WO2021259117A1 - Procédé, système et appareil de mesure de fibre optique - Google Patents

Procédé, système et appareil de mesure de fibre optique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021259117A1
WO2021259117A1 PCT/CN2021/100492 CN2021100492W WO2021259117A1 WO 2021259117 A1 WO2021259117 A1 WO 2021259117A1 CN 2021100492 W CN2021100492 W CN 2021100492W WO 2021259117 A1 WO2021259117 A1 WO 2021259117A1
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Prior art keywords
optical fiber
under test
signal
detection signal
backscatter
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PCT/CN2021/100492
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
潘超
李自亮
邓宁
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2021259117A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021259117A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
    • G01M11/30—Testing of optical devices, constituted by fibre optics or optical waveguides
    • G01M11/31—Testing of optical devices, constituted by fibre optics or optical waveguides with a light emitter and a light receiver being disposed at the same side of a fibre or waveguide end-face, e.g. reflectometers
    • G01M11/3109—Reflectometers detecting the back-scattered light in the time-domain, e.g. OTDR
    • G01M11/3118—Reflectometers detecting the back-scattered light in the time-domain, e.g. OTDR using coded light-pulse sequences
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/07—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems
    • H04B10/071—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using a reflected signal, e.g. using optical time domain reflectometers [OTDR]

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of optical fiber technology, and in particular to an optical fiber measurement method, system and device.
  • Optical fiber installation spans a long time. There are multiple types of optical fibers coexisting in the same section of optical fiber, but the data of the optical fiber type is lost, and the link performance cannot be accurately evaluated. This limits the speed of optical network and causes low operation and maintenance efficiency. Different types of fibers correspond to different fiber effective cross-sectional areas or mode field diameters, so the effective cross-sectional area or mode field diameter can be used for fiber type identification.
  • the backscatter characteristic of the optical fiber is mainly used, and the effective cross-sectional area or mode field diameter of the optical fiber is measured with an optical time-domain reflectometer (OTDR).
  • OTDR optical time-domain reflectometer
  • a reference fiber with a known effective cross-sectional area or mode field diameter. Then, connect the reference fiber through the OTDR, connect the reference fiber to one end of the fiber under test, and detect the backscattered signal in one direction of the fiber under test; then, connect another reference fiber through the OTDR, which connects to the other fiber under test. One end, so as to detect the backscattered signal in the other direction of the fiber under test. Finally, the effective cross-sectional area or mode field diameter of the tested fiber is calculated according to the detected backscattered signals in the two directions of the tested fiber and the effective cross-sectional area or mode field diameter of the two reference fibers.
  • the above solution requires the use of a long-distance reference optical fiber (1Km ⁇ 10Km), which results in a large measurement device and is limited by the integration requirements of the measurement device.
  • the above solution cannot be easily applied to existing network equipment.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide an optical fiber measurement method, system, and device, which are used to measure the effective cross-sectional area of an optical fiber.
  • this application proposes an optical fiber measurement method, including:
  • the first detection signal is transmitted from the first end of the fiber under test to the second end, and the backscatter signal of the first detection signal is detected at the first end of the fiber under test to obtain the first backscatter signal.
  • the second end detects the first detection signal to obtain the first pulse waveform. Transmit a second detection signal from the second end of the fiber under test to the first end.
  • the wavelength of the second detection signal is equal to the wavelength of the first detection signal.
  • the backscatter of the second detection signal is detected at the second end of the fiber under test.
  • the second backscatter signal obtain the second backscatter signal, detect the second detection signal at the first end of the fiber under test, and obtain the second pulse waveform, according to the first backscatter signal, the second backscatter signal, the first pulse waveform, The second pulse waveform, the effective refractive index of the fiber under test, and the first detection signal or the second detection signal calculate the effective cross-sectional area of the fiber under test.
  • the detection signals (the first detection signal and the second detection signal) are respectively transmitted through the two ends of the fiber under test
  • the backscatter signal reflected by the detection signal and the arrival at the opposite end are detected at the two ends of the fiber under test, namely
  • the first backscatter signal, the second backscatter signal, the first pulse waveform and the second pulse waveform can be obtained, and the first detection signal or the second detection signal and the effective refractive index of the fiber under test can be calculated based on this
  • the effective cross-sectional area of the optical fiber does not require a reference optical fiber, which greatly reduces the volume of the detection device, and is suitable for optical fiber measurement in the existing network.
