WO2021254539A2 - 一种交互平板及其触控反馈方法、制备方法 - Google Patents
一种交互平板及其触控反馈方法、制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021254539A2 WO2021254539A2 PCT/CN2021/121561 CN2021121561W WO2021254539A2 WO 2021254539 A2 WO2021254539 A2 WO 2021254539A2 CN 2021121561 W CN2021121561 W CN 2021121561W WO 2021254539 A2 WO2021254539 A2 WO 2021254539A2
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- touch
- piezoelectric element
- display screen
- polarization direction
- interactive tablet
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- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241001422033 Thestylus Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006335 epoxy glue Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/016—Input arrangements with force or tactile feedback as computer generated output to the user
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/043—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means using propagating acoustic waves
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/30—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices with mechanical input and electrical output, e.g. functioning as generators or sensors
- H10N30/302—Sensors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/80—Constructional details
- H10N30/802—Circuitry or processes for operating piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices not otherwise provided for, e.g. drive circuits
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
- G06F2203/01—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/01
- G06F2203/014—Force feedback applied to GUI
Definitions
- This application relates to the technical field of electronic components, in particular to an interactive tablet and a touch method thereof.
- the present application provides an interactive tablet and a touch feedback method and preparation method thereof, which can reduce the cost of the interactive tablet.
- this application provides an interactive tablet, including:
- Touch screen used to accept the touch operation of the touch object
- the piezoelectric component includes at least three piezoelectric elements, all of the piezoelectric elements are located at different positions of the touch display screen, and the piezoelectric elements are used to receive the touch operation on the touch display
- the vibration wave generated on the surface of the screen generates deformation along the polarization direction of the piezoelectric element when receiving the vibration wave and outputs an electrical signal;
- the control unit is configured to receive the electrical signal, determine the touch information of the touch operation according to the electrical signal, and form the touch position of the touch operation according to the coordinate data in the touch information Touch feedback;
- the polarization direction of the piezoelectric element is arranged parallel to the surface of the touch display screen.
- the touch information further includes material data of the touch object
- control unit is further configured to form a touch feedback corresponding to the material of the touch object at the touch position according to the coordinate data and the material data of the touch object.
- the piezoelectric element is disposed at an edge position of the touch display screen.
- all the piezoelectric elements are arranged at intervals along the peripheral side of the touch display screen.
- the piezoelectric element includes a main body, a first electrode, and a second electrode.
- the first electrode and the second electrode are respectively located on the main body along the polarization direction of the piezoelectric element.
- the first electrode includes a first side surface away from the main body, the first side surface faces the center area of the touch display screen, and the first side surface is connected to the surface of the touch display screen Vertical setting.
- the main body includes a first part and a second part arranged in sequence along the polarization direction of the piezoelectric element.
- the polarization directions of the piezoelectric elements are the same.
- the touch display screen includes a display screen and a packaging cover plate arranged on one side of the display screen, and the piezoelectric element is arranged on the packaging cover plate close to the display screen. One side.
- the present application also provides a touch feedback method for an interactive tablet, which is applied to an interactive tablet, and the touch feedback method includes:
- the piezoelectric element According to the vibration wave generated on the surface of the touch display screen according to the touch operation, the piezoelectric element generates a deformation along the polarization direction of the piezoelectric element and outputs an electrical signal;
- the electrical signal is received, the touch information of the touch operation is determined according to the electrical signal, and touch feedback is formed at the touch position of the touch operation according to the coordinate data in the touch information.
- the touch information of the touch operation is determined according to the electrical signal, and a touch is formed at the touch position of the touch operation according to the coordinate data in the touch information.
- the steps to control feedback include:
- a touch feedback corresponding to the material of the touch object is formed at the touch position.
- the step of determining touch information of the touch operation according to the electrical signal includes:
- the electrical signal determine the receiving time when each piezoelectric element receives the vibration wave
- the touch information of the touch operation is determined according to the receiving time when each piezoelectric element receives the vibration wave.
- this application also provides a method for preparing an interactive tablet, which includes the following steps:
- the main body includes a first part and a second part arranged in sequence along a preset polarization direction, and the step of performing polarization processing on the main body of the piezoelectric element along the preset polarization direction includes:
- At least three piezoelectric elements are required to realize the sensing and positioning of touch operation, thereby reducing the cost of interactive tablets, especially for large-size interactive tablets.
- the cost of the interactive tablet can be applied to the curved interactive tablet, and the piezoelectric element only works when the touch screen receives a touch operation, which can reduce the power consumption of the interactive tablet.
- the extremely The orientation of the touch screen is set parallel to the surface of the touch screen, which can greatly improve the sensitivity of the piezoelectric element, so that the interactive tablet has a high-precision touch function.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a planar structure of an interactive tablet in an embodiment of this application
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a broken line established with the frequency of the vibration wave as the abscissa and the sensitivity of the piezoelectric element as the ordinate in an embodiment of the application;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of an interactive tablet in an embodiment of this application.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the main body in an embodiment of the application.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of steps of a touch feedback method of an interactive tablet in an embodiment of this application.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the steps of a method for preparing an interactive tablet in an embodiment of this application.
- the present application provides an interactive tablet, a touch feedback method, and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problem that a large number of devices for sensing touch operations need to be provided in the existing interactive tablet, which causes the high cost of the interactive tablet.
