limit of the device.
  • the controller periodically receives real-time signals of indoor temperature and relative humidity and compares them with preset values.
  • ⁇ Tim i -Tim (i+1) ⁇ >1°C
  • compare the real-time value of Tim and relative humidity with the preset value again and determine the opening state and opening number of the supercooling solenoid valve.
  • ⁇ Tim i -Tim (i+1) ⁇ 1°C
  • the present invention further provides a kind of air conditioner, and its technical scheme is:
  • An air conditioner includes a controller for controlling the operation of the air conditioner, a compressor, a four-way valve, an evaporator, an expansion valve, a solenoid valve and a condenser connected into a loop through pipelines, wherein the solenoid valve includes a subcooling regenerator and multiple There are subcooling solenoid valves, the outlet of each subcooling solenoid valve is communicated with the inlet of the subcooling regenerator respectively, the outlet of the subcooling regenerator is communicated with the inlet of the expansion valve, the controller According to the comparison result of the indoor temperature and humidity data received in real time and the preset value, the working state of each of the subcooling solenoid valves is controlled to switch the dehumidification amount.
  • the solenoid valve further includes a main solenoid valve, the outlet of the main solenoid valve is communicated with the inlet of the expansion valve, and the controller controls the subcooling solenoid valve, the subcooling regenerator and all the other components.
  • the working state of the main solenoid valve is described, and the operation of independent refrigeration and refrigeration plus subcooling and dehumidification can be realized.
  • each of the subcooling solenoid valves is connected to the condenser through a subcooling connecting pipe
  • the main solenoid valve is connected to the condenser through a main connecting pipe
  • the diameter of the subcooling connecting pipe is smaller than the diameter of the The diameter of the main connecting pipe.
  • each of the subcooling solenoid valves is smaller than that of the main solenoid valve.
  • the present invention further provides a kind of dehumidification method, adopts following technical means:
  • a dehumidification method adopts an air conditioner as described above.
  • the refrigerant enters the condenser through the four-way valve for heat exchange under the action of the compressor.
  • the corresponding control program is selected to control the working state of the subcooling regenerator and a plurality of subcooling solenoid valves. After the heater, it is cooled by an expansion valve and an evaporator, and finally returned to the compressor.
  • the controller controls the opening number of the subcooling solenoid valve and controls the amount of subcooling and dehumidification.
  • the solenoid valve further includes a main solenoid valve, and the controller selects a corresponding control program according to the comparison result of the indoor temperature and humidity data received in real time and a preset value to control the working state of the main solenoid valve.
  • the number of openings of the supercooling solenoid valve is 1, wherein Tim is the indoor temperature, and t1 and t2 are preset by the controller RH is the indoor relative humidity, a and b are formula coefficients, empirical values, and constants.
  • the number of openings of the supercooled solenoid valve is 1, wherein c and d are formula coefficients, empirical values, constants, and c*Tim +d ⁇ a*Tim+b.
  • the solenoid valve further includes a main solenoid valve.
  • t1 ⁇ Tim ⁇ t2, and RH ⁇ a*Tim+b all the subcool solenoid valves are opened, and the main solenoid valve is closed.
  • each of the subcooling solenoid valves is closed and the main solenoid valve is opened, where Tim is the real-time ambient temperature, and t1 and t2 are temperature limits preset by the controller.
  • the controller regularly receives indoor temperature and humidity data, and when ⁇ Tim i -Tim (i+1) ⁇ >1°C, compares and judges the indoor temperature and humidity data obtained in real time with preset values again. , determine the opening state and opening quantity of the supercooling solenoid valve, when ⁇ Tim i -Tim (i+1) ⁇ 1°C, maintain the current opening state, where Tim i is the indoor temperature data at the i-th moment , Tim (i+1) is the indoor temperature data at the (i+1)th time.
  • the present invention provides an air conditioner and a dehumidification method.
  • a subcooling regenerator By setting a subcooling regenerator, it is equivalent to dividing the evaporator into two parts.
  • the air with high humidity behind the evaporator is heated up to condense the water vapor in the air, thereby reducing the relative humidity of the supply air; at the same time, the subcooling heat exchanger, as a part of the evaporator, can further subcool the condensed refrigerant,
  • the subcooling regenerator will not affect the final cooling capacity output of the air-conditioning unit, but it can increase the dehumidification capacity of the air-conditioning unit to reduce the indoor relative humidity.
  • the refrigerant flow through the cold regenerator can synchronously adjust the dehumidification effect and the degree of subcooling; in the heating mode, the main solenoid valve that can be short-circuited to the subcooling regenerator can be set to avoid affecting the heating capacity of the air conditioning unit.
  • Fig. 1 a schematic diagram of an air-conditioning refrigeration structure of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 the dehumidification control flow schematic diagram of a kind of dehumidification method of the present invention
  • compressor 1 fan 2, evaporator 3, expansion valve 4, subcooling regenerator 5, subcooling solenoid valve 6, main solenoid valve 9, condenser 10, condenser fan 11, four-way valve 12, Cold connection pipe 13, main connection pipe 16.
  • the present invention first provides an air conditioner.
  • the above air conditioner includes a compressor 1, a four-way valve 12, an evaporator 3, an expansion valve 4, a solenoid valve, a condenser 10 and a
  • the controller for the operation of the air conditioner, the solenoid valve includes a main solenoid valve 9 that can control the open state and one or more subcooling solenoid valves 6 arranged in parallel, the outlet of the subcooling solenoid valve 6 is connected to the inlet of the subcooling regenerator 5 , the outlet of the subcooling regenerator 5 is connected to the inlet of the expansion valve 4, and the controller controls the working state of each subcooling solenoid valve 6 and the main solenoid valve 9 according to the comparison result of the temperature and humidity data received in real time and the preset value , realize the operation of separate refrigeration, refrigeration plus subcooling dehumidification, and adjust the dehumidification amount by controlling the opening number of the subcooling solenoid valve 6.
  • subcooling solenoid valve refers to the solenoid valve used in the subcooling section.
  • the subcooling regenerator is referred to as a subcooler.
  • the refrigerant in the subcooler is a high temperature and high pressure liquid from the condenser to the evaporator.
  • the low temperature air passing through the evaporator exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the pipeline. After the heat exchange, the temperature decreases and is lower than the saturation temperature under the refrigerant pressure. This section is called subcooling.
  • the connection method of the refrigeration components of the air conditioner provided by the present invention is introduced.
  • the outlet of the compressor 1 is sequentially connected to the four-way valve 12 and the condenser 10 through pipelines. Heat exchange is performed in the condenser 10, and a condenser fan 11 is arranged at the condenser 10 to dissipate the generated heat.
  • the solenoid valve in order to perform effective dehumidification and complete necessary dehumidification operations while achieving refrigeration, includes a main solenoid valve 9 and a subcooling solenoid valve 6, and the main solenoid valve 9 and the subcooling solenoid valve 6 are arranged in parallel, and the The cooling solenoid valve 6 can also be multiple, and they are also arranged in parallel.
  • the inlet of the solenoid valve 9 is connected, and at the same time, the outlet or outlet pipeline of the condenser 10 is communicated with the subcooling solenoid valve 6 through the subcooling connecting pipe 13, and the outlet of the subcooling solenoid valve 6 is connected with the subcooling regenerator 5, and the main solenoid
  • the outlet of the valve 9 and the outlet of the subcooling regenerator 5 are connected with the inlet of the expansion valve 4 after being merged by the pipeline or respectively.
  • the main solenoid valve 9 is closed, and after the refrigerant comes out of the condenser 10, it enters the subcooling regenerator 5 after passing through the cold connecting pipe 13 and the subcooling solenoid valve 6.
  • the refrigerant after heat exchange by the condenser 10 can be further subcooled to increase the cooling output of the evaporator 3.
  • the surrounding air can be heated, and the water vapor in the air can be condensed to achieve subcooling. Dehumidifying effect.
  • the subcooled refrigerant from the subcooled regenerator 5 enters the evaporator 3 through the expansion valve 4, further liquefies, absorbs heat, reduces the temperature of the surrounding air, and realizes the cooling effect.
  • a fan 2 is installed at the evaporator 3 to discharge the cooled air.
  • the subcooling regenerator 5 and the evaporator 3 can be integrated into an integrated structure to reduce the overall volume of the air-conditioning unit. After the air is heated and dehumidified by the cold regenerator 5 and liquefied and cooled by the evaporator 3, it is circulated under the action of the fan 2 to realize the air circulation indoors, inside the unit, and indoors and outdoors.
