WO2021203922A1 - 一种通信方法和装置 - Google Patents

一种通信方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021203922A1
WO2021203922A1 PCT/CN2021/080977 CN2021080977W WO2021203922A1 WO 2021203922 A1 WO2021203922 A1 WO 2021203922A1 CN 2021080977 W CN2021080977 W CN 2021080977W WO 2021203922 A1 WO2021203922 A1 WO 2021203922A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
indication information
timing advance
candidate cell
terminal device
base station
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/080977
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴烨丹
耿婷婷
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP21785490.0A priority Critical patent/EP4102899A4/en
Publication of WO2021203922A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021203922A1/zh
Priority to US17/951,071 priority patent/US20230013195A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/004—Synchronisation arrangements compensating for timing error of reception due to propagation delay
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/004—Synchronisation arrangements compensating for timing error of reception due to propagation delay
    • H04W56/0045—Synchronisation arrangements compensating for timing error of reception due to propagation delay compensating for timing error by altering transmission time
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
    • H04B7/1853—Satellite systems for providing telephony service to a mobile station, i.e. mobile satellite service
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0055—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link
    • H04W36/0072—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link of resource information of target access point
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/001—Synchronization between nodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/004—Synchronisation arrangements compensating for timing error of reception due to propagation delay
    • H04W56/005—Synchronisation arrangements compensating for timing error of reception due to propagation delay compensating for timing error by adjustment in the receiver

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of communication, and more specifically, to a communication method and device.
  • UE terminal equipment
  • time and frequency orthogonal multiple access orthogonal multiple access
  • the base station requires signals from different UEs in the same subframe but with different frequency domain resources to arrive at the base station at substantially the same time.
  • LTE long term evolution
  • NR new radio
  • satellite broadcast common timing advance can be used to ensure time synchronization on the receiving side.
  • common TA in the prior art The mechanism only involves idle UEs, and does not involve the handover process for connected UEs, and because the satellite is in flight, the common TA will continue to change, and only relying on the existing mechanism will make the UE receive The common TA is not accurate.
  • the present application provides a communication method and device.
  • the base station sends the common time advance of the candidate cell, so that the terminal device can send the preamble more accurately in the handover scenario.
  • a communication method includes: a terminal device receives first indication information, the first indication information includes a common timing advance of at least one candidate cell, and the first indication information is used to notify The at least one candidate cell of the terminal device is in a handover allowed state; the terminal device sends a random access preamble to a target candidate cell according to the first timing advance, and the target candidate cell is the at least one candidate cell In one of them, the first timing advance is a common timing advance of the target candidate cell.
  • the terminal device can send the preamble more accurately in the handover scenario.
  • the first indication information further includes: the correspondence between multiple common timing advances and multiple times of the at least one candidate cell;
  • the method further includes: the terminal device determines a first timing advance corresponding to a first moment according to the corresponding relationship, and the first moment is determined by the terminal device according to the time of initiating random access to a target candidate cell,
  • the target candidate cell is one of the at least one candidate cell.
  • the first indication information further includes information about the type of the at least one candidate cell, and the type includes a satellite communication type and/or a private network type.
  • the terminal device can select a more suitable cell for access according to the type information of the candidate cell, thereby improving the quality of communication.
  • the first indication information further includes a first preset condition
  • the method further includes: the terminal device judging a target candidate that meets the preset condition Community.
  • the terminal device receives second indication information sent by the one target candidate cell, where the second indication information includes a second timing advance, and the first The second timing advance is a positive number, or the second timing advance is a negative number.
  • the problem of improper selection of reference points in the NTN scene is adjusted, so that the timing advance received by the terminal device is more accurate.
  • the terminal device sends third indication information to the one target candidate cell according to a third timing advance, and the third indication information includes a reconfiguration complete message ,
  • the third timing advance is obtained by adding the first timing advance and the second timing advance.
  • the corresponding relationships of the multiple candidate cells of the same base station are the same.
  • a communication method includes: sending first indication information to a terminal device, where the first indication information includes a common timing advance of a candidate base station, and the first indication information is used to notify all The at least one candidate cell of the terminal device is in a handover allowed state; and the random access preamble sent by the terminal device according to the first timing advance is received.
  • the terminal device can send the preamble more accurately in the handover scenario.
  • the first indication information further includes: the correspondence between multiple common timing advances of the candidate base station and multiple times; and receiving the terminal The random access preamble sent by the device according to the first timing advance.
  • the terminal device can send the preamble more accurately in the handover scenario, thereby improving the success rate of the base station in processing the preamble and increasing the randomness The success rate of access.
  • the first indication information further includes information about the type of the candidate base station, and the type includes a satellite communication type and/or a private network type.
  • the terminal device can select a more suitable cell for access according to the type information of the candidate cell, thereby improving the quality of communication.
  • the first indication information further includes a first preset condition, and the preset condition is used by the terminal device to determine a target that satisfies the preset condition Candidate base station.
  • second indication information is sent to the terminal device, where the second indication information includes a second timing advance, and the second timing advance is the The candidate base station is determined according to the random access preamble, and the second timing advance is a positive number, or the second timing advance is a negative number.
  • the problem of improper selection of reference points in the NTN scene is adjusted, so that the timing advance received by the terminal device is more accurate.
  • a communication device in a third aspect, includes: a receiving module configured to receive first indication information, the first indication information including a common timing advance of at least one candidate cell, and the first indication information It is used to notify the communication device that the at least one candidate cell is in the handover allowed state; the sending module is used to send a random access preamble to a target candidate cell according to the first time advance, and the target candidate cell is the One of at least one candidate cell, and the first timing advance is a common timing advance of the target candidate cell.
  • the terminal device can send the preamble more accurately in the handover scenario.
  • the first indication information further includes: the correspondence between multiple common timing advances and multiple times of the at least one candidate cell;
  • the device further includes: a processing module, configured to determine a first timing advance corresponding to a first moment according to the corresponding relationship, the first moment being determined by the communication device according to the time of initiating random access to a target candidate cell ,
  • the target candidate cell is one of the at least one candidate cell.
  • the terminal device can send the preamble more accurately in the handover scenario, thereby improving the success rate of the base station in processing the preamble and increasing the random access The success rate of entry.
  • the first indication information further includes information about the type of the at least one candidate cell, and the type includes a satellite communication type and/or a private network type.
  • the terminal device can select a more suitable cell for access according to the type information of the candidate cell, thereby improving the quality of communication.
