WO2021209185A1

WO2021209185A1 - Combing machine

Info

Publication number: WO2021209185A1
Application number: PCT/EP2021/054823
Authority: WO
Inventors: René KEHRBUSCH
Original assignee: TRüTZSCHLER GMBH & CO. KG
Priority date: 2020-04-15
Filing date: 2021-02-26
Publication date: 2021-10-21
Also published as: CN115398049A; EP4136283A1; DE102020110332A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a combing machine which is designed to produced combed fibers, comprising at least one combing head (20) with a feed device, wherein the combing head (20) is designed to comb out fibers which are connected together from the feed device and form a fiber tuft (3). The invention is characterized in that at least sensor for detecting burls is arranged in the region of the combing head above or below the fiber tuft or in the region of a stretching mechanism arranged downstream.

Description

Title: Combing Machine

description

The present invention relates to a combing machine with a feed device for interconnected fibers and with at least one combing head which is designed to comb out the interconnected fibers and form a fiber web, with at least one sensor for detecting nits being arranged in the area of the combing head.

Nits are fiber entanglements or fiber knots of different sizes. This can be caused by the inadequate dissolution of the fibers during carding. Another cause can be the gluing of the fibers to one another, since due to the introduction of heat into the fibers during further processing, substances adhering to the fibers such as Flonigtau, finishing agents or impurities that are carried along tend to stick together. This applies not only to cotton, but to many natural fibers. In most cases, neps are recorded together with noils and other impurities on the combing machine, in which the impurities separated in the round and top combs are separated, recorded and evaluated. The separated noils are analyzed with regard to the nits, among other things.

The known method is very complex, since only the separated nits are recorded.

Based on this known prior art, it is the object of the invention to design a device for detecting nits on the combing machine, which is simple and inexpensive and has sufficient accuracy.

The invention is achieved by the features of claims 1, 5 and 10.

The invention relates to a combing machine with at least one feed device for interconnected fibers, as well as a combing head which is designed to comb out the interconnected fibers and to form a fiber web. At least one sensor for detecting nits is arranged in the area of the combing head. The invention is characterized in that the at least one sensor is arranged above the fiber web in a stationary manner or so that it can be moved transversely to a pull-off direction of the fiber web. With a stationary arrangement of the sensors, a sensor can be provided for each combing head, with which the neps can be detected. If the sensor is only used to temporarily examine the quality of the fiber web, it can be detachably arranged and fastened above the fiber web by means of a carrier and can be used variably from combing head to combing head. The movable arrangement of the sensor requires a running rail along which the sensor moves back and forth while monitoring the fiber web of a combing head or several combing heads.

The at least one sensor is preferably arranged on or in a cover of the combing head or heads. It can be swiveled up with the cover when the machine is cleaned or a new wad of cotton is inserted. A part of the cover can be designed as a profile that accommodates a running rail for the movable variant of the sensor arrangement.

In an advantageous embodiment, the at least one sensor is arranged on a support system that bridges at least one combing head. The support system is arranged as an arch or bridge above the fiber web and can accommodate the at least one sensor in a stationary, releasable manner or movable transversely to the take-off direction of the fiber web. The support system can also have a profile in which a running rail is arranged for the movable arrangement of the at least one sensor.

In an advantageous embodiment, the extraction table can be designed in such a way that the fiber web is detected with high contrast. The contrast for the sensor can be increased by making the extractor table, for example, made of stainless steel with a polished or reflective surface that is highly reflective. Alternatively, the extraction table can also be made transparent, for example made of transparent plastic or glass, which is illuminated from below in order to achieve a high contrast with back light. All of the aforementioned embodiments have the advantage that they can be retrofitted to the combing machine or can be retrofitted.

In an alternative embodiment, the at least one sensor is arranged below the fiber web in a stationary manner or so that it can be moved transversely to a withdrawal direction of the fiber web. The sensor is thus preferably arranged within the guide shaft through which the noils are removed. Here the sensor (s) is / are arranged permanently protected and cannot be damaged.

