WO2022016758A1 - 真空有载分接开关的过渡装置和真空有载分接开关的过渡装置的切换方法 - Google Patents

真空有载分接开关的过渡装置和真空有载分接开关的过渡装置的切换方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022016758A1
WO2022016758A1 PCT/CN2020/130617 CN2020130617W WO2022016758A1 WO 2022016758 A1 WO2022016758 A1 WO 2022016758A1 CN 2020130617 W CN2020130617 W CN 2020130617W WO 2022016758 A1 WO2022016758 A1 WO 2022016758A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
circuit breaker
static contact
vacuum circuit
transfer switch
vacuum
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PCT/CN2020/130617
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李鹏
张书琦
杨帆
汪可
李戈琦
李金忠
李刚
刘雪丽
孙建涛
程涣超
徐征宇
王健一
遇心如
梁宁川
吴标
李熙宁
王琳
Original Assignee
中国电力科学研究院有限公司
国家电网有限公司
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Publication of WO2022016758A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022016758A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H9/0038—Tap change devices making use of vacuum switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
    • H01F29/04—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings having provision for tap-changing without interrupting the load current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H9/0016—Contact arrangements for tap changers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H9/0027—Operating mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of tap changer transition, for example, to a transition device of a vacuum on-load tap-changer and a switching method of the transition device of a vacuum on-load tap-changer.
  • the on-load tap-changer is a switching device that provides a constant voltage to the transformer when the load changes.
  • the basic principle of the on-load tap changer is to realize the switching between the taps in the transformer winding under the condition of ensuring that the load current is not interrupted, so as to change the number of turns of the winding, that is, the voltage ratio of the transformer, and finally achieve the purpose of voltage regulation.
  • the vacuum on-load tap-changer relies on the vacuum tube of the switch to achieve arc extinguishing, and the arc and hot gas are not exposed; the oil in the oil chamber of the tap-changer will not be carbonized and polluted, and the oil does not need to be purified; the burning of the contacts in the vacuum tube Corrosion damage can be minimized.
  • the on-load tap-changer consists of a diverter switch, a tap selector and an electric mechanism.
  • the on-load tap-changer needs to include a transition circuit and a selection circuit. Different voltage regulation methods require different voltage regulation circuits. Therefore, the circuit of the on-load tap-changer consists of transition circuits. It consists of three parts: circuit, selection circuit and voltage regulating circuit.
  • the transition circuit is a series resistance circuit connected between the tap points, and the mechanism corresponding to the transition circuit is a switch or a selector switch, which is a tap for transforming the transformer windings in a charged state.
  • the tap changer adopts the principle of transition circuit to realize the tap change operation.
  • transition circuit resistances of the transition circuit there are single resistance, double resistance, four resistance or multi-resistance transition, according to the contact fracture of the transition circuit, there are single fracture or double fracture, etc., which can be combined to form a variety of transition circuits.
  • the transition circuit and switching procedure have different effects on the contact switching task of the diverter switch. Whether the arc can be reliably extinguished within the first half cycle of the current depends to a large extent on the desired switching task.
  • the present application provides a transition device for a vacuum on-load tap-changer and a switching method for the transition device for a vacuum on-load tap-changer, which are used to solve the problems of complex mechanical structure of the transition device and low electrical life of the vacuum on-load tap-changer.
  • the present application provides a transition device for a vacuum on-load tap changer, including: a main transfer switch S1, an auxiliary transfer switch S2, a circulating vacuum circuit breaker RV1, a circulating current vacuum circuit breaker RV2, a load current vacuum circuit breaker MV, a transition resistance R1 and Transition resistance R2;
  • the main transfer switch S1 includes a static contact a, a static contact b, a static contact c and a static contact d; the static contact a and the static contact c are respectively connected to the odd-numbered gears of the tap selector of the vacuum on-load tap-changer and even-numbered gears, the static contact b and the static contact d are respectively connected to the circulating current vacuum circuit breaker RV1 and the circulating current vacuum circuit breaker RV2, and the circulating current vacuum circuit breaker RV1 and the circulating current vacuum circuit breaker RV2 are respectively connected to the transition resistance R1 and the transition resistance R2.
  • Resistor R1 and transition resistor R2 are respectively connected to the odd-numbered and even-numbered gears of the tap selector of the vacuum on-load tap-changer, the fixed end of the action arm of S1 is connected to the neutral point of the transformer, and the moving contact of the action arm of the main transfer switch S1
  • the head can be rotatably connected to static contact a, static contact b, static contact c or static contact d;
  • the auxiliary transfer switch S2 includes a static contact e and a static contact f; the static contact e and the static contact f are respectively connected to the odd-numbered and even-numbered gears of the tap selector of the vacuum on-load tap-changer, and the action of the auxiliary transfer switch S2
  • the fixed end of the arm is connected to the neutral point of the transformer through the load current vacuum circuit breaker MV, and the moving contact of the action arm of the auxiliary transfer switch S2 can be rotatably connected to the static contact e or static contact f;
  • the circulating current vacuum circuit breaker RV1 is configured to cut off the circulating current between the odd-numbered gears and the even-numbered gears when the transition device of the vacuum on-load tap-changer is switched from an odd-numbered gear to an even-numbered gear;
  • the circulating vacuum circuit breaker RV2 is configured to cut off the circulating current between the even-numbered gears and the odd-numbered gears when the transition device of the vacuum on-load tap-changer is switched from the even-numbered gear to the odd-numbered gear;
  • the load current vacuum circuit breaker MV is arranged to cut off the load current when the transition device of the vacuum on-load tap-changer is in at least one of the following: switching from an odd-numbered gear to an even-numbered gear, or from an even-numbered gear to an odd-numbered gear.
