WO2021233126A1 - 雾化装置 - Google Patents

雾化装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021233126A1
WO2021233126A1 PCT/CN2021/091920 CN2021091920W WO2021233126A1 WO 2021233126 A1 WO2021233126 A1 WO 2021233126A1 CN 2021091920 W CN2021091920 W CN 2021091920W WO 2021233126 A1 WO2021233126 A1 WO 2021233126A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid
atomization
delivery tube
proximal
atomization device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2021/091920
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English (en)
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
顾瑜
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to CA3187775A priority Critical patent/CA3187775A1/en
Priority to JP2022570436A priority patent/JP2023526414A/ja
Priority to KR1020227044473A priority patent/KR20230012606A/ko
Priority to EP21809207.0A priority patent/EP4154928A4/en
Priority to US17/999,215 priority patent/US20240238538A1/en
Publication of WO2021233126A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021233126A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M11/00—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
    • A61M11/006—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes operated by applying mechanical pressure to the liquid to be sprayed or atomised
    • A61M11/007—Syringe-type or piston-type sprayers or atomisers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M11/00—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
    • A61M11/001—Particle size control
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M11/00—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
    • A61M11/006—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes operated by applying mechanical pressure to the liquid to be sprayed or atomised
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/0028—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up
    • A61M15/003—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up using capsules, e.g. to be perforated or broken-up
    • A61M15/0033—Details of the piercing or cutting means
    • A61M15/0035—Piercing means
    • A61M15/0036—Piercing means hollow piercing means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/0065—Inhalators with dosage or measuring devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/08—Inhaling devices inserted into the nose
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M31/00—Devices for introducing or retaining media, e.g. remedies, in cavities of the body
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/26—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F42/00—Simulated smoking devices other than electrically operated; Component parts thereof; Manufacture or testing thereof
    • A24F42/20—Devices without heating means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/0001—Details of inhalators; Constructional features thereof
    • A61M15/0021—Mouthpieces therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2202/00—Special media to be introduced, removed or treated
    • A61M2202/04—Liquids
    • A61M2202/0468—Liquids non-physiological
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
    • A61M2205/3331—Pressure; Flow
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2210/00—Anatomical parts of the body
    • A61M2210/10—Trunk
    • A61M2210/1025—Respiratory system
    • A61M2210/1039—Lungs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
    • B05B11/10—Pump arrangements for transferring the contents from the container to a pump chamber by a sucking effect and forcing the contents out through the dispensing nozzle
    • B05B11/1001—Piston pumps
    • B05B11/1004—Piston pumps comprising a movable cylinder and a stationary piston

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of atomization devices, and more specifically, to an atomization device mainly used for lung inhalation.
  • the atomization device used for lung inhalation mainly converts liquid preparations such as medicines, nutrients or nicotine liquids into tiny particles that can be breathed into the human body through atomization, so as to achieve effective delivery.
  • Common atomization devices used for lung inhalation include metered aerosol inhalers (MDI), nebulizers (Nebulizer), soft mist inhalers (SMI), dry powder inhalers (DPI), etc., but these devices are all There are certain problems and defects.
  • a traditional mechanical atomization device uses a firing pre-compression spring to inject a predetermined volume of liquid from a fluid channel through a nozzle to the outside, thereby obtaining aerosol.
  • this kind of atomization device usually requires the user to manually rotate the upper and lower shells of the atomization device to realize the addition of the liquid medicine from the liquid storage tank to the fluid channel, and at the same time realize the pre-compression of the spring.
  • this manual operation lacks feedback to remind the user of the operating speed, which may cause the volume of the added liquid medicine to be inaccurate.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide an improved nebulizer for pulmonary absorption.
  • an atomization device including: a hollow housing, the hollow housing has a cavity, the cavity has a liquid channel inside the cavity and a liquid channel inside the cavity.
  • a distal atomization nozzle, a bolus, the bolus is at least partially contained in the cavity, and is coupled to the hollow housing by a biasing spring, the bolus includes: a liquid reservoir A device, which is used to contain liquid; a liquid delivery pipe, which has a liquid suction end and a liquid discharge end which are arranged oppositely, the liquid suction end is located in the liquid reservoir, and the liquid discharge end is located in the liquid channel And define a liquid chamber together with the atomizing nozzle; the proximal end of the bolus, which is coupled to the liquid delivery tube and is used to operably receive a pushing force; when the pushing force and the bias spring Under the action, the liquid delivery tube can move between a proximal position and a distal position relatively closer to the distal end in the cavity; when the
  • an atomization device comprising: a hollow shell, the hollow shell has a cavity, the cavity has a liquid channel located inside and The atomizing nozzle at the distal end of the liquid channel, wherein the atomizing nozzle has a plurality of fluid outlets; a bolus, the bolus is at least partially contained in the cavity, and the bolus includes: A liquid reservoir, the liquid reservoir is used to contain liquid; a liquid delivery pipe, which has a liquid suction end and a liquid discharge end that are arranged oppositely, the liquid suction end is located in the liquid reservoir, and the liquid discharge end is located The liquid passage and the atomizing nozzle jointly define a liquid chamber, and the liquid delivery tube is used to operably deliver the liquid contained in the liquid reservoir to the liquid chamber; and a bolus At the proximal end, the proximal end of the bolus is coupled to the liquid delivery tube and is used to receive a pushing force.
