WO2021249039A1 - 通信方法、装置及系统 - Google Patents

通信方法、装置及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021249039A1
WO2021249039A1 PCT/CN2021/089070 CN2021089070W WO2021249039A1 WO 2021249039 A1 WO2021249039 A1 WO 2021249039A1 CN 2021089070 W CN2021089070 W CN 2021089070W WO 2021249039 A1 WO2021249039 A1 WO 2021249039A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
data packet
packet group
sending
access network
service data
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/089070
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
马景旺
黄曲芳
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to JP2022576184A priority Critical patent/JP7494327B2/ja
Priority to EP21822645.4A priority patent/EP4156770A4/en
Priority to BR112022025047A priority patent/BR112022025047A2/pt
Publication of WO2021249039A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021249039A1/zh
Priority to US18/063,757 priority patent/US20230103418A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/0252—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control per individual bearer or channel
    • H04W28/0263—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control per individual bearer or channel involving mapping traffic to individual bearers or channels, e.g. traffic flow template [TFT]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/10—Flow control between communication endpoints
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/0215—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control based on user or device properties, e.g. MTC-capable devices

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to communication methods, devices and systems.
  • AR Augmented Reality
  • VR Virtual Reality
  • haptic networks the real-time requirements for data transmission are relatively high, that is, it is required to be within a short transmission time window. Send a certain amount of data.
  • This application provides a communication method, device, and system to improve the efficiency of data transmission.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, including: a user plane network element receives characteristic information of a service data flow, where the characteristic information is used to describe the characteristic of the service data flow; and the user plane network element is based on The characteristic information of the service data flow identifies the data packet group in the service data flow; the user plane network element sends the data packet group to the access network device.
  • the data packet group of the service data stream can be identified based on the characteristic information of the service data stream obtained in advance, so that the data packet group can be further processed accordingly, which helps to improve the transmission efficiency of the service data stream.
  • the characteristic information includes the first packet data characteristic and the last packet characteristic of the data packet group; the user plane network element identifies the service data according to the characteristic information of the service data flow
  • the data packet group in the flow includes: the user plane network element recognizes the first packet of the data packet group based on the first packet data characteristics; the user plane network element recognizes the first packet of the data packet group based on the last packet data characteristics The last packet of the packet group.
  • each data packet group of the service data stream can be identified according to the characteristic information of the service data stream, so that each data packet group of the service data stream can be processed, so that the transmission efficiency of the service data stream can be improved.
  • the characteristic information includes a data packet group sending interval, and the data packet group sending interval is used to indicate a sending time interval between two adjacent data packet groups of the service data stream;
  • the user plane network element identifying the data packet group in the service data flow according to the characteristic information of the service data flow includes: the user plane network element identifying the service data according to the sending interval of the data packet group The packet group of the flow.
  • the user plane network element adds the same data packet group identifier to each data packet in the data packet group.
  • each data packet group can be identified according to the data packet group identifier, so that the receiving side (such as an access network device) can identify each data packet group of the service data stream, so that the receiving side can identify each data packet group Perform processing to improve the transmission efficiency of business data streams.
  • the receiving side such as an access network device
  • the user plane network element performs scheduling processing of the array packet group according to the characteristic information.
  • the characteristic information includes the pulse peak rate and pulse interval corresponding to the data packet group, and the pulse interval is the transmission time between two adjacent pulses corresponding to the data packet group Interval; the user plane network element performs the scheduling processing of the array packet group according to the characteristic information, including: the user plane network element reduces the pulse peak rate corresponding to the data packet group and the pulse interval
  • the pulse peak rate corresponding to the data packet group is such that the reduced pulse peak rate corresponding to the data packet group does not exceed a pre-configured maximum pulse peak rate, and the maximum pulse peak rate is the maximum pulse peak value of a single service data stream Rate, or the maximum pulse peak rate of aggregation of multiple service data streams.
  • the user plane network element can perform traffic shaping on the service data stream, which reduces the pressure of high-speed services on network transmission, thereby improving the efficiency of data transmission.
  • the user plane network element receives the maximum pulse peak rate from the session management network element.
  • the characteristic information comes from an application server; or, the characteristic information comes from a database, and the characteristic information in the database comes from an application server; or, the characteristic information comes from a session management network element , The feature information in the session management network element comes from an application server.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, including: an access network device receives characteristic information of a service data flow, where the characteristic information is used to describe the characteristics of the service data flow;
  • the user plane network element receives the service data flow;
  • the access network device identifies the data packet group of the service data flow;
  • the access network device sends the data packet group according to the characteristic information.
  • the service data stream can be sent based on the characteristic information of the service data stream obtained in advance, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the service data stream.
  • the identification of the data packet group of the service data flow by the access network device includes: the access network device determining data in the service data flow that carries the same data packet group identifier Packets belong to the same data packet group; or, the characteristic information includes a data packet group sending interval, and the data packet group sending interval is used to indicate the sending time interval between two adjacent data packet groups of the service data stream The access network device identifies the data packet group according to the sending interval of the data packet group.
  • the access network device can identify each data packet group of the service data stream according to the characteristic information of the service data stream, so that each data packet group of the service data stream can be processed, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the service data stream .
  • the access network device sending the data packet group according to the characteristic information includes: the access network device determining the scheduling of the data packet group according to the characteristic information Strategy; The access network device sends the data packet group according to the scheduling policy of the data packet group.
  • the characteristic information includes a sending time window of the data packet group, and the sending time window of the data packet group is used to indicate the maximum sending time for sending the data packet group;
  • the network access device determines the scheduling strategy of the data packet group according to the characteristic information, including: the access network device determines multiple time periods corresponding to the sending time window of the data packet group, and the multiple times Each segment corresponds to the scheduling strategy, wherein the sending rate indicated by the scheduling policy corresponding to the time period later in time is higher than the sending rate indicated by the scheduling policy corresponding to the time period earlier in time; the access The network device sending the data packet group according to the scheduling policy of the data packet group includes: the access network device sends the data packet group according to the scheduling policies respectively corresponding to the multiple time periods.
  • the access network device can implement different scheduling strategies for different time periods of the same sending time window to ensure that a data packet group can be sent within one sending time window, ensuring reliable transmission of service data streams.
  • the characteristic information includes a data packet group sending interval, and the data packet group sending interval is used to indicate a sending time interval between two adjacent data packet groups of the service data stream;
  • the access network device performs scheduling of transmission resources of the data packet group according to the transmission interval of the data packet group.
  • the scheduling of the transmission resources of the data packet group by the access network device according to the data packet group transmission interval includes: the access network device according to the data packet group The transmission interval is to receive channel state information CSI from the terminal device; the access network device determines the transmission timing of the data packet group and is used to transmit the data packet according to the state information of one or more subcarriers indicated by the CSI Group of sub-carriers; the access network device sends the data packet group according to the characteristic information, including: the access network device sends the data packet group according to the sending timing of the data packet group To send the data packet group.
  • the access network device can determine the transmission timing and subcarriers of the data packet group based on the CSI reported by the terminal device, which can improve data transmission efficiency.
  • the characteristic information further includes the pulse peak rate and pulse interval corresponding to the data packet group, and the pulse interval is the transmission between two adjacent pulses corresponding to the data packet group.
  • Time interval the access network device determines the sending timing of the data packet group and the subcarrier used to send the data packet group according to the status information of one or more subcarriers indicated by the CSI, including: The access network device determines the quality requirements and capacity requirements of the subcarriers for sending the data packet group according to the status information of one or more subcarriers indicated by the CSI, the pulse peak rate, and the pulse interval; The network access device determines the sending timing of the data packet group and the subcarrier used to send the data packet group according to the quality requirements and capacity requirements of the subcarriers for sending the data packet group.
  • the receiving CSI from the terminal device by the access network device according to the packet group sending interval includes: the access network device sends configuration information to the terminal device, and the configuration The information includes indication information and the data packet group sending interval.
  • the indication information is used to indicate that the terminal device reports the CSI in the same period as the data packet group sending interval; the access network device receives from the terminal device The CSI.
  • the indication information is also used to instruct the terminal device to report the CSI for the first time period before the arrival of the data packet group.
  • the receiving, by the access network device, the CSI from the terminal device according to the packet group sending interval includes: the access network device determining the CSI according to the data packet group sending interval The arrival time of the packet group;
  • the access network device sends the downlink control information DCI to the terminal device for the second time period before the arrival of the data packet group, which is used to instruct the terminal device to report CSI;
  • the device receives the CSI.
  • the characteristic information includes a sending time window of the data packet group, and the sending time window of the data packet group is used to indicate the maximum sending time for sending the data packet group;
  • the network access device sending the data packet group according to the characteristic information includes: when the first data packet of the data packet group fails to be transmitted initially, the access network device according to the sending time window of the data packet group, Determine the remaining transmission time of the data packet group; when the retransmission time of the first data packet is greater than the remaining transmission time of the data packet group, the access network device discards the first data packet.
  • the characteristic information comes from an application server; or, the characteristic information comes from a database, and the characteristic information in the database comes from an application server; or, the characteristic information comes from a session management network element , The feature information in the session management network element comes from an application server.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which may be a user plane network element or a chip used for a user plane network element.
  • the device has the function of realizing the foregoing first aspect or each possible implementation method of the first aspect. This function can be realized by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-mentioned functions.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device.
  • the device may be an access network device or a chip for the access network device.
  • the device has the function of realizing the foregoing second aspect or each possible implementation method of the second aspect. This function can be realized by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-mentioned functions.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device including a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and when the device is running, the processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to enable The device executes any of the above-mentioned methods of the first aspect to the second aspect, and each of the possible implementation methods of the first aspect to the second aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which includes a method for performing the methods of the first aspect to the second aspect, and each step of any of the possible implementation methods of the first aspect to the second aspect Unit or means (means).
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, including a processor and an interface circuit, the processor is configured to communicate with other devices through the interface circuit and execute the methods of the first aspect to the second aspect.
  • the first aspect To any of the possible implementation methods of the second aspect.
  • the processor includes one or more.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, including a processor, configured to be connected to a memory, and configured to call a program stored in the memory to execute the methods of the first aspect to the second aspect, the first From the aspect to any of the possible implementation methods of the second aspect.
  • the memory can be located inside the device or outside the device.
  • the processor includes one or more.
  • embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium that stores instructions in the computer-readable storage medium, which when run on a computer, causes a processor to execute the first aspect to the second aspect described above , Any of the possible implementation methods of the first aspect to the second aspect.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product.
  • the computer product includes a computer program.
  • the method of the first aspect to the second aspect and each of the first aspect to the second aspect are Any of the possible implementation methods is executed.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a chip system, including: a processor, configured to execute the methods of the first aspect to the second aspect, among the possible implementation methods of the first aspect to the second aspect Any method.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication method, including: a user plane network element receives first characteristic information of a service data stream, where the first characteristic information is used to describe the characteristic of the service data stream; The user plane network element identifies the data packet group in the service data flow according to the first characteristic information of the service data flow; the user plane network element sends the data packet group to the access network device; the interface The network access device receives second characteristic information of the service data flow, where the second characteristic information is used to describe the characteristics of the service data flow; the access network device receives the service data from the user plane network element Flow; the access network device identifies the data packet group of the service data flow; the access network device sends the data packet group according to the second characteristic information.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a communication system, including: a user plane network element and an access network device; the user plane network element is configured to receive first characteristic information of a service data stream, and the first feature information is A feature information is used to describe the feature of the service data flow; according to the first feature information of the service data flow, identify the data packet group in the service data flow; send the data packet to the access network device Group; the access network device is configured to receive second characteristic information of the service data flow, the second characteristic information is used to describe the characteristic of the service data flow; receive the user plane network element Business data flow; identifying the data packet group of the business data flow; sending the data packet group according to the second characteristic information.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 2(a) is a schematic diagram of a 5G network architecture based on a service-oriented architecture
  • Figure 2(b) is a schematic diagram of a 5G network architecture based on a point-to-point interface
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a traffic model of a burst-type business data flow in Cloud VR;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a traffic model of a service data stream with an average rate
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of traffic shaping for a single burst-type service data flow
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of traffic shaping for two burst-type business data streams
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an access network device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a user plane network element provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • the present application provides a communication system, which includes an access network device and a user plane network element.
  • the system further includes a session management network element.
  • the user plane network element is configured to receive first characteristic information of a service data flow, where the first characteristic information is used to describe the characteristic of the service data flow; and to identify all the characteristics of the service data flow according to the first characteristic information of the service data flow.
  • the data packet group in the service data flow; the data packet group is sent to the access network device; the access network device is configured to receive second characteristic information of the service data flow, the second characteristic Information is used to describe the characteristics of the service data flow; receive the service data flow from the user plane network element; identify the data packet group of the service data flow; send the data packet group according to the second characteristic information Packet group.
  • the first characteristic information includes the first packet data characteristic and the last packet characteristic of the data packet group; the user plane network element is configured to perform according to the first characteristic of the service data flow Information, identifying the data packet group in the service data stream, specifically including: identifying the first packet of the data packet group according to the data characteristics of the first packet; identifying the data packet group according to the data characteristics of the tail packet Tail package.
  • the first characteristic information includes a data packet group sending interval, and the data packet group sending interval is used to indicate the sending time between two adjacent data packet groups of the service data stream Interval;
  • the user plane network element is used to identify the data packet group in the service data flow according to the first characteristic information of the service data flow, which specifically includes: is used to identify the data packet group sending interval according to the The data packet group of the service data flow.
  • the user plane network element is also used to add the same data packet group identifier to each data packet in the data packet group.
  • the user plane network element performs scheduling processing of the array packet group according to the first characteristic information.
  • the first characteristic information includes the pulse peak rate and pulse interval corresponding to the data packet group, and the pulse interval is the difference between two adjacent pulses corresponding to the data packet group.
  • Transmission time interval; the user plane network element performs scheduling processing of the array packet group according to the first characteristic information, which specifically includes: being configured to perform according to the pulse peak rate corresponding to the data packet group and the pulse interval, Reduce the pulse peak rate corresponding to the data packet group, so that the reduced pulse peak rate corresponding to the data packet group does not exceed the pre-configured maximum pulse peak rate, and the maximum pulse peak rate is the maximum pulse of a single service data stream Peak rate, or the maximum pulse peak rate of aggregation of multiple service data streams.
  • the user plane network element is further configured to receive the maximum pulse peak rate from the session management network element.
  • the first characteristic information comes from an application server; or, the first characteristic information comes from a database, and the first characteristic information in the database comes from an application server; or, the first characteristic information comes from an application server;
  • One feature information comes from a session management network element, and the first feature information in the session management network element comes from an application server.
  • the access network device is used to identify the data packet group of the service data flow, which specifically includes: used to determine the data carrying the same data packet group identifier in the service data flow Packets belong to the same data packet group; or, the second characteristic information includes a data packet group sending interval, and the data packet group sending interval is used to indicate the sending between two adjacent data packet groups of the service data stream Time interval; used to identify the data packet group according to the sending interval of the data packet group.
  • the access network device is configured to send the data packet group according to the second characteristic information, specifically including: being configured to determine the data according to the second characteristic information The scheduling strategy of the packet group; according to the scheduling strategy of the data packet group, the data packet group is sent.
  • the second characteristic information includes a sending time window of the data packet group, and the sending time window of the data packet group is used to indicate the maximum sending time for sending the data packet group;
  • the access network device is configured to determine the scheduling strategy of the data packet group according to the second characteristic information, specifically including: determining multiple time periods corresponding to the sending time window of the data packet group, and The scheduling strategies respectively corresponding to the multiple time periods, wherein the sending rate indicated by the scheduling policy corresponding to the time period later in time is higher than the sending rate indicated by the scheduling policy corresponding to the time period earlier in time;
  • the access network device is configured to send the data packet group according to the scheduling policy of the data packet group, specifically including: being configured to send the data packet group according to the scheduling policies respectively corresponding to the multiple time periods .
  • the second characteristic information includes a data packet group sending interval, and the data packet group sending interval is used to indicate the sending time between two adjacent data packet groups of the service data stream Interval; the access network device is also used to schedule the transmission resources of the data packet group according to the transmission interval of the data packet group.
  • the access network device is configured to schedule transmission resources of the data packet group according to the data packet group transmission interval, which specifically includes: according to the data packet group transmission interval , Receiving channel state information CSI from the terminal equipment; determining the sending timing of the data packet group and the subcarrier used to send the data packet group according to the status information of one or more subcarriers indicated by the CSI;
  • the network access device is configured to send the data packet group according to the second characteristic information, specifically including: sending the data packet group according to the sending timing of the data packet group and the subcarrier used to send the data packet group The data packet group.
  • the second characteristic information further includes the pulse peak rate and pulse interval corresponding to the data packet group, and the pulse interval is the interval between two adjacent pulses corresponding to the data packet group.
  • the transmission time interval; the access network device is used to determine the transmission timing of the data packet group and the subcarrier used to transmit the data packet group according to the status information of one or more subcarriers indicated by the CSI , Specifically including: determining the quality requirements and capacity requirements of the subcarriers for sending the data packet group according to the state information of one or more subcarriers indicated by the CSI, the pulse peak rate, and the pulse interval; According to the quality requirements and capacity requirements of the sub-carriers for sending the data packet group, the sending timing of the data packet group and the sub-carriers used to send the data packet group are determined.
  • the access network device is configured to receive CSI from a terminal device according to the packet group sending interval, specifically including: being configured to send configuration information to the terminal device, the configuration
  • the information includes indication information and the data packet group sending interval.
  • the indication information is used to indicate that the terminal device reports the CSI in the same period as the data packet group sending interval; and is used to receive the CSI from the terminal device.
  • the indication information is also used to instruct the terminal device to report the CSI for the first time period before the arrival of the data packet group.
  • the access network device is configured to receive CSI from a terminal device according to the data packet group transmission interval, which specifically includes: is configured to determine the data packet group transmission interval according to the data packet group transmission interval.
  • the second characteristic information includes a sending time window of the data packet group, and the sending time window of the data packet group is used to indicate the maximum sending time for sending the data packet group;
  • the access network device is configured to send the data packet group according to the characteristic information, specifically including: when the first data packet of the data packet group fails to be transmitted initially, according to the sending time window of the data packet group, Determine the remaining transmission time of the data packet group; when the retransmission time of the first data packet is greater than the remaining transmission time of the data packet group, discard the first data packet.
  • the second characteristic information comes from an application server; or, the second characteristic information comes from a database, and the second characteristic information in the database comes from an application server; or, the first characteristic information is from an application server.
  • the second feature information comes from a session management network element, and the second feature information in the session management network element comes from an application server.
  • the session management network element is configured to receive the first characteristic information from a database or an application server; and send the first characteristic information to the user plane network element.
  • the session management network element is configured to receive the second characteristic information from a database or an application server; and send the second characteristic information to the user plane network element.
  • the system shown in Figure 1 can be used in the fifth generation (5G) network architecture shown in Figure 2(a) or Figure 2(b). Of course, it can also be used in future network architectures, such as the sixth generation. (6th generation, 6G) network architecture, etc. This application is not limited.
  • FIG. 2(a) it is a schematic diagram of a 5G network architecture based on a service-oriented architecture.
  • the network element or entity corresponding to the user plane network element in Figure 1 may be the user plane function (UPF) network element in the 5G network architecture shown in Figure 2(a), and the access network in Figure 1
  • the network element or entity corresponding to the device may be a radio access network (RAN) device in the 5G network architecture shown in FIG. 2(a).
  • RAN radio access network
  • the network element or entity corresponding to the session management network element in FIG. 1 may be a session management function (SMF) network element in the 5G network architecture shown in FIG. 2(a).
  • SMF session management function
  • the 5G network architecture shown in Figure 2(a) may include three parts, namely a terminal equipment part, a data network (DN), and an operator network part.
  • DN data network
  • operator network part The functions of some of the network elements are briefly introduced below.
  • the operator network may include one or more of the following network elements: Authentication Server Function (AUSF) network elements, network exposure function (NEF) network elements, and policy control functions (Policy Control). Function, PCF) network element, unified data management (UDM), unified database (Unified Data Repository, UDR), network storage function (Network Repository Function, NRF) network element, application function (AF) network Element, Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) network element, SMF network element, RAN, UPF network element, etc.