A guide surface which is transparent and / or has at least one opening for detecting the fibers is preferably arranged between the at least one sensor and the fiber web. The at least one sensor can be aimed directly at the fiber web, or can be deflected by means of a mirror or prism, so that the viewing direction of the sensor can be directed sideways or downwards. This can protect the sensor from contamination. In a preferred embodiment, the at least one sensor can be arranged and / or fastened on or within a guide shaft directly or indirectly by means of a support system.

Because the support system has a profile in which a running rail is arranged for the movable arrangement of the at least one sensor, one or more combing heads can be monitored at the same time.

The at least one sensor can preferably be releasably attached to the cover or the support system by means of a carrier. This means that a sensor can be mounted variably from one combing head to the next. With the permanent arrangement of the sensors, the number of neps can be determined, for example to change the settings of the combing machine during the combing process. With the temporary use of a sensor, possible errors on individual combing heads can be determined, for example the condition of the round or top comb.

In a further alternative embodiment, the at least one sensor is arranged in the area of the drafting system for detecting nits. The slivers drawn off by the individual combing heads are combined and drawn in the drafting system. This has the advantage that only one or two sensors are required to record the nits. The width of the capture is smaller than at the individual combing heads.

The at least one sensor is preferably arranged between the drafting system and the sliver funnel. Here the slivers lie evenly on and form a flat surface on both sides, which can preferably be detected from both sides by means of at least one sensor.

The sliver funnel preferably has a transparent cover through which at least one sensor can detect the fibers. This protects the sensor from contamination. In a preferred embodiment, the at least one sensor is arranged, directly or indirectly, by means of a support system on the machine frame or the drafting system hood, in a stationary manner or so that it can be moved transversely to the take-off direction of the slivers. With both variants, permanent installation of the sensor for monitoring the nits is possible. This allows the setting of the combing machine to be changed depending on the combed fiber quality during the combing process.

The at least one sensor can preferably be releasably fastened to the support system, the machine frame or the drafting system hood by means of a carrier. This variant can preferably be provided in order to temporarily detect the number of nits. The sensor with the carrier can thus be used variably for all combing machines.

In all of the embodiments, the feed device can be designed as a lap holder for a lap or as a feed device for a sliver. The invention is therefore not limited to a specific type of combing machine. The number of combing heads usually varies between 4 and 16, but can in principle be any number.

The at least one sensor can preferably communicate with a computer or a control of the combing machine or the spinning mill preparation by means of a data line or wireless connection. In the stationary variant (stationary or movable), the connection of the sensor by means of a data line can be advantageous, since the energy supply can also be secured in addition to the data line. The wireless connection is preferably provided for the mobile version of the sensor, which can be equipped with a small accumulator for power supply.

The at least one sensor is preferably designed as a CCD camera which detects nits by means of image processing. The data volume of the image processing (number of pixels) can be used to determine accuracy, processing speed and the like

Determine the evaluation method, since the determined values can be statistically extrapolated if the fibers are temporarily recorded.

Alternatively, the sensor can be designed as a capacitive sensor with which the deviation (mean value) of a given capacitance can be determined. Depending on the application and the required accuracy, this sensor can represent an inexpensive alternative, since the amount of data to be processed with it is smaller than with a CCD camera.

Further measures improving the invention are shown in more detail below together with the description of a preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention with reference to the figures.

The figures show: FIG. 1: a schematic plan view of a combing machine; FIG. 2: a schematic side view of a combing head of a combing machine;

FIG. 3: a perspective view of part of a comber; FIG. 4: a front view of a covered combing head; FIG. 5: a further illustration of a covered combing head; FIG. 6: a side view of part of a combing head; FIG. 7: a further illustration of part of a combing head; FIG. 8: a perspective view of the drafting device on the sliver funnel; FIG. 9: a further representation of the drafting system of the comber. The comber K shown in Figure 1 has eight combing heads, each fed by a lap roll 1 with a width of 300 mm, for example. Each lap roll 1 has a length of approx. 300 m lap band 4. The combing heads 20 each produce a combed fiber web from the combed wadding band 4, which is combined by a sliver funnel 41 to form a combed fiber band F1 to F8. The sliver funnels 41 are designed as measuring funnels, by means of which the starting sliver mass at each combing head is determined. The slivers F1 to F8 arrive at the discharge table 39 and run through a drafting device 40 to a further sliver funnel 42 which combines all the slivers F1 to F8 into a single sliver which is deposited in a can 10. The sliver funnel 42 is designed as a measuring funnel, by means of which the starting sliver mass on the combing machine is determined.