  • the application also provides a method for converting a transition device of a vacuum on-load tap-changer, comprising:
  • the transition device of the tap changer connects the odd-numbered gears and the even-numbered gears at the same time to form a bridge and generate a circulating current;
  • the application also provides a method for converting a transition device of a vacuum on-load tap-changer, comprising:
  • the load current vacuum circuit breaker MV is closed, and the transition device of the vacuum on-load tap-changer is connected to the even-numbered gear and the odd-numbered gear of the tap selector of the vacuum on-load tap-changer at the same time, forming a bridge, generating a circulating current, and connecting the load The current is transferred from the even-numbered gear to the odd-numbered gear;
  • Fig. 1 is the conversion schematic diagram of the transition device of the vacuum on-load tap-changer provided by the present application
  • Fig. 2 is the conversion schematic diagram of the transition device of the vacuum on-load tap-changer provided by the present application
  • Fig. 3 is the conversion schematic diagram of the transition device of the vacuum on-load tap-changer provided by the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is the conversion schematic diagram of the transition device of the vacuum on-load tap-changer provided by the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is the conversion schematic diagram of the transition device of the vacuum on-load tap-changer provided by the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is the conversion schematic diagram of the transition device of the vacuum on-load tap-changer provided by the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is the conversion schematic diagram of the transition device of the vacuum on-load tap-changer provided by the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is the conversion schematic diagram of the transition device of the vacuum on-load tap-changer provided by the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is the conversion schematic diagram of the transition device of the vacuum on-load tap-changer provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the transition of the transition device of the vacuum on-load tap-changer provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the conversion of the transition device of the vacuum on-load tap-changer provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the transition of the transition device of the vacuum on-load tap-changer provided by the present application.
  • 13 is a schematic diagram of the transition of the transition device of the vacuum on-load tap-changer provided by the present application.
  • 14 is a schematic diagram of the transition of the transition device of the vacuum on-load tap-changer provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the conversion procedure of the transition device of the vacuum on-load tap-changer provided by the present application from N ⁇ N+1;
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of the conversion procedure of the transition device of the vacuum on-load tap-changer provided by the present application from N+1 ⁇ N;
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of another transition device of a vacuum on-load tap-changer provided by the present application.
  • the present application provides a transition device for a vacuum on-load tap changer.
  • the structure is shown in FIG. 1, including: a main transfer switch S1, an auxiliary transfer switch S2, a circulating vacuum circuit breaker RV1, a circulating current vacuum circuit breaker RV2, and a load current vacuum circuit breaker MV, transition resistance R1 and transition resistance R2.
  • Main transfer switch S1 including static contact a, static contact b, static contact c and static contact d; static contact a and static contact c are respectively connected to the odd number of tap selectors of the vacuum on-load tap-changer Odd Tap and Even Tap, the static contact b and the static contact d are respectively connected to the circulating current vacuum circuit breaker RV1 and the circulating current vacuum circuit breaker RV2, and the circulating current vacuum circuit breaker RV1 and the circulating current vacuum circuit breaker RV2 are respectively connected to the transition Resistor R1 and transition resistance R2 are connected, and transition resistance R1 and transition resistance R2 are respectively connected to the odd-numbered and even-numbered gears of the tap selector of the vacuum on-load tap-changer.
  • the fixed end of the action arm of S1 is connected to the neutral point of the transformer.
  • the movable contact of the action arm of the transfer switch S1 can be rotatably connected to the static contact a, the static contact b, the static contact c or the static contact d;
  • Auxiliary transfer switch S2 including static contact e and static contact f; static contact e and static contact f are respectively connected to the odd gear (Odd Tap) and the even gear (Even) of the tap selector of the vacuum on-load tap-changer Tap), the fixed end of the action arm of S2 is connected to the neutral point of the transformer through the load current vacuum circuit breaker MV, and the movable contact of the action arm of the auxiliary transfer switch S2 can be rotatably connected to the static contact e or static contact f;
  • the circulating current vacuum circuit breaker RV1 is configured to cut off the circulating current between the odd-numbered gears and the even-numbered gears when the transition device of the vacuum on-load tap-changer is switched from an odd-numbered gear to an even-numbered gear;
  • the circulating vacuum circuit breaker RV2 is configured to cut off the circulating current between the even-numbered gears and the odd-numbered gears when the transition device of the vacuum on-load tap-changer is switched from the even-numbered gear to the odd-numbered gear;
  • the load current vacuum circuit breaker MV is arranged to cut off the load current when the transition device of the vacuum on-load tap-changer is switched from odd-numbered to even-numbered gears and/or even-numbered gears to odd-numbered gears.
  • the present application provides a transition device for a vacuum on-load tap changer, including: a main transfer switch S1, an auxiliary transfer switch S2, circulating current vacuum circuit breakers RV1, RV2, load current vacuum circuit breakers MV and transition resistors R1, R2; the device Compared with the structural transition circuit in the related art, it can significantly reduce the moving parts in the tap changer, reduce the complexity of the mechanical structure, balance the switching capacity of the main vacuum circuit breaker and the auxiliary vacuum circuit breaker, and improve the performance of the entire vacuum on-load tap changer. Electrical life, solve the problems of complex mechanical structure of transition device and low electrical life of vacuum on-load tap-changer.
  • the fixed end of the action arm of the main transfer switch S1 and one end of the load current vacuum circuit breaker MV are both connected to the neutral point of the transformer to output current.
  • the load current vacuum circuit breaker MV is turned on, the circulating current vacuum circuit breakers RV1 and RV2 are turned on, the load current I N is connected to the neutral point output through the static contact a of the main transfer switch S1 through the action arm of S1, and the auxiliary transfer switch is connected in parallel at the same time.
  • the moving contact of the action arm of the main transfer switch S1 is conductive with the static contact a, and the auxiliary transfer switch S2
  • the moving contact of the action arm is conductive with the static contact e;
  • the load current vacuum circuit breaker MV is turned on, the circulating current vacuum circuit breaker RV1 and the circulating current vacuum circuit breaker RV2 are turned on, and the load current I N is connected to the static contact a of the main transfer switch S1 and the The static contact e of the auxiliary transfer switch S2 and the parallel circuit of the load current vacuum circuit breaker MV are connected to the neutral point output of the transformer.
  • the transition method of the transition device of the vacuum on-load tap-changer includes:
  • the moving contact of the action arm of the main transfer switch S1 is changed from the static contact a to the static contact b, the load current of odd gears flows through the auxiliary transfer switch S2 and the load current vacuum circuit breaker MV, and the load current vacuum circuit breaker MV passes through the load current.
  • the transition resistance R1 and the circulating vacuum circuit breaker RV1 are connected in parallel, and are output through the static contact b of the main transfer switch S1.
  • the load current vacuum circuit breaker MV is disconnected, and an arc is generated.
  • the odd-numbered load current I N flows through the transition resistor R1, the circulating current vacuum circuit breaker RV1 and the static contact b of the main transfer switch S1 in turn, and the load is output.
  • the recovery voltage U MV IN ⁇ R1 across the current vacuum circuit breaker MV.
  • the method further includes: vacuum disconnecting the odd-numbered load current through the auxiliary transfer switch S2 and the load current
  • the transformer MV, the parallel circuit with the transition resistor R1, the circulating vacuum circuit breaker RV1 and the static contact b of the main transfer switch S1 are connected to the neutral point output of the transformer.
