WO2021232296A1 - 一种无人机的控制方法、设备、无人机及存储介质 - Google Patents

一种无人机的控制方法、设备、无人机及存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021232296A1
WO2021232296A1 PCT/CN2020/091327 CN2020091327W WO2021232296A1 WO 2021232296 A1 WO2021232296 A1 WO 2021232296A1 CN 2020091327 W CN2020091327 W CN 2020091327W WO 2021232296 A1 WO2021232296 A1 WO 2021232296A1
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Prior art keywords
height
ground
reference plane
relative
target
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PCT/CN2020/091327
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄振昊
钟颖
贾焱超
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深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2020/091327 priority Critical patent/WO2021232296A1/zh
Publication of WO2021232296A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021232296A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/10Simultaneous control of position or course in three dimensions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of control technology, in particular to a control method, equipment, unmanned aerial vehicle and storage medium of an unmanned aerial vehicle.
  • UAVs need to control the flying height in the process of performing operational tasks (such as surveying and mapping tasks), so as to adjust the flying height of the UAV along with the ups and downs of the terrain to avoid potential safety hazards such as collisions.
  • operational tasks such as surveying and mapping tasks
  • the flying height of the UAV is usually adjusted according to the height of the UAV relative to the height datum of the surface elevation database.
  • the altitude datum plane of the UAV's positioning base station is not necessarily the same as the altitude datum plane of the surface elevation database. Therefore, the flight height of the drone is adjusted according to the height of the UAV relative to the altitude datum plane of the surface elevation database. , It is easy to cause inaccurate flight altitude calculation and lead to safety problems. In addition, the issue of calibration of the take-off position is not considered, and even if the take-off position of the drone is on a building instead of on the ground, these may lead to errors and potential safety hazards. Therefore, how to more effectively control the flying height of the UAV is of great significance.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide a control method, equipment, unmanned aerial vehicle, and storage medium of an unmanned aerial vehicle, which can obtain a more accurate flying height and effectively reduce the hidden danger of the unmanned aerial vehicle.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a control method of an unmanned aerial vehicle, including:
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a control device, including a memory and a processor
  • the memory is used to store programs
  • the processor is used to call the program, and when the program is executed, it is used to perform the following operations:
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an unmanned aerial vehicle, and the unmanned aerial vehicle includes:
  • the power system configured on the fuselage is used to provide the moving power for the UAV
  • control device as described in the third aspect above.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium that stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method described in the first aspect is implemented.
  • the control device can obtain the ground height of the target waypoint and the position coordinates of the target waypoint projected on the ground surface, and search the ground surface height corresponding to the position coordinates in the ground surface elevation database, wherein the ground surface height It is used to characterize the height of the ground surface at the position coordinate relative to the first height reference surface of the ground surface elevation database, and to obtain the distance between the first height reference surface and the second height reference surface used when controlling the flying height of the drone
  • the target height of the target waypoint relative to the second height reference plane is determined according to the ground height, the ground surface height and the reference height deviation, so as to generate the height control for the drone to fly to the target waypoint according to the target height instruction.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a control system provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for controlling drones according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3a is a schematic diagram of determining the target waypoint
  • Figure 3b is another schematic diagram of determining the target waypoint
  • Figure 4a is a schematic diagram of a waypoint projected on the ground surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4b is a schematic diagram of determining the height of the ground surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4c is another schematic diagram of determining the height of the ground surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5a is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a height reference plane
  • Figure 5b is a two-dimensional schematic diagram of a height reference plane
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of determining the height of a target provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is another schematic diagram of determining the height of a target provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a control device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the UAV adjusts the flying height of the UAV by mimicking the ground during the execution of operational tasks (such as surveying and mapping tasks), and mainly uses millimeter-wave radar and vision for ground-simulating flight.
  • operational tasks such as surveying and mapping tasks
  • millimeter-wave radar and vision for ground-simulating flight the ground height needs to be less than 70 meters. If it is higher than 70 meters, the effect of visual/millimeter-wave radar for ground-like flight will be reduced.
  • UAVs In the process of performing operations, UAVs generally fly above 70 meters. Therefore, in the process of performing operations, UAVs generally use the existing surface elevation database for ground simulation.
  • the UAV is flying through the UAV's positioning base station during the flight
  • the surface elevation database is used as the reference for ground-like flight, it may be due to the altitude reference plane of the positioning base station and the surface elevation database.
  • the height reference plane of the drone is not the same and an error occurs, and the flight safety of the UAV cannot even be guaranteed.
  • the surface elevation database and positioning base station will be described below.
  • the surface elevation database mainly includes the global elevation database (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission, SRTM) and the earth observation satellite ALOS, and the positioning base station of the drone mainly adopts the carrier phase difference technology (Real-time kinematic, RTK),
  • the height reference plane of RTK may not be consistent with SRTM or ALOS.
  • the elevation datum of RTK can be high ground or high altitude, and due to the uneven distribution of gravity fields around the world, and all countries and regions in the world have to find an optimal datum level in their own region, all countries in the world The height reference level of the region and the region are different. Since the altitude reference of each place is determined by the gravity distribution of the place, and the gravity distribution of each place is generally strictly confidential, it is generally impossible to obtain the altitude and/or geodetic level of a large area.
  • the present invention proposes a control method for drones, which obtains the ground height of the target waypoint and the position coordinates of the target waypoint projected on the ground surface, and searches for the position coordinates in the ground surface elevation database.
  • the flight altitude compensation is realized when the altitude reference plane of the UAV's positioning base station is different from the altitude reference plane of the surface elevation database, so that the calculated target altitude is more accurate, and the unmanned aircraft is improved.
  • the flight safety of the aircraft is realized when the altitude reference plane of the UAV's positioning base station is different from the altitude reference plane of the surface elevation database, so that the calculated target altitude is more accurate, and the unmanned aircraft is improved.
  • the control method of the drone provided in the embodiment of the present invention may be executed by a control system.
  • the control system includes a control device and a drone.
  • the control device can be installed on the drone.
  • the control device can be spatially independent from the drone.
  • the control device may be a component of a drone, that is, the drone includes a control device.
  • the control device may be a controller of a drone.
  • the control device may be a flight controller, a remote controller, or the like of the drone.
  • the drone control method provided in the embodiments of the present invention can also be applied to other aerial vehicles, autonomously moving robots, unmanned vehicles, unmanned ships and other movable equipment, which will not be specifically described here. limited.
  • control system provided by the embodiment of the present invention will be schematically described below with reference to FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a control system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the control system includes a control device 11 and an unmanned aerial vehicle 12, the unmanned aerial vehicle 12 includes a power system 121, and the power system 121 is used to provide the unmanned aerial vehicle 12 with moving power.
  • the control device 11 is provided in the drone 12, and can establish a communication connection with other devices (such as the power system 121) in the drone through a wired communication connection.
  • the drone 12 and the control device 11 are independent of each other.
  • the control device 11 is set in a cloud server and establishes a communication connection with the drone 12 through a wireless communication connection.
  • the control device 11 can obtain the ground height of the target waypoint and the position coordinates of the target waypoint projected on the ground surface, and search the ground surface height corresponding to the position coordinates in the ground surface elevation database.
  • the ground surface height is used to characterize the height of the ground surface at the position coordinates relative to the first height reference surface of the ground surface elevation database, and to obtain the first height reference surface and the second height used when controlling the flying height of the UAV 12
  • the reference height deviation between the reference planes so as to determine the target height of the target waypoint relative to the second height reference plane according to the ground clearance, the ground surface height and the reference height deviation, so as to generate the UAV 12 to fly to the target according to the target height
  • the altitude control command of the waypoint Through this implementation, a more accurate flying height can be obtained, which effectively reduces the potential safety hazards of the drone.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for controlling an unmanned aerial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method may be executed by a control device, and the specific explanation of the control device is as described above.
  • the method of the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps.
  • control device can obtain the ground clearance of the target waypoint and the position coordinates of the target waypoint projected on the ground surface.
  • the position coordinates of the target waypoint projected on the ground surface include the longitude and/or latitude of the target waypoint.
  • the target waypoint may be pre-planned.
  • the target waypoint may generate a route according to the pre-planned area and the corner point coordinates in the area, and determine it on the generated route. get.
  • Figure 3a is a schematic diagram of determining the target waypoint. As shown in Figure 3a, the route 32 can be generated according to the corner coordinates in the area 31 and the area 31, such as 311, and then determined from the route 32 Target waypoint 321.
  • the target waypoint may be one or more, and the plurality includes two or more.
  • Figure 3b is another schematic diagram of determining the target waypoint. Determine multiple target waypoints such as waypoint 321, waypoint 322, and waypoint 323.
  • the control device when acquiring the position coordinates of the target waypoint projected on the ground surface, may acquire the projection point of the target waypoint projected on the ground surface, and determine the position coordinates of the projection point as the position coordinates of the target waypoint .
