WO2022017277A1 - 光机照明系统 - Google Patents

光机照明系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022017277A1
WO2022017277A1 PCT/CN2021/106753 CN2021106753W WO2022017277A1 WO 2022017277 A1 WO2022017277 A1 WO 2022017277A1 CN 2021106753 W CN2021106753 W CN 2021106753W WO 2022017277 A1 WO2022017277 A1 WO 2022017277A1
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Prior art keywords
light
color
polarized light
polarized
spatial
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵鹏
许擎栋
胡飞
李屹
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Shenzhen Appotronics Corp Ltd
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Appotronics Corp Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/2006—Lamp housings characterised by the light source
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
    • G02B27/1006—Beam splitting or combining systems for splitting or combining different wavelengths
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
    • G02B27/283—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for beam splitting or combining
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/2006—Lamp housings characterised by the light source
    • G03B21/2033—LED or laser light sources
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/2066—Reflectors in illumination beam
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/2073—Polarisers in the lamp house
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/208—Homogenising, shaping of the illumination light
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/74—Projection arrangements for image reproduction, e.g. using eidophor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
    • H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
    • H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
    • H04N9/3102—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM] using two-dimensional electronic spatial light modulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
    • H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
    • H04N9/3141—Constructional details thereof
    • H04N9/315—Modulator illumination systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
    • H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
    • H04N9/3141—Constructional details thereof
    • H04N9/315—Modulator illumination systems
    • H04N9/3161—Modulator illumination systems using laser light sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
    • H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
    • H04N9/3141—Constructional details thereof
    • H04N9/315—Modulator illumination systems
    • H04N9/3167—Modulator illumination systems for polarizing the light beam

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of projection technology, in particular to an opto-mechanical lighting system.
  • transmissive and reflective spatial light modulators such as LCD (Liquid Crystal Display, liquid crystal display), which rely on the photoelectric effect of liquid crystal molecules, through the external electric field to make the LCD. The refraction characteristics of the liquid crystal molecules on the panel are changed, thereby realizing the gray scale of the picture.
  • Reflective spatial light modulators mainly include DMD (Digital Micromirror Device, digital micromirror device) and LCOS (Liquid Crystal on Silicon, liquid crystal on silicon) two categories.
  • DMD can be described as a semiconductor switch, which consists of 500,000 to 1.3 million micromirrors gathered on a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) silicon substrate, each micromirror represents a pixel, through the micromirror The flip timing to control the grayscale of the pixel.
  • the flipping of a normal micromirror is divided into crossover time and switch time, which represent the state transition time of the micromirror and the minimum interval between two consecutive state switches, respectively.
  • Figure 1 shows the flipping timing of the DMD lens in the related art. In a single DMD system, the timing interval shown in Figure 1 can achieve 8-bit grayscale for RGB three colors, and if it is a dual DMD system or a triple DMD system, Then more grayscales of the image can be achieved.
  • the uniform illumination incident on the spatial light modulator is modulated to form a picture, and the high brightness of the picture can be achieved by increasing the optical power incident on the spatial light modulator per unit time.
  • the thermal load caused by illumination restricts the further improvement of the optical power on the spatial light modulator.
  • DMD when uniform light hits the micromirror, on the one hand, the specular reflection will generate a part of the heat. A part of the energy will be reserved for the light irradiated on the projection chip, so that the light irradiated on the chip will exceed a part of the edge of the chip, and the ratio of the light energy exceeding the chip to the total energy of the light is called overfill in the art.
  • the utilization rate of the light source is the highest, but in practical applications, a certain overfill will be reserved. However, the larger the overfill, the lower the utilization rate of the light source used for imaging; the overfill is too small Then there will be a dark band problem), and this part of the light is almost completely converted into heat.
  • the related art ensures the heat dissipation capability of the DMD by improving the quality of the light spot incident on the spatial light modulator, reducing the overfill, or designing a structure conducive to heat dissipation, thereby reducing the heat load caused by illumination.
  • these methods have complex structures and high costs.
  • balancing the thermal load on each spatial light modulator is also a method to increase the optical power incident on the spatial light modulator per unit time.
  • 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual DMD projection system 100 in the related art.
  • the dual DMD projection system 100 generates blue excitation light through the first laser group 111, which is used to excite the wavelength conversion device 120 to generate yellow fluorescence.
  • the fluorescence is split by the spectroscopic device 130 to generate red light and green light, which are respectively distributed to the first DMD 141 and the second DMD 142.
  • the second laser group 112 provides blue laser light to fill in the first DMD 141 in time, which can be in a specific color gamut.
  • the thermal power consumption balance of the dual spatial light modulator is achieved under the requirements.
  • the optical power of different color lights in different color gamuts there are great differences in the optical power of different color lights in different color gamuts.
  • the wavelength range of green light is 490nm-580nm, and its luminous efficacy is 509lm/W
  • the wavelength of green light is 509lm/W. It is 525nm, and its luminous efficacy reaches 541.8lm/W.
  • the luminous efficacy of the three-color light is very different, and the optical power of the three-color light required to synthesize white light will also be different. Due to the broad spectrum characteristics of fluorescence, the corresponding color gamut of the dual DMD projection system 100 is narrower, and it is difficult to adapt to the requirements of different color gamuts. At the same time, the dual DMD projection system 100 cannot achieve dynamic adjustment when balancing optical power.
  • the purpose of the present application is to provide an opto-mechanical lighting system to solve the above problems.
  • the embodiments of the present application achieve the above objects through the following technical solutions.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides an opto-mechanical lighting system, including a light source module, a first spatial light modulator, a second spatial light modulator, a first light splitting and combining device, and a second light splitting and combining device; the light source module is used to emit light Three primary color lights, the three primary color lights include a first color light, a second color light and a third color light, the optical power of the third color light is greater than the optical power of the first color light, and is greater than the optical power of the second color light, the third color light includes the first color light.
  • the first light splitting and combining device is used for guiding the first polarized light to the first spatial light modulator for modulation, and for guiding the second polarized light to the second spatial light modulator for modulation modulation, the first light splitting and combining device is further used for guiding the first color light to the first spatial light modulator or the second spatial light modulator for modulation, and for guiding the second color light to the first spatial light modulator or The second spatial light modulator modulates; the second light splitting and combining device is used to combine the first color light, the second color light, the first polarized light and the third color light modulated by the first spatial light modulator and the second spatial light modulator The two polarized light is combined and emitted.
  • the light source module is further configured to adjust the ratio of the first polarized light and the second polarized light.
  • the light source module includes a first laser, a second laser, a third laser and a polarization converter, the first laser is used for emitting the first color light; the second laser is used for emitting the second color light; The three lasers are used to emit the third color light; the polarization converter is used to convert the polarization state of the third color light to obtain the first polarized light and the second polarized light, and to adjust the ratio between the first polarized light and the second polarized light .
  • the light source module includes a first laser, a second laser, a first polarized laser and a second polarized laser, the first laser is used for emitting the first color light; the second laser is used for emitting the second color light ; The first polarized light laser is used to emit the first polarized light; the second polarized light laser emits the second polarized light.
  • the light source module further includes a polarizing light reflecting mirror and a polarizing light combining device; the polarizing light reflecting mirror is used for guiding the first polarized light to the polarizing light combining device, or for guiding the second polarized light to the polarized light combining device A light combining device; the polarizing light combining device is used to combine the first polarized light and the second polarized light to form a third color light.
  • the first color light is red light
  • the second color light is blue light
  • the third color light is green light
  • the first polarized light is green P-polarized light
  • the second polarized light is green S-polarized light
  • the light splitting device is used for directing red and green S-polarized light to the first spatial light modulator for modulation, and for directing blue and green P-polarized light to the second spatial light modulator for modulation.
  • the opto-mechanical lighting system further includes a first dichroic filter and a second dichroic filter, and the first dichroic filter is disposed on the light splitting surface of the first light splitting device , the second dichroic filter is arranged on the light splitting surface of the second light splitting and light combining device.
  • the first color light is green light
  • the second color light is blue light
  • the third color light is red light
  • the first polarized light is red P-polarized light
  • the second second polarized light is red S-polarized light
  • a light splitting device is used for guiding green light, blue light and red S-polarized light to the first spatial light modulator for modulation, and for guiding red P-polarized light to the second spatial light modulator for modulation.
  • the optomechanical lighting system further includes a first polarizing bandpass filter and a second polarizing bandpass filter, and the first polarizing bandpass filter is disposed on the light splitting surface of the first light splitting and combining device , the second polarizing bandpass filter is arranged on the light splitting surface of the second light splitting and light combining device.
  • the opto-mechanical lighting system further includes a reflective lens, a homogenizing device and a relay lens group; the reflective lens is used to guide the light of the three primary colors emitted by the light source module to the homogenizing device, and the homogenizing device is used for reflecting The light of the three primary colors emitted by the lens is homogenized, and the relay lens group is used for relaying the light of the three primary colors emitted by the homogenizing device to the first light splitting and combining device.
  • the opto-mechanical lighting system uses three primary color lights emitted by the light source module as projection light, and divides the third color light with the highest optical power into first polarized light and second polarized light
  • the first light splitting and combining device can evenly distribute the first color light, the second color light, the first polarized light and the second polarized light to the two spatial light modulators for modulation, so as to realize the dual spatial light modulator in a wide color gamut.
  • Optical power balance while balancing the thermal load of the dual spatial light modulator, enables the dual spatial light modulator to work at full load under ideal conditions, increasing the light output of the projection and achieving high brightness of the picture.
  • FIG. 1 is a timing chart of the inversion of a DMD lens in the related art.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual DMD projection system in the related art.
  • FIG. 3 is a comparison diagram of pictures of different bit depths in the related art.
  • FIG. 4 is a color light timing diagram of a single DMD and a dual DMD in the related art.
  • FIG. 5 is a CIE 1931 color gamut diagram in the related art.
  • FIG. 6 is a coordinate diagram of visual effect function of color light of different wavelengths in the related art.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an opto-mechanical lighting system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the power ratio of the sum of the blue-green laser power and the red laser power and the wavelength of the red laser in the related art.
  • FIG. 9 is a P-polarized light gating spectrum of the dichroic filter provided by the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 .
  • FIG. 10 is the S-polarized light gating spectrum of the dichroic filter provided by the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 .