  • N is connected to the neutral point output through the static contact c of the main transfer switch S1 through the action arm of S1, and at the same time, the static contact f of the auxiliary transfer switch S2 and the load current vacuum circuit breaker MV are connected in parallel, and the tap change operation is completed and completed.
  • the transition device of the vacuum on-load tap-changer switches from odd-numbered to even-numbered gears.
  • the moving contact of the action arm of the main transfer switch S1 is conductive with the static contact c, and the auxiliary transfer switch S2
  • the moving contact of the action arm is conducted with the static contact f; the load current vacuum circuit breaker MV is conducted, the circulating current vacuum circuit breaker RV1 and the circulating current vacuum circuit breaker RV2 are conducted, and the load current I N is conducted through the
  • the static contact c of the main transfer switch S1, the static contact f of the auxiliary transfer switch S2 and the load current vacuum circuit breaker MV are connected in parallel to the neutral point output of the transformer.
  • the transition method of the transition device of the vacuum on-load tap-changer includes:
  • the moving contact of the action arm of the main transfer switch S1 is changed from the static contact c to the static contact d, the even-numbered load current flows through the auxiliary transfer switch S2 and the load current vacuum circuit breaker MV, and is output through the load current vacuum circuit breaker MV , at the same time, the transition resistance R2 and the circulating vacuum circuit breaker RV2 are connected in parallel, and are output through the static contact d of the main transfer switch S1.
  • the load current vacuum circuit breaker MV is disconnected to generate an arc; after the arc is extinguished, the even-numbered load current I N sequentially flows through the transition resistor R2, the circulating current vacuum circuit breaker RV2 and the static contact d of the main transfer switch S1 for output.
  • Recovery voltage U MV IN ⁇ R2 across the current vacuum circuit breaker MV.
  • the method further includes: vacuum disconnecting the even-numbered load current through the auxiliary transfer switch S2 and the load current
  • the transformer MV, the parallel circuit with the transition resistor R2, the circulating vacuum circuit breaker RV2 and the static contact d of the main transfer switch S1 are connected to the neutral point output of the transformer.
  • the action arm of the auxiliary transfer switch S2 is switched from the connection of the static contact f to the connection of the static contact e; after the arc in the MV is completely extinguished, the action arm of the auxiliary transfer switch S2 is connected by the connection
  • the static contact f is switched to connect to the static contact e, and the even-numbered load current I N flows through the transition resistor R2, the circulating vacuum circuit breaker RV2 and the static contact d of the main transfer switch S1 for output.
  • N is connected to the neutral point output through the static contact a of the main transfer switch S1 through the action arm of S1, while the static contact e of the auxiliary transfer switch S2 and the load current vacuum circuit breaker MV output in parallel.
  • the transition device for completing the vacuum on-load tap-changer is switched from the even-numbered gear to the odd-numbered gear.
  • the transition device of the vacuum on-load tap-changer provided by this application has only two mechanical transfer switches in the circuit, which reduces the number of moving parts and reduces the complexity of the mechanical structure; R2 and the circulating vacuum circuit breaker RV1 and RV2 take turns to undertake the switching task of only one auxiliary vacuum bubble in the topology; and a transition resistance is added. Through transition resistance rotation, the temperature rise of the transition resistance can be reduced and the transition resistance can be avoided. Excessive temperature will lead to the decomposition of transformer oil to produce gas and reduce the insulation performance, which greatly improves the electrical life of the entire switch, and solves the problems of complex mechanical structure of the transition device and low electrical life of the vacuum on-load tap-changer.
  • the transition device of the vacuum on-load tap-changer includes a main transfer switch S1, an auxiliary transfer switch S2, a circulating vacuum circuit breaker RV1, a circulating current vacuum circuit breaker RV2, a load current vacuum circuit breaker MV, a transition resistance R1 and a transition resistance R2 .
  • the main transfer switch S1 has a total of 4 static contacts: including static contact a, static contact b, static contact c and static contact d, a and c electrodes are respectively connected to the odd number of the tap selector of the tap changer gears and even-numbered gears, the b and d electrodes are respectively connected to the two circulating vacuum circuit breakers RV1 and RV2, the two circulating vacuum circuit breakers are respectively connected to the two transition resistors R1 and R2, and the odd numbers of the tap selectors of the tap changer are respectively connected through the transition resistors.
  • the fixed end of the action arm of S1 is connected to the neutral point of the transformer, and the movable contact can be rotatably connected to the static contact a, the static contact b, the static contact c or the static contact d.
  • the auxiliary transfer switch S2 has 2 static contacts: including the static contact e and the static contact f.
  • the e electrode and the f electrode are respectively connected to the odd gear (Odd Tap) and the even gear (Even Tap) of the tap selector of the tap changer, and the fixed end of the action arm of S2 is connected to the neutral point of the transformer through the load current vacuum circuit breaker MV , the moving contact can be rotatably connected to the static contact e or static contact f.
  • the circulating vacuum circuit breaker RV1 is set to cut off the circulating current between the two gears when the odd-numbered gear is switched to the even-numbered gear
  • the circulating vacuum circuit breaker RV2 is set to cut off the circulating current between the two gears when the even-numbered gear is switched to the odd-numbered gear.
  • the load current vacuum circuit breaker is set to cut off the load current when the odd-numbered gear is switched to the even-numbered gear and the even-numbered gear is switched to the odd-numbered gear.
  • the vacuum on-load tap-changer Assuming that the initial position of the changeover selector of the tap selector of the vacuum on-load tap-changer remains unchanged, and the gear number of the vacuum on-load tap-changer is consistent with the contact group number of the tap selector, the vacuum on-load tap-changer
  • the switch gear should be raised from an odd-numbered gear N to an even-numbered gear N+1.
  • the operation methods include:
  • the operation methods include:
  • N is the gear switching times of the tap changer
  • I N is the load current
  • U s is the on-load tap changer stage voltage
  • R1 and R2 are transition resistances.
  • FIG. 17 provides an embodiment of a variant of the load changer switch according to the present application of a vacuum on-load tap-changer.
  • the auxiliary changeover switch S2 according to the present application is not designed as a single-arm contact, but as a double-arm contact. This embodiment achieves the balance of the force on the action arm of the switch without changing its function and effect.

