WO2022001059A1 - 一种天线安装组件和基站天线 - Google Patents

一种天线安装组件和基站天线 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022001059A1
WO2022001059A1 PCT/CN2020/140918 CN2020140918W WO2022001059A1 WO 2022001059 A1 WO2022001059 A1 WO 2022001059A1 CN 2020140918 W CN2020140918 W CN 2020140918W WO 2022001059 A1 WO2022001059 A1 WO 2022001059A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
mounting
mounting assembly
substrate
assembly according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/140918
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨仲凯
徐慧俊
王强
肖飞
段红彬
刘培涛
Original Assignee
京信通信技术(广州)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 filed Critical 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司
Publication of WO2022001059A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022001059A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/005—Damping of vibrations; Means for reducing wind-induced forces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/30—Combinations of separate antenna units operating in different wavebands and connected to a common feeder system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/02—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole
    • H01Q3/04—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole for varying one co-ordinate of the orientation
    • H01Q3/06—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole for varying one co-ordinate of the orientation over a restricted angle

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of mobile communication technologies, and in particular, to an antenna mounting assembly and a base station antenna.
  • the first is to share the tower, and set up multi-layer antennas on the tower. Different operators or different standards of equipment occupy different antennas. This method is simple and easy to operate. It is a common practice in the 3G and 4G era, but with the expansion of 4G With the advent of demand and the 5G era, this method of simply increasing the sky will greatly increase the wind load and bending moment of the iron tower, causing the tower to be overwhelmed and the risk factor to increase.
  • the second is to share antennas, using multi-frequency and multi-standard antennas, that is, one antenna can support the coverage requirements of different operators and different standards.
  • This is a common practice in the post-4G era and 5G era. For example, using "4+4+8+”
  • the 8" antenna meets the coverage requirements of all frequency bands and formats except 5G.
  • it is necessary to search for antenna resources again, or replace the entire antenna, resulting in waste.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present disclosure is to solve the problem that the addition of the sky surface in the existing shared tower solution causes the tower to be overwhelmed and the risk factor increases; in the shared antenna solution, when new spectrum needs to be added or the network planning is adjusted, it is necessary to search for sky resources again. , or replace the entire antenna, causing waste.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure provide an antenna mounting assembly and a base station antenna.
  • an antenna mounting assembly including:
  • the antenna substrate is provided with a plurality of antenna mounting parts, and the antenna mounting parts are used to detachably install the antenna module;
  • a common mounting kit for mounting the antenna substrate on the target for mounting the antenna substrate on the target.
  • each of the antenna mounting parts is provided on a first surface of the antenna substrate, and the common mounting kit is provided on a second surface of the antenna substrate opposite to the first surface.
  • the antenna installation part includes a mounting hole or a special installation kit, wherein the special installation kit includes an antenna downtilt angle adjustment mechanism.
  • the common installation kit includes an antenna downtilt angle adjustment mechanism.
  • U-shaped and/or L-shaped protrusions or depressions are provided on the antenna substrate.
  • the antenna mounting assembly further includes an antenna cover, the antenna cover is movably connected to the antenna substrate, and the plurality of antenna mounting portions are located inside the cavity formed by the antenna cover and the antenna substrate.
  • one side of the antenna cover is rotatably connected to the antenna substrate.
  • the antenna cover is streamlined.
  • the antenna cover is provided with a plurality of through holes.
  • the antenna cover is formed by an extrusion molding process or a blister molding process.
  • hollow glass beads are added to the antenna cover, or the antenna cover is a foamed structure.
  • the target includes a pole or a wall.
  • the present disclosure also provides a base station antenna, including a target, a plurality of antenna modules, and the antenna mounting assembly provided by the present disclosure, wherein the antenna modules are detachably mounted on an antenna mounting portion in the antenna mounting assembly, and the The antenna mounting assembly is mounted on the target by a common mounting kit.
  • the number of the antenna modules is less than or equal to the number of the antenna mounting parts.
  • each of the antenna modules has an independent packaging structure.
  • the frequency bands covered by the antenna modules are different.