  • AUSF Authentication Server Function
  • NEF network exposure function
  • Policy Control Policy Control
  • Function Policy Control
  • PCF Policy Control
  • PCF Policy Control
  • UDM unified data management
  • UDR Unified Data Repository
  • NRF Network Repository Function
  • AF application function
  • AMF Access and Mobility Management Function
  • the terminal device in the embodiment of the present application may be a device used to implement a wireless communication function.
  • the terminal equipment may be a user equipment (UE), an access terminal, a terminal unit, a terminal station, a mobile station, a mobile station in a 5G network or a public land mobile network (PLMN) that will evolve in the future.
  • UE user equipment
  • PLMN public land mobile network
  • the access terminal can be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), with wireless communication Functional handheld devices, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, vehicle-mounted devices or wearable devices, virtual reality (VR) terminal devices, augmented reality (AR) terminal devices, industrial control (industrial) Wireless terminal in control), wireless terminal in self-driving (self-driving), wireless terminal in remote medical, wireless terminal in smart grid, wireless terminal in transportation safety (transportation safety) Terminals, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, etc.
  • the terminal can be mobile or fixed.
  • the above-mentioned terminal equipment can establish a connection with the operator's network through an interface (such as N1, etc.) provided by the operator's network, and use services such as data and/or voice provided by the operator's network.
  • the terminal device can also access the DN through the operator's network, and use the operator's service deployed on the DN and/or the service provided by a third party.
  • the aforementioned third party may be a service party other than the operator's network and terminal equipment, and may provide other data and/or voice services for the terminal equipment.
  • the specific form of expression of the above-mentioned third party can be determined according to actual application scenarios, and is not limited here.
  • RAN is a sub-network of an operator's network, and an implementation system between service nodes and terminal equipment in the operator's network.
  • the terminal device To access the operator's network, the terminal device first passes through the RAN, and then can be connected to the service node of the operator's network through the RAN.
  • the RAN device in this application is a device that provides wireless communication functions for terminal devices, and the RAN device is also called an access network device.
  • the RAN equipment in this application includes, but is not limited to: next-generation base stations (gnodeB, gNB) in 5G, evolved node B (evolved node B, eNB), radio network controller (RNC), node B (node B, NB), base station controller (base station controller, BSC), base transceiver station (base transceiver station, BTS), home base station (for example, home evolved nodeB, or home node B, HNB), baseband unit (baseBand) unit, BBU), transmission point (transmitting and receiving point, TRP), transmission point (transmitting point, TP), mobile switching center, etc.
  • next-generation base stations evolved node B, eNB
  • RNC radio network controller
  • node B node B
  • base station controller base station controller
  • BTS base transceiver station
  • home base station for example, home evolved nodeB, or home node B, HNB
  • TRP
  • the AMF network element mainly performs functions such as mobility management, access authentication or authorization. In addition, it is also responsible for transferring user policies between UE and PCF.
  • the SMF network element mainly performs functions such as session management, execution of control policies issued by PCF, selection of UPF, and UE Internet Protocol (IP) address allocation.
  • functions such as session management, execution of control policies issued by PCF, selection of UPF, and UE Internet Protocol (IP) address allocation.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • UPF network element as the interface UPF with the data network, completes the functions of user plane data forwarding, session/stream-based billing statistics, and bandwidth limitation.
  • the UDM network element is mainly responsible for functions such as management of contract data and user access authorization.
  • UDR is mainly responsible for the access function of contract data, strategy data, application data and other types of data.
  • NEF network elements are mainly used to support the opening of capabilities and events.
  • the AF network element mainly conveys the requirements of the application side to the network side, for example, quality of service (QoS) requirements or user status event subscriptions.
  • the AF can be a third-party functional entity, or an application service deployed by an operator, such as an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) voice call service.
  • IMS IP Multimedia Subsystem
  • the AF network element may also be referred to as an application server.
  • the PCF network element is mainly responsible for policy control functions such as charging, QoS bandwidth guarantee and mobility management, and UE policy decision-making for the session and service data flow level.
  • NRF network element can be used to provide network element discovery function, based on the request of other network elements, provide network element information corresponding to the network element type.
  • NRF also provides network element management services, such as network element registration, update, de-registration, and network element status subscription and push.
  • AUSF network element Mainly responsible for authenticating users to determine whether users or devices are allowed to access the network.
  • a DN is a network located outside the operator's network.
  • the operator's network can be connected to multiple DNs.
  • a variety of services can be deployed on the DN to provide data and/or voice services to terminal devices.
  • DN is the private network of a smart factory.
  • the sensors installed in the workshop of the smart factory can be terminal devices.
  • the control server of the sensor is deployed in the DN, and the control server can provide services for the sensors.
  • the sensor can communicate with the control server, obtain instructions from the control server, and transmit the collected sensor data to the control server according to the instructions.
  • the DN is the internal office network of a company.
  • the mobile phones or computers of the employees of the company can be terminal devices, and the mobile phones or computers of the employees can access the information and data resources on the internal office network of the company.
  • Nausf, Nnef, Npcf, Nudm, Naf, Namf, Nsmf, N1, N2, N3, N4, and N6 are interface serial numbers.
  • the meaning of these interface serial numbers can refer to the meaning defined in the 3GPP standard protocol, which is not limited here.
  • FIG. 2(b) it is a schematic diagram of a 5G network architecture based on a point-to-point interface.
  • the network element or entity corresponding to the user plane network element in Figure 1 can be the UPF network element in the 5G network architecture shown in Figure 2(b), and the network element or entity corresponding to the access network device in Figure 1 can be It is the RAN device in the 5G network architecture shown in Figure 2(b).
  • the network element or entity corresponding to the session management network element in FIG. 1 may be the SMF network element in the 5G network architecture shown in FIG. 2(b).
  • Fig. 2(b) For the introduction of the function of the network element in Fig. 2(b), reference may be made to the introduction of the function of the corresponding network element in Fig. 2(a), which will not be repeated.
  • the main difference between Fig. 2(b) and Fig. 2(a) is that the interface between the various network elements in Fig. 2(b) is a point-to-point interface, not a service-oriented interface.
  • N7 The interface between PCF and SMF, used to issue protocol data unit (protocol data unit, PDU) session granularity and service data flow granularity control strategy.
  • protocol data unit protocol data unit
  • N15 The interface between PCF and AMF, used to issue UE policies and access control related policies.
  • N5 The interface between AF and PCF, used for application service request issuance and network event reporting.
  • N4 The interface between SMF and UPF, used to transfer information between the control plane and the user plane, including controlling the issuance of user-oriented forwarding rules, QoS control rules, traffic statistics rules, etc., and user-plane information Reported.
  • N11 The interface between SMF and AMF, used to transfer PDU session tunnel information between RAN and UPF, transfer control messages sent to UE, transfer radio resource control information sent to RAN, etc.
  • N2 The interface between AMF and RAN, used to transfer radio bearer control information from the core network side to the RAN.
  • N1 The interface between the AMF and the UE, which has nothing to do with access, and is used to transfer QoS control rules to the UE.
  • N8 The interface between AMF and UDM, used for AMF to obtain access and mobility management related subscription data and authentication data from UDM, and AMF to register UE current mobility management related information with UDM, etc.
  • N10 Interface between SMF and UDM, used for SMF to obtain session management related subscription data from UDM, and SMF to register UE current session related information with UDM, etc.
  • N35 The interface between UDM and UDR, used for UDM to obtain user subscription data information from UDR.
  • N36 Interface between PCF and UDR, used for PCF to obtain policy-related contract data and application data-related information from UDR.
  • N12 The interface between AMF and AUSF, used for AMF to initiate an authentication process to AUSF, which can carry SUCI as a contract identifier;
  • N13 The interface between UDM and AUSF, used for AUSF to obtain user authentication vector from UDM to execute the authentication process.
  • the foregoing network elements or functions may be network elements in hardware devices, software functions running on dedicated hardware, or virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (for example, a cloud platform).
  • a platform for example, a cloud platform.
  • the foregoing network element or function may be implemented by one device, or jointly implemented by multiple devices, or may be a functional module in one device, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the session management network element, policy control network element, user plane network element, and access network equipment in this application can be SMF, PCF, UPF, RAN in Figure 2(a) or Figure 2(b) respectively, or they can be In future communications, such as 6G networks, network elements with the above-mentioned SMF, PCF, UPF, and RAN functions are not limited in this application.
  • this application uses the above-mentioned SMF, PCF, UPF, and RAN as examples for the session management network element, policy control network element, user plane network element, and access network equipment respectively.
  • the UPF when the UPF receives a downlink data packet, the UPF will filter the data packets with the same reliability requirements ( packets) are encapsulated into the same QoS flow (QoS flow).
  • QoS flow Multiple QoS flows may exist in the same PDU session (PDU session), but each QoS flow has an independent and unique QoS flow identifier (QFI), and each QoS flow is associated with a QoS profile ( QoS profile).
  • QFI QoS flow identifier
  • QoS profile QoS profile
  • the network side will use the same QoS guarantee for data packets belonging to the same QoS flow according to the parameters in the QoS profile, such as delay, forwarding priority, packet loss rate, and so on.
  • the RAN When the RAN receives the downlink QoS flow from the UPF, the RAN encapsulates several QoS flows into the same data radio bearer (DRB) according to certain mapping rules (the standard does not currently define detailed rules). A DRB will enjoy the same air interface side reliability guarantee.
  • DRB data radio bearer
  • the real-time requirements for data transmission are relatively high, that is, a certain amount of data is required to be sent within a short transmission time window.
  • how to implement reasonable control of the data that needs to be sent to improve the efficiency of data transmission is a problem that needs to be solved urgently.
  • the issue of data transmission efficiency mainly includes:
  • the scheduling delays that can be sent for different data packets in the data packet group are different, and the scheduling space of the first data packet in the data packet group is closer than that of the data packet group.
  • the subsequent data packet has a large scheduling space, which results in a greater probability of packet loss for the subsequent data packets of the data packet group.
  • the data when the first data packet in a data packet group fails to be sent, the data can be retransmitted.
  • the later data packet in a data packet group fails to be sent since the sending time window of the data packet group is close to the end and the remaining transmission time is short, the data that failed to be sent may not be retransmitted.
  • the transmission time of the later data packets in a data packet group is compressed, which causes more data packet loss problems.
  • the current data packet transmission is based on QoS Flow.
  • the data packets in the same QoS Flow may come from multiple service data flows or different data packet groups from the same service data flow, which makes the receiving side unable to distinguish
  • the association relationship between different data packets in a QoS Flow affects the receiving efficiency of the receiving side.
  • the service data flow information includes one of the application identification (Application ID, App ID), the identification information of the service data flow, the QoS requirements of the service data flow, the characteristic information of the service data flow (Traffic model), or Multiple.
  • the application identifier is used to identify a specific service, for example, it may be a set character.
  • the identification information of the service data stream includes but is not limited to one or more of the following information: IP triples, Uniform Resource Locator (URL).
  • IP triplet refers to the IP address, port number, and protocol number of the application server (ie, AF).
  • the QoS requirements of the service data stream include but are not limited to one or more of the following information: bitrate, packet error rate (PER), and delay (delay).
  • the characteristic information of the service data flow is used to describe the characteristic of the service data flow.
  • the characteristic information of the service data stream includes but is not limited to one or more of the following information:
  • the first packet data feature can be the set first packet size, so that the receiving side can recognize that a data packet is the first packet of a data packet group based on the set first packet size, that is, identify the first packet of a data packet group Starting position.
  • the characteristic of the first packet data is: the size of the first packet is x, and when the receiving side receives a data packet of size x, it is determined that the data packet is the first packet of a data packet group.
  • the data characteristic of the tail packet can be the set tail packet size, so that the receiving side can recognize that a data packet is the tail packet of a data packet group based on the set tail packet size, that is, identify the end packet of a data packet group End position.
  • the characteristic of the tail packet data is: the size of the tail packet is y, and when the receiving side receives a data packet of size y, it is determined that the data packet is the tail packet of a data packet group.
  • the data characteristic of the tail packet can also be the size of two consecutive data packets set, so that after receiving two consecutive data packets of the set size, the receiving side determines the second of the two consecutive data packets
  • the data packet is the last packet of the data packet group, that is, the end position of a data packet group is identified.
  • the data characteristic of the tail packet is that the size of two consecutive data packets is z, and when the receiving side continuously receives two data packets of both size z, it is determined that the second data packet of the two consecutive data packets is The last packet of a packet group.
  • the sending time window of a data packet group specifies the maximum time for sending a data packet in a data packet group. Or it can be understood that a data packet of a data packet group needs to be sent within a sending time window. If the sending time window is exceeded, the data packet of the data packet group cannot be sent, that is, the data packet needs to be discarded.
  • the packet group sending interval refers to the sending interval between two data packet groups. That is, the time interval between the first packet of one data packet group and the first packet of the next data packet group. Or it can be understood that the data packet group sending interval is used to indicate the sending time interval between two adjacent data packet groups of the service data stream.
  • a data packet group When a data packet group transmits a large amount of data, a data packet group can be sent multiple times, that is, sent through multiple pulses.
  • the number of pulses corresponding to the data packet group is the number of times a data packet group is sent, or the number of pulses used to send the data packet group.
  • the pulse peak rate corresponding to the data packet group transmission rate* 4/1000ms.
  • the pulse peak rate corresponding to the data packet group 0.48Mb/ms.
  • a data group packet can be sent multiple times, that is, sent by multiple pulses, and a certain time interval, that is, a pulse interval, is required between the two pulses. That is, the pulse interval is the transmission time interval between two adjacent pulses corresponding to the data packet group.
  • a data packet group of a service data stream may be a group of data packets corresponding to a video frame of a media service, or may also be a group of data packets generated by a tactile and motion sensing operation.
  • the cloud server renders and encodes the corresponding VR video based on the perception data of the user's head movement and the user's perspective, and then sends the encoded video to the VR terminal through the 5G network .
  • FIG 3 it is a schematic diagram of a traffic model of a burst-type service data flow in Cloud VR.
  • a "video frame” corresponds to a "data packet group”.
  • the video stream sent by the cloud server to the VR terminal is in the form of pulses, each pulse wave is a video frame, and each video frame has about 150 data packets.
  • TCP send rate (SendSpeed)
  • a video frame can be sent in multiple pulses.
  • the pulse interval between two pulses is 4ms.
  • bitrate is the bit rate
  • FPS is the frame rate
  • SendSpeed is the sending rate
  • the characteristic information of the service data stream includes but is not limited to one or more of the following information:
  • 1) to 4) are the same as 1) to 4) in the feature information of the aforementioned burst-type service data stream.
  • the service data flow rate is an average sending rate.
  • FIG. 4 it is a schematic diagram of a traffic model of a service data flow of an average rate.
  • the video frame sending interval 16.7ms
  • the sending time window of the video frame 8.3ms
  • the service data stream rate 0.3Mb/ms.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method. As shown in Figure 5, the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 501 UPF receives first characteristic information of the service data stream, where the first characteristic information is used to describe the characteristic of the service data stream.
  • the UPF may receive the first characteristic information of the service data stream from the SMF, and the first characteristic information in the SMF may come from a database (such as UDR), NEF, or application server.
  • the UPF may receive the first characteristic information of the service data stream from a database (such as UDR), and the first characteristic information in the database may come from an application server or the like.
  • the UPF may receive the first characteristic information of the service data stream from the application server.
  • the first characteristic information includes but is not limited to one or more of the following: the first packet data characteristic of the data packet group, the last packet data characteristic of the data packet group, and the data packet The sending time window of the group, the sending interval of the data packet group, the number of pulses corresponding to the data packet group, the peak pulse rate corresponding to the data packet group, and the pulse interval.
  • the first characteristic information includes but is not limited to one or more of the following: the first packet data characteristic of the data packet group, the last packet data characteristic of the data packet group, and the data packet The sending time window of the group, the sending interval of the data packet group, and the service data flow rate.
  • Step 502 The RAN receives second characteristic information of the service data stream, where the second characteristic information is used to describe the characteristic of the service data stream.
  • the RAN may receive the second characteristic information of the service data stream from the SMF, and the second characteristic information in the SMF may come from a database (such as UDR), NEF, or application server.
  • the RAN may receive the second characteristic information of the service data stream from a database (such as UDR), and the second characteristic information in the database may come from an application server or the like.
  • the RAN may receive the second characteristic information of the service data stream from the application server.
  • the second characteristic information includes but is not limited to one or more of the following: the first packet data characteristic of the data packet group, the last packet data characteristic of the data packet group, and the data packet The sending time window of the group, the sending interval of the data packet group, the number of pulses corresponding to the data packet group, the peak pulse rate corresponding to the data packet group, and the pulse interval.
  • the second characteristic information includes but is not limited to one or more of the following: the first packet data characteristic of the data packet group, the last packet data characteristic of the data packet group, and the data packet The sending time window of the group, the sending interval of the data packet group, and the service data flow rate.
  • Step 503 The UPF identifies the data packet group in the service data stream according to the first characteristic information of the service data stream.
  • the service data stream is sent to the UPF in the form of a data packet group.
  • UPF can identify each data packet group in the service data stream according to the following methods:
  • Method 1 UPF identifies the first packet of the data packet group according to the data characteristics of the first packet, and the last packet of the data packet group according to the data characteristics of the tail packet.
  • the UPF can identify each of the first packet data characteristics and the last packet data characteristic of the service data flow.
  • the first packet and the last packet of the data packet group The first packet, the last packet, and the data packets between the first packet and the last packet belong to the same data packet group, so UPF can identify each data packet group.
  • Method 2 UPF identifies the data packet group of the service data flow according to the packet group sending interval.
  • the UPF can identify the first data packet group of the service data flow according to the above method 1, and for the data packets after the first data packet group Groups can be identified using the first method mentioned above, or the second method can also be used for identifying.
  • the UPF after the UPF identifies each data packet group of the service data flow, it can add the same data packet group identifier to each data packet in the same data packet group. For example, add a data packet group identifier K to the header of each data packet of the Nth data packet group, and add a data packet group identifier K+1 to the header of each data packet of the N+1th data packet group. A data packet group identifier K+2 is added to the header of each data packet of the N+2th data packet group, and so on. After the data packets belonging to the same data packet group are marked with the same data packet group identifier, the RAN may identify the data packet group based on the data packet group identifier. Based on this implementation method, the above-mentioned problem 4) can be solved, thereby improving the data transmission efficiency.
  • the UPF before or after the UPF adds the same data packet group identifier to the data packets of the data packet group, the UPF can also perform the scheduling processing of the array packet group according to the first characteristic information according to actual needs. Traffic shaping is performed on the received business data stream.
  • the UPF can be based on the number of pulses corresponding to the data packet group and the data packet group corresponding Pulse peak rate and pulse interval, reduce the pulse peak rate corresponding to the data packet group, so that the pulse peak rate corresponding to the reduced data packet group does not exceed the pre-configured maximum pulse peak rate, and the maximum pulse peak rate is that of a single service data stream Maximum pulse peak rate, or the maximum peak pulse rate of multiple service data streams.
  • the UPF can reduce the pulse peak rate corresponding to the data packet group according to the pulse peak rate and pulse interval corresponding to the data packet group. , So that the pulse peak rate corresponding to the reduced data packet group does not exceed the pre-configured maximum pulse peak rate.
  • the maximum pulse peak rate is the maximum pulse peak rate of a single service data stream or the aggregate maximum pulse peak rate of multiple service data streams .
  • the maximum pulse peak rate may be the UPF received from the session management network element. Based on this implementation method, the above-mentioned problem 3) can be solved, thereby improving the data transmission efficiency.
  • FIG. 6 it is a schematic diagram of traffic shaping for a single burst-type service data flow.
  • the method of traffic shaping is mainly to reduce the transmission rate by increasing the transmission delay, so that the pulse of the data packet group is lower than the pre-configured maximum pulse peak rate. It can be seen that before traffic shaping, the pulse peak rate of two pulses of a data packet group exceeds the pre-configured maximum pulse peak rate, which is the maximum pulse peak rate of a single service data stream. After traffic shaping, the pulse peak rate of two pulses of a packet group is lower than the pre-configured maximum pulse peak rate.