  • the supercooled regenerator 5 is used to achieve supercooled dehumidification without affecting the subsequent cooling effect and enhance the dehumidification effect. During the cooling process of the evaporator 3, it can achieve a certain dehumidification effect. According to the principle of energy conservation, the subcooling regenerator 5 will not affect the final cooling capacity output of the air conditioner, but as a separate dehumidification function components, which can further improve the dehumidification efficiency of the air conditioner to reduce the indoor relative humidity.
  • the vaporized refrigerant is returned to the compressor 1 to complete a closed-loop process of the refrigerant and complete a refrigeration and dehumidification operation.
  • the refluxed refrigerant runs continuously in a cycle to realize continuous refrigeration and temperature removal operations.
  • the main solenoid valve 9 In the heating mode, the main solenoid valve 9 is opened, all the subcooling solenoid valves 6 are closed, and the refrigerant flows in the reverse direction in the circuit connected by the components described above, but does not flow through the cold regenerator 5, starting from the compressor 1, Back to compressor 1.
  • the controller of the air conditioner After receiving the power-on signal, the controller of the air conditioner selects the corresponding cooling or heating mode according to the ambient temperature or user settings, and then compares it with the preset value according to the received data values of indoor temperature and relative humidity. , determine the opening state of the main solenoid valve 9 and the subcooling solenoid valve 6, determine the flow direction and path of the refrigerant, and select the corresponding control program to realize the adjustment of the dehumidification amount.
  • the subcooling solenoid valve 6 may be one or more. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 , there are three subcooling solenoid valves 6 in total, and the subcooling solenoid valves 6 are arranged in parallel.
  • the cold connection pipes 13 are connected to each other and to the condenser 10 .
  • the diameter of the subcooling connecting pipe 13 is smaller than that of the main connecting pipe 16 connected to the main solenoid valve 9, and the diameter of the subcooling solenoid valve 6 is smaller than that of the main solenoid valve 9, so as to better realize the diversion of the refrigerant without generating energy loss .
  • the solenoid valve can also be replaced by a ball valve, a capillary tube, a one-way valve, etc., which have similar functions of refrigerant circulation and cut-off.
  • the present invention further provides the dehumidification method for the air conditioner described above.
  • the air conditioner does not need dehumidification
  • the main solenoid valve 9 is opened, the three subcooling solenoid valves 6 are closed, and the refrigerant passes through the compressor 1, the evaporator 3 and the After the expansion valve 4, it enters the condenser 10 through the main solenoid valve 9, which is the same as the existing heating mode and will not be repeated.
  • the cooling mode is mainly used, and the dehumidification method provided in this paper is introduced.
  • dehumidification includes ordinary refrigeration dehumidification and refrigeration dehumidification plus supercooling dehumidification.
  • the controller of the air conditioner controls the compressor 1 to work according to the user's needs or program control, and the controller that is electrically connected to each component controls the compressor 1 to start working.
  • the controller detects the user's power-on demand.
  • the controller controls the main solenoid valve 9 to close and the subcooling solenoid valve 6 to open.
  • the refrigerant passes through the parallel subcooling solenoid valves 6 and the subcooling regenerator 5 connected to it to achieve subcooling and dehumidification, the refrigerant passes through the expansion valve 4 and the evaporator 3 to cool the surrounding air and returns to the compressor 1. Complete a refrigeration cycle of the refrigerant to realize the operation of refrigeration and dehumidification.
  • This supercooling dehumidification control method is relatively simple, and the present invention further provides a method based on the real-time data of ambient temperature and relative humidity, which can cooperate with a built-in dehumidification adjustment control program to effectively control indoor humidity.
  • the air-conditioning mechanism also includes one or more temperature sensors and humidity sensors to detect the indoor ambient temperature Tim and the real-time relative humidity value PH in real time. Return air relative humidity to obtain a more accurate indoor actual humidity value for precise control.
  • each sensor transmits the real-time detected temperature/humidity value to the controller in real time or periodically, as shown in Figure 2, the controller compares the real-time data with the preset value stored in the built-in program, and controls the solenoid valve according to the built-in control program The working status of the built-in program is judged according to the following principles in the cooling mode:
  • the ambient temperature Tim is detected in real time.
  • the controller defaults that the ambient temperature is too low and needs heating.
  • Tim>t2 the controller considers that If the ambient temperature is too high, it needs to be refrigerated first to reduce the ambient temperature. Therefore, the dehumidification effect can be achieved synchronously by ordinary refrigeration, and no additional subcooling dehumidification operation is required. Control each subcooling solenoid valve 6 to close, and the main solenoid valve 9 to open , for ordinary refrigeration operations;
  • the controller When the controller detects that the ambient temperature is within the range of t1 ⁇ Tim ⁇ t2, it can directly control the main solenoid valve 9 to close, and each subcooling solenoid valve 6 to open, and can also further detect the relative humidity value, especially the relative humidity at the return air outlet.
  • Humidity RH when the relative humidity RH ⁇ a*Tim+b, the default environment humidity of the controller is too high, and full dehumidification is required.
  • the subcooling solenoid valve 6 is fully opened, and the subcooling dehumidification is increased with cooling, and it is a full effect subcooling dehumidification. operate;
  • the controller When the controller detects that the ambient temperature is within the range of t1 ⁇ Tim ⁇ t2, and when the relative humidity RH ⁇ a*Tim+b, the controller controls the number of subcooling solenoid valves to be opened to 1, the main solenoid valve 9 is closed, and the refrigerant After passing through the condenser 10, a subcooling solenoid valve 6, and the subcooling regenerator 5, it returns to the compressor 1 through the evaporator 3 and the expansion valve 4, and at the same time to achieve refrigeration, a subcooling dehumidification operation is performed separately.
  • the controller can detect the relative humidity RH ⁇ c*Tim+
  • the main solenoid valve 9 is closed, and the number of subcooling solenoid valves 6 is opened, wherein a, b, c, d are calculation coefficients, which can be empirical values, constants, b>d, t1 and t2 are built-in temperature limit. According to the experience summed up from a large number of experiments, the values shown in Table 1 can be adopted for each coefficient/limit value:
  • Table 1 The data in Table 1 is only a reference value. In practical applications, different data can be obtained according to the different cooling capacity of the air conditioner and the different use environments. As shown in Table 2, each coefficient/limit value in this embodiment The value of:
  • control process described above and shown in Figure 2 is only the combined control of the ambient temperature Tim and the measured value of the return air relative humidity RH value at the return air outlet, and the real-time data of Tim and RH can be detected at the same time.
  • the appropriate dehumidification method, the opening state and opening number of the subcooling solenoid valve 6 are comprehensively selected in the preset process, but it cannot be regarded as a restriction on the sequence of the control process, and the temperature/humidity can be determined according to needs. The method of judgment and the order of precedence.
  • the temperature/humidity sensor can detect the ambient temperature Tim value and the relative temperature RH value of the return air in real time, transmit data to the controller in real time, and the controller can adjust the cooling and dehumidification status in real time to realize the stepless adjustment of the dehumidification function; , the controller can regularly receive the data of the ambient temperature Tim and the relative humidity RH and compare them with the preset values. When receiving the next (i+1th) ambient temperature Tim signal value, it first judges the change of Tim.
  • the present invention also provides an air conditioner, as shown in FIG. 1 , the air conditioner includes a controller for controlling the operation of the air conditioner, a compressor 1 , a four-way valve 12 , an evaporator 3 , an expansion valve 4 , an electromagnetic Valve and condenser 10,
  • the solenoid valve includes a subcooling regenerator 5 and a plurality of subcooling solenoid valves 6, the outlets of each of the subcooling solenoid valves 6 are respectively communicated with the inlet of the subcooling regenerator 5, and the subcooling
  • the outlet of the regenerator 5 is communicated with the inlet of the above-mentioned expansion valve 4, and the above-mentioned controller controls the working state of each of the above-mentioned supercooling solenoid valves 6 according to the comparison result of the indoor temperature and humidity data received in real time and the preset value to adjust the dehumidification amount. switch.
  • the air conditioner of the present invention uses the subcooling regenerator to heat up the air with high humidity after passing through the evaporator, so as to condense the water vapor in the air, thereby reducing the relative humidity of the supply air.
  • the amount of dehumidification can be controlled by the number of heaters turned on.
  • the indoor relative humidity can be effectively lowered to ensure a better experience for personnel.
  • the connection method of the refrigeration components of the air conditioner provided by the present invention is introduced.
  • the outlet of the compressor 1 is sequentially connected to the four-way valve 12 and the condenser 10 through pipelines. Heat exchange is performed in the condenser 10, and a condenser fan 11 is arranged at the condenser 10 to dissipate the generated heat.