  • FIG. 11 is a color light timing diagram of the single DMD and opto-mechanical lighting system provided by the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 .
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an opto-mechanical lighting system provided by another implementation manner of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 .
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an opto-mechanical lighting system provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is the color coordinates of the three primary colors specified in the Rec.2020 color gamut in the related art.
  • FIG. 15 is the spectrum of the polarizing bandpass filter provided by the embodiment shown in FIG. 13 .
  • FIG. 16 is a color light timing diagram of the single DMD and opto-mechanical lighting system provided by the embodiment shown in FIG. 13 .
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of an opto-mechanical lighting system provided by another implementation manner of the embodiment shown in FIG. 13 .
  • the optical power balance of the spatial light modulator while balancing the thermal load of the dual spatial light modulator, enables the spatial light modulator to work at full load under ideal conditions, enhances the projected light output, and achieves high brightness of the picture.
  • the dual spatial light modulator projection system provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied to cinema projectors, educational projectors, laser TVs, micro projectors, engineering projectors, etc., which is not specifically limited in the present application.
  • bit depth which indicates the number of bits required for the grayscale information of a pixel in a grayscale image.
  • bit depth indicates the number of bits required for the grayscale information of a pixel in a grayscale image.
  • FIG. 3 shows a comparison diagram of pictures with different bit depths in the related art. It can be seen that the greater the bit depth, the more delicate and richer the image picture will be. Therefore, increasing the bit depth is a very important indicator in the display industry, and it is also the pursuit of high-end displays in the future.
  • the realization of different gray scales can be obtained by adjusting the duty cycle of the spatial light modulator in time. For example, for DMD, realizing white light in a certain color gamut requires the color light timing diagram of single DMD and double DMD shown in Figure 4. Referring to FIG. 4 , the idle intervals in the color light timing diagram are the spokes on the timing set to reduce the color breakup (also called "rainbow effect" or "color separation”) in some laser phosphor projection systems.
  • the spoke phenomenon means that when a fluorescent color wheel or color filter wheel with multiple color schemes is used, when the light is irradiated at the junction of the two colors, the color will appear impure (such as the red and blue junctions are illuminated at the same time, the At the same time, it emits red light and blue light, and emits magenta light).
  • the current solution is to not emit the picture during the time period there. In this way, when the whole image is sampled, a completely black picture will appear. It can be seen from Fig. 4 that at the same frame rate, the dual spatial light modulator system can provide more color time ratios after reasonable light splitting. Therefore, the dual spatial light modulator provided by this application is compared with the single spatial light modulation system.
  • the overall structure of the dual spatial light modulator projection system is simpler, the components used are less, and the cost is lower.
  • FIG. 5 is a CIE 1931 color gamut diagram in the related art, please refer to FIG. 5 , the color gamut of human eyes can refer to the CIE 1931 color gamut diagram.
  • the projection or display screen uses RGB three primary colors, and the corresponding color can be output by configuring the ratio between the RGB three primary colors.
  • the color gamut range included in the display or projection is also different.
  • the edge of the CIE 1931 color gamut diagram is composed of monochromatic light with wavelengths ranging from 380nm to 780nm. The closer to the center, the wider the spectral lines.
  • the common Rec.709 color gamut covers less than half of the overall color gamut
  • the Rec.2020 color gamut which uses monochromatic light as the RGB primary color, covers nearly 90% of the overall color gamut.
  • FIG. 6 is a coordinate diagram of the visual effect function of color light of different wavelengths in the related art. Please refer to FIG. 6 , the color light of different wavelength ranges has different luminous efficacy.
  • the The luminous flux of light is obtained by multiplying the visual effect value at the wavelength by its optical power. If the color light forms a certain spectral line, it is necessary to integrate the product of the optical power spectral line and the visual effect of the color light, as shown in the following formula (1) shown:
  • x and y are the known color coordinates
  • Y i is the ratio of lumens to be solved. According to formula (2) and formula (3), the lumens of RGB three primary colors can be obtained by solving proportion.
  • the required optical power is calculated according to a specific color gamut. Generally, due to the high visual efficiency of green light, the corresponding optical power is relatively large, and the green light needs to be split. In some color gamuts, the proportion of red light is high, and its optical power is the largest. The optimal way is to split the red light. In this case, if the technical solution of the dual spatial light modulator projection system 100 (see FIG. 2 for details) is adopted, it will inevitably cause uneven distribution of optical power on the dual spatial light modulators.
  • the opto-mechanical lighting system provided by the embodiments of the present application can dynamically adjust the light splitting strategy for different color gamuts, for example, splitting green light in some color gamuts, or splitting red light in some color gamuts, so that different color gamuts can be realized.
  • a multi-primary dual-DMD laser projection display device emits laser light through laser light source modules I and II, and the laser light source module I includes a red laser light source. referred to as R A, red laser light source is referred to as R B, referred to as a green laser light source G B; II laser light source includes a blue laser light source module referred to as B A, referred to as blue laser light B B, green laser light sources referred to for G A .
  • the multi-primary-color dual-DMD laser projection display device adopts multi-primary-color laser light source and dual-DMD structure, which improves the coverage of color gamut, but does not find the technical problem of unbalanced optical power output by dual spatial light modulators.
  • an imaging system based on dual DMD analyzes the current image received by the microprocessor to determine whether there is a saturated area in the current image.
  • the first DMD is dimming in the time domain
  • the microprocessor analyzes the current image obtained after the dimming in the time domain to determine whether there is still a saturated area in the current image
  • the microprocessor analyzes the current image obtained after the time domain dimming.
  • the second DMD is dimmed in the spatial domain.
  • the image quality is guaranteed and the dynamic range of the image is enlarged.
  • the core point of the imaging system is to realize the high dynamic range image of the dual spatial light modulator, and the technical problem of the optical power imbalance of the dual spatial light modulator has not been found, and its application scene is not within the scope of three-primary laser projection.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an opto-mechanical lighting system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the opto-mechanical lighting system 200 includes a light source module 210 , a first spatial light modulator 221 , a second spatial light modulator 222 , The first light splitting and combining device 231 and the second light splitting and combining device 232 .
  • the light source module 210 may be a laser light source, and the light source module 210 is used to emit three primary colors of light, the three primary colors of light include a first color light, a second color light and a third color light, and the optical power of the third color light is greater than the optical power of the first color light, and greater than the optical power of the second color light.
  • the third color light includes first polarized light and second polarized light.
  • the light source module 210 can also be an LED (Light Emitting Diode, light emitting diode) light source, and the LED light source can also emit light of three primary colors.
  • the three primary color light refers to the basic light that can be used to synthesize other color light, which can be monochromatic light, such as red light, green light and blue light commonly used in the art.
  • the third color light is polarized light, and the polarized light can be represented by the vector sum of S-polarized light and P-polarized light, the first polarized light can be one of P-polarized light and S-polarized light, and the second polarized light can be Another kind of P-polarized light and S-polarized light.
  • the first spatial light modulator 221 and the second spatial light modulator 222 may be DMD, LCOS, LCD, or other devices that realize spatial light modulation.
  • the first light splitting and combining device 231 is used for guiding the first polarized light to the first spatial light modulator 221 for modulation, and for guiding the second polarized light to the second spatial light modulator 222 for modulation.
  • the first light splitting and combining device 231 is also used for guiding the first color light to the first spatial light modulator 221 or to the second spatial light modulator 222 for modulation, and for guiding the second color light to the first spatial light
  • the modulator 221 is either directed to a second spatial light modulator 222 for modulation.
  • the second light splitting and combining device 232 is configured to combine the first color light, the second color light, the first polarized light and the second polarized light modulated by the first spatial light modulator 221 and the second spatial light modulator 222 and then emit the light .
  • the ratio between the first polarized light and the second polarized light may be preset according to the optical power ratio between the first color light, the second color light and the third color light, since the first polarized light is guided to the second polarized light
  • a spatial light modulator 221 conducts modulation, the second polarized light is guided to the second spatial light modulator 222 for modulation, and the first color light and the second color light can be selectively guided to the first spatial light modulator 221 or the second spatial light modulator 221
  • the spatial light modulator 222 performs modulation such that the optical powers of the first spatial light modulator 221 and the second spatial light modulator 222 are balanced.
  • the first polarized light and the third color light can be preset.
  • the ratio between the two polarized lights is such that the sum of the optical powers of the first polarized light and the first color light is equal to or nearly equal to the sum of the optical powers of the second polarized light and the second color light.
  • the first color light is guided to the first spatial light modulator 221 for modulation, and the second polarized light and the second color light are guided to the second spatial light modulator 222 for modulation, so that the first spatial light modulator 221 and the second spatial light modulator 221 can be realized.
  • the optical power balance of the two spatial light modulators 222 is the optical power difference between the first color light, the second color light and the third color light.
  • the ratio between the first polarized light and the second polarized light can be set so that the first polarized light and the first color light
  • the sum of the optical power of the second color light and the second polarized light is equal to or nearly equal to the optical power of the second polarized light.
  • the light source module 210 is further configured to adjust the ratio between the first polarized light and the second polarized light.
  • adjusting the ratio between the first polarized light and the second polarized light refers to adjusting the duty ratio between the first polarized light and the second polarized light, so that the optomechanical lighting system 200 can be flexibly applied to a variety of different Color gamut, realizes the optical power balance of the first spatial light modulator 221 and the second spatial light modulator 222 under different color gamuts.
  • the optomechanical illumination system 200 uses three primary color lights as projection light, and since the color coordinate points of the monochromatic light are distributed on the boundary of the color gamut, a wide color gamut can be realized. It should be noted that a wide color gamut such as the Rec.2020 color gamut (see Figure 5 for details) is a color gamut standard with very strict requirements, and the corresponding three-primary color light has low luminous efficacy. Especially in the red light band, due to the low electro-optical efficiency of the red laser and the need for temperature control, some trade offs need to be made for practical engineering needs.
  • red light with a wavelength of 630nm that meets the Rec.2020 color gamut standard is not high, but is slightly shifted.
  • red light with a wavelength of 620nm has a luminous efficacy. More than 40% increase over 630nm red light.
  • the optical power of the three primary colors is often no longer dominated by red light (the optical power of red light is higher than the sum of the optical powers of blue light and green light).
  • Fig. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the power ratio of the blue-green laser power and the red laser power and the wavelength of the red laser in the related art. Please refer to Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 together.
