WO2021253502A1 - 一种头足类角质颚多视角快速拍摄装置 - Google Patents

一种头足类角质颚多视角快速拍摄装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021253502A1
WO2021253502A1 PCT/CN2020/099605 CN2020099605W WO2021253502A1 WO 2021253502 A1 WO2021253502 A1 WO 2021253502A1 CN 2020099605 W CN2020099605 W CN 2020099605W WO 2021253502 A1 WO2021253502 A1 WO 2021253502A1
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Prior art keywords
cephalopod
horny
fixed
type
center
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PCT/CN2020/099605
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘必林
孔祥洪
陈新军
韦记朋
张忠
李莹春
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上海海洋大学
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Application filed by 上海海洋大学 filed Critical 上海海洋大学
Publication of WO2021253502A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021253502A1/zh
Priority to US17/941,342 priority Critical patent/US20230004240A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
    • G01B11/245—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures using a plurality of fixed, simultaneously operating transducers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/033—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor
    • G06F3/0354—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor with detection of 2D relative movements between the device, or an operating part thereof, and a plane or surface, e.g. 2D mice, trackballs, pens or pucks
    • G06F3/03545—Pens or stylus
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T11/00—2D [Two Dimensional] image generation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T11/00—2D [Two Dimensional] image generation
    • G06T11/001—Texturing; Colouring; Generation of texture or colour

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of image acquisition and biological information, in particular to a photographing device that rapidly photographs cephalopod horny jaw multi-view images and obtains morphological parameters by using computer image acquisition technology.
  • the horny jaw is the chitinous hard tissue in the cephalopod ball, which is mainly used to chop up food. It has the characteristics of stable morphology and structure, corrosion resistance, and can well store the biological information of cephalopods. Analyzing the biological information stored in the horny jaw is a focus of the biological research of marine fishery resources.
  • the use of horny jaws can carry out research on statistical morphological parameters, analysis of stable isotope, interpretation of ring patterns, etc., and provide a theoretical basis for the study of marine biological population classification and identification, fishery resource assessment and prediction, global climate change and fishery production. Among them, the determination of the morphological parameters of the horny jaw is the basis for various related researches on cephalopods.
  • Cephalopod fishery is an important part of modern agriculture in my country. my country advocates "Internet +" modern agriculture, and the realization of "Internet +” fishery is an important part of the strategy of advancing maritime power.
  • emerging technologies such as 5G, Internet of Things, and artificial intelligence will be applied to fisheries, which is of great significance to the realization of ecological fishing and the sustainable development and effective use of fishery resources. Therefore, the use of pattern recognition and other emerging technologies to determine the morphological parameters of the horny jaw has important scientific, ecological and economic value.
  • the common method for determining the morphological parameters of the horny jaw is to use measuring tools such as vernier calipers.
  • the horny jaw has the characteristics of irregular shape, small volume, and smooth surface.
  • Traditional methods are low cost and simple, but researchers are prone to accidental errors due to difficult measurement, operational errors, reading errors and other factors, and because of the large number of samples and heavy workload, the data collection speed is slow. Therefore, the device of the present invention develops an efficient measurement device that uses computer image recognition technology to replace traditional manual measurement, and can improve measurement accuracy and speed up measurement.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an efficient measuring device for cephalopod keratinous jaws, using computer image recognition technology to efficiently extract the morphological parameters of cephalopod keratinous jaws, and solve the large errors of traditional manual measurement. , The measurement speed is slow and other issues.
  • a cephalopod horny jaw multi-view rapid photographing device comprising a cover, a cover pin, a stylus, an image generating device, a data display device, an image acquisition and processing device; the top of the image generating device is open and is provided with a mounting hole, The cover body is connected with the mounting hole through the cover body pin, and is movably covered on the top of the image generating device.
  • the image acquisition and processing device is fixed at the bottom of the image generation device.
  • the data display device is fastened to the front side wall of the image generating device.
  • a magnetic patch is fixed on the front surface of the baffle of the data display device.
  • the stylus can be magnetically attached to the magnetic patch.
  • the image generating device includes a box, two A-type diffused lights, two B-type diffused lights, a stage, a glass slide and two total reflection right-angle prisms, a level, a first adjusting nut; two of the box
  • Two sets of threaded holes are respectively left at the same positions on the vertical center lines of adjacent inner walls.
  • Mounting holes are provided on the side wall of the box body. Adjacent inner walls of the box body are all installed with an A-type diffuse light and a B-type diffuse light through a threaded connection.
  • the center position of the stage and the two sides of the center position are left with concave card slots, which can install the glass slide and two total reflection right-angle prisms horizontally.
  • the installation position of the two total reflection right-angle prisms is opposite to the box body.
  • the corners are mirror-symmetrical.
  • the spirit level is fixed on the stage.
  • the carrier is connected with the mounting hole of the box body through the first adjusting nut.
  • the A-type diffuse light and the B-type diffuse light provide stable non-direct diffuse lighting for shooting the three views of the horny jaw sample, avoiding strong backlight photography by the camera, and making the pictures have better light and color consistency.
  • the data display device includes a baffle and a display screen.
  • a mounting groove is reserved on the front side wall of the box.
  • the display screen is fixed in the installation groove of the box body.
