WO2021248638A1 - Système de surveillance en temps réel en ligne d'une fabrication additive métallique par de multiples dispositifs de surveillance - Google Patents

Système de surveillance en temps réel en ligne d'une fabrication additive métallique par de multiples dispositifs de surveillance Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021248638A1
WO2021248638A1 PCT/CN2020/103166 CN2020103166W WO2021248638A1 WO 2021248638 A1 WO2021248638 A1 WO 2021248638A1 CN 2020103166 W CN2020103166 W CN 2020103166W WO 2021248638 A1 WO2021248638 A1 WO 2021248638A1
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additive manufacturing
detection module
metal additive
processing unit
laser
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PCT/CN2020/103166
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘胜
李辉
米纪千
胡平
张国庆
张臣
申胜男
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武汉大学
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Publication of WO2021248638A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021248638A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
    • G01N23/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material
    • G01N23/046—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material using tomography, e.g. computed tomography [CT]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
    • G01N25/72—Investigating presence of flaws
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/043—Analysing solids in the interior, e.g. by shear waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/20—Metals
    • G01N33/204—Structure thereof, e.g. crystal structure
    • G01N33/2045—Defects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
    • G01N2291/023—Solids
    • G01N2291/0234—Metals, e.g. steel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of metal additive manufacturing, in particular to an online real-time monitoring system for multiple monitoring equipment of metal additive manufacturing.
  • Additive manufacturing is regarded as a new growth point for future industrial development. Under the mutual promotion of governments and markets, additive manufacturing technology has achieved a qualitative leap forward, but it has not yet formed a large-scale industrial application. In the manufacturing process, the performance and manufacturing accuracy of molded parts will not meet the standard for a certain amount. The current yield of SLM products is about 70%. The low yield seriously affects the process of large-scale industrial application of additive manufacturing. The main reason is that there is no substantial and reliable solution to the process repeatability and quality reliability issues in the processing process. At present, in the aerospace field, since most of the devices are large-size components, the time-consuming varies from a few days to a few months.
  • the reliability of quality is particularly important, and it is urgent to monitor the additive manufacturing process by real-time detection devices or equipment, and perform feedback processing, so as to carry out targeted control of the processing process to optimize the entire processing process in real time and increase the final yield of components. And print quality. Therefore, many research institutions at home and abroad have conducted research on this in recent years. At present, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Argonne National Laboratory, etc. have conducted research on the online monitoring of the contours of processed workpieces in the additive manufacturing process of large aerospace parts and complex industrial parts. .
  • German EOS, German SLM Solutions, and American 3D systems have conducted research on additive manufacturing sample processing materials; Leuven University in Belgium, Aachen University of Technology in Germany, and Lappeenranta University of Technology in Finland have conducted research on the melt pool of additive manufacturing process On-line monitoring of size and temperature field, and feedback control of process parameters have been studied; Fraunhofer Institute in Germany, Technological University of Catalonia in Spain, and National Institute of Standards and Technology of the United States have conducted online and off-line ultrasonic testing additives. Research on internal defects of samples; Tsinghua University, Carnegie Mellon University in the United States, University of Manchester in the United Kingdom, and Monash University in Australia have conducted studies on off-line X-ray detection of defects in additive samples.
  • control equipment that takes into account all-round online monitoring and feedback is still very scarce.
  • fluctuations in process parameters and the external environment may cause various metallurgical defects in local areas of the parts, such as interlayer and interpass.
  • Local unfusion, entanglement and precipitation pores, inclusions, cracks, stress concentration, warping deformation, etc. and ultimately affect the internal quality, mechanical properties of the formed parts and the safety of the components in service.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an online real-time monitoring system for various monitoring equipment of metal additive manufacturing, which aims to solve the problem that the existing metal additive manufacturing monitoring equipment cannot find the cause of processing defects in time due to incomplete information acquisition. .