  • the sum of the optical power of blue-green light is greater than that of red light.
  • the red light with a wavelength of 610nm it can be seen from the CIE 1931 color gamut diagram that the reduction of its color gamut coverage is very limited. Therefore, a low-wavelength red light with higher optical efficiency can be selected. This choice also makes blue-green light.
  • the sum of the optical powers of the light is greater than the optical power of the red laser.
  • the opto-mechanical lighting system 200 can split green light to achieve optical power balance of the dual spatial light modulators, so that the technical solution of the present application is more universal.
  • the optical power of the green light is greater than that of the red light and greater than that of the blue light, and the green light can be reasonably split by the first light splitting and combining device 231 to meet the requirement of balancing the optical power.
  • the first color light is red light
  • the second color light is blue light
  • the third color light is green light
  • the first polarized light is green P-polarized light
  • the second polarized light is green S-polarized light, that is, green light
  • the light power is the highest
  • the green light is the polarization state light, including the green P-polarized light and the green S-polarized light with adjustable ratio.
  • the first light splitting and combining device 231 is used for guiding the red light and green S-polarized light to the first spatial light modulator 221 for modulation, and for guiding the blue and green P-polarized light to the second spatial light modulator 222 for modulation , the optical power balance of the dual spatial light modulator can be realized in the color gamut where green light is the color light with the highest optical power.
  • a dichroic filter can be used to split the green light.
  • the opto-mechanical lighting system 200 further includes a first dichroic filter 233 and a second dichroic filter 234.
  • the first dichroic filter 233 is disposed on the light splitting surface of the first light splitting and light combining device 231, and the second The dichroic filter 234 is disposed on the light splitting surface of the second light splitting and light combining device 232 .
  • the first dichroic filter 233 has a difference in wavelength gating for the green P-polarized light and the green S-polarized light, and according to this characteristic, the green wavelength matching the first dichroic filter 233 can be selected, so that the first dichroic filter 233 can reflect red and green S-polarized light to the first spatial light modulator 221 for modulation, and transmit blue and green P-polarized light to the second spatial light modulator 222 for modulation .
  • FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 are the gated spectra of P-polarized light and S-polarized light of the dichroic filter provided by the embodiment of the present application, respectively, the first dichroic filter 233 and the second dichroic filter 234 can use a dichroic filter with the gated spectrum shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, the cutoff wavelength of the first dichroic filter 233 and the second dichroic filter 234 can be 550nm, and its There is a gap of about 5 nm in the gate threshold, which is suitable for adding green light with a wavelength of 550 nm.
  • the first dichroic filter 233 and the second dichroic filter 234 transmit the green P-polarized light.
  • the first dichroic filter 233 and the second dichroic filter 234 reflect the green S-polarized light. Meanwhile, the first dichroic filter 233 and the second dichroic filter 234 highly transmit light below the cutoff wavelength and highly reflect light above the cutoff wavelength. Therefore, the first dichroic filter 233 can transmit blue light to the second spatial light modulator 222 and reflect red light to the first spatial light modulator 221 .
  • the ratio between the first polarized light and the second polarized light, the first polarized light, the second polarized light, the first color light and the second color light can be evenly distributed to the first spatial light modulator 221 and the second spatial light
  • the light modulator 222 modulates.
  • the ratio between the first polarized light and the second polarized light can be adjusted by a polarized light converter.
  • the light source module 210 may be a laser light source, and the light source module 210 includes a first laser 2111 , a second laser 2112 , a third laser 2113 and a polarization converter 2114 .
  • the first laser 2111 is used to emit the first color light (eg red light)
  • the second laser 2112 is used to emit the second color light (eg blue light)
  • the third laser 2113 is used to emit the third color light (eg green light)
  • the converter 2114 is used to convert the polarization state of the third color light to obtain the first polarized light (eg, green P-polarized light) and the second polarized light (eg, green S-polarized light), and to adjust the first polarized light and the second polarized light The ratio between light.
  • the polarized light converter 2114 also known as a PCS (polarization conversion system), may be composed of a PBS (Polarized Beam Splitter, polarization beam splitter) array and a half-wave plate. Taking the third color light as green light as an example, the green light passes through the PBS array to obtain green S-polarized light and green P-polarized light. Polarized light, the ratio between green S-polarized light and green P-polarized light can be adjusted.
  • PCS polarization conversion system
  • first dichroic filter 233 and the second dichroic filter 234 are adapted to the wavelength of green light, and when the third color light is red light or blue light or green light with some other wavelengths , those skilled in the art can choose other specifications of dichroic filters, polarizing bandpass filters or other spectroscopic components that can meet the requirements, as long as the balanced distribution of the three primary colors can be achieved, and the dual spatial light modulator can be realized. optical power balance.
  • the duty ratio between the green P-polarized light and the green S-polarized light can be controlled to be 0.74:0.26, so as to pass
  • the first spatial light modulator 221 distributes red light and green light with an optical power ratio of 0.26 (ie, green S-polarized light)
  • the second spatial light modulator 222 distributes blue light and green light with an optical power ratio of 0.74 (ie, green P-polarized light).
  • Polarized light under this color gamut (the power of green light is greater than that of red light, and the power of green light is greater than that of blue light), the optical power balance of the dual spatial light modulator can be achieved.
  • the light source module 210 may further include three collimating lenses 2115 , and the three collimating lenses 2115 are respectively disposed at the outputs of the first laser 2111 , the second laser 2112 and the third laser 2113 .
  • the emission light path is used to collimate the first color light, the second color light and the third color light and emit. loss.
  • the opto-mechanical lighting system 200 further includes a reflective lens 251 , a homogenizing device 252 and a relay lens group 253 .
  • the reflective lens 251 is used to guide the light of the three primary colors emitted by the light source module 210 to the uniform light device 252, the uniform light device 252 is used to uniformize the light of the three primary colors emitted by the reflective lens 251, and the relay lens group 253 is used to uniformize the light.
  • the three primary color lights emitted by the device 252 are relayed to the first light splitting and combining device 231 .
  • the reflective lens 251 is used to change the optical paths of the three primary colors of light, so that the three primary colors of light can all be incident on the light homogenizing device 252 for homogenization.
  • the reflective lens 251 may include a first reflective sub-lens 2511 and a second reflective sub-lens 2512 .
  • the first reflective sub-lens 2511 is used to reflect blue light to the light-diffusing device 252 and transmit red light to the light-diffusing device 252 .
  • the second reflective sub-lens 2512 is used for reflecting green light to the homogenizing device 252 , and transmitting red light and blue light to the homogenizing device 252 , so as to ensure that the three primary colors of light can be incident on the homogenizing device 252 .
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the number and types of optical elements included in the reflective lens 251 for changing the optical path.
  • the optical path conversion components all belong to the protection scope of the present application.
  • the homogenizing device 252 can homogenize the light of the three primary colors, so as to avoid the problems of burns caused by excessive local impact and uneven brightness of the output image.
  • the homogenizing device 252 can be any one of a light rod, a fly-eye lens, and a light cone.
  • the relay lens group 253 is used to collect and condense the three primary color lights emitted by the homogenizing device 252 and then provide it to the first light splitting and combining device 231.
  • the relay lens group 253 can be formed by a combination of a plurality of collecting lenses, such as a convex lens and a concave lens. .
  • the optomechanical illumination system 200 further includes a first total internal reflection prism 261 and a second total internal reflection prism 262 .
  • the first total internal reflection prism 261 is used to reflect the light beam emitted by the first light splitting and combining device 231 to the first spatial light modulator 221 for modulation, and then output to the second light splitting and combining device 232 .
  • the second total internal reflection prism 262 is used to reflect the light beam emitted by the first light splitting and combining device 231 to the second spatial light modulator 222 for modulation, and then output to the second light splitting and combining device 232 .
  • the first total internal reflection prism 261 and the second total internal reflection prism 262 can be formed by combining two triangular prisms respectively, and the light incident on the first total internal reflection prism 261 and the second total internal reflection prism 262 is totally reflected, thereby By allowing more light to enter the first spatial light modulator 221 and the second spatial light modulator 222 , the light collection capability of the optomechanical lighting system 200 can be improved.
  • the opto-mechanical lighting system 200 further includes a lens 263, and the lens 263 is used for receiving the combined light emitted by the second light splitting and combining device 232, so as to finally form an image.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an opto-mechanical lighting system provided by another implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application. Please refer to FIG. 12.
  • the ratio between the first polarized light and the second polarized light is It can be adjusted by laser modules with different polarization states.
  • the light source module 210 may be a laser light source, and the light source module 210 includes a first laser 2121 , a second laser 2122 , a first polarized laser 2123 and a second polarized laser 2124 .
  • the first laser 2121 is used to emit the first color light (eg red light)
  • the second laser 2122 is used to emit the second color light (eg blue light)
  • the first polarized light laser 2123 is used to emit the first polarized light (eg green P polarization) light)
  • the second polarized light laser 2124 is used to emit the second polarized light (eg green S-polarized light)
  • the first polarized light laser 2123 and the second polarized light laser 2124 can be adjusted by controlling the on-off duty cycle The ratio between polarized light and second polarized light.
  • the light source module 210 further includes a polarized light reflecting mirror 2125 and a polarized light combining device 2126 .
  • the polarizing mirror 2125 is used to guide the first polarized light to the polarized light combining device 2126 or to guide the second polarized light to the polarizing light combining device 2126 .
  • the polarized light combining device 2126 is used to combine the first polarized light and the second polarized light to form a third color light.
  • the polarized light combining device 2126 is arranged on the optical path of the first polarized light laser 2123, the polarized light reflector 2125 is arranged on the optical path of the second polarized light laser 2124, and the polarized light reflector 2125 is used to combine the second polarized light The light is directed to the polarized light combining device 2126.
  • the polarized light reflector 2125 is used to change the optical path of the first polarized light or the second polarized light, so that the first polarized light and the second polarized light can be incident on the polarized light combining device 2126 for light combining.
  • the polarized light reflecting mirror 2125 can be a flat reflecting mirror or a curved emitting mirror, which can be specifically set according to actual needs.