  • the baffle is left with a rectangular slot, which is assembled with the box body through threaded connection and fixed on the outside of the display screen to ensure that the display of the display screen fits in the rectangular slot of the baffle and is completely exposed from the side of the box body.
  • the image acquisition and processing device includes a base, a top board, a main control board, an interface extender, three cameras, and three camera protective shells.
  • a mounting hole and a mounting slot are reserved at the bottom of the base, and the top is open. Mounting grooves are left in the center position of the top plate and the areas on both sides of the center position, and the mounting grooves on both sides are mirror-symmetrical with respect to the diagonal surface of the top plate.
  • the top plate is connected with the base and fastened to the top of the base.
  • the main control board is connected with the mounting hole and fastened to the bottom of the base.
  • the interface extender is fixed in the installation slot.
  • a circular notch is left at the top of the camera protective shell.
  • the three cameras are respectively fastened above the three mounting grooves.
  • the three camera protection shells are respectively fastened above the three cameras, and it is ensured that the lens of the camera is fitted in the circular notch and is completely exposed upward.
  • the A-type diffuser lamp is located above the B-type diffuser lamp.
  • the two A-type diffuser lights and the horizontal plane of the stage need to be at a certain angle. The included angle needs to meet the following requirements: the spot generated by the A-type diffuse light will not directly hit the square side of the total reflection right-angle prism; the center point of the A-type diffuse light is aligned with the center point of the glass slide; the camera can get clear picture.
  • the two B-type diffuse lights are respectively facing the square sides of the two prisms.
  • the lower surface of the B-type diffuser is coincident with the upper surface of the stage, and the horizontal center lines of the two B-type diffusers are aligned with the load.
  • the vertical centerline of the platform is orthogonal.
  • the inner walls of the box body and the cover are both covered with black material, which can absorb light well and does not reflect light significantly.
  • the rectangular side surface of the total reflection right-angle prism is coated with an optical film, the square side surface and the square bottom surface are polished, and the two triangular side surfaces are frosted to ensure compliance with the principle of internal reflection of the prism.
  • a power interface connected to a power supply or a computer and a button for controlling the switch of the device are fixed on the side wall of the base of the image acquisition and processing device.
  • the device further includes a level assembly, which is composed of a level fixed on the stage, a first adjusting nut connecting the stage and the box, and a second adjusting nut fixed to the bottom of the base.
  • the present invention includes a level assembly, the level assembly is composed of a level fixed on the stage, a first adjusting nut connecting the stage and the box, and a second adjusting nut fixed to the bottom of the base to achieve an adjustment device Level of requirements.
  • the top of the present invention adopts a flip structure, and the experimenter can easily replace the horny jaw samples.
  • the stage uses the internal reflection principle of the total reflection right-angle prism and the light transmittance of the glass slide to ensure that the three cameras of the image acquisition and processing device can take pictures on the three faces of the horny jaw on a reference surface, which improves the picture Obtain efficiency and optimize the structural layout of the device.
  • the inner walls of the box and cover of the present invention are covered with black material, which absorbs and does not significantly reflect light; the interior uses A-type and B-type diffuse lamps for indirect and stable diffuse lighting, which has better
  • the light and color consistency prevents the camera from taking pictures with backlighting, and also avoids the influence of external light changes on the pictures, improves the light environment of the pictures, and thereby improves the measurement accuracy of the device.
  • the main control board of the present invention can run custom software to realize the functions of controlling the A-type and B-type diffuse light switch, controlling the camera to take pictures, image transmission and processing, data transmission and processing.
  • the experimenter can use the stylus to operate the software interface on the display, and after the main control board, the morphological parameters of the horny jaw are finally displayed on the display.
  • the measurement accuracy of this custom software can better meet the needs of scientific research.
  • the present invention is an integrated device that integrates functions such as autonomous photographing, image transmission and processing, data transmission and processing. It has the characteristics of simple operation and convenient carrying.
  • the invention can quickly take multi-view images of the horny jaw and measure it. Morphological parameters of the horny jaw.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the image generating device in the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an A-type diffuse light in the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the data display device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the image acquisition and processing device of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the cover in the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the cover pin in the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a stylus in the prior art
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a total reflection right-angle prism in the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a display in the prior art
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a camera protective shell in the prior art
  • Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of a camera in the prior art
  • Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of an interface extender in the prior art
  • cover 110 cover pin 120; stylus 130; image generating device 200; A-type diffused light 210; diffuser 211; lamp beads 212; control board 213; lampshade 214 ; Lamp holder 215; Level 220; B-type diffuse light 230; diffuser plate two 231; lamp beads two 232; control board two 233; lamp shade two 234; glass slide 240; total reflection right-angle prism 250; rectangular side 251; triangle Bottom surface 252; square side surface 253; first adjusting nut 260; stage 270; box body 280; data display device 300; magnetic patch 310; baffle 320; display screen 330; image acquisition and processing device 400; camera protection shell 410 ; Camera 420; Top board 430; Main control board 440; Interface extender 450; Power interface 460; Switch 470; Base 480; Second adjusting nut 490; b; the light c from the second diffuser lamp of type A; the light d reflected by the prism; the light e from
  • the figure includes a cover 110, a cover pin 120, a stylus 130, an image generation device 200, a data display device 300, and an image acquisition and processing device 400;
  • the top of the image generating device 200 is open and is provided with a mounting hole, the cover 110 is connected to the mounting hole through a cover pin 120, and is movably covered on the top of the image generating device 200.