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Abstract

本文公开了一种真空有载分接开关的过渡装置和真空有载分接开关的过渡装置的切换方法，真空有载分接开关的过渡装置包括：主转换开关S1、辅助转换开关S2、环流真空断路器RV1、环流真空断路器RV2、负载电流真空断路器MV、过渡电阻R1和过渡电阻R2。

Description

真空有载分接开关的过渡装置和真空有载分接开关的过渡装置的切换方法
本申请要求在2020年07月22日提交中国专利局、申请号为202010710305.7的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及分接开关过渡领域，例如涉及一种真空有载分接开关的过渡装置和真空有载分接开关的过渡装置的切换方法。
背景技术
有载分接开关，是一种为变压器在负载变化时提供恒定电压的开关装置。有载分接开关的基本原理是在保证不中断负载电流的情况下，实现变压器绕组中分接头之间的切换，从而改变绕组的匝数，即变压器的电压比，最终实现调压的目的。真空有载分接开关，靠切换开关的真空管来实现电弧熄灭，以及使电弧和炽热气体不外露；分接开关油室内的油不会碳化和污染，油不需要净化；真空管中触头的烧损腐蚀可以降到最低限度。有载分接开关由切换开关、分接选择器和电动机构构成。
在有载分接开关带负载切换的情况下，有载分接开关需要包括过渡电路和选择电路，不同的调压方式要求有不同的调压电路，因此，有载分接开关的电路由过渡电路、选择电路和调压电路三部分组成。过渡电路是跨接于分接点间的串接电阻电路，与过渡电路对应的机构为切换开关或选择开关，它是带电状态下变换变压器绕组的分接头。分接开关采用过渡电路的原理实现分接变换操作。按过渡电路的过渡电路电阻的数目有单电阻、双电阻、四电阻或多电阻过渡，按过渡电路的触头断口有单断口或双断口等，可组合构成多种过渡电路。过渡电路和切换程序对切换开关的触头切换任务有着不同影响，电弧能否限制在电流的最初半周内可靠熄灭，很大程度上取决于所需要的切换任务。
有载分接开关切换芯子内机械转换开关数量较多，对于切换开关的一极来说，包含2个主回路开关和2个辅助转换开关，机械结构较为复杂。且有载分接开关中不接过渡电阻的真空断路器为负载真空断路器，负载真空断路器只承受开断负载电流的任务；接有过渡电阻的真空断路器为环流真空断路器，环流真空断路器只承受开断内部环流的任务。根据特高压直流工程经验，换流变负载电流单柱绕组为500～600A，过渡电阻上流过的内部环流约为900～1000A，由于经过环流真空断路器上的内部环流明显大于负载电流，因此在多次切换以后，负载真空断路器和环流真空断路器的烧蚀程度不同，环流真空断路器的切换负 担和电气损伤会更严重。因此，需要提供一种机械结构简单、可减轻环流真空泡切换任务，且平衡负载真空断路器和环流真空断路器的切换容量，进而提高整台真空有载分接开关的电气寿命的过渡电路。
发明内容
本申请提供一种真空有载分接开关的过渡装置和真空有载分接开关的过渡装置的切换方法，用于解决过渡装置机械结构复杂以及真空有载分接开关的电气寿命低的问题。
本申请提供一种真空有载分接开关的过渡装置，包括：主转换开关S1、辅助转换开关S2、环流真空断路器RV1、环流真空断路器RV2、负载电流真空断路器MV、过渡电阻R1和过渡电阻R2；
主转换开关S1包括静触头a，静触头b，静触头c和静触头d；静触头a和静触头c分别连接真空有载分接开关的分接选择器的奇数档和偶数档，静触头b和静触头d分别连接环流真空断路器RV1和环流真空断路器RV2，环流真空断路器RV1和环流真空断路器RV2分别与过渡电阻R1和过渡电阻R2连接，过渡电阻R1和过渡电阻R2分别连接真空有载分接开关的分接选择器的奇数档和偶数档，S1的动作臂的固定端连接变压器的中性点，主转换开关S1的动作臂的动触头可旋转地选择连接静触头a、静触头b、静触头c或静触头d；
辅助转换开关S2包括静触头e和静触头f；静触头e和静触头f分别连接真空有载分接开关的分接选择器的奇数档和偶数档，辅助转换开关S2的动作臂的固定端通过负载电流真空断路器MV连接变压器的中性点，辅助转换开关S2的动作臂的动触头可旋转地选择连接静触头e或静触头f；
环流真空断路器RV1，设置为在真空有载分接开关的过渡装置由奇数档切换至偶数档时切断所述奇数档和所述偶数档之间的环流；
环流真空断路器RV2，设置为在真空有载分接开关的过渡装置由偶数档切换至奇数档时切断所述偶数档和所述奇数档之间的环流；
负载电流真空断路器MV，设置为在真空有载分接开关的过渡装置在以下至少之一时切断负载电流：由奇数档切换至偶数档、或由偶数档切换至奇数档。
本申请还提供一种真空有载分接开关的过渡装置的转换方法，包括：
将主转换开关S1的动作臂的动触头由静触头a转到静触头b；
断开负载电流真空断路器MV，切断负载电流，产生电弧；
在负载电流真空断路器MV内电弧熄灭的情况下，辅助转换开关S2的动作 臂由连接静触头e转换到连接静触头f；
闭合所述负载电流真空断路器MV，将负载电流由真空有载分接开关的分接选择器的奇数档转移至真空有载分接开关的分接选择器的偶数档，所述真空有载分接开关的过渡装置同时连接奇数档和偶数档，形成桥接，产生循环电流；
断开环流真空断路器RV1，切断循环电流，产生电弧；
在环流真空断路器RV1内电弧熄灭的情况下，主转换开关S1的动作臂的动触头由静触头b转到静触头c，同时闭合环流真空断路器RV1以备用，完成真空有载分接开关的过渡装置由奇数档转换到偶数档。
本申请还提供一种真空有载分接开关的过渡装置的转换方法，包括：
将主转换开关S1的动作臂的动触头由静触头c转到静触头d；
断开负载电流真空断路器MV，产生电弧；
在负载电流真空断路器MV内电弧熄灭的情况下，辅助转换开关S2的动作臂由连接静触头f转换到连接静触头e；
闭合所述负载电流真空断路器MV，所述真空有载分接开关的过渡装置同时连接真空有载分接开关的分接选择器的偶数档和奇数档，形成桥接，产生循环电流，将负载电流由偶数档转移至奇数档；
断开环流真空断路器RV2，产生电弧；
在环流真空断路器RV2内电弧熄灭的情况下，主转换开关S1的动作臂的动触头由静触头d转到静触头a，同时闭合环流真空断路器RV2备用，完成真空有载分接开关的过渡装置由偶数档转换到奇数档。