  • the polarized light combining device 2126 is provided with a third dichroic filter 2128, and the third dichroic filter 2128 can be selected from a dichroic filter consistent with the first dichroic filter 233, so that the third The third color light formed by combining the first polarized light and the second polarized light by the dichroic filter 2128 can be split by the first dichroic filter 233 to form the first polarized light and the second polarized light.
  • first polarized light emitted by the first polarized light laser 2123 and the second polarized light emitted by the second polarized light laser 2124 can be directly incident on the homogenizing device 252 for light combining, or can be combined by the polarized light combining device 2126 After the light is combined, the light is incident on the homogenizing device 252, and the specific form is not limited.
  • the light source module 210 further includes four collimating lenses 2127, and the four collimating lenses 2127 are respectively disposed on the first laser 2121, the second laser 2122, the first polarized laser 2123 and the second polarized laser 2124 On the outgoing light path, the first color light, the second color light, the first polarized light and the second polarized light are collimated and emitted to form a collimated light beam.
  • the opto-mechanical lighting system 200 provided in this embodiment of the present application can set the difference between the green P-polarized light and the green S-polarized light by using the polarization converter 2114 or the first polarized light laser 2123 and the second polarized light laser 2124 of different polarization states. ratio, and set a dichroic filter in the first light splitting and combining device 231 to reflect the red light and green S-polarized light to the first spatial light modulator 221 for modulation, and transmit the blue and green P-polarized light to the second space.
  • the light modulator 222 performs modulation, and can realize the optical power balance of the dual spatial light modulators in a color gamut where the optical power of green light is greater than that of red light and blue light.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an opto-mechanical lighting system provided by another embodiment of the present application. Please refer to FIG. 13 .
  • the opto-mechanical lighting system 300 provided by this embodiment can also be used when the optical power of red light is greater than that of green light and blue light.
  • Color gamut of optical power for example, Rec.2020 color gamut
  • the first color light is green light
  • the second color light is blue light
  • the third color light is red light
  • the first polarized light is red P-polarized light
  • the second polarized light is red S-polarized light. That is, red light has the highest optical power
  • red light is polarized light, including red P-polarized light and red S-polarized light with adjustable ratio.
  • the Rec.2020 color gamut is just needed.
  • the color coordinates of the RGB three primary colors used in the Rec.2020 color gamut are shown in Figure 14.
  • the three primary colors of the Rec.2020 color gamut are monochromatic light.
  • it is considered to use a laser light source as the three primary color light source, so that the optomechanical lighting system 200 can realize the Rec.2020 color gamut standard.
  • the opto-mechanical lighting system 300 converts the red light into a polarization state, and sets the ratio between the red P-polarized light and the red S-polarized light, and then the green light, blue light, and red S-polarized light can be converted by the first light splitting device 331.
  • the light is reflected to the first spatial light modulator 321 for modulation, and the red P-polarized light is transmitted to the second spatial light modulator 322 for modulation, so that the optical power balance of the dual spatial light modulators can be achieved under the Rec.2020 color gamut.
  • the opto-mechanical lighting system 300 further includes a first polarizing bandpass filter 333 and a second polarizing bandpass filter 334, and the first polarizing bandpass filter 333 is disposed on the first light splitting and combining device
  • the light splitting surface of 331 , the second polarizing bandpass filter 334 is arranged on the light splitting surface of the second light splitting and light combining device 332 .
  • the first polarization bandpass filter 333 and the second polarization bandpass filter 334 have different wavelength band specifications.
  • the first polarization bandpass filter 333 and the second polarization bandpass filter 334 can be Use the polarizing bandpass filter shown in Figure 15.
  • the center wavelength of the first polarization bandpass filter 333 and the second polarization bandpass filter 334 can be 639 nm, and the red P-polarized light can pass through the first polarization bandpass
  • the filter 333 and the second polarizing bandpass filter 334 are incident on the second spatial light modulator 322 for modulation, while the red S-polarized light, green light and blue light are reflected to the second spatial light modulator 322 for modulation, through
  • the opto-mechanical lighting system 300 can also use a dichroic filter or other light-splitting components that can meet the requirements to split the red light.
  • the ratio between the red P-polarized light and the red S-polarized light can be adjusted by a polarization converter, and the red light with the highest optical power can be converted into the required polarization state light by the polarization converter, Then, according to the gate control of the polarization converter, the duty ratio between the red P-polarized light and the red S-polarized light can be adjusted.
  • the laser light source 310 includes a first laser 3111 , a second laser 3112 , a third laser 3113 and a polarization converter 3114 .
  • the first laser 3111 is used to emit the first color light (eg green light)
  • the second laser 3112 is used to emit the second color light (eg blue light)
  • the third laser 3113 is used to emit the third color light (eg red light)
  • polarized light The converter 3114 is used to convert the polarization state of the third color light to obtain the first polarized light (such as red P-polarized light) and the second polarized light (such as red S-polarized light), and is used to adjust the first polarized light and the second polarized light ratio between.
  • the laser light source 310 further includes three collimating lenses 3115.
  • the three collimating lenses 3115 are respectively arranged on the outgoing optical paths of the first laser 3111, the second laser 3112 and the third laser 3113, and are used to combine the first color light, the second laser The color light and the third color light are collimated and emitted to form a collimated beam.
  • the duty ratio of the red P-polarized light and the red S-polarized light can be adjusted to 0.956:0.044, so that the The first spatial light modulator 321 distributes blue light, green light, and red light with an optical power ratio of 0.044 (ie, red S-polarized light), and the second spatial light modulator 322 distributes red light with an optical power ratio of 0.956 ( That is, red P-polarized light), which can realize the optical power balance of the dual spatial light modulator in the Rec.2020 color gamut.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of an opto-mechanical lighting system provided by another embodiment of the present application. Please refer to FIG. 17.
  • red P-polarized light and red S-polarized light The ratio can be adjusted by laser modules with different polarization states.
  • the laser light source 310 includes a first laser 3121 , a second laser 3122 , a first polarized laser 3123 and a second polarized laser 3124 .
  • the first laser 3121 is used to emit the first color light (eg green light)
  • the second laser 3122 is used to emit the second color light (eg blue light)
  • the first polarized light laser 3123 is used to emit the first polarized light (eg red P polarization) light)
  • the second polarized light laser 3124 is used to emit the second polarized light (eg, red S-polarized light).
  • the ratio between the first polarized light and the second polarized light can be adjusted by controlling the on-off duty ratio of the first polarized light laser 3123 and the second polarized light laser 3124 .
  • the laser light source 310 further includes a polarized light reflecting mirror 3125 and a polarized light combining device 3126 .
  • the polarizing mirror 3125 is used to guide the first polarized light to the polarized light combining device 3126 or to guide the second polarized light to the polarizing light combining device 3126 .
  • the polarized light combining device 3126 is used to combine the first polarized light and the second polarized light to form a third color light.
  • the polarized light combining device 3126 is arranged on the optical path of the first polarized light laser 3123, and the polarized light reflector 3125 is arranged on the optical path of the second polarized light laser 3124, and the polarized light reflector 3125 is used to combine the second polarized light laser 3124.
  • the light is directed to polarized light combining device 3126.
  • the polarized light combining device 3126 is provided with a third polarizing bandpass filter 3129, and the third polarizing bandpass filter 3129 can be selected from a polarizing bandpass filter consistent with the first polarizing bandpass filter 333, so that the third The third color light formed by combining the polarizing bandpass filter 3129 can be split by the first polarizing bandpass filter 333 to form the first polarized light and the second polarized light.
  • the laser light source 310 For other contents of the laser light source 310, reference may be made to the relevant records in the other embodiments above, and details are not described herein again.
  • the ratio between the red P-polarized light and the red S-polarized light can be preset by the polarization converter 3114 or the first polarization laser 3123 and the second polarization laser 3124 , and a polarization bandpass filter is set in the first light splitting and combining device 331 to transmit the red P-polarized light to the second spatial light modulator 321 for modulation, and reflect the red S-polarized light, green light and blue light to the second spatial light modulator 321.
  • the spatial light modulator 322 performs modulation, which can realize the optical power balance of the dual spatial light modulators in the Rec.2020 color gamut.
  • the optical-mechanical lighting system improved in the embodiment of the present application can dynamically adjust the light splitting scheme for different color gamuts.
  • the green light has the highest optical power
  • the green light can be split to achieve the optical power Balance
  • the red light has the highest optical power
  • the red light can be split to achieve optical power balance
  • the optical power of blue light is the highest, and the blue light can be split to achieve optical power balance.
  • the specific spectroscopic strategy can refer to the content of the above embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • Embodiments of the present application further provide a projector, which includes a housing (not shown) and an optomechanical lighting system, wherein the optomechanical lighting system is arranged in the housing.
  • the projector includes the opto-mechanical lighting system in the above-mentioned embodiments, it has all the beneficial effects of the opto-mechanical lighting system, which will not be repeated here.
  • the structural features of other parts of the projector are within the understanding of those skilled in the art, and will not be repeated here.