  • the image acquisition and processing device 400 is fixed at the bottom of the image generation device 200.
  • the bottom of the image generating device 200 is provided with a connecting piece, and the side wall of the image capturing and processing device 400 is provided with threaded holes and concave grooves.
  • the connecting piece is fastened by the bolt and the threaded hole and fitted into the concave groove.
  • the data display device is fastened to the front side wall of the image generating device 400.
  • a magnetic patch 310 is fixed on the front surface of the baffle 320 of the data display device 300.
  • the stylus 130 can be magnetically attached to the magnetic patch 310.
  • the lower surface of the B-type diffuser 230 coincides with the upper surface of the stage 270, and the horizontal center of the two B-type diffusers 230
  • the lines are all orthogonal to the vertical center line of the stage 270.
  • the center position of the stage 270 and the two sides of the center position are both left with concave card slots, and the slide glass 240 and the two total reflection right-angle prisms 250 can be installed horizontally, respectively.
  • the glass slide 240 and the two total reflection right-angle prisms 250 are used to generate images in three directions of the horny jaw.
  • the slide glass 240 is also used to carry the horny jaw samples.
  • the installation position of the two total reflection right-angle prisms 250 is about the box 280
  • the diagonal surface is mirror-symmetrical.
  • the level 220 is fixed on the stage 270.
  • the stage 270 is connected to the mounting hole of the box body 280 through the first adjusting nut 260.
  • the A-type diffuse light 210 and the B-type diffuse light 230 are used to provide stable illumination inside the device to ensure that the device is not affected by changes in external light.
  • the lamp source of the A-type and B-type diffuse lamps can be fluorescent lamps, LED lamps, energy-saving lamps, tungsten halogen lamps and other types of white light sources that can provide stable lighting.
  • the LED white light lamps are used as the diffuse lamps. The light source explained that LED lights have the advantages of high efficiency, energy saving, long life, easy replacement, and environmental protection.
  • the diffuser of the A and B diffuser lamps can be frosted glass, or acrylic coated with diffuse reflection paint, and other materials that can ensure good light and color consistency.
  • an acrylic board with diffuse reflection paint is used as the diffuser, which can improve the luminous efficiency, eliminate obvious glare, and can well meet the lighting requirements.
  • the included angle ⁇ , distance L and distance d can all be adjusted appropriately, as long as the following conditions are met: the light spot generated by the A-type diffuse light 210 will not directly hit the square side of the total reflection right-angle prism 250 Top; the center point of the A-type diffuser light 210 is aligned with the center point of the slide glass 240; the camera 420 can obtain a clear picture without obvious light spots.
  • Nine 3mm LED white light lamp beads 212 are uniformly welded on the control board 213, and then the two are fitted into the concave grooves of the lampshade one 214 through threaded connection, and the diffuser plate 211 is fixed on the lampshade one 214.
  • the inner surfaces of the cover 110 and the box 280 are covered with black material, which can absorb light and does not reflect light.
  • black material which can absorb light and does not reflect light.
  • a black matt film that has been sandblasted is selected. This material has strong adhesion, good non-reflective effect, and can also improve the fatigue resistance of the device.
  • the black material may also be a matte black sticker, a black matte material that has been sandblasted, or other black materials that have the effect of isolating external light and not reflecting internal light significantly.
  • the rectangular side 251 of the total reflection right-angle prism 250 is coated with a reflective film.
  • the reflective film can be a metal reflective film, a full dielectric reflective film, or other optical films that can increase the reflectivity of the optical surface.
  • a pure aluminum reflective film is used, the triangular side surface 252 is frosted, the square side surface 253 and the square bottom surface are polished to ensure that the prism follows the principle of internal reflection.
  • the total reflection right-angle prism is easy to install, has good structural stability and superior reflection effect.
  • the data display device includes a baffle 320 and a display screen 330.
  • a mounting groove is left on the front side wall of the box body 280.
  • the display screen 330 is fastened in the mounting groove of the box body 280 through a threaded connection.
  • the baffle 320 has a rectangular notch, which is assembled with the box body 280 through a threaded connection and fixed on the outside of the display screen 330 to ensure that the display of the display screen 330 fits into the rectangular notch of the bezel and is completely exposed from the side of the box body 280 .
  • the display screen 330 needs to have the following functions: with a touch screen; capable of displaying the interface of the software running on the main control panel. In this embodiment, a 5-inch Raspberry Pi display screen is preferred. It can cooperate with the stylus to operate on the display screen, and can display the interface of the software running on the main control panel, so that the device can perform human-computer interaction well.
  • the image acquisition and processing device 400 includes a base 480, a top plate 430, a main control board 440, an interface extender 450, three cameras 420, and three camera protective shells 410, The second adjustment nut 490.
  • the bottom of the base 480 is provided with a mounting hole and a mounting slot, and the top is open. Mounting grooves are left at the center of the top plate 430 and on both sides of the center position, and the mounting grooves on both sides are mirror-symmetrical with respect to the diagonal surface of the top plate 430.
  • the top plate 430 is connected to the base 480 and fastened to the top of the base 480.
  • the main control board 440 is connected to the mounting hole and fastened to the bottom of the base 480.
  • the interface extender 450 is fixed in the installation slot.