  • each antenna module can be replaced individually, or an antenna module can be added, or an antenna module can be removed by using the plurality of antenna mounting parts on the antenna substrate to meet the coverage requirements of different networks.
  • the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can avoid setting up multi-layer sky surfaces, greatly save sky surface resources, and improve the wind load of the target (such as a pole); compared with the solution of sharing antennas,
  • the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure do not require replacing the entire antenna, but only need to replace or add some antenna modules, which can greatly reduce network costs.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station antenna formed by installing an antenna mounting assembly on a target according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of an antenna substrate provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic plan structure diagram of an antenna substrate provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional schematic diagram along AA' of Fig. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna substrate shown in FIG. 4 when an antenna module is installed;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station antenna formed by installing another antenna mounting assembly on a target according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a base station antenna when the downtilt angle is adjusted according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another base station antenna formed by installing an antenna mounting assembly on a target according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna cover covering a plurality of antenna modules according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna cover provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure when it is turned over;
  • FIG. 11 is a front view of an antenna cover provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Antenna substrate 2. Common installation kit; 3. Antenna cover; 10. Antenna module; 20. Target; 11. Antenna installation part; 111. Installation hole; 13. U-shaped depression; 14. L-shaped depression; 31. Through hole.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station antenna formed by installing an antenna mounting assembly on a target according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of an antenna substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is an embodiment of the present disclosure Schematic diagram of the plane structure of the provided antenna substrate
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view along AA' of FIG. 3
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna substrate shown in FIG. 4 when an antenna module is installed.
  • the antenna mounting assembly can be used to assemble base station antennas, and supports the design of antennas of different operators and different standards to meet the coverage requirements of different networks.
  • an antenna mounting assembly provided in this embodiment includes:
  • the antenna substrate 1 is provided with a plurality of antenna mounting portions 11, and the antenna mounting portions 11 are used for detachably mounting the antenna module 10;
  • the common mounting kit 2 is used to mount the antenna substrate 1 on the target 20 .
  • the antenna substrate 1 is provided with a signal transmission line, which is used to realize the connection between each antenna module 10 and the transmitter/receiver.
  • the antenna mounting portion 11 may be any fixing member that can fix the antenna module 10 , and the specific structure is not limited, as long as the antenna module 10 can be detachably installed.
  • the public installation kit 2 has the function of fixing the antenna substrate 1. By fixing the antenna substrate 1 on the target 20, the antenna modules 10 can be fixed at the same time. Connecting, plugging, welding or riveting, etc.
  • the target 20 may include a pole or a wall, for example, the target 20 shown in FIG. 1 is a pole.
  • mountable antenna modules 10 are independently set and have independent and complete antenna functions, which may include various types of antennas such as single-polarized antennas, dual-polarized antennas, omnidirectional antennas, and figure-eight antennas.
  • the specific distribution position and quantity of the antenna mounting portion 11 can be designed according to the actually designed arrangement and quantity of the antenna modules 10.
  • the number of antenna mounting parts 11 is larger than the number of antenna modules 10 that need to be installed initially, that is, at least one antenna mounting part 11 is reserved for when additional spectrum or network expansion and planning adjustment are required. , just add the antenna module 10 .
  • each antenna module can be replaced individually, or an antenna module can be added, or an antenna module can be removed by using the plurality of antenna mounting parts on the antenna substrate to meet the coverage requirements of different networks.
  • the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can avoid setting up multi-layer sky surfaces, greatly save sky surface resources, and improve the wind load of the target (such as a pole); compared with the solution of sharing antennas,
  • the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure do not require replacing the entire antenna, but only need to replace or add some antenna modules, which can greatly reduce network costs.
  • U-shaped and/or L-shaped protrusions or depressions are provided on the antenna substrate.
  • U-shaped and/or L-shaped protrusions or depressions may be formed on the surface of the antenna substrate on which the antenna mounting portion is disposed, so as to form a reinforcing structure to improve the strength and rigidity of the antenna substrate.