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Abstract

一种光机照明系统（200，300），包括激光光源（210，310）、第一空间光调制器（221，321）、第二空间光调制器（222，322）、第一分光合光器件（231，331）以及第二分光合光器件（232，332）；激光光源（210，310）用于发出三基色光，三基色光包括第一色光、第二色光和第三色光，第三色光的光功率大于第一色光，且大于第二色光，第三色光包括第一偏振光和第二偏振光；第一分光合光器件（231，331）用于将第一偏振光引导至第一空间光调制器（221，321）进行调制，将第二偏振光引导至第二空间光调制器（222，322）进行调制，还用于将第一色光和第二色光引导至第一空间光调制器（221，321）或第二空间光调制器（222，322）进行调制；第二分光合光器件（232，332）用于将调制后的光束合光后发出。光机照明系统（200，300）实现了广色域下的光功率平衡，同时平衡热负载，提升投影的出光量。

Description

光机照明系统 技术领域
本申请涉及投影技术领域，具体涉及一种光机照明系统。
背景技术
常用的空间光调制器大体分为两类，包括透射式和反射式，透射式的空间光调制器如LCD(Liquid Crystal Display，液晶显示)，其借助液晶分子的光电效应，通过外加电场使得LCD面板上的液晶分子折射特性得到改变，从而实现画面的灰阶。反射式的空间光调制器主要有DMD(Digital Micromirror Device，数字微镜器件)和LCOS(Liquid Crystal on Silicon，硅基液晶)两大类。其中，DMD可以描述成为一个半导体开关，它由50～130万个微镜片聚集在CMOS(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor，互补金属氧化物半导体)硅基片上，每一个微镜片代表着一个像素，通过微镜片的翻转时序来控制像素的灰阶。正常微镜的翻转分为crossover time和switch time，分别代表微镜片状态转移时间以及连续两个状态切换的最小间隔时间。如图1所示为相关技术中DMD镜片的翻转时序，在单DMD系统中，图1中所示时序时间间隔可以对RGB三色实现8位灰阶，而若是双DMD系统或者三DMD系统，则可以实现更多的图像灰阶。
对入射到空间光调制器的均匀光照进行调制以形成画面，通过提升单位时间内入射到空间光调制器上的光功率，可以实现画面的高亮度。然而，光照带来的热负载制约了空间光调制器上光功率的进一步提升。如在DMD中，均匀的光 照打到微镜上，一方面镜面反射会产生一部分热量，另一方面，为了使得光照覆盖全像素，必然存在一定的overfill(激光投影系统通常为避免暗带问题，会对照射在投影芯片上的光预留一部分能量，使得照射到芯片上的光会超出芯片边缘一部分，在本领域将超出芯片的光能量与光的总能量的比值称为overfill。在理论上如果光源的光恰好完全覆盖投影芯片时，光源的利用率最高，但实际应用中，会预留一定的overfill。然而，overfill越大，用于成像的光源的利用率就越低；overfill过小又会产生暗带问题)，这部分光几乎全部转化为热。
相关技术通过提高入射到空间光调制器上的光斑质量，降低overfill，或者是设计有利于散热的结构来保证DMD的散热能力，从而降低光照带来的热负载。然而这些方式结构复杂，成本较高。
针对多空间光调制器的投影系统如双DMD投影系统，平衡各个空间光调制器上的热负载，也是一种提升单位时间内入射到空间光调制器上的光功率的方法。图2是相关技术中一种双DMD投影系统100的结构示意图，双DMD投影系统100中一方面通过第一激光器组111产生蓝色激发光，用于激发波长转换装置120产生黄色荧光，该黄色荧光经分光器件130分光产生红光和绿光分别分发到第一DMD141和第二DMD142，另一方面通过第二激光器组112提供蓝色激光依时序填补到第一DMD141，可以在特定的色域要求下实现双空间光调制器的热功耗平衡。然而，不同色域下不同色光的光功率存在很大的差异，例如在激光荧光光源中绿光波长范围为490nm-580nm，其光视效能为509lm/W，而在激光光源中绿光的波长为525nm，其光视效能达到541.8lm/W。因此在不同色域情况下，三色光的光视效能是存在非常大不同的，合成白光所需的三色光的光功率也会存在差异。双DMD投影系统100由于荧光的宽谱特性，其相应的色域更窄，难以适应不同色域的要求。同时，双DMD投影系统100在平衡光功率时 无法实现动态调整。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于提供一种光机照明系统，以解决上述问题。本申请实施例通过以下技术方案来实现上述目的。
本申请实施例提供了一种光机照明系统，包括光源模块、第一空间光调制器、第二空间光调制器、第一分光合光器件以及第二分光合光器件；光源模块用于发出三基色光，三基色光包括第一色光、第二色光和第三色光，第三色光的光功率大于第一色光的光功率，且大于第二色光的光功率，第三色光包括第一偏振光和第二偏振光；第一分光合光器件用于将第一偏振光引导至第一空间光调制器进行调制，以及用于将第二偏振光引导至第二空间光调制器进行调制，第一分光合光器件还用于将第一色光引导至第一空间光调制器或者第二空间光调整器进行调制，以及用于将第二色光引导至第一空间光调制器或者第二空间光调制器进行调制；第二分光合光器件用于将经第一空间光调制器和第二空间光调制器调制后的第一色光、第二色光、第一偏振光和第二偏振光合光后发出。
在一种实施方式中，光源模块还用于调节第一偏振光和第二偏振光的比例。
在一种实施方式中，光源模块包括第一激光器、第二激光器、第三激光器和偏振光转换器，第一激光器用于发出第一色光；第二激光器，用于发出第二色光；第三激光器用于发出第三色光；偏振光转换器用于将第三色光进行偏振态转换以得到第一偏振光和第二偏振光，并用于调节第一偏振光和第二偏振光之间的比例。
在一种实施方式中，光源模块包括第一激光器、第二激光器、第一偏振光激光器和第二偏振光激光器，第一激光器用于发出第一色光；第二激光器用于发出 第二色光；第一偏振光激光器用于发出第一偏振光；第二偏振光激光器发出第二偏振光。
在一种实施方式中，光源模块还包括偏振光反射镜和偏振光合光器件；偏振光反射镜用于将第一偏振光引导至偏振光合光器件，或者用于将第二偏振光引导至偏振光合光器件；偏振光合光器件用于将第一偏振光和第二偏振光合束后形成第三色光。
在一种实施方式中，第一色光为红光，第二色光为蓝光，第三色光为绿光，第一偏振光为绿色P偏振光，第二偏振光为绿色S偏振光；第一分光合光器件用于将红光和绿色S偏振光引导至第一空间光调制器进行调制，以及用于将蓝光和绿色P偏振光引导至第二空间光调制器进行调制。
在一种实施方式中，光机照明系统还包括第一二向色滤光片和第二二向色滤光片，第一二向色滤光片设置于第一分光合光器件的分光面，第二二向色滤光片设置于第二分光合光器件的分光面。
在一种实施方式中，第一色光为绿光，第二色光为蓝光，第三色光为红光，第一偏振光为红色P偏振光，第二二偏振光为红色S偏振光；第一分光合光器件用于将绿光、蓝光和红色S偏振光引导至第一空间光调制器进行调制，以及用于将红色P偏振光引导至第二空间光调制器进行调制。
在一种实施方式中，光机照明系统还包括第一偏振带通滤光片和第二偏振带通滤光片，第一偏振带通滤光片设置于第一分光合光器件的分光面，第二偏振带通滤光片设置于第二分光合光器件的分光面。
在一种实施方式中，光机照明系统还包括反射透镜、匀光器件和中继透镜组；反射透镜用于将光源模块发出的三基色光引导至匀光器件，匀光器件用于将反射透镜发出的三基色光进行匀光，中继透镜组用于将匀光器件发出的三基色光 中继至第一分光合光器件。
相对于现有技术，本申请实施例提供的光机照明系统采用光源模块发出的三基色光作为投影光线，并通过将光功率最高的第三色光分为第一偏振光和第二偏振光，使得第一分光合光器件可以将第一色光、第二色光、第一偏振光和第二偏振光均衡分发至两个空间光调制器进行调制，实现广色域下双空间光调制器的光功率平衡，在平衡双空间光调制器热负载的同时，使得双空间光调制器在理想情况下可以满载工作，提升投影的出光量，实现画面的高亮度。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是相关技术中DMD镜片的翻转时序图。
图2是相关技术中一种双DMD投影系统的结构示意图。
图3是相关技术中不同位深图片的对比图。
图4是相关技术中单DMD与双DMD的色光时序图。
图5是相关技术中CIE 1931色域图。
图6是相关技术中不同波长色光的视效函数坐标图。
图7是本申请实施例提供的光机照明系统的结构示意图。
图8是相关技术中蓝绿激光功率之和红激光功率比值与红激光波长的关系图。
图9是图7所示实施例提供的二向色滤光片的P偏振光选通波谱。
图10是图7所示实施例提供的二向色滤光片的S偏振光选通波谱。
图11是图7所示实施例提供的单DMD和光机照明系统的色光时序图。
图12是图7所示实施例另一种实施方式提供的光机照明系统的结构示意图。
图13是本申请另一实施例提供的光机照明系统的结构示意图。
图14是相关技术中Rec.2020色域规定的三基色色坐标。
图15是图13所示实施例提供的偏振带通滤光片光谱。
图16是图13所示实施例提供的单DMD和光机照明系统的色光时序图。
图17是图13所示实施例另一种实施方式提供的光机照明系统的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本申请实施例，下面将参照相关附图对本申请实施例进行更全面的描述。附图中给出了本申请的较佳实施方式。但是，本申请可以以许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本文所描述的实施方式。相反地，提供这些实施方式的目的是使对本申请的公开内容理解的更加透彻全面。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本申请实施例中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施方式的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请。
针对相关技术中的双空间光调制器投影系统难以满足不同色域的要求等问题，本申请人创造性地提出一种光机照明系统，其采用光源模块发出的三基色光作为投影光线，在三基色光的光功率存在差异时，通过分光合光器件可以将光功率最高的色光进行分光，并和其余两种色光均衡分配到两个空间光调制器进行 调制，可以在广色域下实现双空间光调制器的光功率平衡，在平衡双空间光调制器热负载的同时，使得空间光调制器在理想情况下可以满载工作，提升投影的出光量，实现画面的高亮度。