  • Figure 4a is a schematic diagram of a waypoint projected on the ground surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 4a, the target waypoint 41 can be projected on the ground surface 42 to obtain a projection point 43, and It is determined that the position coordinates of the projection point 43 are the position coordinates of the projection of the target waypoint 41.
  • S202 Search the ground surface height corresponding to the position coordinates in the ground surface elevation database, where the ground surface height is used to represent the height of the ground surface located at the position coordinates relative to the first height reference plane of the ground surface elevation database.
  • control device may search the ground surface height corresponding to the position coordinates in the ground surface elevation database, where the ground surface height is used to characterize the first position of the ground surface located at the position coordinates relative to the ground surface elevation database.
  • the height of a height reference surface may be searched.
  • the first height reference surface may be a reference ellipsoid surface.
  • the height of a point on the ground surface relative to the first height reference plane is the height of the ground.
  • the height of the ground is from a point on the ground to a reference along the normal line of the ellipsoid passing through the point. The distance of the ellipsoid.
  • Figure 4b is a schematic diagram of determining the height of the surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 4b, the position coordinates of the projection point 43 can be found in the surface elevation database according to the position coordinates of the projection point 43 The ground surface height 45 relative to the first height reference surface 44 of the ground surface elevation database.
  • S203 Obtain a reference height deviation between the first height reference surface and a second height reference surface, where the second height reference surface is a height reference surface used when the drone is controlled for flying height.
  • control device can obtain the reference height deviation between the first height reference surface and the second height reference surface, and the second height reference surface is used when controlling the flying height of the drone The height of the reference plane.
  • the control device can obtain the reference height deviation between the first height reference surface and the second height reference surface, the deviation caused by the difference between the first height reference surface and the second height reference surface can be effectively compensated.
  • the second height reference plane is determined according to the height information of the location of the positioning base station used to locate the drone.
  • the positioning base station is an RTK positioning base station.
  • the second reference datum surface is a geoid.
  • the second height datum surface is a geoid 46 as shown in FIG. 4b.
  • the height of a certain point on the ground surface relative to the second height reference plane is orthometric height (that is, altitude).
  • orthometric height is the vertical height from a certain point on the ground to the point passing through the point. The distance between the intersection of the line and the geoid.
  • FIG. 4c is another schematic diagram for determining the height of the ground surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention, which includes a first height reference surface 44 and a second height reference surface 46 that are approximately parallel.
  • the geoid refers to a level that overlaps with the average sea surface and extends into the interior of the continent.
  • the geoid is used as the basis. Due to the unevenness of the earth's surface and the uneven distribution of mass inside the earth, the geoid is a slightly undulating irregular surface.
  • the geoid is the equipotential surface of gravity, that is, when an object moves along this surface, gravity does not work (for example, water does not flow on this surface).
  • the determination of the geoid is achieved by determining the distance between it and the reference ellipsoid-the difference of the geoid.
  • the first height reference surface is a reference ellipsoid surface
  • the second height reference surface is a geoid.
  • Figure 5a is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a height reference surface
  • Figure 5b is a height reference surface.
  • the control device when it obtains the reference height deviation between the first height reference surface and the second height reference surface, it can determine multiple sampling waypoints in a preset area and control the drone to fly to For each of the sampling waypoints, obtain the sampling height of the UAV relative to the second height datum measured by the UAV under each sampling waypoint, and obtain the sampling height under each sampling waypoint.
  • the measured altitude of the drone over the ground, and according to the position coordinates of each of the sampled waypoints projected on the ground surface look up the ground height corresponding to each of the sampled waypoints in the surface elevation database, Therefore, the reference height deviation is determined according to the ground surface height, the ground height and the sampling height of the multiple sampling waypoints.
  • the position coordinates of each of the sampled waypoints projected on the ground surface include the longitude and/or latitude of each of the sampled waypoints.
  • the reference height deviation is determined based on the elevation information of the location of the positioning base station used to locate the drone.
  • the positioning base station may be an RTK base station.
  • the preset area is determined according to the flight mission area of the drone.
  • the flight mission area of the drone can be planned in advance in the control device.
  • the flight mission area of the drone can be planned in advance in the APP of the control device. .
  • control device when the control device determines the deviation of the reference height according to the ground surface height, the ground height, and the sampling height of the multiple sampling waypoints, it may compare the multiple sampling navigation points.
  • the sum of the ground surface height and the ground height of a point is used as the estimated height of the sampled waypoint relative to the first height reference plane, and the estimated height and the total height are calculated for each sampled waypoint.
  • the height difference of the sampling height, and the reference height deviation is determined according to the height difference of a plurality of the sampling waypoints.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of determining the height of a target provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • n sampling waypoints are determined on the route of the preset area, denoted as ⁇ Cn ⁇ , And control the drone to fly to each of the sampling waypoints Cn, and obtain the sampling height of the drone relative to the second height reference plane 63 measured by the drone under each sampling waypoint Cn, and The ground height of the UAV measured under the sampling waypoint Cn, and according to the position coordinates of each sampling waypoint Cn projected on the ground surface 61, the ground surface height corresponding to each sampling waypoint Cn is searched in the surface elevation database, The sum of the surface height and the ground height of multiple sampled waypoints Cn is used as the estimated height of the sampled waypoint Cn relative to the first altitude datum 62, and the estimated height and the height of the sampled altitude are calculated for each sampled waypoint Cn Difference.
  • the altitude difference between each sampled waypoint under the second altitude reference plane and the first altitude reference plane can be calculated, and The standard deviation is determined according to the altitude difference of each sampled waypoint, so as to determine the standard deviation as the baseline altitude deviation.
  • the reference height difference can be effectively determined.
  • S204 Determine the target height of the target waypoint relative to the second height reference plane according to the ground clearance, the ground surface height, and the reference height deviation, and the target height is used to generate The altitude control command for the man-machine to fly to the target waypoint.
  • control device may determine the target height of the target waypoint relative to the second height reference plane according to the ground clearance, the ground surface height and the reference height deviation, and the target height It is used to generate an altitude control command for the UAV to fly to the target waypoint.
  • the control device when it determines the target height of the target waypoint relative to the second height reference plane according to the ground clearance, the ground surface height, and the reference height deviation, it can obtain the target height
  • the take-off position of the drone is relative to the first height value of the first height reference plane, and the height of the ground surface, the first height value, and the height above the ground corresponding to the position coordinates are determined.
  • the estimated altitude of the target waypoint relative to the first altitude reference plane, and the second altitude value of the take-off position of the drone relative to the second altitude reference plane is obtained, so as to be relative to the target waypoint Determine the target height of the target waypoint relative to the second height reference surface based on the estimated height of the first height reference surface, the reference height deviation and the second height value.
  • the first height value of the take-off position of the drone relative to the first height reference plane can be obtained by looking up a table according to the position coordinates of the take-off position of the drone.
  • the table prestores the correspondence between the position coordinates of the take-off position of the drone and the first height value relative to the first height reference plane.
  • the estimated height of the target waypoint relative to the first altitude reference plane can be effectively determined by the UAV's first altitude value relative to the first altitude reference plane, the ground surface altitude, and the ground clearance, so that the relative altitude of the target waypoint relative to the first altitude reference plane can be determined according to the take-off position.
  • the target height of the target waypoint relative to the second height reference surface is accurately determined.
  • the control device determines the distance of the target waypoint relative to the first height reference plane according to the ground surface height, the first height value, and the ground clearance corresponding to the position coordinates.
  • the difference between the ground surface height corresponding to the position coordinates and the first height value may be used as the take-off position of the drone and the target waypoint relative to the first height reference plane
  • the target flight can be effectively determined based on the ground surface height difference and the ground clearance.
  • the estimated height of the point relative to the first height datum is the difference between the ground surface height and the first height value.
  • the control device determines that the target waypoint is relative to the target waypoint based on the estimated height of the target waypoint relative to the first height reference plane, the reference height deviation, and the second height value.
  • the preset height deviation input by the user can be obtained.
  • the preset height deviation is the height of the take-off position of the drone from the ground, and is relative to the target waypoint according to the The estimated height of the first height reference surface, the reference height deviation, the second height value, and the preset height deviation determine the target height of the target waypoint relative to the second height reference surface.
  • the second height reference plane is determined according to the height information of the location where the positioning base station is located and a preset height deviation input by the user.
  • Figure 7 is another schematic diagram of determining the target height provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the control device can the target waypoint i with respect to the estimated height of the reference surface 71 of the first height ⁇ H i, the reference height deviation ⁇ hc std, takeoff UAV position 73 relative to the second reference plane height value 72 of a second height H 'OA and
  • the preset height deviation may refer to the height of the drone's take-off position relative to the ground surface. For example, if the drone's take-off position is on the roof of a certain building, the The preset height deviation is the height of the building relative to the ground surface.
  • the control device can obtain the ground height of the target waypoint and the position coordinates of the target waypoint projected on the ground surface, and search the ground surface elevation database for the position coordinates relative to the ground surface elevation database.