  • the same antenna substrate may include at least one of U-shaped protrusions, U-shaped depressions, L-shaped protrusions, and L-shaped depressions.
  • the antenna substrate 1 may include a U-shaped protrusion 12 , a U-shaped depression 13 and an L-shaped depression 14 .
  • each antenna mounting portion may be disposed on the first surface of the antenna substrate, and the common mounting kit may be disposed on the second surface of the antenna substrate opposite to the first surface.
  • the antenna installation part includes an installation hole or a special installation kit, wherein the special installation kit includes an antenna downtilt angle adjustment mechanism.
  • each antenna mounting portion may be configured as a mounting hole or a dedicated mounting kit, or some antenna mounting portions may be configured as mounting holes and another portion of the antenna mounting portion may be configured as a dedicated mounting kit.
  • the antenna mounting portions on the antenna substrate 1 are all mounting holes 111 , and the antenna module 10 can be directly mounted on the mounting holes 111 by fasteners.
  • the plurality of antenna mounting parts on the antenna substrate 1 simultaneously include mounting holes 111 and a dedicated mounting kit 112 .
  • the dedicated installation kit 112 can independently adjust the antenna downtilt angle of the fixed antenna module 10 , so as to realize the design of a mechanical downtilt antenna while installing the antenna module 10 .
  • the common installation kit includes an antenna down-tilt angle adjustment mechanism.
  • the common installation kit 2 can adjust the antenna downtilt angle of each antenna module 10 at the same angle at the same time, that is, realize the coarse adjustment of the antenna downtilt angle of each antenna module 10; , the dedicated installation kit 112 corresponding to the antenna module 10 can further adjust the antenna downtilt angle thereof, that is, realize fine adjustment of the antenna downtilt angle of the antenna module 10 . Therefore, the antenna downtilt angle of each antenna module 10 can be quickly adjusted to a desired angle through the coordinated adjustment of the antenna downtilt angle by the common installation kit 2 and the dedicated installation kit 112 .
  • the common installation kit 2 may have the same structure as the dedicated installation kit 112 .
  • the antenna mounting assembly further includes an antenna cover, the antenna cover is movably connected to the antenna substrate, and the plurality of antenna mounting parts are located inside the cavity formed by the antenna cover and the antenna substrate.
  • each antenna module is covered by an antenna cover, so as to beautify the base station antenna and protect the antenna module at the same time.
  • the antenna cover 3 is movably connected to the antenna substrate 1.
  • one side of the antenna cover is rotatably connected to the antenna substrate.
  • one side (including the upper side, the lower side, the left side or the right side, etc.) of the antenna cover 3 is rotationally connected (eg hinged) to the antenna substrate 1 , so that the antenna cover 3 can be turned up, down, left or right To open the antenna cover 3 , it is more convenient to replace the antenna module 10 , remove the antenna module 10 or add an antenna module 10 .
  • the antenna housing is streamlined (see Figure 9) to reduce wind loads.
  • the antenna cover 3 is provided with a plurality of through holes 31 , thereby reducing the wind resistance coefficient and further reducing the wind load.
  • the antenna cover is formed by an extrusion molding process or a blister process, that is, the main material of the antenna cover may be plastic, so as to reduce the influence on the performance of the antenna module.
  • hollow glass beads are added to the antenna cover, or the antenna cover has a foamed structure.
  • the dielectric loss of the material is reduced, and the influence of the antenna cover on the coverage performance of the antenna module is reduced.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a base station antenna, as shown in FIG. 1 , the base station antenna includes a target 20, a plurality of antenna modules 10, and the antenna mounting assembly provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, and the antenna module 10 is mounted in the antenna mounting assembly On the antenna mounting part of the antenna, the antenna mounting assembly is mounted on the target 20 through the common mounting kit 2 .
  • the base station antenna provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure includes the antenna mounting assembly provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, and has the same or corresponding functions and beneficial effects of the antenna mounting assembly. It is not repeated here.
  • the number of antenna modules is less than or equal to the number of antenna mounting parts.
  • the number of antenna modules is less than the number of antenna installation parts, it is convenient to add antenna modules to meet the needs of new spectrum or network expansion and planning adjustment.