  • the type of fiber under test can be identified based on the effective cross-sectional area, and then the link performance can be accurately evaluated, which is convenient for speeding up the optical network and improving the efficiency of operation and maintenance.
  • the backscatter signal of the first detection signal or the second detection signal in the optical fiber under test can be calculated based on the first backscatter signal, the second backscatter signal, the first pulse waveform, and the second pulse waveform.
  • the effective cross-sectional area of the fiber under test based on the effective refractive index and the backscatter capture coefficient, and the wavenumber of the first detection signal or the second detection signal, avoiding the use of a reference fiber.
  • P PB is the first pulse waveform
  • P in-A is the pulse signal of the first detection signal
  • L is the length of the tested fiber
  • a1(x1) is the loss factor of the tested fiber from the first end to the second end;
  • l1 is the independent variable representing the point on the fiber under test
  • P OTDR-A (l1) is the first backscatter signal
  • h1(l1) is the back direction of the fiber under test in the direction from the first end to the second end Scattered impulse response, Is the convolution operator
  • P PA is the second pulse waveform
  • P in-B is the pulse signal of the second detection signal
  • a2(x2) is the loss factor of the optical fiber under test from the second end to the first end
  • h2(l2) is the backscattered impulse response of the tested fiber in the direction from the second end to the first end;
  • S1(l1) is the backscatter capture coefficient of the first detection signal on the fiber under test
  • S2(l2) is the backscatter capture coefficient of the second detection signal on the fiber under test
  • a s is the backscatter capture coefficient of the fiber under test.
  • L is the length of the fiber under test
  • a1(x1) is the loss factor of the fiber under test from the first end to the second end
  • Get S1(l1) is the backscatter capture coefficient of the first detection signal on the fiber under test
  • S2(l2) is the backscatter capture coefficient of the second detection signal on the fiber under test
  • a s is the backscatter capture coefficient of the fiber under test.
  • the backscatter capture coefficient can be calculated.
  • the mode field diameter of the optical fiber under test can be calculated based on the effective cross-sectional area, that is, the effective cross-sectional area or mode field diameter of the optical fiber under test can be calculated.
  • this application proposes an optical fiber measurement system, including:
  • the second pulse waveform detection device is connected to the second end of the optical fiber under test, and is used to detect the first detection signal to obtain the first pulse waveform.
  • the second OTDR is connected to the second end of the optical fiber under test, and is used to transmit a second detection signal to the optical fiber under test and detect the backscatter signal of the second detection signal to obtain the second backscatter signal.
  • the first pulse waveform detection device Connect the first end of the optical fiber under test to detect the second detection signal to obtain the second pulse waveform.
  • the data processing device is connected to the first OTDR, the second OTDR, the first pulse waveform detection device, and the second pulse waveform detection device, and is used for detecting the first backscatter signal, the second backscatter signal, the first pulse waveform, and the second pulse waveform.
  • the pulse waveform and the effective refractive index of the fiber under test, and the first detection signal or the second detection signal are used to calculate the effective cross-sectional area of the fiber under test.
  • the detection signals (the first detection signal and the second detection signal) are respectively transmitted through the two ends of the fiber under test
  • the backscatter signal reflected by the detection signal and the arrival at the opposite end are detected at the two ends of the fiber under test, namely
  • the first backscatter signal, the second backscatter signal, the first pulse waveform and the second pulse waveform can be obtained, and the first detection signal or the second detection signal and the effective refractive index of the fiber under test can be calculated based on this
  • the effective cross-sectional area of the optical fiber does not require a reference optical fiber, which greatly reduces the volume of the detection device, and is suitable for optical fiber measurement in the existing network.
  • the data processing device is also used to identify the type of fiber under test based on the effective cross-sectional area, and then accurately evaluate the link performance, which is convenient for speeding up the optical network and improving the efficiency of operation and maintenance.
  • the data processing device is also used to perform the steps of the method described in the implementation manners in the first aspect above, that is, the backscatter capture coefficient can be calculated by mathematical methods based on the acquired data. .
  • this application proposes an optical fiber measurement method, including:
  • the first detection signal is transmitted from the first end of the fiber under test to the second end, and the backscatter signal of the first detection signal is detected at the first end of the fiber under test to obtain the first backscatter signal.