  • the method of traffic shaping is mainly to reduce the transmission rate of a single service data stream by increasing the transmission delay of a single service data stream, and/or to send the pulses of the two service data streams in a staggered manner, so that two The pulse peak rate of the aggregated traffic of the service data stream is lower than the pre-configured maximum pulse peak rate, and the maximum pulse peak rate is the aggregated maximum pulse peak rate of multiple service data streams.
  • the pulses of the two data group packets are superimposed on the peak value, and the pulse peak rate of the aggregated traffic of the data packet groups of the two service data streams is higher than the pre-configured maximum pulse peak rate.
  • the pulses of the two data group packets are staggered at the peak value, and the pulse peak rate of the aggregated traffic of the data packet groups of the two service data streams is lower than the pre-configured maximum pulse peak rate.
  • the method for traffic shaping for three or more burst-type service data streams is similar to the method for traffic shaping for the two burst-type service data streams, and will not be repeated here.
  • the traffic shaping method can be: when the first characteristic information received by the UPF includes service data Flow rate, UPF can reduce the service data flow rate corresponding to the data packet group according to the service data flow rate, so that the service data flow rate corresponding to the reduced data packet group does not exceed the pre-configured maximum service data flow rate.
  • the flow rate rate is the maximum service data flow rate of a single service data flow, or the maximum service data flow rate of the aggregation of multiple service data flows.
  • the maximum service data flow rate may be the UPF received from the session management network element.
  • the UPF can tag the data packet group (that is, add a data packet group identifier) and/or perform traffic shaping, and send the tagged and/or traffic shaping data packet group to the RAN.
  • step 504 the UPF sends the data packet group to the RAN. Accordingly, the RAN can receive the data packet group.
  • Step 505 The RAN identifies the data packet group of the service data flow.
  • the RAN When the UPF sends a service data stream to the RAN in the form of a data packet group, the RAN also needs to identify the data packet group of the service data stream.
  • the RAN can identify each data packet group in the service data stream according to the following methods:
  • Method 1 RAN identifies each data packet group according to the data packet group identifier.
  • the RAN can identify each data according to the data packet group identifier Package group.
  • Method 2 The RAN identifies the data packet group of the service data flow according to the data packet group sending interval.
  • the RAN can identify the first data packet group of the service data flow according to the above method 1, and for the data packets after the first data packet group Groups can be identified using the first method mentioned above, or the second method can also be used for identifying.
  • Step 506 The RAN sends the data packet group according to the second characteristic information.
  • the RAN may determine the scheduling policy of the data packet group according to the second characteristic information, and then send the data packet group according to the scheduling policy of the data packet group .
  • the RAN determines the scheduling policy of the data packet group according to the second characteristic information, including: the RAN determines that the sending time window of the data packet group corresponds to Multiple time periods of, and multiple time periods corresponding to the scheduling strategy, wherein the scheduling strategy corresponding to the time period later in time indicates a sending rate higher than the scheduling strategy corresponding to the time period earlier in time
  • the indicated sending rate, that the RAN sends the data packet group according to the scheduling policy of the data packet group includes: the RAN sends the data packet group according to the scheduling policies respectively corresponding to multiple time periods.
  • the sending rate of data packets at a later time position of the sending time window of the data packet group can be accelerated, so that a data packet group can be sent within one time window, thereby helping to avoid the problem of packet loss.
  • the transmission time window of the data packet group is divided into two time periods, in which the Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS)-16 is used in the earlier time period, and the later time in time MSC-24 etc. are used in the segment.
  • MCS Modulation and Coding Scheme
  • the RAN when the RAN sends a data packet group to a terminal device, when the second characteristic information received by the RAN includes the sending time window of the data packet group, then when the first data packet of the data packet group fails to be transmitted initially, then The RAN determines the remaining transmission time of the data packet group according to the transmission time window of the data packet group. When the retransmission time of the first data packet is greater than the remaining transmission time of the data packet group, the RAN discards the first data packet. Based on this implementation method, the above-mentioned problem 2) can be solved, thereby improving the data transmission efficiency.
  • the RAN when the RAN sends a data packet group to a terminal device, it can also schedule the transmission resources of the data packet group according to the interval of sending the data packet group. For example, the RAN may predetermine the transmission timing and subcarriers for sending the data packet group, and then send the data packet group to the terminal device according to the transmission timing of the data packet group and the subcarrier used to send the data packet group. For example, the RAN can receive channel state information (Channel State Information, CSI) from the terminal device according to the packet group transmission interval, and then determine the transmission timing and use of the packet group according to the state information of one or more subcarriers indicated by the CSI. The subcarrier of the packet group to be sent.
  • CSI Channel State Information
  • the RAN can determine to send the data packet according to the state information, pulse peak rate and pulse interval of one or more subcarriers indicated by the CSI Group the quality requirements and capacity requirements of the subcarriers, and then determine the transmission timing of the data packet group and the subcarriers used to send the data packet group according to the quality requirements and capacity requirements of the transmission data packet group on the subcarriers.
  • the RAN may receive the CSI from the terminal device according to the packet group sending interval, including but not limited to the following method 1 to method 3.
  • Method 1 The RAN sends configuration information to the terminal device.
  • the configuration information includes indication information and a packet group sending interval.
  • the indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to report the CSI in the same period as the packet group sending interval; the RAN receives CSI from the terminal device.
  • the RAN instructs the terminal device to report CSI to the RAN periodically, and the period of reporting CSI is equal to the packet group sending interval.
  • Method 2 The RAN sends configuration information to the terminal device.
  • the configuration information includes indication information and the packet group sending interval.
  • the indication information is used to indicate the terminal device to report the CSI in the same period as the packet group sending interval and to instruct the terminal device to arrive in the data packet group. Report CSI for the first time period before; RAN receives CSI from terminal equipment.
  • the RAN instructs the terminal device to report CSI to the RAN periodically, and the period of reporting CSI is equal to the packet group sending interval. And each time the terminal device reports the CSI, it is a first period of time earlier than the data packet group received from the RAN. Therefore, the RAN can determine the transmission timing and subcarriers occupied by the data packet group to be transmitted next based on the received CSI.
  • Method 3 RAN determines the arrival time of the data packet group according to the packet group sending interval; the RAN sends downlink control information (DCI) to the terminal device for the second time before the arrival of the data packet group to instruct the terminal
  • DCI downlink control information
  • the device reports CSI; the RAN receives CSI from the terminal device.
  • the RAN sends DCI to the terminal device at the second time period before receiving a packet group from the UPF to instruct the terminal device to report CSI, so that the RAN can determine what to send next based on the received CSI
  • the transmission timing and sub-carrier occupied by the data packet group The transmission timing and sub-carrier occupied by the data packet group.
  • the data packet group of the service data stream can be identified based on the characteristic information of the service data stream obtained in advance, or the service data stream can be sent according to the characteristic information of the service data stream, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the service data stream.
  • UPF can also add the same data packet group identifier to the data packets of the same data packet group, and can also implement traffic shaping, reducing the pressure on network transmission by high-speed services, thereby further achieving data transmission efficiency .
  • the RAN can implement different scheduling strategies for different time periods of the same sending time window to ensure that a data packet group can be sent within one sending time window, ensuring reliable transmission of service data streams.
  • FIG. 5 As an example, the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 will be described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
  • FIG. 8 it is a schematic diagram of another communication method provided in an application embodiment.
  • This method provides the configuration process of the service data flow information.
  • the AF provides the service data flow information to the network through the NEF.
  • the service data flow information includes at least one of the identification of the application, the identification information of the service data flow, the QoS requirement of the service data flow, or the characteristic information of the service data flow. For specific description, refer to the foregoing description.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 801 AF sends a first request to NEF.
  • NEF can receive the first request.
  • the first request carries newly added service data flow information or updated service data flow information.
  • the AF when the AF is preparing to add new service data flow information, the AF sends a first request to the NEF.
  • the first request may be a service data flow creation request, for example, it may be PFDManagement_Create Request, a service data flow creation request. Carry new service data flow information.
  • the AF when the AF prepares to update the existing service data flow information, the AF sends a first request to the NEF.
  • the first request may be a service data flow update request, for example, it may be PFDManagement_Update Request, the service data flow
  • the update request carries updated service data flow information.
  • step 802 the NEF updates the service data flow information stored on the NEF.
  • NEF first judges whether to allow the first request, and if allowed, updates the service data flow information stored on NEF. For example, if the first request carries newly added service data flow information, the NEF updates the service data flow information stored on the NEF according to the newly added service data flow information. For another example, if the first request carries updated service data flow information, NEF updates the service data flow information stored on NEF according to the updated service data flow information.
  • Step 803 NEF sends a first response to AF. Accordingly, the AF can receive the first response.
  • the first response is used to notify the AF that the request processing is successful.
  • the NEF determines that the first request is not allowed in the above step 802, or the NEF fails to update the service data flow information, the first response is used to notify the AF that the request processing failed.
  • the first response may specifically be a service data flow creation response or a service data flow update response.
  • Step 804 NEF sends a second request to UDR. Accordingly, the UDR can receive the second request.
  • the second request carries newly added service data flow information or updated service data flow information.
  • NEF when NEF prepares to add new service data flow information, NEF sends a second request to UDR.
  • the second request may be a data management creation request (DM_Create Request), and the data management creation request carries the newly added service.
  • Data flow information when NEF prepares to add new service data flow information, NEF sends a second request to UDR.
  • the second request may be a data management creation request (DM_Create Request), and the data management creation request carries the newly added service.
  • DM_Create Request data management creation request
  • NEF when NEF is preparing to update the existing service data flow information, NEF sends a second request to UDR.
  • the second request may be a data management update request (DM_Update Request).
  • the data management update request carries updated information Business data flow information.
  • step 805 the UDR updates the service data flow information stored on the UDR.
  • the UDR updates the service data flow information stored on the UDR according to the newly added service data flow information. For another example, if the second request carries updated service data flow information, the UDR updates the service data flow information stored on the UDR according to the updated service data flow information.
  • Step 806 UDR sends a second response to NEF.
  • NEF can receive the second response.
  • the second response is used to notify NEF that the request processing is successful.
  • the second response is used to notify the NEF that the request processing failed.
  • the second response may specifically be a data management creation response (DM_Create Response) or a data management update response (DM_Update Response).
  • step 807 the SMF determines that it needs to obtain service data flow information.
  • a timer is set on the SMF, and the SMF is triggered to obtain service data flow information every time the set duration is reached.
  • the SMF determines that it needs to obtain service data flow information, which may be to determine that it needs to obtain newly added service data flow information, or it is determined that it needs to obtain updated service data flow information.
  • Step 808 SMF sends a third request to NEF.
  • NEF can receive the third request.
  • the third request is used to request to obtain service data flow information.
  • the third request may be PFDManagement_Fetch Request.
  • Step 809 NEF sends a third response to SMF. Accordingly, the SMF can receive the third response.
  • the third response carries newly added service data flow information or updated service data flow information.
  • the third response may be PFDManagement_Fetch Response.
  • the SMF After the SMF receives the newly added service data flow information or the updated service data flow information, it saves the newly added service data flow information or the updated service data flow information on the SMF.
  • the SMF actively requests the NEF to obtain the service data flow information.
  • it can also be the NEF after the newly added service data flow information or the updated service data flow information is received.
  • SMF may also actively request UDR to obtain service data flow information.
  • Step 810 The SMF sends a fourth request to the UPF. Accordingly, the UPF can receive the fourth request.
  • the fourth request carries the identification information of the newly added service data flow or the identification information of the updated service data flow.
  • the fourth request may be PFD Management Request.
  • UPF can perform data flow detection according to the identification information of the newly added service data flow or the identification information of the updated service data flow to identify the new service data flow.
  • the AF provides newly added service data flow information or updated service data flow information, and is updated to NEF, UDR, and SMF in the network.
  • it may be updated to only one or more of the NEF, UDR, and SMF in the network, or it may also be updated to other network elements in the network, such as AMF, PCF, and so on.
  • the identification information of the service data stream in the service data stream information is also updated to the UPF, so that the UPF can start to detect a new service data stream.
  • the network can obtain and configure the specified service data flow information, so that the corresponding service data flow can be detected, and the data flow can be subsequently transmitted based on the service data flow information.
  • the prior art does not support providing service data flow information to the network.
  • FIG. 9 it is a schematic diagram of another communication method provided in an application embodiment. This method provides the configuration process of the characteristic information of the business data stream.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 901 The application in the terminal device establishes a service data flow connection of the application with the AF.
  • the IP triplet or URL of the service data stream is consistent with the IP triplet or URL in the service data stream information provided by the AF to the network in advance.
  • AF provides service data flow information to the network according to the method of the embodiment in FIG. 8, then the IP triplet or URL of the service data flow in step 901 is the same as the IP triplet in the service data flow information of the embodiment in FIG. Keep the group or URL consistent.
  • Step 902 UPF performs packet inspection according to the configured packet inspection rules, and when it detects that there is a service data flow corresponding to the specified service, it sends an event report to the PCF, and the event report carries the detected packet flow description (PFD) logo.
  • PFD packet flow description
  • the UPF can use the IP triplet or URL in the service data flow information as the packet detection rule Parameters to perform packet inspection.
  • Step 903 The PCF sends a Policy and Charging Control (PCC) rule to the SMF.
  • PCC Policy and Charging Control
  • SMF can receive PCC rules.
  • the PCF can first obtain service data flow information from network elements such as UDR or SMF, and then generate PCC rules based on the service data flow information.
  • PCF provides to generate a PCC rule for each service data stream, and then the PCF sends the PCC rule to the SMF.
  • Each PCC rule includes the identification of the application, the identification information of the service data flow, the characteristic information of the service data flow, and the shaping strategy of the service data flow.
  • the shaping strategy includes the maximum pulse peak rate or the maximum service data flow rate.
  • the PCF can send an SMF initiated SM_Policy Association Modefication Request to the SMF, which carries PCC rules.
  • Step 904 The SMF sends configuration information of at least one service data stream to the UPF.
  • the UPF can receive the configuration information of at least one service data stream.
  • Each service data stream corresponds to a piece of configuration information
  • the configuration information includes the identification of the application, the identification information of the service data stream, the characteristic information of the service data stream, and the shaping strategy of the service data stream.
  • the feature information of the service data stream may also be referred to as the first feature information of the service data stream.
  • the first characteristic information of the service data stream For the content contained in the first characteristic information of the service data stream, reference may be made to the related description of the embodiment in FIG. 5, which will not be repeated here.
  • SMF can send configuration information of multiple data streams to UPF through N4 messages (such as N4 PDU Establishment Modification Request, or N4 PDU Session Modification Request).
  • N4 messages such as N4 PDU Establishment Modification Request, or N4 PDU Session Modification Request.
  • the specific implementation method for the UPF to identify the service data stream or to shape the service data stream according to the first characteristic information of the service data stream may refer to the related description of the embodiment in FIG. 5, and will not be repeated.
  • Step 905 The SMF sends the configuration information of at least one service data stream to the RAN through the AMF.
  • the RAN can receive the configuration information of at least one service data stream.
  • Each service data flow corresponds to a piece of configuration information
  • the configuration information includes the identification of the application, the identification information of the service data flow, and the characteristic information of the service data flow.
  • the feature information of the service data stream may also be referred to as the second feature information of the service data stream.
  • the second characteristic information of the service data stream For the content contained in the second characteristic information of the service data stream, reference may be made to the related description of the embodiment in FIG. 5, which will not be repeated here.
  • the specific implementation method for the RAN to identify or send the service data stream according to the second characteristic information of the service data stream may refer to the relevant description of the embodiment in FIG. 5, and details are not repeated here.
  • the configuration information of the service data flow can be sent to the RAN and UPF, and the RAN and UPF perform the scheduling and scheduling of the service data flow according to the configuration information.
  • Transmission control which can improve the transmission efficiency of business data streams.
  • each network element described above includes hardware structures and/or software modules corresponding to each function.
  • the present invention can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a certain function is executed by hardware or computer software-driven hardware depends on the specific application and design constraint conditions of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians can use different methods for each specific application to implement the described functions, but such implementation should not be considered as going beyond the scope of the present invention.
  • the corresponding steps or operations implemented by the access network device can also be implemented by components (such as chips or circuits) configured in the access network device, and correspondingly implemented by user plane network elements.
  • the steps or operations of may also be implemented by components (such as chips or circuits) configured on user plane network elements.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • the device is used to implement the steps performed by the corresponding user plane network element in the embodiment of FIG. 5, FIG. 8, or FIG. 9.
  • the device 1000 includes a sending unit 1010, a receiving unit 1020, and an identifying unit 1030.
  • the device 1000 further includes an adding unit 1040 and a shaping unit 1050.
  • the receiving unit 1020 is configured to receive characteristic information of the service data stream, where the characteristic information is used to describe the characteristic of the service data stream; the identifying unit 1030 is used to identify the service data according to the characteristic information of the service data stream The data packet group in the flow; the sending unit 1010 is configured to send the data packet group to the access network device.
  • the feature information includes the first packet data feature and the last packet feature of the data packet group; the identification unit 1030 is specifically configured to identify the data according to the first packet data feature The first packet of the packet group; the last packet of the data packet group is identified according to the characteristics of the tail packet data.
  • the characteristic information includes a data packet group sending interval, and the data packet group sending interval is used to indicate a sending time interval between two adjacent data packet groups of the service data stream;
  • the identification unit 1030 is specifically configured to identify the data packet group of the service data flow according to the sending interval of the data packet group.
  • the adding unit 1040 is configured to add the same data packet group identifier to each data packet in the data packet group.
  • the shaping unit 1050 is configured to perform scheduling processing of the array packet group according to the characteristic information.
  • the characteristic information includes the pulse peak rate and pulse interval corresponding to the data packet group, and the pulse interval is the transmission time between two adjacent pulses corresponding to the data packet group Interval; shaping unit 1050, specifically configured to reduce the pulse peak rate corresponding to the data packet group according to the pulse peak rate corresponding to the data packet group and the pulse interval, so that the reduced pulse corresponding to the data packet group
  • the peak rate does not exceed a pre-configured maximum pulse peak rate
  • the maximum pulse peak rate is the maximum pulse peak rate of a single service data stream or the aggregate maximum pulse peak rate of multiple service data streams.
  • the receiving unit 1020 is further configured to receive the maximum pulse peak rate from the session management network element.
  • the characteristic information comes from an application server; or, the characteristic information comes from a database, and the characteristic information in the database comes from an application server; or, the characteristic information comes from a session management network element , The feature information in the session management network element comes from an application server.
  • the above-mentioned communication device 1000 may further include a storage unit for storing data or instructions (also referred to as codes or programs), and each of the above-mentioned units may interact or couple with the storage unit to implement the corresponding method or Features.
  • a storage unit for storing data or instructions (also referred to as codes or programs), and each of the above-mentioned units may interact or couple with the storage unit to implement the corresponding method or Features.
  • the identification unit 1030, the adding unit 1040, and the shaping unit 1050 may read data or instructions in the storage unit, so that the communication device implements the method in the foregoing embodiment.
  • each unit in the device can be all implemented in the form of software called by processing elements; they can also be all implemented in the form of hardware; part of the units can also be implemented in the form of software called by the processing elements, and some of the units can be implemented in the form of hardware.
  • each unit can be a separately set up processing element, or it can be integrated in a certain chip of the device for implementation.
  • it can also be stored in the memory in the form of a program, which is called and executed by a certain processing element of the device.
  • each step of the above method or each of the above units may be implemented by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in a processor element or implemented in a form of being called by software through a processing element.
  • the unit in any of the above devices may be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above method, for example: one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), or, one or Multiple microprocessors (digital singnal processors, DSPs), or, one or more field programmable gate arrays (Field Programmable Gate Arrays, FPGAs), or a combination of at least two of these integrated circuits.
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuits
  • DSPs digital singnal processors
  • FPGAs Field Programmable Gate Arrays
  • the unit in the device can be implemented in the form of a processing element scheduler
  • the processing element can be a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU) or other processors that can call programs.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • these units can be integrated together and implemented in the form of a system-on-a-chip (SOC).