  • each antenna module has an independent packaging structure to protect each antenna module from water, dust and sun protection.
  • each antenna module covers different frequency bands to meet coverage requirements of different networks.
  • the antenna mounting assembly provided by the present disclosure, by arranging multiple antenna mounting parts on the antenna substrate, multiple antenna modules can be mounted on the same antenna substrate, and then the antenna substrate can be mounted on the target through a set of common mounting kits, The base station antenna with multiple antenna frequency bands can be formed, which can save antenna resources, reduce network cost, and has strong industrial practicability.

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Abstract

本公开涉及一种天线安装组件和基站天线。其中，天线安装组件，包括：天线基板，设置有多个天线安装部，所述天线安装部用于可拆卸的安装天线模块；公用安装套件，用于将所述天线基板安装于目标物上。本公开实施例可节约天面资源，降低网络成本。

Description

一种天线安装组件和基站天线
本申请要求于2020年6月29日提交中国专利局、申请号为202010608424.1、发明名称为“一种天线安装组件和基站天线”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本公开涉及移动通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种天线安装组件和基站天线。
背景技术
随着移动通信技术的快速发展，移动通信系统多种制式共存、融合。由于不同运营商、不同制式对天线频段的要求不同，需要建设相应的基站，基站重复建设不可避免，占用大量土地资源的同时，也浪费了大量的建设资金。
为解决重复建设的问题，目前行业通用的做法是共建共享，主要通过两种方式：
一是共享铁塔，在铁塔上设置多层天面，不同运营商或不同制式的设备占用不同的天面，这种方法简单、易操作，是3G、4G时代的常规做法，但随着4G扩容需求及5G时代的到来，这种通过简单增加天面的做法会大幅增加铁搭的风载及弯矩，导致铁塔不堪重负，危险系数增加。
二是共享天线，采用多频多制式的天线，即一副天线可以支持不同运营商、不同制式的覆盖需求，这是后4G时代及5G时代的通用做法，例如采用“4+4+8+8”天线满足其除5G之外的全部频段及制式的覆盖需求。但当获得新增频谱或者网络规划有调整时，就要再次寻找天面资源，或者替换整副天线，造成浪费。
发明内容
(一)要解决的技术问题
本公开要解决的技术问题是解决现有的共享铁塔方案中增加天面导致铁塔不堪重负，危险系数增加；共享天线方案中当需要新增频谱或者网络规划有调整时，需要再次寻找天面资源，或者替换整副天线，造成浪费的问题。
(二)技术方案
为了解决上述技术问题，本公开实施例提供了一种天线安装组件和基站天线。
本公开提供了一种天线安装组件，包括：
天线基板，设置有多个天线安装部，所述天线安装部用于可拆卸的安装天线模块；
公用安装套件，用于将所述天线基板安装于目标物上。
可选的，各所述天线安装部设置于所述天线基板的第一表面，所述公用安装套件设置于所述天线基板的与所述第一表面相对的第二表面。
可选的，所述天线安装部包括安装孔或专用安装套件，其中，所述专用安装套件包括天线下倾角调节机构。
可选的，所述公用安装套件包括天线下倾角调节机构。
可选的，所述天线基板上设置有U型和/或L型的凸起或凹陷。
可选的，所述天线安装组件还包括天线外罩，所述天线外罩与所述天线基板活动连接，所述多个天线安装部位于所述天线外罩与所述天线基板形成的腔体内部。
可选的，所述天线外罩的一侧与所述天线基板转动连接。
可选的，所述天线外罩呈流线型。
可选的，所述天线外罩上开设有多个通孔。