- the present application provides an interactive tablet.
- the interactive tablet includes a touch screen 10, a piezoelectric component, and a control part (not shown in the figure).
- the piezoelectric component can be installed Fixed on the touch screen 10.
- the touch screen 10 is used to accept touch operations.
- the touch screen 10 can be an OLED touch screen or an LCD touch screen, which has both touch and display functions.
- the display screen 10 may also only have a touch function.
- a touch object 30 such as a finger or a stylus can be used to make a point touch on the touch display 10, so that the touch display 10 accepts the touch operation, and the touch operation is performed on the touch display 10.
- the surface of the touch screen 10 When touched, the surface of the touch screen 10 generates vibration waves due to the impact force, and the vibration waves propagate and diffuse from the touch position to the surroundings.
- the piezoelectric component includes at least three piezoelectric elements 20, all of the piezoelectric elements 20 are located at different positions of the touch screen 10, and the piezoelectric elements 20 are used to receive the touch operation at different positions.
- the vibration wave generated on the surface of the touch display screen 10 generates a deformation along the polarization direction of the piezoelectric element 20 and outputs an electrical signal when the vibration wave is received.
- the piezoelectric element 20 may be a piezoelectric crystal sensor, a piezoelectric ceramic sensor, a piezoelectric polymer or a piezoelectric electret, etc.
- the specific type of the piezoelectric element 20 is not limited in this application.
- the piezoelectric element 20 can receive the vibration wave and deform when receiving the vibration wave, thereby generating a corresponding electrical signal.
- the specific working principle of the piezoelectric element 20 has been disclosed in the art for a long time, and this application will not repeat it.
- the control unit is configured to receive the electrical signal, determine the touch information of the touch operation according to the electrical signal, and locate the touch position of the touch operation according to the coordinate data in the touch information Form touch feedback.
- the control unit can be a single-chip microcomputer or a main control chip.
- the vibration wave is generated at the touch position and spreads around. Because the positions of the piezoelectric elements 20 are different, and the positions of the piezoelectric elements 20 are relatively fixed, the vibration waves are displayed on the touch screen. The propagation speed on the screen 10 is determined. Therefore, the receiving time for the piezoelectric element 20 to receive the vibration wave is proportional to the distance between the piezoelectric element 20 and the touch position, so that the receiving time of each piezoelectric element 20 can be reversed.
- the coordinate data of the touch operation is derived from the direction, and the touch position is determined according to the coordinate data.
- the receiving time of one piezoelectric element 20 is t1
- the receiving time of the other piezoelectric element 20 is t2
- the propagation speed of the vibration wave on the touch screen 10 is v
- each position of the touch display 10 can be pre-stored in the touch display 10 as the preset receiving time when each piezoelectric element 20 receives the vibration wave when the touch position is 10
- the touch screen 10 accepts the touch operation again, you can The actual receiving time of the piezoelectric element 20 matches the preset receiving time, so that the touch position can be quickly determined.
- an optical signal needs to be applied in advance to an interactive tablet using an optical sensor.
- the touch is realized by detecting the change of the optical signal. Control function.
- the interactive flat panel using the optical sensor cannot be applied to the curved interactive flat panel, and the pre-applied light signal also increases the power consumption of the interactive flat panel.
- the piezoelectric element 20 is used as a device for sensing touch operation, without applying a light signal in advance, and can be applied to a curved interactive flat panel, and the piezoelectric element 20 only receives the touch on the touch screen 10. Working during operation can reduce the power consumption of the interactive tablet.
- the polarization direction of the piezoelectric element 20 is arranged parallel to the surface of the touch display screen 10.
- the deformable direction of the piezoelectric element 20 depends on the polarization direction of the piezoelectric element 20. Therefore, the piezoelectric element 20 generates a deformation along the polarization direction of the piezoelectric element 20 when receiving a vibration wave, for example In FIG. 1, the polarization direction of the piezoelectric element 20 is the width direction of the piezoelectric element 20.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a broken line established with the frequency of the vibration wave as the abscissa and the sensitivity of the piezoelectric element 20 as the ordinate in an embodiment of the application, to represent the piezoelectric
- the piezoelectric The polarization direction of the element 20 is set to be parallel to the surface of the touch screen 10, which can greatly increase the sensitivity of the piezoelectric element 20, so that the interactive tablet has a higher-precision touch function. This is because the touch screen 10 When receiving a touch operation, the surface of the touch screen 10 is a vibration wave generated by bending vibration. The piezoelectric element 20 can convert the shear stress of the vibration wave into an electrical signal, thereby improving the piezoelectric element 20 Sensitivity.
- the touch information further includes material data of the touch object 30.
- control unit is further configured to form a touch feedback corresponding to the material of the touch object 30 at the touch position according to the coordinate data and the material data of the touch object 30.
- the touch object 30 may be a finger or a stylus, etc.
- the vibration frequency of the vibration wave generated is different, so that the piezoelectric element 20 Different frequencies of deformation occur and different electrical signals are generated, so that the control unit can determine that the touch object 30 is a finger or a stylus based on the touch information, and determine the material of the stylus when the touch object 30 is a stylus ,
- the stylus is a plastic stylus, a metal stylus or a wooden stylus, etc.
- the control unit can also make corresponding touch feedback according to the material of the touch object 30.
