WO2021243992A1 - 小蚕收集器具 - Google Patents

小蚕收集器具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021243992A1
WO2021243992A1 PCT/CN2020/133706 CN2020133706W WO2021243992A1 WO 2021243992 A1 WO2021243992 A1 WO 2021243992A1 CN 2020133706 W CN2020133706 W CN 2020133706W WO 2021243992 A1 WO2021243992 A1 WO 2021243992A1
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Prior art keywords
silkworm
collecting device
tweezers
small
tweezer
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PCT/CN2020/133706
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English (en)
French (fr)
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李兵
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苏州大学
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Publication of WO2021243992A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021243992A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
    • A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
    • A01K67/04—Silkworms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the development of a new type of small silkworm collecting device, in particular to the creation of a small silkworm collecting device.
  • the silkworm ( Bombyx mori ) is an important economic insect, which has been domesticated and raised for more than 8,500 years. Bombyx mori is a completely metamorphic lepidopteran insect. It goes through four developmental stages that are completely different in morphology and physiology, including eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults. Its nutrient intake is mainly from mulberry leaves during the larval period. Bombyx mori larvae can be divided into 5 instars, namely, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th instars. The 1-3 instars are generally called small silkworms, and the 4-5 instars are generally called big silkworms.
  • the small silkworms hatched from silkworm eggs are called ant silkworms.
  • the process of collecting ant silkworms for rearing is called ants harvesting.
  • the process of expanding the area of small silkworm rearing is called expansion, and the operation of making the silkworm seats evenly distributed is called uniformity. seat.
  • Ants harvesting is the process of collecting the hatched silkworms and moving them to the silkworm plaques after weighing. Improper harvesting methods can cause the silkworms to be injured, hungry, and grow unevenly. Affect the later production and quality.
  • 1-2-year-old silkworms are relatively small and inconvenient to pick up directly by hand. They usually use goose feathers and silkworm chopsticks (ordinary bamboo chopsticks are used after hand-sharpening one end). With the advancement of sericulture, traditional goose feathers and silkworm chopsticks can no longer meet the needs of production. There is an urgent need to develop new integrated small silkworm collection devices with dual functions.
  • the innovation of the present invention is to develop an integrated new type of small silkworm collecting device for the needs of production.
  • the present invention specially develops a new device for collecting small silkworms with dual functions, which avoids the inconvenient use and storage of goose feathers and bamboo chopsticks, and does not meet the needs of large-scale production.
  • a small silkworm collecting device comprising a feather duster structure, a plastic rod and a tweezers structure; the feather duster structure and the forceps structure are respectively installed at both ends of the plastic rod; the feather duster structure includes a feather duster head and a fixing member; the forceps structure It includes an upper arm of the forceps and a lower arm of the forceps; the outer side of the upper arm of the forceps is provided with a non-slip structure; the inner side of the lower arm of the forceps is provided with a rubber pad.
  • a feather duster structure and a tweezers structure are respectively installed at both ends of the plastic rod to form a new device for collecting small silkworms with dual functions, which is convenient to use and can be replaced at will according to production needs;
  • the feather duster head is composed of multiple fiber bundles .
  • the feather duster head is fixed on the fixing member as the fixed neck of the feather duster.
  • the specific fixing method is conventional technology.
  • the small silkworms can be collected by fiber bundles. Further, the fiber bundles are composed of a fiber layer and an antistatic device located outside the fiber layer.
  • the feather duster head has a tapered structure, similar to a brush head, with a length of 1.5-2.0 cm, a thick end diameter of 0.8-1.2 cm, and a thick end for a feather duster head One end installed on the fixing member, which is beneficial to the attachment of the ant silkworm.
  • the fixing member and the plastic rod are conventionally selected according to the description of the present invention, and the fiber bundle can be installed, and the feather duster structure and the tweezers structure can be connected.
  • plastic products are selected.
  • the upper arm of the tweezers is used for applying force, and the outer side is provided with a non-slip structure, which can be a non-slip pattern, which is convenient for fixing the fingers;
  • the lower arm of the tweezers is used for gripping, and the lowermost opening is a tweezers mouth, that is, the end of the lower arm of the tweezers is a tweezers mouth It is used to clamp the small silkworm.
  • the inner side of the lower arm of the tweezers is equipped with a rubber pad with a thickness of 1-1.2mm to prevent the body of the silkworm from being pinched when the mouth of the tweezers merge.