FIG. 2 shows one of the eight combing heads 20 from FIG. 1, of which at least eight are usually mounted on a combing machine. For reasons of clarity, the exemplary embodiment is shown and described on only one combing head 20, the details shown here are installed on each of these combing heads except for the common drive units and the sliver depository. The combing head 20 consists of two winding rollers 21, 22, of which the front winding roller 21 is connected to a gear 23 which is driven by a motor 24. On the winding rollers 21, 22 lies a lap roll 1, from which the lap strip 4 is unwound by the rotary movement. The lap band 4 is deflected on a roller 25 and transferred to a feed cylinder 26 of a tong assembly 27. On the roller 25, which is also driven here via the gear 23, a pressure roller 30 which is pivotably mounted and is loaded by a lever 28 via a spring 29 is arranged. The tong assembly 27 can be moved back and forth via levers and can be driven via a shaft 31 which is connected to the gear 23. According to the example shown, the tong assembly 27 is in a front position and transfers the combed tuft to a subsequent pair of tear-off rollers 32. A round comb 33 is rotatably mounted below the tong assembly 27, which combs out the tuft presented by the closed tongs via its comb segment. The circular comb 33 is also drive-connected to the gear 23. The wadding tape 4 is wound onto a winding tube 1a. On the feed cylinder 26 a not shown ratchet wheel is attached, which is rotated step by step by the back and forth movement of the pliers unit 27 by a pawl, also not shown, and thereby feeds the wadding 4 to the pliers mouth of the pliers for combing. In operation, the lap band 4 is continuously unrolled by the generated rotational movement of the lap roll 1 over the winding rollers 21, 22 and passes through the nip of the pressure roller 30 with the roller 25 in the area between the nip and the feed cylinder 26. Then the wad is over the Feed cylinder 26 is fed to the tong mouth of the tong assembly 27 for combing and then delivered to the tear-off rollers 32. The resulting fiber web 3 is combined via pairs of take-off rollers 34, 35, 36 and a take-off table 37 to form a sliver F and fed to a drafting device 40 (see FIG. 1) with the slivers also formed on the other combing heads. The fiber web emerging from the drafting system is combined to form a fiber sliver, the so-called combing machine sliver, and transferred to a sliver depository for depositing in a can 10. For the sake of clarity, the cover 2 of the combing heads is not shown in FIG.

The combed single head tape then runs through the take-off roller pairs 35-37 and is discharged by these in the form of a tape or fleece onto the take-off table 37, which is assigned to all the combing heads of the machine together. In this embodiment, the extraction table 37 is arranged below the fiber web 3 and can preferably be designed in such a way that the fiber web 3 is detected with high contrast. The contrast for the sensor 5 can be increased in that the extraction table 37 is made, for example, of high-grade steel with a polished or reflective surface that is highly reflective. Alternatively, the extraction table 37 is also made transparent, for example made of transparent plastic or glass, which is illuminated from below in order to achieve a high contrast with backlight.

The short fibers, neps and impurities removed from the fiber material by the round comb 33 and a top comb 38 are sucked as so-called noils through a guide shaft 15 into a suction channel 16 which is assigned to all the combing heads of the machine. The individual head tapes from the different combing heads of the machine usually run next to each other on the take-off table 37 to the common drafting system 40. A sliver funnel 41 is arranged at the exit of the drafting machine and forms the web into a comber sliver, which is then deposited in a can 10 .