- the material of the touch object 30 can be one-to-one corresponding to the color of the line.
- the touch object 30 is a finger.
- the touch screen 10 displays red lines
- the touch object 30 is a plastic stylus
- the touch screen 10 displays green lines.
- the material of the touch object 30 can also be one-to-one corresponding to the line width of the line, such as
- the touch object 30 is a finger
- the touch screen 10 displays a line with a line width of 0.5 mm.
- the touch screen 10 displays a line with a line width of 0.2 mm.
- the material corresponds to other functions, so that the touch screen 10 forms a touch feedback corresponding to the material of the touch object 30 at the touch position.
- the piezoelectric element 20 may be arranged at the edge position of the touch display screen 10 to prevent the touch position from being the setting position of the piezoelectric element 20 and the touch cannot be recognized. Location.
- all the piezoelectric elements 20 are arranged at intervals along the peripheral side of the touch display screen 10 to enlarge the spacing between the piezoelectric elements 20, and at the same time, they are arranged along the periphery of the touch display screen 10.
- a plurality of piezoelectric elements 20 arranged side by side can receive vibration waves spreading around and provide detection data in multiple directions to improve the detection accuracy, thereby improving the touch accuracy of the interactive tablet.
- FIG. 1 only illustrates the case where one piezoelectric element 20 is provided on all four sides of the touch display screen 10. It can be understood that, according to actual needs, it can also be used only on both sides of the touch display screen 10. Piezoelectric elements 20 are provided on one or three sides, and the number of piezoelectric elements 20 provided on each side of the touch screen 10 can also be 2, 3 or more, which is not specifically limited in this application.
- FIG. 1 only illustrates the case where the shapes of the touch screen 10 and the piezoelectric element 20 are both elongated. It is understandable that the shape of the touch screen 10 can also be used according to actual needs.
- the shape of the piezoelectric element 20 matches the shape of the touch screen 10. Generally speaking, when the shape of the touch screen 10 is a strip or a square, the shape of the piezoelectric element 20 The shape is a strip or a square; when the shape of the touch screen 10 is a circle or an ellipse, the shape of the piezoelectric element 20 is an arc.
- the piezoelectric element 20 includes a main body 21, a first electrode 22 and a second electrode 23, the first electrode 22 and the second electrode 23 Located on both sides of the main body 21 along the polarization direction of the piezoelectric element 20, the first electrode 22 includes a first side surface 221 on a side away from the main body 21, and the first side surface 221 faces the The center area of the touch display screen 10, and the first side surface 221 is perpendicular to the surface of the touch display screen 10.
- the main body 21 is the main part of the piezoelectric element 20 for deformation.
- the main body 21 contacts the touch screen 10
- the main body 21 contacts the touch screen 10
- the side surface on one side is the vibration-receiving surface 24, and the vibration-receiving surface 24 refers to the side surface of the piezoelectric element 20 for receiving vibration waves.
- the vibration surface 24 can receive the vibration wave and change the vibration wave Transmitted to the main body 21, the main body 21 deforms along the polarization direction, the first electrode 22 and the second electrode 23 respectively generate charges with opposite polarities, and transmit the corresponding electrical signals to the control unit.
- the touch operation occurs in the area enclosed by the four piezoelectric elements 20, and the first side surface 221 of the first electrode 22 faces the center of the touch screen 10. Area.
- the width direction of the piezoelectric element 20 in FIG. 1 is the polarization direction of the piezoelectric element 20
- the indicated direction AA in FIG. 3 is the polarization direction of the piezoelectric element 20, so that the piezoelectric element 20 can be more
- the shear stress of the vibration wave is well received, so that the sensitivity of the piezoelectric element 20 can be improved.
- the touch display screen 10 includes a display screen 11 and a packaging cover 12 arranged on one side of the display screen 11, and the piezoelectric element 20 is arranged on
- the packaging cover 12 is close to the side of the display screen 11, that is, the piezoelectric element 20 is used to receive vibrations generated on the surface of the packaging cover 12, which can facilitate the packaging cover 12 to perform the display screen 11 and the piezoelectric element 20.
- the piezoelectric element 20 is directly arranged on the package cover 12, and the vibration wave is directly transmitted to the piezoelectric element 20 through the package cover 12, which can prevent the vibration wave from being received by the piezoelectric element 20 due to energy loss during the transmission process Vibration wave.
- the piezoelectric element 20 can be installed and fixed on the package cover 12 by two-component epoxy glue (AB glue) bonding or screw fixing, so that the piezoelectric element 20 is connected to the package cover 12 It is more compact, and at the same time, the piezoelectric element 20 is easier to receive the vibration wave generated by the touch operation on the surface of the package cover 12.
- AB glue epoxy glue
- the main body 21 includes a first part 25 and a second part 26 arranged in sequence along the polarization direction of the piezoelectric element 20.
- the polarization direction of the first part 25 and the second part 26 is the same as the polarization direction of the piezoelectric element 20.
- the first part 25 and the second part 26 may be integrally formed, or the first part 25 and the second part 26 may be formed separately and then stacked together.
- the piezoelectric element 20 may also include more parts arranged in sequence along the preset polarization direction.
- the piezoelectric element 20 may also include the third part 27, the fourth part 28 or more arranged in sequence along the preset polarization direction.
- the present application also provides a touch feedback method for the interactive tablet, which is applied to the above interactive tablet.