  • the liquid delivery tube can move from the proximal position to the The distal position relatively closer to the distal end is moved to form a predetermined atomization pressure at the atomization nozzle, thereby urging the liquid in the liquid chamber to flow out of the liquid chamber through the plurality of fluid outlets of the atomization nozzle.
  • the liquid channels meet and collide with each other to generate a spray with a predetermined initial plume velocity, wherein at least 50% of the liquid droplets in the spray have an average particle diameter of 1 um to 10 um.
  • At least 50% of the droplets in the spray have an average particle size of 2um to 5um.
  • the predetermined initial plume velocity is less than 10 m/s.
  • the predetermined initial plume velocity is 1 m/s to 5 m/s.
  • the driving force is non-monotonously decayed during the generation of the spray.
  • the atomization device further includes a bias spring; the bolus is coupled to the hollow housing through the bias spring; and when the liquid delivery tube is at the distal end Position, the bias spring is in a compressed state, and when the pushing force is removed from the proximal end of the bolus, the bias spring can drive the liquid delivery tube to move back from the distal position The proximal position thereby transports liquid from the reservoir into the liquid chamber.
  • the biasing spring is configured to generate resistance in a direction opposite to the pushing force when the pushing force pushes the liquid delivery tube to move from the proximal position to the distal position
  • the resistance is used to substantially offset the increased driving force so that the predetermined atomization pressure is maintained at the atomization nozzle.
  • the bias spring is configured to generate damping when the urging force pushes the liquid delivery tube to move from the proximal position to the distal position, and the damping is connected to the fluid channel
  • the internal liquid damping makes the time for the liquid delivery tube to move from the proximal position to the distal position not less than a predetermined atomization time.
  • the predetermined atomization time is 0.5 to 5 seconds.
  • the damping makes the time for the liquid delivery tube to move from the proximal position to the distal position substantially equal to the single inhalation time of the normal breathing rhythm of the human body.
  • the pushing force is applied manually.
  • the pushing force is 10N to 70N.
  • the atomization device further includes a distal stopper, the distal stopper is provided in the hollow housing, and is configured to when the liquid delivery tube is in the remote At the end position, the liquid delivery tube is restricted from moving in the distal direction.
  • the atomization device further includes a proximal stopper, the proximal stopper is provided in the hollow housing, and is configured to when the liquid delivery tube is in the proximal In the end position, the liquid delivery tube is restricted from moving in the proximal direction.
  • the total cross-sectional area of the multiple fluid outlets of the atomizing nozzle is between 20 um 2 and 1000 um 2 .
  • the predetermined atomization pressure is between 80 MPa and 1000 MPa.
  • the predetermined initial plume velocity is between 0.5 m/s and 2 m/s.
  • the initial plume velocity of the spray produced during the movement of the liquid delivery tube from the proximal position to the distal position is generally maintained at 1 m for a continuous period of 40% to 80% of the spray duration. /s to 5m/s.
  • the initial plume velocity of the spray produced during the movement of the liquid delivery tube from the proximal position to the distal position remains substantially constant for a continuous period of 40% to 80% of the spray duration.
  • At least 50% of the droplets in the continuous period of time when the initial plume velocity of the spray is substantially constant has an average particle size of 1 um to 10 um.
  • the bias spring when the liquid delivery tube is in the proximal position, the bias spring is generally in a relaxed state or an under-compressed state.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an atomization device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application when its liquid delivery tube is in a proximal position;
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the atomization device 100 described in FIG. 1 when its liquid delivery tube is in a distal position;
  • FIG. 3 shows an exploded view of the atomization device 100 shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the atomizing nozzle 103 of the atomizing device 100 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3;
  • Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the use process of using the atomization device 100 shown in Figs.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an atomizing device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application when its liquid delivery tube is in a proximal position.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the atomizing device 100 when its liquid delivery tube is in a distal position.
  • FIG. 3 shows an exploded view of the atomization device 100.
  • the liquid delivery tube of the atomization device 100 can move between the proximal position and the distal position as shown in the figure, so as to realize the circulation of upper liquid-atomization-upper liquid.
  • the atomization device 100 includes a hollow casing 101 and a bolus 102.
  • the hollow housing 101 has a cavity 110, and the bolus 102 is at least partially contained in the hollow housing 101, and can be positioned at the proximal position as shown in FIG. 1 and the distal position as shown in FIG. Reciprocating between.
  • the bolus 102 of the atomization device 100 may have an outer peripheral portion 126, the shape of which is configured to substantially match the cross-sectional shape of the cavity 110 of the hollow housing 101, so that The bolus 102 can reciprocate along the axial direction of the atomization device 100 in the cavity 110.
  • the cavity 110 has a liquid channel 111 located inside it.
  • the liquid channel 111 may be used to contain the liquid to be atomized.
  • the liquid passage 111 shown in the figure has substantially the same cross-section along its axial direction.
  • the cross-sectional size of the liquid channel 111 is set to 0.5 mm 2 to 10 mm 2 .
  • the liquid channel 111 may have a variable cross-sectional area, for example, the liquid channel 111 has a segmented structure, which has two or more different cross-sectional areas at different axial positions.
  • the cross-section of the liquid channel 111 is circular, but in other embodiments, the cross-section can also be set to other shapes, such as a rectangle or an ellipse.
  • the liquid channel 111 is defined by the guide member 112 arranged in the cavity 110 of the hollow housing 101.