Figure 3 shows a first embodiment of the invention in which only three combing heads of up to 16 combing heads are shown. Three lap rolls 1 lie in a receptacle, the lap sliver 4 being drawn into a combing head (not shown here) and combed out. The resulting fiber web 3 is drawn off via a respective sliver funnel 41 and formed into a sliver. A cover 2 is arranged above the combing heads and is arranged so as to be pivotable about a hinge. The cover 2 is usually provided for a group of combing heads, for example for four combing heads. But it can also be provided for only one or for all combing heads. Part of the cover 2 is designed as a U-shaped profile 6 which is used as a running rail 7 for a sensor 5. The sensor 5 moves in the running rail 7 along the cover 2 and its detection side is directed towards the top of the fiber web 3. By means of a drive 8, the sensor 5 is designed to move along the running rail 7 and, in the process, to detect the combed fiber web 3 for neps by one or more combing heads. The speed of movement of the sensor 5 along the running rail 7 essentially depends on the detection range of the sensor 5 and the take-off speed of the batt 3. Furthermore, the detection accuracy plays a role as to whether only a part of the removed fiber web 3 has to be inspected by means of statistical evaluation, or whether the detection of the neps should take place without gaps. The sensor 5 can be designed, for example, as a CCD camera with a corresponding lens and the wadding belt 4 can be detected in incident light or transmitted light. Alternatively, the running rail 6 can also be assigned to each combing head or a group of combing heads, for example two combing heads, in segments. The sensor 5 then has to move back and forth in the running rail 7 more often, but can seamlessly monitor the resulting fiber web 3. According to the embodiment of Figure 3, the fiber web 3 is detected from its upper side for neps. The data from the sensor 5 can be transmitted via wireless connection to the computer, to control the combing machine or the spinning mill preparation. The sensor 5 can, however, also be connected to the control or the computer of the combing machine and / or the spinning preparation with a partially movable data line which is arranged within the profile 6 or the running rail. FIG. 4 shows a further exemplary embodiment in the front view of a covered combing head, in which each combing head is assigned its own stationary sensor 5. This sensor 5 can, for example, be arranged on a carrier 9 and attached to the profile 6 with the carrier 9. The viewing direction of the sensor 6 can again be directed from above or from the side of the fiber web 3 in order to detect neps. The carrier 9 can be positively arranged and aligned on the profile 6 with centering elements 11, for example with pins, grooves, tongues, etc. In this case from the bottom of the profile 6, or alternatively also from the side or on the top of the profile. A fastening element 12, which can be designed as a magnet, screw, clamping band or adhesive connection, is used to fasten the profile 6 of the cover 2. The carrier 9 can, for example, also be designed in one piece or in one piece with the housing of the sensor. The fastening element 12 can also be formed in one piece or in one piece with the centering element 11. This exemplary embodiment has the advantage that the sensor 5 can be mounted subsequently or variably on the combing machine. With regard to different fiber qualities and the intended further processing, it is not absolutely necessary to examine every fiber mixture for neps. If the processed fiber quality has a high proportion of inferior quality fibers, the sensor 5 can be mounted on the cover 2 and the data from the sensor 5 can be transmitted via wireless connection to the computer, to control the combing machine or the spinning preparation.

FIG. 5 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a device arranged from above the fiber web 3 for the detection of nits. A support system 13 that bridges the width of at least one combing head is arranged between the take-off roller 36 and the tear-off rollers 32 above the fiber web 3 and receives either a stationary sensor 5 or a sensor 5 that is movable transversely to the working direction of the fiber web 3. The support system 13 can be designed as a bridge or arch under which the fiber web 3 is pulled off. In the case of a stationary sensor 5, it is designed to detect the full width of the fiber web 3. In the case of a displaceably arranged sensor 3, the support system 13 has the essential elements of FIG moves. The support system 13 can bridge one or more combing heads and is essentially arranged and fastened on the upper side of the frame of the combing machine. A cover 2, not shown, is designed to cover at least parts of the combing head.