  • the first end detects the second detection signal to obtain a second pulse waveform.
  • the second detection signal is a detection signal emitted from the second end of the fiber under test to the first end to obtain the second backscatter signal and the second pulse waveform,
  • the second backscatter signal is the backscatter signal of the second detection signal detected from the second end of the fiber under test when the second detection signal is emitted from the second end of the fiber under test to the first end.
  • the second pulse waveform is the pulse waveform obtained by detecting the second detection signal at the first end of the fiber under test, according to the first backscatter signal, the second backscatter signal, the first pulse waveform, the second pulse waveform, and the fiber under test The effective refractive index, and the first detection signal or the second detection signal to calculate the effective cross-sectional area of the fiber under test.
  • the detection signals (the first detection signal and the second detection signal) are respectively transmitted through the two ends of the fiber under test
  • the backscatter signal reflected by the detection signal and the arrival at the opposite end are detected at the two ends of the fiber under test, namely
  • the first backscatter signal, the second backscatter signal, the first pulse waveform and the second pulse waveform can be obtained, and the first detection signal or the second detection signal and the effective refractive index of the fiber under test can be calculated based on this
  • the effective cross-sectional area of the optical fiber does not require a reference optical fiber, which greatly reduces the volume of the detection device, and is suitable for optical fiber measurement in the existing network.
  • the type of fiber under test can be identified based on the effective cross-sectional area, and then the link performance can be accurately evaluated, which is convenient for speeding up the optical network and improving the efficiency of operation and maintenance.
  • the backscatter of the first detection signal or the second detection signal in the optical fiber under test is calculated based on the first backscatter signal, the second backscatter signal, the first pulse waveform, and the second pulse waveform. Scattering capture coefficient;
  • the effective cross-sectional area of the fiber under test is calculated according to the effective refractive index and the backscatter capture coefficient, and the wavenumber of the first detection signal or the second detection signal, avoiding the use of a reference fiber.
  • the backscatter of the first detection signal or the second detection signal in the optical fiber under test is calculated based on the first backscatter signal, the second backscatter signal, the first pulse waveform, and the second pulse waveform.
  • Scattering capture coefficients including:
  • P PB is the first pulse waveform
  • P in-A is the pulse signal of the first detection signal
  • L is the length of the tested fiber
  • a1(x1) is the loss factor of the tested fiber from the first end to the second end;
  • P OTDR-A (l1) is the first backscatter signal
  • l1 is the independent variable representing the point on the tested fiber
  • h1(l1) is the back of the tested fiber in the direction from the first end to the second end Scattered impulse response, Is the convolution operator
  • P PA is the second pulse waveform
  • P in-B is the pulse signal of the second detection signal
  • a2(x2) is the loss factor of the optical fiber under test from the second end to the first end
  • h2(l2) is the backscattered impulse response of the tested fiber in the direction from the second end to the first end;
  • S1(l1) is the backscatter capture coefficient of the first detection signal on the fiber under test
  • S2(l2) is the backscatter capture coefficient of the second detection signal on the fiber under test
  • a s is the backscatter capture coefficient of the fiber under test.
  • the backscatter of the first detection signal or the second detection signal in the optical fiber under test is calculated based on the first backscatter signal, the second backscatter signal, the first pulse waveform, and the second pulse waveform.
  • Scattering capture coefficients including:
  • L is the length of the fiber under test
  • a1(x1) is the loss factor of the fiber under test from the first end to the second end
  • Get S1(l1) is the backscatter capture coefficient of the first detection signal on the fiber under test
  • S2(l2) is the backscatter capture coefficient of the second detection signal on the fiber under test
  • a s is the backscatter capture coefficient of the fiber under test.
  • the backscatter capture coefficient can be calculated.
  • the mode field diameter of the optical fiber under test can be calculated based on the effective cross-sectional area, that is, the effective cross-sectional area or mode field diameter of the optical fiber under test can be calculated.
  • this application proposes an optical fiber measurement device for connecting the first end of the optical fiber under test, including:
  • Laser module used to transmit the first detection signal to the fiber under test; OTDR module, used to detect the backscattered signal of the first detection signal to obtain the first backscatter Scatter signal; pulse waveform detection module, used to detect the second detection signal sent from the second end of the optical fiber under test, to obtain the second pulse waveform; processor, used to obtain the second backscatter signal and the second pulse waveform, wherein, the second backscatter signal is the backscatter signal of the second detection signal detected from the second end of the fiber under test when the second detection signal is emitted from the second end of the fiber under test to the first end.