  • the three cameras 420 are respectively fastened above the three mounting grooves.
  • the three camera protection shells 410 are respectively fastened on the top of the three cameras 420, and it is ensured that the lens of the camera 420 is fitted in the circular notch and is completely exposed upward.
  • the second adjusting nut 490 is fixed to the bottom of the base 480.
  • the lens center of the first camera at the center of the top plate 430 is directly opposite to the center of the bottom surface of the slide glass 240, and the lens centers of the second and third cameras on both sides of the center position are respectively opposite to the square of the two total reflection right-angle prisms 250 Side center.
  • a power interface 460 connected to a power supply or a computer and a switch 470 for controlling equipment are fixed on the side wall of the base 480 of the image acquisition processing device 400.
  • the camera 420 needs to have the following functions: good backlight shooting effect; high-definition photo quality; adjustable focal length and insignificant distortion within the required range. It can be a USB camera, a serial camera and other miniature cameras with the above functions.
  • a USB wide dynamic 1080p backlight camera with a focal length of 3.5 mm is adopted; the main control board 440 needs to be able to run a custom program.
  • the Raspberry Pi 3 generation B+ type is used as the main control board 440, which can run programs efficiently, process data, and is easy to install; the interface extender 450 is used to expand the interface to ensure the camera 420, the main control board 440, and the power supply.
  • the interface 460 is connected to the interface extender 450.
  • a USB interface extender and a USB power interface are used.
  • a cephalopod horny jaw multi-view rapid photographing device also includes a level assembly, the level assembly is fixed on the stage 270 fixed on the level 220, and the stage connected to the stage 270 and the box 280 An adjusting nut 260 and a second adjusting nut 490 fixed to the bottom of the base 480 are composed.
  • the level 220 may be a bubble level, or an electronic level or other instruments for detecting whether it is level. In this embodiment, a bull's eye bubble level is used to detect whether the level is level, which is simple to install and low in cost, and can meet the accuracy requirements of the device.
  • Picture IV is the placement position of the glass slide, sample, and total reflection right-angle prism on the stage; the device will control three cameras to take pictures in turn, and the A-type and B-type diffuse lights are sequentially illuminated to obtain the front view of the sample in turn , Three pictures in side view and bottom view.