  • the solenoid valve in order to perform effective dehumidification and complete necessary dehumidification operations while achieving refrigeration, includes a subcooling regenerator 5 and a plurality of subcooling solenoid valves 6, and the plurality of subcooling solenoid valves 6 are arranged in parallel, each The subcooling solenoid valve 6 can be controlled by the controller of the air conditioner to be opened respectively.
  • the outlet or outlet pipeline of the condenser 10 is connected to the subcooling solenoid valve 6 through the subcooling connecting pipe 13, and the outlet of the subcooling solenoid valve 6 is connected to the subcooling and reheating.
  • the outlet of the subcooling regenerator 5 is connected with the inlet of the expansion valve 4 after being merged by the pipeline or respectively.
  • the refrigerant comes out of the condenser 10, after passing through the cold connecting pipe 13 and the subcooling solenoid valve 6, it enters the subcooling regenerator 5 for heat exchange.
  • the refrigerant after heat exchange in the condenser 10 is further subcooled to increase the cooling output of the evaporator 3.
  • the surrounding air can be heated up, and the water vapor in the air can be condensed to achieve the effect of subcooling and dehumidification.
  • the subcooled refrigerant from the subcooled regenerator 5 enters the evaporator 3 through the expansion valve 4, further liquefies, absorbs heat, reduces the temperature of the surrounding air, and realizes the cooling effect.
  • a fan 2 is installed at the evaporator 3 to discharge the cooled air.
  • the subcooling regenerator 5 and the evaporator 3 can be integrated into an integrated structure to reduce the overall volume of the air-conditioning unit. After the air is heated and dehumidified by the cold regenerator 5 and liquefied and cooled by the evaporator 3, it is circulated under the action of the fan 2 to realize the air circulation indoors, inside the unit, and indoors and outdoors.
  • the supercooled regenerator 5 is used to achieve supercooled dehumidification without affecting the subsequent cooling effect and enhance the dehumidification effect. During the cooling process of the evaporator 3, it can achieve a certain dehumidification effect. According to the principle of energy conservation, the subcooling regenerator 5 will not affect the final cooling capacity output of the air conditioner, but as a separate dehumidification function components, which can further improve the dehumidification efficiency of the air conditioner to reduce the indoor relative humidity.
  • the solenoid valve also includes a main solenoid valve, the outlet of the main solenoid valve is communicated with the inlet of the expansion valve, and the controller controls the working states of the supercooling solenoid valve, the supercooling regenerator, and the main solenoid valve, so as to realize independent operation. Refrigeration and refrigeration plus subcooling dehumidification operations.
  • the present invention avoids the influence on the heating capacity of the air-conditioning unit by setting the main electromagnetic valve which can be short-circuited with the subcooling regenerator.
  • the main solenoid valve 9 and the subcooling solenoid valve 6 are arranged in parallel, the main solenoid valve 9 can be controlled by the controller of the air conditioner to open the state, and the outlet or outlet pipeline of the condenser 10 is connected to the main solenoid valve 9 through the main pipeline.
  • the inlets are connected, and the outlet of the main solenoid valve 9 and the outlet of the subcooling regenerator 5 are connected to the inlet of the expansion valve 4 after being merged by the pipeline or respectively.
  • the main solenoid valve 9 In the heating mode, the main solenoid valve 9 is opened, all the subcooling solenoid valves 6 are closed, and the refrigerant flows in the reverse direction in the circuit connected by the above components, but does not flow through the cold regenerator 5, starting from the compressor 1, and then back to compressor 1.
  • the controller of the air conditioner After receiving the power-on signal, the controller of the air conditioner selects the corresponding cooling or heating mode according to the ambient temperature or user settings, and then compares it with the preset value according to the received data values of indoor temperature and relative humidity. , determine the opening state of the main solenoid valve 9 and the subcooling solenoid valve 6, determine the flow direction and path of the refrigerant, and select the corresponding control program to realize the adjustment of the dehumidification amount.
  • FIG. 1 there are three subcooling solenoid valves 6, and each The valves 6 are arranged in parallel, and are connected to each other and to the condenser 10 through the subcooling connecting pipe 13 .
  • Each of the subcooling solenoid valves is connected to the condenser through a subcooling connecting pipe
  • the main solenoid valve is connected to the condenser through a main connecting pipe
  • the diameter of the subcooling connecting pipe is smaller than that of the main connecting pipe.
  • the solenoid valve can also be replaced by a ball valve, a capillary tube, a one-way valve, etc., which can perform similar functions of refrigerant circulation and cut-off.
  • the diameter of each of the subcooling solenoid valves is smaller than that of the main solenoid valve.
  • the present invention also provides the above-mentioned method for dehumidifying the air conditioner.
  • the refrigerant enters the condenser through the four-way valve for heat exchange under the action of the compressor, and the controller calculates the temperature and humidity data received in real time and predicts According to the comparison result of the set values, select the corresponding control program to control the working state of the subcooling regenerator and a plurality of subcooling solenoid valves. After the refrigerant passes through the subcooling solenoid valve and the subcooling regenerator connected to it, Then the expansion valve and the evaporator realize refrigeration, and finally return to the compressor.
  • the above-mentioned controller controls the opening number of the above-mentioned sub-cooling electromagnetic valve, and controls the amount of sub-cooling and dehumidification.
  • the controller of the air conditioner uses the subcooling regenerator to heat up the air with high humidity after passing through the evaporator, so that the water vapor in the air condenses, thereby reducing the relative humidity of the supply air.
  • the number of cold regenerators turned on can control the amount of dehumidification. In the case of high indoor relative humidity, by turning on multiple supercooled regenerators, the indoor relative humidity can be effectively lowered, ensuring a better experience for personnel. good.
  • the above-mentioned solenoid valve further includes a main solenoid valve, and the above-mentioned controller selects a corresponding control program according to the comparison result of the indoor temperature and humidity data received in real time and the preset value to control the work of the above-mentioned main solenoid valve. state.
  • the number of openings of the above-mentioned supercooling solenoid valve is 1, wherein Tim is the indoor temperature, t1 and t2 It is the preset temperature limit for the above controller, RH is the indoor relative humidity, a and b are formula coefficients, empirical values, and constants. At this time, the cooling and dehumidification requirements under the condition of low indoor air humidity can be met.
  • the number of the above-mentioned supercooling solenoid valves to open is 1 , where c and d are formula coefficients, empirical values, and constants, and c*Tim+d ⁇ a*Tim+b.
  • the number of openings of the subcooling solenoid valve is determined by calculation, which further ensures the flexible control of the dehumidification amount; by changing the refrigerant flow rate in the overflow section, the dehumidification amount is adjusted, which is more energy-saving and environmentally friendly.
  • the above-mentioned solenoid valve further includes a main solenoid valve.
  • t1 ⁇ Tim ⁇ t2, and RH ⁇ a*Tim+b it means that the relative humidity in the room is relatively high at this time.
  • all the above-mentioned subcooling solenoid valves are opened, and the above-mentioned main electromagnetic valve is closed.
  • Tim when Tim does not satisfy t1 ⁇ Tim ⁇ t2, that is, when Tim>t2 or Tim ⁇ t1, each of the above-mentioned supercooling solenoid valves is closed, and the main solenoid valve is opened, where Tim is the real-time ambient temperature, t1 and t2 is the temperature limit preset by the controller.
  • the above-mentioned controller regularly receives the indoor temperature and humidity data, and when ⁇ Timi-Tim (i+1) ⁇ >1°C, compare and judge the above-mentioned indoor temperature and humidity data obtained in real time with the preset value again, and determine the opening state and opening number of the above-mentioned supercooling solenoid valve, when ⁇ Timi-Timi+1 ⁇ When ⁇ 1°C, maintain the current open state, where Timi is the indoor temperature data at the i-th time, and Tim(i+1) is the indoor temperature data at the (i+1)-th time. This further achieves energy saving and consumption reduction.
  • control process above and shown in Figure 2 is only the combined control of the ambient temperature Tim and the measured value of the relative humidity RH value of the return air at the return air outlet, and the real-time data of Tim and RH can be detected at the same time.
  • compare the preset data and comprehensively select the appropriate dehumidification method, the opening state and opening number of the supercooling solenoid valve in the preset process, but it cannot be regarded as a restriction on the sequence before and after the control process, and the judgment of temperature/humidity can be determined according to needs. method, sequence.
  • Table 1 shows only reference values. In practical applications, different data can be obtained according to the cooling capacity of the air conditioner and the use environment.