  • the flow guiding member 112 is detachably fixed to the hollow shell 101, while in other embodiments, the flow guiding member 112 may be integrally formed with the hollow shell 101.
  • an atomizing nozzle 103 is provided at the distal end of the liquid channel 111, and one or more fluid outlets may be provided on the atomizing nozzle 103, and preferably there are multiple fluid outlets.
  • the liquid preparation contained in the liquid channel 111 can be ejected through multiple fluid outlets on the atomizing nozzle 103 under the action of the pressure in the liquid channel 111, and collide with each other to form atomized particles of the liquid preparation.
  • the specific arrangement of the fluid outlet on the atomizing nozzle 103 will be described in detail below.
  • the atomizing nozzle 103 is arranged at the distal end of the liquid channel 111 in the guide member 112, and a nozzle protection member 131, a nozzle pressing member 132, and a nozzle fastening member 133 are sequentially arranged thereon .
  • the nozzle protection member 131 is configured to protect the atomization nozzle 103 and fix the atomization nozzle 103
  • the nozzle pressing member 132 is used to press and stabilize the nozzle protection member 131
  • the nozzle fastening member 133 is used to press the nozzle
  • the tightening member 132 is fastened to the flow guiding member 112.
  • the nozzle fastening member 133 fixes the atomizing nozzle 103 to the distal end of the liquid channel 111 in the guide member 112 through a threaded connection with the guide member 112.
  • the nozzle fastening member 133 can also be fixedly attached to the atomizing nozzle 103 to the guide member 112 or the hollow housing by other fastening methods, such as a snap connection, an adhesive connection, and so on.
  • the atomization device 100 may only include any one or two of the nozzle protection member 131, the nozzle pressing member 132, and the nozzle fastening member 133.
  • the atomizing nozzle 103 itself may have a corresponding thread or snap structure to fasten it to the flow guiding member 112.
  • the nozzle pressing member 132 or the nozzle fastening member 133 may be integrally formed with the flow guiding member 112.
  • the bolus injector 102 includes a reservoir 120 for containing liquid and a liquid delivery tube 121.
  • the liquid delivery tube 121 has a liquid suction end 122 and a liquid discharge end 123 oppositely arranged.
  • 122 is arranged in the reservoir 120, and is usually located near the proximal end of the reservoir 120, and the liquid outlet 123 is arranged in the liquid channel 111.
  • the liquid outlet 123 and the liquid channel 111 jointly define the liquid chamber 124 so that the liquid contained in the liquid reservoir 120 can operably flow into the liquid chamber 124 through the liquid delivery tube 121.
  • the liquid contained in the accumulator 120 passes through the liquid delivery pipe 121 It flows into the liquid chamber 124, thereby realizing the addition of the liquid preparation, that is, the liquid loading.
  • the liquid outlet 123 is also provided with a one-way valve member 125 so that liquid can flow into the liquid chamber 124 through the one-way valve member 125, but cannot flow out of the liquid chamber 124 in the opposite direction.
  • the atomizing device 100 further includes a bias spring 104 coupled between the bolus 102 and the hollow housing 101, so that the bolus 102 is coupled to the hollow housing 101 through the bias spring 104.
  • the distal end of the bias spring 104 abuts against the guide member 112 in the cavity 110, and the proximal end thereof abuts against the outer peripheral portion 126 of the bolus 102.
  • the bias spring 104 is generally in a relaxed state or an under-compressed state.
  • the bias spring 104 When the pushing force applied to the proximal end 127 of the bolus injector pushes the bolus injector 102 to move distally, so that the liquid delivery tube 121 moves to the distal position shown in FIG. 2, the bias spring 104 is in a compressed state.
  • the under-compressed state described here means that the compression amount of the bias spring 104 is less than its compression amount at the distal position.
  • the bias spring 104 can drive the liquid delivery tube 121 to move from the distal position back to the proximal position.
  • the pressure in the liquid chamber 124 decreases, so that the liquid in the reservoir 120 can pass from the reservoir 120 through the liquid delivery tube under the action of the pressure difference. 121 is transported into the liquid chamber 124.
  • the atomizing device 100 further includes a distal stopper, which is provided in the hollow housing 101 and configured to be when the liquid delivery tube 121 is in the position shown in FIG. 2 In the distal position, the liquid delivery tube 121 is restricted from continuing to move in the distal direction.
  • the distal stopper is arranged on the flow guide member 112, and is configured such that when the liquid delivery tube 121 is in the distal position, the distal stopper and the corresponding structure on the bolus injection device 102 or Partially conflict to restrict the liquid delivery tube 121 from continuing to move in the distal direction.
  • the distal stopper is arranged on the inner wall of the cavity 110 of the hollow housing 101, and is configured to be the same as the bolus 102 when the liquid delivery tube 121 is in the distal position.
  • Corresponding structures or components on the outer peripheral portion 126 conflict to restrict the liquid delivery tube 121 from continuing to move in the distal direction.
  • the atomization device 100 also includes a proximal stopper 105, which is arranged in the hollow housing 101 and configured to be when the liquid delivery tube 121 is in the proximal position as shown in FIG. At the end position, the liquid delivery tube 121 is restricted from continuing to move in the proximal direction.
  • the proximal stopper 105 is an end cap inserted into the proximal end of the hollow housing 101. When the liquid delivery tube 121 is in the proximal position, it is close to the bolus 102 The convex structures on the outer circumference of the end housing 129 conflict with each other, thereby preventing the liquid delivery tube 121 from continuing to move in the proximal direction.