  • the second pulse waveform is the pulse waveform obtained by detecting the second detection signal at the first end of the fiber under test; the processor is also used for the first backscatter signal, the second backscatter signal, the first pulse waveform, and the second Two pulse waveforms and the effective refractive index of the fiber under test, as well as the first detection signal or the second detection signal, calculate the effective cross-sectional area of the fiber under test.
  • the detection signals (the first detection signal and the second detection signal) are respectively transmitted through the two ends of the fiber under test
  • the backscatter signal reflected by the detection signal and the arrival at the opposite end are detected at the two ends of the fiber under test, namely
  • the first backscatter signal, the second backscatter signal, the first pulse waveform and the second pulse waveform can be obtained, and the first detection signal or the second detection signal and the effective refractive index of the fiber under test can be calculated based on this
  • the effective cross-sectional area of the optical fiber does not require a reference optical fiber, which greatly reduces the volume of the detection device, and is suitable for optical fiber measurement in the existing network.
  • the processor is also used to identify the type of fiber under test according to the effective cross-sectional area, and then accurately evaluate the link performance, which is convenient for speeding up the optical network and improving the efficiency of operation and maintenance.
  • the optical fiber measurement device may also include a connector, a circulator, and an analog switch; the connector is connected to the circulator and the first end of the fiber under test; the circulator is connected to the laser module and the analog switch, and the analog switch is connected to the OTDR module or Pulse waveform detection module, the processor is connected to the analog switch, laser module, OTDR module and pulse waveform detection module; the laser module is used to transmit the first detection signal to the circulator; the circulator is used to receive the first detection signal and send it to the circulator The measuring fiber forwards the first detection signal; the circulator is also used to receive and forward the second detection signal or the backscattered signal of the first detection signal to the analog switch; the processor is also used to instruct the analog switch to connect to the OTDR module or pulse waveform Detection module; analog switch, used to connect the OTDR module or pulse waveform detection module; OTDR module, when connected to the analog switch, detect the backscatter signal of the first detection signal to obtain the first backs
  • the optical fiber measurement device further includes:
  • the photodetector and the analog-to-digital converter are connected to the circulator and the analog-to-digital converter, and is used to convert the second detection signal or the backscatter signal of the first detection signal received by the circulator into an electrical signal, and The signal is forwarded to the analog-to-digital converter; the analog-to-digital converter is connected to the analog switch, and is used to convert the electrical signal into a digital signal and forward the digital signal to the analog switch.
  • the processor is also used to execute the optical fiber measurement method according to any one of claims 2-6.
  • this application proposes an optical fiber measurement device, including: a processor and a memory;
  • the memory and the processor are interconnected by wires, and instructions are stored in the memory, and the processor is used to execute the steps of the method described in the various implementation manners of the first aspect above.
  • this application proposes a computer-readable storage medium, including instructions, which when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the steps of the methods described in the various implementations of the first aspect above.
  • the detection signals (the first detection signal and the second detection signal) are respectively transmitted through the two ends of the fiber under test
  • the backscatter signal reflected by the detection signal and the arrival at the opposite end are detected at the two ends of the fiber under test, namely
  • the first backscatter signal, the second backscatter signal, the first pulse waveform and the second pulse waveform can be obtained, and the first detection signal or the second detection signal and the effective refractive index of the fiber under test can be calculated based on this
  • the effective cross-sectional area of the optical fiber does not require a reference optical fiber, which greatly reduces the volume of the detection device, and is suitable for optical fiber measurement in the existing network.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the current optical fiber measurement system
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the optical fiber measurement system proposed in this application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of an optical fiber measurement method proposed in this application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the first backscattered signal
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the first pulse waveform
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a second backscatter signal
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a second pulse waveform
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the effective cross-sectional area of each section of the tested optical fiber
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical fiber measurement device proposed by this application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic flowchart of an optical fiber measurement method proposed in this application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the optical fiber measurement device proposed by this application.