附图说明
图1是本申请提供的真空有载分接开关的过渡装置的转换示意图；
图2是本申请提供的真空有载分接开关的过渡装置的转换示意图；
图3是本申请提供的真空有载分接开关的过渡装置的转换示意图；
图4是本申请提供的真空有载分接开关的过渡装置的转换示意图；
图5是本申请提供的真空有载分接开关的过渡装置的转换示意图；
图6是本申请提供的真空有载分接开关的过渡装置的转换示意图；
图7是本申请提供的真空有载分接开关的过渡装置的转换示意图；
图8是本申请提供的真空有载分接开关的过渡装置的转换示意图；
图9是本申请提供的真空有载分接开关的过渡装置的转换示意图；
图10是本申请提供的真空有载分接开关的过渡装置的转换示意图；
图11是本申请提供的真空有载分接开关的过渡装置的转换示意图；
图12是本申请提供的真空有载分接开关的过渡装置的转换示意图；
图13是本申请提供的真空有载分接开关的过渡装置的转换示意图；
图14是本申请提供的真空有载分接开关的过渡装置的转换示意图；
图15是本申请提供的真空有载分接开关的过渡装置由N→N+1的转换程序示意图；
图16是本申请提供的真空有载分接开关的过渡装置由N+1→N的转换程序示意图；
图17是本申请提供的另一种真空有载分接开关的过渡装置的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面对本申请进行说明。但是本申请能够以很多不同于在此描述的其它方式来实施，因此本申请不受下面公开的实施例的限制。
本申请提供一种真空有载分接开关的过渡装置，结构如图1所示，包括：主转换开关S1、辅助转换开关S2、环流真空断路器RV1、环流真空断路器RV2、负载电流真空断路器MV、过渡电阻R1和过渡电阻R2。
主转换开关S1，包括静触头a，静触头b，静触头c和静触头d；静触头a和静触头c分别连接真空有载分接开关的分接选择器的奇数档(Odd Tap)和偶数档(Even Tap)，静触头b和静触头d分别连接环流真空断路器RV1和环流真空断路器RV2，环流真空断路器RV1和环流真空断路器RV2分别与过渡电阻R1和过渡电阻R2连接，过渡电阻R1和过渡电阻R2分别连接真空有载分接开关的分接选择器的奇数档和偶数档，S1的动作臂的固定端连接变压器的中性点，主转换开关S1的动作臂的动触头可旋转地选择连接静触头a、静触头b、静触头c或静触头d；
辅助转换开关S2，包括静触头e和静触头f；静触头e和静触头f分别连接真空有载分接开关的分接选择器的奇数档(Odd Tap)和偶数档(Even Tap)，S2的动作臂的固定端通过负载电流真空断路器MV连接变压器的中性点，辅助转换开关S2的动作臂的动触头可旋转地选择连接静触头e或静触头f；
环流真空断路器RV1，设置为在真空有载分接开关的过渡装置由奇数档切换至偶数档时切断所述奇数档和所述偶数档之间的环流；
环流真空断路器RV2，设置为在真空有载分接开关的过渡装置由偶数档切换至奇数档时切断所述偶数档和所述奇数档之间的环流；
负载电流真空断路器MV，设置为在真空有载分接开关的过渡装置由奇数档切换至偶数档和/或偶数档切换至奇数档时切断负载电流。
本申请提供一种真空有载分接开关的过渡装置，包括：主转换开关S1，辅助转换开关S2，环流真空断路器RV1、RV2，负载电流真空断路器MV和过渡电阻R1、R2；该装置相比相关技术中的结构过渡电路，可明显减少分接开关内动作部件，降低机械结构复杂度、平衡主真空断路器和辅助真空断路器的切换容量，提高整台真空有载分接开关的电气寿命，解决过渡装置机械结构复杂，以及真空有载分接开关的电气寿命低的问题。
所述主转换开关S1的动作臂的固定端和负载电流真空断路器MV的一端均与变压器的中性点连接，以输出电流。
所述真空有载分接开关的档位处于奇数档时，主转换开关S1的动作臂的动触头与静触头a导通，辅助转换开关S2的动作臂的动触头与静触头e导通；
负载电流真空断路器MV导通，环流真空断路器RV1和RV2导通，负载电流I N经主转换开关S1的静触头a通过S1的动作臂连接至中性点输出，同时并联辅助转换开关S2的静触头e和负载电流真空断路器MV输出。
在所述真空有载分接开关的档位处于所述奇数档的情况下，所述主转换开关S1的动作臂的动触头与所述静触头a导通，所述辅助转换开关S2的动作臂的动触头与所述静触头e导通；
所述负载电流真空断路器MV导通，所述环流真空断路器RV1和所述环流真空断路器RV2导通，将负载电流I N经所述主转换开关S1的静触头a、与所述辅助转换开关S2的静触头e和所述负载电流真空断路器MV的并联电路后连接至所述变压器的中性点输出。
当所述分接开关由奇数档转换到偶数档，真空有载分接开关的过渡装置的转换方法，包括：
将主转换开关S1的动作臂的动触头由静触头a转到静触头b，奇数档的负载电流流经辅助转换开关S2和负载电流真空断路器MV，通过负载电流真空断路器MV输出，同时并联过渡电阻R1与环流真空断路器RV1，经过主转换开关 S1的静触头b输出。断开负载电流真空断路器MV，产生电弧，该电弧熄灭后，奇数档负载电流I N依次流经过渡电阻R1、环流真空断路器RV1和主转换开关S1的静触头b输出，所述负载电流真空断路器MV两端的恢复电压U MV＝I N×R1。
在所述将主转换开关S1的动作臂的动触头由静触头a转到静触头b之后，还包括：将奇数档负载电流经所述辅助转换开关S2和所述负载电流真空断路器MV、与过渡电阻R1、所述环流真空断路器RV1和所述主转换开关S1的静触头b的并联电路后连接至所述变压器的中性点输出。
当负载电流真空断路器MV内电弧完全熄灭后，辅助转换开关S2的动作臂由连接静触头e转换到连接静触头f，奇数档负载电流I N依次流经过渡电阻R1、环流真空断路器RV1和主转换开关S1的静触头b输出。
闭合所述负载电流真空断路器MV，将负载电流由奇数档转移至偶数档，所述过渡装置同时连接奇数档和偶数档，形成桥接，产生循环电流
Figure PCTCN2020130617-appb-000001
偶数档负载电流I N流经辅助转换开关S2的静触头f和负载电流真空断路器MV输出；流经所述负载电流真空断路器MV的电流I MV＝I N+I RV1；其中，所述U S为有载分接开关级电压。