- the touch feedback method includes:
- the piezoelectric element 20 According to the vibration wave generated on the surface of the touch display screen 10 according to the touch operation, the piezoelectric element 20 generates a deformation along the polarization direction of the piezoelectric element 20 and outputs an electrical signal;
- the step S30 includes:
- S32 Determine the touch position of the touch operation according to the coordinate data in the touch information, and determine the material of the touch object 30 according to the material data of the touch object 30 in the touch information;
- the step S31 includes:
- S311 Determine, according to the electrical signal, a receiving time for each piezoelectric element 20 to receive the vibration wave.
- S312 Determine the touch information of the touch operation according to the receiving time when each piezoelectric element 20 receives the vibration wave.
- the present application also provides a method for preparing an interactive tablet, which is applied to the above interactive tablet.
- the polarization direction of the piezoelectric element 20 is the deformable direction of the piezoelectric element 20.
- the polarization direction of the piezoelectric element 20 is set parallel to the surface of the touch display screen 20, that is, the deformable direction of the piezoelectric element 20 is set parallel to the surface of the touch display screen 20.
- the main body 21 includes a first part 25 and a second part 26 arranged in sequence along a preset polarization direction.
- the first part 25 and the second part 26 may be integrally formed, or the first part 25 and the second part 26 may be separately formed. Stacked together after formation.
- the step K10 includes:
- the main body 21 may also include more parts arranged in sequence along the preset polarization direction.
- the main body 21 may also include the third part 27, the fourth part 28 or more arranged in sequence along the preset polarization direction.
- the thickness of each part along the preset polarization direction may be the same or different.
- the main body 21 further includes more parts, the parts are sequentially polarized along the preset polarization direction.
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Abstract
本申请公开了一种交互平板及其触控反馈方法、制备方法，交互平板包括：触控显示屏，用于接受触控操作；至少三个压电元件，所有压电元件均位于触控显示屏的不同位置处，压电元件用于接收触控操作在触控显示屏的表面产生的振动波，在接收到振动波时产生沿压电元件的极化方向的形变并输出电信号，压电元件的极化方向与触控显示屏的表面平行设置；控制部，用于接收电信号，根据电信号确定触控操作的触控信息，并根据触控信息中的坐标数据在触控位置处形成触控反馈。最少仅需三个压电元件即可实现对触控操作的感应和定位，从而可以降低交互平板的成本，并且将压电元件的极化方向设置为与触控显示屏的表面平行，可以大幅度提升压电元件的灵敏度。