可选的，所述天线外罩采用挤塑工艺或吸塑工艺成型。
可选的，所述天线外罩中添加有中空玻璃微珠，或者所述天线外罩为发泡结构。
可选的，所述目标物包括抱杆或墙面。
本公开还提供了一种基站天线，包括目标物、多个天线模块和本公开提供的天线安装组件，所述天线模块可拆卸的安装于所述天线安装组件中的天线安装部上，所述天线安装组件通过公用安装套件安装于所述目标物上。
可选的，所述天线模块的数量小于或等于所述天线安装部的数量。
可选的，各所述天线模块具有独立的封装结构。
可选的，各所述天线模块覆盖的频段不同。
(三)有益效果
本公开实施例提供的上述技术方案与现有技术相比具有如下优点：
本公开实施例通过在天线基板上设置多个天线安装部，可以将多个天线模块安装到同一个天线基板上，再通过一套公用安装套件将天线基板安装到目标物上，即可形成具有多个天线频段的基站天线。由此，利用天线基板上的多个天线安装部，可以单独替换每个天线模块，或者新增天线模块，或者拆除天线模块，以满足不同网络的覆盖需求。与共享铁塔的方案相比，本公开实施例提供的技术方案可避免设置多层天面，大大节约天面资源，提高目标物(如抱杆)的风载荷；与共享天线的方案相比，当需要新增频谱或网络扩容及规划调整时，本公开实施例提供的技术方案不需要替换整副天线，只需更换或新增部分天线模块即可，可大大降低网络成本。
附图说明
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分，示出了符合本公开的实施例，并与说明书一起用于解释本公开的原理。
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，对于本领域普通技术人员而言，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本公开实施例提供的一种天线安装组件安装于目标物上形成的基站天线的结构示意图；
图2为本公开实施例提供的天线基板的立体结构示意图；
图3为本公开实施例提供的天线基板的平面结构示意图；
图4为图3的沿AA’的截面示意图；
图5为图4所示的天线基板安装有天线模块时的结构示意图；
图6为本公开实施例提供的另一种天线安装组件安装于目标物上形成的基站天线的结构示意图；
图7为本公开实施例提供的基站天线调节下倾角时的示意图；
图8为本公开实施例提供的又一种天线安装组件安装于目标物上形成的基站天线的结构示意图；
图9为本公开实施例提供的天线外罩覆盖多个天线模块时的结构示意图；
图10为本公开实施例提供的天线外罩翻转时的结构示意图；
图11为本公开实施例提供的天线外罩的正视图。
其中，1、天线基板；2、公用安装套件；3、天线外罩；10、天线模块；20、目标物；11、天线安装部；111、安装孔；112、专用安装套件；12、U型凸起；13、U型凹陷；14、L型凹陷；31、通孔。
具体实施方式
为了能够更清楚地理解本公开的上述目的、特征和优点，下面将对本公开的方案进行进一步描述。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本公开的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本公开，但本公开还可以采用其他不同于在此描述的方式来实施；显然，说明书中的实施例只是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
图1为本公开实施例提供的一种天线安装组件安装于目标物上形成的基站天线的结构示意图；图2为本公开实施例提供的天线基板的立体结构示意图；图3为本公开实施例提供的天线基板的平面结构示意图；图4为图3的沿AA’的截面示意图；图5为图4所示的天线基板安装有天线模块时的结构示意图。该天线安装组件可用于组装基站天线，支持不同运营商、不同制式的天线的设计，以满足不同网络的覆盖需求。具体的，结合图1、图2、图3、图4和图5，本实施例提供的一种天线安装组件，包括：
天线基板1，设置有多个天线安装部11，天线安装部11用于可拆卸的安装天线模块10；
公用安装套件2，用于将天线基板1安装于目标物20上。
其中，天线基板1上设置有信号传输线，用于实现各天线模块10与发射/接收机的连接。天线安装部11可以是任意一种可固定天线模块10的固定件，具体结构不作限制，只要可以实现天线模块10可拆卸的安装即可。公用安装套件2具有固定天线基板1的功能，通过将天线基板1固定在目标物20上，实现各天线模块10的同时固定，其可采用任意一种机械连接固定的方式，如螺栓连接、卡接、插接、焊接或铆接等。目标物20可以包括抱杆或墙面等，例如图1所示目标物20为抱杆。
另外，可安装的天线模块10均独立设置，具有独立完整的天线功能，可以包括单极化天线、双极化天线、全向天线和8字形天线等各种类型的天线。