  • the first indication information further includes a first preset condition
  • the processing module is further configured to determine a target candidate cell that meets the preset condition.
  • the receiving module is further configured to: receive second indication information sent by the one target candidate cell, where the second indication information includes a second timing advance ,
  • the second timing advance is a positive number, or the second timing advance is a negative number.
  • the problem of improper selection of reference points in the NTN scene is adjusted, so that the timing advance received by the terminal device is more accurate.
  • the sending module is further configured to: send third indication information to the one target candidate cell according to a third timing advance, the third indication information including reconfiguration After completing the message, the third timing advance is obtained by adding the first timing advance and the second timing advance.
  • the corresponding relationships of the multiple candidate cells of the same base station are the same.
  • a communication device in a fourth aspect, includes: a sending module configured to send first indication information to a terminal device, the first indication information including a common timing advance of a candidate base station, and the first indication The information is used to inform the terminal device that the at least one candidate cell is in a handover allowed state; the receiving module is used to receive the random access preamble sent by the terminal device according to the first timing advance.
  • the terminal device can send the preamble more accurately in the handover scenario.
  • the first indication information further includes: a correspondence between multiple common timing advances of the communication device and multiple times.
  • the terminal device can send the preamble more accurately in the handover scenario, thereby improving the success rate of the base station in processing the preamble and increasing the randomness The success rate of access.
  • the first indication information further includes information about the type of the communication device, and the type includes a satellite communication type and/or a private network type.
  • the terminal device can select a more suitable cell for access according to the type information of the candidate cell, thereby improving the quality of communication.
  • the first indication information further includes a first preset condition, and the preset condition is used by the terminal device to determine a target that satisfies the preset condition Candidate base station.
  • the sending module is further configured to: send second indication information to the terminal device, where the second indication information includes a second timing advance, and the second The timing advance is determined by the communication device according to the random access preamble, and the second timing advance is a positive number, or the second timing advance is a negative number.
  • the problem of improper selection of reference points in the NTN scene is adjusted, so that the timing advance received by the terminal device is more accurate.
  • a communication device in a fifth aspect, includes: a receiving module configured to receive first indication information sent by at least one candidate base station, where the first indication information includes a common timing advance of at least one candidate cell, The first indication information is used to inform the terminal device that the at least one candidate cell is in a handover allowed state; a sending module is used to send the first indication information to the terminal device.
  • the terminal device can send the preamble more accurately in the handover scenario, thereby increasing the success rate of the base station in processing the preamble and increasing the success rate of random access.
  • the first indication information further includes: a correspondence between multiple common timing advances and multiple times of the at least one candidate cell.
  • the terminal device can send the preamble more accurately in the handover scenario, thereby improving the success rate of the base station in processing the preamble and increasing the random access The success rate of entry.
  • the apparatus further includes: a processing module, configured to send multiple second information sent by multiple candidate base stations before sending the first indication information to the terminal device.
  • a processing module configured to send multiple second information sent by multiple candidate base stations before sending the first indication information to the terminal device.
  • One instruction information is integrated into one first instruction information.
  • the first indication information further includes information about the type of the at least one candidate base station, and the type includes a satellite communication type and/or a private network type.
  • the terminal device can select a more suitable cell for access according to the type information of the candidate cell, thereby improving the quality of communication.
  • the first indication information further includes a first preset condition, and the first preset condition is used by the terminal device to determine that the preset condition is satisfied The target candidate base station.
  • a communication device including a processor, a memory, the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to call and run the computer program from the memory, so that the communication device executes the first aspect and its Methods in various possible implementations.
  • a communication device including a processor, a memory, the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to call and run the computer program from the memory, so that the communication device executes the second aspect and its Methods in various possible implementations.
  • a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, and the computer program includes instructions for executing the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.
  • a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, and the computer program includes instructions for executing the method in the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.
  • a computer program product including a computer program, which when running on a computer device, causes the computer device to execute the method described in the first aspect.
  • a computer program product including a computer program, which when running on a computer device, causes the computer device to execute the method described in the second aspect.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a random access process in the prior art.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the common TA mechanism in the NTN scenario.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a handover process according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a condition switching process in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a handover procedure under the CU-DU architecture of an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of another communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of another communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • WCDMA wideband code division multiple access
  • LTE long-term evolution
  • 5G fifth generation
  • NR new radio
  • the communication device described in this application refers to a network element in a communication system, such as a terminal, a base station (a source base station or a target base station), and core network equipment.
  • the terminal equipment in the embodiments of this application may refer to user equipment, access terminals, user units, user stations, mobile stations, mobile stations, remote stations, remote terminals, mobile equipment, user terminals, terminals, wireless communication equipment, user agents, or User device.
  • the terminal device can also be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), with wireless communication Functional handheld devices, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, terminal devices in the future 5G network, or future evolution of the public land mobile network (PLMN) Terminal equipment, etc., this embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • SIP session initiation protocol
  • WLL wireless local loop
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • a base station can also be called a base station device, which is a network device deployed on a wireless access network to provide wireless communication functions.
  • the name of the base station may be different in different wireless access systems.
  • the base station is called NodeB (NodeB)
  • the base station in the LTE network is called NodeB.
  • NodeB NodeB
  • eNB evolved NodeB
  • TRP Transmission Reception Point
  • gNodeB gNodeB
  • the base station can contain one or more co-site or non-co-site TRPs.
  • the base station may also be a wireless controller, a centralized unit (CU), and/or a distributed unit (DU) in a cloud radio access network (cloud radio access network, CRAN) scenario.
  • the base station can also be a server, a wearable device, or a vehicle-mounted device, and a non-ground device such as a satellite.
  • the base station is used for the description below.
  • the base station in the present invention may also be a user equipment in device-to-device D2D (Device to Device).
  • the base station and user equipment in the present invention may also be relay equipment, or network equipment or user equipment that implements a relay function.
  • the base station may have a centralized unit (centralized unit, CU) and distributed unit (distributed unit, DU) separated architecture.
  • the RAN can be connected to a core network (for example, it can be an LTE core network, or a 5G core network, etc.).
  • CU and DU can be understood as the division of the base station from the perspective of logical functions.
  • CU and DU can be physically separated or deployed together.
  • Multiple DUs can share one CU.
  • One DU can also be connected to multiple CUs.
  • the CU and the DU can be connected through an interface, for example, an F1 interface.
  • CU and DU can be divided according to the protocol layer of the wireless network.