  • the proximal stopper 105 may also be a protrusion or similar structure provided on the inner wall of the hollow housing 101, which matches the corresponding locking structure on the outer circumference of the bolus 102, thereby The liquid delivery tube 121 is prevented from continuing to move in the proximal direction. It can be understood that, in some examples, when the bias spring 104 is in the proximal position, it is in a relaxed state; accordingly, there is no need to provide a proximal stopper on the atomization device 100.
  • the length of the bias spring 104 can be changed between the upper liquid length defined by the proximal stopper 105 and the release length defined by the distal stopper.
  • the addition of the liquid agent in the liquid chamber 124 depends on the action of the bias spring 104, and the mechanical energy accumulated at the distal position thereof can be used to form the pressure difference between the reservoir 120 and the liquid chamber 124.
  • the user does not need to operate the atomizing device 100, so a predetermined volume of the liquid preparation can be stably added to the liquid chamber 124 for each liquid supply operation.
  • the structural design of this automatic liquid filling also avoids the uncertainty caused by manual operation.
  • the movement stroke of the liquid delivery tube 121 and the cross section of the inner cavity of the liquid chamber 124 during the atomization process jointly determine the single dose.
  • the diameter of the cross section of the inner cavity is 1 mm to 5 mm, and the movement stroke is 5 mm to 30 mm, and the single dose is about 1 to 500 microliters.
  • the diameter of the cross section of the inner cavity is 1 mm to 3 mm, and the movement stroke is 5 to 20 mm, and the single dose is about 2 to 150 microliters.
  • the reservoir 120 is detachably engaged with the liquid delivery tube 121 so that the reservoir 120 can be replaced or refilled after the liquid formulation contained therein is exhausted.
  • a proximal joint 128 is provided on the periphery of the liquid delivery tube 121.
  • the proximal joint 128 has a groove or a buckle structure that matches the shape of the distal end of the reservoir 120, so as to be detachably The reservoir 120 is engaged.
  • the proximal joint 128 may also be configured as other commonly used joint structures to detachably joint the reservoir 120.
  • the liquid delivery tube 121 and the reservoir 120 may be integrally formed.
  • the bolus injector 102 has a bolus proximal end 127, which is coupled to the liquid delivery tube 121, so that the pushing force applied to the bolus proximal end 127 can overcome the bias.
  • the force exerted by the spring drives the liquid delivery tube 121 to move from the proximal position shown in FIG. 1 toward the distal position shown in FIG. 2.
  • the distal movement of the liquid delivery tube 121 can generate pressure in the liquid channel 111, and generate a sufficient predetermined atomization pressure at the atomization nozzle 103, so that the liquid preparation contained in the liquid chamber 124 is subjected to pressure and undergoes atomization.
  • the nozzle 103 ejects.
  • the predetermined atomization pressure at the atomization nozzle mentioned herein refers to the liquid pressure when the liquid formulation enters the atomization nozzle, and the liquid pressure enables the liquid formulation to have energy to enter the atomization nozzle and be ejected to form a mist. ⁇ drops.
  • the proximal end 127 of the bolus injector 102 can also be any other force-applicable position or part of the bolus injector 102 relatively close to its proximal end, which is configured to be suitable for applying a pushing force to
  • the liquid delivery tube 121 is driven to move between the proximal position and the distal position.
  • the proximal end 127 of the bolus injector and the nebulizing device 100 are configured to receive a manually applied force, such as a push force applied by a thumb, index finger, or other hand area.
  • the proximal end 127 of the bolus device and the atomizing device 100 are configured to receive a pushing force of 10N to 70N, which is roughly the same as when an ordinary person grasps the atomizing device 100 in a clamping or holding position.
  • the impetus exerted is comparable. It can be understood that the aforementioned range of 10N to 70N varies depending on the ability, experience, and/or usage habits of different people, but generally, the force applied by each person during use is relatively stable, and does not vary greatly within this range.
  • the proximal end 127 of the bolus is configured to be engageable with an automatic force application device to receive an automatically applied force.
  • the automatic force applying device may be configured to include a motor and a power source, and the motor can provide a thrust along the axial direction of the bolus 102 under the drive of the power source.
  • the liquid delivery tube 121 moves from the proximal position to the distal position, so that the volume of the liquid chamber 124 is reduced and the pressure becomes larger to form a pressure therein, which is further in the atomizing nozzle
  • a predetermined atomization pressure is generated at 103, thereby prompting the liquid formulation in the liquid chamber 124 to flow out of the liquid channel 111 through the multiple fluid outlets on the atomization nozzle 103 and meet and collide with each other, and finally form a predetermined initial plume velocity and/or particles Particle size spray.
  • the atomization device 100 is configured such that the predetermined atomization pressure at the atomization nozzle 103 formed by the movement of the liquid delivery pipe 121 is between 80 MPa and 1000 MPa, preferably between 100 MPa and 600 MPa under normal use conditions. , More preferably between 300MPa and 500MPa.
  • the structure of the liquid channel 111 and the atomization nozzle 103 can be designed to match the aforementioned liquid atomization pressure to form a spray of the liquid formulation with the required properties.
  • the properties of the spray of the liquid formulation may include the initial plume velocity (the plume velocity when leaving the atomizing nozzle) and/or the average particle size.