  • Fiber is a fiber made of glass or plastic, may be used as the light conducting means, the principle is the "total reflection of light.” If the geometrical size of the core of the optical fiber is much larger than the wavelength of the light wave, there will be multiple propagation modes during the propagation of the optical fiber. Such an optical fiber is called a multimode optical fiber. When the geometrical size of the fiber core is the same order of magnitude as the wavelength of the light wave (for example, within the range of 5-10 ⁇ m), the fiber only allows one mode (fundamental mode) to propagate in it, and all other high-order modes are cut off. Such a fiber is called Single-mode fiber.
  • Optical fiber installation spans a long time. There are multiple types of optical fibers coexisting in the same section of optical fiber, but the data of the optical fiber type is lost, and the link performance cannot be accurately evaluated. This limits the speed of optical network and causes low operation and maintenance efficiency.
  • the effective cross-sectional area or mode field diameter is an important parameter for the evaluation of nonlinear effects, and it can also be used for fiber type identification.
  • Table 1 it is the corresponding relationship between the effective cross-sectional area or the mode field diameter and the fiber type.
  • the optical fiber measurement system shown in FIG. 1 includes an OTDR, an optical switch, a reference fiber A, a reference fiber B, a connector A, a connector B, and the fiber under test.
  • the optical fiber under test is connected to the connector A and the connector B, the connector A is connected to the reference fiber A, and the connector B is connected to the reference fiber B.
  • reference fiber A and reference fiber B are measured in advance by other methods (for example, direct far-field scanning method, far-field variable aperture method and near-field scanning method). Reference fiber A and reference fiber B are effective The cross-sectional area or mode field diameter is equal.
  • the OTDR can be connected to the reference fiber A or the reference fiber B.
  • the fiber A OTDR to transmit sounding reference signal the reference signal is measured to detect backscatter signal fiber segment A is P A-RF, measured backscatter signal fiber segment is P A -FUT ;
  • the OTDR transmits a detection signal to the reference fiber B, and the backscatter signal of the detection signal in the reference fiber B section is measured as PB-RF , and the backscatter signal of the measured fiber section is P B-FUT .
  • the mode field diameter W FUT of the fiber under test can be calculated by the following formula:
  • W RF is the mode field diameter of reference fiber A or reference fiber B, and the relationship between the effective cross-sectional area (A_eff) and the mode field diameter can be:
  • 2w is the mode field diameter.
  • the detection signals are respectively transmitted from the two ends of the optical fiber under test, and the detection signals are reflected back at the two ends of the optical fiber under test.
  • the signal and the pulse waveform arriving at the opposite end are detected, and then the first backscatter signal, the second backscatter signal, the first pulse waveform and the second pulse waveform can be obtained, which are combined with the effective refractive index of the fiber under test, and
  • the first detection signal or the second detection signal calculates the effective cross-sectional area of the optical fiber under test, without reference to the optical fiber, which greatly reduces the volume of the detection device, and is suitable for optical fiber measurement in the existing network.
  • An optical fiber measurement system 200 includes a first OTDR 201, a first pulse waveform detection device 202, a second OTDR 203, a second pulse waveform detection device 204, and a data processing device 205.
  • the first OTDR 201 and the first pulse waveform detection device 202 are arranged at the first end of the optical fiber under test
  • the second OTDR 203 and the second pulse waveform detection device 204 are arranged at the second end of the optical fiber under test
  • the data processing device 205 is connected to the first end of the optical fiber under test.
  • An OTDR 201, a first pulse waveform detection device 202, a second OTDR 203, and a second pulse waveform detection device 204 are connected to the first end of the optical fiber under test.
  • An optical fiber measurement method proposed for this application includes:
  • the first OTDR is connected to the first end of the optical fiber under test, and transmits a first detection signal from the first end of the optical fiber under test to the second end.
  • the first detection signal may be an optical signal, and the worker can adjust the wavelength of the first detection signal in the first OTDR. For example, 1310 nanometers or 1550 nanometers, or other wavelengths, are not limited here.
  • the pulse signal of the first detection signal is denoted as Pin -A .
  • the first OTDR detects the backscatter signal of the first detection signal at the first end of the optical fiber under test to obtain the first backscatter signal.
  • a backscatter signal when the first detection signal enters the fiber under test, a backscatter signal will be generated in the fiber under test.
  • the first OTDR can detect the backscatter signal as the first backscatter signal.
  • P OTDR-A (l1).
  • l1 represents the independent variable from the first end to the second end of the fiber under test.