  • the flight altitude compensation is realized when the altitude reference plane of the UAV's positioning base station is different from the altitude reference plane of the surface elevation database, so that the calculated target altitude is more accurate, and the unmanned aircraft is improved.
  • the flight safety of the aircraft is realized when the altitude reference plane of the UAV's positioning base station is different from the altitude reference plane of the surface elevation database, so that the calculated target altitude is more accurate, and the unmanned aircraft is improved.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a control device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the control device includes: a memory 801 and a processor 802.
  • control device further includes a data interface 803, and the data interface 803 is used to transfer data information between the control device and other devices.
  • the memory 801 may include a volatile memory (volatile memory); the memory 801 may also include a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory); the memory 801 may also include a combination of the foregoing types of memories.
  • the processor 802 may be a central processing unit (CPU).
  • the processor 802 may further include a hardware chip.
  • the above-mentioned hardware chip may be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD) or a combination thereof.
  • the above-mentioned PLD may be a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or any combination thereof.
  • the memory 801 is used to store programs, and the processor 802 can call the programs stored in the memory 801 to perform the following steps:
  • the target height of the target waypoint relative to the second height reference plane is determined according to the ground clearance, the ground surface height, and the reference height deviation, and the target height is used to generate the UAV The altitude control command for flying to the target waypoint.
  • processor 802 obtains the reference height deviation between the first height reference surface and the second height reference surface, it is specifically configured to:
  • the reference height deviation is determined according to the ground surface height, the ground height and the sampling height of the multiple sampling waypoints.
  • processor 802 determines the reference height deviation according to the ground surface height, the ground height and the sampling height of the multiple sampling waypoints, it is specifically configured to:
  • the reference altitude deviation is determined according to the altitude difference values of the multiple sampled waypoints.
  • the processor 802 is specifically configured to determine the target height of the target waypoint relative to the second height reference plane according to the ground clearance, the ground surface height, and the reference height deviation. :
  • the processor 802 determines the distance of the target waypoint relative to the first height reference plane according to the ground surface height, the first height value, and the ground clearance corresponding to the position coordinates. When estimating the height, it is specifically used for:
  • the processor 802 determines that the target waypoint is relative to the estimated height of the target waypoint relative to the first height reference plane, the reference height deviation, and the second height value.
  • the target height of the second height reference plane it is specifically used for:
  • the target waypoint According to the estimated altitude of the target waypoint relative to the first altitude reference plane, the reference altitude deviation, the second altitude value and the preset altitude deviation, it is determined that the target waypoint is relative to the first altitude reference plane. 2.
  • the target height of the height reference plane The target height of the height reference plane.
  • the second height reference plane is determined according to the height information of the location of the positioning base station used to locate the drone.
  • the positioning base station is an RTK positioning base station.
  • the second height reference plane is determined according to the height information of the location where the positioning base station is located and a preset height deviation input by the user.
  • the reference height deviation is determined according to the elevation information of the location of the positioning base station used to locate the drone.
  • the preset area is determined according to the flight mission area of the drone.
  • the position coordinates include the longitude and/or latitude of each of the sampled waypoints.
  • the first height reference surface is a reference ellipsoid surface.
  • the second height reference plane is a geoid.
  • the control device can obtain the ground clearance of the target waypoint and the position coordinates of the target waypoint projected on the ground surface, and search the ground surface elevation database for the position coordinates relative to the ground surface elevation database.
  • the flight altitude compensation is realized when the altitude reference plane of the UAV's positioning base station is different from the altitude reference plane of the surface elevation database, so that the calculated target altitude is more accurate, and the unmanned aircraft is improved.
  • the flight safety of the aircraft is realized when the altitude reference plane of the UAV's positioning base station is different from the altitude reference plane of the surface elevation database, so that the calculated target altitude is more accurate, and the unmanned aircraft is improved.
  • An embodiment of the present invention also provides an unmanned aerial vehicle, including: a fuselage; a power system configured on the fuselage to provide mobile power for the unmanned aerial vehicle; the power system includes: a power component; one or more The motor is used to drive the power components to rotate to provide the power for the drone to move; the processor is used to obtain the ground height of the target waypoint and the position coordinates of the target waypoint projected on the ground surface; look up in the surface elevation database The ground surface height corresponding to the position coordinates, wherein the ground surface height is used to represent the height of the ground surface located at the position coordinates relative to the first height reference plane of the ground surface elevation database; and obtaining the first height reference plane The reference height deviation from the second height reference surface, the second height reference surface being the height reference surface used when the drone is used for flying height control; according to the ground clearance, the ground height and The reference altitude deviation determines the target altitude of the target waypoint relative to the second altitude reference plane, and the target altitude is used to generate an altitude control instruction for the drone to fly
  • the processor obtains the reference height deviation between the first height reference surface and the second height reference surface, it is specifically configured to:
  • the reference height deviation is determined according to the ground surface height, the ground height and the sampling height of the multiple sampling waypoints.
  • the processor determines the reference height deviation according to the ground surface height, the ground height and the sampling height of the multiple sampling waypoints, it is specifically configured to:
  • the reference altitude deviation is determined according to the altitude difference values of the multiple sampled waypoints.
  • the processor determines the target height of the target waypoint relative to the second height reference plane according to the ground clearance, the ground surface height, and the deviation of the reference height, it is specifically configured to:
  • the processor determines the estimation of the target waypoint relative to the first height reference plane according to the ground surface height, the first height value, and the ground clearance corresponding to the position coordinates When it is high, it is specifically used for:
  • the processor determines that the target waypoint is relative to the estimated height of the target waypoint relative to the first height reference plane, the reference height deviation, and the second height value.
  • the target height of the second height reference plane it is specifically used for:
  • the target waypoint According to the estimated altitude of the target waypoint relative to the first altitude reference plane, the reference altitude deviation, the second altitude value and the preset altitude deviation, it is determined that the target waypoint is relative to the first altitude reference plane. 2.
  • the target height of the height reference plane The target height of the height reference plane.
  • the second height reference plane is determined according to the height information of the location of the positioning base station used to locate the drone.
  • the positioning base station is an RTK positioning base station.
  • the second height reference plane is determined according to the height information of the location where the positioning base station is located and a preset height deviation input by the user.
  • the reference height deviation is determined according to the elevation information of the location of the positioning base station used to locate the drone.
  • the preset area is determined according to the flight mission area of the drone.
  • the position coordinates include the longitude and/or latitude of each of the sampled waypoints.
  • the first height reference surface is a reference ellipsoid surface.
  • the second height reference plane is a geoid.
  • the drone can obtain the ground height of the target waypoint and the position coordinates of the target waypoint projected on the ground surface, and search the ground surface elevation database at the position coordinates relative to the ground surface elevation database
  • Base height deviation determine the target height of the target waypoint relative to the second height reference plane.
  • the embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method described in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 2 of the present invention is implemented. , The device corresponding to the embodiment of the present invention described in FIG. 8 can also be implemented, which will not be repeated here.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be an internal storage unit of the device described in any of the foregoing embodiments, such as a hard disk or memory of the device.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may also be an external storage device of the device, such as a plug-in hard disk equipped on the device, a smart memory card (Smart Media Card, SMC), or a Secure Digital (SD) card. , Flash Card, etc.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may also include both an internal storage unit of the device and an external storage device.
  • the computer-readable storage medium is used to store the computer program and other programs and data required by the terminal.
  • the computer-readable storage medium can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.