Description
本申请涉及电子元器件的技术领域，尤其涉及一种交互平板及其触控方法。
随着移动电子设备的发展，具有触控功能的交互平板在人机界面中的应用越来越广泛。然而，为了使交互平板具有较高精度的触控功能，通常会在交互平板中设置大量的用于感应触控操作的器件，如触控电极或光学传感器等，增加了交互平板的成本。
发明内容
本申请提供一种交互平板及其触控反馈方法、制备方法，能够降低交互平板的成本。
第一方面，本申请提供一种交互平板，包括：
触控显示屏，用于接受触摸物的触控操作；
压电组件，包括至少三个压电元件，所有所述压电元件均位于所述触控显示屏的不同位置处，所述压电元件用于接收所述触控操作在所述触控显示屏的表面产生的振动波，在接收到所述振动波时产生沿压电元件的极化方向的形变并输出电信号；
控制部，用于接收所述电信号，根据所述电信号确定所述触控操作的触控信息，并根据所述触控信息中的坐标数据在所述触控操作的触控位置处形成触控反馈；
其中，所述压电元件的极化方向与所述触控显示屏的表面平行设置。
在本申请一些实施例中，所述触控信息还包括所述触摸物的材质数据；
其中，所述控制部还用于根据所述坐标数据和所述触摸物的材质数据，在所述触控位置处形成与所述触摸物的材质对应的触控反馈。
在本申请一些实施例中，所述压电元件设置于所述触控显示屏的边缘位置处。
在本申请一些实施例中，所有所述压电元件沿所述触控显示屏的周侧间隔排布。
在本申请一些实施例中，所述压电元件包括主体、第一电极以及第二电极，所述第一电极以及所述第二电极分别位于所述主体沿所述压电元件的极化方向的两侧，所述第一电极包括远离所述主体的第一侧面，所述第一侧面朝向所述触控显示屏的中心区域，且所述第一侧面与所述触控显示屏的表面垂直设置。
在本申请一些实施例中，所述主体包括沿所述压电元件的极化方向依次排布的第一部分和第二部分，所述第一部分以及所述第二部分的极化方向与所述压电元件的极化方向相同。
在本申请一些实施例中，所述触控显示屏包括显示屏以及设置于所述显示屏的一侧的封装盖板，所述压电元件设置于所述封装盖板靠近所述显示屏的一侧。
第二方面，本申请还提供一种交互平板的触控反馈方法，应用于交互平板，所述触控反馈方法包括：
接受触摸物的触控操作；
根据所述触控操作在触控显示屏的表面产生的振动波，使得压电元件产生沿所述压电元件的极化方向的形变并输出电信号；
接收所述电信号，根据所述电信号确定所述触控操作的触控信息，并根据所述触控信息中的坐标数据在所述触控操作的触控位置处形成触控反馈。
在本申请一些实施例中，所述根据所述电信号确定所述触控操作的触控信息，并根据所述触控信息中的坐标数据在所述触控操作的触控位置处形成触控反馈的步骤包括：
根据所述电信号确定所述触控操作的触控信息；
根据所述触控信息中的坐标数据确定所述触控操作的触控位置，并根据所述触控信息中的所述触摸物的材质数据确定所述触摸物的材质；
根据所述触控位置和所述触摸物的材质，在所述触控位置处形成与所述触摸物的材质对应的触控反馈。
在本申请一些实施例中，所述根据所述电信号确定所述触控操作的触控信息的步骤包括：
根据所述电信号，确定各压电元件接收到所述振动波的接收时间；
根据各压电元件接收到所述振动波的接收时间，确定所述触控操作的触控信息。
第三方面，本申请还提供一种交互平板的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
沿预设极化方向对压电元件的主体进行极化处理，使得所述压电元件具有沿预设极化方向的极化方向；
将所述压电元件安装于所述触控显示屏上，并使得所述压电元件的极化方向与所述触控显示屏的表面平行设置；
其中，所述主体包括沿预设极化方向依次排布的第一部分和第二部分，所述沿预设极化方向对压电元件的主体进行极化处理的步骤包括：
沿所述预设极化方向对所述第一部分对进行极化处理；
沿所述预设极化方向对所述第二部分对进行极化处理。
本申请一些实施例提供的技术方案带来的有益效果至少包括：
在本申请实施例中，最少仅需三个压电元件即可实现对触控操作的感应和定位，从而可以降低交互平板的成本，特别是对于大尺寸的交互平板而言，可以大幅度降低交互平板的成本，并且可以应用于曲面交互平板中，而且压电元件仅在触控显示屏接受到触控操作时工作，可以减小交互平板的耗电量，同时，将压电元件的极化方向设置为与触控显示屏的表面平行，可以大幅度提升压电元件的灵敏度，从而使得交互平板具有较高精度的触控功能。
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请一实施方式中交互平板的平面结构示意图；
图2为本申请一实施方式中以振动波的频率为横坐标、以压电元件的灵敏度为纵坐标建立的折线示意图；
图3为本申请一实施方式中交互平板的剖面结构示意图；
图4为本申请一实施方式中主体的结构示意图；
图5为本申请一实施方式中交互平板的触控反馈方法的步骤示意图；
图6为本申请一实施方式中交互平板的制备方法的步骤示意图。
附图标记：
10、触控显示屏；11、显示屏；12、封装盖板；20、压电元件；21、主体；22、第一电极；221、第一侧面；23、第二电极；24、受振面；25、第一部分；26、第二部分；27、第三部分；28、第四部分；30、触摸物。
下面的描述涉及附图时，除非另有表示，不同附图中的相同数字表示相同或相似的要素。以下示例性实施例中所描述的实施方式并不代表与本申请相一致的所有实施方式。相 反，它们仅是如所附权利要求书中所详述的、本申请的一些方面相一致的装置和方法的例子。