  • Table 2 shows a preferred implementation of this embodiment. In the example, the value of each coefficient/limit value:
  • the air conditioner and dehumidification method provided by the invention can be widely used in heat pump air conditioners, refrigeration air conditioners, and also in ordinary household air conditioners, vehicle air conditioners (automobiles, ordinary rail vehicles, motor vehicles), commercial/home central air conditioners, etc.
  • the ambient temperature is the indoor and vehicle temperature to be cooled/dehumidified.
  • the present invention provides an air conditioner and a dehumidification method.
  • a subcooling regenerator By setting a subcooling regenerator, it is equivalent to dividing the evaporator into two parts.
  • the subcooling heat exchanger as a part of the evaporator, can further subcool the condensed refrigerant.
  • the subcooling regenerator will not affect the final cooling capacity output of the air-conditioning unit, but it can increase the dehumidification capacity of the air-conditioning unit to reduce the indoor relative humidity.
  • the refrigerant flow through the cold regenerator can synchronously adjust the dehumidification effect and the subcooling degree; in the heating mode, the main solenoid valve that can be short-circuited to the subcooling regenerator can be set to avoid affecting the heating capacity of the air-conditioning unit.

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Abstract

一种空调和空调的除湿方法，该空调包括通过管路连接成回路的压缩机（1）、四通阀（12）、蒸发器（3）、膨胀阀（4）、电磁阀、冷凝器（10）以及控制空调运行的控制器，电磁阀包括可分别控制开启状态的主电磁阀（9）和一个或多个并联设置的过冷电磁阀（6），过冷电磁阀（6）的出口与过冷回热器（5）的入口连接，过冷回热器（5）的出口与膨胀阀（4）的进口连接，控制器根据实时接收的温、湿度数据与预设值的比较结果，控制各过冷电磁阀（6）及主电磁阀（9）的工作状态，实现单独制冷、制冷加过冷除湿的操作，并通过控制过冷电磁阀（6）开启数量进行除湿量的调整。该空调通过控制流经过冷回热器的制冷剂流量实现除湿效果和除湿量的调节，实现制冷和过冷除湿的效果。

Description

空调及除湿方法
本发明以2020年7月29日递交的、申请号为202010745945.1且名称为“一种空调及一种除湿方法”的专利文件为优先权文件，该文件的全部内容通过引用结合在本发明中。
技术领域
本发明属于制冷技术领域，尤其是一种空调及该空调的除湿方法。
背景技术
当前，地铁、轻轨等轨道车辆具有较大的运载量，早晚高峰期，车厢内乘客密度可达到6-9人/m 2，为了保证车内乘客的供氧量，轨道车辆内一般有1/3的通风量为新风，同时人体散热中有一半以上为潜热负荷，导致轨道车辆空调机组在制冷季时，用于除湿的潜热负荷占到空调制冷总热负荷的一半以上，但实际上，当前轨道车辆一般未设置独立除湿功能，除湿仅作为制冷时的附属功能，除湿效果并不理想，特别是当外部空气湿度较高时，会造成车内相对湿度可达70％左右，在南方的梅雨季节时甚至会达到80％以上。较大的相对湿度会对乘客产生憋闷感，同时会造成车内细菌和病毒的繁殖，因此在制冷季降低车内相对湿度迫在眉睫。
同样的，普通家用空调或是写字楼等场所使用的商用空调也存在同样的问题，现有的产品及除湿方法无法满足有效除湿的需求。
发明内容
本发明主要目的在于解决上述问题和不足，首先提供了一种可根据相对湿度及环境温度进行有效除湿的空调，并进一步提供一种除湿方法，通过控制流经过冷回热器的制冷剂流量实现过冷除湿效果和除湿量的调节，实现制冷和除湿的双重效果。
为实现上述目的，本发明首先提供了一种空调，其技术方案是：
一种空调，包括通过管路连接成回路的压缩机、四通阀、蒸发器、膨胀阀、电磁阀、冷凝器以及控制空调运行的控制器，所述电磁阀包括可分别控制开启状态的主电磁阀和一个或多个并联设置的过冷电磁阀，所述过冷电磁阀的出口与过冷回热器的入口连接，所述过冷回热器的出口与所述膨胀阀的进口连接，所述控制器根据实时接收的温、湿度数据与预设值的比较结果，控制各所述过冷电磁阀及所述主电磁阀的工作状态，实现单独制冷、制冷加过冷除湿的操作，并通过控制所述过冷电磁阀开启数量进行除湿量的调整。
进一步的，所述过冷电磁阀通过过冷连接管与所述冷凝器连接，所述主电磁阀通过主连接管与所述冷凝器连接，所述过冷连接管的管径小于所述主连接管的管径。
进一步的，各所述过冷电磁阀的口径小于所述主电磁阀。
本发明进一步提供了一种除湿方法，采用如下技术手段：
一种除湿方法，采用如前文所述的一种空调，制冷模式下，制冷剂在压缩机的作用下，经四通阀进入冷凝器换热，控制器根据实时接收的室内温、湿度数据与预设值的比较结果，选择相应的控制程序，控制主电磁阀、过冷电磁阀的工作状态及所述过冷电磁阀的开启数量，所述制冷剂经所述主电磁阀或所述过冷电磁阀及与其连接的所述过冷回热器后，再经膨胀阀、蒸发器实现制冷，最后回流到所述压缩机，完成制冷或制冷加过冷除湿过程，所述控制器控制所述过冷电磁阀的开启数量，控制过冷除湿量。
进一步的，当室内实时温度处于t1≤Tim≤t2范围内，且室内相对湿度RH<a*Tim+b时，所述过冷电磁阀开启数量为1个，其中Tim为室内实时温度，t1和t2为所述控制器预设的温度限值，RH为室内相对湿度，a、b为公式系数，经验值，常数。
进一步的，当所述室内实时温度处于t1≤Tim≤t2范围内，且所述室内相对湿度RH<c*Tim+d时，所述过冷电磁阀开启数量为1个，其中Tim为所述室内实时温度，t1和t2为所述控制器预设的温度限值，RH为所述室内相对湿度，c、d为公式系数，经验值，常数，c*Tim+d≤a*Tim+b。
进一步的，当所述室内实时温度处于t1≤Tim≤t2范围内，所述室内相对湿度处于c*Tim+d≤RH≤a*Tim+b范围内时，所述主电磁阀关闭，所述过冷电磁阀开启数量通过公式n＝N*0.1*(RH-(c*Tim+d)-Toe/Tim-2))计算取得，其中Tim为所述室内实时温度，t1和t2为所述控制器预设的温度限值，RH为所述室内相对湿度，a、b、c、d为公式系数，经验值，常数，n为计算得来的过冷电磁阀开启数量，整数，计算得到数据向上取整，N为过冷电磁阀总数，Toe为实时冷凝温度。
