WO2021218736A1 - 卫星通信的方法和装置 - Google Patents

卫星通信的方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021218736A1
WO2021218736A1 PCT/CN2021/088670 CN2021088670W WO2021218736A1 WO 2021218736 A1 WO2021218736 A1 WO 2021218736A1 CN 2021088670 W CN2021088670 W CN 2021088670W WO 2021218736 A1 WO2021218736 A1 WO 2021218736A1
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Prior art keywords
satellite
information
detection signal
communication
sent
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PCT/CN2021/088670
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
乔云飞
汪宇
杜颖钢
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to EP21795372.8A priority Critical patent/EP4123921A4/en
Publication of WO2021218736A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021218736A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
    • H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
    • H04B7/18513—Transmission in a satellite or space-based system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
    • H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
    • H04B7/18519—Operations control, administration or maintenance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
    • H04B7/1853—Satellite systems for providing telephony service to a mobile station, i.e. mobile satellite service
    • H04B7/18539—Arrangements for managing radio, resources, i.e. for establishing or releasing a connection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
    • H04B7/1853—Satellite systems for providing telephony service to a mobile station, i.e. mobile satellite service
    • H04B7/18539—Arrangements for managing radio, resources, i.e. for establishing or releasing a connection
    • H04B7/18541—Arrangements for managing radio, resources, i.e. for establishing or releasing a connection for handover of resources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0083—Determination of parameters used for hand-off, e.g. generation or modification of neighbour cell lists
    • H04W36/0085—Hand-off measurements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/08—Reselecting an access point
    • H04W36/083—Reselecting an access point wherein at least one of the access points is a moving node
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
    • H04W36/30—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data
    • H04W36/302—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data due to low signal strength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0055—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link
    • H04W36/0072—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link of resource information of target access point
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/04—Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/06—Airborne or Satellite Networks

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of communication, and more specifically, to a method and device for satellite communication.
  • Satellite communication has the characteristics of long communication distance, large coverage area, and flexible networking. It can provide services for both fixed terminals and various mobile terminals.
  • the present application provides a satellite communication method and device, which can reduce the time delay of establishing a connection.
  • a satellite communication method including: a first satellite receives at least one piece of measurement information sent by a user equipment UE, the at least one piece of measurement information corresponds to at least one satellite one-to-one, and each piece of measurement information is used to indicate the corresponding The signal quality of the detection signal sent by the satellite; the first satellite determines at least one second satellite from the at least one satellite according to the at least one measurement information, wherein the signal of the detection signal sent by the second satellite The quality satisfies a first preset condition; the first satellite sends first information to the UE, the first information is used for communication between the UE and the second satellite, and the first information includes all The identifier of the second satellite; and/or, the first satellite sends second information to the second satellite, and the second information is used for communication between the second satellite and the UE, and The second information includes the identity of the UE.
  • the first satellite that has established a connection with the UE can determine at least one second satellite whose signal quality meets the first preset condition according to the measurement information detected by the UE, and make the at least one second satellite ready in advance In preparation for establishing communication with the UE, when the UE initiates a random access request with the second satellite, the connection can be quickly established and the time delay can be reduced.
  • the first information or the second information is specifically used for synchronization or authentication between the second satellite and the UE.
  • the first preset condition includes: the received power is greater than or equal to the first threshold; and/or the signal-to-noise ratio is greater than or equal to the second threshold.
  • the first satellite determining at least one second satellite from the at least one satellite according to the at least one piece of measurement information includes: the first satellite according to the at least one piece of measurement information And at least one of the following information to determine at least one second satellite from the at least one satellite: load information of each satellite in the at least one satellite, ephemeris of each satellite in the at least one satellite, and The overhead time information of each satellite in the at least one satellite relative to the UE, and the position information of each satellite in the at least one satellite relative to the UE.
  • the first satellite determines the second satellite based on the signal quality and load information indicated in the measurement information, which can balance the network load; in addition, considering the satellite's position information, overhead time or ephemeris, it can be determined to compare the communication time with the UE.
  • the long satellite is the second satellite.
  • the method further includes: the first satellite sends third information to the second satellite, and the third information is used to indicate when the first satellite communicates with the UE The first time-frequency resource used.
  • the method further includes: the first satellite receiving fourth information sent by the second satellite, the fourth information being used to indicate free time-frequency resources of the second satellite ;
  • the first satellite determines the first time-frequency resource from the idle time-frequency resource.
  • the at least one second satellite is determined in a first time period, and the second satellite belongs to a coordinated satellite set of the UE, and the first information and/or the first information
  • the second information is used for the communication between the UE and each satellite in the coordinated satellite set
  • the method further includes: in the second period, if the detection signal sent by a third satellite outside the coordinated satellite set If the signal quality meets the first preset condition, the first satellite adds the third satellite to the coordinated satellite set; in the third period, if the fourth satellite in the coordinated satellite set transmits If the signal quality of the detection signal does not satisfy the first preset condition, the first satellite excludes the fourth satellite from the cooperative satellite set.
  • a satellite communication method including: user equipment UE receiving multiple detection signals, the multiple detection signals correspond to multiple satellites one-to-one, and each detection signal is sent by a corresponding satellite; The UE sends at least one piece of measurement information to the first satellite, where the at least one piece of measurement information corresponds to at least one first detection signal, and each piece of measurement information is used to indicate the signal quality of the corresponding first detection signal; the UE Receiving first information sent by the first satellite, the first information including the identifier of the second satellite, the first information being used for communication between the UE and the second satellite, the second satellite The signal quality of the sent first detection signal meets the first preset condition.
  • the first information is specifically used for synchronization or authentication between the second satellite and the UE.
  • the number of the first detection signals is the same as the number of the multiple detection signals.
  • the first detection signal is a detection signal whose signal quality meets a second preset condition among the multiple detection signals.
  • the second preset condition includes: the received power is greater than or equal to the third threshold; and/or the signal-to-noise ratio is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold.
  • a satellite communication method including: a second satellite sends a detection signal to user equipment UE; the second satellite receives second information sent by the first satellite, and the second information is used for the second satellite.
  • the second information includes the identifier of the UE, and the second information is that the first satellite determines that the signal quality of the detection signal sent by the second satellite satisfies the first Sent after a preset condition.
  • the method further includes: the second satellite receives third information sent by the first satellite, and the third information is used to indicate that the first satellite communicates with the UE The first time-frequency resource used at the time; the second satellite uses the first time-frequency resource to communicate with the UE.
  • the method further includes: the second satellite sends fourth information to the first satellite, where the fourth information is used to indicate idle time-frequency resources of the second satellite, So that the first satellite determines the first time-frequency resource from the idle time-frequency resource.
  • a communication device including: a communication interface for receiving at least one piece of measurement information sent by a user equipment UE, where the at least one piece of measurement information corresponds to at least one satellite one-to-one, and each piece of measurement information is used to indicate The signal quality of the detection signal sent by the corresponding satellite; a logic circuit for determining at least one second satellite from the at least one satellite according to the at least one measurement information, wherein the value of the detection signal sent by the second satellite The signal quality satisfies the first preset condition; the communication interface is also used to send first information to the UE, and the first information is used for communication between the UE and the second satellite, and the first One piece of information includes the identifier of the second satellite; and/or, the communication interface is further used to send second information to the second satellite, and the second information is used by the second satellite and the UE In the communication between the two, the second information includes the identity of the UE.
  • the first information or the second information is specifically used for synchronization or authentication between the second satellite and the UE.
  • the first preset condition includes: the received power is greater than or equal to the first threshold; and/or the signal-to-noise ratio is greater than or equal to the second threshold.
  • the logic circuit is specifically configured to determine at least one second satellite from the at least one satellite according to the at least one measurement information and at least one of the following information: the at least one satellite The load information of each satellite in the at least one satellite, the ephemeris of each satellite in the at least one satellite, the overhead time information of each satellite in the at least one satellite relative to the UE, the The position information of each satellite relative to the UE.
  • the communication interface is further used to send third information to the second satellite, and the third information is used to indicate the first information used when the communication interface communicates with the UE. Time-frequency resources.
  • the communication interface is further configured to receive fourth information sent by the second satellite, where the fourth information is used to indicate idle time-frequency resources of the second satellite;
  • the logic circuit is further configured to determine the first time-frequency resource from the idle time-frequency resource.