  • the following example illustrates the function image shown in Fig. 4 as an example of P OTDR-A (l1).
  • the first pulse waveform detection device is connected to the second end of the optical fiber under test, and the first detection signal is detected at the second end of the optical fiber under test to obtain the first pulse waveform.
  • the first pulse waveform detection device is connected to the second end of the optical fiber under test, and is used to detect the first detection signal sent from the first end of the optical fiber under test.
  • the first pulse waveform is obtained, which is denoted as P PB .
  • P PB Illustratively, as shown in FIG. 5, it is an image of P PB.
  • the second OTDR is connected to the second end of the optical fiber under test, and transmits a second detection signal from the second end of the optical fiber under test to the first end, and the wavelength of the second detection signal is equal to the wavelength of the first detection signal.
  • the second detection signal is also an optical signal, and the worker can adjust the wavelength of the second detection signal in the second OTDR, and adjust the second detection signal to the same wavelength as the first detection signal.
  • the pulse signal of the second detection signal is denoted as Pin -B .
  • the second OTDR detects the backscatter signal of the second detection signal at the second end of the optical fiber under test to obtain the second backscatter signal.
  • a backscatter signal when the second detection signal enters the fiber under test, a backscatter signal will be generated in the fiber under test.
  • the second OTDR can detect the backscatter signal as the second backscatter signal.
  • P OTDR-B (l2).
  • the following example illustrates the function image shown in Fig. 6 as an example of P OTDR-B (12).
  • the second pulse waveform detection device is connected to the first end of the optical fiber under test to detect the second detection signal at the first end of the optical fiber under test to obtain a second pulse waveform.
  • the second pulse waveform detection device is connected to the first end of the optical fiber under test, and is used to detect the second detection signal sent from the second end of the optical fiber under test.
  • the second pulse waveform is obtained, which is denoted as P PA .
  • P PA the second pulse waveform is obtained, which is denoted as P PA .
  • FIG. 7 it is an image of P PB.
  • the data processing device calculates the backscatter capture coefficient of the first detection signal or the second detection signal in the optical fiber under test according to the first backscatter signal, the second backscatter signal, the first pulse waveform and the second pulse waveform .
  • n eff is the effective refractive index of the fiber under test
  • k 0 is the wave number of the first detection signal or the second detection signal. (Since the wavelengths of the first detection signal and the second detection signal are equal, their wave numbers are also equal).
  • the data processing device may be an independent device, which is set at the first end or the second end of the optical fiber under test, or may be set at a position other than the first end or the second end of the optical fiber under test.
  • the data processing device may also be a function integrated in the first OTDR, the second OTDR, the first pulse waveform detection device, or the second pulse waveform detection device, which is not limited here.
  • the first calculation method is a calculation method that does not require the pulse waveform of the first detection signal or the second detection signal (the wave number of the first detection signal or the second detection signal is required, that is, the length of the fiber under test or the first detection signal or the second detection signal).
  • the wavelength of the detection signal is a calculation method using the pulse waveform of the first detection signal or the second detection signal.
  • a s represents the known backscatter factor of the tested fiber, which is a constant; a1(x1) is the loss factor of the tested fiber in the first direction (the first end to the second end of the tested fiber) , A2(x2) is expressed as the loss factor of the optical fiber under test in the second direction (the second end of the optical fiber under test to the first end).
  • h1(l1) is the backscattered impulse response of the optical fiber under test in the direction from the first end to the second end
  • h2(l2) is the optical fiber under test in the direction from the second end to the first end.
  • Backscatter impulse response Is the convolution operator.
  • S1(l1) is the backscatter capture coefficient of the first detection signal on the tested fiber
  • the data processing device calculates the effective cross-sectional area of the optical fiber under test according to the backscatter capture coefficient and the effective refractive index, and the wavenumber of the first detection signal or the second detection signal.
  • n eff is the effective refractive index of the fiber under test
  • k 0 is the wave number of the first detection signal or the second detection signal. (Since the wavelengths of the first detection signal and the second detection signal are equal, their wave numbers are also equal).
  • the data processing device calculates the mode field diameter of the optical fiber under test according to the effective cross-sectional area.
  • the mode field diameter of the fiber under test can be calculated.
  • the data processing device recognizes the type of fiber under test according to the effective cross-sectional area.