本申请提供一种交互平板及其触控反馈方法、制备方法，以解决现有的交互平板中需要设置大量用于感应触控操作的器件，导致交互平板的成本较高的问题。
第一方面，本申请提供一种交互平板，如图1所示，所述交互平板包括触控显示屏10、压电组件以及控制部(图中未示出)，所述压电组件可以安装固定于触控显示屏10上。
所述触控显示屏10用于接受触控操作，触控显示屏10可以为OLED触控显示屏或LCD触控显示屏等同时具有触控功能和显示功能的触控显示屏10，触控显示屏10也可以仅具有触控功能。在进行触控操作时，可以通过手指或触控笔等触摸物30在触控显示屏10上进行点触，从而使得触控显示屏10接受触控操作，而在触控显示屏10上进行点触时，触控显示屏10的表面由于冲击力产生振动波，并且振动波会由触控位置处向四周传播扩散。
所述压电组件包括至少三个压电元件20，所有所述压电元件20均位于所述触控显示屏10的不同位置处，所述压电元件20用于接收所述触控操作在所述触控显示屏10的表面产生的振动波，在接收到所述振动波时产生沿压电元件20的极化方向的形变并输出电信号。
需要说明的是，压电元件20可以为压电晶体传感器、压电陶瓷传感器、压电聚合物或压电驻极体等，本申请对压电元件20的具体类型不做限制。压电元件20可以接收振动波，并在接收到振动波时发生形变，从而可以产生相应的电信号，压电元件20的具体工作原理在本领域中早有公示，本申请不做赘叙。
所述控制部用于接收所述电信号，根据所述电信号确定所述触控操作的触控信息，并根据所述触控信息中的坐标数据在所述触控操作的触控位置处形成触控反馈。所述控制部可以为单片机或主控芯片等器件。
可以理解的是，振动波由触控位置处产生并向四周传播扩散，由于各压电元件20设置的位置不同，并且各压电元件20的位置是相对固定的，同时振动波在触控显示屏10上的传播速度是确定的，因此压电元件20接收到振动波的接收时间，与，压电元件20和触控位置的距离成正比例，从而可以根据各压电元件20的接收时间反向推导出触控操作的坐标数据，并根据坐标数据确定触控位置。例如触控显示屏10接受触控操作时，一个压电元件20的接收时间为t1，另一个压电元件20的接收时间为t2，振动波在触控显示屏10上的传播速度为v，此时即可确定一个压电元件20与触控位置的距离为t1*v，而另一个压电元件20与触控位置的距离为t2*v，由于各压电元件20的位置是相对固定的，从而可以反向推导出触控操作的坐标数据，三个压电元件20即可形成三角定位，因此，最少仅需三个压电元件20即可实现对触控操作的感应和定位，从而可以降低交互平板的成本，特别是对于大尺寸的交互平板而言，可以大幅度降低交互平板的成本。
需要说明的是，可以在触控显示屏10中预先存储触控显示屏10的各位置作为触控位置时各压电元件20接收到振动波的预设接收时间，也可以在触控显示屏10接受触控操作时，记录各压电元件20的接收时间，并将各压电元件20的接收时间存储为预设接收时间，在触控显示屏10再次接受触控操作时，可以将各压电元件20的实际接收时间与预设接收时间匹配，从而可以快速确定触控位置。
还需要说明的是，如本领域技术人员所熟知的，采用光学传感器的交互平板中需要预先施加一个光信号，在手指或触控笔接触交互平板的过程中，通过检测光信号的变化实现触控的功能。然而，由于要预先施加光信号，导致采用光学传感器的交互平板无法应用到曲面交互平板中，并且预先施加的光信号也增大了交互平板的耗电量。
而在本申请中，使用压电元件20作为感应触控操作的器件，无需预先施加一个光信 号，可以应用于曲面交互平板中，并且压电元件20仅在触控显示屏10接受到触控操作时工作，可以减小交互平板的耗电量。
具体的，所述压电元件20的极化方向与所述触控显示屏10的表面平行设置。
需要说明的是，压电元件20的可形变方向取决于压电元件20的极化方向，因此，压电元件20在接收到振动波时产生沿压电元件20的极化方向的形变，例如图1中，压电元件20的极化方向为压电元件20的宽度方向。
还需要说明的是，如图2所示，图2为本申请一实施方式中以振动波的频率为横坐标、以压电元件20的灵敏度为纵坐标建立的折线示意图，用以表示压电元件20的灵敏度的变化趋势，其中，位于上方的折线表示压电元件20的极化方向与触控显示屏10的表面平行时，位于下方的折线表示将压电元件20的极化方向设置为与触控显示屏10的厚度方向平行时，由图2可看出，相比于将压电元件20的极化方向设置为与触控显示屏10的厚度方向平行，本申请中将压电元件20的极化方向设置为与触控显示屏10的表面平行，可以大幅度提升压电元件20的灵敏度，从而使得交互平板具有较高精度的触控功能，这是因为在触控显示屏10接受触控操作时，触控显示屏10的表面是以弯曲振动的方式产生的振动波，压电元件20可以将振动波的剪切应力转换为电信号，从而可以提升压电元件20的灵敏度。
具体的，所述触控信息还包括所述触摸物30的材质数据。
其中，所述控制部还用于根据所述坐标数据和所述触摸物30的材质数据，在所述触控位置处形成与所述触摸物30的材质对应的触控反馈。
需要说明的是，所述触摸物30可以为手指或触控笔等，使用不同材质的触摸物30点触触控显示屏10时，产生的振动波的振动频率不一样，使得压电元件20发生不同频率的形变并产生不一样的电信号，从而使得控制部可以根据触控信息确定触摸物30为手指或触控笔等，并且在触摸物30为触控笔时确定触控笔的材质，如触控笔为塑胶触控笔、金属触控笔或木质触控笔等。
控制部还可以根据触摸物30的材质做出对应的触控反馈，如在触控显示屏10上进行绘画，可以将触摸物30的材质与线条的颜色一一对应，如触摸物30为手指时，触控显示屏10显示红色线条，触摸物30为塑胶触控笔时，触控显示屏10显示绿色线条，当然，也可以将触摸物30的材质与线条的线宽一一对应，如触摸物30为手指时，触控显示屏10显示0.5毫米线宽的线条，触摸物30为塑胶触控笔时，触控显示屏10显示0.2毫米线宽的线条，还可以将触摸物30的材质与其他功能相对应，使得触控显示屏10在触控位置处形成与触摸物30的材质对应的触控反馈。