本申请实施例提供的双空间光调制器投影系统可以应用于影院投影机、教育投影机、激光电视、微型投影仪和工程投影机等，本申请对此并不具体限定。
下面首先对本发明实施例中所涉及的专业术语做一个简单的说明：
显示位深(bit depth)，表示灰度图像中某个像素灰度信息所需要的位数，当位深越大，则相邻灰度值之间的差别越小，数字图像显示的画面更接近正常情况下的显示。图3所示为相关技术中不同位深图片的对比图，可见位深越大，图像画面的细腻程度和丰富程度会大大提升。因此提高位深是显示行业非常重要的指标，也是未来高端显示的追求。
显示位深代表着灰阶的数量，如8位深的图片，代表了其灰阶有2 8＝256种灰阶。实现不同的灰阶可以通过调控空间光调制器在时间上的占空比得到，如针对DMD，在某种色域下实现白光需要如图4所示的单DMD与双DMD的色光时序图，请参阅图4，色光时序图中的空闲间隔是为减弱某些激光荧光投影系统中color breakup(也称为“彩虹效应”或“色分离”)而设置的时序上的spoke(轮辐)。spoke现象是指当采用具有多种颜色方案的荧光色轮或滤色轮，光线照射在两种颜色交界处时，会出现颜色不纯的情况(如红色、蓝色交界处被同时照射，会同时发出红光和蓝光，出射品红光)，目前的解决办法是在该处的时间段内不出射画面，如此，整幅图像被采样时会出现一段全部为黑的画面。而从图4可知，在同一帧率下，双空间光调制器系统在进行合理分光后，可以提供更多的色彩时间占比，因此本申请提供的双空间光调制器相比单空间光调制器，可以增加图像的显示位深，提高帧内对比度，具有更高亮度的画面，提供更好的显示 效果。另外，相比于其他一些多空间光调制器的投影系统，如三空间光调制器系统的投影系统，双空间光调制器投影系统整体结构更为简单，所用器件更少，成本更低。
图5是相关技术中CIE 1931色域图，请参阅图5所示，人眼视觉的色域可以参考CIE 1931色域图。正常情况下投影或者显示画面都采用RGB三基色光，通过配置RGB三基色光之间的占比可以输出相应的色彩。当RGB三基色光所选的色坐标不同时，显示器或投影包含的色域范围也不相同。CIE 1931色域图的边缘是波长380nm-780nm连续变化的单色光组成的，越往中心靠近，光谱的谱线越宽。目前常见的Rec.709色域，其覆盖范围不足整体色域的一半，而采用单色光做RGB基色的Rec.2020色域，其覆盖范围接近整体色域的九成。
图6是相关技术中不同波长色光的视效函数坐标图，请参阅图6所示，不同波长范围的色光存在不同的光视效能，当考虑单色光的光视效能时，则该单色光的光通量是由该波长下的视效值乘上其光功率得到，而若色光成一定的谱线，则需要对该色光的光功率谱线与视效乘积进行积分，如下公式(1)所示：
L＝∫P λ·V λd λ      (1)
根据特定色域需要的三基色光的色坐标，根据公式(2)和公式(3)可以计算得到组成D65白光的相应的RGB三基色光的流明占比为L R:L G:L B＝Y R:Y G:Y B。
Figure PCTCN2021106753-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2021106753-appb-000002
公式(2)和公式(3)中，x、y为已知的色坐标，Y i为待求解的流明占比，根据公式(2)和公式(3)可以求解得到RGB三基色光的流明占比。
根据特定色域计算得到需求的光功率，一般情况下由于绿光的视效高，因此其对应的光功率较大，需要对绿光进行分光。而在某些色域情况下，红光的占比 较高，其光功率最大，最优的途径是对红光进行分光。而在这种情况下，如果采用双空间光调制器投影系统100(详见图2)的技术方案，势必会造成光功率在双空间光调制器上分配得不均匀。本申请实施例提供的光机照明系统可以针对不同的色域动态调整分光策略，例如在某些色域对绿光进行分光，或者在某些色域对红光进行分光，从而能够实现不同色域下双空间光调制器的光功率平衡。
目前，针对双空间光调制器采取分光的策略从而平衡光功率的方法还相对较少。在一种相关技术中，提出了一种多基色双DMD激光投影显示装置，该多基色双DMD激光投影显示装置通过激光光源模组I和II发出激光，激光光源模组I包括红光激光光源记为R A、红光激光光源记为R B、绿光激光光源记为G B；激光光源模组II包括蓝光激光光源记为B A、蓝光激光光源记为B B、绿光激光光源记为G A。该多基色双DMD激光投影显示装置采用多基色激光光源、双DMD结构，提高了色域的覆盖率，但其没有发现双空间光调制器输出的光功率不平衡的技术问题。
在另一种相关技术中，提出了一种基于双DMD的成像系统，该成像系统通过微处理器对接收到的当前图像进行分析，判断当前图像中是否存在饱和区域，微处理器在判断出接收到的当前图像中存在饱和区域时，对第一DMD进行时间域调光，微处理器对经过时间域调光后获取的当前图像进行分析，判断当前图像是否仍然存在饱和区域，微处理器在判断出经时间域调光后接收到的当前图像中仍然存在饱和区域时，对第二DMD进行空间域调光。这样，通过利用两个DMD将时间域调光和空间域调光进行结合，保证图像质量，扩大了图像动态范围。然而，该成像系统的核心点在于实现双空间光调制器的高动态范围图像，也未发现双空间光调制器的光功率不平衡的技术问题，而且其应用场景也不在三基色激光投影的范畴内。
图7是本申请实施例提供的光机照明系统的结构示意图，请参阅图7所示，光机照明系统200包括光源模块210、第一空间光调制器221、第二空间光调制器222、第一分光合光器件231以及第二分光合光器件232。
光源模块210可以是激光光源，光源模块210用于发出三基色光，三基色光包括第一色光、第二色光和第三色光，第三色光的光功率大于第一色光的光功率，且大于第二色光的光功率。第三色光包括第一偏振光和第二偏振光。在一些实施方式中，光源模块210也可以为LED(Light Emitting Diode，发光二极管)光源，LED光源同样可以发出三基色光。
其中，三基色光是指可以用于合成其他颜色光的基础光，其可以是单色光，例如本领域常用的红光、绿光和蓝光。第三色光为偏振态光，偏振态光可以由S偏振光和P偏振光的矢量和来表示，第一偏振光可以为P偏振光和S偏振光中的一种，第二偏振光可以为P偏振光和S偏振光中的另外一种。
第一空间光调制器221和第二空间光调制器222可以是DMD、LCOS、LCD或者是其他实现空间光调制的器件。
第一分光合光器件231用于将第一偏振光引导至第一空间光调制器221进行调制，以及用于将第二偏振光引导至第二空间光调制器222进行调制。第一分光合光器件231还用于将第一色光引导至第一空间光调制器221或者引导至第二空间光调整器222进行调制，以及用于将第二色光引导至第一空间光调制器221或者引导至第二空间光调制器222进行调制。
第二分光合光器件232用于将经第一空间光调制器221和第二空间光调制器222调制后的第一色光、第二色光、第一偏振光和第二偏振光合光后发出。
在实施过程中，可以根据第一色光、第二色光和第三色光之间的光功率比例预先设定第一偏振光和第二偏振光之间的比例，由于第一偏振光引导至第一空 间光调制器221进行调制，第二偏振光引导至第二空间光调制器222进行调制，可以选择性地将第一色光和第二色光引导至第一空间光调制器221或者第二空间光调制器222进行调制，以使得第一空间光调制器221和第二空间光调制器222的光功率平衡。
例如，当第一色光、第二色光和第三色光之间的光功率相差较小，且第一色光的光功率大于第二色光的光功率，可以预先设定第一偏振光和第二偏振光之间的比例，使得第一偏振光和第一色光的光功率之和与第二偏振光和第二色光的光功率之和相等或者接近相等，此时选择将第一偏振光和第一色光引导至第一空间光调制器221进行调制，将第二偏振光和第二色光引导至第二空间光调制器222进行调制，即可实现第一空间光调制器221和第二空间光调制器222的光功率平衡。
而当第三色光的光功率远大于第一色光和第二色光的光功率时，可以设定第一偏振光和第二偏振光之间的比例，使得第一偏振光、第一色光和第二色光的光功率之和与第二偏振光的光功率相等或者接近相等，此时将第一偏振光、第一色光和第二色光引导至第一空间光调制器221进行调制，将第二偏振光引导至第二空间光调制器222进行调制，即可实现第一空间光调制器221和第二空间光调制器222的光功率平衡。
本实施例中，光源模块210还用于调节第一偏振光和第二偏振光之间的比例。其中，调节第一偏振光和第二偏振光之间的比例是指调节第一偏振光和第二偏振光之间的占空比，以使光机照明系统200可以灵活适用于多种不同的色域，在不同的色域下实现第一空间光调制器221和第二空间光调制器222的光功率平衡。
光机照明系统200采用三基色光作为投影光线，由于单色光的色坐标点分 布在色域的边界上，可以实现广色域。需要说明的是，广色域如Rec.2020色域(详见图5)是要求非常严格的色域标准，其相应的三基色光的光视效能并不高。特别是红光波段，由于红光激光器的电光效率不高，且需要进行控温，因此需要为了实际工程需求做一些换取(trade off)。
请一并结合图6和图7所示，满足Rec.2020色域标准的波长为630nm红光的光视效能不高，而稍微偏移一些，例如波长为620nm的红光，其光视效能比630nm的红光增加超过40％。考虑到成本因素，采用更高光视效能的红激光或者红荧光(例如波长为620nm)，而不偏离高色域顶点过远，是明智且有效的选择。而在这样情况下，往往三基色光的光功率不再是红光占主导地位(红光的光功率高于蓝光和绿光的光功率之和)。
图8是相关技术中蓝绿激光功率之和红激光功率比值与红激光波长的关系图，请一并参阅图7和图8所示，在波长范围为610nm～630nm的红光中，当红光的波长小于627nm后，蓝绿光的光功率之和大于红光的光功率。即使选用波长为610nm的红光，从CIE 1931色域图可知，其色域覆盖范围的减小也非常有限，因此可以选用具有更高光视效能的低波长红光，这样的选择也使得蓝绿光的光功率之和大于红激光的光功率。
作为一种示例，光机照明系统200可以对绿光进行分光实现双空间光调制器的光功率平衡，使得本申请的技术方案更具有普适性。例如，当组成D65白光的RGB三基色光的波长分别选用620nm，550nm和455nm，RGB三基色光的光功率比值为P R:P G:P B＝1:1.206∶0.422。这种情况下绿光的光功率大于红光的光功率，且大于蓝光的光功率，可以通过第一分光合光器件231对绿光进行合理的分光，满足均衡光功率的需求。
在本实施例中，第一色光为红光，第二色光为蓝光，第三色光为绿光，第一 偏振光为绿色P偏振光，第二偏振光为绿色S偏振光，即绿光的光功率最高，且绿光为偏振态光，包括比例可调的绿色P偏振光和绿色S偏振光。第一分光合光器件231用于将红光和绿色S偏振光引导至第一空间光调制器221进行调制，以及用于将蓝光和绿色P偏振光引导至第二空间光调制器222进行调制，可以在绿光为最高光功率色光的色域下实现双空间光调制器的光功率平衡。