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Abstract

一种无人机的控制方法、设备、无人机及存储介质,其中,该方法包括:获取目标航点的离地高度和目标航点在地表面投影的位置坐标;在地表高程数据库中查找位置坐标对应的地表高度,其中,地表高度用于表征位于位置坐标的地表面相对于地表高程数据库的第一高度基准面的高度;获取第一高度基准面与第二高度基准面之间的基准高度偏差,第二高度基准面为对无人机进行飞行高度控制时使用的高度基准面;根据离地高度、地表高度和基准高度偏差,确定目标航点相对于第二高度基准面的目标高度,目标高度用于生成使无人机飞行至目标航点的高度控制指令。通过这种方式,可以获取到更精准的飞行高度,有效降低了无人机的安全隐患。

Description

一种无人机的控制方法、设备、无人机及存储介质 技术领域
本发明涉及控制技术领域,尤其涉及一种无人机的控制方法、设备、无人机及存储介质。
背景技术
无人机在执行作业任务(如测绘任务)的过程中需要对飞行高度进行控制,以随着地形起伏调节无人机的飞行高度,避免发生碰撞等安全隐患。目前,在对无人机的飞行高度进行控制时,通常是根据无人机相对于地表高程数据库的高度基准面的高度来调节无人机的飞行高度。
然而,无人机的定位基站的高度基准面实际与地表高程数据库的高度基准面不一定相同,因此,根据无人机相对于地表高程数据库的高度基准面的高度来调节无人机的飞行高度,容易导致飞行高度计算不准确而导致安全问题。另外也没有考虑到起飞位置标定问题,更没有考虑到如果无人机的起飞位置在建筑物上而非在地面上的情况,这些都可能导致错误与安全隐患。因此,如何更有效地控制无人机的飞行高度具有十分重要的意义。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种无人机的控制方法、设备、无人机及存储介质,可以获取到更精准的飞行高度,有效降低了无人机的安全隐患。
第一方面,本发明实施例提供了一种无人机的控制方法,包括:
获取目标航点的离地高度和所述目标航点在地表面投影的位置坐标;
在地表高程数据库中查找所述位置坐标对应的地表高度,其中,所述地表高度用于表征位于所述位置坐标的地表面相对于所述地表高程数据库的第一高度基准面的高度;
获取所述第一高度基准面与第二高度基准面之间的基准高度偏差,所述第二高度基准面为对所述无人机进行飞行高度控制时使用的高度基准面;
根据所述离地高度、所述地表高度和所述基准高度偏差,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第二高度基准面的目标高度,所述目标高度用于生成使所述无人 机飞行至所述目标航点的高度控制指令。
第二方面,本发明实施例提供了一种控制设备,包括存储器和处理器;
所述存储器,用于存储程序;
所述处理器,用于调用所述程序,当所述程序被执行时,用于执行以下操作:
获取目标航点的离地高度和所述目标航点在地表面投影的位置坐标;
在地表高程数据库中查找所述位置坐标对应的地表高度,其中,所述地表高度用于表征位于所述位置坐标的地表面相对于所述地表高程数据库的第一高度基准面的高度;
获取所述第一高度基准面与第二高度基准面之间的基准高度偏差,所述第二高度基准面为对所述无人机进行飞行高度控制时使用的高度基准面;
根据所述离地高度、所述地表高度和所述基准高度偏差,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第二高度基准面的目标高度,所述目标高度用于生成使所述无人机飞行至所述目标航点的高度控制指令。
第三方面,本发明实施例提供了一种无人机,所述无人机包括:
机身;
配置在机身上的动力系统,用于为所述无人机提供移动的动力;
如上述第三方面所述的控制设备。
第四方面,本发明实施例提供了一种计算机可读存储介质,该计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序,该计算机程序被处理器执行时实现如上述第一方面所述的方法。
本发明实施例中,控制设备可以获取目标航点的离地高度和目标航点在地表面投影的位置坐标,并在地表高程数据库中查找该位置坐标对应的地表高度,其中,所述地表高度用于表征位于该位置坐标的地表面相对于地表高程数据库的第一高度基准面的高度,以及获取第一高度基准面与对无人机进行飞行高度控制时使用的第二高度基准面之间的基准高度偏差,从而根据离地高度、地表高度和基准高度偏差,确定目标航点相对于第二高度基准面的目标高度,以根据目标高度生成使无人机飞行至目标航点的高度控制指令。通过这种实施方式,可以获取到无人机的更精准的飞行高度,有效降低了无人机的安全隐患。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明实施例提供的一种控制系统的结构示意图;
图2是本发明实施例提供的一种无人机的控制方法的流程示意图;
图3a是一种确定目标航点的示意图;
图3b是另一种确定目标航点的示意图;
图4a是本发明实施例提供的一种航点在地表面投影的示意图;
图4b是本发明实施例提供的一种确定地表高度的示意图;
图4c是本发明实施例提供的另一种确定地表高度的示意图;
图5a是一种高度基准面的三维示意图;
图5b是一种高度基准面的二维示意图;
图6是本发明实施例提供的一种确定目标高度的示意图;
图7是本发明实施例提供的另一种确定目标高度的示意图;
图8是本发明实施例提供的一种控制设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
下面结合附图,对本发明的一些实施方式作详细说明。在不冲突的情况下,下述的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
目前,无人机在执行作业任务(如测绘作业任务)过程中通过仿地飞行来调节无人机的飞行高度,主要使用毫米波雷达和视觉进行仿地飞行。然而,要使用毫米波雷达和视觉进行仿地飞行时,对地高度需要低于70米,如果高于70米,视觉/毫米波雷达仿地飞行的效果就会降低。无人机在执行作业任务过程中,飞行高度一般都在70米以上,因此,无人机在执行作业任务过程中, 一般采用基于已有的地表高程数据库进行仿地飞行。又由于无人机在飞行过程中是通过无人机的定位基站来无人机飞行的,如果使用地表高程数据库作为仿地飞行的基准,则可能会因为定位基站的高度基准面与地表高程数据库的高度基准面不相同而发生错误,甚至不能保证无人机的飞行安全。下面对地表高程数据库和定位基站进行说明。
在一个实施例中,地表高程数据库主要包括全球高程数据库(Shuttle Radar Topography Mission,SRTM)和对地观测卫星ALOS,无人机的定位基站主要采用载波相位差分技术(Real-time kinematic,RTK),RTK的高度基准面不一定与SRTM或ALOS保持一致。RTK的高程基准可以是大地高,也可能是海拔高,而由于世界各地重力场分布的不均匀性,以及世界各个国家和地区都要在自己区域内找到一个最优基准面,使得世界各个国家和地区的高度基准面各不相同。由于各地的海拔基准是由该地的重力分布所决定的,而各地的重力分布一般处于严格保密状态,所以一般无法获取某一大面积区域的海拔高度和/或大地水准。
针对上述问题,本发明提出了一种无人机的控制方法,通过获取目标航点的离地高度和目标航点在地表面投影的位置坐标,并在地表高程数据库中查找位于所述位置坐标的地表面相对于地表高程数据库的第一高度基准面的地表高度,以及获取第一高度基准面与对无人机进行飞行高度控制时使用的第二高度基准面之间的基准高度偏差,从而根据离地高度、地表高度和基准高度偏差,确定目标航点相对于第二高度基准面的目标高度。通过这种方式,实现了在无人机的定位基站的高度基准面与地表高程数据库的高度基准面不相同的情况下对飞行高度的补偿,使得计算得到的目标高度更加准确,提高了无人机的飞行安全。
本发明实施例中提供的无人机的控制方法可以由一种控制系统执行。其中,所述控制系统包括控制设备和无人机,在某些实施例中,所述控制设备可以安装在无人机上,在某些实施例中,所述控制设备可以在空间上独立于无人机,在某些实施例中,所述控制设备可以是无人机的部件,即所述无人机包括控制设备。在某些实施例中,所述控制设备可以是无人机的控制器,在一个示例中,所述控制设备可以是无人机的飞行控制器、遥控器等。在某些实施例中,本发明实施例中提供的无人机的控制方法还可以应用于其他飞行器、能够自主 移动的机器人、无人车、无人船等可移动设备,在此不做具体限定。
下面结合附图1对本发明实施例提供的控制系统进行示意性说明。
请参见图1,图1是本发明实施例提供的一种控制系统的结构示意图。所述控制系统包括:控制设备11和无人机12,所述无人机12包括动力系统121,所述动力系统121用于为无人机12提供移动的动力。在一些实施例中,控制设备11设置在无人机12中,可以通过有线通信连接方式与无人机中的其他设备(如动力系统121)建立通信连接。在其他实施例中,无人机12和控制设备11彼此独立,例如控制设备11设置在云端服务器中,通过无线通信连接方式与无人机12建立通信连接。
本发明实施例中,所述控制设备11可以获取目标航点的离地高度和目标航点在地表面投影的位置坐标,并在地表高程数据库中查找该位置坐标对应的地表高度,其中,所述地表高度用于表征位于该位置坐标的地表面相对于地表高程数据库的第一高度基准面的高度,以及获取第一高度基准面与对无人机12进行飞行高度控制时使用的第二高度基准面之间的基准高度偏差,从而根据离地高度、地表高度和基准高度偏差,确定目标航点相对于第二高度基准面的目标高度,以根据目标高度生成使无人机12飞行至目标航点的高度控制指令。通过这种实施方式,可以获取到更精准的飞行高度,有效降低了无人机的安全隐患。
下面结合附图2-附图7对本发明实施例提供的无人机的控制方法进行示意性说明。
具体请参见图2,图2是本发明实施例提供的一种无人机的控制方法的流程示意图,所述方法可以由控制设备执行,其中,控制设备的具体解释如前所述。具体地,本发明实施例的所述方法包括如下步骤。
S201:获取目标航点的离地高度和所述目标航点在地表面投影的位置坐标。
本发明实施例中,控制设备可以获取目标航点的离地高度和所述目标航点在地表面投影的位置坐标。在某些实施例中,所述目标航点在地表面投影的位置坐标包括所述目标航点的经度和/或纬度。
在一个实施例中,所述目标航点可以是预先规划的,在一个示例中,所述 目标航点可以根据预先规划的区域和区域中的角点坐标生成航线,并在生成的航线上确定得到。以图3a为例,图3a是一种确定目标航点的示意图,如图3a所示,可以根据区域31和区域31中的角点坐标如311等,生成航线32,并从航线32上确定目标航点321。
在一个实施例中,所述目标航点可以是一个或多个,所述多个包括2个或2个以上。以图3b为例,图3b是另一种确定目标航点的示意图,如图3b所示,可以根据区域31和区域31中的角点坐标如311等,生成航线32,并从航线32上确定航点321、航点322、航点323等多个目标航点。
在一个实施例中,控制设备在获取目标航点在地表面投影的位置坐标时,可以获取目标航点在地表面投影的投影点,并确定该投影点的位置坐标为目标航点的位置坐标。具体可以图4a为例,图4a是本发明实施例提供的一种航点在地表面投影的示意图,如图4a所示,目标航点41可以在地表面42上投影得到投影点43,并确定投影点43的位置坐标为目标航点41投影的位置坐标。
通过获取目标航点在地表面投影的位置坐标,有助于从地表高程数据库中查找到目标航点投影的位置坐标对应的地表高度。