  • CU is used to implement the radio resource control (radio resource control, RRC) layer, the service data adaptation protocol (service data adaptation protocol, SDAP) layer, and the packet data convergence layer protocol (packet data convergence) layer.
  • Protocol, PDCP radio link control
  • DU is used to perform radio link control (radio link control, RLC) layer, media access control (media access control, MAC) layer, physical (physical) layer and other functions.
  • the CU or DU can also be divided into part of the processing functions with the protocol layer.
  • part of the functions of the RLC layer and the functions of the protocol layer above the RLC layer are set in the CU, and the remaining functions of the RLC layer and the functions of the protocol layer below the RLC layer are set in the DU.
  • the functions of the CU or DU can also be divided according to service types or other system requirements. For example, it is divided by time delay, and the functions whose processing time needs to meet the delay requirement are set in the DU, and the functions that do not need to meet the delay requirement are set in the CU.
  • One or more CUs can be set centrally or separately.
  • the CU can be set on the network side to facilitate centralized management.
  • the DU can have multiple radio frequency functions, or the radio frequency functions can be set remotely.
  • the functions of the CU can be implemented by one entity or by different entities.
  • the functions of the CU can be further divided.
  • the control panel (CP) and the user panel (UP) can be separated, that is, the CU control plane (CU-CP) and the CU user plane (CU) are separated.
  • -UP the CU-CP and CU-UP may be implemented by different functional entities, and the CU-CP and CU-UP may be coupled with the DU to jointly complete the function of the base station.
  • uplink transmission different UEs have orthogonal multiple access in time and frequency, that is, the uplink transmissions of different UEs from the same cell do not interfere with each other.
  • the base station requires signals from different UEs in the same subframe but with different frequency domain resources to arrive at the base station at substantially the same time. As long as the base station receives the uplink data sent by the UE within the cyclic prefix range, it can decode the uplink data correctly. Therefore, uplink synchronization requires that the signals from different UEs in the same subframe arrive at the base station at the time of the cyclic prefix. Within range.
  • timing advance is essentially a negative offset (negative offset) between the start time of receiving the downlink subframe and the time of transmitting the uplink subframe.
  • the base station can control the time at which uplink signals from different UEs arrive at the base station by appropriately controlling the offset of each UE. For example, for a UE far away from the base station, due to a larger transmission delay, it is necessary to send uplink data earlier than a UE closer to the base station.
  • the base station has two ways to inform the UE of its TA.
  • the base station determines the TA value by measuring the received preamble, and sends it to the UE through the timing advance of the random access response (RAR). This process is the "initial uplink synchronization process".
  • RAR random access response
  • the base station needs to maintain the timing advance information.
  • any signal sent by the UE can be used to measure the timing advance.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic flow chart of a base station informing the UE of its TA in a random access process in the prior art.
  • the random access process includes steps S110 to S150. S110.
  • Random access initialization parameters are configured. These parameters may include: physical random access channel (PRACH) resource set that can be used to transmit random access preamble (RAP) ; Available random access preamble group (group A or B) and available preamble set in each group; maximum transmission times of the preamble; initial transmission power of the preamble; power increase step size; random access response window; third Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) maximum retransmission times of the message; contention resolution timer, etc.
  • PRACH physical random access channel
  • RAP random access preamble
  • Available random access preamble group group A or B
  • HARQ Hybrid automatic repeat request
  • S120 The terminal device sends a random access preamble to the network device.
  • the function of the random access preamble is mainly to notify the network device that there is a random access request and enable the network device to estimate the transmission delay between it and the terminal device. So that the access network equipment can calibrate the uplink timing and notify the terminal equipment of the calibration information through the timing advance command.
  • S130. The terminal device receives a random access response (RAR) sent by the network device, where the RAR includes an uplink timing advance, and the uplink timing advance is determined by the network device according to the received random access preamble.
  • RAR random access response
  • S140 The terminal device sends a message based on scheduled transmission to the network device.
  • S150 The terminal device receives the contention resolution message sent by the network device, and confirms that the random access process is successful.
  • the 5G NR system also supports a two-step random access method.
  • the two-step random access method includes the terminal device sending the first message to the base station.
  • a message may include a preamble and/or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), and the base station sends a second message to the terminal device.
  • the second message may include a response message, and the response message may include temporary C-RNTI information.
  • Time advance command (TA command) information, uplink authorization information, contention resolution identification, etc. because the two-step random access method belongs to the prior art, this application will not elaborate on this too much.
  • the embodiments of the present application are not only applicable to the four-step random access method in FIG. 1, but are also applicable to the two-step random access method.
  • Satellite communications that is, non-terrestrial communications. Thanks to the current concept of "any time, any place” communication, the status of satellite communication networks will be further improved in the future.
  • the higher the satellite's orbit the larger the coverage area, but the longer the communication delay.
  • the orbits of satellites can be classified according to their altitudes: low earth orbit (LEO): the orbit height is 160-2000km; middle earth (middle earth orbit, MEO): the orbit height is 2,000-35786km; stationary Orbit (geostationary earth orbit, GEO): The orbit height is 35786km, and the relative position of the satellite and the earth in this orbit is not affected by the rotation of the earth.
  • low-orbit communication satellites are close to the ground, have short communication delays, and have high data transmission rates.
  • the weight and volume of mobile terminals are almost the same as those of personal mobile devices. They are more suitable for popularization in the mass market and have become a hot spot for current industrial development.
  • the timing advance mechanism designed by the current NR system cannot be applied to satellite communication.
  • the timing advance sent to the UE carried in the random access response message sent by the base station can cover a range of about 300km, while the low-orbit satellite in satellite communication has an orbital height of 160-2000km.
  • the timing advance mechanism of the prior art cannot adapt to satellite communication.
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of the principle of the common TA mechanism in the NTN scenario. Specifically, the satellite is on the ground. Select a reference point, which is generally the closest point between the satellite and the ground. The distance is d0. The TA representing this distance is the common TA.
  • the TA sent by the base station to the UE is the UE-specific TA in Figure 2, because the TA value
  • the distance of the common TA has been subtracted and it becomes not so large, so it can be represented by the 12 bits in the timing advance command field in the RAR, and then the UE can obtain the TA value of the transmitted data according to the UE specific TA and common TA.
  • the current common TA mechanism only involves the random access of idle UEs. It informs the UE by broadcasting the common TA through satellites, and then the UE sends a random access preamble to the target cell according to the received common TA, and initiates as shown in the figure below.