还需要说明的是，还可以将触摸物30的材质与APP一一对应，如触摸物30为手指时，启动美团外卖，触摸物30为塑胶触控笔时，启动微信，当然，也可以为其他对应关系，本申请不做具体限制。
可以理解的是，使用不同力度点触触控显示屏10时，产生的振动波的振动幅度和振动频率也不一样，使得压电元件20发生不同程度和不同频率的形变并产生不一样的电信号，因此可以通过压电元件20识别出点触力度的大小，从而可以对重敲和轻敲进行识别，以实现类似于3D Touch的功能。
继续参见图1所示，具体的，所述压电元件20可以设置于所述触控显示屏10的边缘位置处，以避免触控位置为压电元件20的设置位置时导致不能识别触控位置。
在本申请一实施例中，所有所述压电元件20沿所述触控显示屏10的周侧间隔排布，以扩大压电元件20之间的间距，同时沿触控显示屏10的周侧间隔排布的多个压电元件20可以对向四周扩散的振动波进行接收，并提供多个方位的检测数据，以提升检测准确度，从而提升交互平板的触控精度。
需要说明的是，图1中仅示意了触控显示屏10的四侧均设置有一个压电元件20的情 况，可以理解的是，根据实际需要，还可以仅在触控显示屏10的两侧或三侧设置压电元件20，并且触控显示屏10的每侧上设置的压电元件20的数量也可以为2个、3个或更多个，本申请不做具体限制。
还需要说明的是，图1中仅示意了触控显示屏10以及压电元件20的形状均为长条状的情况，可以理解的是，根据实际需要，触控显示屏10的形状还可以为圆形、椭圆形或方形等，压电元件20的形状与触控显示屏10的形状匹配，一般而言，触控显示屏10的形状为长条状或方形时，压电元件20的形状为长条状或方形；触控显示屏10的形状为圆形或椭圆形时，压电元件20的形状为弧形。
参见图1和图3所示，在本申请一实施例中，所述压电元件20包括主体21、第一电极22以及第二电极23，所述第一电极22以及所述第二电极23分别位于所述主体21沿所述压电元件20的极化方向的两侧，所述第一电极22包括远离所述主体21的一侧的第一侧面221，所述第一侧面221朝向所述触控显示屏10的中心区域，且所述第一侧面221与所述触控显示屏10的表面垂直设置。
需要说明的是，主体21是压电元件20进行形变的主要部分，压电元件20安装于触控显示屏10时，主体21与触控显示屏10接触，主体21与触控显示屏10接触的一侧的侧面为受振面24，而受振面24是指压电元件20用于接收振动波的侧面，当压电元件20接收到振动波时，受振面24可以接收振动波并将振动波传输给主体21，主体21产生沿极化方向的形变，第一电极22和第二电极23分别产生极性相反的电荷，并将对应的电信号传输给控制部。
参见图1和图3，对于本领域技术人员可知，触控操作发生在四个压电元件20围合形成的区域内，将第一电极22的第一侧面221朝向触控显示屏10的中心区域，此时图1中压电元件20的宽度方向即为压电元件20的极化方向，图3中指示方向AA即为压电元件20的极化方向，以使得压电元件20可以更好的接收振动波的剪切应力，从而可以提升压电元件20的灵敏性。
如图3所示，在本申请一实施例中，所述触控显示屏10包括显示屏11以及设置于所述显示屏11的一侧的封装盖板12，所述压电元件20设置于所述封装盖板12靠近所述显示屏11的一侧，即压电元件20用于接收封装盖板12的表面产生的振动，可以利于封装盖板12对显示屏11以及压电元件20进行保护，同时压电元件20直接设置于封装盖板12上，振动波通过封装盖板12直接传输至压电元件20，可以防止振动波在传输过程中因能量损耗导致压电元件20无法接收到振动波。
在本申请中，压电元件20可以通过双组份环氧树脂胶水(AB胶水)粘接或螺丝固定的方式安装固定于封装盖板12上，使得压电元件20与封装盖板12连接的更加紧密，同时压电元件20更易接收触控操作在封装盖板12的表面产生的振动波。
如图4所示，在本申请一实施方式中，所述主体21包括沿所述压电元件20的极化方向依次排布的第一部分25和第二部分26。第一部分25以及第二部分26的极化方向与压电元件20的极化方向相同。第一部分25可以与第二部分26一体成型，也可以将第一部分25与第二部分26分别形成后叠加在一起。
当然，压电元件20还可以包括更多沿预设极化方向依次设置的部分，如压电元件20还可以包括沿预设极化方向依次排布第三部分27、第四部分28或更多部分，各部分沿压电元件20的极化方向的厚度可以相同或不同。
第二方面，基于上述交互平板，本申请还提供一种交互平板的触控反馈方法，应用于上述的交互平板。
如图5所示，所述触控反馈方法包括：
S10、接受触摸物30的触控操作；
S20、根据所述触控操作在触控显示屏10的表面产生的振动波，使得压电元件20产生沿所述压电元件20的极化方向的形变并输出电信号；
S30、接收所述电信号，根据所述电信号确定所述触控操作的触控信息，并根据所述触控信息中的坐标数据在所述触控操作的触控位置处形成触控反馈。
具体的，所述步骤S30包括：
S31、根据所述电信号确定所述触控操作的触控信息；
S32、根据所述触控信息中的坐标数据确定所述触控操作的触控位置，并根据所述触控信息中的所述触摸物30的材质数据确定所述触摸物30的材质；
S33、根据所述触控位置和所述触摸物30的材质，在所述触控位置处形成与所述触摸物30的材质对应的触控反馈。
具体的，所述步骤S31包括：
S311、根据所述电信号，确定各压电元件20接收到所述振动波的接收时间；
S312、根据各压电元件20接收到所述振动波的接收时间，确定所述触控操作的触控信息。
第三方面，基于上述交互平板，本申请还提供一种交互平板的制备方法，应用于上述的交互平板。