进一步的，当室内实时温度处于t1≤Tim≤t2范围内，且室内相对湿度RH≥a*Tim+b时，所述过冷电磁阀全部开启，所述主电磁阀关闭。
进一步的，当室内实时温度非处于t1≤Tim≤t2范围内时，各所述过冷电磁阀关闭，所述主电磁阀开启，其中Tim为所述室内实时温度，t1和t2为所述控制器预设的温度限值。
进一步的，所述控制器定时接收室内温度和相对湿度的实时信号与预设值进行比较，当接收到下次温度信号值时，当∣Tim i-Tim (i+1)∣>1℃时，重新将Tim与相对湿度实时值与预设值进行比较判断，确定所述过冷电磁阀的开启状态及开启数量，当∣Tim i-Tim (i+1)∣≤1℃时，维持上次的开启状态，其中，Timi为第i时刻的室内温度数据，Tim(i+1)为第(i+1)时刻的室内温度数据。
本发明进一步提供了一种空调，其技术方案是：
一种空调，包括控制空调运行的控制器以及通过管路连接成回路的压缩机、四通阀、蒸发器、膨胀阀、电磁阀以及冷凝器，所述电磁阀包括过冷回热器以及多个过冷电磁阀，各所述过冷电磁阀的出口分别与所述过冷回热器的入口连通，所述过冷回热器的出口与所述膨胀 阀的进口连通，所述控制器根据实时接收的室内温、湿度数据与预设值的比较结果，控制各所述过冷电磁阀的工作状态进行除湿量的切换。
进一步的，所述电磁阀还包括主电磁阀，所述主电磁阀的出口与所述膨胀阀的进口连通，所述控制器控制所述过冷电磁阀、所述过冷回热器以及所述主电磁阀的工作状态，实现单独制冷以及制冷加过冷除湿的操作。
进一步的，各所述过冷电磁阀通过过冷连接管与所述冷凝器连接，所述主电磁阀通过主连接管与所述冷凝器连接，所述过冷连接管的管径小于所述主连接管的管径。
进一步的，各所述过冷电磁阀的口径小于所述主电磁阀的口径。
本发明进一步提供了一种除湿方法，采用如下技术手段：
一种除湿方法，采用如前文所述的一种空调，制冷模式下，制冷剂在压缩机的作用下，经四通阀进入冷凝器换热，控制器根据实时接收的室内温、湿度数据与预设值的比较结果，选择相应的控制程序，控制过冷回热器以及多个过冷电磁阀的工作状态，所述制冷剂经所述过冷电磁阀及与其连接的所述过冷回热器后，再经膨胀阀、蒸发器实现制冷，最后回流到压缩机，所述控制器控制所述过冷电磁阀的开启数量，控制过冷除湿量。
进一步的，所述电磁阀还包括主电磁阀，所述控制器根据实时接收的室内温、湿度数据与预设值的比较结果，选择相应的控制程序，控制所述主电磁阀的工作状态。
进一步的，当t1≤Tim≤t2，且RH<a*Tim+b时，所述过冷电磁阀的开启数量为1个，其中，Tim为室内温度，t1和t2为所述控制器预设的温度限值，RH为室内相对湿度，a、b为公式系数，经验值，常数。
进一步的，当t1≤Tim≤t2，且RH<c*Tim+d时，所述过冷电磁阀开启数量为1个，其中，c、d为公式系数，经验值，常数，且c*Tim+d≤a*Tim+b。
进一步的，当t1≤Tim≤t2，且c*Tim+d≤RH≤a*Tim+b时，所述主电磁阀关闭，所述过冷电磁阀的开启数量通过公式[n]＝N*0.1*(RH-(c*Tim+d)-Toe/Tim-2))计算取得，其中，[n]为计算得到的所述过冷电磁阀开启数量，[n]为整数，[]表示计算得到的数据向上取整，N为过冷电磁阀总数，Toe为实时冷凝温度。
进一步的，所述电磁阀还包括主电磁阀，当t1≤Tim≤t2，且RH≥a*Tim+b时，所述过冷电磁阀全部开启，所述主电磁阀关闭。
进一步的，当Tim不满足t1≤Tim≤t2时，各所述过冷电磁阀关闭，主电磁阀开启，其中Tim为环境实时温度，t1和t2为控制器预设的温度限值。
进一步的，所述控制器定时接收室内温、湿度数据，当∣Tim i-Tim (i+1)∣>1℃，重新将实时获取的所述室内温、湿度数据与预设值进行比较判断，确定所述过冷电磁阀的开启状态及开启数量，当∣Tim i-Tim (i+1)∣≤1℃时，维持当前的开启状态，其中，Tim i为第i时刻的室内温度数据，Tim (i+1)为第(i+1)时刻的室内温度数据。
综上所述，本发明提供的一种空调及一种除湿方法，通过设置过冷回热器，相当于将蒸发器分为两部分，制冷模式下，利用过冷回热器将流经蒸发器后湿度较大的空气进行升温，使空气内的水汽凝结，从而降低送风相对湿度；同时，该过冷换热器作为蒸发器的一部分，可将冷凝后的制冷剂进行进一步过冷，以提高蒸发器冷量的输出，根据能量守恒原理，该过冷回热器不会对空调机组最终的制冷量输出产生影响，但可以提高空调机组的除湿量来降低室内相对湿度，通过控制流经过冷回热器的制冷剂流量同步实现除湿效果和过冷度的调节；制热模式下，通过设置可短接过冷回热器的主电磁阀，避免对空调机组的制热量产生影响。
附图说明
图1：本发明一种空调制冷结构示意图；
图2：本发明一种除湿方法的除湿控制流程示意图；
其中，压缩机1，通风机2，蒸发器3，膨胀阀4，过冷回热器5，过冷电磁阀6，主电磁阀9，冷凝器10，冷凝风机11，四通阀12，过冷连接管13，主连接管16。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图与具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细描述。
本发明首先提供了一种空调，如图1所示，上述空调包括通过管路连接成回路的压缩机1、四通阀12、蒸发器3、膨胀阀4、电磁阀、冷凝器10以及控制空调运行的控制器，电磁阀包括可分别控制开启状态的主电磁阀9和一个或多个并联设置的过冷电磁阀6，过冷电磁阀6的出口与过冷回热器5的入口连接，过冷回热器5的出口与膨胀阀4的进口连接，控制器根据实时接收的温、湿度数据与预设值的比较结果，控制各过冷电磁阀6及主电磁阀9的工作状态，实现单独制冷、制冷加过冷除湿的操作，并通过控制过冷电磁阀6开启数量进行除湿量的调整。
需要说明的是，上述的过冷电磁阀指过冷段用的电磁阀。过冷回热器简称过冷器，其中，过冷器中的制冷剂为冷凝器至蒸发器的高温高压的液体，经过蒸发器的低温空气与管路中的制冷剂进行热交换，制冷剂换热后温度降低，低于冷媒压力下的饱和温度，这一段称为过冷。
以制冷模式制冷剂流向为例，介绍本发明提供的空调的制冷部件的连接方式，如图1所示，压缩机1的出口经管路顺序与四通阀12、冷凝器10连接，制冷剂在冷凝器10内进行换热，冷凝器10处设置有冷凝风机11，将产生的热量散发出去。在本实施例中，为进行有效除湿，实现制冷的同时完成必要的除湿操作，电磁阀包括主电磁阀9和过冷电磁阀6，主电磁阀9和过冷电磁阀6并联设置，且过冷电磁阀6也可为多个，同样并联设置，各过冷电磁阀6和主电磁阀9可由空调的控制器在分别控制开启状态，冷凝器10的出口或出口管路经主管路与主电磁阀9的进口连通，同时，冷凝器10的出口或出口管路通过过冷连接管13与过冷电磁阀6连通，过冷电磁阀6的出口与过冷回热器5连接，主电磁阀9的出口及过冷回热器5的 出口经管路合流后或是分别与膨胀阀4的进口连通。在特定条件下(制冷加过冷除湿模式下)，主电磁阀9关闭，制冷剂从冷凝器10出来后，经过冷连接管13、过冷电磁阀6后进入到过冷回热器5进行换热，可将经冷凝器10换热后的制冷剂进一步过冷，以提高蒸发器3的冷量输出，过冷过程中可使其周围的空气升温，空气中的水汽凝结，实现过冷除湿的效果。从过冷回热器5内出来的过冷后的制冷剂经膨胀阀4后进入蒸发器3，进一步液化，吸收热量，使周围空气温度降低，实现制冷效果。蒸发器3处设置通风机2，将冷却后的空气排出。过冷回热器5与蒸发器3可为一体结构，减小空调机组的整体体积，过冷回热器5设置在通风机2和蒸发器3之间，使一体化蒸发器3附近处的空气经过冷回热器5的升温除湿及蒸发器3的液化降温后，在通风机2作用下，流通起来，实现室内、机组内部、室内外的空气循环。利用过冷回热器5，实现过冷除湿，不影响后续的制冷效果，增强除湿效果。在蒸发器3实现制冷过程中，本身可实现一定的除湿效果，而根据能量守恒原理，该过冷回热器5对空调最终的制冷量输出不会产生影响，但作为单独存在的增加除湿功能部件，可进一步提高空调的除湿效率，以降低室内相对湿度。
汽化后的制冷剂回流压缩机1，完成制冷剂的一个闭合回路流程，完成一次制冷、除湿操作。回流后的制冷剂在压缩机1的驱动下，循环不断的运转，实现连续的制冷、除温操作。
制热模式下，主电磁阀9开启，所有过冷电磁阀6关闭，制冷剂在前文所述部件连接的回路中反向流动，但不流经过冷回热器5，由压缩机1出发，再回到压缩机1内。