断开环流真空断路器RV1，产生电弧；偶数档负载电流I N流经辅助转换开关S2的静触头f和负载电流真空断路器MV输出；所述环流真空断路器RV1的两端的恢复电压为U RV1＝U S。
当环流真空断路器RV1内电弧完全熄灭后，主转换开关S1的动作臂的动触头由静触头b转到静触头c，同时闭合环流真空断路器RV1备用，偶数档的负载电流I N经主转换开关S1的静触头c通过S1的动作臂连接至中性点输出，同时并联辅助转换开关S2的静触头f和负载电流真空断路器MV输出，分接变换操作结束，完成真空有载分接开关的过渡装置由奇数档转换到偶数档。
当有载分接开关的档位处于偶数分接时，主转换开关S1的动作臂的动触头 与静触头c导通、辅助转换开关S2的动作臂的动触头与静触头f导通；负载电流真空断路器MV导通，环流真空断路器RV1和RV2导通，负载电流I N经主转换开关S1的静触头c通过S1的动作臂连接至中性点输出，同时并联辅助转换开关S2的静触头f和负载电流真空断路器MV输出。
在真空有载分接开关的档位处于所述偶数档的情况下，所述主转换开关S1的动作臂的动触头与所述静触头c导通、以及所述辅助转换开关S2的动作臂的动触头与所述静触头f导通；所述负载电流真空断路器MV导通，所述环流真空断路器RV1和环流真空断路器RV2导通，将负载电流I N经所述主转换开关S1的静触头c、与所述辅助转换开关S2的静触头f和所述负载电流真空断路器MV的并联电路后连接至所述变压器的中性点输出。
当所述分接开关由偶数档转换到奇数档，真空有载分接开关的过渡装置的转换方法，包括：
将主转换开关S1的动作臂的动触头由静触头c转到静触头d，偶数档负载电流流经辅助转换开关S2和负载电流真空断路器MV，通过负载电流真空断路器MV输出，同时并联过渡电阻R2与环流真空断路器RV2，经过主转换开关S1的静触头d输出。断开负载电流真空断路器MV，产生电弧；该电弧熄灭后，偶数档负载电流I N依次流经过渡电阻R2、环流真空断路器RV2和主转换开关S1的静触头d输出，所述负载电流真空断路器MV两端的恢复电压U MV＝I N×R2。
在所述将主转换开关S1的动作臂的动触头由静触头c转到静触头d之后，还包括：将偶数档负载电流经所述辅助转换开关S2和所述负载电流真空断路器MV、与过渡电阻R2、所述环流真空断路器RV2和所述主转换开关S1的静触头d的并联电路后连接至所述变压器的中性点输出。
当负载电流真空断路器MV内电弧完全熄灭后，辅助转换开关S2的动作臂由连接静触头f转换到连接静触头e；MV内电弧完全熄灭后，辅助转换开关S2的动作臂由连接静触头f转换到连接静触头e，偶数档负载电流I N依次流经过渡电阻R2、环流真空断路器RV2和主转换开关S1的静触头d输出。
闭合所述负载电流真空断路器MV，将负载电流由偶数档转移至奇数档，所 述过渡装置同时连接偶数档和奇数档，形成桥接，产生循环电流
Figure PCTCN2020130617-appb-000002
奇数档负载电流I N流经辅助转换开关S2的静触头e和负载电流真空断路器MV输出；流经所述负载电流真空断路器MV的电流I MV＝I N+I RV2；其中，所述U s为有载分接开关级电压。
断开环流真空断路器RV2，产生电弧；奇数档负载电流I N流经辅助转换开关S2的静触头e和负载电流真空断路器MV输出；所述环流真空断路器RV2两端的恢复电压为U RV2＝U S。
当环流真空断路器RV2内电弧完全熄灭后，主转换开关S1的动作臂的动触头由静触头d转到静触头a，同时闭合环流真空断路器RV2备用，奇数档的负载电流I N经主转换开关S1的静触头a通过S1的动作臂连接至中性点输出，同时并联辅助转换开关S2的静触头e和负载电流真空断路器MV输出。分接变换操作结束，完成真空有载分接开关的过渡装置由偶数档转换到奇数档。
下面描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。
本申请提供的真空有载分接开关的过渡装置，电路中仅有2个机械转换开关，减少了动作部件，降低了机械结构的复杂度；及通过切断环流的任务由两路过渡电阻R1与R2和环流真空断路器RV1与RV2轮流承担，分担了拓扑中仅一只辅助真空泡的切换任务；且增加了一只过渡电阻，通过过渡电阻轮换，可以降低过渡电阻的温升，避免过渡电阻温度过高导致变压器油分解产气和绝缘性能降低，极大提高整台开关电气寿命，解决过渡装置机械结构复杂，以及真空有载分接开关的电气寿命低的问题。
一、一种真空有载分接开关的过渡装置的结构
本实施例中真空有载分接开关的过渡装置包括主转换开关S1、辅助转换开关S2、环流真空断路器RV1、环流真空断路器RV2，负载电流真空断路器MV、过渡电阻R1和过渡电阻R2。
(1)主转换开关S1共有4个静触头：包括静触头a，静触头b，静触头c和静触头d，a和c电极分别连接分接开关分接选择器的奇数档和偶数档，b和d电极分别连接RV1和RV2两环流真空断路器，两环流真空断路器分别与两过渡电阻R1和R2连接，通过过渡电阻分别连接分接开关的分接选择器的奇数档和 偶数档，S1的动作臂的固定端连接变压器的中性点，动触头可旋转地选择连接静触头a、静触头b、静触头c或静触头d。
(2)辅助转换开关S2有2个静触头：包括静触头e，静触头f。e电极和f电极分别连接分接开关的分接选择器的奇数档(Odd Tap)和偶数档(Even Tap)，S2的动作臂的固定端通过负载电流真空断路器MV连接变压器的中性点，动触头可旋转地选择连接静触头e或静触头f。
(3)环流真空断路器RV1设置为在奇数档切换至偶数档时切断两档之间的环流，环流真空断路器RV2设置为在偶数档切换至奇数档时切断两档之间的环流。
(4)负载电流真空断路器设置为在奇数档切换至偶数档和偶数档切换至奇数档时切断负载电流。
(5)所述有载分接开关的档位处于奇数档时，主转换开关S1的动作臂的动触头与静触头a导通以及辅助转换开关S2的动作臂的动触头与静触头e导通。负载电流真空断路器MV导通，环流真空断路器RV1和RV2导通，负载电流I N经主转换开关S1的静触头a通过S1的动作臂连接至变压器的中性点输出，同时并联辅助转换开关S2的静触头e和负载电流真空断路器MV输出。
二、一种真空有载分接开关的过渡装置的转换方法
假定真空有载分接开关的分接选择器的转换选择器的初点位置不变，且真空有载分接开关档位编号与分接选择器的触头组标号一致，真空有载分接开关档位要从一个奇数档位N上升到一个偶数档位N+1。