S202:在地表高程数据库中查找所述位置坐标对应的地表高度,其中,所述地表高度用于表征位于所述位置坐标的地表面相对于所述地表高程数据库的第一高度基准面的高度。
本发明实施例中,控制设备可以在地表高程数据库中查找所述位置坐标对应的地表高度,其中,所述地表高度用于表征位于所述位置坐标的地表面相对于所述地表高程数据库的第一高度基准面的高度。
在某些实施例中,所述第一高度基准面可以为参考椭球面。在一个实施例中,地表面上某一点相对于所述第一高度基准面的高度为大地高,在一个示例中,大地高为地面上某点到沿通过该点的椭球面法线到参考椭球面的距离。
具体可以图4b为例,图4b是本发明实施例提供的一种确定地表高度的示意图,如图4b所示,可以根据投影点43的位置坐标在地表高程数据库中查找投影点43的位置坐标相对于地表高程数据库的第一高度基准面44的地表高度45。
S203:获取所述第一高度基准面与第二高度基准面之间的基准高度偏差,所述第二高度基准面为对所述无人机进行飞行高度控制时使用的高度基准面。
本发明实施例中,控制设备可以获取所述第一高度基准面与第二高度基准面之间的基准高度偏差,所述第二高度基准面为对所述无人机进行飞行高度控制时使用的高度基准面。通过获取第一高度基准面与第二高度基准面之间的基准高度偏差,可以有效弥补由于第一高度基准面和第二高度基准面不相同而导致的偏差。
在某些实施例中,所述第二高度基准面是根据用于定位所述无人机的定位基站所在位置的高程信息确定的。在某些实施例中,所述定位基站为RTK定位基站。
在某些实施例中,所述第二参考基准面为大地水准面,在一个示例中,所述第二高度基准面为如图4b中的大地水准面46。在一个实施例中,地表面上某一点相对于所述第二高度基准面的高度为正高(也即海拔高),在一个示例中,正高为地面上某点到沿通过该点的铅垂线与大地水准面的交点之间的距离。
在一个实施例中,在实际作业过程中,在小范围内(几十到一百平方公里以内)可以认为不同的高度基准面为近似平行的平面。具体如图4c所示,图4c是本发明实施例提供的另一种确定地表高度的示意图,其中,包括近似平行的第一高度基准面44和第二高度基准面46。
在某些实施例中,大地水准面是指与平均海水面重合并延伸到大陆内部的水准面。在测量工作中,均以大地水准面为依据。因地球表面起伏不平和地球内部质量分布不匀,故大地水准面是一个略有起伏的不规则曲面。大地水准面是重力等位面,即物体沿该面运动时,重力不做功(如水在这个面上是不会流动的)。在某些实施例中,大地水准面的确定是通过确定它与参考椭球面的间距–大地水准面差距来实现的。具体如图5a和图5b所示,第一高度基准面为参考椭球面,第二高度基准面为大地水准面,其中,图5a是一种高度基准面的三维示意图,图5b是一种高度基准面的二维示意图。
在一个实施例中,控制设备在获取所述第一高度基准面与第二高度基准面之间的基准高度偏差时,可以在预设区域确定多个采样航点,并控制无人机飞行至每一个所述采样航点,获取无人机在每一个所述采样航点下测量得到的无人机相对于所述第二高度基准面的采样高度,和在每一个所述采样航点下测量得到的所述无人机的对地高度,以及根据每一个所述采样航点在地表面投影的 位置坐标,在所述地表高程数据库中查找每一个所述采样航点对应的地表高度,从而根据多个所述采样航点的所述地表高度、所述对地高度和所述采样高度,确定所述基准高度偏差。在某些实施例中,每一个所述采样航点在地表面投影的位置坐标包括每一个所述采样航点的经度和/或纬度。
在某些实施例中,所述基准高度偏差是根据用于定位所述无人机的定位基站所在位置的高程信息确定的。在某些实施例中,所述定位基站可以为RTK基站。
在某些实施例中,所述预设区域是根据所述无人机的飞行任务区域确定的。在一个可选实施例中,所述无人机的飞行任务区域可以预先在控制设备中进行规划,在一个示例中,所述无人机的飞行任务区域可以预先在控制设备的APP中进行规划。
在一个实施例中,控制设备在根据多个所述采样航点的所述地表高度、所述对地高度和所述采样高度,确定所述基准高度偏差时,可以将多个所述采样航点的所述地表高度和所述对地高度之和,作为所述采样航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度,并针对每一个所述采样航点计算所述估计高度和所述采样高度的高度差值,以及根据多个所述采样航点的所述高度差值确定所述基准高度偏差。
具体可以图6为例,图6是本发明实施例提供的一种确定目标高度的示意图,如图6所示,在预设区域的航线上确定n个采样航点,记为{Cn},并控制无人机飞行至每一个所述采样航点Cn,获取无人机在每一个采样航点Cn下测量得到的无人机相对于第二高度基准面63的采样高度,和在每一个采样航点Cn下测量得到的无人机的对地高度,以及根据每一个采样航点Cn在地表面61投影的位置坐标,在地表高程数据库中查找每一个采样航点Cn对应的地表高度,将多个采样航点Cn的地表高度和对地高度之和,作为采样航点Cn相对于第一高度基准面62的估计高度,并针对每一个采样航点Cn计算估计高度和采样高度的高度差值。
在一个实施例中,在根据多个采样航点Cn的高度差值确定基准高度偏差时,可以计算每一个采样航点在第二高度基准面与第一高度基准面下的高度差值,并根据每一个采样航点的高度差值确定标准差,从而确定该标准差为基准高度偏差。
例如,假设每一个采样航点在第二高度基准面与第一高度基准面下的高度差值为Δhc,共有n个值,记为Δhc 0~Δhc n,计算Δhc 0~Δhc n的标准差,记为Δhc std,计算公式如下公式(1)所示:
Figure PCTCN2020091327-appb-000001
可见,通过确定多个采样航点在地表高程数据库中查找的地表高度、无人机的对地高度和无人机相对于第二高度基准面的采样高度,可以有效确定出基准高度差。
S204:根据所述离地高度、所述地表高度和所述基准高度偏差,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第二高度基准面的目标高度,所述目标高度用于生成使所述无人机飞行至所述目标航点的高度控制指令。
本发明实施例中,控制设备可以根据所述离地高度、所述地表高度和所述基准高度偏差,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第二高度基准面的目标高度,所述目标高度用于生成使所述无人机飞行至所述目标航点的高度控制指令。
在一个实施例中,控制设备在根据所述离地高度、所述地表高度和所述基准高度偏差,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第二高度基准面的目标高度时,可以获取所述无人机的起飞位置相对于所述第一高度基准面的第一高度值,并根据所述位置坐标对应的所述地表高度、所述第一高度值和所述离地高度,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度,以及获取所述无人机的起飞位置相对于所述第二高度基准面的第二高度值,从而根据所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度、所述基准高度偏差和所述第二高度值,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第二高度基准面的目标高度。
例如,假设计算得到目标航点i相对于第一高度基准面的估计高度为△H i,无人机的起飞位置相对于第二高度基准面的第二高度值为H OA,基准高度偏差为Δhc std,则目标航点i相对于第二高度基准面的目标高度为Hi=Δhc std+△H i+H OA
在一个实施例中,所述无人机的起飞位置相对于所述第一高度基准面的第一高度值可以根据无人机的起飞位置的位置坐标查表得到,在某些实施例中,该表中预先存储了无人机的起飞位置的位置坐标与相对于第一高度基准面的第一高度值的对应关系。
可见,通过无人机相对于第一高度基准面的第一高度值、地表高度和离地高度,可以有效确定出目标航点相对于第一高度基准面的估计高度,从而可以根据起飞位置相对于第二高度基准面的第二高度值、该估计高度和基准高度偏差,精准确定出目标航点相对于第二高度基准面的目标高度。
在一个实施例中,控制设备在根据所述位置坐标对应的所述地表高度、所述第一高度值和所述离地高度,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度时,可以将所述位置坐标对应的所述地表高度与所述第一高度值之差,作为所述无人机的起飞位置与所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的地表高度差,并根据所述地表高度差和所述离地高度,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度。
例如,假设目标航点在在地表面投影的位置坐标对应的地表高度为H iB,无人机的起飞位置相对于第一高度基准面的第一高度值为H OB,则控制设备可以将所述位置坐标对应的地表高度H iB与所述第一高度值H OB之差,作为所述无人机的起飞位置与所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的地表高度差△h iB,即△h iB=H iB-H OB,并根据所述地表高度差△h iB和离地高度h,确定目标航点i相对于第一高度基准面的估计高度△H i为△H i=△h iB+h。
可见,通过将地表高度与第一高度值之差作为无人机的起飞位置与目标航点相对于第一高度基准面的地表高度差,可以有效根据地表高度差和离地高度确定出目标航点相对于第一高度基准面的估计高度。
在一个实施例中,控制设备在根据所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度、所述基准高度偏差和所述第二高度值,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第二高度基准面的目标高度时,可以获取用户输入的预设高度偏差,所述预设高度偏差是所述无人机的起飞位置的离地高度,并根据所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度、所述基准高度偏差、所述第二高度值和所述预设高度偏差,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第二高度基准面的目标高度。在某些实施例中,所述第二高度基准面是根据所述定位基站所在位置的所述高程信息和用户输入的预设高度偏差确定的。
具体可以图7为例进行说明,图7是本发明实施例提供的另一种确定目标高度的示意图,如图7所示,假设用户输入的预设高度偏差为H 地物,则控制设备可以根据目标航点i相对于第一高度基准面71的估计高度△H i、基准高 度偏差Δhc std、无人机的起飞位置73相对于第二高度基准面72的第二高度值H' OA和所述预设高度偏差H 地物,确定目标航点i相对于第二高度基准面的目标高度为Hi=Δhc std+△H i+H' OA-H 地物
在一个实施例中,所述预设高度偏差可以是指无人机的起飞位置相对于地表面的离地高度,例如,假设无人机的起飞位置在某一建筑物的楼顶,则该预设高度偏差即为该建筑物相对于地表面的高度。
可见,通过将无人机的起飞位置不在地表面的情况下的起飞位置距离地表面的离地高度纳入对无人机的目标高度的计算中,可以进一步弥补无人机的起飞位置不在地表面所产生的高度偏差,有助于进一步提高目标高度的准确度。