  • the above sending unit 1010 is an interface circuit of the device for sending signals to other devices.
  • the sending unit 1010 is an interface circuit used by the chip to send signals to other chips or devices.
  • the above receiving unit 1020 is an interface circuit of the device for receiving signals from other devices.
  • the receiving unit 1020 is an interface circuit for the chip to receive signals from other chips or devices.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • the device is used to implement the steps performed by the corresponding access network device in the embodiment of FIG. 5, FIG. 8 or FIG. 9.
  • the device 1100 includes a sending unit 1110, a receiving unit 1120, and an identifying unit 1130.
  • the device 1100 further includes a determining unit 1140.
  • the receiving unit 1120 is configured to receive characteristic information of a service data stream, where the characteristic information is used to describe the characteristic of the service data stream; and, to receive the service data stream from a user plane network element; the identifying unit 1130 is used to identify The data packet group of the service data flow; the sending unit 1110 is configured to send the data packet group according to the characteristic information.
  • the identification unit 1130 is specifically configured to: determine that the data packets carrying the same data packet group identifier in the service data stream belong to the same data packet group; or, the characteristic information includes Data packet group sending interval, where the data packet group sending interval is used to indicate the sending time interval between two adjacent data packet groups of the service data stream; the data packet is identified according to the data packet group sending interval Group.
  • the sending unit 1110 is configured to determine the scheduling policy of the data packet group according to the characteristic information; and send the data packet group according to the scheduling policy of the data packet group.
  • the characteristic information includes a sending time window of the data packet group, and the sending time window of the data packet group is used to indicate the maximum sending time for sending the data packet group;
  • the sending The unit 1110 is specifically configured to determine multiple time periods corresponding to the sending time window of the data packet group, and the scheduling strategies corresponding to the multiple time periods respectively, wherein the scheduling strategy corresponding to the time period later in time
  • the indicated sending rate is higher than the sending rate indicated by the scheduling policy corresponding to the time period earlier in time; the data packet group is sent according to the scheduling policies respectively corresponding to the multiple time periods.
  • the determining unit 1140 is configured to schedule transmission resources of the data packet group according to the sending interval of the data packet group.
  • the characteristic information includes a data packet group sending interval, and the data packet group sending interval is used to indicate a sending time interval between two adjacent data packet groups of the service data stream;
  • the receiving unit 1120 is further configured to receive channel state information CSI from the terminal device according to the data packet group transmission interval;
  • the determining unit 1140 is configured to transmit the data packet group according to the data packet group transmission interval
  • the resource scheduling specifically includes: determining the transmission timing of the data packet group and the subcarrier used to transmit the data packet group according to the status information of one or more subcarriers indicated by the CSI;
  • the sending unit 1110 configured to send the data packet group according to the characteristic information, specifically including: sending the data packet group according to the sending timing of the data packet group and the subcarrier used to send the data packet group.
  • the characteristic information further includes the pulse peak rate and pulse interval corresponding to the data packet group, and the pulse interval is the transmission between two adjacent pulses corresponding to the data packet group.
  • Time interval; the determining unit 1140 is specifically configured to determine the quality of sending the data packet group to the subcarrier according to the status information of one or more subcarriers indicated by the CSI, the pulse peak rate, and the pulse interval Requirements and capacity requirements; according to the quality requirements and capacity requirements of the sub-carriers for sending the data packet group, the sending timing of the data packet group and the sub-carriers used to send the data packet group are determined.
  • the sending unit 1110 is further configured to send configuration information to the terminal device, where the configuration information includes indication information and the data packet group sending interval, and the indication information is used to indicate The period for the terminal device to report CSI is the same as the interval for sending the data packet group; the receiving unit 1120 is configured to receive the CSI from the terminal device.
  • the indication information is also used to instruct the terminal device to report the CSI for the first time period before the arrival of the data packet group.
  • the determining unit 1140 is further configured to determine the arrival time of the data packet group according to the sending interval of the data packet group; the sending unit 1110 is further configured to For the second time period before the arrival of the data packet group, the downlink control information DCI is sent to the terminal device to instruct the terminal device to report CSI; the receiving unit 1120 is configured to receive the CSI from the terminal device.
  • the characteristic information includes a sending time window of the data packet group, and the sending time window of the data packet group is used to indicate the maximum sending time for sending the data packet group; the sending unit 1110 , Used to send the data packet group according to the characteristic information, specifically used to: when the first data packet of the data packet group fails to be transmitted initially, determine the data packet group according to the sending time window of the data packet group The remaining transmission time of the data packet group; when the retransmission time of the first data packet is greater than the remaining transmission time of the data packet group, the first data packet is discarded.
  • the characteristic information comes from an application server; or, the characteristic information comes from a database, and the characteristic information in the database comes from an application server; or, the characteristic information comes from a session management network element , The feature information in the session management network element comes from an application server.
  • the above-mentioned communication device 1100 may further include a storage unit for storing data or instructions (also referred to as codes or programs), and each of the above-mentioned units may interact or couple with the storage unit to implement the corresponding method or Features.
  • a storage unit for storing data or instructions (also referred to as codes or programs), and each of the above-mentioned units may interact or couple with the storage unit to implement the corresponding method or Features.
  • each unit in the device can be all implemented in the form of software called by processing elements; they can also be all implemented in the form of hardware; part of the units can also be implemented in the form of software called by the processing elements, and some of the units can be implemented in the form of hardware.
  • each unit can be a separately set up processing element, or it can be integrated in a certain chip of the device for implementation.
  • it can also be stored in the memory in the form of a program, which is called and executed by a certain processing element of the device.
  • each step of the above method or each of the above units may be implemented by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in a processor element or implemented in a form of being called by software through a processing element.
  • the unit in any of the above devices may be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above method, for example: one or more specific integrated circuits (ASIC), or, one or more microprocessors (DSP), or, one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or a combination of at least two of these integrated circuit forms.
  • ASIC specific integrated circuits
  • DSP microprocessors
  • FPGA field programmable gate arrays
  • the unit in the device can be implemented in the form of a processing element scheduler
  • the processing element can be a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU) or other processors that can call programs.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • these units can be integrated together and implemented in the form of a system-on-chip (SOC).
  • SOC system-on-chip
  • the above sending unit 1110 is an interface circuit of the device, and is used to send signals to other devices.
  • the sending unit 1110 is an interface circuit used by the chip to send signals to other chips or devices.
  • the above receiving unit 1120 is an interface circuit of the device for receiving signals from other devices.
  • the receiving unit 1120 is an interface circuit for the chip to receive signals from other chips or devices.
  • the access network equipment includes: an antenna 1210, a radio frequency device 1220, and a baseband device 1230.
  • the antenna 1210 is connected to the radio frequency device 1220.
  • the radio frequency device 1220 receives the information sent by the terminal device through the antenna 1210, and sends the information sent by the terminal device to the baseband device 1230 for processing.
  • the baseband device 1230 processes the information of the terminal device and sends it to the radio frequency device 1220
  • the radio frequency device 1220 processes the information of the terminal device and sends it to the terminal device via the antenna 1210.
  • the baseband device 1230 may include one or more processing elements 1231, for example, a main control CPU and other integrated circuits, and an interface 1233.
  • the baseband device 1230 may also include a storage element 1232, the storage element 1232 is used to store programs and data; the interface 1233 is used to exchange information with the radio frequency device 1220, the interface is, for example, a common public radio interface (CPRI) .
  • the above device for access network equipment may be located in the baseband device 1230.
  • the above device for access network equipment may be a chip on the baseband device 1230.
  • the chip includes at least one processing element and an interface circuit. In performing each step of any method performed by the above access network equipment, the interface circuit is used to communicate with other devices.
  • the unit for the access network device to implement each step in the above method can be implemented in the form of a processing element scheduler.
  • the device for the access network device includes a processing element and a storage element, and the processing element calls the storage element to store To execute the method executed by the access network device in the above method embodiment.
  • the storage element may be a storage element with the processing element on the same chip, that is, an on-chip storage element, or a storage element on a different chip from the processing element, that is, an off-chip storage element.
  • the unit of the access network device that implements each step in the above method may be configured as one or more processing elements, and these processing elements are provided on the baseband device.
  • the processing elements here may be integrated circuits, such as : One or more ASICs, or, one or more DSPs, or, one or more FPGAs, or a combination of these types of integrated circuits. These integrated circuits can be integrated together to form a chip.
  • the units for the access network equipment to implement each step in the above method can be integrated together and implemented in the form of an SOC.
  • the baseband device includes the SOC chip for implementing the above method.
  • the chip can integrate at least one processing element and a storage element, and the processing element can call the stored program of the storage element to implement the method executed by the above access network device; or, at least one integrated circuit can be integrated in the chip to implement The method executed by the above access network device; or, it can be combined with the above implementation.
  • the functions of some units are implemented in the form of calling programs by processing elements, and the functions of some units are implemented in the form of integrated circuits.