需要说明的是，天线安装部11的具体分布位置以及数量可根据实 际设计的天线模块10的排布及数量进行设计。此外，在起初设计天线基板1时，天线安装部11的数量大于最初需要安装的天线模块10的数量，即预留至少一个天线安装部11，以便在需要新增频谱或网络扩容及规划调整时，仅新增天线模块10即可。
本实施例提供的天线安装组件通过在天线基板上设置多个天线安装部，可以将多个天线模块安装到同一个天线基板上，再通过一套公用安装套件将天线基板安装到目标物上，即可形成具有多个天线频段的基站天线。由此，利用天线基板上的多个天线安装部，可以单独替换每个天线模块，或者新增天线模块，或者拆除天线模块，以满足不同网络的覆盖需求。与共享铁塔的方案相比，本公开实施例提供的技术方案可避免设置多层天面，大大节约天面资源，提高目标物(如抱杆)的风载荷；与共享天线的方案相比，当需要新增频谱或网络扩容及规划调整时，本公开实施例提供的技术方案不需要替换整副天线，只需更换或新增部分天线模块即可，可大大降低网络成本。
可选的，天线基板上设置有U型和/或L型的凸起或凹陷。
示例性的，天线基板上处设置有天线安装部的表面可形成U型和/或L型的凸起或凹陷，从而构成增强结构，以提高天线基板的强度及刚度。同一天线基板可包括U型凸起、U型凹陷、L型凸起和L型凹陷中的至少一种。例如，参考图2和图4，天线基板1可包括U型凸起12、U型凹陷13和L型凹陷14。
上述技术方案中，各天线安装部可设置于天线基板的第一表面，公用安装套件设置于天线基板的与第一表面相对的第二表面。
可选的，天线安装部包括安装孔或专用安装套件，其中，专用安装套件包括天线下倾角调节机构。
示例性的，在天线基板上，各天线安装部可均设置成安装孔，也可均设置成专用安装套件，或者一部分天线安装部设置成安装孔，另 一部分天线安装部设置成专用安装套件。例如，如图2至图5所示，天线基板1上的多个天线安装部均为安装孔111，天线模块10可以通过紧固件直接安装到安装孔111上。另外，结合图6，天线基板1上的多个天线安装部同时包括安装孔111和专用安装套件112。本实施例中，专用安装套件112可单独调节其固定的天线模块10的天线下倾角，在可安装天线模块10的同时，实现机械下倾天线的设计。
可选的，基于上述技术方案，公用安装套件包括天线下倾角调节机构。
示例性的，如图6和图7所示，公用安装套件2可同时对各天线模块10的天线下倾角进行相同角度的调节，即实现对各天线模块10的天线下倾角的粗调；同时，天线模块10对应的专用安装套件112可对其天线下倾角进行进一步调节，即实现对天线模块10的天线下倾角的细调。由此，通过公用安装套件2和专用安装套件112对天线下倾角的配合调节，可将各天线模块10的天线下倾角快速调节到所需角度。另外，公用安装套件2可与专用安装套件112的结构相同。
可选的，天线安装组件还包括天线外罩，天线外罩与天线基板活动连接，多个天线安装部位于天线外罩与天线基板形成的腔体内部。
考虑到各天线模块均暴露在外时，会显得基站天线整体结构比较杂乱，影响基站天线的外部形貌。因此，本公开实施例采用天线外罩将各天线模块罩住，实现对基站天线的美化作用，同时起到保护天线模块的作用。示例性的，如图8和图9所示，天线外罩3与天线基板1活动连接，当需要更换天线模块10、拆除天线模块10或新增天线模块10时，可拆下天线外罩3；在基站天线正常使用时，天线外罩3罩设于各天线模块10上。
可选的，天线外罩的一侧与天线基板转动连接。
参考图10，天线外罩3的一侧(包括上侧、下侧、左侧或右侧等) 与天线基板1转动连接(如铰接)，从而可通过上、下、左或右翻转天线外罩3来打开天线外罩3，更便于更换天线模块10、拆除天线模块10或新增天线模块10。
可选的，天线外罩呈流线型(可参考图9)，从而减少风载荷。
进一步的，参考图11，天线外罩3上开设有多个通孔31，从而可降低风阻系数，进一步减少风载荷。
可选的，天线外罩采用挤塑工艺或吸塑工艺成型，即天线外罩的主要材料可采用塑料，降低对天线模块性能的影响。
优选的，天线外罩中添加有中空玻璃微珠，或者天线外罩为发泡结构。由此降低材料的介电损耗，降低该天线外罩对天线模块覆盖性能的影响。
本公开实施例还提供了一种基站天线，可参见图1，该基站天线包括目标物20、多个天线模块10和本公开实施例提供的天线安装组件，天线模块10安装于天线安装组件中的天线安装部上，天线安装组件通过公用安装套件2安装于目标物20上。
本公开实施例提供的基站天线包括本公开实施例提供的天线安装组件，具有天线安装组件相同或相应的功能及有益效果，未在本实施例中详尽描述的内容可参考上述各实施例，此处不再赘述。
可选的，天线模块的数量小于或等于天线安装部的数量。当天线模块的数量小于天线安装部的数量时，便于新增天线模块，满足新增频谱或网络扩容及规划调整的需求。