具体的，如图6所示，包括以下步骤：
K10、沿预设极化方向对压电元件20的主体21进行极化处理，使得所述压电元件20具有沿预设极化方向的极化方向；
K20、将所述压电元件20安装于所述触控显示屏10上，并使得所述压电元件20的极化方向与所述触控显示屏10的表面平行设置。
需要说明的是，压电元件20的极化方向即为压电元件20的可变形方向，将压电元件20安装于所述触控显示屏10上使触控显示屏10具有触控功能时，压电元件20的极化方向与触控显示屏20的表面平行设置，即压电元件20的可变形方向与触控显示屏20的表面平行设置。
其中，所述主体21包括沿预设极化方向依次排布的第一部分25和第二部分26，第一部分25可以与第二部分26一体成型，也可以将第一部分25与第二部分26分别形成后叠加在一起。
具体的，所述步骤K10包括：
K11、沿所述预设极化方向对所述第一部分25对进行极化处理；
K12、沿所述预设极化方向对所述第二部分26对进行极化处理。
需要说明的是，对主体21进行极化时，极化所需要的电场强度＝极化电压/厚度，在主体21沿预设极化方向的厚度较大时，需要极高的极化电压，而在本申请中，对主体21采用分层极化的方式进行极化，从而可以降低主体21的极化电压，降低主体21的极化难度。
还需要说明的是，主体21还可以包括更多沿预设极化方向依次设置的部分，如主体21还可以包括沿预设极化方向依次排布第三部分27、第四部分28或更多部分，各部分沿预设极化方向的厚度可以相同或不同，在主体21还包括更多部分时，对各部分沿预设极化方向依次进行极化。
以上所述的实施例仅仅是本申请的优选实施例方式进行描述，并非对本申请的范围进行限定，在不脱离本申请的设计精神的前提下，本领域普通技术人员对本申请的技术方案作出的各种变形及改进，均应落入本申请的权利要求书确定的保护范围内。
Claims (11)
- 一种交互平板，其特征在于，包括：触控显示屏，用于接受触摸物的触控操作；压电组件，包括至少三个压电元件，所有所述压电元件均位于所述触控显示屏的不同位置处，所述压电元件用于接收所述触控操作在所述触控显示屏的表面产生的振动波，在接收到所述振动波时产生沿压电元件的极化方向的形变并输出电信号；控制部，用于接收所述电信号，根据所述电信号确定所述触控操作的触控信息，并根据所述触控信息中的坐标数据在所述触控操作的触控位置处形成触控反馈；其中，所述压电元件的极化方向与所述触控显示屏的表面平行设置。
- 根据权利要求1所述的交互平板，其特征在于，所述触控信息还包括所述触摸物的材质数据；其中，所述控制部还用于根据所述坐标数据和所述触摸物的材质数据，在所述触控位置处形成与所述触摸物的材质对应的触控反馈。
- 根据权利要求1所述的交互平板，其特征在于，所述压电元件设置于所述触控显示屏的边缘位置处。
- 根据权利要求3所述的交互平板，其特征在于，所有所述压电元件沿所述触控显示屏的周侧间隔排布。
- 根据权利要求4所述的交互平板，其特征在于，所述压电元件包括主体、第一电极以及第二电极，所述第一电极以及所述第二电极分别位于所述主体沿所述压电元件的极化方向的两侧，所述第一电极包括远离所述主体的第一侧面，所述第一侧面朝向所述触控显示屏的中心区域，且所述第一侧面与所述触控显示屏的表面垂直设置。
- 根据权利要求5所述的交互平板，其特征在于，所述主体包括沿所述压电元件的极化方向依次排布的第一部分和第二部分，所述第一部分以及所述第二部分的极化方向与所述压电元件的极化方向相同。
- 根据权利要求1所述的交互平板，其特征在于，所述触控显示屏包括显示屏以及设置于所述显示屏的一侧的封装盖板，所述压电元件设置于所述封装盖板靠近所述显示屏的一侧。
- 一种交互平板的触控反馈方法，其特征在于，所述触控反馈方法包括：接受触摸物的触控操作；根据所述触控操作在触控显示屏的表面产生的振动波，使得压电元件产生沿所述压电元件的极化方向的形变并输出电信号；接收所述电信号，根据所述电信号确定所述触控操作的触控信息，并根据所述触控信息中的坐标数据在所述触控操作的触控位置处形成触控反馈。
- 根据权利要求8所述的交互平板的触控反馈方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述电信号确定所述触控操作的触控信息，并根据所述触控信息中的坐标数据在所述触控操作的触控位置处形成触控反馈的步骤包括：根据所述电信号确定所述触控操作的触控信息；根据所述触控信息中的坐标数据确定所述触控操作的触控位置，并根据所述触控信息中的所述触摸物的材质数据确定所述触摸物的材质；根据所述触控位置和所述触摸物的材质，在所述触控位置处形成与所述触摸物的材质对应的触控反馈。
- 根据权利要求9所述的交互平板的触控反馈方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述电信号确定所述触控操作的触控信息的步骤包括：根据所述电信号，确定各压电元件接收到所述振动波的接收时间；根据各压电元件接收到所述振动波的接收时间，确定所述触控操作的触控信息。
- 一种交互平板的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：沿预设极化方向对压电元件的主体进行极化处理，使得所述压电元件具有沿预设极化方向的极化方向；将所述压电元件安装于所述触控显示屏上，并使得所述压电元件的极化方向与所述触控显示屏的表面平行设置；其中，所述主体包括沿预设极化方向依次排布的第一部分和第二部分，所述沿预设极化方向对压电元件的主体进行极化处理的步骤包括：沿所述预设极化方向对所述第一部分对进行极化处理；沿所述预设极化方向对所述第二部分对进行极化处理。
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