  • the random access process shown in 1 in the random access process, the base station informs the UE of the UE's TA.
  • the common TA has not been applied to the random access in the handover process of the connected UE. enter. If only the common TA information is sent to the UE as a handover confirmation message, the common TA will continue to change during the flight of the satellite, which will also cause the common TA received by the UE to be inaccurate.
  • the UE by sending indication information containing the public timing advance of at least one candidate cell to the UE, the UE can send random access preambles to the target candidate cell according to the received public timing advance, thereby improving the base station's processing of the preamble. Then increase the success rate of random access during the handover process.
  • the method 300 includes steps S310 to S320, and these steps are described in detail below.
  • the terminal device receives first indication information, where the first indication information includes a common timing advance of at least one candidate cell.
  • the first indication information is used to inform the terminal device that the at least one candidate cell is in a handover allowed state.
  • the foregoing first indication information may be at least one first indication information sent by a base station to which at least one candidate cell belongs.
  • the foregoing first indication information may be sent by a base station to which at least one candidate cell belongs through a handover confirmation message.
  • the aforementioned handover confirmation message is received by the source base station of the currently connected cell, and the source base station transparently transmits the handover confirmation message to the terminal device.
  • the source base station can convert the handover confirmation message into a handover command or an RRC reconfiguration message. Send to the terminal device.
  • the above candidate cell may be a target cell in a normal handover process, or may be one of at least one candidate cell in a conditional handover process.
  • the first indication information may also include a correspondence between multiple common timing advances and multiple time instants of at least one candidate cell.
  • the aforementioned candidate cell may be a target cell in a normal handover process, or may be one of at least one candidate cell in a conditional handover process.
  • the multiple moments may be absolute moments or relative moments, such as the system frame number SFN.
  • the first indication information may include information about the type of at least one candidate cell, and the type may include a satellite communication type and/or a private network type.
  • This type of information can be NTN-related information, such as GEO cells, LEO cells (such as fixed cell mode and moving cell mode); it can also be private network (non-public network, NPN) related information, such as standalone non -public network (SNPN) cell, closed access network (closed access froup, CAG) cell, etc.
  • this type of information may further include an identifier.
  • an SNPN cell may include a standalone non-public network identifier (SNPN ID)
  • a CAG cell may include a CAG ID.
  • the first indication information may also include priority information of the cell type.
  • the priority information of the cell type may indicate the priority of a certain candidate cell type.
  • the first indication information may indicate that the NTN cell is the first priority, the NPN cell is the second priority, and the PLMN cell (ie the public network cell) is the third priority, that is, the source base station considers the priority among multiple candidate cells
  • the arrangement is: NTN cell is higher than NPN cell, and NPN cell is higher than PLMN cell.
  • the terminal device can select a more suitable cell for access before handover, thereby improving the communication quality.
  • the above type information can be applied to the common TA mechanism in the NTN scenario, and can also be applied to the cell handover in the ground base station, which is not limited in this application.
  • S320 The terminal device sends a random access preamble to a target candidate cell according to the first timing advance.
  • the target candidate cell is one of the at least one candidate cell
  • the first timing advance is a common timing advance of the target candidate cell
  • S320 may further include: the terminal device determines the first timing advance corresponding to the first moment according to the corresponding relationship, and the first time period is the terminal device according to the The time for initiating random access to a target candidate cell is determined, and the target candidate cell is one of at least one candidate cell.
  • the moments in the correspondence between the multiple public time advances and the multiple moments are discretely distributed, and the time for the terminal device to initiate random access can be any time, and the terminal device can be based on the time when the random access is initiated. Time select the appropriate time from the corresponding relationship and the corresponding time advance.
  • the terminal device may determine the first moment according to the time when the random access is initiated, thereby determining the corresponding time advance.
  • the first moment may be 10, and the corresponding common TA is 6000.
  • the terminal device may also according to the preset condition in the first indication information, (for example, the signal strength of the source cell and the candidate cell, the source cell And the channel quality of the candidate cell, the location information of the UE, the location information of the candidate base station, etc.) to determine the target candidate cell that meets the preset conditions.
  • the preset condition in the first indication information for example, the signal strength of the source cell and the candidate cell, the source cell And the channel quality of the candidate cell, the location information of the UE, the location information of the candidate base station, etc.
  • the base station to which a target candidate cell belongs may send the second indication information to the terminal device through the TA command in the RAR, and the second indication information may include the second time advance
  • the second timing advance may be determined by the base station according to the random access preamble.
  • the second timing advance can be a positive number or a negative number.
  • the second timing advance determined by the base station according to the preamble sent by the terminal device has taken the common TA into consideration, and it is generally the TA of the UE minus the common TA, such as the UE specific TA in FIG. 2.
  • the reference point selected by default is the point closest to the ground, so the second timing advance obtained by the base station is all positive, but if the selected reference point is not between the satellite and the ground
  • the shortest distance of the common TA is larger than the actual TA of the UE.
  • the TA carried in the RAR may be a negative number, but in the existing mechanism, the TA carried in the RAR is a positive number, so a negative number can be introduced TA value.
  • the terminal device may add the first timing advance and the second timing advance to obtain the third timing advance, and according to the third timing advance
  • the third message is sent to a target candidate cell to inform the completion of the handover of the cell to be accessed.
  • the foregoing third message may be a reconfiguration complete message, or an RRC connection request message, an RRC connection reestablishment request, a C-RNTI MAC control unit, and so on.
  • the third message may be a C-RNTI MAC control unit.
  • the correspondence between multiple candidate cells provided by the same base station is the same.
  • the correspondence between multiple common timing advances and multiple times in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to the cell handover process of the UE in the connected state, and can also be applied to the random access process of the UE in the idle state. , This application does not restrict this.
  • the instruction information sent by the base station can be sent to one terminal device or multiple terminal devices. If the base station sends the instruction information to multiple terminal devices, the instruction information may also include multiple terminal devices. For the group identification, group index, and intra-cell identification of the UE, this application does not limit the number of terminal devices.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic flowchart of a handover process according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the UE performs cell measurement according to the measurement configuration issued by the base station before. When the measurement report conditions are met, the UE will send the measurement report to the base station.
  • S420: The base station decides to handover according to the measurement configuration reported by the UE, and determines the target cell.
  • the target cell may also be referred to as a candidate cell.