  • the tweezers are stable and the silkworm body is grasped stably.
  • the rubber pad also avoids excessive merging; further, the length of the tweezers structure It is 15-25 cm, the outer diameter is 0.8-1.2 cm, and the outer diameter is the maximum outer diameter under no force; tweezers structure.
  • the present invention discloses for the first time the collection of small silkworms, which is used for the collection and use of first and second instar silkworms, and can also be used for seat expansion and seating. It has the characteristics of low cost, non-toxicity and convenient disinfection.
  • the technology does not have the defects of the utensils used for ant silkworm collection.
  • the present invention is convenient for disinfection treatment, including physical disinfection (high temperature cooking, sunlight) and chemical disinfection (bleaching powder, formaldehyde, etc.), which is a function that existing goose feathers or bamboo chopsticks do not have.
  • Goose feather bamboo chopsticks are generally used at one time, because small silkworms are more Weak, a little germ will have a great blow.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic side view of the structure of the small silkworm collecting device of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of the front structure of the small silkworm collecting device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fiber bundle in the second embodiment.
  • the small silkworm collecting device of the present invention is composed of a feather duster structure, a plastic rod 3 and a tweezers structure; the feather duster structure and the tweezers structure are respectively mounted on both ends of the plastic rod.
  • the feather duster structure is composed of a feather duster head 1 and a fixing member 2.
  • the feather duster head is composed of a fiber bundle 41, which is specifically a conventional method; the fiber bundle is a PE fiber bundle, and the feather duster head has a tapered structure, which is similar to a brush head, with a length of 1.5 cm, the diameter of the thick end is 1.0cm.
  • the tweezers structure includes an upper arm 4 and a lower arm 6; the outer side of the upper arm of the forceps is provided with a non-slip structure 5, which is a non-slip texture; the inner side of the lower arm of the forceps is provided with a rubber pad 7 with a thickness of 1 mm.
  • the present invention preferably has two rubber pads, which are symmetrically distributed , When clamping, conflict with each other to ensure that the silkworm is not damaged; the end of the lower arm of the tweezers is the tweezers mouth 8, and there is a non-slip pattern structure 81 on the inner wall of the tweezers mouth; the tweezers structure is made of PE material, and the shape is tweezers, long 20cm, outer diameter 1cm.
  • the orientation involved in the present invention is the orientation when the small silkworm collecting device is placed vertically and the feather duster heads upward. In actual use, according to the size of the silkworm body, it is collected with a feather duster or tweezers. After actual comparison, nearly the same amount of ant silkworms is collected.
  • the collection device disclosed for the first time in the present invention takes 70% of the collection time of existing goose feather bamboo chopsticks. About %, there was no slipping phenomenon in the mouth of the tweezers during use, and the phenomenon of damaging silkworms was rarely seen. The existing bamboo chopsticks appeared to slip off, and the silkworm was damaged significantly more than the present invention.
  • the fiber bundle 41 is composed of a fiber layer 42 and an anti-static layer 43 located outside the fiber layer. The rest is the same, that is, only an anti-static layer is provided on the outside of the fiber. See Figure 3, which can be prepared by a conventional dipping method. There is no adsorption of small silkworms during use, and the adsorption of small silkworms occasionally occurs on the hair duster in Example 1.
  • a new type of small silkworm collection device specially created by the present invention has the dual function of collecting 1st and 2nd instar silkworms.
  • the operation method is simple and does not damage the silkworm body.
  • the existence of plastic rods is no matter for the taking, collecting operation or the operation of the device.