  • the operation process of the device is as follows:
  • Level adjustment adjust the bottom of the base and the adjustment rod of the stage so that the bubble of the bull's eye level is in the center;

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Abstract

本发明公开一种头足类角质颚多视角快速拍摄装置，所述装置包括盖体、盖体销、触控笔、图像生成装置、数据显示装置和图像采集处理装置；所述图像生成装置顶部敞口并设有安装孔，所述盖体通过所述盖体销与所述安装孔连接，并活动盖合在图像生成装置的顶部。所述图像采集处理装置固定于图像生成装置底部。所述数据显示装置紧固于图像生成装置的前侧壁上。数据显示装置的挡板前表面固定有磁性贴片。所述触控笔能够磁性吸附于所述磁性贴片上。本发明能够快速拍摄角质颚多视角图像并测量角质颚的形态参数。

Description

一种头足类角质颚多视角快速拍摄装置 技术领域
本发明涉及图像采集与生物信息领域，具体涉及一种通过利用计算机图像采集技术，快速拍摄头足类角质颚多视角图像并获取形态参数的拍摄装置。
背景技术
角质颚是头足类口球内的几丁质硬组织，主要用于切碎食物。它具有形态结构稳定、耐腐蚀的特点，能够良好地储存头足类的生物信息。分析角质颚所储存的生物信息，是海洋渔业资源生物学研究的一个重点。利用角质颚能够开展统计形态参数、分析稳定同位素、判读轮纹等研究，为研究海洋生物种群分类与鉴定、渔业资源评估与预测、全球气候变化与渔业生产等领域供理论基础。其中，角质颚形态参数的测定是开展头足类各项相关研究的基础。头足类渔业是我国现代农业的重要组成部分。我国提倡“互联网+”现代农业，而实现“互联网+”渔业更是是推进海洋强国战略的重要组成部分。未来将5G、物联网、人工智能等新兴技术应用于渔业，这对实现生态捕捞、渔业资源的可持续性发展和有效利用具有重大意义。因此，使用模式识别等新兴技术测定角质颚的形态参数，具有重要的科研价值、生态价值和 经济价值。
目前测定角质颚形态参数的常用方法是使用游标卡尺等测量工具。角质颚具有形状不规则、体积小、表面滑腻等特点。传统方法成本低，方法简单，但研究人员容易因测量难度大、操作失误、读数错误等因素产生偶然误差，并且因为采样样本多，工作量很大，所以采集数据速度缓慢。所以，本发明装置研发一种利用计算机图像识别技术代替传统人工测量的方法，并且能够提高测量精度，加快测量速度的的高效测量装置。
发明内容
为了克服上述现有技术的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种头足类角质颚的高效测量装置，利用计算机图像识别技术，高效提取头足类角质颚的形态参数，解决传统人工测量误差大，测量速度慢等问题。
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种头足类角质颚多视角快速拍摄装置，包括盖体、盖体销、触控笔、图像生成装置、数据显示装置、图像采集处理装置；图像生成装置顶部敞口并设有安装孔，盖体通过所述盖体销与安装孔连接，并活动盖合在图像生成装置的顶部。图像采集处理装置固定于图像生成装置底部。数据显示装置紧固于图像生成装置的前侧壁上。数据显示装置的挡板前表面固定有磁性贴片。触控笔能够磁性吸附于磁性贴片上。
图像生成装置包括箱体，两个A型漫光灯，两个B型漫光灯， 载物台，载玻片以及两个全反射直角棱镜，水平仪，第一调节螺母；箱体的两个相邻内壁的垂直中心线的相同位置均分别留有两组螺纹孔。箱体内侧壁设有安装孔。箱体的相邻内壁均通过螺纹配合连接安装有一个A型漫光灯和一个B型漫光灯。载物台的中心位置以及中心位置的两侧部分区域均留有凹型卡槽，可以分别水平安装载玻片和两个全反射直角棱镜，两个全反射直角棱镜的安装位置关于箱体的对角面呈镜面对称。水平仪固定于载物台上。载物台通过所述第一调节螺母与箱体的安装孔相连。A型漫光灯和B型漫光灯为拍摄角质颚样品的三视图提供稳定的非直射漫光照明，避免摄像头进行强逆光拍照，使得图片具有较好的光色一致性。
数据显示装置包括挡板和显示屏。箱体的前侧壁留有安装凹槽。显示屏固定于箱体的安装凹槽内。挡板留有矩形槽口，通过螺纹配合连接与箱体组装并且固定于显示屏的外侧，保证显示屏的显示器嵌合在挡板的矩形槽口内并完全从箱体侧面露出。
图像采集处理装置包含底座，顶板，主控制板，接口扩展器，三个摄像头，三个摄像头保护壳。所述底座底部留有安装孔和安装槽，顶部敞口。所述顶板中心位置以及中心位置的两侧部分区域均留有安装凹槽，两侧的安装凹槽关于顶板的对角面呈镜面对称。所述顶板与所述底座连接，并紧固于底座顶部。所述主控制板与所述安装孔连接，并紧固于底座底部。所述接口扩展器固定于所述安装槽内。所述摄像头保护壳的顶端留有圆形槽口。三个摄像头分别紧固于所述的三个安装凹槽的上方。三个摄像头保护壳分别紧固于三个摄像头的上方，并 且保证摄像头的镜头嵌合在所述圆形槽口内并完全向上露出。
作为优选方式，A型漫光灯位于B型漫光灯的上方。两个A型漫光灯与载物台的水平面需要呈一定夹角。该夹角需要满足以下要求：A型漫光灯产生的光斑不会直射到全反射直角棱镜的方形侧面上；A型漫光灯的中心点对准载玻片的中心点；摄像头能够获取清晰图片。两个B型漫光灯均分别正对两个棱镜的方形侧面，B型漫光灯的下表面与载物台上表面重合，并且两个B型漫光灯的水平中心线均与载物台的垂直中心线正交。
作为优选方式，箱体和盖体内壁均覆盖有黑色材料，能够较好地吸收光线并且不明显反射光线。
作为优选方式，全反射直角棱镜的矩形侧面镀光学膜，方形侧面和方形底面抛光，两个三角形侧面磨砂，保证遵从棱镜内反射原理。