  • the above apparatus for an access network device may include at least one processing element and an interface circuit, wherein at least one processing element is used to execute any method executed by the access network device provided in the above method embodiments.
  • the processing element can execute part or all of the steps executed by the access network device in the first way: calling the program stored in the storage element; or in the second way: through the integrated logic circuit of the hardware in the processor element
  • a part or all of the steps executed by the access network device can be executed in a manner of combining instructions; of course, part or all of the steps executed by the access network device can also be executed in combination with the first method and the second method.
  • the processing element here is the same as the above description, and it can be a general-purpose processor, such as a CPU, or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above method, such as: one or more ASICs, or, one or more micro-processing DSP, or, one or more FPGAs, etc., or a combination of at least two of these integrated circuit forms.
  • the storage element can be a memory or a collective term for multiple storage elements.
  • FIG. 13 a schematic diagram of a user plane network element provided by an embodiment of this application is used to implement the operation of the user plane network element in the above embodiment.
  • the user plane network element includes a processor 1310 and an interface 1330.
  • the user plane network element further includes a memory 1320.
  • the interface 1330 is used to implement communication with other devices.
  • the method executed by the user plane network element in the above embodiment can be implemented by the processor 1310 calling a program stored in a memory (which may be the memory 1320 in the user plane network element or an external memory). That is, the user plane network element may include a processor 1310, and the processor 1310 executes the method executed by the user plane network element in the above method embodiment by calling a program in the memory.
  • the processor here may be an integrated circuit with signal processing capability, such as a CPU.
  • the user plane network element may be implemented by one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above method. For example: one or more ASICs, or, one or more microprocessors DSP, or, one or more FPGAs, etc., or a combination of at least two of these integrated circuit forms. Or, the above implementations can be combined.
  • the functions/implementation processes of the sending unit 1010, the receiving unit 1020, the identifying unit 1030, the adding unit 1040, and the shaping unit 1050 in FIG. 10 may be called by the processor 1310 in the user plane network element 1300 shown in FIG.
  • the computer executable instructions stored in 1320 are implemented.
  • the functions/implementation process of the recognition unit 1030, the adding unit 1040, and the shaping unit 1050 in FIG. 10 may be implemented by the processor 1310 in the user plane network element 1300 shown in FIG. 13 calling the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 1320
  • the function/implementation process of the sending unit 1010 and the receiving unit 1020 in FIG. 10 can be implemented through the interface 1330 in the user plane network element 1300 shown in FIG. 13.
  • At least one refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item (a) or a plurality of items (a).
  • at least one of a, b, or c (a, kind) can represent: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or Multiple.
  • Multiple refers to two or more, and other quantifiers are similar.
  • the size of the sequence numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution.
  • the execution order of the processes should be determined by their functions and internal logic, and should not be used in the embodiments of the present invention.
  • the implementation process constitutes any limitation.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or a data center integrated with one or more available media.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, and a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (for example, a solid state disk (SSD)).
  • the various illustrative logic units and circuits described in the embodiments of this application can be implemented by general-purpose processors, digital signal processors, application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, Discrete gates or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination of the above are designed to implement or operate the described functions.
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor.
  • the general-purpose processor may also be any traditional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine.
  • the processor can also be implemented by a combination of computing devices, such as a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a digital signal processor core, or any other similar configuration. accomplish.
  • the steps of the method or algorithm described in the embodiments of the present application can be directly embedded in hardware, a software unit executed by a processor, or a combination of the two.
  • the software unit can be stored in random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), flash memory, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM or this Any other storage media in the field.
  • the storage medium may be connected to the processor, so that the processor can read information from the storage medium, and can store and write information to the storage medium.
  • the storage medium may also be integrated into the processor.
  • the processor and the storage medium can be arranged in the ASIC.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded on a computer or other programmable data processing equipment, so that a series of operation steps are executed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce computer-implemented processing, so as to execute on the computer or other programmable equipment.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing functions specified in a flow or multiple flows in the flowchart and/or a block or multiple blocks in the block diagram.
  • the aforementioned functions described in this application can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination of the three. If implemented in software, these functions can be stored on a computer-readable medium, or transmitted on a computer-readable medium in the form of one or more instructions or codes.
  • Computer-readable media include computer storage media and communication media that facilitate the transfer of computer programs from one place to another. The storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special computer.
  • Such computer-readable media may include, but are not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other device that can be used to carry or store instructions or data structures and Other program code media that can be read by general-purpose or special computers, or general-purpose or special processors.
  • any connection can be appropriately defined as a computer-readable medium, for example, if the software is from a website, server, or other remote source through a coaxial cable, fiber optic computer, twisted pair, or digital subscriber line (DSL) Or transmitted by wireless means such as infrared, wireless and microwave are also included in the definition of computer-readable media.
  • DSL digital subscriber line
  • the said disks and discs include compressed disks, laser disks, optical disks, digital versatile disks (English: Digital Versatile Disc, abbreviated as: DVD), floppy disks and Blu-ray disks.
  • Disks usually copy data with magnetism.
  • Discs usually use lasers to copy data optically.
  • the combination of the above can also be contained in a computer readable medium.
  • the functions described in this application can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented by software, these functions can be stored in a computer-readable medium or transmitted as one or more instructions or codes on the computer-readable medium.
  • the computer-readable medium includes a computer storage medium and a communication medium, where the communication medium includes any medium that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one place to another.
  • the storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

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  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供通信方法、装置及系统。该方法包括：用户面网元接收业务数据流的特征信息，所述特征信息用于描述所述业务数据流的特征；所述用户面网元根据所述业务数据流的特征信息，识别所述业务数据流中的数据包组；所述用户面网元向接入网设备发送所述数据包组。基于该方案，可以基于预先获得的业务数据流的特征信息来识别业务数据流的数据包组，从而可以进一步的对数据包组进行相应处理，有助于提升业务数据流的传输效率。

Description

通信方法、装置及系统
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2020年06月10日提交中国专利局、申请号为202010524001.1、申请名称为“通信方法、装置及系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及通信方法、装置及系统。
背景技术
目前，在增强现实(Augmented Reality，AR)、虚拟现实(Virtual Reality，VR)、触觉网络等一些场景中，对数据传输的实时性要求比较高，也即要求在一个较短的传输时间窗内发送一定量的数据。
在实时性要求比较高的情况下，如何对需要发送的数据实施合理的控制，以提升数据传输的效率，是目前亟需解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请提供通信方法、装置及系统，用以提升数据传输的效率。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信方法，包括：用户面网元接收业务数据流的特征信息，所述特征信息用于描述所述业务数据流的特征；所述用户面网元根据所述业务数据流的特征信息，识别所述业务数据流中的数据包组；所述用户面网元向接入网设备发送所述数据包组。
基于上述实施例，可以基于预先获得的业务数据流的特征信息来识别业务数据流的数据包组，从而可以进一步的对数据包组进行相应处理，有助于提升业务数据流的传输效率。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述特征信息包括所述数据包组的首包数据特征和尾包特征；所述用户面网元根据所述业务数据流的特征信息，识别所述业务数据流中的数据包组，包括：所述用户面网元根据所述首包数据特征，识别所述数据包组的首包；所述用户面网元根据所述尾包数据特征，识别所述数据包组的尾包。
基于上述方案，可以根据业务数据流的特征信息识别业务数据流的各个数据包组，以便于可以对业务数据流的各个数据包组进行处理，从而可以提升业务数据流的传输效率。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述特征信息包括数据包组发送间隔，所述数据包组发送间隔用于指示所述业务数据流的两个相邻数据包组之间的发送时间间隔；所述用户面网元根据所述业务数据流的特征信息，识别所述业务数据流中的数据包组，包括：所述用户面网元根据所述数据包组发送间隔，识别所述业务数据流的数据包组。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述用户面网元在所述数据包组内的各个数据包中添加相同的数据包组标识。
基于上述方案，可以根据数据包组标识，对各个数据包组进行标识，从而便于接收侧 (如接入网设备)可以识别业务数据流的各个数据包组，便于接收侧可以对各个数据包组进行处理，从而提升业务数据流的传输效率。
在一种可能的实现方法中，用户面网元根据所述特征信息，进行所述数组包组的调度处理。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述特征信息包括所述数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率和脉冲间隔，所述脉冲间隔为所述数据包组对应的两个相邻脉冲之间的发送时间间隔；所述用户面网元根据所述特征信息，进行所述数组包组的调度处理，包括：所述用户面网元根据所述数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率和所述脉冲间隔，降低所述数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率，使降低后的所述数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率不超过预配置的最大脉冲峰值速率，所述最大脉冲峰值速率为单个业务数据流的最大脉冲峰值速率、或多个业务数据流的汇聚最大脉冲峰值速率。
基于上述方案，用户面网元可以对业务数据流进行流量整形，减少了大速率的业务对网络传输的压力，从而提升了数据传输效率。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述用户面网元从会话管理网元接收所述最大脉冲峰值速率。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述特征信息来自应用服务器；或者，所述特征信息来自数据库，所述数据库中的所述特征信息来自应用服务器；或者，所述特征信息来自会话管理网元，所述会话管理网元中的所述特征信息来自应用服务器。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信方法，包括：接入网设备接收业务数据流的特征信息，所述特征信息用于描述所述业务数据流的特征；所述接入网设备从用户面网元接收所述业务数据流；所述接入网设备识别所述业务数据流的数据包组；所述接入网设备根据所述特征信息，发送所述数据包组。
基于上述实施例，可以基于预先获得的业务数据流的特征信息来发送业务数据流，从而提升业务数据流的传输效率。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述接入网设备识别所述业务数据流的数据包组，包括：所述接入网设备确定所述业务数据流中的携带相同数据包组标识的数据包，属于同一数据包组；或者，所述特征信息包括数据包组发送间隔，所述数据包组发送间隔用于指示所述业务数据流的两个相邻数据包组之间的发送时间间隔；所述接入网设备根据所述数据包组发送间隔，识别所述数据包组。
基于上述方案，接入网设备可以根据业务数据流的特征信息识别业务数据流的各个数据包组，以便于可以对业务数据流的各个数据包组进行处理，从而可以提升业务数据流的传输效率。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述接入网设备根据所述特征信息，发送所述数据包组，包括：所述接入网设备根据所述特征信息，确定所述数据包组的调度策略；所述接入网设备根据所述数据包组的调度策略，发送所述数据包组。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述特征信息包括所述数据包组的发送时间窗，所述数据包组的发送时间窗用于指示发送所述数据包组的最大发送时长；所述接入网设备根据所述特征信息，确定所述数据包组的调度策略，包括：所述接入网设备确定所述数据包组的发送时间窗对应的多个时间段，及所述多个时间段分别对应的调度策略，其中，在时间上靠后的时间段对应的调度策略所指示的发送速率高于在时间上靠前的时间段对应的调度策 略所指示的发送速率；所述接入网设备根据所述数据包组的调度策略，发送所述数据包组，包括：所述接入网设备根据所述多个时间段分别对应的调度策略，发送所述数据包组。
基于上述方案，接入网设备可以对同一个发送时间窗的不同时间段实施不同的调度策略，以保障一个数据包组可以在一个发送时间窗内发送完毕，保障了业务数据流的可靠传输。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述特征信息包括数据包组发送间隔，所述数据包组发送间隔用于指示所述业务数据流的两个相邻数据包组之间的发送时间间隔；所述接入网设备根据所述数据包组发送间隔，进行所述数据包组的传输资源的调度。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述接入网设备根据所述数据包组发送间隔，进行所述数据包组的传输资源的调度，包括：所述接入网设备根据所述数据包组发送间隔，从终端设备接收信道状态信息CSI；所述接入网设备根据所述CSI指示的一个或多个子载波的状态信息，确定所述数据包组的发送时机和用于发送所述数据包组的子载波；所述接入网设备根据所述特征信息，发送所述数据包组，包括：所述接入网设备根据所述数据包组的发送时机和用于发送所述数据包组的子载波，发送所述数据包组。
基于上述方案，接入网设备可以基于终端设备上报的CSI确定发送数据包组的发送时机和子载波，可以提升数据传输效率。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述特征信息还包括所述数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率和脉冲间隔，所述脉冲间隔为所述数据包组对应的两个相邻脉冲之间的发送时间间隔；所述接入网设备根据所述CSI指示的一个或多个子载波的状态信息，确定所述数据包组的发送时机和用于发送所述数据包组的子载波，包括：所述接入网设备根据所述CSI指示的一个或多个子载波的状态信息、所述脉冲峰值速率和所述脉冲间隔，确定发送所述数据包组对子载波的质量要求和容量要求；所述接入网设备根据发送所述数据包组对子载波的质量要求和容量要求，确定所述数据包组的发送时机和用于发送所述数据包组的子载波。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述接入网设备根据所述数据包组发送间隔，从终端设备接收CSI，包括：所述接入网设备向所述终端设备发送配置信息，所述配置信息包括指示信息和所述数据包组发送间隔，所述指示信息用于指示所述终端设备上报CSI的周期与所述数据包组发送间隔相同；所述接入网设备从所述终端设备接收所述CSI。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述指示信息还用于指示所述终端设备在所述数据包组到达前的第一时长上报CSI。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述接入网设备根据所述数据包组发送间隔，从终端设备接收CSI，包括：所述接入网设备根据所述数据包组发送间隔，确定所述数据包组的到达时间；