FIG. 6 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a device for detecting nits which is arranged from below the batt 3. A support system 13 is arranged between the take-off rollers 34 and 35 and arranged and fastened to the frame, the frame, in the guide shaft 15 or in the suction channel 16 of the comber. On the support system 13 is a sensor 5 arranged in a stationary manner, which is designed to detect the full width of the fiber web 3 and to examine it for neps. A guide surface 14 is arranged between the sensor 5 and the fiber web 3, which guide surface 14 can be made transparent from glass or plastic. This effectively prevents the sensor 5 from being contaminated.

Alternatively, the guide surface 14 can also have a corresponding slot or opening through which the sensor 5 can detect the fiber web 3 with incident light or transmitted light. The slot or the opening extends over the width of the fiber web 3 and has only a small extent in the working / movement direction of the fiber web, so that the fiber web does not sag at this point. Depending on the design of the lens (with a convex contour without a surrounding frame) of the sensor 5, the negative pressure in the suction can be sufficient to prevent the sensor 5 from becoming dusty or soiled. According to this embodiment, the guide surface can be made of stainless steel with a very low-friction surface that is less prone to contamination than a glass plate or plexiglass pane. In both alternatives of FIG. 6, the sensor 5 can be arranged and fastened in a stationary manner on the support system 13, or it can move along a running rail 7 arranged on the support system 13 transversely to the working / movement direction of the fiber web 3.

FIG. 7 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a device for detecting nits which is arranged from below the batt 3. A support system 13 is arranged between the take-off rollers 34 and 35 and is arranged and fastened from below on a guide surface 14. A sensor 5, which is designed to detect the full width of the fiber web 3 and to examine it for neps, is arranged in a stationary manner on the support system 13. Between the sensor 5 and the fiber web 3, the guide surface 14 is formed transparently from glass or plastic. This effectively prevents the sensor 5 from being soiled. In this exemplary embodiment, the support system 13 is designed as a closed space or, together with the guide surface 14, forms a closed space. This embodiment has the advantage that the sensor 5 is largely protected from the environment. The embodiments of FIGS. 6 and 7 can extend over the width of a single combing head, or over a group of, for example, four combing heads, or over the width of all combing heads or the combing machine.

FIG. 8 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a device for detecting nits. The illustration shows the opened drafting device 40 at the end of the comber K with a view of the sliver funnel 42, in which, after the slivers F1-F8 have been drawn, a single sliver F is drawn off and deposited in a can 10 (not shown). On the machine frame or on the cover of the drafting device 40, a sensor 5 is arranged directly or indirectly, which the fiber fleece F1-F8 between the drafting device 40 and the Sliver funnel 42 detected for nits. In the case of an indirect arrangement, the sensor 5 can be attached to a support system 13, which in turn is arranged on the machine frame or the cover of the drafting system 40. Depending on the arrangement, the sensor 5 can detect the slivers F1-F8 in this representation from the front or from the rear and either be arranged in a stationary manner or be arranged movably on a running rail over the width of the slivers F1-F8. Since the slivers F1-F8 are already combined at this point and are therefore thicker than the batt 3 after the combing heads, it can be useful to detect the neps on both sides from the front and from the back. For this exemplary embodiment in FIG. 8, the cover 17 of the sliver funnel 42 is made transparent so that the sensor or sensors 5 have a clear view of the fibers.

FIG. 9 shows a further direction of view of the opened drafting system 40 at the end of the comber K with a view from the inlet of the slivers F1-F8 into the drafting system 40. Below the drafting system 40, the sliver funnel 42 (not visible here) is arranged, from which a single sliver F is withdrawn into the pot 10, not shown. A carrier 13 is arranged on the drafting device hood, on the profile 6 of which a sensor 5 can be arranged in a stationary manner or in a displaceable manner transversely to the running direction of the slivers F1-F8. A further sensor 5 can be arranged below the slivers F1-F8 between the drafting rollers and the sliver funnel 42, so that the slivers F1-F8 can be detected on both sides.

This arrangement according to FIGS. 8 and 9 has the advantage that the fibers of all combing heads can be detected at one position with only one or two sensors 5. The sensor or sensors 5 are arranged in a protected manner and are not located in the operating area into which the operator has to reach when changing the lap roll 1. The width to be detected by the sensors 5 is smaller than at the combing heads, so that the neps can be detected with greater accuracy despite the higher withdrawal speed.