  • S430 The source base station to which the currently connected cell belongs sends a handover request message to the target base station to which the target cell belongs.
  • S440 The target base station sends a handover confirmation message to the source base station.
  • the target base station decides whether to allow the UE's access according to the number of connections in the target cell, etc., if allowed, the target base station sends a handover confirmation message to the source base station.
  • the handover confirmation message contains the public time advance of the target cell, and may further include Correspondence between multiple common timing advances and multiple times of the target cell.
  • the handover confirmation message may also include information about the type of the target cell, for example, the type may include a satellite communication type and/or a private network type.
  • This type of information can be NTN-related information, such as GEO cells, LEO cells (such as fixed cell mode and moving cell mode); it can also be private network (non-public network, NPN) related information, such as standalone non -public network (SNPN) cell, closed access network (Closed Access Group, CAG) cell, etc.
  • NPN non-public network
  • this type of information may further include an identifier.
  • an SNPN cell may include a standalone non-public network identifier (SNPN ID)
  • a CAG cell may include a CAG ID.
  • the handover confirmation message may also include priority information of the cell type.
  • the priority information of the cell type may indicate the priority of a certain candidate cell type.
  • the handover confirmation message may indicate that the NTN cell is the first priority, the NPN cell is the second priority, and the PLMN cell (that is, the public network cell) is the third priority, that is, the source base station considers the priority of multiple candidate cells to be arranged It is: NTN cell is higher than NPN cell, and NPN cell is higher than PLMN cell.
  • the terminal device can preferentially select the high-priority candidate cell as its target Community.
  • S450 The source base station sends a handover command message, that is, an RRC reconfiguration message, to the UEs.
  • the content contained in it comes from the handover confirmation message of S440, which is equivalent to that the source base station is transparent.
  • S470 The UE sends a preamble to the target base station according to the selected common TA, and tries to perform random access.
  • S480 The base station places the TA that needs to be adjusted by the UE in the RAR according to the received preamble.
  • the TA may be positive or negative.
  • S490 The UE can obtain the TA used to send the reconfiguration complete message according to the TA in the received RAR plus the common TA used to send the preamble.
  • the above application embodiments can be applied to the NTN scenario, when LEO/GEO is used as an independent base station connected to the core network, or can be applied to the scenario where LEO/GEO is used as a relay base station and connected to a ground base station, this application There is no restriction on this.
  • the terminal device can send the preamble more accurately in the handover scenario, improve the success rate of the base station in processing the preamble, and then increase the success rate of random access.
  • the terminal device can send the preamble more accurately in the handover scenario, and improve the base station's processing of the preamble.
  • the success rate of random access which in turn increases the success rate of random access.
  • the prior art proposes a conditional handover (CHO) mechanism to improve the handover success rate.
  • the source base station sends the CHO configuration information to the UE when the source link quality is good.
  • the CHO configuration information may include the CHO trigger condition and the information of one or more cells to be accessed (for example, the cell global identity of the candidate cell). identifier, CGI), or physical cell identifier (physical cell identifier, PCI) of the candidate cell and frequency information corresponding to the candidate cell).
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic flowchart of a condition switching process in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 5, the UE performs measurement according to the measurement configuration issued by the base station before.
  • the UE When the measurement report conditions are met, the UE will send the measurement report to the base station.
  • the handover confirmation message may also include handover conditions.
  • the handover conditions may include, for example, the signal strength of the source cell and the candidate cell, the channel quality of the source cell and the candidate cell, the location information of the UE, and the location information of the candidate base station.
  • S550 The source base station sends a conditional handover command (also an RRC reconfiguration message), where the handover command includes the handover confirmation message in S540, which is equivalent to that the source base station is transparent.
  • the handover command can include the cell of each candidate base station
  • the common timing advance of the cell of each candidate base station may include multiple common timing advances of the cell of each candidate base station and the corresponding relationship between multiple times.
  • the source base station may also set multiple The handover confirmation message sent by the candidate base station is placed in the same conditional handover command.
  • S560 When the UE judges that the current situation satisfies the handover condition, it selects a suitable target candidate cell, and according to the common time advance of the target candidate cell in the handover message, or according to the correspondence between multiple common TAs of the target candidate cell and multiple times The relationship chooses the appropriate common TA to send the preamble. The remaining steps are the same as those in Figure 4, and will not be repeated here.
  • the above application embodiments can be applied to the NTN scenario, when LEO/GEO is used as an independent base station connected to the core network, or can be applied to the scenario where LEO/GEO is used as a relay base station and connected to a ground base station, this application There is no restriction on this.
  • Each candidate base station sends the indication information of the cell of the base station including multiple common timing advances and the corresponding relationship between multiple times to the terminal device, so that the terminal device can send the preamble more accurately in the handover scenario. Improve the success rate of the base station in processing the preamble, and then increase the success rate of random access.
  • Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a handover procedure under the CU-DU architecture in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the UE performs measurement according to the measurement configuration issued by the base station before. When the measurement report condition is met, the UE will send the measurement report to the source DU.
  • the source DU sends a measurement report to the CU, and optionally, forwards it through an uplink RRC message.
  • S630 The CU sends a group switching request to the target DU, which may also be referred to as a candidate DU, and optionally, a UE context establishment request message.
  • S640 sends a group switching request to the target DU, which may also be referred to as a candidate DU, and optionally, a UE context establishment request message.
  • the target DU sends a group handover confirmation message to the CU, which includes the public time advance of the cell of the target DU, or alternatively, the handover confirmation message may also include multiple public time advances and multiple public time advances of the cell of the target DU.
  • S650 The CU sends a group switching command to the source DU, optionally, through the UE context modification request message.
  • the source DU sends a handover command message, that is, an RRC reconfiguration message, to UEs, which may include the common timing advance of the cell of the target DU, or may further include multiple timing advances of the target DU and multiple time intervals.
  • S670 Modify the response message through the UE context.
  • S680 The UE selects an appropriate timing advance to establish a random access procedure with the target DU.
  • S690 The target DU sends a group handover complete message, which is optionally forwarded through an uplink RRC message.
  • S6100 The target DU sends an RRC reconfiguration complete message to the CU.
  • S6100 The CU sends a UE context release command to the source DU.
  • S6120 The source DU sends a UE context release complete message to the CU.
  • the above application embodiment relates to the handover process within the CU.
  • the cell handover can also be an inter-CU handover.