所述接入网设备在所述数据包组到达前的第二时长，向所述终端设备发送下行控制信息DCI，用于指示所述终端设备上报CSI；所述接入网设备从所述终端设备接收所述CSI。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述特征信息包括所述数据包组的发送时间窗，所述数据包组的发送时间窗用于指示发送所述数据包组的最大发送时长；所述接入网设备根据所述特征信息，发送所述数据包组，包括：当所述数据包组的第一数据包初传失败，所述接入网设备根据所述数据包组的发送时间窗，确定所述数据包组的剩余发送时间；当所述第一数据包的重传时间大于所述数据包组的剩余发送时间，所述接入网设备丢弃所述第一数据包。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述特征信息来自应用服务器；或者，所述特征信息来自数据库，所述数据库中的所述特征信息来自应用服务器；或者，所述特征信息来自会话管理网元，所述会话管理网元中的所述特征信息来自应用服务器。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，该装置可以是用户面网元，还可以是用于用户面网元的芯片。该装置具有实现上述第一方面、或第一方面的各可能的实现方法的功能。该功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，该装置可以是接入网设备，还可以是用于接入网设备的芯片。该装置具有实现上述第二方面、或第二方面的各可能的实现方法的功能。该功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，包括处理器和存储器；该存储器用于存储计算机执行指令，当该装置运行时，该处理器执行该存储器存储的该计算机执行指令，以使该装置执行如上述第一方面至第二方面的方法，第一方面至第二方面的各可能的实现方法中的任意方法。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，包括用于执行上述第一方面至第二方面的方法，第一方面至第二方面的各可能的实现方法中的任意方法的各个步骤的单元或手段(means)。
第七方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，包括处理器和接口电路，所述处理器用于通过接口电路与其它装置通信，并执行上述第一方面至第二方面的方法，第一方面至第二方面的各可能的实现方法中的任意方法。该处理器包括一个或多个。
第八方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，包括处理器，用于与存储器相连，用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序，以执行上述第一方面至第二方面的方法，第一方面至第二方面的各可能的实现方法中的任意方法。该存储器可以位于该装置之内，也可以位于该装置之外。且该处理器包括一个或多个。
第九方面，本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得处理器执行上述第一方面至第二方面的方法，第一方面至第二方面的各可能的实现方法中的任意方法。
第十方面，本申请实施例还提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算机产品包括计算机程序，当计算机程序运行时，使得上述第一方面至第二方面的方法，第一方面至第二方面的各可能的实现方法中的任意方法被执行。
第十一方面，本申请实施例还提供一种芯片系统，包括：处理器，用于执行上述第一方面至第二方面的方法，第一方面至第二方面的各可能的实现方法中的任意方法。
第十二方面，本申请实施例还提供一种通信方法，包括：用户面网元接收业务数据流的第一特征信息，所述第一特征信息用于描述所述业务数据流的特征；所述用户面网元根据所述业务数据流的第一特征信息，识别所述业务数据流中的数据包组；所述用户面网元向接入网设备发送所述数据包组；所述接入网设备接收所述业务数据流的第二特征信息，所述第二特征信息用于描述所述业务数据流的特征；所述接入网设备从所述用户面网元接收所述业务数据流；所述接入网设备识别所述业务数据流的所述数据包组；所述接入网设备根据所述第二特征信息，发送所述数据包组。
第十三方面，本申请实施例还提供一种通信系统，包括：用户面网元和接入网设备；所述用户面网元，用于接收业务数据流的第一特征信息，所述第一特征信息用于描述所述业务数据流的特征；根据所述业务数据流的第一特征信息，识别所述业务数据流中的数据包组；向所述接入网设备发送所述数据包组；所述接入网设备，用于接收所述业务数据流的第二特征信息，所述第二特征信息用于描述所述业务数据流的特征；从所述用户面网元接收所述业务数据流；识别所述业务数据流的所述数据包组；根据所述第二特征信息，发送所述数据包组。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统示意图；
图2(a)为基于服务化架构的5G网络架构示意图；
图2(b)为基于点对点接口的5G网络架构示意图；
图3为Cloud VR中的突发类型的业务数据流的流量模型示意图；
图4为速率平均型的业务数据流的流量模型示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法流程示意图；
图6为针对单个突发类型的业务数据流进行流量整形的示意图；
图7为针对两个突发类型的业务数据流进行流量整形的示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的又一种通信方法流程示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的又一种通信方法流程示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的又一种通信装置示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的一种接入网设备示意图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的一种用户面网元示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请作进一步地详细描述。方法实施例中的具体操作方法也可以应用于装置实施例或系统实施例中。其中，在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
为解决背景技术中提到的问题，如图1所示，本申请提供一种通信系统，该系统包括接入网设备和用户面网元。可选的，该系统还包括会话管理网元。
所述用户面网元，用于接收业务数据流的第一特征信息，所述第一特征信息用于描述所述业务数据流的特征；根据所述业务数据流的第一特征信息，识别所述业务数据流中的数据包组；向所述接入网设备发送所述数据包组；所述接入网设备，用于接收所述业务数据流的第二特征信息，所述第二特征信息用于描述所述业务数据流的特征；从所述用户面网元接收所述业务数据流；识别所述业务数据流的所述数据包组；根据所述第二特征信息，发送所述数据包组。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第一特征信息包括所述数据包组的首包数据特征和尾包特征；所述用户面网元，用于根据所述业务数据流的第一特征信息，识别所述业务数据流中的数据包组，具体包括：根据所述首包数据特征，识别所述数据包组的首包；根据所 述尾包数据特征，识别所述数据包组的尾包。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第一特征信息包括数据包组发送间隔，所述数据包组发送间隔用于指示所述业务数据流的两个相邻数据包组之间的发送时间间隔；所述用户面网元，用于根据所述业务数据流的第一特征信息，识别所述业务数据流中的数据包组，具体包括：用于根据所述数据包组发送间隔，识别所述业务数据流的数据包组。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述用户面网元，还用于在所述数据包组内的各个数据包中添加相同的数据包组标识。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述用户面网元根据所述第一特征信息，进行所述数组包组的调度处理。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第一特征信息包括所述数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率和脉冲间隔，所述脉冲间隔为所述数据包组对应的两个相邻脉冲之间的发送时间间隔；所述用户面网元根据所述第一特征信息，进行所述数组包组的调度处理，具体包括：用于根据所述数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率和所述脉冲间隔，降低所述数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率，使降低后的所述数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率不超过预配置的最大脉冲峰值速率，所述最大脉冲峰值速率为单个业务数据流的最大脉冲峰值速率、或多个业务数据流的汇聚最大脉冲峰值速率。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述用户面网元，还用于从会话管理网元接收所述最大脉冲峰值速率。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第一特征信息来自应用服务器；或者，所述第一特征信息来自数据库，所述数据库中的所述第一特征信息来自应用服务器；或者，所述第一特征信息来自会话管理网元，所述会话管理网元中的所述第一特征信息来自应用服务器。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述接入网设备，用于识别所述业务数据流的数据包组，具体包括：用于确定所述业务数据流中的携带相同数据包组标识的数据包，属于同一数据包组；或者，所述第二特征信息包括数据包组发送间隔，所述数据包组发送间隔用于指示所述业务数据流的两个相邻数据包组之间的发送时间间隔；用于根据所述数据包组发送间隔，识别所述数据包组。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述接入网设备，用于根据所述第二特征信息，发送所述数据包组，具体包括：用于根据所述第二特征信息，确定所述数据包组的调度策略；根据所述数据包组的调度策略，发送所述数据包组。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第二特征信息包括所述数据包组的发送时间窗，所述数据包组的发送时间窗用于指示发送所述数据包组的最大发送时长；所述接入网设备，用于根据所述第二特征信息，确定所述数据包组的调度策略，具体包括：用于确定所述数据包组的发送时间窗对应的多个时间段，及所述多个时间段分别对应的调度策略，其中，在时间上靠后的时间段对应的调度策略所指示的发送速率高于在时间上靠前的时间段对应的调度策略所指示的发送速率；所述接入网设备，用于根据所述数据包组的调度策略，发送所述数据包组，具体包括：用于根据所述多个时间段分别对应的调度策略，发送所述数据包组。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第二特征信息包括数据包组发送间隔，所述数据包组发送间隔用于指示所述业务数据流的两个相邻数据包组之间的发送时间间隔；所述接入网设备，还用于根据所述数据包组发送间隔，进行所述数据包组的传输资源的调度。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述接入网设备，用于根据所述数据包组发送间隔，进行所述数据包组的传输资源的调度，具体包括：根据所述数据包组发送间隔，从终端设备接收信道状态信息CSI；根据所述CSI指示的一个或多个子载波的状态信息，确定所述数据包组的发送时机和用于发送所述数据包组的子载波；所述接入网设备，用于根据所述第二特征信息，发送所述数据包组，具体包括：用于根据所述数据包组的发送时机和用于发送所述数据包组的子载波，发送所述数据包组。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第二特征信息还包括所述数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率和脉冲间隔，所述脉冲间隔为所述数据包组对应的两个相邻脉冲之间的发送时间间隔；所述接入网设备，用于根据所述CSI指示的一个或多个子载波的状态信息，确定所述数据包组的发送时机和用于发送所述数据包组的子载波，具体包括：用于根据所述CSI指示的一个或多个子载波的状态信息、所述脉冲峰值速率和所述脉冲间隔，确定发送所述数据包组对子载波的质量要求和容量要求；用于根据发送所述数据包组对子载波的质量要求和容量要求，确定所述数据包组的发送时机和用于发送所述数据包组的子载波。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述接入网设备，用于根据所述数据包组发送间隔，从终端设备接收CSI，具体包括：用于向所述终端设备发送配置信息，所述配置信息包括指示信息和所述数据包组发送间隔，所述指示信息用于指示所述终端设备上报CSI的周期与所述数据包组发送间隔相同；用于从所述终端设备接收所述CSI。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述指示信息还用于指示所述终端设备在所述数据包组到达前的第一时长上报CSI。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述接入网设备，用于根据所述数据包组发送间隔，从终端设备接收CSI，具体包括：用于根据所述数据包组发送间隔，确定所述数据包组的到达时间；用于在所述数据包组到达前的第二时长，向所述终端设备发送下行控制信息DCI，用于指示所述终端设备上报CSI；用于从所述终端设备接收所述CSI。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第二特征信息包括所述数据包组的发送时间窗，所述数据包组的发送时间窗用于指示发送所述数据包组的最大发送时长；所述接入网设备，用于根据所述特征信息，发送所述数据包组，具体包括：当所述数据包组的第一数据包初传失败，根据所述数据包组的发送时间窗，确定所述数据包组的剩余发送时间；当所述第一数据包的重传时间大于所述数据包组的剩余发送时间，丢弃所述第一数据包。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第二特征信息来自应用服务器；或者，所述第二特征信息来自数据库，所述数据库中的所述第二特征信息来自应用服务器；或者，所述第二特征信息来自会话管理网元，所述会话管理网元中的所述第二特征信息来自应用服务器。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述会话管理网元，用于从数据库或应用服务器接收所述第一特征信息；向所述用户面网元发送所述第一特征信息。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述会话管理网元，用于从数据库或应用服务器接收所述第二特征信息；向所述用户面网元发送所述第二特征信息。
其中，上述方案的具体实现将在后续方法实施例部分详细阐述，在此不再赘述。
图1所示的系统可以用在图2(a)或图2(b)所示的第五代(5th generation，5G)网络架构中，当然，也可以用在未来网络架构，比如第六代(6th generation，6G)网络架构等，本申请不做限定。
示例性的，假设图1所示的通信系统应用于5G网络架构，如图2(a)所示，为基于服务化架构的5G网络架构示意图。图1中的用户面网元所对应的网元或者实体可以为图2(a)所示的5G网络架构中的用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)网元，图1中的接入网设备所对应的网元或者实体可以为图2(a)所示的5G网络架构中的无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)设备。图1中的会话管理网元所对应的网元或者实体可以为图2(a)所示的5G网络架构中的会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)网元。
图2(a)所示的5G网络架构中可包括三部分，分别是终端设备部分、数据网络(data network，DN)和运营商网络部分。下面对其中的部分网元的功能进行简单介绍说明。
其中，运营商网络可包括以下网元中的一个或多个：鉴权服务器功能(Authentication Server Function，AUSF)网元、网络开放功能(network exposure function，NEF)网元、策略控制功能(Policy Control Function，PCF)网元、统一数据管理(unified data management，UDM)、统一数据库(Unified Data Repository，UDR)、网络存储功能(Network Repository Function，NRF)网元、应用功能(Application Function，AF)网元、接入与移动性管理功能(Access and Mobility Management Function，AMF)网元、SMF网元、RAN以及UPF网元等。上述运营商网络中，除无线接入网部分之外的部分可以称为核心网络部分。
在具体实现中，本申请实施例中的终端设备，可以是用于实现无线通信功能的设备。其中，终端设备可以是5G网络或者未来演进的公共陆地移动网络(public land mobile network，PLMN)中的用户设备(user equipment，UE)、接入终端、终端单元、终端站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、无线通信设备、终端代理或终端装置等。接入终端可以是蜂窝电话、无绳电话、会话启动协议(session initiation protocol，SIP)电话、无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL)站、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备、车载设备或可穿戴设备，虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端等。终端可以是移动的，也可以是固定的。
上述终端设备可通过运营商网络提供的接口(例如N1等)与运营商网络建立连接，使用运营商网络提供的数据和/或语音等服务。终端设备还可通过运营商网络访问DN，使用DN上部署的运营商业务，和/或第三方提供的业务。其中，上述第三方可为运营商网络和终端设备之外的服务方，可为终端设备提供其他数据和/或语音等服务。其中，上述第三方的具体表现形式，具体可根据实际应用场景确定，在此不做限制。
RAN是运营商网络的子网络，是运营商网络中业务节点与终端设备之间的实施系统。终端设备要接入运营商网络，首先是经过RAN，进而可通过RAN与运营商网络的业务节点连接。本申请中的RAN设备，是一种为终端设备提供无线通信功能的设备，RAN设备也称为接入网设备。本申请中的RAN设备包括但不限于：5G中的下一代基站(g nodeB，gNB)、演进型节点B(evolved node B，eNB)、无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(node B，NB)、基站控制器(base station controller，BSC)、基站收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved nodeB，或home node B，HNB)、基带单元(baseBand unit，BBU)、传输点(transmitting and receiving point，TRP)、发射点 (transmitting point，TP)、移动交换中心等。
AMF网元，主要进行移动性管理、接入鉴权或授权等功能。此外，还负责在UE与PCF间传递用户策略。
SMF网元，主要进行会话管理、PCF下发控制策略的执行、UPF的选择、UE互联网协议(internet protocol，IP)地址分配等功能。
UPF网元，作为和数据网络的接口UPF，完成用户面数据转发、基于会话/流级的计费统计，带宽限制等功能。
UDM网元，主要负责管理签约数据、用户接入授权等功能。
UDR，主要负责签约数据、策略数据、应用数据等类型数据的存取功能。
NEF网元，主要用于支持能力和事件的开放。
AF网元，主要传递应用侧对网络侧的需求，例如，服务质量(Quality of Service，QoS)需求或用户状态事件订阅等。AF可以是第三方功能实体，也可以是运营商部署的应用服务，如IP多媒体子系统(IP Multimedia Subsystem，IMS)语音呼叫业务。其中，AF网元也可以称为应用服务器。
PCF网元，主要负责针对会话、业务数据流级别进行计费、QoS带宽保障及移动性管理、UE策略决策等策略控制功能。
NRF网元，可用于提供网元发现功能，基于其他网元的请求，提供网元类型对应的网元信息。NRF还提供网元管理服务，如网元注册、更新、去注册以及网元状态订阅和推送等。
AUSF网元：主要负责对用户进行鉴权，以确定是否允许用户或设备接入网络。
DN，是位于运营商网络之外的网络，运营商网络可以接入多个DN，DN上可部署多种业务，可为终端设备提供数据和/或语音等服务。例如，DN是某智能工厂的私有网络，智能工厂安装在车间的传感器可为终端设备，DN中部署了传感器的控制服务器，控制服务器可为传感器提供服务。传感器可与控制服务器通信，获取控制服务器的指令，根据指令将采集的传感器数据传送给控制服务器等。又例如，DN是某公司的内部办公网络，该公司员工的手机或者电脑可为终端设备，员工的手机或者电脑可以访问公司内部办公网络上的信息、数据资源等。
图2(a)中Nausf、Nnef、Npcf、Nudm、Naf、Namf、Nsmf、N1、N2、N3、N4，以及N6为接口序列号。这些接口序列号的含义可参见3GPP标准协议中定义的含义，在此不做限制。
示例性的，假设图1所示的通信系统应用于5G网络架构，如图2(b)所示，为基于点对点接口的5G网络架构示意图。图1中的用户面网元所对应的网元或者实体可以为图2(b)所示的5G网络架构中的UPF网元，图1中的接入网设备所对应的网元或者实体可以为图2(b)所示的5G网络架构中的RAN设备。图1中的会话管理网元所对应的网元或者实体可以为图2(b)所示的5G网络架构中的SMF网元。
图2(b)中的网元的功能的介绍可以参考图2(a)中对应的网元的功能的介绍，不再赘述。图2(b)与图2(a)的主要区别在于：图2(b)中的各个网元之间的接口是点对点的接口，而不是服务化的接口。
在图2(b)所示的架构中，各个网元之间的接口名称及功能如下：
1)、N7：PCF与SMF之间的接口，用于下发协议数据单元(protocol data unit，PDU)会话粒度以及业务数据流粒度控制策略。
2)、N15：PCF与AMF之间的接口，用于下发UE策略及接入控制相关策略。
3)、N5：AF与PCF之间的接口，用于应用业务请求下发以及网络事件上报。
4)、N4：SMF与UPF之间的接口，用于控制面与用户面之间传递信息，包括控制面向用户面的转发规则、QoS控制规则、流量统计规则等的下发以及用户面的信息上报。
5)、N11：SMF与AMF之间的接口，用于传递RAN和UPF之间的PDU会话隧道信息、传递发送给UE的控制消息、传递发送给RAN的无线资源控制信息等。
6)、N2：AMF与RAN之间的接口，用于传递核心网侧至RAN的无线承载控制信息等。
7)、N1：AMF与UE之间的接口，接入无关，用于向UE传递QoS控制规则等。
8)、N8：AMF与UDM间的接口，用于AMF向UDM获取接入与移动性管理相关签约数据与鉴权数据，以及AMF向UDM注册UE当前移动性管理相关信息等。
9)、N10：SMF与UDM间的接口，用于SMF向UDM获取会话管理相关签约数据，以及SMF向UDM注册UE当前会话相关信息等。
10)、N35：UDM与UDR间的接口，用于UDM从UDR中获取用户签约数据信息。
11)、N36：PCF与UDR间的接口，用于PCF从UDR中获取策略相关签约数据以及应用数据相关信息。
12)、N12：AMF和AUSF间的接口，用于AMF向AUSF发起鉴权流程，其中可携带SUCI作为签约标识；
13)、N13：UDM与AUSF间的接口，用于AUSF向UDM获取用户鉴权向量，以执行鉴权流程。
可以理解的是，上述网元或者功能既可以是硬件设备中的网络元件，也可以是在专用硬件上运行软件功能，或者是平台(例如，云平台)上实例化的虚拟化功能。可选的，上述网元或者功能可以由一个设备实现，也可以由多个设备共同实现，还可以是一个设备内的一个功能模块，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
本申请中的会话管理网元、策略控制网元、用户面网元、接入网设备分别可以是图2(a)或图2(b)中的SMF、PCF、UPF、RAN，也可以是未来通信如6G网络中具有上述SMF、PCF、UPF、RAN的功能的网元，本申请对此不限定。为方便说明，本申请以会话管理网元、策略控制网元、用户面网元、接入网设备分别为上述SMF、PCF、UPF、RAN为例进行说明。
在现有的QoS模型中，当UPF收到下行数据包时，UPF会根据SMF提前配置好的包检测规则(Packet Detection Rule，PDR)过滤器(filter)将具有相同可靠性需求的数据包(packets)封装至同一个QoS流(QoS flow)。多个QoS flow可能存在于一个同一个PDU会话(PDU session)中，但每一个QoS flow具有独立、唯一的QoS流标识(QoS flow Identifier，QFI)，且每个QoS flow关联一个QoS配置文件(QoS profile)。网络侧会根据QoS profile里面的参数对属于同一个QoS flow的数据包采用相同的QoS保障，如时延、转发优先级、丢包率等等。
当RAN收到来自UPF的下行QoS flow时，RAN会按照一定的映射规则(标准当前并 没有定义详细的规则)将数个QoS flow封装至同一个数据无线承载(Data Radio Bearer，DRB)，同一个DRB会享有相同的空口侧可靠性保障。
目前，在AR、VR、触觉网络等一些场景中，对数据传输的实时性要求比较高，也即要求在一个较短的传输时间窗内发送一定量的数据。在实时性要求比较高的情况下，如何对需要发送的数据实施合理的控制，以提升数据传输的效率，是目前亟需解决的问题。
其中，关于数据传输效率的问题，主要包括：
问题1)、在一个数据包组的发送时间窗内，该数据包组内的不同数据包可发送的调度时延不同，该数据包组中靠前的数据包调度空间比该数据包组靠后的数据包的调度空间大，从而导致该数据包组后面的数据包出现丢包的概率更大。
比如，一个数据包组中靠前的数据包发送失败时，可以重传该数据。而一个数据包组中靠后的数据包发送失败时，由于该数据包组的发送时间窗已经接近结束，剩余传输时间较少，可能就不会对该发送失败的数据进行重传。并且由于一个数据包组中靠前的数据包可能占用了一个发送周期的较多时间，导致一个数据包组中靠后的数据包的发送时间被压缩，从而引起更多的数据丢包问题。
问题2)、在一个数据包组的发送时间窗内，数据包组内的一次数据包重传会占用额外的时延开销，将导致该数据包组内的后面数据包的传输可能会超出该发送时间窗，此时如何处理这些超出发送时间窗的数据包，目前没有相应解决方案。
问题3)、在一些情况下，业务数据流的发送可能存在瞬时峰值速率增加，超出预定的最大峰值速率，从而引起数据丢包的问题。
问题4)、当前的数据包的传输是按照QoS Flow进行传输的，同一个QoS Flow内的数据包可能来自多个业务数据流或来自同一业务数据流的不同数据包组，导致接收侧无法区分一个QoS Flow内的不同数据包之间的关联关系，进而影响到接收侧的接收效率。
本申请实施例中将解决上述四个影响数据传输效率的问题。
本申请实施例中，业务数据流信息包括应用的标识(Application ID，App ID)、业务数据流的标识信息、业务数据流的QoS需求、业务数据流的特征信息(Traffic model)中的一个或多个。
其中，应用的标识用于标识一个具体业务，例如可以为设定的字符。
业务数据流的标识信息包括但不限于以下信息中的一个或多个：IP三元组、统一资源定位符(Uniform Resource Locator，URL)。其中，IP三元组指的是应用服务器(即AF)的IP地址、端口号和协议号。
业务数据流的QoS需求包括但不限于以下信息中的一个或多个：码率(bitrate)、丢包率(Packet Error Rate，PER)、延迟(delay)。
业务数据流的特征信息用于描述该业务数据流的特征。
针对突发(burst)类型的业务数据流，业务数据流的特征信息包括但不限于以下信息中的一个或多个：
1)、数据包组的首包数据特征。
比如，首包数据特征可以是设定的首包大小，从而接收侧可以基于设定的首包大小，识别出一个数据包是一个数据包组的首包，也即识别出一个数据包组的开始位置。作为示 例，首包数据特征为：首包大小是x，则当接收侧接收到一个大小为x的数据包，则确定该数据包为一个数据包组的首包。
2)、数据包组的尾包数据特征。
比如，尾包数据特征可以是设定的尾包大小，从而接收侧可以基于设定的尾包大小，识别出一个数据包是一个数据包组的尾包，也即识别出一个数据包组的结束位置。作为示例，尾包数据特征为：尾包大小是y，则当接收侧接收到一个大小为y的数据包，则确定该数据包为一个数据包组的尾包。
再比如，尾包数据特征还可以是设定的连续两个数据包的大小，从而接收侧在连续接收到两个设定大小的数据包后，确定这两个连续数据包中的第二个数据包是数据包组的尾包，也即识别出一个数据包组的结束位置。作为示例，尾包数据特征为连续两个数据包的大小为z，则当接收侧连续接收到两个大小都是z的数据包，则确定该连续两个数据包中的第二数据包为一个数据包组的尾包。
3)、数据包组的发送时间窗。
数据包组的发送时间窗指定了发送一个数据包组内的数据包的最大时长。或者理解为，一个数据包组的数据包需要在一个发送时间窗内发送，超过了这个发送时间窗，则不能再发送该数据包组的数据包，也即需要丢弃数据包。
4)、数据包组发送间隔。