  • the at least one second satellite is determined in a first time period, and the second satellite belongs to a coordinated satellite set of the UE, and the first information and/or the first information
  • the second information is used for the communication between the UE and each satellite in the coordinated satellite set, and in the second period, if the signal quality of the detection signal sent by the third satellite outside the coordinated satellite set satisfies the The first preset condition, the logic circuit is also used to add the third satellite to the coordinated satellite set; in the second time period, if the detection signal sent by the fourth satellite in the coordinated satellite set is If the signal quality does not satisfy the first preset condition, the logic circuit is further configured to exclude the fourth satellite from the cooperative satellite set.
  • a communication device including: a communication interface for receiving a plurality of detection signals, the plurality of detection signals are in one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of satellites, and each detection signal is sent by a corresponding satellite;
  • the communication interface is further configured to send at least one piece of measurement information to the first satellite, where the at least one piece of measurement information corresponds to at least one first detection signal one-to-one, and each measurement information is used to indicate the value of the corresponding first detection signal.
  • the communication interface is also used to receive first information sent by the first satellite, the first information includes the identifier of the second satellite, and the first information is used for the UE and the second In the communication between satellites, the signal quality of the first detection signal sent by the second satellite satisfies the first preset condition.
  • the first information is specifically used for synchronization or authentication between the second satellite and the UE.
  • the number of the first detection signals is the same as the number of the multiple detection signals.
  • the first detection signal is a detection signal whose signal quality meets a second preset condition among the multiple detection signals.
  • the second preset condition includes: the received power is greater than or equal to the third threshold; and/or the signal-to-noise ratio is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold.
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program; when the computer program runs on a computer, the computer executes the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect In the method.
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program; when the computer program runs on a computer, the computer executes the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect In the method.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a UE performing handover in different cells of the same satellite according to an embodiment of the application.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a UE switching between cells of different satellites according to an embodiment of the application.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a typical application scenario of a satellite network according to an embodiment of the application.
  • Fig. 4 is a flow interaction diagram of a satellite communication method according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the timing relationship between the detection signal and the synchronization signal according to an embodiment of the application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of another communication device according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of the application.
  • the embodiments of this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), Narrow Band-Internet of Things (NB-IoT), Global Mobile Communication System, and Enhanced Data Rate GSM Evolution System (Enhanced Data rate for GSM Evolution, EDGE), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA2000), Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple access systems (Time Division-Synchronization Code Division Multiple Access, TD-SCDMA), Long Term Evolution (LTE), satellite communications, 5th generation (5G) systems, or new communication systems that will appear in the future Wait.
  • WLAN Wireless Local Area Network
  • NB-IoT Narrow Band-Internet of Things
  • EDGE Enhanced Data Rate GSM Evolution System
  • WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
  • CDMA2000 Code Division Multiple Access
  • Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple access systems Time Division-Synchronization Code Division Multiple Access
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • 5G 5th generation
  • the terminal devices involved in the embodiments of the present application may include various handheld devices with wireless communication functions, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices, computing devices, or other processing devices connected to wireless modems.
  • the terminal can be a mobile station (Mobile Station, MS), subscriber unit (subscriber unit), user equipment (UE), cellular phone (cellular phone), smart phone (smart phone), wireless data card, personal digital assistant ( Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) computers, tablet computers, wireless modems (modem), handheld devices (handsets), laptop computers (laptop computers), machine type communication (Machine Type Communication, MTC) terminals, etc.
  • Satellite communication has the characteristics of long communication distance, large coverage area, and flexible networking. It can provide services for both fixed terminals and various mobile terminals.
  • the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3rd Generation Partnership Project, 3GPP) standards organization has released 5G technical standards to study world-earth integration communication technologies, mainly integrating existing 5G standards and satellite communication technologies to meet full coverage on a global scale .
  • 3rd Generation Partnership Project 3rd Generation Partnership Project
  • 3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project
  • the current network architecture is network-centric, that is, resource scheduling is centered on the base station.
  • Each cell is an independent scheduling time-frequency resource, and the cell allocates time-frequency resources through a semi-static configuration method. From the perspective of the community, each community works independently. From the UE perspective, the UE can only use the resources of the serving cell, and can only communicate with the cell through the uplink and downlink in the same cell. In this network-centric communication system mode, there are the following problems: poor cell edge performance in the same-frequency networking scenario, UE movement process requiring handover, unbalanced load, and so on.
  • Handover is the process in which the UE changes the cell connection during the communication process. Due to the high-speed movement of non-geostationary orbit (NGEO) satellite nodes, user terminals in a connected state need to frequently switch between different satellite cells to ensure business continuity.
  • NGEO non-geostationary orbit
  • Typical satellite cell handover scenarios include intra-satellite cell handover and inter-satellite cell handover:
  • Intra-satellite cell switching refers to UE switching between different cells of the same satellite. As shown in Figure 1, satellite A moves from right to left, and the UE needs to perform intra-satellite cell handover;
  • Inter-satellite cell switching refers to the UE switching between cells of different satellites. As shown in Figure 2, the Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite moves from right to left, and the UE needs to perform inter-satellite cell handover, that is, handover from the cell of satellite A to the cell of satellite B.
  • LEO Low Earth Orbit
  • Load balancing is also an important research direction in mobile networks. Especially in a satellite network, the distribution of UEs is very unbalanced under normal circumstances, some cells camp on a large number of terminals and some cells have few terminals, resulting in an unbalanced distribution of the overall network load.
  • CoMP Coordinated Multiple Point
  • CoMP technology is still based on the traditional cellular structure, and users always communicate with a certain cluster of cooperative cells determined in advance in the network for data channel transmission and communication.
  • the control channel is sent and received by the user's serving cell without using CoMP technology.
  • CoMP's cooperation area has some characteristics: the cooperation area does not overlap, the cooperation area is semi-statically configured, and small-scale cooperation. Because in the collaboration area, users need centralized scheduling. There is no information exchange between base stations in different cooperation areas. When a cell belongs to a certain cooperation area, if it participates in other cooperation areas, the scheduling complexity will be very high, which makes the CoMP cooperation areas unable to overlap. Due to the existing hardware limitations and the trade-off between performance gain, feedback overhead and scheduling complexity, a cooperation area is generally composed of 2 to 3 cells.
  • the CoMP technology also has some problems: poor performance at the edge of the CoMP coordination set, a handover process is required when the serving cell changes, and CoMP coordination is not transparent to the UE.
  • the received signal-to-noise ratio is relatively small and the interference is relatively large, so the performance in this place is relatively poor.
  • the embodiment of the present application proposes a satellite communication method, which can reduce the time delay caused by establishing a communication connection when a user terminal switches between different satellites.
  • This application belongs to the category of satellite communication.
  • the members of 3GPP integrate satellite communication and 5G technology to propose a typical network application architecture.
  • the ground mobile terminal UE accesses the network through the 5G new air interface, and the 5G base station is deployed on the satellite and connected to the ground core network through a wireless link.
  • the network elements in Figure 3 and their interfaces are described as follows:
  • Terminal Mobile devices that support 5G new air interface, typically mobile devices such as mobile phones and pads. You can access the satellite network through the air interface and initiate calls, surf the Internet and other services.
  • 5G base station It mainly provides wireless access services, dispatches wireless resources to access terminals, and provides reliable wireless transmission protocols and data encryption protocols.
  • 5G core network user access control, mobility management, session management, user security authentication, billing and other services. It is composed of multiple functional units, which can be divided into functional entities of the control plane and the data plane. Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) is responsible for user access management, security authentication, and mobility management. The User Plane Unit (UPF) is responsible for managing user plane data transmission, traffic statistics, security eavesdropping and other functions. The Session Management Function (SMF) is mainly responsible for interacting with the separated data plane.
  • AMF Access and Mobility Management Function
  • UPF User Plane Unit
  • SMF Session Management Function
  • Ground station responsible for forwarding signaling and service data between the satellite base station and the 5G core network.
  • 5G new air interface the wireless link between the terminal and the base station.
  • Xn interface The interface between the 5G base station and the base station, which is mainly used for signaling interaction such as handover.
  • NG interface the interface between the 5G base station and the 5G core network.
  • FIG. 4 shows a flow interaction diagram of a satellite communication method 400 proposed in this embodiment.
  • the satellite network is divided into several super cells according to the geographical area, and the user equipment in each super cell has a unique user identity.
  • the user equipment UE receives a plurality of detection signals, and the plurality of detection signals correspond to a plurality of satellites one-to-one, and each detection signal is periodically transmitted by a corresponding satellite in a broadcast manner.
  • the detection signal can be a beacon signal, and the beacon signal can be a set of sequences.
  • the beacon signals sent by each satellite in a super cell are different, that is, each beacon signal corresponds to each satellite one-to-one.