  • the present invention is realized as follows:
  • the invention provides an online real-time monitoring system for multiple monitoring equipment for metal additive manufacturing, which includes a high-speed camera detection module, a visible spectrometer detection module, an infrared thermal imager detection module, a near-visible hyperspectral camera detection module, and an interference imaging spectrometer detection module.
  • the high-speed camera detection module is used for real-time detection of the three-dimensional contour accuracy of the additive manufacturing part and the molten pool contour and feedback to the central processing unit;
  • the visible spectrometer detection module is used for real-time detection and feedback of the deflection angle of the laser To the central processing unit;
  • the infrared thermal imager detection module is used to detect the temperature of the molten pool in real time and feed it back to the central processing unit;
  • the near-visible hyperspectral camera detection module is used to detect the molten pool, sputtering and the surrounding environment Real-time detection of the spatial information and spectral information and feedback to the central processing unit;
  • the interference imaging spectrometer detection module is used to use the principle of interference to obtain a series of interference patterns that vary with the optical path difference, and obtain the second part of the additive manufacturing part through inversion.
  • the three-dimensional space image and one-dimensional spectral information are fed back to the central processing unit;
  • the stress-strain detection module is used to obtain the stress-strain data of the additive manufacturing part during the processing by using the stress-strain sensor and feed it back to the central processing unit;
  • the laser ultrasound The detection module cooperates with the rotary processing table for real-time detection of surface and near surface defects of the additive manufacturing parts and feeds them back to the central processing unit;
  • the electronic computer tomography module cooperates with the rotary processing table to detect internal defects of the additive manufacturing parts And feed it back to the central processing unit;
  • the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy detection module is used to determine the substance composition and content of the additive manufacturing part and feed it back to the central processing unit;
  • the information is compared, and the processing errors and metallurgical defects are found and fed back to the metal additive manufacturing processing end, so as to realize the real-time control of the processing process.
  • the central processing unit is also used to form the accuracy of the machining process—temperature based on the three-dimensional contour accuracy and molten pool profile of the additive manufacturing part fed back by the high-speed camera detection module, and the molten pool temperature information fed back by the infrared thermal imaging camera detection module. It is compared with the set accuracy-temperature curve, and the comparison result is fed back to the metal additive manufacturing processing end to adjust the processing temperature and laser moving speed to the optimal value of the combination of the two.
  • the central processing unit is also used for the three-dimensional contour accuracy and molten pool profile of the additive manufactured part fed back by the high-speed camera detection module, and the two-dimensional spatial image and one-dimensional image of the additive manufactured part fed back by the interference imaging spectrometer detection module.
  • the spectral information and the surface and near-surface defect information of the additive manufacturing part fed back by the laser ultrasonic detection module locate the surface flaws of the additive manufacturing part, and feedback the positioning information to the metal additive manufacturing processing end.
  • the central processing unit is also used for the second part of the additive manufacturing part based on the molten pool, sputtering and spatial information and spectral information of the surrounding environment fed back by the detection module of the visible hyperspectral camera, and the second part of the additive manufacturing part fed back by the detection module of the interference imaging spectrometer. After forming and imaging the three-dimensional space image and one-dimensional spectrum information, the complete one-dimensional spectrum, two-dimensional image and three-dimensional graphics of the additive manufacturing part are obtained.
  • the central processing unit performs multi-scale and multi-probability simulations on the various physical quantities collected by the above-mentioned detection modules, completes the mapping in the virtual space, and then establishes a digital twin model, which corresponds to the metal additive manufacturing process.
  • the infrared thermal imager detection module includes an infrared thermal imager, and the infrared thermal imager is placed above the metal additive-made cavity and a part of the cavity in front of the infrared thermal imager is made of sapphire.
  • the visible spectrometer detection module includes a visible spectrometer, and the visible spectrometer is placed in a cavity made of a metal additive material.