  • the overall strength is favorable, and it is easy to disinfect, can greatly improve the labor efficiency of small silkworm rearing, and is suitable for popularization and application in various silkworm districts.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Food-Manufacturing Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种小蚕收集器具，包括毛掸结构、塑料杆(3)和镊子结构；毛掸结构、镊子结构分别装于塑料杆(3)的两端；所述毛掸结构包括毛掸头(1)以及固定件(2)；所述镊子结构包括镊上臂(4)、镊下臂(6)；所述镊上臂(4)外侧设有防滑结构(5)；所述镊下臂(6)内侧设有橡胶垫(7)。该小蚕收集器具具有收集1龄蚕和2龄蚕的双重功能，操作方法不损伤蚕体，便于消毒处理，可以大幅度提高小蚕饲养的劳动效率，适合在各蚕区推广应用。

Description

小蚕收集器具 技术领域
本发明涉及一种新型小蚕收集器具的开发，具体涉及一种用于小蚕收集器具的创制。
 背景技术
家蚕( Bombyx mori)是重要的经济昆虫，已经被驯化饲养8500余年。家蚕是完全变态的鳞翅目昆虫，一生经过卵、幼虫、蛹和成虫等四个形态上和生理机能上完全不同的发育阶段。其营养物质的摄取主要是幼虫期间取食桑叶。家蚕幼虫通常可以分为5个龄期，分别为1龄、2龄、3龄、4龄和5龄，1-3龄通称为小蚕，4-5龄通称为大蚕。
从蚕卵中孵化的小蚕称为蚁蚕，把蚁蚕收集起来进行饲养的过程称为收蚁，把小蚕饲养的面积扩大的过程称扩座，使蚕座分布均匀的操作称为匀座。收蚁是把孵化出来的蚁蚕收集起来，经称量、定座移到蚕匾中给桑饲养的操作过程，收蚁方法不当，会使蚁蚕受伤、受饿，生长发育不齐，进而影响后期产量、质量。1-2龄的蚕体较小，不方便用手直接拾取，通常都是采用鹅毛和蚕筷（普通的竹筷经过手工削尖一端后使用）处理。随着养蚕规模化的推进，传统的鹅毛和蚕筷已经满足不了生产的需要，迫切需要开发具有双重功能的一体化新型小蚕收集器具。
本发明的创新，就是针对生产的需要，开发了一体化的新型小蚕收集器具。
 技术问题
本发明专业开发了一种具有双重功能的小蚕收集新器具，避免了鹅毛、竹筷使用、存放不便，不满足规模生产需要的问题。
 技术解决方案
本发明专利采用如下技术方案。
一种小蚕收集器具，包括毛掸结构、塑料杆和镊子结构；毛掸结构、镊子结构分别装于塑料杆的两端；所述毛掸结构包括毛掸头以及固定件；所述镊子结构包括镊上臂、镊下臂；所述镊上臂外侧设有防滑结构；所述镊下臂内侧设有橡胶垫。
本发明中，塑料杆的两端分别安装毛掸结构、镊子结构形成一体的、具有双重功能的小蚕收集新器具，使用便捷，根据生产需要可随意更换；毛掸头由多根纤维束组成，毛掸头固定在作为毛掸固定颈的固定件上，具体固定方法为常规技术，小蚕可通过纤维束进行收集，进一步的，所述纤维束由纤维层与位于纤维层外侧的防静电层组成，避免小蚕粘在纤维上不掉落；进一步的，毛掸头为锥形结构，类似毛笔头，长1.5-2.0 cm，粗端直径为0.8-1.2 cm，粗端为毛掸头安装在固定件上的一端，这样对蚁蚕的附着有利。
本发明中，固定件、塑料杆根据本发明的描述常规选择，能够安装纤维束，连接毛掸结构、镊子结构即可，一般选择塑料产品。
本发明中，镊上臂用于施力，外侧设有防滑结构可以为防滑纹路，便于手指固着；镊下臂用于夹取，最下端开口为镊子嘴，即镊下臂的端部为镊子嘴，用于夹住小蚕，镊下臂内侧设有橡胶垫，厚度为1-1.2mm，防止镊子嘴合并时夹伤蚕体，进一步的，在镊子嘴内侧壁设有防滑纹结构，避免镊子嘴合并时蚕体滑落，因为一切操作力度非常轻，在防滑纹路、防滑纹结构的存在下，镊子固着稳定且蚕体夹取稳定，同时橡胶垫还避免合并过度；进一步的，镊子结构的长度为15-25 cm，外径为0.8-1.2 cm，外径为不施力状态下的最大外径；镊子结构。
 有益效果
本发明首次公开了小蚕收集器具，用于一龄和二龄蚕的收集使用，也可用于扩座匀座，具有成本低，无毒和方便消毒的特点，还防静电，解决了现有技术没有用于蚁蚕收集的器具的缺陷。而且本发明便于消毒处理，包括物理消毒（高温蒸煮、日照）和化学消毒（漂白粉、甲醛等），这是现有鹅毛或者竹筷不具备的功能，鹅毛竹筷一般一次使用，因为小蚕较弱，一点病菌都会产生极大打击。
 附图说明
图1为本发明小蚕收集器具的侧视结构示意图。
图2为本发明小蚕收集器具主视结构示意图。
图3为实施例二纤维束结构示意图。