  • the beacon signal may have a definite timing relationship with the downlink synchronization signal (sync) of the satellite to facilitate the user to detect the beacon signal. As shown in FIG. 5, a schematic diagram showing the definite timing relationship between the detection signal and the synchronization signal is shown.
  • the UE sends at least one piece of measurement information to the first satellite, where the at least one piece of measurement information has a one-to-one correspondence with the at least one first detection signal, and each piece of measurement information is used to indicate the signal quality of the corresponding first detection signal.
  • Each detection signal corresponds to one piece of measurement information, and the UE may send multiple pieces of measurement information to the first satellite together, or may send multiple pieces of measurement information to the first satellite separately.
  • the first satellite is an anchor satellite that has established a communication connection with the UE.
  • the UE can select the satellite with the best signal quality as the anchor satellite, initiate a random access process to the anchor satellite, and the anchor satellite allocates a user identity to the UE.
  • the number of first detection signals sent by the UE to the first satellite may be the same as the number of received multiple detection signals. That is, the UE may send the measurement information corresponding to all the received detection signals to the first satellite.
  • the first detection signal may be a detection signal whose signal quality meets a second preset condition among the multiple detection signals received by the UE.
  • the number of the first detection signals sent by the UE to the first satellite may be less than the number of the multiple received detection signals, and only the measurement information corresponding to the detection signals whose signal quality meets a certain condition is sent to the first satellite.
  • the second preset condition may be that the received power is greater than or equal to the third threshold; and/or the signal-to-noise ratio is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold.
  • the UE may send all measurement information whose signal quality meets the second preset condition to the first satellite, or may only send the measurement information whose signal quality meets the second preset condition with increased or decreased signal quality to the first satellite.
  • the UE sends the measurement information from satellite 1, satellite 2 and satellite 3 whose signal quality meets the second preset condition to the first satellite; in the second time period, the UE only adds The measurement information from satellite 4 whose signal quality meets the second preset condition is sent to the first satellite, or the UE only sends the measurement information from satellite 1 whose signal quality no longer meets the second preset condition to the first satellite. Only sending the measurement information whose signal quality increases or decreases meet the second preset condition to the first satellite can reduce the overhead required for sending the measurement information.
  • the first satellite receives at least one piece of measurement information sent by the user equipment UE.
  • the first satellite determines at least one second satellite from the at least one satellite according to the at least one measurement information, where the signal quality of the detection signal sent by the second satellite meets the first preset condition.
  • the first preset condition may be that the received power is greater than or equal to the first threshold; and/or the signal-to-noise ratio is greater than or equal to the second threshold.
  • the second satellite belongs to the cooperative satellite collection of the UE.
  • the second satellite can be a satellite in the same orbit, a satellite in a different orbit, other space-based platforms including drones and hot air balloons, or a ground station.
  • the first satellite determines the satellite corresponding to the detection signal whose signal quality of the detection signal meets the first preset condition in the received measurement information as the second satellite.
  • the first satellite may also determine the satellite corresponding to all the received detection signals as the second satellite, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the first satellite determines at least one second satellite from at least one satellite according to at least one piece of measurement information and at least one of the following information.
  • the at least one type of information includes: load information of each satellite in at least one satellite, ephemeris of each satellite in at least one satellite, overhead time information of each satellite in at least one satellite relative to the UE, at least one The position information of each satellite in the satellite relative to the UE.
  • the first satellite determines the second satellite, it must not only consider whether the signal quality of the detection signal meets the first preset condition, but also consider the load of the satellite that sends the detection signal, the ephemeris of the satellite that sends the detection signal, and Overhead time information of the satellite transmitting the detection signal relative to the UE or position information of the satellite transmitting the detection signal relative to the UE.
  • the signal quality of the detection signals sent by satellite 1 and satellite 2 both meet the first preset condition, but the load of satellite 1 is relatively large, and the load of satellite 2 is relatively small.
  • the first satellite preferably uses satellite 2 as the second satellite.
  • the signal quality of the detection signals sent by satellite 3 and satellite 4 both satisfy the first preset condition, but the overhead time of satellite 3 relative to the UE is relatively long, and the overhead time of satellite 4 relative to the UE is relatively short.
  • only satellite 3 may be determined as the second satellite. According to the ephemeris of the satellite sending the detection signal and the position information relative to the UE, it can also be determined that the satellite can provide the UE with wireless resource scheduling time.
  • the first satellite sends first information to the UE, where the first information is used for communication between the UE and the second satellite, and the first information includes an identifier of the second satellite. Specifically, optionally, the first information may be used for synchronization or authentication between the second satellite and the UE.
  • the first satellite can send information related to the authentication and authentication of the second satellite to the UE through the satellite-to-earth link, and/or the first satellite can send the UE synchronization related information of the second satellite to the UE through the satellite-to-earth link .
  • the first satellite sends second information to the second satellite, where the second information is used for communication between the second satellite and the UE, and the second information includes the identifier of the UE.
  • the second satellite receives the second information sent by the first satellite.
  • the second information may also be used for synchronization or authentication between the second satellite and the UE.
  • the first satellite sends the first information to the UE, and/or the first satellite sends the second information to the second satellite.
  • the first satellite can send information for communication between the UE and the second satellite to either side of the UE and the second satellite, or can send information for the communication between the UE and the second satellite to both the UE and the second satellite. Communication information.
  • the UE receives the first information sent by the first satellite.
  • the UE may make preparations for establishing a communication connection in advance.
  • the second satellite synchronizes with the UE, or the second satellite completes the authentication with the UE, or, the second satellite synchronizes with the UE and completes the authentication.
  • the second satellite receives the second information sent by the first satellite, and prepares to establish a communication connection with the UE based on the second information.
  • the first satellite may also send third information to the third satellite, and the third information is used to indicate the first time-frequency resource used when the first satellite communicates with the UE, so that the second satellite uses the first time-frequency resource Communicate with UE.
  • the first time-frequency resource may be determined by the first satellite according to its own time-frequency resource situation, or may be determined according to the time-frequency resource situation of the second satellite.
  • the first satellite receives fourth information sent by the second satellite, where the fourth information is used to indicate the idle time-frequency resource of the second satellite, and the first satellite determines the idle time-frequency resource from the idle time-frequency resource.
  • the first time-frequency resource can send the fourth information to the first satellite through the inter-satellite link.
  • the second satellite receives the third information sent by the first satellite, can use the first time-frequency resource to communicate with the UE, and send the same data to the UE as that sent by the first satellite to the UE; it can also use other than the first time-frequency resource
  • the other resources communicate with the UE, and send data to the UE that is different from the data sent to the UE by the first satellite. If the second satellite uses the first time-frequency resource to send the same data to the UE as the first satellite sends to the UE, the UE can be switched from the first satellite to the second satellite without perception.
  • At least one second satellite is determined in the first time period, and the second satellite belongs to the cooperative satellite set of the UE, and the first information and/or the second information are used for each of the UE and the cooperative satellite set
  • the communication between satellites, and the method also includes:
  • the first satellite will add the third satellite to the coordinated satellite set, that is, determine the third satellite Is the second satellite;
  • the first satellite excludes the fourth satellite from the cooperative satellite set, that is, the fourth satellite It is no longer identified as the second satellite.
  • the UE continues to receive detection signals from multiple satellites, and if it is determined that the signal quality of the detection signal sent by the second satellite is the best, the second satellite may be determined as an anchor satellite, and the first satellite can be a cooperative satellite.
  • the first satellite that has established a connection with the UE can determine at least one second satellite whose signal quality meets the first preset condition according to the measurement information detected by the UE, and make the at least one second satellite
  • the second satellite makes preparations for establishing communication with the UE in advance.
  • the connection can be quickly established and the time delay can be reduced.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic block diagram of a communication device 600 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 600 includes:
  • the communication interface 610 is configured to receive at least one piece of measurement information sent by the user equipment UE, where the at least one piece of measurement information corresponds to at least one satellite one-to-one, and each piece of measurement information is used to indicate the signal quality of the detection signal sent by the corresponding satellite;
  • the logic circuit 620 is configured to determine at least one second satellite from the at least one satellite according to the at least one measurement information, wherein the signal quality of the detection signal sent by the second satellite meets the first preset condition;
  • the communication interface 610 is further configured to send first information to the UE, where the first information is used for communication between the UE and the second satellite, and the first information includes the second satellite Logo; and/or,
  • the communication interface 610 is further configured to send second information to the second satellite, where the second information is used for communication between the second satellite and the UE, and the second information includes the UE Of the logo.
  • the first information or the second information is specifically used for synchronization or authentication between the second satellite and the UE.