  • the aperture of the atomizing nozzle, the filter structure (such as filter column or filter element) upstream of the atomizing nozzle in the liquid channel, the length and cross-sectional area of the liquid channel, and the viscosity of the liquid formulation will all be affected. Influencing the initial plume velocity and average particle size, those skilled in the art can design and determine these structural parameters based on theoretical calculations and simulation results of fluid mechanics.
  • the atomizing device 100 is configured such that the initial plume velocity of the liquid formulation spray produced by it is less than 10m/s, preferably 1m/s to 5m/s or 0.5m/s to 2m/s. In some embodiments, the atomization device 100 is configured such that, under normal use conditions, at least 50% of the droplets in the spray produced by it have an average particle size of 1 um to 10 um, preferably an average particle size of 2 um to 5 um.
  • the spray with the aforementioned initial plume velocity and average particle size can be easily inhaled by the human respiratory tract and can be fully absorbed in the lungs, effectively improving the bioavailability.
  • the amount of the spray formed as described above that is exhaled out of the body through human breathing motion is less, which is beneficial to reduce the environmental pollution caused by the liquid preparation.
  • the nebulization device 100 is configured such that, under normal use conditions, the time for the liquid delivery tube 121 to move from the proximal position to the distal position is substantially equal to the single inhalation time of the normal breathing rhythm of the human body. In some embodiments, the atomization device 100 is configured such that, under normal use, the duration of the spray formed during the movement of the liquid delivery tube 121 from the proximal position to the distal position is substantially equal to the single normal breathing rhythm of the human body. Inspiratory time.
  • the spray formed in the process of moving from the proximal position to the distal position can roughly match the inhalation action of the human body, so that the spray can be effectively inhaled into the human body, avoiding wasting liquid preparations or most of the liquid preparations cannot be absorbed by the human body. Inhale and reduce unabsorbed spray to be exhaled into the environment.
  • the atomization device 100 is configured such that, in normal use, the duration of the spray formed during the movement of the liquid delivery tube 121 from the proximal position to the distal position, that is, the atomization time is 0.5 to 5 seconds, preferably 1 to 3 seconds.
  • the aforementioned spray duration depends on factors such as the amount of liquid preparation consumed by one spray, the moving distance of the liquid delivery tube 121, and on the other hand, it also depends on the fluid characteristics of the liquid channel of the atomizing device 100 (e.g. Liquid damping). Those skilled in the art can adjust relevant designs and parameters according to actual needs to adjust the duration of the aforementioned spray. It should be noted that due to the liquid damping of the liquid in the liquid channel during the spraying process, given the amount of liquid preparation consumed by one spray, the pushing force received by the proximal end of the bolus exerts an impact on the liquid delivery tube 121 The effect of movement speed is relatively small. In other words, a large-range change in the driving force will not cause a change in the same range (in proportion) in the duration, which helps to improve the stability of the atomization device 100 in the spray state.
  • the fluid characteristics of the liquid channel of the atomizing device 100 e.g. Liquid damping
  • the atomization device 100 is configured to maintain the initial plume velocity of the spray formed at 1 m/m during the movement of the liquid delivery tube 121 from the proximal position to the distal position under normal use conditions. s to 5m/s or 0.5m/s to 2m/s. In some embodiments, the atomization device 100 is configured such that, in the process of moving the liquid delivery tube 121 from the proximal position to the distal position, the initial plume velocity of the formed spray remains substantially constant under normal use conditions. In some embodiments, the atomizing device 100 is configured such that, under normal use, the spray formed when the liquid delivery tube 121 moves from the proximal position to the distal position can be continuously 40% to 80% of the spray duration.
  • the initial plume velocity is basically maintained, for example, between 1m/s and 5m/s, between 0.5m/s and 2m/s, or substantially Constant.
  • the atomization device 100 is configured such that, under normal use, at least 50% of the droplets of the spray formed in the above-mentioned continuous time period of at least 40% to 80% have an average particle size of 1um to 10um.
  • the diameter is preferably an average particle diameter of 2um to 5um.
  • the initial plume velocity and average particle size of the spray mainly depend on the characteristics of the liquid channel of the atomization device, especially the structure and design of the most downstream atomization nozzle, and the liquid pressure of the liquid formulation when it enters the atomization nozzle.
  • the atomizing nozzle 103 has fluid outlets 134 and 135, and the orientations of the two are set so that the liquids flowing out of the nozzle can meet and collide with each other to generate a spray with a predetermined initial plume velocity and average particle size.
  • the atomizing nozzle 103 and the atomizing device 100 are configured such that, in normal use, the spray produced by them can have the ideal properties mentioned above, such as the initial plume velocity described above.
  • the total sectional area of the plurality of fluid outlets 134 and 135 is 20um 2 to 1000um 2, preferably 50um 2 to 500um 2, more preferably 50um 2 to 300um 2.
  • the cross-sections of the liquid channel 111 and the fluid outlets 134 and 135 of the atomization device 100 may be circular, rectangular or any other applicable shapes. In some embodiments, the cross-sections of the fluid outlets 134 and 135 are circular, and the diameter of the circular is 5.5um to 26um. 4, the inlet angle ⁇ of the fluid outlets 134 and 135, and the angle formed by the two orientations is 2 ⁇ . In some embodiments, the inlet angle ⁇ of the fluid outlets 134 and 135 is 15 to 75 degrees, preferably 30 degrees. To 60 degrees.