Reference number

1 cotton swab

1a winding tube

2 cover

3 fiber pile

4 wadding tape

5 sensor

6 profile

7 track

8 drive

9 carriers

10 jug 11 centering element 12 fastening element

13 Support system

14 guide surface

15 guide shaft

16 suction channel 17 cover 20 comb heads

21, 22 winding roller

23 transmission

24 engine

25 roller

26 feed cylinders

27 gripper unit

28 levers

29 spring

30 pressure roller

31 wave

32 tear-off rollers

33 round comb

34, 35, 36 take-off rollers

37 Fume cupboard

38 top comb

39 Exit table

40 drafting system

41 sliver funnel

42 sliver funnel

F, F1 - F8 sliver K comber

Claims

1. Combing machine with a feed device for interconnected fibers and with at least one combing head (20) which is designed to comb out the interconnected fibers and to form a fiber web (3), with at least one sensor in the region of the at least one combing head (20) (5) to capture

Nits is arranged, characterized in that the at least one sensor (5) is arranged fixed above the fiber web (3) or can be moved transversely to a withdrawal direction of the fiber web (3).

2. Combing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one sensor (5) is arranged on or in a cover (2) of the combing head or heads (20).

3. Combing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one sensor (5) is arranged on a support system (13) which bridges at least one combing head (20).

4. Combing machine according to one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the cover (2) or the support system (13) has a profile (6) in which a running rail

(7) is arranged for the movable arrangement of the at least one sensor (5).

5. Combing machine with a feed device for interconnected fibers and with at least one combing head (20) which is designed to comb out the interconnected fibers and to form a fiber web (3), with at least one sensor in the region of the at least one combing head (20) (5) to capture

Nits is arranged, characterized in that the at least one sensor (5) is arranged below the fiber web (3) in a stationary manner or can be moved transversely to a withdrawal direction of the fiber web (3).

6. Combing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that a guide surface (14) is arranged between the at least one sensor (5) and the fiber web (3), which is transparent and / or has at least one opening for detecting the fibers.

7. Combing machine according to one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that the at least one sensor is arranged and / or fastened on or within a guide shaft (15) directly or indirectly by means of a support system (13).

8. Combing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the support system (13) has a profile (6) in which a running rail (7) is arranged for the movable arrangement of the at least one sensor (5).

9. Combing machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one sensor (5) can be releasably fastened by means of a carrier (9) on the cover (2) or the support system (13).

10. Combing machine with a feed device for interconnected fibers and with at least one combing head (20) which is designed to comb out the interconnected fibers and to form a fiber web (3), a fiber sliver being produced from each fiber web (3) that alone or with other slivers (F1-F8) in a drafting device (40) and is deformed into a sliver (F) by means of a sliver funnel (42), characterized in that at least one sensor (5) is used in the area of the drafting device (40) Detection of nits is arranged.

11. Combing machine according to Claim 10, characterized in that the at least one sensor (5) is arranged between the drafting device (40) and the sliver funnel (42).

12. Combing machine according to claim 11, characterized in that the sliver funnel (42) has a transparent cover (17).

13. Combing machine according to claim 10 to 11, characterized in that at least one sensor (5) is arranged on both sides of the sliver or slivers (F1-F8).

14. Combing machine according to claim 10 to 13, characterized in that the at least one sensor (5) is arranged fixed or transversely to the take-off direction of the slivers (F1-F8) directly or indirectly by means of a support system (13) on the machine frame or the drafting hood.

15. Combing machine according to claim 14, characterized in that the at least one sensor (5) can be releasably attached to the support system (13), the machine frame or the drafting device hood by means of a carrier.

16. Combing machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the feed device is designed as a lap holder for a lap lap (1) or as a feed device for a sliver.

17. Combing machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one sensor (5) by means of a data line or wireless connection communicates with a computer or a control of the comber or the spinning preparation.

18. Combing machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one sensor is designed as a CCD camera which detects nits by means of image processing.