作为优选方式，顶板中心位置的第一摄像头的镜头中心正对于载玻片的底面中心，中心位置两侧的第二摄像头和第三摄像头的镜头中心分别正对于两个全反射直角棱镜的方形底面中心。
作为优选方式，图像采集处理装置的底座侧壁上固定有与电源或电脑相连接的电源接口，以及控制设备开关的按钮。
作为优选方式，装置还包括水平仪组件，水平仪组件由固定于载物台上的水平仪，以及连接载物台和箱体的第一调节螺母和固定于底座底部的第二调节螺母组成。
与现有技术相比，本发明专利具备以下有益效果：
1.本发明包括水平仪组件，所述水平仪组件由固定于载物台上的 水平仪，以及连接载物台和箱体的第一调节螺母和固定于底座底部的第二调节螺母组成，达到调节装置水平的要求。
2.本发明的顶部采用翻盖结构，实验人员能够便捷地更换角质颚样品。
3.载物台利用全反射直角棱镜的内反射原理和载玻片的透光性，保证图像采集处理装置的三个摄像头能够在一个基准面对角质颚的三个面进行拍照，提高了图片获取效率并且优化了装置的结构布局。
4.本发明的箱体和盖体的内壁均覆盖有黑色材料，较好地吸收并且不明显反射光线；内部采用A型和B型漫光灯进行非直射稳定漫光照明，具有较好地光色一致性，避免摄像头进行逆光拍照，也规避了外界光线变化对拍照的影响，改善拍照的光线环境，进而提高装置的测量精确度。
5.本发明的主控制板能够运行自定义软件，实现控制A型和B型漫光灯开关、控制摄像头拍照、图像传输和处理、数据传输与处理等功能。实验人员能够使用触控笔操作显示器上的软件界面，经过主控制板的处理，最终在显示器上展示角质颚的形态参数，该自定义软件的测量精确度能够较好地满足科研需求。
6.本发明的底座侧壁固定有电源接口和控制开关，装置能够与外接电源相连。实验人员通过控制开关，能够便捷地开关装置。此外，装置能够与电脑相连，在电脑上运行自定义软件，获取角质颚的形态参数，实现脱机和不脱机的两用功能。
综上所述，本发明是一个集成自主拍照、图像传输和处理、数据 传输与处理等功能的一体化装置，具有操作简单、携带方便的特点，本发明能够快速拍摄角质颚多视角图像并测量角质颚的形态参数。
附图说明
图1为本发明的示意图；
图2为本发明中图像生成装置的示意图；
图3为本发明中A型漫光灯的示意图；
图4为本发明中数据显示装置的示意图；
图5为本发明中图像采集处理装置的示意图；
图6为本发明中盖体的示意图；
图7为本发明中盖体销的示意图；
图8为现有技术中触控笔的示意图；
图9为本发明中全反射直角棱镜的示意图；
图10为现有技术中显示器的示意图；
图11为现有技术中摄像头保护壳的示意图；
图12为现有技术中摄像头的示意图；
图13为现有技术中主控制板的示意图；
图14为现有技术中接口扩展器的示意图；
图15为本发明的图像生成原理图。
图中各符号代表：盖体110；盖体销120；触控笔130；图像生成装置200；A型漫光灯210；漫光板一211；灯珠一212；控制板一213；灯罩一214；灯架215；水平仪220；B型漫光灯230；漫光板 二231；灯珠二232；控制板二233；灯罩二234；载玻片240；全反射直角棱镜250；矩形侧面251；三角形底面252；方形侧面253；第一调节螺母260；载物台270；箱体280；数据显示装置300；磁性贴片310；挡板320；显示屏330；图像采集处理装置400；摄像头保护壳410；摄像头420；顶板430；主控制板440；接口扩展器450；电源接口460；开关470；底座480；第二调节螺母490；来自A型漫光灯一的光线a；经棱镜反射后的光线b；来自A型漫光灯二的光线c；经棱镜反射后的光线d；来自B型漫光灯一的光线e；来自B型漫光灯二的光线f。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明实现的创作特征、技术手段、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合附图进一步阐述本发明，但本发明的保护范围不局限于以下所述。
参见图1，图4，图5，图片6，图片7和图片8，图中包括盖体110、盖体销120、触控笔130、图像生成装置200、数据显示装置300、图像采集处理装置400；图像生成装置200顶部敞口并设有安装孔，盖体110通过盖体销120与安装孔连接，并活动盖合在图像生成装置200的顶部。图像采集处理装置400固定于图像生成装置200底部。图像生成装置200底部设有连接件，图像采集处理装置400侧壁留有螺纹孔和凹形卡槽。连接件通过螺栓与螺纹孔配合紧固并嵌合于凹形卡槽内。数据显示装置紧固于图像生成装置400的前侧壁上。 数据显示装置300的挡板320前表面上固定磁性贴片310。触控笔130能够磁性吸附于磁性贴片310上。
参见图2和图9，图像生成装置包括箱体280，两个A型漫光灯210，两个B型漫光灯230，载物台270，载玻片240，两个全反射直角棱镜250，水平仪220，第一调节螺母260；箱体280的两个相邻内壁的垂直中心线的相同位置均分别留有两组螺纹孔。箱体280内侧壁设有安装孔。箱体280的相邻内壁均通过螺纹配合连接安装有一个A型漫光灯210和一个B型漫光灯230。两个B型漫光灯230均分别正对两个棱镜的方形侧面253，B型漫光灯230的下表面与载物台270上表面重合，并且两个B型漫光灯230的水平中心线均与载物台270的垂直中心线正交。载物台270的中心位置以及中心位置的两侧部分区域均留有凹型卡槽，可以分别水平安装所述载玻片240和两个全反射直角棱镜250。载玻片240和两个全反射直角棱镜250用于生成角质颚三个方向的图像，载玻片240还用于承载角质颚样品，两个全反射直角棱镜250的安装位置关于箱体280的对角面呈镜面对称。水平仪220固定于载物台270上。载物台270通过所述第一调节螺母260与箱体280的安装孔相连。A型漫光灯210和B型漫光灯230用于为装置内部提供稳定照明，保证装置不受外界光线变化的影响。A型和B型漫光灯的灯源可以是荧光灯、LED灯、节能灯、卤钨灯等其他可以提供稳定照明的白光灯源类型，在本实施例中，选用LED白光灯作为漫光灯的灯源进行说明，LED灯具有高效节能、寿命长、便于更换、绿色环保等优点。A型和B型漫光灯的漫光板可以是磨砂玻璃 板，也可以是喷涂有漫反射涂料的亚克力板，以及其他能够保证良好光色一致性的材料。在本实施中，采用有漫反射涂料的亚克力板作为漫光板，它能够提高发光效率，消除明显眩光，能良好地满足光照需求。