(一)真空有载分接开关的档位处于奇数分接时，如图1所示，主转换开关S1的动作臂的动触头与静触头a导通、以及辅助转换开关S2的动作臂的动触头与静触头e导通。负载电流真空断路器MV导通，环流真空断路器RV1和RV2导通，负载电流I N经主转换开关S1的静触头a通过S1的动作臂连接至变压器的中性点输出，同时并联辅助转换开关S2的静触头e和负载电流真空断路器MV输出。
1、当分接选择器由奇数分接转换到偶数分接，操作方法包括：
(1)如图2所示，将所述主转换开关S1的动作臂的动触头由静触头a转到静触头b，奇数档负载电流I N流经辅助转换开关S2和负载电流真空断路器MV输出，同时并联过渡电阻R1与环流真空断路器RV1，经过主转换开关S1的静触头b输出。
(2)如图3所示，断开所述负载电流真空断路器MV，产生电弧；该电弧熄灭后，奇数档负载电流I N依次流经过渡电阻R1、环流真空断路器RV1和主转 换开关S1的静触头b输出，所述负载电流真空断路器MV两端的恢复电压U MV＝I N×R1。
(3)如图4所示，负载电流真空断路器MV内电弧完全熄灭后，辅助转换开关S2的动作臂由连接静触头e转换到连接静触头f，奇数档负载电流I N依次流经过渡电阻R1、环流真空断路器RV1和主转换开关S1的静触头b输出。
(4)如图5所示，闭合所述负载电流真空断路器MV，过渡电路同时连接奇数档和偶数档，形成桥接，产生循环电流I RV1＝U s/R1；此时负载电流由奇数档转移至偶数档，偶数档负载电流I N流经辅助转换开关S2的静触头f和负载电流真空断路器MV输出；流经所述负载电流真空断路器MV的电流I MV＝I N+I RV1；其中，所述U S为有载分接开关级电压。
(5)如图6所示，断开环流真空断路器RV1，产生电弧；偶数档负载电流I N流经辅助转换开关S2的静触头f和负载电流真空断路器MV输出；所述环流真空断路器RV1两端的恢复电压为U RV1＝U S。
(6)如图7所示，环流真空断路器RV1内电弧完全熄灭后，主转换开关S1的动作臂的动触头由静触头b转到静触头c，同时闭合环流真空断路器RV1备用，偶数档的负载电流I N经主转换开关S1的静触头c通过主转换开关S1的动作臂连接至变压器的中性点输出，同时并联辅助转换开关S2的静触头f和负载电流真空断路器MV输出。分接变换操作结束，切换开关完成由奇数档转换到偶数档的调压。
2、当分接选择器由奇数分接转换到偶数分接，过渡电路转换程序示意图如图15所示。
(二)真空有载分接开关的档位处于偶数分接时，如图8所示，主转换开关S1的动作臂的动触头与静触头c导通以及辅助转换开关S2的动作臂的动触头与静触头f导通。负载电流真空断路器MV导通，环流真空断路器RV1和RV2导通，负载电流I N经主转换开关S1的静触头c通过S1的动作臂连接至变压器的中性点输出，同时并联辅助转换开关S2的静触头f和负载电流真空断路器MV输出。
1、当分接选择器由偶数分接转换到奇数分接，操作方法包括：
(1)如图9所示，将所述主转换开关S1的动作臂的动触头由静触头c转到静触头d，偶数档负载电流I N流经辅助转换开关S2和负载电流真空断路器MV输出，同时并联过渡电阻R2与环流真空断路器RV2，经过主转换开关S1的静触头d输出。
(2)如图10所示，断开所述负载电流真空断路器MV，产生电弧；该电弧 熄灭后，偶数档负载电流I N依次流经过渡电阻R2、环流真空断路器RV2和主转换开关S1的静触头d输出，所述负载电流真空断路器MV两端的恢复电压U MV＝I N×R2。
(3)如图11所示，负载电流真空断路器MV内电弧完全熄灭后，辅助转换开关S2的动作臂由连接静触头f转换到连接静触头e，偶数档负载电流I N依次流经过渡电阻R2、环流真空断路器RV2和主转换开关S1的静触头d输出。
(4)如图12所示，闭合所述负载电流真空断路器MV，过渡电路同时连接偶数档和奇数档，形成桥接，产生循环电流I RV2＝U s/R2；此时负载电流由偶数档转移至奇数档，奇数档负载电流I N流经辅助转换开关S2的静触头e和负载电流真空断路器MV输出；流经所述负载电流真空断路器MV的电流I MV＝I N+I RV2；其中，所述U S为有载分接开关级电压。
(5)如图13所示，断开环流真空断路器RV2，产生电弧；奇数档负载电流I N流经辅助转换开关S2的静触头e和负载电流真空断路器MV输出；所述环流真空断路器RV2两端的恢复电压为U RV2＝U S。
(6)如图14所示，环流真空断路器RV2内电弧完全熄灭后，主转换开关S1的动作臂的动触头由静触头d转到静触头a，同时闭合环流真空断路器RV2备用，奇数档的负载电流I N经主转换开关S1的静触头a通过S1的动作臂连接至变压器的中性点输出，同时并联辅助转换开关S2的静触头e和负载电流真空断路器MV输出。分接变换操作结束，切换开关完成由偶数档转换到奇数档的调压。
2、当分接选择器由偶数分接转换到奇数分接，过渡电路转换程序示意图如图16所示。
三、本实施例中真空有载分接开关的过渡装置的真空断路器的任务如下表1所示：
表1
Figure PCTCN2020130617-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2020130617-appb-000004
其中，N为分接开关的档位切换次数，I N为负载电流；U s为有载分接开关级电压；R1和R2为过渡电阻。
四、图17提供了真空有载分接开关的按本申请的负载转换开关的变型的实施方式。在此，按本申请的辅助转换开关S2不构造为单臂触头，而是构造为双臂触头。这种实施方式实现所述切换开关动作臂受力的平衡，而在其功能和作用上没有改变。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种真空有载分接开关的过渡装置，包括：主转换开关S1、辅助转换开关S2、环流真空断路器RV1、环流真空断路器RV2、负载电流真空断路器MV、过渡电阻R1和过渡电阻R2；