  • the interference imaging spectrometer detection module includes an interference imaging spectrometer, the interference imaging spectrometer is placed on the side of the outer side of the metal additive-made cavity, and a part of the cavity in front of the interference imaging spectrometer is made of organic glass.
  • the laser ultrasonic detection module includes a laser transmitter and an ultrasonic detector.
  • the laser ultrasonic detection module is placed on the outer side of the metal additive material cavity and a part of the cavity in front of it is made of Glass Windows DK7.
  • the inner part of the cavity in front of the laser ultrasonic detection module is coated with an anti-reflection coating.
  • the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy detection module includes a pulsed laser and a photoelectric converter, and the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy detection module is placed on the outer side of the metal additive material cavity and part of the cavity in front of it uses Glass Windows DK7 Material.
  • the computer tomography module includes an X-ray transmitter, an X-ray receiving device and an imaging system, and the computer tomography module is placed on one side of the metal-enhanced cavity and a part of the cavity in front of it is made of organic grass.
  • the stress-strain detection module includes a stress-strain gauge, and the stress-strain gauge is attached to the substrate and the additive manufacturing part.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the online real-time monitoring system for multiple monitoring equipment of metal additive manufacturing can collect various information in the metal additive manufacturing process online at the same time through multiple monitoring equipment, which can greatly improve the performance of metal additive manufacturing parts.
  • the detection accuracy in the printing process will ultimately improve the quality of finished parts, reduce the waste of raw materials and reduce costs; automatically feedback defect information through each detection module, improve the timeliness of feedback, and realize the collection of information from the metal additive manufacturing process, the central processing unit Analyze the collected data and feed back the error data to the closed-loop control of the metal additive manufacturing processing end, which greatly saves printing time and improves the efficiency of metal additive manufacturing.
  • FIG. 1 is a working schematic diagram of an online real-time monitoring system for various monitoring equipment for metal additive manufacturing according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a closed-loop control flow chart of an online real-time monitoring system for various monitoring equipment of metal additive manufacturing according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of an online real-time monitoring system for a metal additive manufacturing system and its various monitoring equipment provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides an online real-time monitoring system for various monitoring equipment for metal additive manufacturing, including a high-speed camera detection module, a visible spectrometer detection module, an infrared thermal imager detection module, and a proximity Visible hyperspectral camera detection module, interference imaging spectrometer detection module, stress-strain detection module, laser ultrasonic detection module, computer tomography module, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy detection module and central processing unit, each of the above detection modules is connected to the central The processor is electrically connected.
  • the high-speed camera detection module is used to detect the three-dimensional contour accuracy and molten pool contour of the additive manufacturing part in real time by shooting images and feed it back to the central processing unit.
  • the central processing unit uses the image processing algorithm to obtain the three-dimensional The contour accuracy and the weld pool plane defect are compared with the setting information, and the error is found to be fed back to the metal additive manufacturing processing end for modification, so as to realize the control of the three-dimensional contour and the molten pool contour of the additive manufacturing part; the visible spectrometer
  • the detection module is used to detect the deflection angle of the laser in real time and feed it back to the central processing unit.
  • the central processing unit compares the acquired deflection angle of the laser with the set value through a comparison algorithm, and feeds it back to the metal additive manufacturing processing end after the error is found.
  • the infrared thermal imager detection module is used to detect the temperature of the molten pool in real time and feed it back to the central processing unit, which uses a temperature calculation algorithm to obtain the molten pool temperature Calculate the laser intensity, compare the calculated laser intensity with the set value, and feed back to the metal additive manufacturing processing end for modification after the error is found, so as to realize the real-time control of the laser intensity;
  • the detection of the near-visible hyperspectral camera The module is used for real-time detection of the molten pool, sputtering and spatial information and spectral information of the surrounding environment and feeds it back to the central processing unit, close to the visible hyperspectral camera detection module can not only detect the external quality of the detected object, but also use it Hyperspectral technology detects the internal quality of the molten pool and sputtering, so that both internal and external aspects can be used to monitor the molten pool in the metal additive manufacturing process.