空调的控制器在在收到开机信号后，根据环境温度或是用户设置，选择相应的制冷或制热模式，再根据接收到的室内温度、相对湿度的数据值，与预设值进行比较后，确定主电磁阀9和过冷电磁阀6的开启状态，确定制冷剂的流向和路径，并选择相应的控制程序，实现除湿量的调节。
进一步的，过冷电磁阀6可为一个或是多个，在本实施例中，如图1所示，过冷电磁阀6共有三个，各过冷电磁阀6之间并联设置，通过过冷连接管13相互连接并与冷凝器10连接。过冷连接管13的管径小于与主电磁阀9连接的主连接管16，且过冷电磁阀6的口径小于主电磁阀9，以便更好的实现制冷剂的分流，且不产生能量损失。电磁阀也可由球阀、毛细管、单向阀等装置替代，起来类似的制冷剂流通、截止的作用即可。
本发明进一步提供了前文所述的空调的除湿方法，空调在制暖模式下，无需除湿，主电磁阀9打开，三个过冷电磁阀6关闭，制冷剂经压缩机1、蒸发器3和膨胀阀4后，经主电磁阀9进入冷凝器10，与现有制暖模式相同，不做赘述，在本实施例中，主要以制冷模式为主，介绍本文提供的除湿方法，在本实施例中，除湿包括普通制冷除湿及制冷除湿加过冷除湿。
空调的控制器在在接受到开机信号后，根据用户的需求或程序控制，与各部件电连接的控制器控制压缩机1开始工作，控制器检测用户的开机需求，当检测到制冷模式需求时，在制冷模式下，制冷剂在压缩机1的作用下，经四通阀12进入冷凝器10，在冷凝器10换热后，控制器控制主电磁阀9关闭，过冷电磁阀6开启，制冷剂经并联的各过冷电磁阀6及与其连 接的过冷回热器5，实现过冷除湿后，制冷剂再经膨胀阀4、蒸发器3给周围空气降温后回流到压缩机1，完成制冷剂的一个制冷循环，实现制冷及除湿的操作。
此种过冷除湿控制方式较为简单，本发明进一步提供了一种在此基础上可根据环境温度和相对湿度的实时数据，配合内置的除湿调节控制程序，从而有效控制室内湿度。在这种除湿方法中，空调机构还包括一个或多个温度传感器和湿度传感器，实时检测室内环境温度Tim和实时的相对湿度值PH，在本实施例中，相对湿度PH值采用回风口处的回风相对湿度，以获取更准确的室内实际湿度值，进行精准控制，当设有多个温/湿度传感器时，各传感器收集的数据进行加权平均值计算，或通过其他方式进行计算，以确定用于控制除湿调节的数据，此计算方法非本发明重点，可采用现有技术中常用的计算方法、公式，或将来可能出现的其他技术方案，不做要求和限制。各传感器将实时检测到的温/湿度值实时或定时传输给控制器，如图2所示，控制器将实时数据与内置程序中预存的预设值进行对比后，根据内置控制程序控制电磁阀的工作状态，内置程序在制冷模式下以如下原则进行判断：
首先，实时检测环境温度Tim，当环境温度非处于t1≤Tim≤t2范围时，即当Tim＜t1时，控制器默认为环境温度过低，需制暖，当Tim＞t2时，控制器认为环境温度过高，需先进行制冷，以降低环境温度，因此，以普通制冷的方式同步实现除湿效果，不需要进行额外过冷除湿操作，控制各过冷电磁阀6关闭，主电磁阀9打开，进行普通制冷操作；
当控制器检测到环境温度处于t1≤Tim≤t2范围内，可直接控制主电磁阀9关闭，各过冷电磁阀6打开，也可进一步检测相对湿度值，尤其是回风口处的回风相对湿度RH，当相对湿度RH≥a*Tim+b时，控制器默认环境湿度过大，需全力除湿，过冷电磁阀6全部开启，配合制冷，增加过冷除湿，且是全效过冷除湿操作；
当控制器检测到环境温度处于t1≤Tim≤t2范围内，且当相对湿度RH<a*Tim+b时，控制器控制过冷电磁阀开启数量为1个，主电磁阀9关闭，制冷剂经冷凝器10、一个过冷电磁阀6、过冷回热器5后，再经蒸发器3、膨胀阀4回到压缩机1，实现制冷的同时，单独再进行一次过冷除湿操作。因只开一个过冷电磁阀6，过冷除湿能力较低，除湿效率不高，适合空气湿度较低情况；为进一步精准控制除湿能力，可在控制器检测到相对湿度RH<c*Tim+d时，关闭主电磁阀9，过冷电磁阀6开启数量为1个，其中，a、b、c、d为计算系数，可为经验值，常数，b＞d，t1和t2为内置的温度限值。根据大量实验总结得来的经验，各系数/限值可采用表1所示的取值：
表1
t1 t2 a b c d
15-18℃ 31-35℃ -4至-3.6 150-165 -4至-3.6 150-165
表1中的数据仅为参考值，在实际应用中，可根据空调的制冷能力不同，使用环境的不同取用不同的数据，如表2的所示，为本实施例中各系数/限值的取值：
表2
t1 t2 a b c d
17℃ 33℃ -3.33 160 -3.33 150
如表2所示，a＝c，b＞d，在实际应用中，可根据需要，按上述原则，选择合适的a、b、c、d值，但需使a*Tim+b>c*Tim+d，当控制器检测到环境温度处于t1≤Tim≤t2范围内，而相对湿度RH处于c*Tim+d≤RH≤a*Tim+b范围内时，主电磁阀9关闭，过冷电磁阀6开启数量通过公式n＝N*0.1*(RH-(c*Tim+d)-Toe/Tim-2))计算取得，进行过冷除湿量的在线、实时可调，其中n为计算得来的过冷电磁阀6开启数量，整数，当计算值为小数里，向上取，N为过冷电磁阀总数，Toe为实时冷凝温度,通过计算，确定过冷电磁阀的开启数量，通过改变过流段制冷剂流量，调节除湿量，更加节能环保。
需要说明的是，在前文所述以及图2所示的控制流程，仅为环境温度Tim和回风口处回风相对湿度RH值的实测值的组合控制，可同时检测Tim和RH的实时数据并与预设数据进行比较，在预设流程中综合选择合适的除湿方式、过冷电磁阀6的开启状态及开启数量，但不可视为对控制流程前后顺序的限制，可根据需要确定温/湿度的判断方式、先后顺序。
温/湿度传感器可实时检测环境温度Tim值和回风处相对温度RH值，实时向控制器传输数据，控制器实时对制冷、除湿状态进行调节，实现除湿功能的无级调节；为节能降耗，控制器可定时接收环境温度Tim和相对湿度RH的数据并与预设值进行比较，当接收到下次(第i+1次)环境温度Tim信号值时，首先判断Tim的变化情况，当∣Timi-Timi+1∣>1℃时，重新将环境温度Tim及相对湿度RH实时值与预设值按前文所述的方法进行比较判断，重新确定过冷电磁阀6的开启状态及开启数量并调整，当∣Timi-Timi+1∣≤1℃时，维持上次的开启状态，其中i为收集数据的次数，整数。按规定原则，循环进行检测、判断，进行过冷除湿的实时调节。
本发明还提供了一种空调，如图1所示，该空调包括控制空调运行的控制器以及通过管路连接成回路的压缩机1、四通阀12、蒸发器3、膨胀阀4、电磁阀以及冷凝器10，上述电磁阀包括过冷回热器5以及多个过冷电磁阀6，各上述过冷电磁阀6的出口分别与上述过冷回热器5的入口连通，上述过冷回热器5的出口与上述膨胀阀4的进口连通，上述控制器根据实时接收的室内温、湿度数据与预设值的比较结果，控制各上述过冷电磁阀6的工作状态进行除湿量的切换。
本发明的空调器在制冷模式下，利用过冷回热器将流经蒸发器后湿度较大的空气进行升温，使空气内的水汽凝结，从而降低送风相对湿度，通过控制过冷回热器的开启数量，可以控制除湿量的大小，在室内相对湿度较大的情况下，通过开启多个过冷回热器，可以有效地较低室内相对湿度，保证人员的体验感较好。
以制冷模式制冷剂流向为例，介绍本发明提供的空调的制冷部件的连接方式，如图1所示，压缩机1的出口经管路顺序与四通阀12、冷凝器10连接，制冷剂在冷凝器10内进行换热，冷凝器10处设置有冷凝风机11，将产生的热量散发出去。在本实施例中，为进行有效除 湿，实现制冷的同时完成必要的除湿操作，电磁阀包括过冷回热器5以及多个过冷电磁阀6，多个过冷电磁阀6并联设置，各过冷电磁阀6可由空调的控制器分别控制开启状态，冷凝器10的出口或出口管路通过过冷连接管13与过冷电磁阀6连通，过冷电磁阀6的出口与过冷回热器5连接，过冷回热器5的出口经管路合流后或是分别与膨胀阀4的进口连通。在特定条件下(制冷加过冷除湿模式下)，制冷剂从冷凝器10出来后，经过冷连接管13、过冷电磁阀6后进入到过冷回热器5进行换热，可将经冷凝器10换热后的制冷剂进一步过冷，以提高蒸发器3的冷量输出，过冷过程中可使其周围的空气升温，空气中的水汽凝结，实现过冷除湿的效果。从过冷回热器5内出来的过冷后的制冷剂经膨胀阀4后进入蒸发器3，进一步液化，吸收热量，使周围空气温度降低，实现制冷效果。蒸发器3处设置通风机2，将冷却后的空气排出。过冷回热器5与蒸发器3可为一体结构，减小空调机组的整体体积，过冷回热器5设置在通风机2和蒸发器3之间，使一体化蒸发器3附近处的空气经过冷回热器5的升温除湿及蒸发器3的液化降温后，在通风机2作用下，流通起来，实现室内、机组内部、室内外的空气循环。利用过冷回热器5，实现过冷除湿，不影响后续的制冷效果，增强除湿效果。在蒸发器3实现制冷过程中，本身可实现一定的除湿效果，而根据能量守恒原理，该过冷回热器5对空调最终的制冷量输出不会产生影响，但作为单独存在的增加除湿功能部件，可进一步提高空调的除湿效率，以降低室内相对湿度。