    所述主转换开关S1包括静触头a，静触头b，静触头c和静触头d；所述静触头a和所述静触头c的电极分别连接真空有载分接开关的分接选择器的奇数档和偶数档，所述静触头b和所述静触头d分别连接所述环流真空断路器RV1和所述环流真空断路器RV2，所述环流真空断路器RV1和所述环流真空断路器RV2分别与所述过渡电阻R1和所述过渡电阻R2连接，所述过渡电阻R1和所述过渡电阻R2分别连接所述真空有载分接开关的分接选择器的奇数档和偶数档，所述主转换开关S1的动作臂的固定端连接变压器的中性点，所述主转换开关S1的动作臂的动触头可旋转地选择连接所述静触头a、所述静触头b、所述静触头c或所述静触头d；
    所述辅助转换开关S2包括静触头e和静触头f；所述静触头e和所述静触头f分别连接所述真空有载分接开关的分接选择器的奇数档和偶数档，所述辅助转换开关S2的动作臂的固定端通过所述负载电流真空断路器MV连接所述变压器的中性点，所述辅助转换开关S2的动作臂的动触头可旋转地选择连接所述静触头e或所述静触头f；
    所述环流真空断路器RV1，设置为在所述真空有载分接开关的过渡装置由所述奇数档切换至所述偶数档时切断所述奇数档和所述偶数档之间的环流；
    所述环流真空断路器RV2，设置为在所述真空有载分接开关的过渡装置由所述偶数档切换至所述奇数档时切断所述偶数档和所述奇数档之间的环流；
    所述负载电流真空断路器MV，设置为在所述真空有载分接开关的过渡装置在以下至少之一时切断负载电流：由所述奇数档切换至所述偶数档、或由所述偶数档切换至所述奇数档。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的过渡装置，其中，所述主转换开关S1的动作臂的固定端和所述负载电流真空断路器MV的一端均与所述变压器的中性点连接，以输出电流。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的过渡装置，还包括：
    在所述真空有载分接开关的档位处于所述奇数档的情况下，所述主转换开关S1的动作臂的动触头与所述静触头a导通，所述辅助转换开关S2的动作臂的动触头与所述静触头e导通；
    所述负载电流真空断路器MV导通，所述环流真空断路器RV1和所述环流真空断路器RV2导通，将负载电流I N经所述主转换开关S1的静触头a、与所述 辅助转换开关S2的静触头e和所述负载电流真空断路器MV的并联电路后连接至所述变压器的中性点输出。
  4. 一种真空有载分接开关的过渡装置的转换方法，包括：
    将主转换开关S1的动作臂的动触头由静触头a转到静触头b；
    断开负载电流真空断路器MV，切断负载电流，产生电弧；
    在所述负载电流真空断路器MV内电弧熄灭的情况下，辅助转换开关S2的动作臂由连接静触头e转换到连接静触头f；
    闭合所述负载电流真空断路器MV，将所述负载电流由真空有载分接开关的分接选择器的奇数档转移至所述真空有载分接开关的分接选择器的偶数档，所述真空有载分接开关的过渡装置同时连接所述奇数档和所述偶数档，形成桥接，产生循环电流；
    断开环流真空断路器RV1，切断所述循环电流，产生电弧；
    在所述环流真空断路器RV1内电弧熄灭的情况下，所述主转换开关S1的动作臂的动触头由所述静触头b转到静触头c，同时闭合所述环流真空断路器RV1以备用，完成所述真空有载分接开关的过渡装置由所述奇数档转换到所述偶数档。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中，在所述将主转换开关S1的动作臂的动触头由静触头a转到静触头b之后，还包括：
    将奇数档负载电流经所述辅助转换开关S2和所述负载电流真空断路器MV、与过渡电阻R1、所述环流真空断路器RV1和所述主转换开关S1的静触头b的并联电路后连接至所述变压器的中性点输出。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中，在所述负载电流真空断路器MV内电弧熄灭之后，还包括：
    将奇数档负载电流依次流经过渡电阻R1、所述环流真空断路器RV1和所述主转换开关S1的静触头b输出。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，还包括：
    在真空有载分接开关的档位处于所述偶数档的情况下，所述主转换开关S1的动作臂的动触头与所述静触头c导通、以及所述辅助转换开关S2的动作臂的动触头与所述静触头f导通；
    所述负载电流真空断路器MV导通，所述环流真空断路器RV1和环流真空断路器RV2导通，将负载电流I N经所述主转换开关S1的静触头c、与所述辅助转换开关S2的静触头f和所述负载电流真空断路器MV的并联电路后连接至所 述变压器的中性点输出。
  8. 一种真空有载分接开关的过渡装置的转换方法，包括：
    将主转换开关S1的动作臂的动触头由静触头c转到静触头d；
    断开负载电流真空断路器MV，产生电弧；
    在所述负载电流真空断路器MV内电弧熄灭的情况下，辅助转换开关S2的动作臂由连接静触头f转换到连接静触头e；
    闭合所述负载电流真空断路器MV，所述真空有载分接开关的过渡装置同时连接真空有载分接开关的分接选择器的偶数档和奇数档，形成桥接，产生循环电流，将负载电流由所述偶数档转移至所述奇数档；
    断开环流真空断路器RV2，产生电弧；
    在所述环流真空断路器RV2内电弧熄灭的情况下，所述主转换开关S1的动作臂的动触头由所述静触头d转到静触头a，同时闭合所述环流真空断路器RV2备用，完成所述真空有载分接开关的过渡装置由所述偶数档转换到所述奇数档。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中，在所述将主转换开关S1的动作臂的动触头由静触头c转到静触头d之后，还包括：
    将偶数档负载电流经所述辅助转换开关S2和所述负载电流真空断路器MV、与过渡电阻R2、所述环流真空断路器RV2和所述主转换开关S1的静触头d的并联电路后连接至所述变压器的中性点输出。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中，在所述负载电流真空断路器MV内电弧熄灭之后，还包括：
    将偶数档负载电流依次流经过渡电阻R2、环流真空断路器RV2和所述主转换开关S1的静触头d输出。
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