可选的，各天线模块具有独立的封装结构，以防水、防尘和防晒，起到保护各天线模块的作用。
可选的，各天线模块覆盖的频段不同，以满足不同网络的覆盖需求。
需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如“第一”和“第二”等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
以上所述仅是本公开的具体实施方式，使本领域技术人员能够理解或实现本公开。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本公开的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本公开将不会被限制于本文所述的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。
工业实用性
本公开提供的天线安装组件，通过在天线基板上设置多个天线安装部，可以将多个天线模块安装到同一个天线基板上，再通过一套公用安装套件将天线基板安装到目标物上，即可形成具有多个天线频段的基站天线，能够节约天面资源，降低网络成本，具有很强的工业实用性。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种天线安装组件，其特征在于，包括：
    天线基板，设置有多个天线安装部，所述天线安装部用于可拆卸的安装天线模块；
    公用安装套件，用于将所述天线基板安装于目标物上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的天线安装组件，其特征在于，各所述天线安装部设置于所述天线基板的第一表面，所述公用安装套件设置于所述天线基板的与所述第一表面相对的第二表面。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的天线安装组件，其特征在于，所述天线安装部包括安装孔或专用安装套件，其中，所述专用安装套件包括天线下倾角调节机构。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的天线安装组件，其特征在于，所述公用安装套件包括天线下倾角调节机构。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的天线安装组件，其特征在于，所述天线基板上设置有U型和/或L型的凸起或凹陷。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的天线安装组件，其特征在于，所述天线安装组件还包括天线外罩，所述天线外罩与所述天线基板活动连接，所述多个天线安装部位于所述天线外罩与所述天线基板形成的腔体内部。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的天线安装组件，其特征在于，所述天线外罩的一侧与所述天线基板转动连接。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的天线安装组件，其特征在于，所述天线外罩呈流线型。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的天线安装组件，其特征在于，所述天线外罩上开设有多个通孔。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的天线安装组件，其特征在于，所述天线外罩采用挤塑工艺或吸塑工艺成型。
  11. 根据权利要求6所述的天线安装组件，其特征在于，所述天线外罩中添加有中空玻璃微珠，或者所述天线外罩为发泡结构。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的天线安装组件，其特征在于，所述目标物包括抱杆或墙面。
  13. 一种基站天线，其特征在于，包括目标物、多个天线模块和如权利要求1-12任一项所述的天线安装组件，所述天线模块可拆卸的安装于所述天线安装组件中的天线安装部上，所述天线安装组件通过公用安装套件安装于所述目标物上。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的基站天线，其特征在于，所述天线模块的数量小于或等于所述天线安装部的数量。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的基站天线，其特征在于，各所述天线模块具有独立的封装结构。
  16. 根据权利要求13所述的基站天线，其特征在于，各所述天线模块覆盖的频段不同。
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