  • the first preset condition includes: the received power is greater than or equal to a first threshold; and/or, the signal-to-noise ratio is greater than or equal to a second threshold.
  • the logic circuit 620 is specifically configured to determine at least one second satellite from the at least one satellite according to the at least one measurement information and at least one of the following information:
  • the communication interface 610 is further configured to send third information to the second satellite, where the third information is used to indicate the first time-frequency resource used when the communication interface communicates with the UE.
  • the communication interface 610 is further configured to receive fourth information sent by the second satellite, where the fourth information is used to indicate idle time-frequency resources of the second satellite; the logic circuit 620 is also It is used to determine the first time-frequency resource from the idle time-frequency resource.
  • the at least one second satellite is determined in a first time period, and the second satellite belongs to a cooperative satellite set of the UE, and the first information and/or the second information are used for all The communication between the UE and each satellite in the coordinated satellite set, and
  • the logic circuit is also used to add the third satellite to the The collection of cooperative satellites;
  • the logic circuit is also used to remove the fourth satellite from the Are excluded from the set of cooperative satellites.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic block diagram of another communication device 700 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 700 includes:
  • the communication interface 710 is configured to receive a plurality of detection signals, the plurality of detection signals are in one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of satellites, and each detection signal is sent by a corresponding satellite;
  • the communication interface 710 is further configured to send at least one piece of measurement information to the first satellite, where the at least one piece of measurement information corresponds to at least one first detection signal, and each measurement information is used to indicate the corresponding first detection signal.
  • Signal quality
  • the communication interface 710 is further configured to receive first information sent by the first satellite, where the first information includes the identifier of the second satellite, and the first information is used for communication between the UE and the second satellite. For inter-communication, the signal quality of the first detection signal sent by the second satellite satisfies the first preset condition.
  • the first information is specifically used for synchronization or authentication between the second satellite and the UE.
  • the number of the first detection signals is the same as the number of the multiple detection signals.
  • the first detection signal is a detection signal whose signal quality meets a second preset condition among the multiple detection signals.
  • the second preset condition includes: the received power is greater than or equal to a third threshold; and/or, the signal-to-noise ratio is greater than or equal to a fourth threshold.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic block diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the network device 800 includes:
  • the memory 810 is used to store executable instructions
  • the processor 820 is configured to call and run the executable instructions in the memory 810 to implement the method in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the aforementioned processor may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities.
  • the steps of the foregoing method embodiments may be completed by hardware integrated logic circuits in the processor or instructions in the form of software.
  • the above-mentioned processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a ready-made programmable gate array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other Programming logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.
  • DSP Digital Signal Processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA ready-made programmable gate array
  • the methods, steps, and logical block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented or executed.
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be directly embodied as being executed and completed by a hardware decoding processor, or executed and completed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software module can be located in a mature storage medium in the field, such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.
  • the aforementioned memory may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), programmable read-only memory (Programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (Erasable PROM, EPROM), and electrically available Erase programmable read-only memory (Electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • the volatile memory may be a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), which is used as an external cache.
  • RAM static random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • DRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • DDR SDRAM Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory
  • Enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM Enhanced Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory
  • Synchronous Link Dynamic Random Access Memory Synchronous Link Dynamic Random Access Memory
  • DR RAM Direct Rambus RAM
  • the foregoing memory may be integrated in a processor, or the foregoing processor and memory may also be integrated on the same chip, or may be located on different chips and connected through interface coupling.
  • the embodiment of the application does not limit this.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which is stored a computer program for implementing the method in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the computer program runs on a computer, the computer can implement the method in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the term "and/or” in this application is only an association relationship that describes associated objects, which means that there can be three types of relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean that A alone exists, and both A and B exist. , There are three cases of B alone.
  • the character "/" in this document generally means that the associated objects before and after are in an "or” relationship; the term “at least one” in this application can mean “one” and "two or more", for example, A At least one of, B and C can mean: A alone exists, B alone exists, C alone exists, A and B exist alone, A and C exist at the same time, C and B exist at the same time, A and B and C exist at the same time, this Seven situations.
  • the disclosed system, device, and method can be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or It can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
  • the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application essentially or the part that contributes to the existing technology or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), random access memory (random access memory, RAM), magnetic disks or optical disks and other media that can store program codes. .

Abstract

本申请提供了一种卫星通信的方法和装置，能够降低建立连接的时延。该方法包括：第一卫星接收用户设备UE发送的至少一个测量信息，所述至少一个测量信息与至少一个卫星一一对应，每个测量信息用于指示对应的卫星发送的检测信号的信号质量；所述第一卫星根据所述至少一个测量信息，从所述至少一个卫星中确定至少一个第二卫星，所述第二卫星发送的检测信号的信号质量满足第一预设条件；所述第一卫星向所述UE发送第一信息，所述第一信息用于所述UE与所述第二卫星之间的通信，所述第一信息包括所述第二卫星的标识；和/或，所述第一卫星向所述第二卫星发送第二信息，所述第二信息用于所述第二卫星与所述UE之间的通信，所述第二信息包括所述UE的标识。

Description

卫星通信的方法和装置
本申请要求于2020年04月27日提交中国专利局、申请号为202010345262.7、发明名称为“卫星通信的方法和装置”的专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种卫星通信的方法和装置。
背景技术
随着信息技术发展，对通信的高效、机动、多样性等提出更迫切的要求，目前，通信系统领域的一个发展重点是全球移动通信(Global System for Mobile Communications，GSM)，而全球移动通信的重要组成部分是卫星通信。卫星通信具备通信距离远、覆盖面积大、组网灵活等特点，其既可为固定终端，也可为各种移动终端提供服务。
由于卫星节点的高速运动，处于连接态的用户终端需要频繁地在不同的卫星间切换，以保障业务的连续性。但是，用户终端与卫星建立通信连接的过程需要一定的时间，频繁地切换会带来时延。
发明内容
本申请提供一种卫星通信的方法和装置，能够降低建立连接的时延。
第一方面，提供一种卫星通信的方法，包括：第一卫星接收用户设备UE发送的至少一个测量信息，所述至少一个测量信息与至少一个卫星一一对应，每个测量信息用于指示对应的卫星发送的检测信号的信号质量；所述第一卫星根据所述至少一个测量信息，从所述至少一个卫星中确定至少一个第二卫星，其中，所述第二卫星发送的检测信号的信号质量满足第一预设条件；所述第一卫星向所述UE发送第一信息，所述第一信息用于所述UE与所述第二卫星之间的通信，所述第一信息包括所述第二卫星的标识；和/或，所述第一卫星向所述第二卫星发送第二信息，所述第二信息用于所述第二卫星与所述UE之间的通信，所述第二信息包括所述UE的标识。
基于上述技术方案，已与UE建立连接的第一卫星可以根据UE检测到的测量信息，确定出信号质量满足第一预设条件的至少一个第二卫星，并使至少一个第二卫星提前做好与UE建立通信的准备，在UE发起与第二卫星的随机接入请求时，可以快速建立连接、降低时延。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一信息或所述第二信息具体用于所述第二卫星和所述UE之间的同步或鉴权认证。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一预设条件，包括：接收功率大于或等于第一阈值；和/或，信噪比大于或等于第二阈值。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一卫星根据所述至少一个测量信息，从所述至少一个卫星中确定至少一个第二卫星，包括：所述第一卫星根据所述至少一个测量信息和以下至少一种信息，从所述至少一个卫星中确定至少一个第二卫星：所述至少一个卫星中的每个卫星的负载信息、所述至少一个卫星中的每个卫星的星历、所述至少一个卫星中的每个卫星相对于所述UE的过顶时间信息、所述至少一个卫星中的每个卫星相对于所述UE的位置信息。
第一卫星根据测量信息中指示的信号质量和负载信息确定第二卫星，可以使网络负载均衡；除此之外，考虑卫星的位置信息、过顶时间或星历，可以确定与UE通信时间较长的卫星为第二卫星。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述第一卫星向所述第二卫星发送第三信息，所述第三信息用于指示所述第一卫星与所述UE通信时使用的第一时频资源。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述第一卫星接收所述第二卫星发送的第四信息，所述第四信息用于指示所述第二卫星的空闲时频资源；所述第一卫星从所述空闲时频资源中，确定所述第一时频资源。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述至少一个第二卫星是在第一时段确定的，且所述第二卫星属于所述UE的协同卫星集合，所述第一信息和/或所述第二信息用于所述UE与所述协同卫星集合中的每个卫星之间的通信，以及所述方法还包括：在第二时段，如果所述协同卫星集合以外的第三卫星发送的检测信号的信号质量满足所述第一预设条件，则所述第一卫星将所述第三卫星加入至所述协同卫星集合；在第三时段，如果所述协同卫星集合内的第四卫星发送的检测信号的信号质量不满足所述第一预设条件，则所述第一卫星将所述第四卫星从所述协同卫星集合中排除。
第二方面，提供一种卫星通信的方法，包括：用户设备UE接收多个检测信号，所述多个检测信号与多个卫星一一对应，每个检测信号是所对应的卫星发送的；所述UE向第一卫星发送至少一个测量信息，所述至少一个测量信息与至少一个第一检测信号一一对应，每个测量信息用于指示所对应的第一检测信号的信号质量；所述UE接收所述第一卫星发送的第一信息，所述第一信息包括第二卫星的标识，所述第一信息用于所述UE与所述第二卫星之间的通信，所述第二卫星发送的第一检测信号的信号质量满足第一预设条件。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一信息具体用于所述第二卫星和所述UE之间的同步或鉴权认证。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一检测信号的数量与所述多个检测信号的数量相同。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一检测信号是所述多个检测信号中信号质量满足第二预设条件的检测信号。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第二预设条件包括：接收功率大于或等于第三阈值；和/或，信噪比大于或等于第四阈值。
第三方面，提供一种卫星通信的方法，包括：第二卫星向用户设备UE发送检测信号；所述第二卫星接收第一卫星发送的第二信息，所述第二信息用于所述第二卫星与所述UE之间的通信，所述第二信息包括所述UE的标识，所述第二信息是所述第一卫星在确定所 述第二卫星发送的检测信号的信号质量满足第一预设条件后发送的。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述第二卫星接收所述第一卫星发送的第三信息，所述第三信息用于指示所述第一卫星与所述UE通信时使用的第一时频资源；所述第二卫星使用所述第一时频资源与所述UE通信。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述第二卫星向所述第一卫星发送第四信息，所述第四信息用于指示所述第二卫星的空闲时频资源，以使所述第一卫星从所述空闲时频资源中，确定所述第一时频资源。