  • the above configuration combined with other configurations of the atomizing device 100 enables the spray formed by the liquid formulation flowing from the atomizing nozzle 103 to have an initial plume velocity and average particle size more suitable for lung absorption under normal use conditions.
  • the atomizing nozzle 103 shown in FIG. 4 has relatively disposed fluid outlets 134 or 135, in some embodiments, the atomizing nozzle 103 may also have 3, 4, 5, 6 or more fluids. Export. These fluid outlets can be evenly distributed on the atomizing nozzle 103. Specifically, in some embodiments, at least one or several pairs of the aforementioned multiple fluid outlets can form the inlet angle, cross-sectional area, and/or aspect ratio of the fluid outlet 134 or 135 as described above.
  • the aforementioned liquid preparation to be delivered is a drug, nutrient, or a liquid preparation containing nicotine, and its viscosity is measured with an Austenitic viscometer, and is 0.2 mPa ⁇ s to 1.6 mPa ⁇ at 25° C. s. In some embodiments, the viscosity of the liquid formulation is measured with an Austenite viscometer, and is 0.5 mPa ⁇ s to 1.3 mPa ⁇ s at 25° C., preferably 0.8 mPa ⁇ s to 1.1 mPa ⁇ s.
  • the “under normal use” in the text refers to the use of the above-mentioned driving force on the atomizing device 100, such as 30-50N, and the liquid to be delivered under a normal room temperature environment.
  • the formulation has the Austenite viscosity as described above.
  • the "proximal end” and “distal end” mentioned in the text refer to the end relatively far away from the atomizing nozzle 103 and the end relatively close to the atomizing nozzle 103, respectively.
  • the bolus injector 102 further includes a proximal housing 129 that is disposed around the reservoir 120 to effectively protect the reservoir 120.
  • An opening is provided on the proximal housing 129 to facilitate the user to observe the nature and amount of liquid in the reservoir 120 through the opening.
  • the proximal housing 129 is at least partially transparent or unobstructed.
  • the proximal housing 129 or the reservoir is provided with a scale corresponding to it, so as to facilitate the observation of the nature and the amount of liquid in the reservoir 120.
  • the driving force acting on the proximal end 127 of the bolus is non-monotonic. Attenuated.
  • the driving force is gradually increased.
  • the bias spring 104 is configured such that, in normal use, when the urging force drives the liquid delivery tube 121 to move from the proximal position shown in FIG. 1 to the distal position shown in FIG. 2, the bias spring 104 can generate and The resistance in the opposite direction of the driving force is used to substantially offset the increased driving force so as to maintain a predetermined atomization pressure at the atomization nozzle.
  • the predetermined atomization pressure is between 80 MPa and 1000 MPa, preferably between 100 MPa and 600 MPa, and more preferably between 300 MPa and 500 MPa.
  • the pushing force applied manually due to the normal force application habits of human beings, after starting to apply the pushing force, the pushing force applied by the user pressing the proximal end of the bolus generally shows a gradually increasing characteristic, while the bias spring
  • the setting of 104 can effectively offset the gradually increasing part of the driving force, so that a stable atomization pressure is maintained at the atomization nozzle, thereby forming a continuous spray with a substantially constant initial plume velocity and average particle size.
  • the biasing spring 104 is configured to generate damping when the liquid delivery tube 121 is pushed from the proximal position shown in FIG. 1 toward the distal position shown in FIG. 2 under normal use conditions, The damping and the damping of the liquid in the fluid channel make the time for the liquid delivery tube 121 to move from the proximal position to the distal position not less than the predetermined atomization time.
  • the predetermined atomization time is 0.5 to 5 seconds, preferably 1 to 3 seconds.
  • the bias spring 104 is configured to generate damping during the movement of the liquid delivery tube 121 from the proximal position to the distal position under normal use conditions, and the damping together with the liquid damping makes the atomization device 100 form
  • the duration of the spray is roughly equal to the single inhalation time of the normal breathing rhythm of the human body.
  • the bias spring 104 is configured to generate damping during the movement of the liquid delivery tube 121 from the proximal position to the distal position under normal use conditions, and the damping together with the liquid damping makes the atomization device 100 form
  • the duration of the spray is 0.5 seconds to 5 seconds, preferably 1 to 3 seconds.
  • the moving speed of the liquid delivery tube 121 is within a certain range under normal use, so that the duration of the spray formed is roughly the same as the inhalation time, which can effectively improve the liquid formulation.
  • the utilization rate of the system can avoid unnecessary waste and pollution.
  • liquid atomization is usually achieved by firing a bias spring. Since the compression amount of the bias spring is gradually reduced during the firing and release of the bias spring, the atomization pressure that the bias spring can provide is also gradually reduced.
  • the traditional mechanical atomization device hopes to achieve the atomization of the liquid formulation throughout the entire atomization process. Therefore, the atomization device is designed to produce sufficient atomization even at the position where the compression of the bias spring is the smallest. pressure.
  • the atomization device actually has redundancy, and the existence of this redundancy makes the particle size and initial plume of the liquid formulation spray formed by atomization The speed is not always satisfactory.
  • the driving force of the atomizing device in some embodiments of the present application is manually applied by the user, and the force application habits of humans make the manual driving force more effective at the atomizing nozzle.
  • the atomization pressure changes less, so as to form a continuous spray with approximately constant initial plume velocity and average particle size. This is far superior to the traditional mechanical atomization device.