  • the effective cross-sectional area of each section of the tested fiber and the fiber type corresponding to different effective cross-sectional areas are shown.
  • the abscissa is the length of the tested fiber (the value range is 0-120km)
  • the ordinate is the effective cross-sectional area of the fiber under test (the value range is 0-100 ⁇ m 2 ).
  • the tested fiber has 4 different effective cross-sectional areas, 72, 77.6, 55.6, and 91 ( ⁇ m 2 ), corresponding to 4 different types of fibers, G.655 LEAF, G.655 OFS XL, G. 655 OFS SRS, G.652.
  • the detection signals are respectively emitted from both ends of the optical fiber under test, and the backscatter signal and the arrival signal reflected from the detection signal are respectively reflected at the two ends of the optical fiber under test.
  • the first backscatter signal, the second backscatter signal, the first pulse waveform and the second pulse waveform can be obtained, which are combined with the effective refractive index of the fiber under test, and the first detection
  • the signal or the second detection signal is used to calculate the effective cross-sectional area of the optical fiber under test, without reference to the optical fiber, which greatly reduces the volume of the detection device, and is suitable for optical fiber measurement in the existing network.
  • the functions of the first OTDR 201 and the first pulse waveform detection device 202 may be integrated into one device, and the functions of the second OTDR 203 and the second pulse waveform detection device 204 may be integrated into one device.
  • the present application proposes an optical fiber measurement device 900 for connecting the first end of the optical fiber to be tested, and includes a laser module 910, an OTDR module 920, a pulse waveform detection module 930 and a processor 990.
  • the laser module 910 can emit a first detection signal
  • the OTDR module 920 can detect the backscatter signal of the first detection signal to obtain the first backscatter signal
  • the pulse waveform detection module 930 can detect the second detection signal sent from the second end of the optical fiber under test to obtain the second pulse waveform. Then, if a fiber measuring device 900 is respectively installed at both ends of the fiber under test, the first backscatter signal, the second backscatter signal, the first pulse waveform, and the second pulse waveform of the fiber under test can be obtained. .
  • the processor 990 is used to obtain the second backscatter signal and the second pulse waveform.
  • the backscatter signal of the second detection signal detected at the second end, and the second pulse waveform is the pulse waveform of the second detection signal detected at the first end of the optical fiber under test.
  • the processor 990 is further configured to calculate the effective refractive index of the fiber under test according to the first backscatter signal, the second backscatter signal, the first pulse waveform, the second pulse waveform, and the first detection signal or the second detection signal. Calculate the effective cross-sectional area of the fiber under test.
  • the optical fiber measurement device 900 may also include a circulator 940, a photodetector 950, and a Converter 960, connector 970 and analog switch 980.
  • the connector 970 is connected to the circulator 940, the circulator 940 is connected to the laser module 912 and the photodetection module 950, the photodetection module 950 is connected to the analog-to-digital converter 950, and the analog-to-digital converter 960 is connected to the processor 990 and the analog switch 980, and the analog switch 980
  • the OTDR module 920 or the pulse waveform detection module 930 is connected, and the processor 990 is connected to the analog switch 980, the laser module 910, the OTDR module 920, and the pulse waveform detection module 930.
  • the processor 980 can instruct the laser module 910 to transmit a detection signal, and instruct the analog switch 970 to connect to the OTDR module 920, so that the OTDR module 920 detects the backscatter signal of the detection signal, and detects the backscatter signal from the OTDR module 920 , Get the backscatter signal.
  • the processor 980 can also instruct the analog switch 970 to connect to the pulse waveform detection module 930 so that the pulse waveform detection module 930 detects the detection signal sent by the opposite terminal and detects the pulse waveform from the pulse waveform detection module 930.
  • optical fiber measuring device connected to the first end of the optical fiber under test is referred to as the first optical fiber measuring device
  • the optical fiber measuring device connected to the second end of the optical fiber under test is referred to as the second optical fiber measuring device.
  • An optical fiber measurement method is proposed, including:
  • the first optical fiber measuring device transmits a first detection signal from the first end to the second end of the optical fiber under test.
  • the first optical fiber measuring device detects the backscattered signal of the first detection signal at the first end of the optical fiber under test to obtain the first backscattered signal.
  • the second optical fiber measuring device detects the first detection signal at the second end of the optical fiber under test to obtain a first pulse waveform.