在本实施例中，可以采用二向色滤光片对绿光进行分光。光机照明系统200还包括第一二向色滤光片233和第二二向色滤光片234，第一二向色滤光片233设置于第一分光合光器件231的分光面，第二二向色滤光片234设置于第二分光合光器件232的分光面。第一二向色滤光片233对绿色P偏振光和绿色S偏振光存在波长选通上的差异，根据这一特点可以选定与第一二向色滤光片233匹配的绿光波长，使得第一二向色滤光片233可以将红光和绿色S偏振光反射至第一空间光调制器221进行调制，以及将蓝光和绿色P偏振光透射至第二空间光调制器222进行调制。
图9和图10分别是本申请实施例提供的二向色滤光片的P偏振光和S偏振光的选通波谱，第一二向色滤光片233和第二二向色滤光片234可以采用具有图9和图10所示选通波谱的二向色滤光片，第一二向色滤光片233和第二二向色滤光片234的截止波长可以为550nm，且其选通阈值存在约5nm的间隙，这一间隙适合将波长为550nm的绿光加入。
当使用550nm的绿色P偏振光时，第一二向色滤光片233和第二二向色滤光片234透过绿色P偏振光。当使用550nm的绿色S偏振光时，第一二向色滤光片233和第二二向色滤光片234反射绿色S偏振光。同时，第一二向色滤光片233和第二二向色滤光片234高透射低于截止波长的光而高反射高于截止波长的光。因此第一二向色滤光片233可以将蓝光透射至第二空间光调制器222， 并将红光反射至第一空间光调制器221。通过调节第一偏振光和第二偏振光之间的比例，可以将第一偏振光、第二偏振光、第一色光和第二色光均衡分发至第一空间光调制器221和第二空间光调制器222进行调制。
在一种实施方式中，第一偏振光和第二偏振光之间的比例可以通过偏振光转换器进行调整。在本实施例中，光源模块210可以为激光光源，光源模块210包括第一激光器2111、第二激光器2112、第三激光器2113和偏振光转换器2114。
第一激光器2111用于发出第一色光(例如红光)，第二激光器2112用于发出第二色光(例如蓝光)，第三激光器2113用于发出第三色光(例如绿光)，偏振光转换器2114用于将第三色光进行偏振态转换以得到第一偏振光(例如绿色P偏振光)和第二偏振光(例如绿色S偏振光)，并用于调节第一偏振光和第二偏振光之间的比例。
偏振光转换器2114又称PCS(polarization conversion system)，可以由PBS(Polarized Beam Splitter，偏振分光棱镜)阵列和半波片组成。以第三色光为绿光为例，绿光经过PBS阵列得到绿色S偏振光和绿色P偏振光，半波片设置在绿色S偏振光的出射面上，可将绿色S偏振光转变成绿色P偏振光，可以调节绿色S偏振光和绿色P偏振光之间的比例。
需要说明的是，第一二向色滤光片233、第二二向色滤光片234和绿光的波长相适配，当第三色光为红光或蓝光或其他一些波长的绿光时，本领域技术人员可以选择其他一些规格的二向色滤光片、偏振带通滤光片或者其他可以实现需求的分光构件，只要能够实现对三基色光的均衡分配，实现双空间光调制器的光功率平衡即可。
图11是本申请实施例提供的单DMD和光机照明系统的色光时序图，在一些实施方式中，可以控制绿色P偏振光和绿色S偏振光之间的占空比为0.74:0.26， 从而通过第一空间光调制器221分配红光和光功率占比为0.26的绿光(即绿色S偏振光)，通过第二空间光调制器222分配蓝光和光功率占比为0.74的绿光(即绿色P偏振光)，可以在该色域下(绿光的功率大于红光的光功率，且绿光的功率大于蓝光的光功率)，实现双空间光调制器的光功率平衡。
仍请参阅图7，在本实施例中，光源模块210还可以包括三个准直透镜2115，三个准直透镜2115分别设置于第一激光器2111、第二激光器2112和第三激光器2113的出射光路，用于将第一色光、第二色光和第三色光进行准直后发出，相比准直前，准直后的光束的发散角度被大大压缩，从而减小光束在传播过程中的损耗。
光机照明系统200还包括反射透镜251、匀光器件252和中继透镜组253。反射透镜251用于将光源模块210发出的三基色光引导至匀光器件252，匀光器件252用于将反射透镜251发出的三基色光进行匀光，中继透镜组253用于将匀光器件252发出的三基色光中继至第一分光合光器件231。
反射透镜251用于改变三基色光的光路，使得三基色光均能够入射至均光器件252进行匀光。反射透镜251可以包括第一反射子透镜2511和第二反射子透镜2512，第一反射子透镜2511用于将蓝光反射至匀光器件252，并透射红光至匀光器件252。第二反射子透镜2512用于将绿光反射至匀光器件252，并透射红光和蓝光至匀光器件252，保证三基色光均能入射至匀光器件252。需要说明的是，本申请实施例并不限制反射透镜251所包含的用于改变光路的光学元件的数量和种类，所有用于接收三基色光，并将三基色光传输至匀光器件252的光路转换组件都属于本申请的保护范围。
匀光器件252可以对三基色光进行匀化，从而避免造成局部冲击过大形成灼伤以及输出图像亮度不均匀的问题。匀光器件252可以为光棒、复眼透镜、光 锥中的任意一种。
中继透镜组253用于对匀光器件252发出的三基色光进行收集与汇聚后提供至第一分光合光器件231，中继透镜组253可以由多个收集透镜，如凸透镜、凹透镜组合形成。
光机照明系统200还包括第一全内反射棱镜261和第二全内反射棱镜262。第一全内反射棱镜261用于将第一分光合光器件231发出的光束反射至第一空间光调制器221进行调制后，出射至第二分光合光器件232。第二全内反射棱镜262用于将第一分光合光器件231发出的光束反射至第二空间光调制器222进行调制后，出射至第二分光合光器件232。
第一全内反射棱镜261和第二全内反射棱镜262可以分别由两个三棱柱棱镜拼合而成，光线入射至第一全内反射棱镜261和第二全内反射棱镜262发生全反射，从而使更多的光线进入到第一空间光调制器221和第二空间光调制器222，可以提高光机照明系统200的光线采集能力。
光机照明系统200还包括镜头263，镜头263用于接收第二分光合光器件232出射的合光，以最终形成影像。
图12是本申请实施例另一种实施方式提供的光机照明系统的结构示意图，请参阅图12所示，在另一种实施方式中，第一偏振光和第二偏振光之间的比例可以通过不同偏振态的激光模组进行调整。
在本实施例中，光源模块210可以为激光光源，光源模块210包括第一激光器2121、第二激光器2122、第一偏振光激光器2123和第二偏振光激光器2124。
第一激光器2121用于发出第一色光(例如红光)，第二激光器2122用于发出第二色光(例如蓝光)，第一偏振光激光器2123用于发出第一偏振光(例如绿色P偏振光)，第二偏振光激光器2124用于发出第二偏振光(例如绿色S偏 振光)，通过控制第一偏振光激光器2123和第二偏振光激光器2124通断的占空比即可以调节第一偏振光和第二偏振光之间的比例。
在本实施例中，光源模块210还包括偏振光反射镜2125和偏振光合光器件2126。偏振光反射镜2125用于将第一偏振光引导至偏振光合光器件2126，或者用于将第二偏振光引导至偏振光合光器件2126。偏振光合光器件2126用于将第一偏振光和第二偏振光合束后形成第三色光。作为一种示例，偏振光合光器件2126设置于第一偏振光激光器2123的光路上，偏振光反射镜2125设置于第二偏振光激光器2124的光路上，偏振光反射镜2125用于将第二偏振光引导至偏振光合光器件2126。
偏振光反射镜2125用于改变第一偏振光或者第二偏振光的光路，使得第一偏振光和第二偏振光能够入射至偏振光合光器件2126进行合光。偏振光反射镜2125可以为平面反射镜或曲面发射镜，具体可以根据实际需要进行设置。
偏振光合光器件2126设置有第三二向色滤光片2128，第三二向色滤光片2128可以选用与第一二向色滤光片233一致的二向色滤光片，使得第三二向色滤光片2128将第一偏振光和第二偏振光合光形成的第三色光可以被第一二向色滤光片233分光形成第一偏振光和第二偏振光。
需要说明的是，第一偏振光激光器2123发出的第一偏振光和第二偏振光激光器2124发出的第二偏振光可以直接入射至匀光器件252进行合光，也可以通过偏振光合光器件2126合光后入射至匀光器件252，具体形式不限。
在本实施例中，光源模块210还包括四个准直透镜2127，四个准直透镜2127分别设置于第一激光器2121、第二激光器2122、第一偏振光激光器2123和第二偏振光激光器2124的出射光路上，用于将第一色光、第二色光、第一偏振光和第二偏振光进行准直后发出，以形成准直光束。
本申请实施例提供的光机照明系统200可以通过偏振光转换器2114或者不同偏振态的第一偏振光激光器2123和第二偏振光激光器2124设定绿色P偏振光和绿色S偏振光之间的比例，并在第一分光合光器件231设置二向色滤光片将红光和绿色S偏振光反射至第一空间光调制器221进行调制，将蓝光和绿色P偏振光透射至第二空间光调制器222进行调制，可以在绿光的光功率大于红光和蓝光的光功率的色域下，实现双空间光调制器的光功率平衡。
图13是本申请另一实施例提供的光机照明系统的结构示意图，请参阅图13所示，该实施例提供的光机照明系统300也可以在红光的光功率大于绿光和蓝光的光功率的色域(例如Rec.2020色域)，实现双空间光调制器的光功率平衡。
在本实施例中，第一色光为绿光，第二色光为蓝光，第三色光为红光，第一偏振光为红色P偏振光，第二偏振光为红色S偏振光。即红光的光功率最高，且红光为偏振态光，包括比例可调的红色P偏振光和红色S偏振光。
在一些高端的显示场景，Rec.2020色域是刚需。根据ITU-R Recommendation BT.2020标准的规定，Rec.2020色域采用的RGB三基色的色坐标如图14所示。
从CIE 1931色域图可知，Rec.2020色域的三基色是单色光，为实现Rec.2020色域标准，考虑使用激光光源作为三基色光光源，使得光机照明系统200可以实现Rec.2020色域下的双空间光调制器的光功率平衡。
根据公式(2)和公式(3)以及图6可以计算得到Rec.2020色域对应的RGB三基色光的光功率输出为P R:P G:P B＝1:0.8399∶0.0713，该光功率输出对应的白光是D65。可以发现，在Rec.2020色域下，红光的光功率占据主导地位，即红光的光功率大于绿光的光功率，且大于蓝光的光功率。在这种情况下，第一实施例对绿光进行分光的分案无法实现双空间光调制器的光功率平衡。针对Rec.2020色域，可以对红光进行分光。
光机照明系统300通过将红光转换为偏振态，并设定红色P偏振光和红色S偏振光之间的比例，再通过第一分光合光器件331可以将绿光、蓝光和红色S偏振光反射至第一空间光调制器321进行调制，以及将红色P偏振光透射至第二空间光调制器322进行调制，可以在Rec.2020色域下实现双空间光调制器的光功率平衡。