  • the firing process of the traditional mechanical atomization device is short, and the spring compression energy is released too fast, which will accelerate the metal fatigue of the spring and reduce the service life of the atomization device.
  • the atomization device of the embodiment of the present application can be manually pushed by the user, and the liquid medicine can be released relatively slowly, which helps to reduce the loss of the spring and increase the service life.
  • the rapid energy release makes the traditional mechanical atomization device unable to deliver a relatively large amount of liquid preparations (usually only 10 to 30 microliters of liquid can be delivered), and therefore cannot meet the needs of many large-dose drug administrations.
  • the atomization device of the embodiment of the present application can be continuously administered by the user multiple times, which can be well suited for the administration of large-dose liquid preparations (for example, 1 ml or more liquid preparations can be delivered).
  • the atomization device of the embodiment of the present application can be administered in accordance with the human breathing rhythm, which is beneficial to improve the inhalation efficiency of the liquid preparation.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the use process of using the atomizing device 100 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 to deliver liquid preparations to the lungs in accordance with the human breathing rhythm.
  • the process of using the atomizing device 100 to match the human breathing rhythm to deliver a nicotine-containing liquid formulation having the above-mentioned Austenite viscosity to the lungs will be described with reference to FIG. 5.
  • step 501 aim the atomizing nozzle 103 at the user’s mouth or nasal cavity, and when inhalation starts, apply a pushing force to the proximal end 127 of the bolus, so that the liquid delivery tube 121 moves from the distal position shown in FIG. Move to the proximal position shown in Figure 2.
  • the bias spring is compressed.
  • a predetermined atomization pressure is generated at the atomization nozzle 103, so that the nicotine-containing liquid in the liquid chamber 124 can flow out from the fluid outlets 134 and 135 and then collide and collide with each other to produce a predetermined initial plume.
  • the predetermined initial plume velocity is less than 10m/s, 1m/s to 5m/s, or 0.5m/s to 2m/s, and at least 50% of the droplets in the spray produced have an average of 1um to 10um
  • the particle size is preferably an average particle size of 2um to 5um.
  • the spray of the nicotine-containing liquid preparation with such an initial plume velocity and particle size can be more conducive to the absorption of the human body and improve the bioavailability.
  • the pushing force applied in step 501 is applied to the proximal end 127 of the bolus injector through a thumb or other fingers. Since the force habit of a human finger when applying a pushing force is generally that the force gradually increases, the bias spring 104 is configured to substantially offset the increased part of the finger pushing force applied according to the human force habit, so that the step In the process of 501, the liquid delivery tube 121 can keep moving to the distal position generally stably, so that during the whole process or at least most of the duration, a stable pressure is maintained in the liquid channel, and a predetermined mist is generally maintained at the atomizing nozzle. ⁇ Chemical pressure.
  • the atomization device 100 is configured such that the spray formed in step 501 maintains the particle size or initial feathering speed as described above for a continuous period of at least 40% to 80% of its duration, preferably Maintain the above particle size or initial feathering speed for a continuous period of 60% to 80%, or maintain the above particle size or initial feathering speed for a longer period of time, thereby effectively improving absorption efficiency and bioavailability.
  • the time for the liquid delivery tube 121 to move from the proximal position to the distal position is not less than the predetermined atomization time, such as 1 second to 3 seconds, or roughly A single inhalation time equal to the normal breathing rhythm of the human body.
  • the above-mentioned structure of the atomization device 100 makes the spray duration substantially equal to a single inhalation time under normal use conditions, thereby avoiding the waste of the liquid to be delivered and improving the bioavailability.
  • the spray duration is roughly equivalent to the single inhalation time of the breathing rhythm, the problem of difficulty in breathing coordination and coordination of the user caused by the rapid generation of spray devices like MDI is avoided.
  • step 502 when the liquid delivery tube 121 moves to the distal position shown in FIG. 2, the pushing force applied to the proximal end 127 of the bolus is removed. Therefore, under the action of the bias spring 104, the liquid delivery tube 121 returns from the distal position shown in FIG. 2 to the proximal position shown in FIG. The pressure in the chamber 124 is gradually reduced, so that the nicotine-containing liquid preparation in the reservoir 120 can be transported to the liquid chamber 124 through the liquid delivery tube 121 based on the pressure difference between the liquid chamber 124 and the reservoir 120 .
  • the user may choose to repeat step 501 to perform the next round of pulmonary inhalation and delivery process of the nicotine-containing liquid preparation.
  • the atomization device of the present application overcomes the prejudice of the prior art, does not require an energy storage device and an instantaneous energy release switch, and realizes the real-time release of kinetic energy and the real-time adaptation of atomization kinetic energy It adjusts and avoids the impact of the instantaneous release of energy on the inside of the device and the sensory irritation to the user. It has a good effect on the atomization effect of the liquid preparation and the utilization of the user’s breathing. Achieved unexpected technical effects.
  • the atomization device of the present application has a simplified structure and reduced cost; there is no impact caused by the instantaneous release of energy, and the use process is relatively gentle; the operation is simple and the user's acceptance is higher.
  • the atomizing device of the embodiment of the present application is particularly suitable for delivering nicotine pulmonary inhalation preparations or other aqueous preparations.
  • the nicotine formulation spray formed by the atomization device can achieve higher delivery efficiency and bioavailability with a lower nicotine concentration, and maintain the delivery efficiency generally stable during the entire delivery process.