本发明实施例中,控制设备可以获取目标航点的离地高度和目标航点在地表面投影的位置坐标,并在地表高程数据库中查找位于所述位置坐标的地表面相对于地表高程数据库的第一高度基准面的地表高度,以及获取第一高度基准面与对无人机进行飞行高度控制时使用的第二高度基准面之间的基准高度偏差,从而根据离地高度、地表高度和基准高度偏差,确定目标航点相对于第二高度基准面的目标高度。通过这种方式,实现了在无人机的定位基站的高度基准面与地表高程数据库的高度基准面不相同的情况下对飞行高度的补偿,使得计算得到的目标高度更加准确,提高了无人机的飞行安全。
请参见图8,图8是本发明实施例提供的一种控制设备的结构示意图。具体的,所述控制设备包括:存储器801、处理器802。
在一种实施例中,所述控制设备还包括数据接口803,所述数据接口803,用于传递控制设备和其他设备之间的数据信息。
所述存储器801可以包括易失性存储器(volatile memory);存储器801也可以包括非易失性存储器(non-volatile memory);存储器801还可以包括上述种类的存储器的组合。所述处理器802可以是中央处理器(central processing unit,CPU)。所述处理器802还可以进一步包括硬件芯片。上述硬件芯片可以是专用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit,ASIC),可编程逻辑器件(programmable logic device,PLD)或其组合。上述PLD可以是复杂可编程逻辑器件(complex programmable logic device,CPLD),现场可编程逻辑门阵列(field-programmable gate array,FPGA)或其任意组合。
所述存储器801用于存储程序,所述处理器802可以调用存储器801中存 储的程序,用于执行如下步骤:
获取目标航点的离地高度和所述目标航点在地表面投影的位置坐标;
在地表高程数据库中查找所述位置坐标对应的地表高度,其中,所述地表高度用于表征位于所述位置坐标的地表面相对于所述地表高程数据库的第一高度基准面的高度;
获取所述第一高度基准面与第二高度基准面之间的基准高度偏差,所述第二高度基准面为对所述无人机进行飞行高度控制时使用的高度基准面;
根据所述离地高度、所述地表高度和所述基准高度偏差,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第二高度基准面的目标高度,所述目标高度用于生成使所述无人机飞行至所述目标航点的高度控制指令。
进一步地,所述处理器802获取所述第一高度基准面与第二高度基准面之间的基准高度偏差时,具体用于:
在预设区域确定多个采样航点;
控制无人机飞行至每一个所述采样航点;
获取无人机在每一个所述采样航点下测量得到的无人机相对于所述第二高度基准面的采样高度,和在每一个所述采样航点下测量得到的所述无人机的对地高度;
根据每一个所述采样航点在地表面投影的位置坐标,在所述地表高程数据库中查找每一个所述采样航点对应的地表高度;
根据多个所述采样航点的所述地表高度、所述对地高度和所述采样高度,确定所述基准高度偏差。
进一步地,所述处理器802在根据多个所述采样航点的所述地表高度、所述对地高度和所述采样高度,确定所述基准高度偏差时,具体用于:
将多个所述采样航点的所述地表高度和所述对地高度之和,作为所述采样航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度;
针对每一个所述采样航点计算所述估计高度和所述采样高度的高度差值;
根据多个所述采样航点的所述高度差值确定所述基准高度偏差。
进一步地,所述处理器802在根据所述离地高度、所述地表高度和所述基准高度偏差,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第二高度基准面的目标高度时,具体用于:
获取所述无人机的起飞位置相对于所述第一高度基准面的第一高度值;
根据所述位置坐标对应的所述地表高度、所述第一高度值和所述离地高度,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度;
获取所述无人机的起飞位置相对于所述第二高度基准面的第二高度值;
根据所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度、所述基准高度偏差和所述第二高度值,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第二高度基准面的目标高度。
进一步地,所述处理器802在根据所述位置坐标对应的所述地表高度、所述第一高度值和所述离地高度,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度时,具体用于:
将所述位置坐标对应的所述地表高度与所述第一高度值之差,作为所述无人机的起飞位置与所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的地表高度差;
根据所述地表高度差和所述离地高度,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度。
进一步地,所述处理器802在根据所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度、所述基准高度偏差和所述第二高度值,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第二高度基准面的目标高度时,具体用于:
获取用户输入的预设高度偏差,所述预设高度偏差是所述无人机的起飞位置的离地高度;
根据所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度、所述基准高度偏差、所述第二高度值和所述预设高度偏差,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第二高度基准面的目标高度。
进一步地,所述第二高度基准面是根据用于定位所述无人机的定位基站所在位置的高程信息确定的。
进一步地,所述定位基站为RTK定位基站。
进一步地,所述第二高度基准面是根据所述定位基站所在位置的所述高程信息和用户输入的预设高度偏差确定的。
进一步地,所述基准高度偏差是根据用于定位所述无人机的定位基站所在位置的高程信息确定的。
进一步地,所述预设区域是根据所述无人机的飞行任务区域确定的。
进一步地,所述位置坐标包括每一个所述采样航点的经度和/或纬度。
进一步地,所述第一高度基准面为参考椭球面。
进一步地,所述第二高度基准面为大地水准面。
本发明实施例中,控制设备可以获取目标航点的离地高度和目标航点在地表面投影的位置坐标,并在地表高程数据库中查找位于所述位置坐标的地表面相对于地表高程数据库的第一高度基准面的地表高度,以及获取第一高度基准面与对无人机进行飞行高度控制时使用的第二高度基准面之间的基准高度偏差,从而根据离地高度、地表高度和基准高度偏差,确定目标航点相对于第二高度基准面的目标高度。通过这种方式,实现了在无人机的定位基站的高度基准面与地表高程数据库的高度基准面不相同的情况下对飞行高度的补偿,使得计算得到的目标高度更加准确,提高了无人机的飞行安全。
本发明实施例还提供了一种无人机,包括:机身;配置在机身上的动力系统,用于为无人机提供移动动力;所述动力系统包括:动力部件;一个或者多个电机,用于驱动动力部件转动以提供无人机移动的动力;处理器,用于获取目标航点的离地高度和所述目标航点在地表面投影的位置坐标;在地表高程数据库中查找所述位置坐标对应的地表高度,其中,所述地表高度用于表征位于所述位置坐标的地表面相对于所述地表高程数据库的第一高度基准面的高度;获取所述第一高度基准面与第二高度基准面之间的基准高度偏差,所述第二高度基准面为对所述无人机进行飞行高度控制时使用的高度基准面;根据所述离地高度、所述地表高度和所述基准高度偏差,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第二高度基准面的目标高度,所述目标高度用于生成使所述无人机飞行至所述目标航点的高度控制指令。
进一步地,所述处理器获取所述第一高度基准面与第二高度基准面之间的基准高度偏差时,具体用于:
在预设区域确定多个采样航点;
控制无人机飞行至每一个所述采样航点;
获取无人机在每一个所述采样航点下测量得到的无人机相对于所述第二高度基准面的采样高度,和在每一个所述采样航点下测量得到的所述无人机的对地高度;
根据每一个所述采样航点在地表面投影的位置坐标,在所述地表高程数据 库中查找每一个所述采样航点对应的地表高度;
根据多个所述采样航点的所述地表高度、所述对地高度和所述采样高度,确定所述基准高度偏差。
进一步地,所述处理器在根据多个所述采样航点的所述地表高度、所述对地高度和所述采样高度,确定所述基准高度偏差时,具体用于:
将多个所述采样航点的所述地表高度和所述对地高度之和,作为所述采样航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度;
针对每一个所述采样航点计算所述估计高度和所述采样高度的高度差值;
根据多个所述采样航点的所述高度差值确定所述基准高度偏差。
进一步地,所述处理器在根据所述离地高度、所述地表高度和所述基准高度偏差,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第二高度基准面的目标高度时,具体用于:
获取所述无人机的起飞位置相对于所述第一高度基准面的第一高度值;
根据所述位置坐标对应的所述地表高度、所述第一高度值和所述离地高度,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度;
获取所述无人机的起飞位置相对于所述第二高度基准面的第二高度值;
根据所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度、所述基准高度偏差和所述第二高度值,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第二高度基准面的目标高度。
进一步地,所述处理器在根据所述位置坐标对应的所述地表高度、所述第一高度值和所述离地高度,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度时,具体用于:
将所述位置坐标对应的所述地表高度与所述第一高度值之差,作为所述无人机的起飞位置与所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的地表高度差;
根据所述地表高度差和所述离地高度,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度。
进一步地,所述处理器在根据所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度、所述基准高度偏差和所述第二高度值,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第二高度基准面的目标高度时,具体用于:
获取用户输入的预设高度偏差,所述预设高度偏差是所述无人机的起飞位 置的离地高度;
根据所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度、所述基准高度偏差、所述第二高度值和所述预设高度偏差,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第二高度基准面的目标高度。
进一步地,所述第二高度基准面是根据用于定位所述无人机的定位基站所在位置的高程信息确定的。
进一步地,所述定位基站为RTK定位基站。