  • the handover process is similar to the process in Fig. 4, except that there is interaction between the internal CU-DUs, and the exchange information is The intra-CU switching in Figure 6 is consistent, and will not be repeated here.
  • the above application embodiments can be applied to the NTN scenario where LEO/GEO is used as a relay base station and connected to a ground DU, or it can also be applied to the scenario where LEO is used as a DU and connected to a ground CU. Not limited.
  • the terminal device can send the preamble more accurately in the handover scenario, and improve the base station's processing of the preamble
  • the success rate of the code increases the success rate of random access.
  • Fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the device 700 includes a receiving module 710 and a sending module 720.
  • the receiving module is configured to receive first indication information, where the first indication information includes the common timing advance of at least one candidate cell, and the first indication information is used to inform the device 700 that the at least one candidate cell is in a handover allowed state
  • the sending module is used to send a random access preamble to a target candidate cell according to a first timing advance, the target candidate cell is one of the at least one candidate cell, and the first timing advance is the The common time advance of the target candidate cell.
  • the first indication information further includes: a correspondence between multiple common timing advances of the at least one candidate cell and multiple times; the device further includes: a processing module, configured to: Corresponding relationship, determining the first timing advance corresponding to the first moment, the first moment being determined by the apparatus 700 according to the time of initiating random access to a target candidate cell, and the target candidate cell is the at least one candidate One of the districts.
  • the first indication information further includes information about the type of the at least one candidate cell, and the type includes a satellite communication type and/or a private network type.
  • the first indication information further includes a first preset condition
  • the processing module is further configured to determine a target candidate cell that meets the preset condition.
  • the receiving module is further configured to: receive second indication information sent by the one target candidate cell, where the second indication information includes a second timing advance, and the second timing advance is a positive number, Or the second timing advance is a negative number.
  • the sending module is further configured to: send third indication information to the one target candidate cell according to a third timing advance, where the third indication information includes a reconfiguration complete message, and the third timing advance is The first timing advance and the second timing advance are added together.
  • the corresponding relationships of multiple candidate cells of the same base station are the same.
  • the aforementioned communication device 700 may also be implemented in other ways, for example, implemented by at least one processor, memory, and transceiver.
  • the functions of the receiving module 710 and the sending module 720 described above may be implemented by a transceiver.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of another communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the device 800 includes a sending module 810 and a receiving module 820.
  • the sending module is configured to send first indication information to the terminal equipment, where the first indication information includes the common time advance of the apparatus 800, and the first indication information is used to inform the terminal equipment that the at least one candidate cell is handover allowed Status; receiving module, used to receive the random access preamble sent by the terminal device according to the first timing advance.
  • the first indication information further includes: a correspondence between multiple common timing advances of the apparatus 800 and multiple times.
  • the first indication information further includes information about the type of the apparatus 800, and the type includes a satellite communication type and/or a private network type.
  • the first indication information further includes a first preset condition, and the preset condition is used by the terminal device to determine a target candidate base station that meets the preset condition.
  • the sending module is further configured to send second indication information to the terminal device, where the second indication information includes a second timing advance, and the second timing advance is determined by the apparatus 800 according to the random If the access preamble is determined, the second timing advance is a positive number, or the second timing advance is a negative number.
  • the above-mentioned communication device 800 may also be implemented in other ways, for example, implemented by at least one processor, memory, and transceiver.
  • the functions of the sending module 810 and the receiving module 820 described above can be implemented by a transceiver.
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic diagram of another communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the device 900 includes a receiving module 910 and a sending module 920.
  • the receiving module is configured to receive first indication information sent by at least one candidate base station, where the first indication information includes the common timing advance of at least one candidate cell, and the first indication information is used to notify the terminal device of the at least one The candidate cell is in the handover allowed state; the sending module sends the first indication information to the terminal device.
  • the first indication information further includes: a correspondence between multiple common timing advances and multiple times of the at least one candidate cell.
  • the apparatus further includes: a processing module, configured to integrate multiple pieces of first indication information sent by multiple candidate base stations into one piece of first indication information before sending the first indication information to the terminal device.
  • a processing module configured to integrate multiple pieces of first indication information sent by multiple candidate base stations into one piece of first indication information before sending the first indication information to the terminal device.
  • the first indication information further includes information about the type of the at least one candidate base station, and the type includes a satellite communication type and/or a private network type.
  • the first indication information further includes a first preset condition, and the first preset condition is used by the terminal device to determine a target candidate base station that meets the preset condition.
  • the aforementioned communication device 900 may also be implemented in other ways, for example, implemented by at least one processor, memory, and transceiver.
  • the functions of the receiving module 910 and the sending module 920 described above may be implemented by a transceiver.
  • the disclosed device and method may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the modules is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or a data center integrated with one or more available media.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, and a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (for example, a solid state disk (SSD)).