  • the second optical fiber measuring device emits a second detection signal from the second end of the optical fiber under test to the first end, and the wavelength of the second detection signal is equal to the wavelength of the first detection signal.
  • the second optical fiber measurement device detects the backscatter signal of the second detection signal at the second end of the optical fiber under test to obtain a second backscatter signal.
  • the first optical fiber measuring device detects the second detection signal at the first end of the optical fiber under test to obtain a second pulse waveform.
  • the first optical fiber measurement device or the second optical fiber measurement device according to the first backscatter signal, the second backscatter signal, the first pulse waveform, the second pulse waveform, the first The detection signal or the second detection signal and the effective refractive index of the optical fiber under test are used to calculate the backscatter capture coefficient of the first detection signal or the second detection signal in the optical fiber under test.
  • the first optical fiber measurement device or the second optical fiber measurement device calculates the effective cross-sectional area of the optical fiber under test according to the backscatter capture coefficient, the effective refractive index of the optical fiber under test, and the wavenumber of the first detection signal.
  • the first optical fiber measuring device or the second optical fiber measuring device calculates the mode field diameter according to the effective cross-sectional area.
  • the calculation of the backscatter capture coefficient, effective cross-sectional area, or mode field diameter can be calculated by the processor of the first fiber measurement device or the second fiber measurement device, or The calculation is performed by a third-party data processing device, which is not limited here.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a product including a computer program, which when running on a computer, causes the computer to execute the steps of the optical fiber measurement method.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer-readable storage medium stores a program for signal processing. When it runs on a computer, the computer executes the method described in the foregoing embodiment. The steps of the optical fiber measurement method.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative, and the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physically separate.
  • the physical unit can be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
  • the connection relationship between the modules indicates that they have a communication connection between them, which can be specifically implemented as one or more communication buses or signal lines.
  • this application can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general hardware. Of course, it can also be implemented by dedicated hardware including dedicated integrated circuits, dedicated CPUs, dedicated memory, Dedicated components and so on to achieve. Under normal circumstances, all functions completed by computer programs can be easily implemented with corresponding hardware, and the specific hardware structure used to achieve the same function can also be diverse, such as analog circuits, digital circuits or special purpose circuits. Circuit etc. However, for this application, software program implementation is a better implementation in more cases. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product.
  • the computer software product is stored in a readable storage medium, such as a computer floppy disk. , U disk, mobile hard disk, ROM, RAM, magnetic disk or optical disk, etc., including several instructions to make a computer device (which can be a personal computer, training device, or network device, etc.) execute the various embodiments of this application method.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, training device, or data.
  • the center transmits to another website site, computer, training equipment, or data center through wired (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
  • wired such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)
  • wireless such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be stored by a computer or a data storage device such as a training device or a data center integrated with one or more available media.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, and a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (for example, a solid state disk (SSD)).

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Testing Of Optical Devices Or Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé, un système (200) et un appareil (900) de mesure de fibre optique (900), qui sont utilisés pour mesurer une aire de section transversale efficace d'une fibre optique. Des signaux de détection, qui sont respectivement un premier signal de détection et un second signal de détection, sont respectivement transmis à partir de deux extrémités d'une fibre optique mesurée ; des signaux de rétrodiffusion, qui sont réfléchis par les signaux de détection, et des formes d'onde d'impulsion, qui arrivent à une extrémité opposée, sont respectivement détectés sur les deux extrémités de la fibre optique mesurée, de telle sorte qu'un premier signal de rétrodiffusion, un second signal de rétrodiffusion, une première forme d'onde d'impulsion et une seconde forme d'onde d'impulsion peuvent être obtenus ; et une aire de section transversale efficace de la fibre optique mesurée peut être calculée selon le premier signal de rétrodiffusion, le second signal de rétrodiffusion, la première forme d'onde d'impulsion, la seconde forme d'onde d'impulsion, un indice de réfraction efficace de la fibre optique mesurée, et le premier signal de détection ou le second signal de détection, sans fibre optique de référence. Le volume d'un appareil de mesure est significativement réduit et la présente invention est appropriée pour mesurer une fibre optique dans le réseau actuel.
PCT/CN2021/100492 2020-06-23 2021-06-17 Procédé, système et appareil de mesure de fibre optique WO2021259117A1 (fr)

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