其中，毛掸头1、固定件2、塑料杆3、镊上臂4、防滑结构5、镊下臂6、橡胶垫7、镊子嘴8、防滑纹结构81、纤维束41、纤维层42、防静电层43。
 本发明的实施方式
本发明所有部件、原料都为常规市售产品，具体制作方法、使用方法根据本发明的描述采用常规方法可以实现。
实施例一。
参见图1-图2，本发明小蚕收集器具由毛掸结构、塑料杆3和镊子结构组成；毛掸结构、镊子结构分别装于塑料杆的两端。
毛掸结构由毛掸头1以及固定件2组成，毛掸头由纤维束41组成，具体为常规方法；纤维束为PE纤维束，毛掸头为锥形结构，近似毛笔头，长为1.5 cm，粗端直径为1.0cm。
镊子结构包括镊上臂4、镊下臂6；镊上臂外侧设有防滑结构5，为防滑纹路；镊下臂内侧设有橡胶垫7，厚度为1mm，本发明优选橡胶垫为两个，对称分布，在夹合时，互相抵触保证小蚕不被损伤；镊下臂端部为镊子嘴8，在镊子嘴内侧壁设有防滑纹结构81；镊子结构由PE材料制成，形状为镊子，长20cm，外径1cm。
本发明涉及的方位为小蚕收集器具竖直放置、毛掸头朝上时的方位。实际使用时，根据蚕体大小，用毛掸头或者镊子嘴收集，经过实际比较，收集近乎一样量的蚁蚕，本发明首次公开的收集器具所花时间为现有鹅毛竹筷收集时间的70%左右，使用过程未见镊子嘴出现滑脱现象，极少出现损伤蚕的现象，现有竹筷出现滑落情况，且蚕损伤明显较本发明多。
实施例二。
在实施例一的基础上，纤维束41由纤维层42与位于纤维层外侧的防静电层43组成，其余一样，即仅在纤维外侧设置防静电层，参见图3，可以采用常规浸渍法制备；在使用过程没有出现小蚕吸附现象，而实施例一毛掸头偶尔出现小蚕吸附现象。
本发明专程创制的一种新型小蚕收集器具，具有收集1龄蚕和2龄蚕的双重功能，操作方法简易，不损伤蚕体，同时塑料杆的存在无论对于器具的拿取、收集操作还是整体强度，都有利，且便于消毒处理，可以大幅度提高小蚕饲养的劳动效率，适合在各蚕区推广应用。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种小蚕收集器具，其特征在于，包括毛掸结构、塑料杆和镊子结构；毛掸结构、镊子结构分别装于塑料杆的两端；所述毛掸结构包括毛掸头以及固定件；所述镊子结构包括镊上臂、镊下臂；所述镊上臂外侧设有防滑结构；所述镊下臂内侧设有橡胶垫。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述小蚕收集器具，其特征在于，所述纤维束由纤维层与位于纤维层外侧的防静电层组成。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述小蚕收集器具，其特征在于，毛掸头为锥形结构。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述小蚕收集器具，其特征在于，毛掸头的长为1.5-2.0 cm，粗端直径为0.8-1.2 cm。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述小蚕收集器具，其特征在于，防滑结构为防滑纹路。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述小蚕收集器具，其特征在于，橡胶垫的厚度为1-1.2mm。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述小蚕收集器具，其特征在于，镊下臂的端部内侧壁设有防滑纹结构。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述小蚕收集器具，其特征在于，镊子结构的长度为15-25 cm，外径为0.8-1.2 cm。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述小蚕收集器具，其特征在于，橡胶垫为两个。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述小蚕收集器具，其特征在于，两个橡胶垫对称。
PCT/CN2020/133706 2020-06-01 2020-12-03 小蚕收集器具 WO2021243992A1 (zh)

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CN117243191A (zh) * 2023-11-15 2023-12-19 四川省农业机械科学研究院 一种快速扩座的蚕盘及养蚕方法

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CN111616110A (zh) * 2020-06-01 2020-09-04 苏州大学 小蚕收集器具

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