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种通信方法和装置。该方法包括：终端设备接收第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息包括至少一个候选小区的公共时间提前量，所述第一指示信息用于告知所述终端设备所述至少一个候选小区为允许切换状态；所述终端设备根据第一时间提前量，向一个目标候选小区发送随机接入前导码，所述目标候选小区是所述至少一个候选小区中的一个，所述第一时间提前量是所述目标候选小区的公共时间提前量。本申请提供的方法使得UE可以在切换场景中更准确的发送前导码。

Description

一种通信方法和装置
本申请要求于2020年04月09日提交中国专利局、申请号为202010273524.3、申请名称为“一种通信方法和装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种通信方法和装置。
背景技术
现有的通信技术中，上行传输时不同终端设备(user equipment，UE)在时频上正交多址接入(orthogonal multiple access)，即来自同一小区的不同UE的上行传输之间互不干扰。为了保证上行传输的正交性，避免小区内(intra-cell)干扰，基站要求来自同一子帧但不同频域资源的不同UE的信号到达基站的时间基本上是对齐的。为了保证接收侧(基站侧)的时间同步，长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)/新无线(new radio，NR)引入了上行定时提前(uplink timing advance)的机制。
为了适应非地面通信(non-terrestrial network，NTN)，例如卫星通信，可以使用卫星广播公共时间提前量(common timing advance，common TA)来保证接收侧的时间同步，但是现有技术中的common TA机制只涉及空闲态(idle)的UE，对于连接态(connected)的UE的切换过程并未涉及，并且由于卫星在飞行过程中，common TA会不断发生变化，仅仅依靠现有机制将使得UE接收到的common TA并不准确。
发明内容
本申请提供一种通信方法和装置，基站发送候选小区的公共时间提前量，使得终端设备可以在切换场景中更准确的发送前导码。
第一方面，提供了一种通信方法，所述方法包括：终端设备接收第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息包括至少一个候选小区的公共时间提前量，所述第一指示信息用于告知所述终端设备所述至少一个候选小区为允许切换状态；所述终端设备根据第一时间提前量，向一个目标候选小区发送随机接入前导码，所述目标候选小区是所述至少一个候选小区中的一个，所述第一时间提前量是所述目标候选小区的公共时间提前量。
通过接收包括候选小区的公共时间提前量的指示信息，使得终端设备可以在切换场景中更准确的发送前导码。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一指示信息还包括：所述至少一个候选小区的多个公共时间提前量和多个时刻之间的对应关系；所述方法还包括：所述终端设备根据所述对应关系，确定与第一时刻对应的第一时间提前量，所述第一时刻为终端设备根据向一个目标候选小区发起随机接入的时间确定的，所述目标候选小区是所述至 少一个候选小区中的一个。通过接收包括多个时间提前量和多个时刻之间的对应关系的指示信息，使得终端设备可以在切换场景中更为准确的发送前导码，从而提高基站处理前导码的成功率，增加随机接入的成功率。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一指示信息还包括所述至少一个候选小区的类型的信息，所述类型包括卫星通信类型和/或私网类型。
通过在指示信息中指示候选小区的类型的信息，使得终端设备可以根据候选小区的类型信息，选择更合适的小区进行接入，从而提高通信的质量。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一指示信息还包括第一预设条件，所述方法还包括：所述终端设备判断满足所述预设条件的目标候选小区。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述终端设备接收所述一个目标候选小区发送的第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息包括第二时间提前量，所述第二时间提前量为正数，或者所述第二时间提前量为负数。
通过在第二时间提前量中引入正数或者负数的机制，将NTN场景中参考点选取不当的问题进行调整，使得终端设备接收到的时间提前量更加准确。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述终端设备根据第三时间提前量向所述一个目标候选小区发送第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息包括重配置完成消息，所述第三时间提前量是所述第一时间提前量和所述第二时间提前量相加得到的。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，同一基站的多个所述候选小区的所述对应关系相同。
第二方面，提供了一种通信方法，所述方法包括：向终端设备发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息包括候选基站的公共时间提前量，所述第一指示信息用于告知所述终端设备所述至少一个候选小区为允许切换状态；接收所述终端设备根据第一时间提前量发送的随机接入前导码。
通过发送包括候选小区的公共时间提前量的指示信息，使得终端设备可以在切换场景中更准确的发送前导码。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一指示信息还包括：所述候选基站的多个公共时间提前量和多个时刻之间的对应关系；接收所述终端设备根据第一时间提前量发送的随机接入前导码。
通过发送包括多个公共时间提前量和多个时刻之间的对应关系的指示信息，使得终端设备可以在切换场景中更为准确的发送前导码，从而提高基站处理前导码的成功率，增加随机接入的成功率。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一指示信息还包括所述候选基站的类型的信息，所述类型包括卫星通信类型和/或私网类型。
通过在指示信息中指示候选小区的类型的信息，使得终端设备可以根据候选小区的类型信息，选择更合适的小区进行接入，从而提高通信的质量。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一指示信息还包括第一预设条件，所述预设条件用于所述终端设备判断满足所述预设条件的目标候选基站。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，向所述终端设备发送第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息包括第二时间提前量，所述第二时间提前量是所述候选基站根据所述随 机接入前导码确定的，所述第二时间提前量为正数，或者所述第二时间提前量为负数。
通过在第二时间提前量中引入正数或者负数的机制，将NTN场景中参考点选取不当的问题进行调整，使得终端设备接收到的时间提前量更加准确。
第三方面，提供了一种通信装置，所述装置包括：接收模块，用于接收第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息包括至少一个候选小区的公共时间提前量，所述第一指示信息用于告知所述通信装置所述至少一个候选小区为允许切换状态；发送模块，用于根据第一时间提前量，向一个目标候选小区发送随机接入前导码，所述目标候选小区是所述至少一个候选小区中的一个，所述第一时间提前量是所述目标候选小区的公共时间提前量。
通过接收包括候选小区的公共时间提前量的指示信息，使得终端设备可以在切换场景中更准确的发送前导码。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一指示信息还包括：所述至少一个候选小区的多个公共时间提前量和多个时刻之间的对应关系；所述装置还包括：处理模块，用于根据所述对应关系，确定与第一时刻对应的第一时间提前量，所述第一时刻为通信装置根据向一个目标候选小区发起随机接入的时间确定的，所述目标候选小区是所述至少一个候选小区中的一个。
通过接收包括多个时间提前量和多个时刻之间的对应关系的指示信息，使得终端设备可以在切换场景中更为准确的发送前导码，从而提高基站处理前导码的成功率，增加随机接入的成功率。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一指示信息还包括所述至少一个候选小区的类型的信息，所述类型包括卫星通信类型和/或私网类型。
通过在指示信息中指示候选小区的类型的信息，使得终端设备可以根据候选小区的类型信息，选择更合适的小区进行接入，从而提高通信的质量。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一指示信息还包括第一预设条件，所述处理模块还用于判断满足所述预设条件的目标候选小区。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，所述接收模块还用于：接收所述一个目标候选小区发送的第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息包括第二时间提前量，所述第二时间提前量为正数，或者所述第二时间提前量为负数。