第四方面，提供了一种通信装置，包括：通信接口，用于接收用户设备UE发送的至少一个测量信息，所述至少一个测量信息与至少一个卫星一一对应，每个测量信息用于指示对应的卫星发送的检测信号的信号质量；逻辑电路，用于根据所述至少一个测量信息，从所述至少一个卫星中确定至少一个第二卫星，其中，所述第二卫星发送的检测信号的信号质量满足第一预设条件；所述通信接口还用于，向所述UE发送第一信息，所述第一信息用于所述UE与所述第二卫星之间的通信，所述第一信息包括所述第二卫星的标识；和/或，所述通信接口还用于，向所述第二卫星发送第二信息，所述第二信息用于所述第二卫星与所述UE之间的通信，所述第二信息包括所述UE的标识。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一信息或所述第二信息具体用于所述第二卫星和所述UE之间的同步或鉴权认证。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一预设条件，包括：接收功率大于或等于第一阈值；和/或，信噪比大于或等于第二阈值。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述逻辑电路具体用于，根据所述至少一个测量信息和以下至少一种信息，从所述至少一个卫星中确定至少一个第二卫星：所述至少一个卫星中的每个卫星的负载信息、所述至少一个卫星中的每个卫星的星历、所述至少一个卫星中的每个卫星相对于所述UE的过顶时间信息、所述至少一个卫星中的每个卫星相对于所述UE的位置信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述通信接口还用于，向所述第二卫星发送第三信息，所述第三信息用于指示所述通信接口与所述UE通信时使用的第一时频资源。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述通信接口还用于，接收所述第二卫星发送的第四信息，所述第四信息用于指示所述第二卫星的空闲时频资源；所述逻辑电路还用于，从所述空闲时频资源中，确定所述第一时频资源。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述至少一个第二卫星是在第一时段确定的，且所述第二卫星属于所述UE的协同卫星集合，所述第一信息和/或所述第二信息用于所述UE与所述协同卫星集合中的每个卫星之间的通信，以及在第二时段，如果所述协同卫星集合以外的第三卫星发送的检测信号的信号质量满足所述第一预设条件，则所述逻辑电路还用于，将所述第三卫星加入至所述协同卫星集合；在第二时段，如果所述协同卫星集合内的第四卫星发送的检测信号的信号质量不满足所述第一预设条件，则所述逻辑电路还用于，将所述第四卫星从所述协同卫星集合中排除。
第五方面，提供了一种通信装置，包括：通信接口，用于接收多个检测信号，所述多个检测信号与多个卫星一一对应，每个检测信号是所对应的卫星发送的；所述通信接口还用于，向第一卫星发送至少一个测量信息，所述至少一个测量信息与至少一个第一检测信 号一一对应，每个测量信息用于指示所对应的第一检测信号的信号质量；所述通信接口还用于，接收所述第一卫星发送的第一信息，所述第一信息包括第二卫星的标识，所述第一信息用于所述UE与所述第二卫星之间的通信，所述第二卫星发送的第一检测信号的信号质量满足第一预设条件。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一信息具体用于所述第二卫星和所述UE之间的同步或鉴权认证。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一检测信号的数量与所述多个检测信号的数量相同。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一检测信号是所述多个检测信号中信号质量满足第二预设条件的检测信号。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第二预设条件包括：接收功率大于或等于第三阈值；和/或，信噪比大于或等于第四阈值。
第六方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读介质存储有计算机程序；所述计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行第一方面或第一方面任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
第七方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读介质存储有计算机程序；所述计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行第二方面或第二方面任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例的UE在同一卫星的不同小区进行切换的示意图。
图2为本申请实施例的UE在不同卫星的小区间进行切换的示意图。
图3为本申请实施例的卫星网络典型应用场景示意图。
图4为本申请实施例的一种卫星通信的方法的流程交互图。
图5为本申请实施例的检测信号与同步信号的时序关系示意图。
图6为本申请实施例的一种通信装置的示意性框图。
图7为本申请实施例的另一种通信装置的示意性框图。
图8为本申请实施例的一种网络设备的示意性框图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
本申请实施例可以应用于各种通信系统，例如无线局域网系统(Wireless Local Area Network，WLAN)、窄带物联网系统(Narrow Band-Internet of Things，NB-IoT)、全球移动通信系统、增强型数据速率GSM演进系统(Enhanced Data rate for GSM Evolution，EDGE)、宽带码分多址系统(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access，WCDMA)、码分多址2000系统(Code Division Multiple Access，CDMA2000)、时分同步码分多址系统(Time Division-Synchronization Code Division Multiple Access，TD-SCDMA)，长期演进系统(Long Term Evolution，LTE)、卫星通信、第五代(5th generation，5G)系统或者将来出现的新的通信系统等。
本申请实施例中所涉及到的终端设备可以包括各种具有无线通信功能的手持设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备。终端可以是移动台(Mobile Station，MS)、用户单元(subscriber unit)、用户设备(user equipment,UE)、蜂窝电话(cellular phone)、智能电话(smart phone)、无线数据卡、个人数字助理(Personal Digital Assistant，PDA)电脑、平板型电脑、无线调制解调器(modem)、手持设备(handset)、膝上型电脑(laptop computer)、机器类型通信(Machine Type Communication，MTC)终端等。
随着信息技术发展，对通信的高效、机动、多样性等提出更迫切的要求，目前，通信系统领域的一个发展重点是全球移动通信GSM，而移动通信的重要组成部分是卫星通信。在一些重要领域，如空间通信、航空通信、海事通信、军事通信等，卫星都发挥着无可替代的作用。卫星通信具备通信距离远、覆盖面积大、组网灵活等特点，其既可为固定终端，也可为各种移动终端提供服务。
第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd Generation Partnership Project，3GPP)标准组织已经发布了5G技术标准，研究天地融合通信技术，主要是融合现有的5G标准和卫星通信技术，满足在全球范围内的全覆盖。目前研究已经启动，并对卫星与5G融合的架构等做了研究。
目前的网络架构是以网络为中心的，即以基站为中心进行资源的调度。每个小区都是独立的调度时频资源，小区通过半静态配置方式对时频资源进行分配。从小区方面来看，各个小区独立进行工作。从UE方面看，UE只能使用服务小区的资源，只能通过同一个小区内的上下行链路与该小区通信。在这种以网络为中心的通信系统模式下，存在以下问题：同频组网场景下小区边缘性能差、UE移动过程要求切换、负载不均衡等。
同频组网时，在小区的边缘(Cell Edge)存在干扰问题。在小区的边缘，相邻小区会在这里叠加，从而产生很大的干扰，使得小区边缘的吞吐量的提高受到阻碍。
切换就是UE在通信过程中，改变小区连接的过程。由于非静止轨道(Non-geostationary orbit，NGEO)卫星节点的高速运动，处于连接态的用户终端需要频繁地在不同的卫星小区间切换，以保障业务的连续性。典型的卫星小区切换场景包括星内小区切换和星间小区切换：
(1)星内小区切换指UE在同一卫星的不同小区间进行切换。如图1所示，卫星A从右向左运动，UE需要执行星内小区切换；
(2)星间小区切换指UE在不同卫星的小区间进行切换。如图2所示，低地球轨道(Low Earth Orbit，LEO)卫星从右向左运动，UE需要执行星间小区切换，即从卫星A的小区切换到卫星B的小区。
负载均衡也是移动网络中重要的研究方向。尤其在卫星网络中，UE在通常情况下分布很不均衡，有些小区驻留大量终端而有些小区终端很少，导致整个网络负载可能分布不均衡。
多点协作(Coordinated Multiple Point，CoMP)技术是LTE中用于提高小区边缘频谱效率的方法之一。CoMP协作技术使得小区间的干扰成为有用信号，提升了小区边缘的吞吐量。该技术通过在不同小区间共享信息(包括信道状态信息、小区的调度信息、用户数据信息等)，实现多个临近小区的协作。
CoMP技术仍然基于传统的蜂窝结构，用户总是和网络中事先确定的某一簇协作小区 进行数据信道传输通信。控制信道由用户的服务小区进行收发，而不使用CoMP技术。CoMP的协作区域有一些特点：协作区域不重叠、协作区域半静态配置、小范围协作。由于在协作区域内，用户需要集中调度。在不同协作区域之间，基站没有信息交互。当一个小区属于某个协作区域时，若其再参与其他的协作区域，将会使调度的复杂度非常高，这使得CoMP的协作区域不能重叠。由于现有的硬件限制，以及权衡性能增益、反馈开销和调度复杂度，一个协作区域内一般由2到3个小区构成。
然而，CoMP技术也存在一些问题：CoMP协作集边缘的性能差、服务小区改变时需要切换过程、CoMP协作对UE不透明。在协作集边缘，接收信噪比比较小，干扰比较大，所以在这个地方的性能相对较差。
本申请实施例提出了一种卫星通信的方法，用户终端在不同卫星间切换时，能够减少建立通信连接带来的时延。
本申请属于卫星通信的范畴，3GPP各成员融合卫星通信和5G技术，提出典型的网络应用架构。如图3所示。地面移动终端UE通过5G新空口接入网络，5G基站部署在卫星上，并通过无线链路与地面的核心网相连。同时，在卫星之间存在无线链路，完成基站与基站之间的信令交互和用户数据传输。图3中的各个网元以及他们的接口说明如下：
终端:支持5G新空口的移动设备，典型的比如手机，pad等移动设备。可以通过空口接入卫星网络并发起呼叫，上网等业务。
5G基站:主要是提供无线接入服务，调度无线资源给接入终端，提供可靠的无线传输协议和数据加密协议等。
5G核心网:用户接入控制，移动性管理，会话管理，用户安全认证，计费等业务。它有多个功能单元组成，可以分为控制面和数据面的功能实体。接入与移动管理单元(Access and Mobility Management Function，AMF)，负责用户接入管理，安全认证，还有移动性管理。用户面单元(User Plane Unit，UPF)负责管理用户面数据的传输，流量统计，安全窃听等功能。会话管理单元(Session Management Function，SMF)主要负责与分离的数据面交互。
地面站:负责转发卫星基站和5G核心网之间的信令和业务数据。
5G新空口:终端和基站之间的无线链路。
Xn接口:5G基站和基站之间的接口，主要用于切换等信令交互。
NG接口:5G基站和5G核心网之间接口。
图4出示了本实施例提出的一种卫星通信的方法400的流程交互图。
卫星网络按照地理区域划分为若干超小区，每个超小区内的用户设备具备唯一的用户标识。
410，用户设备UE接收多个检测信号，所述多个检测信号与多个卫星一一对应，每个检测信号是所对应的卫星采用广播的方式周期性发送的。
检测信号可以为beacon信号，beacon信号可以是一组序列，在一个超小区内每个卫星发送的beacon信号各不相同，即每个beacon信号与每个卫星一一对应。beacon信号可以与卫星的下行同步信号(sync)具备确定的时序关系，便于用户检测beacon信号，如图5所示，出示了检测信号与同步信号具有确定的时序关系的示意图。
420，UE向第一卫星发送至少一个测量信息，所述至少一个测量信息与至少一个第一 检测信号一一对应，每个测量信息用于指示所对应的第一检测信号的信号质量。每个检测信号对应一个测量信息，UE可以将多个测量信息一起发送给第一卫星，也可以将多个测量信息分别发送给第一卫星。应理解，第一卫星为已与UE建立通信连接的锚点卫星。