参见图2和图3，A型漫光灯包括漫光板一211、9个3mmLED白光灯珠一212，控制板一213，灯罩一214，灯架215。在本实施例中，A型漫光灯灯罩一214的中心线与载物台270的中心线的两者夹角α＝30°，灯罩一214与灯架215通过螺纹配合紧固。A型漫光灯210的中心点对准载玻片240的中心点，两者水平距离L＝75mm，并且距离箱体280顶部的距离d＝50mm。除本实施例之外，夹角α，距离L和距离d都可以进行适当调节，只要满足以下条件：A型漫光灯210产生的光斑不会直射到所述全反射直角棱镜250的方形侧面上；A型漫光灯210的中心点对准载玻片240的中心点；摄像头420能够获取无明显光斑的清晰图片。9个3mmLED白光灯珠一212均匀焊接在控制板一213上，再通过螺纹配合连接将两者嵌合在灯罩一214的凹形卡槽上，漫光板一211固定于灯罩一214上。B型漫光灯包括漫光板二231、9个3mmLED白光灯珠二232，控制板二233，灯罩二234。B型漫光灯230所述四者的连接方式与A型漫光灯210相同。
参见图2和图6，盖体110和箱体280内表面覆盖有黑色材料，能够吸收光线并且不反光。本实施例中，选用经过喷砂处理的黑色亚光薄膜，该材料附着性强，不反射效果较好，并且还能提高装置的抗疲劳性。除本实施例之外，该黑色材料还可以是磨砂亚光黑色贴纸， 也可是经过喷砂处理的黑色亚光材料，或者其他具备隔绝外界光线，并且不明显反射内部光线效果的黑色材料。
参见图9，全反射直角棱镜250的矩形侧面251镀反射膜，该反射膜可以是金属反射膜，也可以是全电介质反射膜以及其他可以增大光学表面反射率的光学膜。在本实施例中，采用纯铝反射膜，三角形侧面252磨砂，方形侧面253和方形底面抛光，保证棱镜遵从内反射原理。全反射直角棱镜容易安装，具有较好地结构稳定性和优越的反射效果。
参见图4和图10，数据显示装置包括挡板320和显示屏330。箱体280的前侧壁留有安装凹槽。显示屏330通过螺纹配合连接紧固于箱体280的安装凹槽内。挡板320留有矩形槽口，通过螺纹配合连接与箱体280组装并且固定于显示屏330的外侧，保证显示屏330的显示器嵌合在挡板的矩形槽口内并完全从箱体280侧面露出。显示屏330需要具备以下功能：带有触控屏；能够显示主控制板所运行软件的界面。在本实施例中，优选5寸树莓派显示屏。它能够与触控笔配合，在显示屏上进行操作，并且能够显示主控制板所运行软件的界面，使得设备能够良好地进行人机交互。
参见图5，图11，图12，图13和图14，图像采集处理装置400包含底座480，顶板430，主控制板440，接口扩展器450，三个摄像头420，三个摄像头保护壳410，第二调节螺母490。底座480底部留有安装孔和安装槽，顶部敞口。顶板430中心位置以及中心位置的两侧部分区域均留有安装凹槽，两侧的安装凹槽关于顶板430的对角 面呈镜面对称。顶板430与底座480连接，并紧固于底座480顶部。主控制板440与安装孔连接，并紧固于底座480底部。接口扩展器450固定于安装槽内。摄像头保护壳的顶端留有圆形槽口。三个摄像头420分别紧固于三个安装凹槽的上方。三个摄像头保护壳410分别紧固于三个摄像头420的上方，并且保证摄像头420的镜头嵌合在所述圆形槽口内并完全向上露出。第二调节螺母490固定于底座480的底部。顶板430中心位置的第一摄像头的镜头中心正对于所述载玻片240的底面中心，中心位置两侧的第二摄像头和第三摄像头的镜头中心分别正对于两个全反射直角棱镜250的方形侧面中心。图像采集处理装置400的底座480侧壁上固定有与电源或电脑相连接的电源接口460，以及控制设备的开关470。摄像头420需要具备以下功能：逆光拍摄效果好；照片品质高清；焦距可调并且在要求范围内畸变像差不明显，可以是USB摄像头，也可以是串口摄像头以及其他具备以上功能的微型摄像头。在本实施例中，采用USB宽动态1080p逆光摄像头，焦距为3.5mm；主控制板440需要能够运行自定义的程序。在本实施中，采用树莓派3代B+型作为主控制板440，它能够高效运行程序，处理数据，易于安装；接口扩展器450用于扩展接口，保证摄像头420、主控制板440、电源接口460和接口扩展器450四者相连。在本实施中，因为采用USB摄像头，所以采用USB接口扩展器和USB电源接口。
参见图2和图5，一种头足类角质颚多视角快速拍摄装置还包括水平仪组件，水平仪组件由固定于载物台270上的水平仪220，以及 连接载物台270和箱体280的第一调节螺母260和固定于底座480底部的第二调节螺母490组成。水平仪220可以是气泡水平仪，也可以是电子水平仪以及其他检测是否水平的仪器。在本实施例中，采用牛眼气泡水平仪进行检测是否水平，其安装简单，成本低，能够满足装置所需的精度要求。
参见图15，Ⅰ图正在获取样品的正视图，其中a为来自A型漫光灯一的光线，b为经棱镜反射后的图像光线，第二摄像头拍照采集图像，获得样品的正视图；Ⅱ图正在获取样品的侧视图，其中c为来自A型漫光灯的光线，d为经棱镜反射后的图像光线，第三摄像头拍照采集图像，获得样品的侧视图；Ⅲ图正在获取样品的底视图，其中e为来自B型漫光灯一的光线，f为来自B型漫光灯二的光线，第一摄像头拍照采集图像，获得样品的底视图。Ⅳ图为载物台上的载玻片、样品、全反射直角棱镜的摆放位置；装置会控制三个摄像头依次拍照，以及A型和B型漫光灯依次照明，依次获得样品的正视图，侧视图和底视图三张图片。
该装置的操作流程如下：
1.调水平：调节底座底部和载物台的调节杆，使得牛眼水平仪的气泡位于中心；
2.启动装置：根据实际情况，选择装置脱机或者不脱机两种模式，外接电源或者电脑，然后按下开关，启动装置；
3.放置样品：翻动盖体，将角质颚样本放于载玻片的中心区域，盖合盖体，保证装置密封；