上述电磁阀还包括主电磁阀，上述主电磁阀的出口与上述膨胀阀的进口连通，上述控制器控制上述过冷电磁阀、上述过冷回热器以及上述主电磁阀的工作状态，实现单独制冷以及制冷加过冷除湿的操作。本发明通过设置可短接过冷回热器的主电磁阀，避免对空调机组的制热量产生影响。
如图1所示，主电磁阀9和过冷电磁阀6并联设置，主电磁阀9可由空调的控制器控制开启状态，冷凝器10的出口或出口管路经主管路与主电磁阀9的进口连通，主电磁阀9的出口及过冷回热器5的出口经管路合流后或是分别与膨胀阀4的进口连通。制热模式下，主电磁阀9开启，所有过冷电磁阀6关闭，制冷剂在前文上述部件连接的回路中反向流动，但不流经过冷回热器5，由压缩机1出发，再回到压缩机1内。
空调的控制器在在收到开机信号后，根据环境温度或是用户设置，选择相应的制冷或制热模式，再根据接收到的室内温度、相对湿度的数据值，与预设值进行比较后，确定主电磁阀9和过冷电磁阀6的开启状态，确定制冷剂的流向和路径，并选择相应的控制程序，实现除湿量的调节。
在实际的应用过程中，本领域技术人员可以按照实际情况灵活设置过冷电磁阀6的数量，在本实施例中，如图1所示，过冷电磁阀6共有三个，各过冷电磁阀6之间并联设置，通过过冷连接管13相互连接并与冷凝器10连接。
各上述过冷电磁阀通过过冷连接管与上述冷凝器连接，上述主电磁阀通过主连接管与上述冷凝器连接，上述过冷连接管的管径小于上述主连接管的管径。这样可以更好的实现制冷剂的分流，且不产生能量损失。具体地，电磁阀也可由球阀、毛细管、单向阀等装置替代，起来类似的制冷剂流通、截止的作用即可。
为了进一步地保证制冷剂的分流效果较好，同时进一步地保证能量损失较少，根据本申请的一种具体的实施例，各上述过冷电磁阀的口径小于上述主电磁阀的口径。
本发明还提供了一种上述的空调的除湿方法，制冷模式下，制冷剂在压缩机的作用下，经四通阀进入冷凝器换热，控制器根据实时接收的室内温、湿度数据与预设值的比较结果，选择相应的控制程序，控制过冷回热器以及多个过冷电磁阀的工作状态，上述制冷剂经上述过冷电磁阀及与其连接的上述过冷回热器后，再经膨胀阀、蒸发器实现制冷，最后回流到压缩机，上述控制器控制上述过冷电磁阀的开启数量，控制过冷除湿量。
上述的除湿方法，制冷模式下，空调的控制器利用过冷回热器将流经蒸发器后湿度较大的空气进行升温，使空气内的水汽凝结，从而降低送风相对湿度，通过控制过冷回热器的开启数量，可以控制除湿量的大小，在室内相对湿度较大的情况下，通过开启多个过冷回热器，可以有效地较低室内相对湿度，保证人员的体验感较好。
一种具体的实施例中，上述电磁阀还包括主电磁阀，上述控制器根据实时接收的室内温、湿度数据与预设值的比较结果，选择相应的控制程序，控制上述主电磁阀的工作状态。
根据本申请的一种具体的实施例，当t1≤Tim≤t2，且RH<a*Tim+b时，上述过冷电磁阀的开启数量为1个，其中，Tim为室内温度，t1和t2为上述控制器预设的温度限值，RH为室内相对湿度，a、b为公式系数，经验值，常数。此时可满足室内空气湿度较低的情况下的制冷除湿需求。
为了进一步地保证较为精准地控制除湿能力，根据本申请的再一种具体的实施例，当t1≤Tim≤t2，且RH<c*Tim+d时，上述过冷电磁阀开启数量为1个，其中，c、d为公式系数，经验值，常数，且c*Tim+d≤a*Tim+b。
本申请的又一种具体的实施例中，当t1≤Tim≤t2，且c*Tim+d≤RH≤a*Tim+b时，上述主电磁阀关闭，上述过冷电磁阀的开启数量通过公式[n]＝N*0.1*(RH-(c*Tim+d)-Toe/Tim-2))计算取得，其中，[n]为计算得到的上述过冷电磁阀开启数量，[n]为整数，[]表示计算得到的数据向上取整，N为过冷电磁阀总数，Toe为实时冷凝温度。本申请的除湿方法，通过计算确定过冷电磁阀的开启数量，进一步地保证了对除湿量的灵活控制；通过改变过流段制冷剂流量，调节除湿量，更加节能环保。
本申请的另一种具体的实施例中，上述电磁阀还包括主电磁阀，当t1≤Tim≤t2，且RH≥a*Tim+b时，说明此时室内的相对湿度较大，这种情况下，为了进一步地保证室内人员的体验感较好，上述过冷电磁阀全部开启，上述主电磁阀关闭。
在实际的应用过程中，Tim不满足t1≤Tim≤t2时，，即Tim＞t2或者Tim＜t1时，各上述过冷电磁阀关闭，主电磁阀开启，其中Tim为环境实时温度，t1和t2为控制器预设的温度限值。
为了进一步地实现对除湿量的实时调节的同时，保证空调器的能耗较低，根据本申请的再一种具体的实施例，上述控制器定时接收室内温、湿度数据，当∣Timi-Tim(i+1)∣>1℃， 重新将实时获取的上述室内温、湿度数据与预设值进行比较判断，确定上述过冷电磁阀的开启状态及开启数量，当∣Timi-Timi+1∣≤1℃时，维持当前的开启状态，其中，Timi为第i时刻的室内温度数据，Tim(i+1)为第(i+1)时刻的室内温度数据。这样进一步地实现了节能降耗。
需要说明的是，在前文上述以及图2所示的控制流程，仅为环境温度Tim和回风口处回风相对湿度RH值的实测值的组合控制，可同时检测Tim和RH的实时数据并与预设数据进行比较，在预设流程中综合选择合适的除湿方式、过冷电磁阀的开启状态及开启数量，但不可视为对控制流程前后顺序的限制，可根据需要确定温/湿度的判断方式、先后顺序。
本领域技术人员可以根据实际情况灵活设置上述的a、b、c、d、t1以及t2的值。根据大量实验总结得来的经验，各系数/限值可采用表1所示的取值：
表1
t1 t2 a b c d
15-18℃ 31-35℃ -4至-3.6 150-165 -4至-3.6 150-165
当然，上表1中的数据仅为参考值，在实际应用中，可根据空调的制冷能力不同，使用环境的不同取用不同的数据，表2示出了本实施例的一种优选的实施例中，各系数/限值的取值：
表2
t1 t2 a b c d
17℃ 33℃ -3.33 160 -3.33 150
本发明提供的一种空调及除湿方法，可广泛应用在热泵空调、制冷空调，也可应用在普通家用空调、车载空调(汽车、普通轨道车辆、动车)、商/家用中央空调等，不做要求和限制，环境温度为待制冷/除湿的室内、车内温度。
综上所述，本发明提供的一种空调及一种除湿方法，通过设置过冷回热器，相当于将蒸发器分为两部分，制冷模式下，利用过冷回热器将流经蒸发器处湿度较大的空气进行升温，使空气内的水汽凝结，从而降低送风相对湿度；同时，该过冷换热器作为蒸发器的一部分，可将冷凝后的制冷剂进行进一步过冷，以提高蒸发器冷量的输出，根据能量守恒原理，该过冷回热器不会对空调机组最终的制冷量输出产生影响，但可以提高空调机组的除湿量来降低室内相对湿度，通过控制流经过冷回热器的制冷剂流量同步实现除湿效果和过冷度的调节；制热模式下，通过设置可短接过冷回热器的主电磁阀，避免对空调机组的制热量产生影响。
如上所述，结合所给出的方案内容，可以衍生出类似的技术方案。但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。

Claims (22)

  1. 一种空调，包括通过管路连接成回路的压缩机、四通阀、蒸发器、膨胀阀、电磁阀、冷凝器以及控制空调运行的控制器，其特征在于：所述电磁阀包括可分别控制开启状态的主电磁阀和一个或多个并联设置的过冷电磁阀，所述过冷电磁阀的出口与过冷回热器的入口连接，所述过冷回热器的出口与所述膨胀阀的进口连接，所述控制器根据实时接收的室内温、湿度数据与预设值的比较结果，控制各所述过冷电磁阀及所述主电磁阀的工作状态，实现单独制冷、制冷加过冷除湿的操作，并通过控制所述过冷电磁阀开启数量进行除湿量的切换。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种空调，其特征在于：所述过冷电磁阀通过过冷连接管与所述冷凝器连接，所述主电磁阀通过主连接管与所述冷凝器连接，所述过冷连接管的管径小于所述主连接管的管径。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种空调，其特征在于：各所述过冷电磁阀的口径小于所述主电磁阀。