数据包组发送间隔指的是两个数据包组之间的发送间隔。也即一个数据包组的首包与下一个数据包组的首包之间的时间间隔。或者理解为，数据包组发送间隔用于指示业务数据流的两个相邻数据包组之间的发送时间间隔。
5)、数据包组对应的脉冲个数。
当一个数据包组传输的数据量较大，则可以将一个数据包组分多次发送，也即通过多个脉冲发送。数据包组对应的脉冲个数即为一个数据包组的发送次数，或为发送数据包组使用的脉冲个数。
6)、数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率。
例如，为更快的将一个数据包组在最短时间内发完，可以采用4倍速传输控制协议(Transmission Control Protocol，TCP)发送速率进行发送，则数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率＝发送速率*4/1000ms。比如，发送速率设置为120Mb/s时，则数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率为0.48Mb/ms。
7)、脉冲间隔。
当一个数据包组的数据量较大时，可以将一个数据组包分多次发送，即通过多个脉冲发送，并且两个脉冲之间需要有一定的时间间隔，即脉冲间隔。也即，脉冲间隔为数据包组对应的两个相邻脉冲之间的发送时间间隔。
本申请实施例中，业务数据流的一个数据包组可以是媒体业务的一个视频帧对应的一组数据包，或者还可以是一次触觉和动作感应操作所生成的一组数据包等。
下面结合一个具体示例来说明突发类型的业务数据流。比如，在云VR(Cloud VR)场景下，云服务器根据用户头部动作和用户视角等感知数据，渲染生成对应的VR视频并进行编码，然后将编码生成后的视频通过5G网络发送给VR终端。如图3所示，为Cloud VR中的突发类型的业务数据流的流量模型示意图，该示例中的一个“视频帧”对应一个“数据包组”。
Cloud VR中的视频流的特征主要包括：
1)、云服务器向VR终端发送的视频流是以脉冲的形式发出的，每个脉冲波为一个视频帧，每个视频帧的数据包在150个左右。帧率为60帧每秒(frame per second，FPS)，视频帧发送间隔＝1000毫秒(ms)/60FPS＝16.7ms。
2)、为了保证用户观看的连续性，一个视频帧中的所有数据包需要在8.3ms内传输给VR终端，从而VR终端可以对接收到的数据包进行解码和视频呈现。这里的8.3ms即为视频帧的发送时间窗。
3)、为更快的将一个视频帧在最短时间内发完，可以采用4倍速传输控制协议TCP发送速率(SendSpeed)进行发送。视频帧对应的脉冲峰值速率＝发送速率*4/1000ms。比如，发送速率设置为120Mb/s时，则视频帧对应的脉冲峰值速率为0.48Mb/ms。
4)、当一个视频帧传输的数据量较大，则可以将一个视频帧分多个脉冲发送。比如，两个脉冲之间的脉冲间隔为4ms。
5)、视频帧对应的脉冲个数＝ROUNDUP(bitrate/FPS/(SendSpeed*4/1000))。其中，bitrate为码率，FPS为帧率，SendSpeed为发送速率，ROUNDUP(x)函数表示将x向上舍入到一个整数。比如，当Bitrate为50Mb/s，FPS＝60，SendSpeed为120Mb/s，则视频帧对应的脉冲个数为2。
针对速率平均型的业务数据流，业务数据流的特征信息包括但不限于以下信息中的一个或多个：
1)至4)，同前述突发类型的业务数据流的特征信息中的1)至4)。
5)、业务数据流速率。
业务数据流速率是一个平均发送速率。
下面结合一个具体示例来说明突发类型的业务数据流。如图4所示，为速率平均型的业务数据流的流量模型示意图。其中，视频帧发送间隔＝16.7ms，视频帧的发送时间窗＝8.3ms，业务数据流速率＝0.3Mb/ms。
为了实现对需要发送的数据实施合理的控制，以提升数据传输的效率，基于图2(a)或图2(b)所示的架构，本申请实施例提供一种通信方法。如图5所示，该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤501，UPF接收业务数据流的第一特征信息，第一特征信息用于描述业务数据流的特征。
比如，UPF可以从SMF接收业务数据流的第一特征信息，SMF中的第一特征信息可以来自数据库(如UDR)、NEF或应用服务器等。再比如，UPF可以从数据库(如UDR)接收业务数据流的第一特征信息，数据库中的第一特征信息可以来自应用服务器等。再比如，UPF可以从应用服务器接收业务数据流的第一特征信息。
当该业务数据流是突发类型的业务数据流，则第一特征信息包括但不限于以下一项或多项：数据包组的首包数据特征、数据包组的尾包数据特征、数据包组的发送时间窗、数据包组发送间隔、数据包组对应的脉冲个数、数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率、脉冲间隔。
当该业务数据流是速率平均型的业务数据流，则第一特征信息包括但不限于以下一项或多项：数据包组的首包数据特征、数据包组的尾包数据特征、数据包组的发送时间窗、数据包组发送间隔、业务数据流速率。
步骤502，RAN接收业务数据流的第二特征信息，第二特征信息用于描述业务数据流的特征。
比如，RAN可以从SMF接收业务数据流的第二特征信息，SMF中的第二特征信息可以来自数据库(如UDR)、NEF或应用服务器等。再比如，RAN可以从数据库(如UDR)接收业务数据流的第二特征信息，数据库中的第二特征信息可以来自应用服务器等。再比如，RAN可以从应用服务器接收业务数据流的第二特征信息。
当该业务数据流是突发类型的业务数据流，则第二特征信息包括但不限于以下一项或多项：数据包组的首包数据特征、数据包组的尾包数据特征、数据包组的发送时间窗、数据包组发送间隔、数据包组对应的脉冲个数、数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率、脉冲间隔。
当该业务数据流是速率平均型的业务数据流，则第二特征信息包括但不限于以下一项或多项：数据包组的首包数据特征、数据包组的尾包数据特征、数据包组的发送时间窗、数据包组发送间隔、业务数据流速率。
步骤503，UPF根据业务数据流的第一特征信息，识别业务数据流中的数据包组。
也即，业务数据流是以数据包组的形式发送到UPF的。
其中，UPF可以根据以下方法识别业务数据流中的各个数据包组：
方法一，UPF根据首包数据特征识别数据包组的首包，根据尾包数据特征识别数据包组的尾包。
比如，当UPF接收到的第一特征信息中包含业务数据流的首包数据特征和尾包数据特征时，则UPF可以基于业务数据流的首包数据特征和尾包数据特征，识别出每个数据包组的首包和尾包，其中，首包、尾包，以及首包与尾包之间的数据包同属于一个数据包组，因而UPF可以识别出每个数据包组。
方法二，UPF根据数据包组发送间隔，识别业务数据流的数据包组。
比如，当UPF接收到的第一特征信息包括数据包组发送间隔，则UPF可以根据上述方法一识别出业务数据流的第一个数据包组，而对于第一个数据包组之后的数据包组，则可以采用上述方法一进行识别，或者也可以采用该方法二进行识别。
作为一种实现方法，UPF在识别出业务数据流的各个数据包组之后，可以在同一个数据包组内的各个数据包中添加相同的数据包组标识。比如，在第N个数据包组的每个数据包的包头中添加数据包组标识K，在第N+1个数据包组的每个数据包的包头中添加数据包组标识K+1，在第N+2个数据包组的每个数据包的包头中添加数据包组标识K+2，以此类推。在将属于同一个数据包组的数据包打上相同的数据包组标识之后，RAN可以基于数据包组标识识别数据包组。基于该实现方法，可以解决上述提到的问题4)，从而提升数据传输效率。
作为一种实现方法，在UPF对数据包组的数据包添加相同的数据包组标识之前或者之后，UPF还可以根据实际需要，根据第一特征信息进行数组包组的调度处理，如可以对接收到的业务数据流进行流量整形。例如，当UPF接收到的第一特征信息包括数据包组对应的脉冲个数、数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率和脉冲间隔，则UPF可以根据数据包组对应的脉冲个数、数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率和脉冲间隔，降低数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率，使降低后的数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率不超过预配置的最大脉冲峰值速率，最大脉冲峰值速率为单个业务数据流的最大脉冲峰值速率、或多个业务数据流的汇聚最大脉冲峰值速率。再比如，当UPF接收到的第一特征信息包括数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率和脉冲间隔， 则UPF可以根据数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率和脉冲间隔，降低数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率，使降低后的数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率不超过预配置的最大脉冲峰值速率，最大脉冲峰值速率为单个业务数据流的最大脉冲峰值速率、或多个业务数据流的汇聚最大脉冲峰值速率。可选的，最大脉冲峰值速率可以是UPF从会话管理网元接收到的。基于该实现方法，可以解决上述提到的问题3)，从而提升数据传输效率。
如图6所示，为针对单个突发类型的业务数据流进行流量整形的示意图。其中，流量整形的方法主要是通过增加传输时延从而降低传输速率，使得数据包组的脉冲低于预配置的最大脉冲峰值速率。可以看出，流量整形之前，一个数据包组的两个脉冲的脉冲峰值速率都超出了预配置的最大脉冲峰值速率，该最大脉冲峰值速率为单个业务数据流的最大脉冲峰值速率。而流量整形之后，一个数据包组的两个脉冲的脉冲峰值速率都低于预配置的最大脉冲峰值速率。
如图7所示，为针对两个突发类型的业务数据流进行流量整形的示意图。其中，流量整形的方法主要是通过增加单个业务数据流的传输时延从而可以降低单个业务数据流的传输速率，和/或，将两个业务数据流的脉冲进行错峰发送，从而使得两个业务数据流的聚合流量的脉冲峰值速率低于预配置的最大脉冲峰值速率，该最大脉冲峰值速率为多个业务数据流的汇聚最大脉冲峰值速率。可以看出，流量整形之前，两个数据组包的脉冲在峰值上叠加，两个业务数据流的数据包组的聚合流量的脉冲峰值速率高于预配置的最大脉冲峰值速率。而流量整形之后，两个数据组包的脉冲在峰值上错开，两个业务数据流的数据包组的聚合流量的脉冲峰值速率低于预配置的最大脉冲峰值速率。需要说明的是，针对三个或三个以上的突发类型的业务数据流的流量整形方法，与该两个突发类型的业务数据流进行流量整形方法类似，不再赘述。
需要说明的是，以上是针对突发类型的业务数据流的流量整形方法进行说明，对于速率平均型的业务数据流，其流量整形方法可以是：当UPF接收到的第一特征信息包括业务数据流速率，则UPF可以根据业务数据流速率，降低数据包组对应的业务数据流速率，使降低后的数据包组对应的业务数据流速率不超过预配置的最大业务数据流速率，该业务数据流速率为单个业务数据流的最大业务数据流速率、或多个业务数据流的汇聚最大业务数据流速率。可选的，最大业务数据流速率可以是UPF从会话管理网元接收到的。
通过以上方法，UPF可以将数据包组打上标签(即添加数据包组标识)和/或进行流量整形，并将打上标签和/或流量整形之后的数据包组发送至RAN。
步骤504，UPF向RAN发送数据包组。相应地，RAN可以接收到数据包组。
步骤505，RAN识别业务数据流的数据包组。
当UPF以数据包组的形式将业务数据流发送至RAN，RAN也需要对业务数据流的数据包组进行识别。
其中，RAN可以根据以下方法识别业务数据流中的各个数据包组：
方法一，RAN根据数据包组标识，识别各个数据包组。
比如，当UPF将在属于同一个数据包组的各个数据包内添加了相同的数据包组标识，且不同数据包组的数据包组标识不同，则RAN可以根据数据包组标识来识别各个数据包组。
方法二，RAN根据数据包组发送间隔，识别业务数据流的数据包组。
比如，当RAN接收到的第二特征信息包括数据包组发送间隔，则RAN可以根据上述 方法一识别出业务数据流的第一个数据包组，而对于第一个数据包组之后的数据包组，则可以采用上述方法一进行识别，或者也可以采用该方法二进行识别。
步骤506，RAN根据第二特征信息，发送数据包组。
作为一种实现方法，RAN在向终端设备发送数据包组时，RAN可以根据第二特征信息，确定所述数据包组的调度策略，然后根据数据包组的调度策略，发送所述数据包组。例如，当RAN接收到的第二特征信息包括数据包组的发送时间窗，则RAN根据第二特征信息，确定所述数据包组的调度策略，包括：RAN确定数据包组的发送时间窗对应的多个时间段，及多个时间段分别对应的调度策略，其中，在时间上靠后的时间段对应的调度策略所指示的发送速率高于在时间上靠前的时间段对应的调度策略所指示的发送速率，RAN根据数据包组的调度策略，发送所述数据包组，包括：RAN根据多个时间段分别对应的调度策略，发送数据包组。基于该方法，可以加快处于数据包组的发送时间窗靠后时间位置的数据包的发送速率，从而使得一个数据包组能够在一个时间窗内发送完毕，进而有助于避免丢包问题。例如，将数据包组的发送时间窗分为两个时间段，其中在时间上靠前的时间段内采用调制与编码策略(Modulation and Coding Scheme，MCS)-16，在时间上靠后的时间段内采用MSC-24等。基于该实现方法，可以解决上述提到的问题1)，从而提升数据传输效率。
作为一种实现方法，RAN在向终端设备发送数据包组时，当RAN接收到的第二特征信息包括数据包组的发送时间窗，则当数据包组的第一数据包初传失败，则RAN根据数据包组的发送时间窗，确定数据包组的剩余发送时间，当第一数据包的重传时间大于数据包组的剩余发送时间，RAN丢弃第一数据包。基于该实现方法，可以解决上述提到的问题2)，从而提升数据传输效率。
作为一种实现方法，RAN在向终端设备发送数据包组时，还可以根据数据包组发送间隔，进行数据包组的传输资源的调度。比如，RAN可以预先确定发送该数据包组的发送时机和子载波，进而根据数据包组的发送时机和用于发送数据包组的子载波，向终端设备发送数据包组。比如，RAN可以根据数据包组发送间隔，从终端设备接收信道状态信息(Channel State Information，CSI)，然后根据CSI指示的一个或多个子载波的状态信息，确定数据包组的发送时机和用于发送数据包组的子载波。比如，RAN接收到的第二特征信息包括数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率和脉冲间隔，则RAN可以根据CSI指示的一个或多个子载波的状态信息、脉冲峰值速率和脉冲间隔，确定发送数据包组对子载波的质量要求和容量要求，然后根据发送数据包组对子载波的质量要求和容量要求确定数据包组的发送时机和用于发送数据包组的子载波。
其中，RAN可以根据数据包组发送间隔，从终端设备接收信CSI的方法包括但不限于以下方法一至方法三。
方法一，RAN向终端设备发送配置信息，配置信息包括指示信息和数据包组发送间隔，该指示信息用于指示终端设备上报CSI的周期与数据包组发送间隔相同；RAN从终端设备接收CSI。
也即，RAN指示终端设备周期性地向RAN上报CSI，且上报CSI的周期等于数据包组发送间隔。
方法二，RAN向终端设备发送配置信息，配置信息包括指示信息和数据包组发送间隔，指示信息用于指示终端设备上报CSI的周期与数据包组发送间隔相同以及指示终端设备在 数据包组到达前的第一时长上报CSI；RAN从终端设备接收CSI。
也即，RAN指示终端设备周期性地向RAN上报CSI，且上报CSI的周期等于数据包组发送间隔。并且终端设备每次上报CSI都比从RAN接收到数据包组提前第一时长。因此，RAN可以基于接收到的CSI来确定接下来要发送的数据包组所占用的发送时机和子载波。
方法三，RAN根据数据包组发送间隔，确定数据包组的到达时间；RAN在数据包组到达前的第二时长，向终端设备发送下行控制信息(Downlink control information，DCI)，用于指示终端设备上报CSI；RAN从终端设备接收CSI。
也即，RAN在从UPF接收到一个数据包组之前的第二时长所在的时刻，向终端设备发送DCI，以指示终端设备上报CSI，从而RAN可以基于接收到的CSI来确定接下来要发送的数据包组所占用的发送时机和子载波。
基于上述实施例，可以基于预先获得的业务数据流的特征信息来识别业务数据流的数据包组，或根据业务数据流的特征信息来发送业务数据流，从而提升业务数据流的传输效率。进一步的，UPF还可以在同一个数据包组的数据包内添加相同的数据包组标识，以及还可以实施流量整形，减少了大速率的业务对网络传输的压力，从而进一步的达到数据传输效率。进一步的，RAN可以对同一个发送时间窗的不同时间段实施不同的调度策略，以保障一个数据包组可以在一个发送时间窗内发送完毕，保障了业务数据流的可靠传输。
作为示例，下面结合具体实施例，对上述图5所示的实施例进行说明。
如图8所示，为申请实施例提供的另一种通信方法示意图。该方法给出了业务数据流信息的配置过程，具体的，由AF通过NEF将业务数据流信息提供给网络。其中，业务数据流信息包括应用的标识、业务数据流的标识信息、业务数据流的QoS需求、或业务数据流的特征信息中的至少一个，具体说明参考前述描述。
该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤801，AF向NEF发送第一请求。相应地，NEF可以接收到该第一请求。
其中，第一请求中携带新增的业务数据流信息、或更新的业务数据流信息。
在一种实现方法中，AF准备增加新的业务数据流信息时，AF向NEF发送第一请求，该第一请求可以是业务数据流创建请求，比如具体可以是PFDManagement_Create Request，业务数据流创建请求携带新增的业务数据流信息。
在另一种实现方法中，AF准备更新现有的业务数据流信息时，AF向NEF发送第一请求，该第一请求可以是业务数据流更新请求，比如具体可以是PFDManagement_Update Request，业务数据流更新请求携带更新的业务数据流信息。
步骤802，NEF更新NEF上保存的业务数据流信息。
比如，NEF先判断是否允许第一请求，如果允许则更新NEF上保存的业务数据流信息。比如，若第一请求携带新增的业务数据流信息，则NEF根据新增的业务数据流信息，更新NEF上保存的业务数据流信息。再比如，若第一请求携带更新的业务数据流信息，则NEF根据更新的业务数据流信息，更新NEF上保存的业务数据流信息。
步骤803，NEF向AF发送第一响应。相应地，AF可以接收到该第一响应。
该第一响应用于通知AF的请求处理成功。
当然，如果上述步骤802中，NEF确定不允许第一请求、或NEF更新业务数据流信 息失败，则第一响应用于通知AF的请求处理失败。
第一响应具体可以是业务数据流创建响应、或业务数据流更新响应。
步骤804，NEF向UDR发送第二请求。相应地，UDR可以接收到该第二请求。
其中，第二请求中携带新增的业务数据流信息、或更新的业务数据流信息。
在一种实现方法中，NEF准备增加新的业务数据流信息时，NEF向UDR发送第二请求，该第二请求可以是数据管理创建请求(DM_Create Request)，数据管理创建请求携带新增的业务数据流信息。
在另一种实现方法中，NEF准备更新现有的业务数据流信息时，NEF向UDR发送第二请求，该第二请求可以是数据管理更新请求(DM_Update Request)，数据管理更新请求携带更新的业务数据流信息。
步骤805，UDR更新UDR上保存的业务数据流信息。
比如，若第二请求携带新增的业务数据流信息，则UDR根据新增的业务数据流信息，更新UDR上保存的业务数据流信息。再比如，若第二请求携带更新的业务数据流信息，则UDR根据更新的业务数据流信息，更新UDR上保存的业务数据流信息。
步骤806，UDR向NEF发送第二响应。相应地，NEF可以接收到该第二响应。
该第二响应用于通知NEF的请求处理成功。
当然，如果上述步骤805中，UDR更新业务数据流信息失败，则第二响应用于通知NEF的请求处理失败。
第二响应具体可以是数据管理创建响应(DM_Create Response)、或数据管理更新响应(DM_Update Response)。
步骤807，SMF确定需要获取业务数据流信息。
比如，SMF上设置一个定时器，每到设定时长触发SMF获取业务数据流信息。
其中，SMF确定需要获取业务数据流信息，可以是确定需要获取新增的业务数据流信息、或确定需要获取更新的业务数据流信息。
步骤808，SMF向NEF发送第三请求。相应地，NEF可以接收到该第三请求。
该第三请求用于请求获取业务数据流信息。
比如，第三请求可以是PFDManagement_Fetch Request。
步骤809，NEF向SMF发送第三响应。相应地，SMF可以接收到该第三响应。
该第三响应携带新增的业务数据流信息、或更新的业务数据流信息。
比如，第三响应可以是PFDManagement_Fetch Response。
SMF接收到新增的业务数据流信息、或更新的业务数据流信息后，在SMF上保存新增的业务数据流信息、或更新的业务数据流信息。
上述步骤807至步骤809是由SMF主动向NEF请求获取业务数据流信息，作为另一种实现方法，还可以是由NEF在接收到新增的业务数据流信息、或更新的业务数据流信息后，主动向SMF上报新增的业务数据流信息、或更新的业务数据流信息。或者，作为另一种实现方法，还可以是由SMF主动向UDR请求获取业务数据流信息。
步骤810，SMF向UPF发送第四请求。相应地，UPF可以接收到该第四请求。
其中，第四请求中携带新增的业务数据流的标识信息、或更新的业务数据流的标识信息。
比如，第四请求可以是PFDManagement Request。
UPF可以按照新增的业务数据流的标识信息、或更新的业务数据流的标识信息进行数据流检测，识别新的业务数据流。
上述实施例中，由AF提供新增的业务数据流信息、或更新的业务数据流信息，并更新至网络中的NEF、UDR和SMF。在具体实现中，可以是仅更新至网络中的NEF、UDR、SMF中的一个或多个网元，或者还可以是更新至网络中的其他网元，如AMF、PCF等。
以及，还将业务数据流信息中的业务数据流的标识信息更新至UPF，使得UPF可以开始检测新的业务数据流。
基于上述实施例，可以使网络获取和配置指定的业务数据流信息，从而可以检测到对应的业务数据流，后续可以基于业务数据流信息进行数据流的传输。而现有技术中不支持将业务数据流信息提供给网络。
如图9所示，为申请实施例提供的另一种通信方法示意图。该方法给出了业务数据流的特征信息的配置过程。
该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤901，终端设备中的应用与AF建立应用的业务数据流连接。
其中，该业务数据流的IP三元组或URL，与AF预先提供给网络的业务数据流信息中的IP三元组或URL保持一致。比如，AF按照图8实施例的方法向网络提供了业务数据流信息，则该步骤901的业务数据流的IP三元组或URL，与图8实施例的业务数据流信息中的IP三元组或URL保持一致。
步骤902，UPF根据配置的包检测规则做包检测，检测到有指定的业务对应的业务数据流时，向PCF发送事件报告，事件报告中携带检测的分组数据流描述(Packet Flow Description，PFD)标识。
比如，若UPF上预先配置了业务对应的业务数据流信息(比如通过图8实施例的步骤810配置的)，则该UPF可以将业务数据流信息中的IP三元组或URL作为包检测规则的参数，来进行包检测。
步骤903，PCF向SMF发送策略计费控制(Policy and Charging Control，PCC)规则。相应地，SMF可以接收到PCC规则。
PCF可以先从UDR、或SMF等网元获取业务数据流信息，然后根据业务数据流信息生成PCC规则。当业务采用多数据流传输时，PCF提供为每个业务数据流生成一个PCC规则，然后PCF向SMF发送PCC规则。每个PCC规则包括应用的标识、业务数据流的标识信息、业务数据流的特征信息和业务数据流的整形策略，其中，整形策略中包含最大脉冲峰值速率、或最大业务数据流速率。
作为一种实现方法，该步骤中PCF可以向SMF发送SMF initiated SM_Policy Association Modefication Request，其中携带PCC规则。
步骤904，SMF向UPF发送至少一个业务数据流的配置信息。相应地，UPF可以接收到至少一个业务数据流的配置信息。
每个业务数据流对应一个配置信息，配置信息包含应用的标识、业务数据流的标识信息、业务数据流的特征信息和业务数据流的整形策略。需要说明的是，业务数据流的特征信息也可以称为业务数据流的第一特征信息。其中，业务数据流的第一特征信息中包含的内容可以参考图5实施例的相关描述，这里不再赘述。
SMF通过可以通过N4消息(如N4 PDU Establishment Modification Request、或N4 PDU Session Modification Request)将多个数据流的配置信息发送给UPF。
其中，UPF根据业务数据流的第一特征信息，来识别业务数据流或对业务数据流进行整形的具体实现方法，可以参考图5实施例的相关描述，不再赘述。
步骤905，SMF通过AMF将至少一个业务数据流的配置信息发送给RAN。相应地，RAN可以接收到至少一个业务数据流的配置信息。
每个业务数据流对应一个配置信息，配置信息包含应用的标识、业务数据流的标识信息和业务数据流的特征信息。需要说明的是，业务数据流的特征信息也可以称为业务数据流的第二特征信息。其中，业务数据流的第二特征信息中包含的内容可以参考图5实施例的相关描述，这里不再赘述。
其中，RAN根据业务数据流的第二特征信息，来识别或发送业务数据流的具体实现方法，可以参考图5实施例的相关描述，不再赘述。
基于上述实施例，在终端设备中的应用与AF建立应用的业务数据流连接之后，可以将业务数据流的配置信息发送给RAN和UPF，由RAN和UPF根据配置信息进行业务数据流的调度和传输控制，从而可以提升业务数据流的传输效率。
上述主要从各个网元之间交互的角度对本申请提供的方案进行了介绍。可以理解的是，上述实现各网元为了实现上述功能，其包含了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，本发明能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件的结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本发明的范围。
可以理解的是，上述各个方法实施例中，对应由接入网设备实现的步骤或者操作，也可以由配置于接入网设备的部件(例如芯片或者电路)实现，对应由用户面网元实现的步骤或者操作，也可以由配置于用户面网元的部件(例如芯片或者电路)实现。
参考图10，为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的示意图。该装置用于实现上述图5、图8、或图9实施例中对应用户面网元所执行的各个步骤，如图10所示，该装置1000包括发送单元1010、接收单元1020和识别单元1030。可选的，该装置1000还包括添加单元1040、整形单元1050。
接收单元1020，用于接收业务数据流的特征信息，所述特征信息用于描述所述业务数据流的特征；识别单元1030，用于根据所述业务数据流的特征信息，识别所述业务数据流中的数据包组；发送单元1010，用于向接入网设备发送所述数据包组。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述特征信息包括所述数据包组的首包数据特征和尾包特征；所述识别单元1030，具体用于根据所述首包数据特征，识别所述数据包组的首包；根据所述尾包数据特征，识别所述数据包组的尾包。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述特征信息包括数据包组发送间隔，所述数据包组发送间隔用于指示所述业务数据流的两个相邻数据包组之间的发送时间间隔；所述识别单元1030，具体用于根据所述数据包组发送间隔，识别所述业务数据流的数据包组。
在一种可能的实现方法中，添加单元1040，用于在所述数据包组内的各个数据包中添 加相同的数据包组标识。
在一种可能的实现方法中，整形单元1050，用于根据所述特征信息，进行所述数组包组的调度处理。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述特征信息包括所述数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率和脉冲间隔，所述脉冲间隔为所述数据包组对应的两个相邻脉冲之间的发送时间间隔；整形单元1050，具体用于根据所述数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率和所述脉冲间隔，降低所述数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率，使降低后的所述数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率不超过预配置的最大脉冲峰值速率，所述最大脉冲峰值速率为单个业务数据流的最大脉冲峰值速率、或多个业务数据流的汇聚最大脉冲峰值速率。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述接收单元1020，还用于从会话管理网元接收所述最大脉冲峰值速率。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述特征信息来自应用服务器；或者，所述特征信息来自数据库，所述数据库中的所述特征信息来自应用服务器；或者，所述特征信息来自会话管理网元，所述会话管理网元中的所述特征信息来自应用服务器。
可选的，上述通信装置1000还可以包括存储单元，该存储单元用于存储数据或者指令(也可以称为代码或者程序)，上述各个单元可以和存储单元交互或者耦合，以实现对应的方法或者功能。例如，识别单元1030、添加单元1040和整形单元1050可以读取存储单元中的数据或者指令，使得通信装置实现上述实施例中的方法。