进一步地,所述第二高度基准面是根据所述定位基站所在位置的所述高程信息和用户输入的预设高度偏差确定的。
进一步地,所述基准高度偏差是根据用于定位所述无人机的定位基站所在位置的高程信息确定的。
进一步地,所述预设区域是根据所述无人机的飞行任务区域确定的。
进一步地,所述位置坐标包括每一个所述采样航点的经度和/或纬度。
进一步地,所述第一高度基准面为参考椭球面。
进一步地,所述第二高度基准面为大地水准面。
本发明实施例中,无人机可以获取目标航点的离地高度和目标航点在地表面投影的位置坐标,并在地表高程数据库中查找位于所述位置坐标的地表面相对于地表高程数据库的第一高度基准面的地表高度,以及获取第一高度基准面与对无人机进行飞行高度控制时使用的第二高度基准面之间的基准高度偏差,从而根据离地高度、地表高度和基准高度偏差,确定目标航点相对于第二高度基准面的目标高度。通过这种方式,实现了在无人机的定位基站的高度基准面与地表高程数据库的高度基准面不相同的情况下对飞行高度的补偿,使得计算得到的目标高度更加准确,提高了无人机的飞行安全。
本发明的实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质,所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序,所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现本发明图2所对应实施例中描述的方法,也可实现图8所述本发明所对应实施例的设备,在此不再赘述。
所述计算机可读存储介质可以是前述任一实施例所述的设备的内部存储单元,例如设备的硬盘或内存。所述计算机可读存储介质也可以是所述设备的外部存储设备,例如所述设备上配备的插接式硬盘,智能存储卡(Smart Media  Card,SMC),安全数字(Secure Digital,SD)卡,闪存卡(Flash Card)等。进一步地,所述计算机可读存储介质还可以既包括所述设备的内部存储单元也包括外部存储设备。所述计算机可读存储介质用于存储所述计算机程序以及所述终端所需的其他程序和数据。所述计算机可读存储介质还可以用于暂时地存储已经输出或者将要输出的数据。
以上所揭露的仅为本发明部分实施例而已,当然不能以此来限定本发明之权利范围,因此依本发明权利要求所作的等同变化,仍属本发明所涵盖的范围。

Claims (43)

  1. 一种无人机的控制方法,其特征在于,包括:
    获取目标航点的离地高度和所述目标航点在地表面投影的位置坐标;
    在地表高程数据库中查找所述位置坐标对应的地表高度,其中,所述地表高度用于表征位于所述位置坐标的地表面相对于所述地表高程数据库的第一高度基准面的高度;
    获取所述第一高度基准面与第二高度基准面之间的基准高度偏差,所述第二高度基准面为对所述无人机进行飞行高度控制时使用的高度基准面;
    根据所述离地高度、所述地表高度和所述基准高度偏差,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第二高度基准面的目标高度,所述目标高度用于生成使所述无人机飞行至所述目标航点的高度控制指令。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述获取所述第一高度基准面与第二高度基准面之间的基准高度偏差,包括:
    在预设区域确定多个采样航点;
    控制无人机飞行至每一个所述采样航点;
    获取无人机在每一个所述采样航点下测量得到的无人机相对于所述第二高度基准面的采样高度,和在每一个所述采样航点下测量得到的所述无人机的对地高度;
    根据每一个所述采样航点在地表面投影的位置坐标,在所述地表高程数据库中查找每一个所述采样航点对应的地表高度;
    根据多个所述采样航点的所述地表高度、所述对地高度和所述采样高度,确定所述基准高度偏差。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述根据多个所述采样航点的所述地表高度、所述对地高度和所述采样高度,确定所述基准高度偏差,包括:
    将多个所述采样航点的所述地表高度和所述对地高度之和,作为所述采样航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度;
    针对每一个所述采样航点计算所述估计高度和所述采样高度的高度差值;
    根据多个所述采样航点的所述高度差值确定所述基准高度偏差。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述离地高度、所述地表高度和所述基准高度偏差,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第二高度基准面的目标高度,包括:
    获取所述无人机的起飞位置相对于所述第一高度基准面的第一高度值;
    根据所述位置坐标对应的所述地表高度、所述第一高度值和所述离地高度,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度;
    获取所述无人机的起飞位置相对于所述第二高度基准面的第二高度值;
    根据所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度、所述基准高度偏差和所述第二高度值,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第二高度基准面的目标高度。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述位置坐标对应的所述地表高度、所述第一高度值和所述离地高度,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度,包括:
    将所述位置坐标对应的所述地表高度与所述第一高度值之差,作为所述无人机的起飞位置与所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的地表高度差;
    根据所述地表高度差和所述离地高度,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度、所述基准高度偏差和所述第二高度值,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第二高度基准面的目标高度,包括:
    获取用户输入的预设高度偏差,所述预设高度偏差是所述无人机的起飞位置的离地高度;
    根据所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度、所述基准高度偏差、所述第二高度值和所述预设高度偏差,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第二高度基准面的目标高度。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第二高度基准面是根据用于定位所述无人机的定位基站所在位置的高程信息确定的。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,所述定位基站为RTK定位基站。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第二高度基准面是根据所述定位基站所在位置的所述高程信息和用户输入的预设高度偏差确定的。
  10. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述基准高度偏差是根据用于定位所述无人机的定位基站所在位置的高程信息确定的。
  11. 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述预设区域是根据所述无人机的飞行任务区域确定的。
  12. 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述位置坐标包括每一个所述采样航点的经度和/或纬度。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第一高度基准面为参考椭球面。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第二高度基准面为大地水准面。
  15. 一种控制设备,其特征在于,包括存储器和处理器;
    所述存储器,用于存储程序;
    所述处理器,用于调用所述程序,当所述程序被执行时,用于执行以下操作:
    获取目标航点的离地高度和所述目标航点在地表面投影的位置坐标;
    在地表高程数据库中查找所述位置坐标对应的地表高度,其中,所述地表高度用于表征位于所述位置坐标的地表面相对于所述地表高程数据库的第一高度基准面的高度;
    获取所述第一高度基准面与第二高度基准面之间的基准高度偏差,所述第二高度基准面为对所述无人机进行飞行高度控制时使用的高度基准面;
    根据所述离地高度、所述地表高度和所述基准高度偏差,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第二高度基准面的目标高度,所述目标高度用于生成使所述无人机飞行至所述目标航点的高度控制指令。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的设备,其特征在于,所述处理器获取所述第一高度基准面与第二高度基准面之间的基准高度偏差时,具体用于:
    在预设区域确定多个采样航点;
    控制无人机飞行至每一个所述采样航点;
    获取无人机在每一个所述采样航点下测量得到的无人机相对于所述第二高度基准面的采样高度,和在每一个所述采样航点下测量得到的所述无人机的对地高度;
    根据每一个所述采样航点在地表面投影的位置坐标,在所述地表高程数据库中查找每一个所述采样航点对应的地表高度;
    根据多个所述采样航点的所述地表高度、所述对地高度和所述采样高度,确定所述基准高度偏差。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的设备,其特征在于,所述处理器根据多个所述采样航点的所述地表高度、所述对地高度和所述采样高度,确定所述基准高度偏差时,具体用于:
    将多个所述采样航点的所述地表高度和所述对地高度之和,作为所述采样航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度;
    针对每一个所述采样航点计算所述估计高度和所述采样高度的高度差值;
    根据多个所述采样航点的所述高度差值确定所述基准高度偏差。
  18. 根据权利要求15-17任一项所述的设备,其特征在于,所述处理器根 据所述离地高度、所述地表高度和所述基准高度偏差,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第二高度基准面的目标高度时,具体用于:
    获取所述无人机的起飞位置相对于所述第一高度基准面的第一高度值;
    根据所述位置坐标对应的所述地表高度、所述第一高度值和所述离地高度,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度;
    获取所述无人机的起飞位置相对于所述第二高度基准面的第二高度值;