  4. 一种除湿方法，其特征在于：采用如权利要求1至3任一项所述的一种空调，制冷模式下，制冷剂在压缩机的作用下，经四通阀进入冷凝器换热，控制器根据实时接收的室内温、湿度数据与预设值的比较结果，选择相应的控制程序，控制主电磁阀、过冷电磁阀的工作状态及所述过冷电磁阀的开启数量，所述制冷剂经所述主电磁阀或所述过冷电磁阀及与其连接的所述过冷回热器后，再经膨胀阀、蒸发器实现制冷，最后回流到所述压缩机，完成制冷或制冷加过冷除湿过程，所述控制器控制所述过冷电磁阀的开启数量，控制过冷除湿量。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的一种除湿方法，其特征在于：当室内实时温度处于t1≤Tim≤t2范围内，且室内相对湿度RH<a*Tim+b时，所述过冷电磁阀开启数量为1个，其中Tim为室内实时温度，t1和t2为所述控制器预设的温度限值，RH为室内相对湿度，a、b为公式系数，经验值，常数。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的一种除湿方法，其特征在于：当所述室内实时温度处于t1≤Tim≤t2范围内，且所述室内相对湿度RH<c*Tim+d时，所述过冷电磁阀开启数量为1个，其中Tim为所述室内实时温度，t1和t2为所述控制器预设的温度限值，RH为所述室内相对湿度，c、d为公式系数，经验值，常数，c*Tim+d≤a*Tim+b。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的一种除湿方法，其特征在于：当所述室内实时温度处于t1≤Tim≤t2范围内，所述室内相对湿度处于c*Tim+d≤RH≤a*Tim+b范围内时，所述主电磁阀关闭，所述过冷电磁阀开启数量通过公式n＝N*0.1*(RH-(c*Tim+d)-Toe/Tim-2))计算取得，其中Tim为所述室内实时温度，t1和t2为所述控制器预设的温度限值，RH为所述室内相对湿度，a、b、c、d为公式系数，经验值，常数，n为计算得来的过冷电磁阀开启数量，整数，计算得到数据向上取整，N为过冷电磁阀总数，Toe为实时冷凝温度。
  8. 如权利要求4所述的一种除湿方法，其特征在于：当室内实时温度处于t1≤Tim≤t2范围内，且室内相对湿度RH≥a*Tim+b时，所述过冷电磁阀全部开启，所述主电磁阀关闭。
  9. 如权利要求4所述的一种除湿方法，其特征在于：当室内实时温度非处于t1≤Tim≤t2范围内时，各所述过冷电磁阀关闭，所述主电磁阀开启，其中Tim为所述室内实时温度，t1和t2为所述控制器预设的温度限值。
  10. 如权利要求4至9任一项所述的一种除湿方法，其特征在于：所述控制器定时接收室内温度和相对湿度的实时信号与预设值进行比较，当接收到下次温度信号值时，当∣Tim i-Tim (i+1)∣>1℃时，重新将Tim与相对湿度实时值与预设值进行比较判断，确定所述过冷电磁阀的开启状态及开启数量，当∣Tim i-Tim (i+1)∣≤1℃时，维持上次的开启状态，其中，Timi为第i时刻的室内温度数据，Tim(i+1)为第(i+1)时刻的室内温度数据。
  11. 一种空调，包括控制空调运行的控制器以及通过管路连接成回路的压缩机、四通阀、蒸发器、膨胀阀、电磁阀以及冷凝器，其特征在于：所述电磁阀包括过冷回热器以及多个过冷电磁阀，各所述过冷电磁阀的出口分别与所述过冷回热器的入口连通，所述过冷回热器的出口与所述膨胀阀的进口连通，所述控制器根据实时接收的室内温、湿度数据与预设值的比较结果，控制各所述过冷电磁阀的工作状态进行除湿量的切换。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的一种空调，其特征在于：所述电磁阀还包括主电磁阀，所述主电磁阀的出口与所述膨胀阀的进口连通，所述控制器控制所述过冷电磁阀、所述过冷回热器以及所述主电磁阀的工作状态，实现单独制冷以及制冷加过冷除湿的操作。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的一种空调，其特征在于：各所述过冷电磁阀通过过冷连接管与所述冷凝器连接，所述主电磁阀通过主连接管与所述冷凝器连接，所述过冷连接管的管径小于所述主连接管的管径。
  14. 如权利要求12所述的一种空调，其特征在于：各所述过冷电磁阀的口径小于所述主电磁阀的口径。
  15. 一种除湿方法，其特征在于：采用如权利要求4至7任一项所述的一种空调，制冷模式下，制冷剂在压缩机的作用下，经四通阀进入冷凝器换热，控制器根据实时接收的室内温、湿度数据与预设值的比较结果，选择相应的控制程序，控制过冷回热器以及多个过冷电磁阀的工作状态，所述制冷剂经所述过冷电磁阀及与其连接的所述过冷回热器后，再经膨胀阀、蒸发器实现制冷，最后回流到压缩机，所述控制器控制所述过冷电磁阀的开启数量，控制过冷除湿量。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的一种除湿方法，其特征在于：所述电磁阀还包括主电磁阀，所述控制器根据实时接收的室内温、湿度数据与预设值的比较结果，选择相应的控制程序，控制所述主电磁阀的工作状态。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的一种除湿方法，其特征在于：当t1≤Tim≤t2，且RH<a*Tim+b时，所述过冷电磁阀的开启数量为1个，其中，Tim为室内温度，t1和t2为所述控制器预设的温度限值，RH为室内相对湿度，a、b为公式系数，经验值，常数。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的一种除湿方法，其特征在于：当t1≤Tim≤t2，且RH<c*Tim+d时，所述过冷电磁阀开启数量为1个，其中，c、d为公式系数，经验值，常数，且c*Tim+d≤a*Tim+b。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的一种除湿方法，其特征在于：当t1≤Tim≤t2，且c*Tim+d≤RH≤a*Tim+b时，所述主电磁阀关闭，所述过冷电磁阀的开启数量通过公式[n]＝N*0.1*(RH-(c*Tim+d)-Toe/Tim-2))计算取得，其中，[n]为计算得到的所述过冷电磁阀开启数量，[n]为整数，[]表示计算得到的数据向上取整，N为过冷电磁阀总数，Toe为实时冷凝温度。
  20. 如权利要求15所述的一种除湿方法，其特征在于：所述电磁阀还包括主电磁阀，当t1≤Tim≤t2，且RH≥a*Tim+b时，所述过冷电磁阀全部开启，所述主电磁阀关闭。
  21. 如权利要求15所述的一种除湿方法，其特征在于：当Tim不满足t1≤Tim≤t2时，各所述过冷电磁阀关闭，主电磁阀开启，其中Tim为环境实时温度，t1和t2为控制器预设的温度限值。
  22. 如权利要求15至21任一项所述的一种除湿方法，其特征在于：所述控制器定时接收室内温、湿度数据，当∣Tim i-Tim (i+1)∣>1℃，重新将实时获取的所述室内温、湿度数据与预设值进行比较判断，确定所述过冷电磁阀的开启状态及开启数量，当∣Tim i-Tim (i+1)∣≤1℃时，维持当前的开启状态，其中，Tim i为第i时刻的室内温度数据，Tim (i+1)为第(i+1)时刻的室内温度数据。
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CN111845821A (zh) * 2020-07-29 2020-10-30 山东朗进科技股份有限公司 一种空调及一种除湿方法

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