  • the central processing unit uses the comparison algorithm to compare the acquired spatial and spectral information and settings. After the error is found, it is fed back to the metal additive manufacturing processing end for modification, thereby realizing real-time control of the quality of the molten pool; the interference imaging spectrometer detection module is used to use the interference principle to obtain a series of interferences that vary with the optical path difference The pattern, through inversion, obtains the two-dimensional spatial image and one-dimensional spectral information of the additive manufacturing part and feeds it back to the central processing unit. The central processing unit uses the comparison algorithm to obtain the two-dimensional spatial image and one-dimensional spectral information of the additive manufacturing part.
  • the stress-strain detection module is used to use the stress-strain sensor to obtain the value of the additive manufacturing part during the processing.
  • the stress and strain data is fed back to the central processing unit.
  • the central processing unit compares the acquired stress and strain data of the additive manufacturing part during the processing with the set value through the comparison algorithm, and feeds back to the metal additive manufacturing processing end after finding the difference.
  • Real-time control of related processing processes; the laser ultrasonic detection module cooperates with the rotary processing table for real-time detection of surface and near-surface defects of additive manufacturing parts and feeds them back to the central processing unit.
  • the central processing unit uses the comparison algorithm to compare The acquired surface defects and material parameters of the additive manufacturing parts are compared with the set values. After the errors are found, they are fed back to the metal additive manufacturing processing end for modification, so as to realize the real-time near-parameters of the surface and near-surface defects of the additive manufacturing parts Regulation; the electricity
  • the sub-computer tomography module and the rotary processing table are used to detect the internal defects and internal geometric contours of the additive manufacturing parts in real time and feed them back to the central processing unit.
  • the central processing unit uses the comparison algorithm to obtain the internal defects of the additive manufacturing parts.
  • the module is used for real-time detection of the material composition and content of the additive manufacturing part and feeds it back to the central processing unit.
  • the central processing unit compares the acquired material composition and content of the additive manufacturing part with the set value through a comparison algorithm, and finds the error Then feedback to the metal additive manufacturing processing end for modification, so as to realize real-time control of the material composition and content parameters of the additive manufacturing parts.
  • the algorithms in the central processing unit can be written in python or other computer programming languages.
  • the metal additive manufacturing processing end is generally metal 3D printers and lasers, and can also include other control equipment.
  • the online real-time monitoring system for multiple monitoring equipment for metal additive manufacturing provided by the embodiment of the present invention can simultaneously collect various information in the metal additive manufacturing process online and comprehensively through multiple monitoring equipment, which can greatly improve metal additive manufacturing.
  • the detection accuracy of parts during the printing process will ultimately increase the yield of finished parts, reduce the waste of raw materials and reduce costs; automatically feedback defect information through each detection module, improve the timeliness of feedback, and realize the collection of information from the metal additive manufacturing process.
  • the central processing unit analyzes the collected data and feeds back the error data to the closed-loop control of the metal additive manufacturing processing end, which greatly saves printing time and improves the efficiency of metal additive manufacturing.
  • the central processing unit is also used to form the accuracy of the machining process—temperature based on the three-dimensional contour accuracy and molten pool profile of the additive manufactured part fed back by the high-speed camera detection module and the molten pool temperature information fed back by the infrared thermal imaging camera detection module. It is compared with the set accuracy-temperature curve, and the comparison result is fed back to the metal additive manufacturing processing end to adjust the processing temperature and laser moving speed to the optimal value of the combination of the two.
  • the central processing unit is also used for the three-dimensional contour accuracy and molten pool profile of the additive manufactured part fed back by the high-speed camera detection module, and the two-dimensional spatial image and one-dimensional image of the additive manufactured part fed back by the interference imaging spectrometer detection module.
  • Spectral information and the surface and near-surface defect information of the additive manufacturing part fed back by the laser ultrasonic inspection module locates the surface flaws of the additive manufacturing part, and feeds back the positioning information to the metal additive manufacturing processing end, so that the defect can be detected in the next processing.