UE通过检测来自多个卫星的下行beacon信号，可以选择其中信号质量最好的卫星作为锚点卫星，向锚点卫星发起随机接入过程，并由锚点卫星为UE分配用户标识。
具体而言，可选的，UE向第一卫星发送的第一检测信号的数量可以与接收到的多个检测信号的数量相同。即，UE可以将所有接收到的检测信号对应的测量信息发送给第一卫星。
具体而言，可选的，第一检测信号可以是UE接收到的多个检测信号中信号质量满足第二预设条件的检测信号。UE向第一卫星发送的第一检测信号的数量可以小于接收到的多个检测信号的数量，仅将信号质量满足一定条件的检测信号对应的测量信息发送给第一卫星。第二预设条件可以为接收功率大于或等于第三阈值；和/或，信噪比大于或等于第四阈值。UE可以将信号质量满足第二预设条件的所有测量信息全部发送给第一卫星，也可以仅将增加或减少的信号质量满足第二预设条件的测量信息发送给第一卫星。例如，在第一时间段内，UE将信号质量满足第二预设条件的来自卫星1、卫星2和卫星3的测量信息发送给第一卫星；在第二时间段内，UE仅将新增的信号质量满足第二预设条件的来自卫星4的测量信息发送给第一卫星，或者，UE仅将信号质量不再满足第二预设条件的来自卫星1的测量信息发送给第一卫星。仅将增加或减少的信号质量满足第二预设条件的测量信息发送给第一卫星，可以降低发送测量信息所需的开销。
430，第一卫星接收用户设备UE发送的至少一个测量信息。
440，第一卫星根据至少一个测量信息，从至少一个卫星中确定至少一个第二卫星，其中，第二卫星发送的检测信号的信号质量满足第一预设条件。应理解，第一预设条件可以为接收功率大于或等于第一阈值；和/或，信噪比大于或等于第二阈值。第二卫星属于UE的协同卫星集合，第二卫星可以为同轨道卫星，可以为异轨道卫星，还可以是包括无人机、热气球在内的其他空基平台，还可以是地面站。
可选的，在一种实现方式中，第一卫星将接收到的测量信息中检测信号的信号质量满足第一预设条件的检测信号对应的卫星确定为第二卫星。第一卫星也可以将接收到的所有检测信号对应的卫星确定为第二卫星，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
可选的，在另一种实现方式中，所述第一卫星根据至少一个测量信息和以下至少一种信息，从至少一个卫星中确定至少一个第二卫星。至少一种信息包括：至少一个卫星中的每个卫星的负载信息、至少一个卫星中的每个卫星的星历、至少一个卫星中的每个卫星相对于该UE的过顶时间信息、至少一个卫星中的每个卫星相对于该UE的位置信息。换言之，第一卫星确定第二卫星时，不仅要考虑检测信号的信号质量是否满足第一预设条件，还要考虑发送该检测信号的卫星的负载情况、发送该检测信号的卫星的星历、发送该检测信号的卫星相对于UE的过顶时间信息或发送该检测信号的卫星相对于UE的位置信息。
例如，卫星1和卫星2发送的检测信号的信号质量都满足第一预设条件，但是卫星1的负载较大，而卫星2的负载较小，此时第一卫星优选卫星2为第二卫星，可以平衡卫星的负载。又例如，卫星3和卫星4发送的检测信号的信号质量都满足第一预设条件，但是卫星3相对于UE的过顶时间较长，而卫星4相对于UE的过顶时间较短，此时，考虑卫 星可以为UE提供无线资源调度的时间，可以只将卫星3确定为第二卫星。根据发送检测信号的卫星的星历和相对于UE的位置信息也可以确定出该卫星可以为UE提供无线资源调度的时间。
450，第一卫星向UE发送第一信息，该第一信息用于UE与第二卫星之间的通信，该第一信息包括第二卫星的标识。具体而言，可选的，第一信息可以用于第二卫星和UE之间的同步或鉴权认证。
第一卫星通过星地链路可以向UE发送第二卫星与UE进行鉴权认证的相关信息，和/或，第一卫星通过星地链路可以向UE发送第二卫星与UE同步的相关信息。
460，第一卫星向第二卫星发送第二信息，该第二信息用于第二卫星与UE之间的通信，该第二信息包括UE的标识。第二卫星接收第一卫星发送的该第二信息。
具体而言，可选的，第二信息也可以用于第二卫星和UE之间的同步或鉴权认证。
应理解，第一卫星向UE发送第一信息，和/或，第一卫星向第二卫星发送第二信息。第一卫星可以向UE和第二卫星中任一侧发送用于UE与第二卫星之间的通信的信息，也可以向UE和第二卫星两侧都发送用于UE与第二卫星之间的通信的信息。
470，UE接收第一卫星发送的第一信息。
UE根据第一卫星发送的用于该UE与该第二卫星之间的通信的信息，可以提前做好建立通信连接的准备。第二卫星与UE同步，或者，第二卫星与UE完成鉴权认证，又或者，第二卫星与UE同步且完成鉴权认证。
第二卫星接收第一卫星发送的第二信息，并根据该第二信息，做好与UE建立通信连接的准备。
可选的，第一卫星还可以向第三卫星发送第三信息，该第三信息用于指示第一卫星与UE通信时使用的第一时频资源，使第二卫星使用第一时频资源与UE通信。应理解，所述第一时频资源可以是第一卫星根据自身时频资源情况确定的，也可以是根据第二卫星的时频资源情况确定的。
具体而言，可选的，第一卫星接收第二卫星发送的第四信息，该第四信息用于指示第二卫星的空闲时频资源，第一卫星从该空闲时频资源中，确定该第一时频资源。第二卫星可以通过星间链路将该第四信息发送给第一卫星。
第二卫星接收第一卫星发送的第三信息，可以使用第一时频资源与UE进行通信，并向UE发送与第一卫星向UE发送的相同的数据；也可以使用除第一时频资源之外的资源与UE进行通信，并向UE发送与第一卫星向UE发送的不同的数据。若第二卫星使用第一时频资源向UE发送与第一卫星向UE发送的相同的数据，可以使UE从第一卫星无感知地切换至第二卫星。
可选的，至少一个第二卫星是在第一时段确定的，且第二卫星属于所述UE的协同卫星集合，第一信息和/或第二信息用于UE与协同卫星集合中的每个卫星之间的通信，以及该方法还包括：
在第二时段，如果协同卫星集合以外的第三卫星发送的检测信号的信号质量满足第一预设条件，则第一卫星将该第三卫星加入至该协同卫星集合，即将该第三卫星确定为第二卫星；
在第三时段，如果协同卫星集合内的第四卫星发送的检测信号的信号质量不满足第一 预设条件，则第一卫星将该第四卫星从该协同卫星集合中排除，即第四卫星不再被确定为第二卫星。
可选的，UE持续接收来自多个卫星的检测信号，若确定第二卫星发送的检测信号的信号质量最佳，可以将第二卫星确定为锚点卫星，使第一卫星成为协同卫星。
本申请实施例提供的技术方案中，已与UE建立连接的第一卫星可以根据UE检测到的测量信息，确定出信号质量满足第一预设条件的至少一个第二卫星，并使至少一个第二卫星提前做好与UE建立通信的准备，在UE发起与第二卫星的随机接入请求时，可以快速建立连接、降低时延。
本申请实施例提供了一种通信装置600，图6示出了本申请实施例的一种通信装置600的示意性框图。该通信装置600包括：
通信接口610，用于接收用户设备UE发送的至少一个测量信息，所述至少一个测量信息与至少一个卫星一一对应，每个测量信息用于指示对应的卫星发送的检测信号的信号质量；
逻辑电路620，用于根据所述至少一个测量信息，从所述至少一个卫星中确定至少一个第二卫星，其中，所述第二卫星发送的检测信号的信号质量满足第一预设条件；
所述通信接口610还用于，向所述UE发送第一信息，所述第一信息用于所述UE与所述第二卫星之间的通信，所述第一信息包括所述第二卫星的标识；和/或，
所述通信接口610还用于，向所述第二卫星发送第二信息，所述第二信息用于所述第二卫星与所述UE之间的通信，所述第二信息包括所述UE的标识。
可选的，所述第一信息或所述第二信息具体用于所述第二卫星和所述UE之间的同步或鉴权认证。
可选的，所述第一预设条件，包括：接收功率大于或等于第一阈值；和/或，信噪比大于或等于第二阈值。
可选的，所述逻辑电路620具体用于，根据所述至少一个测量信息和以下至少一种信息，从所述至少一个卫星中确定至少一个第二卫星：
所述至少一个卫星中的每个卫星的负载信息、所述至少一个卫星中的每个卫星的星历、所述至少一个卫星中的每个卫星相对于所述UE的过顶时间信息、所述至少一个卫星中的每个卫星相对于所述UE的位置信息。
可选的，所述通信接口610还用于，向所述第二卫星发送第三信息，所述第三信息用于指示所述通信接口与所述UE通信时使用的第一时频资源。
可选的，所述通信接口610还用于，接收所述第二卫星发送的第四信息，所述第四信息用于指示所述第二卫星的空闲时频资源；所述逻辑电路620还用于，从所述空闲时频资源中，确定所述第一时频资源。
可选的，所述至少一个第二卫星是在第一时段确定的，且所述第二卫星属于所述UE的协同卫星集合，所述第一信息和/或所述第二信息用于所述UE与所述协同卫星集合中的每个卫星之间的通信，以及
在第二时段，如果所述协同卫星集合以外的第三卫星发送的检测信号的信号质量满足所述第一预设条件，则所述逻辑电路还用于，将所述第三卫星加入至所述协同卫星集合；
在第二时段，如果所述协同卫星集合内的第四卫星发送的检测信号的信号质量不满足 所述第一预设条件，则所述逻辑电路还用于，将所述第四卫星从所述协同卫星集合中排除。
本申请实施例提供了另一种通信装置700，图7示出了本申请实施例的另一种通信装置700的示意性框图。该通信装置700包括：
通信接口710，用于接收多个检测信号，所述多个检测信号与多个卫星一一对应，每个检测信号是所对应的卫星发送的；
所述通信接口710还用于，向第一卫星发送至少一个测量信息，所述至少一个测量信息与至少一个第一检测信号一一对应，每个测量信息用于指示所对应的第一检测信号的信号质量；
所述通信接口710还用于，接收所述第一卫星发送的第一信息，所述第一信息包括第二卫星的标识，所述第一信息用于所述UE与所述第二卫星之间的通信，所述第二卫星发送的第一检测信号的信号质量满足第一预设条件。
可选的，所述第一信息具体用于所述第二卫星和所述UE之间的同步或鉴权认证。
可选的，所述第一检测信号的数量与所述多个检测信号的数量相同。
可选的，所述第一检测信号是所述多个检测信号中信号质量满足第二预设条件的检测信号。
可选的，所述第二预设条件包括：接收功率大于或等于第三阈值；和/或，信噪比大于或等于第四阈值。
本申请实施例提供了一种网络设备800，图8示出了本申请实施例的一种网络设备的示意性框图。该网络设备800包括：
存储器810，用于存储可执行指令；
处理器820，用于调用并运行所述存储器810中的所述可执行指令，以实现本申请实施例中的方法。
上述的处理器可能是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法实施例的各步骤可以通过处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器，处理器读取存储器中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。
上述的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(Programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(Electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取 存储器(Static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(Dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(Synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(Double Data Rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(Enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(Synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(Direct Rambus RAM，DR RAM)。
应理解，上述存储器可以集成于处理器中，或者，上述处理器和存储器也可以集成在同一芯片上，也可以分别处于不同的芯片上并通过接口耦合的方式连接。本申请实施例对此不做限定。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有用于实现上述方法实施例中的方法的计算机程序。当该计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得该计算机可以实现上述方法实施例中的方法。