在本实施例中，光机照明系统300还包括第一偏振带通滤光片333和第二偏振带通滤光片334，第一偏振带通滤光片333设置于第一分光合光器件331的分光面，第二偏振带通滤光片334设置于第二分光合光器件332的分光面。
第一偏振带通滤光片333和第二偏振带通滤光片334具有不同的波段规格，作为一种示例，第一偏振带通滤光片333和第二偏振带通滤光片334可以选用图15所示的偏振带通滤光片。
请一并参阅图13和图15所示，第一偏振带通滤光片333和第二偏振带通滤光片334的中心波长可以为639nm，红色P偏振光可以透过第一偏振带通滤光片333和第二偏振带通滤光片334入射至第二空间光调制器322进行调制，而红色S偏振光、绿光和蓝光被反射至第二空间光调制器322进行调制，通过调整红色P偏振光和红色S偏振光之间的比例即可以实现双空间光调制器的光功率平衡。当然，光机照明系统300也可以采用二向色滤光片或者其他可以实现需求的分光构件对红光进行分光。
在一种实施方式中，红色P偏振光和红色S偏振光之间的比例可以通过偏振光转换器进行调整，通过偏振光转换器可以将光功率最高的红光转换为需要的偏振态光，再根据偏振光转换器的选通控制，可以调节红色P偏振光和红色S偏振光之间的占空比。
在本实施例中，激光光源310包括第一激光器3111、第二激光器3112、第 三激光器3113和偏振光转换器3114。第一激光器3111用于发出第一色光(例如绿光)，第二激光器3112用于发出第二色光(例如蓝光)，第三激光器3113用于发出第三色光(例如红光)，偏振光转换器3114用于将第三色光进行偏振态转换以得到第一偏振光(例如红色P偏振光)第二偏振光(例如红色S偏振光)，并用于调节第一偏振光和第二偏振光之间的比例。
激光光源310还包括三个准直透镜3115，三个准直透镜3115分别设置于第一激光器3111、第二激光器3112和第三激光器3113的出射光路，用于将第一色光、第二色光和第三色光进行准直后发出，以形成准直光束。
关于激光光源310的其他内容可以参考上述实施例中的相关记载，在此不再赘述。另外，关于本申请第二实施提供的光机照明系统300其他部分的结构特征也请参阅上述实施例的相关描述。
图16为本申请另一实施例提供的单DMD和光机照明系统的色光时序图，在一些实施方式中，可以调节红色P偏振光和红色S偏振光的占空比为0.956:0.044，从而在第一空间光调制器321分配蓝光、绿光，以及光功率占比为0.044的红光(即红色S偏振光)，在第二空间光调制器322分配光功率占比为0.956的红光(即红色P偏振光)，可以在Rec.2020色域下实现双空间光调制器的光功率平衡。
图17是本申请另一实施例另一种实施方式提供的光机照明系统的结构示意图，请参阅图17所示，在另一种实施方式中，红色P偏振光和红色S偏振光之间的比例可以通过不同偏振态的激光模组进行调整。
在该实施方式中，激光光源310包括第一激光器3121、第二激光器3122、第一偏振光激光器3123和第二偏振光激光器3124。第一激光器3121用于发出第一色光(例如绿光)，第二激光器3122用于发出第二色光(例如蓝光)，第 一偏振光激光器3123用于发出第一偏振光(例如红色P偏振光)，第二偏振光激光器3124用于发出第二偏振光(例如红色S偏振光)。由此，通过控制第一偏振光激光器3123和第二偏振光激光器3124通断的占空比即可以调节第一偏振光和第二偏振光之间的比例。
激光光源310还包括偏振光反射镜3125和偏振光合光器件3126。偏振光反射镜3125用于将第一偏振光引导至偏振光合光器件3126，或者用于将第二偏振光引导至偏振光合光器件3126。偏振光合光器件3126用于将第一偏振光和第二偏振光合束后形成第三色光。作为一种示例，偏振光合光器件3126设置于第一偏振光激光器3123的光路上，偏振光反射镜3125设置于第二偏振光激光器3124的光路上，偏振光反射镜3125用于将第二偏振光引导至偏振光合光器件3126。
偏振光合光器件3126设置有第三偏振带通滤光片3129，第三偏振带通滤光片3129可以选用与第一偏振带通滤光片333一致的偏振带通滤光片，使得第三偏振带通滤光片3129合光形成的第三色光可以被第一偏振带通滤光片333分光形成第一偏振光和第二偏振光。关于激光光源310的其他内容可以参考上述其他实施例中的相关记载，在此不再赘述。
本申请第二实施例提供的光机照明系统300可以通过偏振光转换器3114或者第一偏振光激光器3123和第二偏振光激光器3124预先设定红色P偏振光和红色S偏振光之间的比例，并在第一分光合光器件331设置偏振带通滤光片可以将红色P偏振光透射至第二空间光调制器321进行调制，并将红色S偏振光、绿光和蓝光反射至第二空间光调制器322进行调制，可以在Rec.2020色域实现双空间光调制器的光功率平衡。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例提高的光机照明系统可以针对不同的色域动态调整分光方案，例如在第一实施例中，绿光的光功率最高，可以对绿光进行分 光实现光功率平衡；在第二实施例中，红光的光功率最高，可以对红光进行分光实现光功率平衡。同样的，在一些色域中，蓝光的光功率最高，可以对蓝光进行分光实现光功率平衡，具体分光策略可以参考上述实施例的内容，在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供了一种投影仪，包括壳体(未示出)以及光机照明系统，光机照明系统设置于壳体内。
光机照明系统的详细结构特征请参阅上述实施例的相关描述。由于该投影仪包括上述实施例中的光机照明系统，因而具有光机照明系统所具有的一切有益效果，在此不再赘述。关于投影仪其他部分的结构特征则在本领域技术人员的理解范围内，此处亦不再赘述。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本申请专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此，本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种光机照明系统，其特征在于，包括：
    光源模块，用于发出三基色光，所述三基色光包括第一色光、第二色光和第三色光，所述第三色光的光功率大于所述第一色光的光功率，且大于所述第二色光的光功率，所述第三色光包括第一偏振光和第二偏振光；以及
    第一空间光调制器、第二空间光调制器、第一分光合光器件以及第二分光合光器件；
    其中，所述第一分光合光器件用于将所述第一偏振光引导至所述第一空间光调制器进行调制，以及用于将所述第二偏振光引导至所述第二空间光调制器进行调制，所述第一分光合光器件还用于将所述第一色光引导至所述第一空间光调制器或者所述第二空间光调整器进行调制，以及用于将所述第二色光引导至所述第一空间光调制器或者所述第二空间光调制器进行调制；所述第二分光合光器件用于将经所述第一空间光调制器和所述第二空间光调制器调制后的所述第一色光、所述第二色光、所述第一偏振光和所述第二偏振光合光后发出。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光机照明系统，其特征在于，所述光源模块还用于调节所述第一偏振光和所述第二偏振光的比例。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的光机照明系统，其特征在于，所述光源模块包括：
    第一激光器，用于发出所述第一色光；
    第二激光器，用于发出所述第二色光；
    第三激光器，用于发出所述第三色光；以及
    偏振光转换器，用于将所述第三色光进行偏振态转换以得到所述第一偏振光和所述第二偏振光，并用于调节所述第一偏振光和所述第二偏振光之间的比例。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的光机照明系统，其特征在于，所述光源模块包括：
    第一激光器，用于发出所述第一色光；
    第二激光器，用于发出所述第二色光；
    第一偏振光激光器，用于发出所述第一偏振光；以及
    第二偏振光激光器，用于发出所述第二偏振光。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的光机照明系统，其特征在于，所述光源模块还包括偏振光反射镜和偏振光合光器件；所述偏振光反射镜用于将所述第一偏振光引导至所述偏振光合光器件，或者用于将所述第二偏振光引导至所述偏振光合光器件；所述偏振光合光器件用于将所述第一偏振光和所述第二偏振光合束后形成所述第三色光。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的光机照明系统，其特征在于，所述第一色光为红光，所述第二色光为蓝光，所述第三色光为绿光，所述第一偏振光为绿色P偏振光，所述第二偏振光为绿色S偏振光；
    所述第一分光合光器件用于将所述红光和所述绿色S偏振光引导至所述第一空间光调制器进行调制，以及用于将所述蓝光和所述绿色P偏振光引导至所述第二空间光调制器进行调制。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的光机照明系统，其特征在于，所述光机照明系统还包括第一二向色滤光片和第二二向色滤光片，所述第一二向色滤光片设置于所述第一分光合光器件的分光面，所述第二二向色滤光片设置于所述第二分光合光器件的分光面。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的光机照明系统，其特征在于，所述第一色光为绿光，所述第二色光为蓝光，所述第三色光为红光，所述第一偏振光为红色P偏振光，所述第二偏振光为红色S偏振光；
    所述第一分光合光器件用于将所述绿光、所述蓝光和所述红色S偏振光引导至所述第一空间光调制器进行调制，以及用于将所述红色P偏振光引导至所述第二空间光调制器进行调制。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的光机照明系统，其特征在于，所述光机照明系统还包括第一偏振带通滤光片和第二偏振带通滤光片，所述第一偏振带通滤光片设置于所述第一分光合光器件的分光面，所述第二偏振带通滤光片设置于所述第二分光合光器件的分光面。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的光机照明系统，其特征在于，所述光机照明系统还包括反射透镜、匀光器件和中继透镜组；
    所述反射透镜用于将所述光源模块发出的所述三基色光引导至所述匀光器件，所述匀光器件用于将所述反射透镜发出的所述三基色光进行匀光，所述中继透镜组用于将所述匀光器件发出的所述三基色光中继至所述第一分光合光器件。
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