  • droplets of the formulation with an average particle size ranging from 1 um to 10 um can be delivered, which is sufficient to reach the alveolar area, and can be retained in the alveolar area to avoid excessive unabsorbed nicotine carried in the exhaled air.
  • nicotine may be nicotine free base or a nicotine derivative.
  • the nicotinic derivative can be any nicotinic analogue molecule capable of binding to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Suitable nicotine-like molecules include acetylcholine, choline, echinocrin, lobeline, varenicline, and genistein.
  • the liquid formulation may contain nicotine in an amount between 0-20 mg/ml, 2-20 mg/ml, 2-15 mg/ml, 1-8 mg/ml or 1.5-6 mg/ml.
  • the pH value of the nicotine liquid formulation delivered by the nebulization device is between 7.0 and 12. Nicotine can be added to the formulation without pH adjustment so that it is mainly present in an uncharged form equivalent to a pH of about 10 (>99% uncharged). Since charged nicotine molecules (most nicotine at pH ⁇ 8) are not volatile and slowly diffuse through the lung surface actives in the form of dissolved salts, uncharged nicotine can move into the gas phase and quickly diffuse through the membrane into the blood Therefore, it is preferable to deliver nicotine with a pH of 10 to the lungs, which can make the delivered nicotine participate in the substance exchange of the lungs as much as possible.
  • the liquid nicotine formulations described in this application may include at least one buffer system. Although nicotine may be regarded as a buffer, the formulation also includes another buffer.
  • the inventor of the present application has found experimentally that when the liquid formulation is exposed to the air, the pH value of the liquid formulation will gradually decrease due to the influence of CO 2 in the air, leaving the optimal pH value of 10 range. Therefore, for preparations that are used multiple times after opening the bottle and need to guarantee a three to nine month lifespan, it is beneficial to add a buffer system.
  • the nicotine liquid formulation described in this application contains at least one preservative or antioxidant, such as benzalkonium chloride or disodium EDTA, to ensure the safety and stability of the formulation during storage and use.
  • at least one preservative or antioxidant such as benzalkonium chloride or disodium EDTA
  • the liquid formulation does not contain glycerin and propylene glycol.
  • the nicotine liquid preparation described in this application may contain at least one inorganic or organic salt, such as sodium chloride, sodium citrate or sodium sulfate.
  • inorganic or organic salt such as sodium chloride, sodium citrate or sodium sulfate.
  • the inventors of the present application have found experimentally that increasing the salt concentration is beneficial to the generation of droplets with smaller particle diameters.
  • Liquid formulations may contain 0.3%-3% vol/vol of such salts.
  • the nicotine liquid formulation described in this application may not contain ethanol. Because ethanol reduces the viscosity and surface tension of the aqueous solution, it is not conducive to the formation of small droplets, and ethanol volatilizes very quickly at lower concentrations, which is not conducive to the use and storage stability of the formulation.
  • the liquid formulation of the present application may not contain a propellant.
  • propellant refers to a compound with a boiling point of -100°C to +30°C, a density of 1.2-1.5g/cm 3 , a vapor pressure of 40-80 psig, non-flammable and non-toxic for human inhalation, such as hydrogen Hydrofluoroalkane (HFA) propellant.
  • HFA hydrogen Hydrofluoroalkane
  • a propellant is a chemical substance used to generate pressurized gas, which is then used to cause fluid to move when the pressure is released.
  • the liquid preparation of the present application may contain: 2-20 mg/ml nicotine, 0.3%-5% (v/v) organic or inorganic salt, such as NaCl; at least one buffer system, such as Tris-HCl buffer system , At least one preservative, such as benzalkonium chloride.
  • the pH of the liquid formulation is between 7.0-12.
  • liquid formulations can include flavoring components. Suitable flavor components include those flavor components that are typically added to tobacco products. For example, menthol, fruity, coffee, tobacco, or sweetness. The concentration of the flavoring component is selected so that it does not affect nicotine gas release or droplet size.
  • the liquid formulation may contain substances that enhance throat shock, such as citric acid.
  • the liquid formulation may contain a coloring agent, such as caramel.
  • the liquid formulation may contain a sweetener, such as glucose.
  • the liquid formulation may contain antioxidants, such as vitamin E.
  • liquid formulations may contain surfactants, such as phospholipids (e.g., oleic acid, lecithin, Span, PVP). Additionally or alternatively, the liquid formulation may contain a pH adjusting agent that will dissociate in the solution, such as HCl.
  • surfactants such as phospholipids (e.g., oleic acid, lecithin, Span, PVP).
  • the liquid formulation may contain a pH adjusting agent that will dissociate in the solution, such as HCl.

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WO2024082208A1 (en) * 2022-10-20 2024-04-25 L'oreal Cosmetic formula atomization device with piston-spring structure
WO2024164609A1 (zh) * 2023-02-07 2024-08-15 青岛未来移动医疗科技有限公司 一种雾化器定量药杯、定量给药系统及控制方法

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KR20230012606A (ko) 2023-01-26
JP2023526414A (ja) 2023-06-21
CN113679910A (zh) 2021-11-23
EP4154928A4 (en) 2024-06-12
CA3187775A1 (en) 2021-11-25
US20240238538A1 (en) 2024-07-18
TW202144038A (zh) 2021-12-01

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