  • the parts slow down the processing speed and improve the processing accuracy.
  • the central processing unit is further configured to use the spatial information and spectral information of the molten pool, sputtering, and the surrounding environment fed back by the detection module of the visible hyperspectral camera, and the second part of the additive manufacturing part fed back by the detection module of the interference imaging spectrometer.
  • the complete one-dimensional spectrum, two-dimensional image and three-dimensional graphics of the additive manufactured part are obtained. From one-dimensional to three-dimensional, the characteristics of the additive manufactured part are more completely reflected, which is convenient for the processing process. Conduct observations and research.
  • the central processing unit performs multi-scale and multi-probability simulations on the various physical quantities collected by the above detection modules, completes the mapping in the virtual space, and then establishes a digital twin model (Digital Twin), and generates corresponding data through the model.
  • the modification information may specifically be the trajectory adjustment amount and the movement speed adjustment amount of the laser beam, the laser intensity adjustment amount, the laser deflection angle adjustment amount, and the like.
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the online real-time monitoring system of the metal additive manufacturing system and its various monitoring equipment.
  • the metal additive manufacturing system includes a metal additive manufacturing cavity, and a metal 3D printer 1 and a laser 2 placed in the cavity. Except for the parts specifically described below, the rest of the cavity 10 uses ordinary high-transmittance glass.
  • the high-speed camera detection module includes a high-speed industrial camera 6, and the high-speed industrial camera 6 is placed on the outer side of the metal-enhanced material cavity.
  • the infrared thermal imager detection module includes an infrared thermal imager 5. The infrared thermal imager 5 is placed above the metal additive material cavity.
  • the part of the cavity 11 in front of the infrared thermal imager 5 of the embodiment of the present invention is made of sapphire.
  • the sapphire Al 2 O 3
  • the high light transmittance allows infrared rays to pass smoothly, effectively reducing measurement errors caused by optical errors, and making the infrared thermal imaging camera 5 more accurate Calculate the data.
  • the visible spectrometer detection module includes a visible spectrometer 3, and the visible spectrometer 3 is placed in a cavity made of a metal additive material.
  • the near-visible hyperspectral camera detection module includes a near-visible hyperspectral camera 7, and the near-visible hyperspectral camera 7 is placed above the metal augmented material cavity.
  • the detection module of the interference imaging spectrometer 4 includes an interference imaging spectrometer 4.
  • the interference imaging spectrometer 4 is placed on the outer side of the metal-added material cavity. Since ordinary glass will have a greater impact on the interference process of light, if the interference imaging spectrometer is used 4 The use of ordinary glass in the front will cause large errors in the measurement results.
  • the part of the cavity 12 in the front of the interference imaging spectrometer 4 of the embodiment of the present invention is made of plexiglass.
  • the optical performance of PMMA makes it have less impact on light interference, and Its chemical stability, mechanical properties and weather resistance are very good, which can minimize the optical error in the process of information collection.
  • the laser ultrasonic detection module 8 includes a laser transmitter and an ultrasonic detector.
  • the laser ultrasonic detection module 8 is placed on the outer side of the metal additive material cavity. It is excited by the laser pulse of the laser ultrasonic detection module 8 and the contact with the workpiece.
  • the ultrasonic wave has a high requirement on the permeability of the cavity material.
  • the part of the cavity 9 in front of the laser ultrasonic detection module 8 in the embodiment of the present invention is made of Glass Windows DK7 material, and the use of this material can effectively reduce the error caused by laser reflection. Since the laser will cause certain damage to human eyes, in this preferred embodiment, an anti-reflection coating is coated on the inside of a part of the cavity in front of the laser ultrasonic inspection module 8 to protect the eyes of the inspector.