4.程序操作流程：如果选择脱机模式，则进行以下步骤：①操纵触控笔打开软件②选择提取模式：批量模式或者单个模式；③如果是批量模式，实验人员启动软件后，软件经处理后会显示当前样本形态参数的数据，并且会以文本形式保存，重复3的步骤，获得角质颚形态参数的批量数据；如果是单个模式，实验人员启动软件后，软件经处理后会显示当前样本形态参数的数据，但不提供自动保存，可以手动保存。如果选择不脱机模式，则使用电脑进行脱机模式的步骤②和步骤③。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种头足类角质颚多视角快速拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述拍摄装置包括盖体、盖体销、触控笔、图像生成装置、数据显示装置、图像采集处理装置；所述图像生成装置顶部敞口并设有安装孔，所述盖体通过所述盖体销与所述安装孔连接，并活动盖合在图像生成装置的顶部，所述图像采集处理装置固定于图像生成装置的底部，所述数据显示装置紧固于图像生成装置的前侧壁上，数据显示装置的挡板前表面固定有磁性贴片，所述触控笔能够磁性吸附于所述磁性贴片上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种头足类角质颚多视角快速拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述图像生成装置包括箱体，两个A型漫光灯，两个B型漫光灯，载物台，载玻片以及两个全反射直角棱镜，水平仪，第一调节螺母；所述箱体的两个相邻内壁的垂直中心线的相同位置均分别留有两组螺纹孔，箱体内侧壁设有安装孔，箱体的相邻内壁均通过螺纹配合连接安装有一个A型漫光灯和一个B型漫光灯，所述载物台的中心位置以及中心位置的两侧部分区域均留有凹型卡槽，可以分别水平安装所述载玻片和两个全反射直角棱镜，两个全反射直角棱镜的安装位置关于箱体的对角面呈镜面对称，所述水平仪固定于载物台上，载物台通过所述第一调节螺母与所述箱体的安装孔相连。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种头足类角质颚多视角快速拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述A型漫光灯位于所述B型漫光灯的上方，所述的两个A型漫光灯与载物台的水平面需要呈一定夹角，该夹角需要满足以下要求：A型漫光灯产生的光斑不会直射到所述全反射直角 棱镜的方形侧面上；A型漫光灯的中心点对准载玻片的中心点；摄像头能够获取清晰图片，所述的两个B型漫光灯均分别正对两个棱镜的方形侧面，B型漫光灯的下表面与所述载物台上表面重合，并且两个B型漫光灯的水平中心线均与载物台的垂直中心线正交。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种头足类角质颚多视角快速拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述箱体和所述盖体内壁均覆盖有黑色材料。
  5. 根据权利要求1、2或3所述的一种头足类角质颚多视角快速拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述全反射直角棱镜的矩形侧面镀光学膜，方形侧面和方形底面抛光，两个三角形侧面磨砂。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种头足类角质颚多视角快速拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述数据显示装置包括挡板和显示屏，所述箱体的前侧壁留有安装凹槽。所述显示屏固定于箱体的安装凹槽内。所述挡板留有矩形槽口，通过螺纹配合连接与箱体组装并且固定于显示屏的外侧，保证显示屏的显示器嵌合在挡板的矩形槽口内并完全从箱体侧面露出。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种头足类角质颚多视角快速拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述图像采集处理装置包含底座，顶板，主控制板，接口扩展器，三个摄像头，三个摄像头保护壳，第二调节螺母。所述底座底部留有安装孔和安装槽，顶部敞口。所述顶板中心位置以及中心位置的两侧部分区域均留有安装凹槽，两侧的安装凹槽关于顶板的对角面呈镜面对称。所述顶板与所述底座连接，并紧固于底座顶部。所述主控制板与所述安装孔连接，并紧固于底座底部。所述接口扩展 器固定于所述安装槽内。所述摄像头保护壳的顶端留有圆形槽口。三个摄像头分别紧固于所述的三个安装凹槽的上方。三个摄像头保护壳分别紧固于三个摄像头的上方，并且保证摄像头的镜头嵌合在所述圆形槽口内并完全向上露出。所述第二调节螺母固定于底座的底部。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种头足类角质颚多视角快速拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述顶板中心位置的第一摄像头的镜头中心正对于所述载玻片的底面中心，中心位置两侧的第二摄像头和第三摄像头的镜头中心分别正对于两个全反射直角棱镜的方形底面中心。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种头足类角质颚多视角快速拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述图像采集处理装置的底座侧壁上固定有与电源或电脑相连接的电源接口，以及控制设备开关的按钮。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的一种头足类角质颚多视角快速拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述拍摄装置还包括水平仪组件，水平仪组件由固定于载物台上的水平仪，以及连接载物台和箱体的第一调节螺母和固定于底座底部的第二调节螺母组成。
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