另外，本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系；本申请中术语“至少一个”，可以表示“一个”和“两个或两个以上”，例如，A、B和C中至少一个，可以表示：单独存在A，单独存在B，单独存在C、同时存在A和B，同时存在A和C，同时存在C和B，同时存在A和B和C，这七种情况。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。本领域技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计 算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (31)

  1. 一种卫星通信的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一卫星接收用户设备UE发送的至少一个测量信息，所述至少一个测量信息与至少一个卫星一一对应，每个测量信息用于指示对应的卫星发送的检测信号的信号质量；
    所述第一卫星根据所述至少一个测量信息，从所述至少一个卫星中确定至少一个第二卫星，其中，所述第二卫星发送的检测信号的信号质量满足第一预设条件；
    所述第一卫星向所述UE发送第一信息，所述第一信息用于所述UE与所述第二卫星之间的通信，所述第一信息包括所述第二卫星的标识；和/或，
    所述第一卫星向所述第二卫星发送第二信息，所述第二信息用于所述第二卫星与所述UE之间的通信，所述第二信息包括所述UE的标识。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一信息或所述第二信息具体用于所述第二卫星和所述UE之间的同步或鉴权认证。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一预设条件，包括：
    接收功率大于或等于第一阈值；和/或，
    信噪比大于或等于第二阈值。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一卫星根据所述至少一个测量信息，从所述至少一个卫星中确定至少一个第二卫星，包括：
    所述第一卫星根据所述至少一个测量信息和以下至少一种信息，从所述至少一个卫星中确定至少一个第二卫星：
    所述至少一个卫星中的每个卫星的负载信息、所述至少一个卫星中的每个卫星的星历、所述至少一个卫星中的每个卫星相对于所述UE的过顶时间信息、所述至少一个卫星中的每个卫星相对于所述UE的位置信息。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一卫星向所述第二卫星发送第三信息，所述第三信息用于指示所述第一卫星与所述UE通信时使用的第一时频资源。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一卫星接收所述第二卫星发送的第四信息，所述第四信息用于指示所述第二卫星的空闲时频资源；
    所述第一卫星从所述空闲时频资源中，确定所述第一时频资源。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述至少一个第二卫星是在第一时段确定的，且所述第二卫星属于所述UE的协同卫星集合，所述第一信息和/或所述第二信息用于所述UE与所述协同卫星集合中的每个卫星之间的通信，以及
    所述方法还包括：
    在第二时段，如果所述协同卫星集合以外的第三卫星发送的检测信号的信号质量满足所述第一预设条件，则所述第一卫星将所述第三卫星加入至所述协同卫星集合；
    在第三时段，如果所述协同卫星集合内的第四卫星发送的检测信号的信号质量不满足所述第一预设条件，则所述第一卫星将所述第四卫星从所述协同卫星集合中排除。
  8. 一种卫星通信的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    用户设备UE接收多个检测信号，所述多个检测信号与多个卫星一一对应，每个检测信号是所对应的卫星发送的；
    所述UE向第一卫星发送至少一个测量信息，所述至少一个测量信息与至少一个第一检测信号一一对应，每个测量信息用于指示所对应的第一检测信号的信号质量；
    所述UE接收所述第一卫星发送的第一信息，所述第一信息包括第二卫星的标识，所述第一信息用于所述UE与所述第二卫星之间的通信，所述第二卫星发送的第一检测信号的信号质量满足第一预设条件。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一信息具体用于所述第二卫星和所述UE之间的同步或鉴权认证。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一检测信号的数量与所述多个检测信号的数量相同。
  11. 根据权利要求8或9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一检测信号是所述多个检测信号中信号质量满足第二预设条件的检测信号。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二预设条件包括：
    接收功率大于或等于第三阈值；和/或，
    信噪比大于或等于第四阈值。
  13. 一种卫星通信的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第二卫星向用户设备UE发送检测信号；所述第二卫星接收第一卫星发送的第二信息，所述第二信息用于所述第二卫星与所述UE之间的通信，所述第二信息包括所述UE的标识，所述第二信息是所述第一卫星在确定所述第二卫星发送的检测信号的信号质量满足第一预设条件后发送的。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述第二卫星接收所述第一卫星发送的第三信息，所述第三信息用于指示所述第一卫星与所述UE通信时使用的第一时频资源；所述第二卫星使用所述第一时频资源与所述UE通信。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述述第二卫星向所述第一卫星发送第四信息，所述第四信息用于指示所述第二卫星的空闲时频资源，以使所述第一卫星从所述空闲时频资源中，确定所述第一时频资源。
  16. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    通信接口，用于接收用户设备UE发送的至少一个测量信息，所述至少一个测量信息与至少一个卫星一一对应，每个测量信息用于指示对应的卫星发送的检测信号的信号质量；
    逻辑电路，用于根据所述至少一个测量信息，从所述至少一个卫星中确定至少一个第二卫星，其中，所述第二卫星发送的检测信号的信号质量满足第一预设条件；
    所述通信接口还用于，向所述UE发送第一信息，所述第一信息用于所述UE与所述第二卫星之间的通信，所述第一信息包括所述第二卫星的标识；和/或，
    所述通信接口还用于，向所述第二卫星发送第二信息，所述第二信息用于所述第二卫星与所述UE之间的通信，所述第二信息包括所述UE的标识。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一信息或所述第二信息具体 用于所述第二卫星和所述UE之间的同步或鉴权认证。
  18. 根据权利要求16或17所述的装置，其特征在于，其特征在于，所述第一预设条件，包括：
    接收功率大于或等于第一阈值；和/或，
    信噪比大于或等于第二阈值。
  19. 根据权利要求16至18中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述逻辑电路具体用于，根据所述至少一个测量信息和以下至少一种信息，从所述至少一个卫星中确定至少一个第二卫星：
    所述至少一个卫星中的每个卫星的负载信息、所述至少一个卫星中的每个卫星的星历、所述至少一个卫星中的每个卫星相对于所述UE的过顶时间信息、所述至少一个卫星中的每个卫星相对于所述UE的位置信息。
  20. 根据权利要求16至19中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信接口还用于，向所述第二卫星发送第三信息，所述第三信息用于指示所述通信接口与所述UE通信时使用的第一时频资源。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述通信接口还用于，接收所述第二卫星发送的第四信息，所述第四信息用于指示所述第二卫星的空闲时频资源；
    所述逻辑电路还用于，从所述空闲时频资源中，确定所述第一时频资源。
  22. 根据权利要求16至21中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述至少一个第二卫星是在第一时段确定的，且所述第二卫星属于所述UE的协同卫星集合，所述第一信息和/或所述第二信息用于所述UE与所述协同卫星集合中的每个卫星之间的通信，以及
    在第二时段，如果所述协同卫星集合以外的第三卫星发送的检测信号的信号质量满足所述第一预设条件，则所述逻辑电路还用于，将所述第三卫星加入至所述协同卫星集合；
    在第二时段，如果所述协同卫星集合内的第四卫星发送的检测信号的信号质量不满足所述第一预设条件，则所述逻辑电路还用于，将所述第四卫星从所述协同卫星集合中排除。
  23. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    通信接口，用于接收多个检测信号，所述多个检测信号与多个卫星一一对应，每个检测信号是所对应的卫星发送的；
    所述通信接口还用于，向第一卫星发送至少一个测量信息，所述至少一个测量信息与至少一个第一检测信号一一对应，每个测量信息用于指示所对应的第一检测信号的信号质量；
    所述通信接口还用于，接收所述第一卫星发送的第一信息，所述第一信息包括第二卫星的标识，所述第一信息用于所述UE与所述第二卫星之间的通信，所述第二卫星发送的第一检测信号的信号质量满足第一预设条件。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一信息具体用于所述第二卫星和所述UE之间的同步或鉴权认证。
  25. 根据权利要求23或24所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一检测信号的数量与所述多个检测信号的数量相同。
  26. 根据权利要求23或24所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一检测信号是所述多个 检测信号中信号质量满足第二预设条件的检测信号。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二预设条件包括：
    接收功率大于或等于第三阈值；和/或，
    信噪比大于或等于第四阈值。
  28. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和存储器，所述存储器和所述处理器耦合，所述存储器用于存储计算机程序或指令，所述处理器用于运行计算机程序或指令，以实现如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的方法，或者执行如权利要求8-12中任一项所述的方法，或者执行如权利要求13-15中任一项所述的方法。
  29. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括：
    所述计算机可读介质存储有计算机程序；
    所述计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行权利要求1-7中任一项所述的方法。
  30. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括：
    所述计算机可读介质存储有计算机程序；
    所述计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行权利要求8-12中任一项所述的方法。
  31. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括：
    所述计算机可读介质存储有计算机程序；
    所述计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行权利要求13-15中任一项所述的方法。
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