  • the laser-induced breakdown spectrum detection module 13 includes a pulsed laser and a photoelectric converter. The laser-induced breakdown spectrum detection module is placed on the outer side of the metal-enhanced cavity and part of the cavity in front of it is made of Glass Windows DK7.
  • the computer tomography module 14 includes an X-ray transmitter, an X-ray receiving device, and an imaging system.
  • the computer tomography module 14 is placed on the outer side of the metal-enhanced cavity and part of the cavity in front of it is made of plexiglass.
  • the X-ray transmitter emits X-rays to the X-ray receiving device 19.
  • the stress and strain detection module 18 includes a stress and strain gauge, which is attached to the substrate and the additive manufacturing part, so as to obtain the stress and strain data of the additive manufacturing part during the processing. According to the information collection characteristics of different monitoring equipment, the embodiment of the present invention adopts different cavity materials in front of different equipment to effectively reduce errors such as optics and thermal energy, thereby improving detection accuracy.
  • Each of the above-mentioned detection modules also includes a cable connecting the detection instrument to the central processing unit 14 and a fixing member for fixing the detection instrument.
  • the monitoring system also includes an information feedback module 17.
  • the information feedback module 17 is connected to the central processing unit 16 through a cable 15.
  • the information collected by the above detection modules is transmitted to the central processing unit 16 through the cable 15, and the central processing unit 16 completes information processing. It is sent to the information feedback module 17 and then fed back to the metal 3D printer 1 to achieve a closed-loop control, thereby improving printing accuracy and printing quality, and can also store a large amount of error information to prepare for the next step of artificial intelligence learning error correction.
  • each monitoring system mainly uses optical principles to detect.
  • non-decoupling methods such as computer tomography, laser ultrasonic testing, infrared thermal imaging, and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
  • the measurement period can be appropriately delayed to avoid the molten pool to reduce interference.

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Abstract

Système de surveillance en temps réel en ligne d'une fabrication additive métallique par de multiples dispositifs de surveillance. Le système comprend : un module d'inspection de caméra à grande vitesse (6), qui mesure la précision de contour en trois dimensions d'une partie de fabrication additive et détecte le contour d'un bain de fusion ; un module d'inspection de spectromètre visible (3), qui mesure l'angle de déviation du laser ; un module d'inspection d'imageur thermique infrarouge (5), qui mesure la température du bain de fusion ; un module d'inspection de caméra hyperspectrale visible à l'approche (7), qui détecte des informations spatiales et des informations spectrales du bain de fusion et la pulvérisation cathodique ; un module d'inspection de spectromètre d'imagerie d'interférence (4), qui acquiert une image spatiale bidimensionnelle et des informations spectrales unidimensionnelles de la partie de fabrication additive ; un module de mesure de tension-pression (18), qui surveille des données de tension-pression de la partie de fabrication additive ; un module d'inspection ultrasonore laser (8), qui coopère avec une table d'usinage rotative pour détecter un défaut de surface et un défaut de surface proche de la partie de fabrication additive ; un module de tomographie informatisée (14), qui coopère avec la table d'usinage rotative (1) pour détecter un défaut interne et un contour géométrique interne de la partie de fabrication additive ; un module d'inspection par spectroscopie de claquage induit par laser (13), qui détermine la composition de matériau et le contenu de la partie de fabrication additive ; et une unité centrale de traitement (16), qui trouve une erreur d'usinage et un défaut métallurgique, puis renvoie ceux-ci à une extrémité d'usinage de fabrication additive métallique. Au moyen de la présente invention, la sécurité d'un produit fini est améliorée.
PCT/CN2020/103166 2020-06-08 2020-07-21 Système de surveillance en temps réel en ligne d'une fabrication additive métallique par de multiples dispositifs de surveillance WO2021248638A1 (fr)

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CN202010514448.0A CN111795977A (zh) 2020-06-08 2020-06-08 金属增材制造多种监测设备在线实时监控系统
CN202010514448.0 2020-06-08

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Cited By (9)

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