    根据所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度、所述基准高度偏差和所述第二高度值,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第二高度基准面的目标高度。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的设备,其特征在于,所述处理器根据所述位置坐标对应的所述地表高度、所述第一高度值和所述离地高度,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度时,具体用于:
    将所述位置坐标对应的所述地表高度与所述第一高度值之差,作为所述无人机的起飞位置与所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的地表高度差;
    根据所述地表高度差和所述离地高度,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度。
  20. 根据权利要求18所述的设备,其特征在于,所述处理器根据所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度、所述基准高度偏差和所述第二高度值,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第二高度基准面的目标高度时,具体用于:
    获取用户输入的预设高度偏差,所述预设高度偏差是所述无人机的起飞位置的离地高度;
    根据所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度、所述基准高度偏差、所述第二高度值和所述预设高度偏差,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第二高度基准面的目标高度。
  21. 根据权利要求15-20任一项所述的设备,其特征在于,所述第二高度基准面是根据用于定位所述无人机的定位基站所在位置的高程信息确定的。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的设备,其特征在于,所述定位基站为RTK定位基站。
  23. 根据权利要求21所述的设备,其特征在于,所述第二高度基准面是根据所述定位基站所在位置的所述高程信息和用户输入的预设高度偏差确定的。
  24. 根据权利要求15-20任一项所述的设备,其特征在于,所述基准高度偏差是根据用于定位所述无人机的定位基站所在位置的高程信息确定的。
  25. 根据权利要求16所述的设备,其特征在于,所述预设区域是根据所述无人机的飞行任务区域确定的。
  26. 根据权利要求16所述的设备,其特征在于,所述位置坐标包括每一个所述采样航点的经度和/或纬度。
  27. 根据权利要求15所述的设备,其特征在于,所述第一高度基准面为参考椭球面。
  28. 根据权利要求15所述的设备,其特征在于,所述第二高度基准面为大地水准面。
  29. 一种无人机,其特征在于,所述无人机包括:
    机身;
    配置在机身上的动力系统,用于为所述无人机提供移动的动力;
    处理器,用于获取目标航点的离地高度和所述目标航点在地表面投影的位置坐标;在地表高程数据库中查找所述位置坐标对应的地表高度,其中,所述地表高度用于表征位于所述位置坐标的地表面相对于所述地表高程数据库的第一高度基准面的高度;获取所述第一高度基准面与第二高度基准面之间的基 准高度偏差,所述第二高度基准面为对所述无人机进行飞行高度控制时使用的高度基准面;根据所述离地高度、所述地表高度和所述基准高度偏差,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第二高度基准面的目标高度,所述目标高度用于生成使所述无人机飞行至所述目标航点的高度控制指令。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的无人机,其特征在于,所述处理器获取所述第一高度基准面与第二高度基准面之间的基准高度偏差时,具体用于:
    在预设区域确定多个采样航点;
    控制无人机飞行至每一个所述采样航点;
    获取无人机在每一个所述采样航点下测量得到的无人机相对于所述第二高度基准面的采样高度,和在每一个所述采样航点下测量得到的所述无人机的对地高度;
    根据每一个所述采样航点在地表面投影的位置坐标,在所述地表高程数据库中查找每一个所述采样航点对应的地表高度;
    根据多个所述采样航点的所述地表高度、所述对地高度和所述采样高度,确定所述基准高度偏差。
  31. 根据权利要求30所述的无人机,其特征在于,所述处理器根据多个所述采样航点的所述地表高度、所述对地高度和所述采样高度,确定所述基准高度偏差时,具体用于:
    将多个所述采样航点的所述地表高度和所述对地高度之和,作为所述采样航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度;
    针对每一个所述采样航点计算所述估计高度和所述采样高度的高度差值;
    根据多个所述采样航点的所述高度差值确定所述基准高度偏差。
  32. 根据权利要求29-31任一项所述的无人机,其特征在于,所述处理器根据所述离地高度、所述地表高度和所述基准高度偏差,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第二高度基准面的目标高度时,具体用于:
    获取所述无人机的起飞位置相对于所述第一高度基准面的第一高度值;
    根据所述位置坐标对应的所述地表高度、所述第一高度值和所述离地高 度,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度;
    获取所述无人机的起飞位置相对于所述第二高度基准面的第二高度值;
    根据所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度、所述基准高度偏差和所述第二高度值,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第二高度基准面的目标高度。
  33. 根据权利要求32所述的无人机,其特征在于,所述处理器根据所述位置坐标对应的所述地表高度、所述第一高度值和所述离地高度,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度时,具体用于:
    将所述位置坐标对应的所述地表高度与所述第一高度值之差,作为所述无人机的起飞位置与所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的地表高度差;
    根据所述地表高度差和所述离地高度,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度。
  34. 根据权利要求32所述的无人机,其特征在于,所述处理器根据所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度、所述基准高度偏差和所述第二高度值,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第二高度基准面的目标高度时,具体用于:
    获取用户输入的预设高度偏差,所述预设高度偏差是所述无人机的起飞位置的离地高度;
    根据所述目标航点相对于所述第一高度基准面的估计高度、所述基准高度偏差、所述第二高度值和所述预设高度偏差,确定所述目标航点相对于所述第二高度基准面的目标高度。
  35. 根据权利要求29-34任一项所述的无人机,其特征在于,所述第二高度基准面是根据用于定位所述无人机的定位基站所在位置的高程信息确定的。
  36. 根据权利要求35所述的无人机,其特征在于,所述定位基站为RTK定位基站。
  37. 根据权利要求35所述的无人机,其特征在于,所述第二高度基准面是根据所述定位基站所在位置的所述高程信息和用户输入的预设高度偏差确定的。
  38. 根据权利要求29-34任一项所述的无人机,其特征在于,所述基准高度偏差是根据用于定位所述无人机的定位基站所在位置的高程信息确定的。
  39. 根据权利要求30所述的无人机,其特征在于,所述预设区域是根据所述无人机的飞行任务区域确定的。
  40. 根据权利要求30所述的无人机,其特征在于,所述位置坐标包括每一个所述采样航点的经度和/或纬度。
  41. 根据权利要求29所述的无人机,其特征在于,所述第一高度基准面为参考椭球面。
  42. 根据权利要求29所述的无人机,其特征在于,所述第二高度基准面为大地水准面。
  43. 一种计算机可读存储介质,所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序,其特征在于,所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现如权利要求1至14任一项所述方法。
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005078545A1 (fr) * 2004-02-17 2005-08-25 Tikhonov Vladimir Alexandrovic Procede de commande de la position d'un helicoptere en vol stationnaire
CN106774409A (zh) * 2016-12-31 2017-05-31 内蒙古博鹰通航科技有限公司 一种无人机的半自主仿地飞行系统及其控制方法
CN108681335A (zh) * 2018-05-10 2018-10-19 杭州瓦屋科技有限公司 植保无人机在坡地的仿地飞行方法及装置
CN109074098A (zh) * 2017-12-18 2018-12-21 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 无人机的控制方法、控制装置、无人机及农业无人机
CN110709791A (zh) * 2018-08-01 2020-01-17 广州极飞科技有限公司 用于无人机的飞行高度调整、飞行控制的方法和装置

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005078545A1 (fr) * 2004-02-17 2005-08-25 Tikhonov Vladimir Alexandrovic Procede de commande de la position d'un helicoptere en vol stationnaire
CN106774409A (zh) * 2016-12-31 2017-05-31 内蒙古博鹰通航科技有限公司 一种无人机的半自主仿地飞行系统及其控制方法
CN109074098A (zh) * 2017-12-18 2018-12-21 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 无人机的控制方法、控制装置、无人机及农业无人机
CN108681335A (zh) * 2018-05-10 2018-10-19 杭州瓦屋科技有限公司 植保无人机在坡地的仿地飞行方法及装置
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