应理解以上装置中单元的划分仅仅是一种逻辑功能的划分，实际实现时可以全部或部分集成到一个物理实体上，也可以物理上分开。且装置中的单元可以全部以软件通过处理元件调用的形式实现；也可以全部以硬件的形式实现；还可以部分单元以软件通过处理元件调用的形式实现，部分单元以硬件的形式实现。例如，各个单元可以为单独设立的处理元件，也可以集成在装置的某一个芯片中实现，此外，也可以以程序的形式存储于存储器中，由装置的某一个处理元件调用并执行该单元的功能。此外这些单元全部或部分可以集成在一起，也可以独立实现。这里所述的处理元件又可以成为处理器，可以是一种具有信号的处理能力的集成电路。在实现过程中，上述方法的各步骤或以上各个单元可以通过处理器元件中的硬件的集成逻辑电路实现或者以软件通过处理元件调用的形式实现。
在一个例子中，以上任一装置中的单元可以是被配置成实施以上方法的一个或多个集成电路，例如：一个或多个特定集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)，或，一个或多个微处理器(digital singnal processor，DSP)，或，一个或者多个现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)，或这些集成电路形式中至少两种的组合。再如，当装置中的单元可以通过处理元件调度程序的形式实现时，该处理元件可以是通用处理器，例如中央处理器(Central Processing Unit，CPU)或其它可以调用程序的处理器。再如，这些单元可以集成在一起，以片上系统(system-on-a-chip，SOC)的形式实现。
以上发送单元1010是一种该装置的接口电路，用于向其它装置发送信号。例如，当该装置以芯片的方式实现时，该发送单元1010是该芯片用于向其它芯片或装置发送信号的接口电路。以上接收单元1020是一种该装置的接口电路，用于从其它装置接收信号。例如，当该装置以芯片的方式实现时，该接收单元1020是该芯片用于从其它芯片或装置接收信号的接口电路。
参考图11，为本申请实施例提供的又一种通信装置的示意图。该装置用于实现上述图5、图8或图9实施例中对应接入网设备所执行的各个步骤，如图11所示，该装置1100包括发送单元1110、接收单元1120和识别单元1130。可选的，该装置1100还包括确定单元1140。
接收单元1120，用于接收业务数据流的特征信息，所述特征信息用于描述所述业务数据流的特征；以及，从用户面网元接收所述业务数据流；识别单元1130，用于识别所述业务数据流的数据包组；发送单元1110，用于根据所述特征信息，发送所述数据包组。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述识别单元1130，具体用于：确定所述业务数据流中的携带相同数据包组标识的数据包，属于同一数据包组；或者，所述特征信息包括数据包组发送间隔，所述数据包组发送间隔用于指示所述业务数据流的两个相邻数据包组之间的发送时间间隔；根据所述数据包组发送间隔，识别所述数据包组。
在一种可能的实现方法中，发送单元1110，用于根据所述特征信息，确定所述数据包组的调度策略；根据所述数据包组的调度策略，发送所述数据包组。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述特征信息包括所述数据包组的发送时间窗，所述数据包组的发送时间窗用于指示发送所述数据包组的最大发送时长；所述发送单元1110，具体用于确定所述数据包组的发送时间窗对应的多个时间段，及所述多个时间段分别对应的调度策略，其中，在时间上靠后的时间段对应的调度策略所指示的发送速率高于在时间上靠前的时间段对应的调度策略所指示的发送速率；根据所述多个时间段分别对应的调度策略，发送所述数据包组。
在一种可能的实现方法中，确定单元1140，用于根据所述数据包组发送间隔，进行所述数据包组的传输资源的调度。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述特征信息包括数据包组发送间隔，所述数据包组发送间隔用于指示所述业务数据流的两个相邻数据包组之间的发送时间间隔；所述接收单元1120，还用于根据所述数据包组发送间隔，从终端设备接收信道状态信息CSI；确定单元1140，用于根据所述数据包组发送间隔，进行所述数据包组的传输资源的调度，具体包括：用于根据所述CSI指示的一个或多个子载波的状态信息，确定所述数据包组的发送时机和用于发送所述数据包组的子载波；所述发送单元1110，用于根据所述特征信息，发送所述数据包组，具体包括：根据所述数据包组的发送时机和用于发送所述数据包组的子载波，发送所述数据包组。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述特征信息还包括所述数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率和脉冲间隔，所述脉冲间隔为所述数据包组对应的两个相邻脉冲之间的发送时间间隔；所述确定单元1140，具体用于根据所述CSI指示的一个或多个子载波的状态信息、所述脉冲峰值速率和所述脉冲间隔，确定发送所述数据包组对子载波的质量要求和容量要求；根据发送所述数据包组对子载波的质量要求和容量要求，确定所述数据包组的发送时机和用于发送所述数据包组的子载波。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述发送单元1110，还用于向所述终端设备发送配置信息，所述配置信息包括指示信息和所述数据包组发送间隔，所述指示信息用于指示所述终端设备上报CSI的周期与所述数据包组发送间隔相同；所述接收单元1120，用于从所述终端设备接收所述CSI。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述指示信息还用于指示所述终端设备在所述数据包组到 达前的第一时长上报CSI。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述确定单元1140，还用于备根据所述数据包组发送间隔，确定所述数据包组的到达时间；所述发送单元1110，还用于在所述数据包组到达前的第二时长，向所述终端设备发送下行控制信息DCI，用于指示所述终端设备上报CSI；所述接收单元1120，用于从所述终端设备接收所述CSI。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述特征信息包括所述数据包组的发送时间窗，所述数据包组的发送时间窗用于指示发送所述数据包组的最大发送时长；发送单元1110，用于根据所述特征信息，发送所述数据包组，具体用于：用于当所述数据包组的第一数据包初传失败，根据所述数据包组的发送时间窗，确定所述数据包组的剩余发送时间；当所述第一数据包的重传时间大于所述数据包组的剩余发送时间，丢弃所述第一数据包。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述特征信息来自应用服务器；或者，所述特征信息来自数据库，所述数据库中的所述特征信息来自应用服务器；或者，所述特征信息来自会话管理网元，所述会话管理网元中的所述特征信息来自应用服务器。
可选的，上述通信装置1100还可以包括存储单元，该存储单元用于存储数据或者指令(也可以称为代码或者程序)，上述各个单元可以和存储单元交互或者耦合，以实现对应的方法或者功能。
应理解以上装置中单元的划分仅仅是一种逻辑功能的划分，实际实现时可以全部或部分集成到一个物理实体上，也可以物理上分开。且装置中的单元可以全部以软件通过处理元件调用的形式实现；也可以全部以硬件的形式实现；还可以部分单元以软件通过处理元件调用的形式实现，部分单元以硬件的形式实现。例如，各个单元可以为单独设立的处理元件，也可以集成在装置的某一个芯片中实现，此外，也可以以程序的形式存储于存储器中，由装置的某一个处理元件调用并执行该单元的功能。此外这些单元全部或部分可以集成在一起，也可以独立实现。这里所述的处理元件又可以成为处理器，可以是一种具有信号的处理能力的集成电路。在实现过程中，上述方法的各步骤或以上各个单元可以通过处理器元件中的硬件的集成逻辑电路实现或者以软件通过处理元件调用的形式实现。
在一个例子中，以上任一装置中的单元可以是被配置成实施以上方法的一个或多个集成电路，例如：一个或多个特定集成电路(ASIC)，或，一个或多个微处理器(DSP)，或，一个或者多个现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)，或这些集成电路形式中至少两种的组合。再如，当装置中的单元可以通过处理元件调度程序的形式实现时，该处理元件可以是通用处理器，例如中央处理器(CPU)或其它可以调用程序的处理器。再如，这些单元可以集成在一起，以片上系统(SOC)的形式实现。
以上发送单元1110是一种该装置的接口电路，用于向其它装置发送信号。例如，当该装置以芯片的方式实现时，该发送单元1110是该芯片用于向其它芯片或装置发送信号的接口电路。以上接收单元1120是一种该装置的接口电路，用于从其它装置接收信号。例如，当该装置以芯片的方式实现时，该接收单元1120是该芯片用于从其它芯片或装置接收信号的接口电路。
参考图12，为本申请实施例提供的一种接入网设备的结构示意图。该接入网设备用于实现以上实施例中接入网设备的操作。如图12所示，该接入网设备包括：天线1210、射频装置1220、基带装置1230。天线1210与射频装置1220连接。在上行方向上，射频装 置1220通过天线1210接收终端设备发送的信息，将终端设备发送的信息发送给基带装置1230进行处理。在下行方向上，基带装置1230对终端设备的信息进行处理，并发送给射频装置1220，射频装置1220对终端设备的信息进行处理后经过天线1210发送给终端设备。
基带装置1230可以包括一个或多个处理元件1231，例如，包括一个主控CPU和其它集成电路，以及还包括接口1233。此外，该基带装置1230还可以包括存储元件1232，存储元件1232用于存储程序和数据；接口1233用于与射频装置1220交互信息，该接口例如为通用公共无线接口(common public radio interface，CPRI)。以上用于接入网设备的装置可以位于基带装置1230，例如，以上用于接入网设备的装置可以为基带装置1230上的芯片，该芯片包括至少一个处理元件和接口电路，其中处理元件用于执行以上接入网设备执行的任一种方法的各个步骤，接口电路用于与其它装置通信。在一种实现中，接入网设备实现以上方法中各个步骤的单元可以通过处理元件调度程序的形式实现，例如用于接入网设备的装置包括处理元件和存储元件，处理元件调用存储元件存储的程序，以执行以上方法实施例中接入网设备执行的方法。存储元件可以为处理元件处于同一芯片上的存储元件，即片内存储元件，也可以为与处理元件处于不同芯片上的存储元件，即片外存储元件。
在另一种实现中，接入网设备实现以上方法中各个步骤的单元可以是被配置成一个或多个处理元件，这些处理元件设置于基带装置上，这里的处理元件可以为集成电路，例如：一个或多个ASIC，或，一个或多个DSP，或，一个或者多个FPGA，或者这些类集成电路的组合。这些集成电路可以集成在一起，构成芯片。
接入网设备实现以上方法中各个步骤的单元可以集成在一起，以SOC的形式实现，例如，基带装置包括该SOC芯片，用于实现以上方法。该芯片内可以集成至少一个处理元件和存储元件，由处理元件调用存储元件的存储的程序的形式实现以上接入网设备执行的方法；或者，该芯片内可以集成至少一个集成电路，用于实现以上接入网设备执行的方法；或者，可以结合以上实现方式，部分单元的功能通过处理元件调用程序的形式实现，部分单元的功能通过集成电路的形式实现。
可见，以上用于接入网设备的装置可以包括至少一个处理元件和接口电路，其中至少一个处理元件用于执行以上方法实施例所提供的任一种接入网设备执行的方法。处理元件可以以第一种方式：即调用存储元件存储的程序的方式执行接入网设备执行的部分或全部步骤；也可以以第二种方式：即通过处理器元件中的硬件的集成逻辑电路结合指令的方式执行接入网设备执行的部分或全部步骤；当然，也可以结合第一种方式和第二种方式执行以上接入网设备执行的部分或全部步骤。
这里的处理元件同以上描述，可以是通用处理器，例如CPU，还可以是被配置成实施以上方法的一个或多个集成电路，例如：一个或多个ASIC，或，一个或多个微处理器DSP，或，一个或者多个FPGA等，或这些集成电路形式中至少两种的组合。存储元件可以是一个存储器，也可以是多个存储元件的统称。
参考图13，为本申请实施例提供的一种用户面网元示意图，用于实现以上实施例中用户面网元的操作。如图13所示，该用户面网元包括：处理器1310和接口1330，可选的，该用户面网元还包括存储器1320。接口1330用于实现与其他设备进行通信。
以上实施例中用户面网元执行的方法可以通过处理器1310调用存储器(可以是用户面网元中的存储器1320，也可以是外部存储器)中存储的程序来实现。即，用户面网元可 以包括处理器1310，该处理器1310通过调用存储器中的程序，以执行以上方法实施例中的用户面网元执行的方法。这里的处理器可以是一种具有信号的处理能力的集成电路，例如CPU。用户面网元可以通过配置成实施以上方法的一个或多个集成电路来实现。例如：一个或多个ASIC，或，一个或多个微处理器DSP，或，一个或者多个FPGA等，或这些集成电路形式中至少两种的组合。或者，可以结合以上实现方式。
具体的，图10中的发送单元1010、接收单元1020、识别单元1030、添加单元1040和整形单元1050的功能/实现过程可以通过图13所示的用户面网元1300中的处理器1310调用存储器1320中存储的计算机可执行指令来实现。或者，图10中的识别单元1030、添加单元1040和整形单元1050的功能/实现过程可以通过图13所示的用户面网元1300中的处理器1310调用存储器1320中存储的计算机执行指令来实现，图10中的发送单元1010和接收单元1020的功能/实现过程可以通过图13中所示的用户面网元1300中的接口1330来实现。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解：本申请中涉及的第一、第二等各种数字编号仅为描述方便进行的区分，并不用来限制本申请实施例的范围，也表示先后顺序。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。“至少一个”是指一个或者多个。至少两个是指两个或者多个。“至少一个”、“任意一个”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a,b,或c中的至少一项(个、种)，可以表示：a,b,c,a-b,a-c,b-c,或a-b-c，其中a,b,c可以是单个，也可以是多个。“多个”是指两个或两个以上，其它量词与之类似。
应理解，在本申请的各种实施例中，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本发明实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包括一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘(solid state disk，SSD))等。
本申请实施例中所描述的各种说明性的逻辑单元和电路可以通过通用处理器，数字信号处理器，专用集成电路(ASIC)，现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)或其它可编程逻辑装置，离散门或晶体管逻辑，离散硬件部件，或上述任何组合的设计来实现或操作所描述的功能。 通用处理器可以为微处理器，可选地，该通用处理器也可以为任何传统的处理器、控制器、微控制器或状态机。处理器也可以通过计算装置的组合来实现，例如数字信号处理器和微处理器，多个微处理器，一个或多个微处理器联合一个数字信号处理器核，或任何其它类似的配置来实现。
本申请实施例中所描述的方法或算法的步骤可以直接嵌入硬件、处理器执行的软件单元、或者这两者的结合。软件单元可以存储于随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、闪存、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、EPROM存储器、EEPROM存储器、寄存器、硬盘、可移动磁盘、CD-ROM或本领域中其它任意形式的存储媒介中。示例性地，存储媒介可以与处理器连接，以使得处理器可以从存储媒介中读取信息，并可以向存储媒介存写信息。可选地，存储媒介还可以集成到处理器中。处理器和存储媒介可以设置于ASIC中。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
在一个或多个示例性的设计中，本申请所描述的上述功能可以在硬件、软件、固件或这三者的任意组合来实现。如果在软件中实现，这些功能可以存储与电脑可读的媒介上，或以一个或多个指令或代码形式传输于电脑可读的媒介上。电脑可读媒介包括电脑存储媒介和便于使得让电脑程序从一个地方转移到其它地方的通信媒介。存储媒介可以是任何通用或特殊电脑可以接入访问的可用媒体。例如，这样的电脑可读媒体可以包括但不限于RAM、ROM、EEPROM、CD-ROM或其它光盘存储、磁盘存储或其它磁性存储装置，或其它任何可以用于承载或存储以指令或数据结构和其它可被通用或特殊电脑、或通用或特殊处理器读取形式的程序代码的媒介。此外，任何连接都可以被适当地定义为电脑可读媒介，例如，如果软件是从一个网站站点、服务器或其它远程资源通过一个同轴电缆、光纤电脑、双绞线、数字用户线(DSL)或以例如红外、无线和微波等无线方式传输的也被包含在所定义的电脑可读媒介中。所述的碟片(disk)和磁盘(disc)包括压缩磁盘、镭射盘、光盘、数字通用光盘(英文：Digital Versatile Disc，简称：DVD)、软盘和蓝光光盘，磁盘通常以磁性复制数据，而碟片通常以激光进行光学复制数据。上述的组合也可以包含在电脑可读媒介中。
本领域技术人员应该可以意识到，在上述一个或多个示例中，本申请所描述的功能可以用硬件、软件、固件或它们的任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以将这些功能存储在计算机可读介质中或者作为计算机可读介质上的一个或多个指令或代码进行传输。计算机可读介质包括计算机存储介质和通信介质，其中通信介质包括便于从一个地方向另一个地方传送计算机程序的任何介质。存储介质可以是通用或专用计算机能够存取的任何可用介质。
以上所述的具体实施方式，对本申请的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上所述仅为本申请的具体实施方式而已，并不用于限定本申请的保护范围，凡在本申请的技术方案的基础之上，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包括在本申请的保护范围之内。本申请说明书的上述描述可以使得本领域技术任何可以利用或实现本申请的内容，任何基于所公开内容的修改都应该被认为是本领域显而易见的， 本申请所描述的基本原则可以应用到其它变形中而不偏离本申请的发明本质和范围。因此，本申请所公开的内容不仅仅局限于所描述的实施例和设计，还可以扩展到与本申请原则和所公开的新特征一致的最大范围。
尽管结合具体特征及其实施例对本申请进行了描述，显而易见的，在不脱离本申请的精神和范围的情况下，可对其进行各种修改和组合。相应地，本说明书和附图仅仅是所附权利要求所界定的本申请的示例性说明，且视为已覆盖本申请范围内的任意和所有修改、变化、组合或等同物。显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包括这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (26)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    用户面网元接收业务数据流的特征信息，所述特征信息用于描述所述业务数据流的特征；
    所述用户面网元根据所述业务数据流的特征信息，识别所述业务数据流中的数据包组；
    所述用户面网元向接入网设备发送所述数据包组。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述特征信息包括所述数据包组的首包数据特征和尾包特征；
    所述用户面网元根据所述业务数据流的特征信息，识别所述业务数据流中的数据包组，包括：
    所述用户面网元根据所述首包数据特征，识别所述数据包组的首包；
    所述用户面网元根据所述尾包数据特征，识别所述数据包组的尾包。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述特征信息包括数据包组发送间隔，所述数据包组发送间隔用于指示所述业务数据流的两个相邻数据包组之间的发送时间间隔；
    所述用户面网元根据所述业务数据流的特征信息，识别所述业务数据流中的数据包组，包括：
    所述用户面网元根据所述数据包组发送间隔，识别所述业务数据流的数据包组。
  4. 如权利要求1-3任一所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述用户面网元在所述数据包组内的各个数据包中添加相同的数据包组标识。
  5. 如权利要求1-4任一所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述用户面网元根据所述特征信息，进行所述数组包组的调度处理。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述特征信息包括所述数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率和脉冲间隔，所述脉冲间隔为所述数据包组对应的两个相邻脉冲之间的发送时间间隔；
    所述用户面网元根据所述特征信息，进行所述数组包组的调度处理，包括：
    所述用户面网元根据所述数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率和所述脉冲间隔，降低所述数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率，使降低后的所述数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率不超过预配置的最大脉冲峰值速率，所述最大脉冲峰值速率为单个业务数据流的最大脉冲峰值速率、或多个业务数据流的汇聚最大脉冲峰值速率。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述用户面网元从会话管理网元接收所述最大脉冲峰值速率。
  8. 如权利要求1-7任一所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述特征信息来自应用服务器；或者，
    所述特征信息来自数据库，所述数据库中的所述特征信息来自应用服务器；或者，
    所述特征信息来自会话管理网元，所述会话管理网元中的所述特征信息来自应用服务器。
  9. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接入网设备接收业务数据流的特征信息，所述特征信息用于描述所述业务数据流的特 征；
    所述接入网设备从用户面网元接收所述业务数据流；
    所述接入网设备识别所述业务数据流的数据包组；
    所述接入网设备根据所述特征信息，发送所述数据包组。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接入网设备识别所述业务数据流的数据包组，包括：
    所述接入网设备确定所述业务数据流中的携带相同数据包组标识的数据包，属于同一数据包组；或者，
    所述特征信息包括数据包组发送间隔，所述数据包组发送间隔用于指示所述业务数据流的两个相邻数据包组之间的发送时间间隔；所述接入网设备根据所述数据包组发送间隔，识别所述数据包组。
  11. 如权利要求9或10所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述接入网设备根据所述特征信息，发送所述数据包组，包括：
    所述接入网设备根据所述特征信息，确定所述数据包组的调度策略；
    所述接入网设备根据所述数据包组的调度策略，发送所述数据包组。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述特征信息包括所述数据包组的发送时间窗，所述数据包组的发送时间窗用于指示发送所述数据包组的最大发送时长；
    所述接入网设备根据所述特征信息，确定所述数据包组的调度策略，包括：
    所述接入网设备确定所述数据包组的发送时间窗对应的多个时间段，及所述多个时间段分别对应的调度策略，其中，在时间上靠后的时间段对应的调度策略所指示的发送速率高于在时间上靠前的时间段对应的调度策略所指示的发送速率；
    所述接入网设备根据所述数据包组的调度策略，发送所述数据包组，包括：
    所述接入网设备根据所述多个时间段分别对应的调度策略，发送所述数据包组。
  13. 如权利要求9或10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述特征信息包括数据包组发送间隔，所述数据包组发送间隔用于指示所述业务数据流的两个相邻数据包组之间的发送时间间隔；
    所述方法还包括：
    所述接入网设备根据所述数据包组发送间隔，进行所述数据包组的传输资源的调度。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接入网设备根据所述数据包组发送间隔，进行所述数据包组的传输资源的调度，包括：
    所述接入网设备根据所述数据包组发送间隔，从终端设备接收信道状态信息CSI；
    所述接入网设备根据所述CSI指示的一个或多个子载波的状态信息，确定所述数据包组的发送时机和用于发送所述数据包组的子载波；
    所述接入网设备根据所述特征信息，发送所述数据包组，包括：
    所述接入网设备根据所述数据包组的发送时机和用于发送所述数据包组的子载波，发送所述数据包组。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述特征信息还包括所述数据包组对应的脉冲峰值速率和脉冲间隔，所述脉冲间隔为所述数据包组对应的两个相邻脉冲之间的发送时间间隔；
    所述接入网设备根据所述CSI指示的一个或多个子载波的状态信息，确定所述数据包 组的发送时机和用于发送所述数据包组的子载波，包括：
    所述接入网设备根据所述CSI指示的一个或多个子载波的状态信息、所述脉冲峰值速率和所述脉冲间隔，确定发送所述数据包组对子载波的质量要求和容量要求；
    所述接入网设备根据发送所述数据包组对子载波的质量要求和容量要求，确定所述数据包组的发送时机和用于发送所述数据包组的子载波。
  16. 如权利要求14或15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接入网设备根据所述数据包组发送间隔，从终端设备接收CSI，包括：
    所述接入网设备向所述终端设备发送配置信息，所述配置信息包括指示信息和所述数据包组发送间隔，所述指示信息用于指示所述终端设备上报CSI的周期与所述数据包组发送间隔相同；
    所述接入网设备从所述终端设备接收所述CSI。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，所述指示信息还用于指示所述终端设备在所述数据包组到达前的第一时长上报CSI。
  18. 如权利要求14或15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接入网设备根据所述数据包组发送间隔，从终端设备接收CSI，包括：
    所述接入网设备根据所述数据包组发送间隔，确定所述数据包组的到达时间；
    所述接入网设备在所述数据包组到达前的第二时长，向所述终端设备发送下行控制信息DCI，用于指示所述终端设备上报CSI；
    所述接入网设备从所述终端设备接收所述CSI。
  19. 如权利要求9或10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述特征信息包括所述数据包组的发送时间窗，所述数据包组的发送时间窗用于指示发送所述数据包组的最大发送时长；
    所述接入网设备根据所述特征信息，发送所述数据包组，包括：
    当所述数据包组的第一数据包初传失败，所述接入网设备根据所述数据包组的发送时间窗，确定所述数据包组的剩余发送时间；
    当所述第一数据包的重传时间大于所述数据包组的剩余发送时间，所述接入网设备丢弃所述第一数据包。
  20. 一种用户面网元，其特征在于，包括：处理器和存储器；所述存储器用于存储计算机执行指令，当所述用户面网元运行时，所述处理器执行所述存储器存储的所述计算机执行指令，以使所述用户面网元执行如权利要求1-8任一项所述的通信方法。
  21. 一种接入网设备，其特征在于，包括：处理器和存储器；所述存储器用于存储计算机执行指令，当所述接入网设备运行时，所述处理器执行所述存储器存储的所述计算机执行指令，以使所述接入网设备执行如权利要求9-19任一项所述的通信方法。
  22. 一种处理装置，其特征在于，包括：
    存储器，用于存储计算机程序；
    处理器，用于从所述存储器调用并运行所述计算机程序，以执行如权利要求1-19任一项所述的通信方法。
  23. 一种芯片系统，其特征在于，包括：
    存储器，用于存储计算机程序；
    处理器，用于从所述存储器调用并运行所述计算机程序，使得安装有所述芯片系统的设备执行如利要求1-19任一项所述的通信方法。
  24. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括计算机程序，当其在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如利要求1-19任一项所述的通信方法。
  25. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，所述计算机程序产品包括计算机程序，当所述计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如利要求1-19任一项所述的通信方法。
  26. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，包括用于执行如权利要求1-8任一所述通信方法的用户面网元，和用于执行如权利要求9-19任一所述通信方法的接入网设备。
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