通过在第二时间提前量中引入正数或者负数的机制，将NTN场景中参考点选取不当的问题进行调整，使得终端设备接收到的时间提前量更加准确。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，所述发送模块还用于：根据第三时间提前量向所述一个目标候选小区发送第三指示信息，第三指示信息包括重配置完成消息，所述第三时间提前量是所述第一时间提前量和所述第二时间提前量相加得到的。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，同一基站的多个所述候选小区的所述对应关系相同。
第四方面，提供了一种通信装置，所述装置包括：发送模块，用于向终端设备发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息包括候选基站的公共时间提前量，所述第一指示信息用于告知所述终端设备所述至少一个候选小区为允许切换状态；接收模块，用于接收所述终端设备根据第一时间提前量发送的随机接入前导码。
通过发送包括候选小区的公共时间提前量的指示信息，使得终端设备可以在切换场景 中更准确的发送前导码。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一指示信息还包括：所述通信装置的多个公共时间提前量和多个时刻之间的对应关系。
通过发送包括多个公共时间提前量和多个时刻之间的对应关系的指示信息，使得终端设备可以在切换场景中更为准确的发送前导码，从而提高基站处理前导码的成功率，增加随机接入的成功率。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一指示信息还包括所述通信装置的类型的信息，所述类型包括卫星通信类型和/或私网类型。
通过在指示信息中指示候选小区的类型的信息，使得终端设备可以根据候选小区的类型信息，选择更合适的小区进行接入，从而提高通信的质量。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一指示信息还包括第一预设条件，所述预设条件用于所述终端设备判断满足所述预设条件的目标候选基站。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，所述发送模块还用于：向终端设备发送第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息包括第二时间提前量，所述第二时间提前量是所述通信装置根据所述随机接入前导码确定的，所述第二时间提前量为正数，或者所述第二时间提前量为负数。
通过在第二时间提前量中引入正数或者负数的机制，将NTN场景中参考点选取不当的问题进行调整，使得终端设备接收到的时间提前量更加准确。
第五方面，提供了一种通信装置，所述装置包括：接收模块，用于接收至少一个候选基站发送的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息包括至少一个候选小区的公共时间提前量，所述第一指示信息用于告知所述终端设备所述至少一个候选小区为允许切换状态；发送模块，向终端设备发送所述第一指示信息。
通过接收包括候选小区的公共时间提前量的指示信息，使得终端设备可以在切换场景中较准确的发送前导码，从而提高基站处理前导码的成功率，增加随机接入的成功率。
结合第五方面，在第五方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一指示信息还包括：所述至少一个候选小区的多个公共时间提前量和多个时刻之间的对应关系。
通过接收包括多个时间提前量和多个时刻之间的对应关系的指示信息，使得终端设备可以在切换场景中更为准确的发送前导码，从而提高基站处理前导码的成功率，增加随机接入的成功率。
结合第五方面，在第五方面的某些实现方式中，所述装置还包括：处理模块，用于在向终端设备发送所述第一指示信息之前，将多个候选基站发送的多个第一指示信息整合为一个第一指示信息。
结合第五方面，在第五方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一指示信息还包括所述至少一个候选基站的类型的信息，所述类型包括卫星通信类型和/或私网类型。
通过在指示信息中指示候选小区的类型的信息，使得终端设备可以根据候选小区的类型信息，选择更合适的小区进行接入，从而提高通信的质量。
结合第五方面，在第五方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一指示信息还包括第一预设条件，所述第一预设条件用于所述终端设备判断满足所述预设条件的目标候选基站。
第六方面，提供了一种通信装置，包括，处理器，存储器，该存储器用于存储计算机 程序，该处理器用于从存储器中调用并运行该计算机程序，使得该通信设备执行第一方面及其各种可能实现方式中的方法。
第七方面，提供了一种通信装置，包括，处理器，存储器，该存储器用于存储计算机程序，该处理器用于从存储器中调用并运行该计算机程序，使得该通信设备执行第二方面及其各种可能实现方式中的方法。
第八方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，用于存储计算机程序，该计算机程序包括用于执行如第一方面或第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法的指令。
第九方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，用于存储计算机程序，该计算机程序包括用于执行如第二方面或第二方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法的指令。
第十方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品，包括计算机程序，当其在计算机设备上运行时，使得所述计算机设备执行如第一方面所述的方法。
第十一方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品，包括计算机程序，当其在计算机设备上运行时，使得所述计算机设备执行如第二方面所述的方法。
附图说明
图1是现有技术中随机接入过程的示意图。
图2是NTN场景下common TA机制的原理示意图。
图3是本申请实施例的通信方法的示意图。
图4是本申请实施例的一种切换过程的流程示意图。
图5是本申请实施例的条件切换过程的流程示意图。
图6是本申请实施例的CU-DU架构下的切换流程示意图。
图7是本申请实施例的通信装置的示意图。
图8是本申请实施例的另一个通信装置的示意图。
图9是本申请实施例的另一个通信装置的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如：码分多址(code division multiple access，CDMA)系统、宽带码分多址(wideband code division multiple access，WCDMA)系统、长期演进(long termevolution，LTE)系统、第五代(5th generation，5G)系统或新无线(new radio，NR)，以及未来演进的通信系统等。
本申请中，名词“网络”和“系统”经常交替使用。本申请中所描述的通信装置是指的通信系统中的网元，例如终端、基站(源基站、或目标基站)、核心网设备。
本申请实施例中的终端设备可以指用户设备、接入终端、用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、终端、无线通信设备、用户代理或用户装置。终端设备还可以是蜂窝电话、无绳电话、会话启动协议(session initiation protocol，SIP)电话、无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL)站、个人数字处理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备，未来5G网络中的终端设备或者未来演进的公用 陆地移动通信网络(public land mobile network，PLMN)中的终端设备等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。
基站也可称为基站设备，是一种部署在无线接入网用以提供无线通信功能的网络设备。在不同的无线接入系统中基站的名称可能有所不同，例如在而在通用移动通讯系统(Universal Mobile Telecommunications System，UMTS)网络中基站称为节点B(NodeB)，在LTE网络中的基站称为演进的节点B(evolved NodeB，eNB或者eNodeB)，在5G系统中可以称为收发节点(Transmission Reception Point，TRP)、g节点B(gNodeB，gNB)。基站可以包含一个或多个共站或非共站的TRP。基站还可以是云无线接入网络(cloud radio access network，CRAN)场景下的无线控制器、集中单元(centralized unit，CU)，和/或分布单元(distributed unit，DU)。基站还可以是服务器，可穿戴设备，或车载设备，非地面设备例如卫星等。为描述方便，下文使用基站进行描述。可选的，本发明中的基站还可以是设备到设备D2D(Device to Device)中的用户设备。可选的，本发明中的基站和用户设备还可以是中继设备，或实现中继功能的网络设备或用户设备。
基站可以是集中式单元(centralized unit，CU)和分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)分离架构。RAN可以与核心网相连(例如可以是LTE的核心网，也可以是5G的核心网等)。CU和DU可以理解为是对基站从逻辑功能角度的划分。CU和DU在物理上可以是分离的也可以部署在一起。多个DU可以共用一个CU。一个DU也可以连接多个CU。CU和DU之间可以通过接口相连，例如可以是F1接口。CU和DU可以根据无线网络的协议层划分。例如其中一种可能的划分方式是：CU用于执行无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)层、业务数据适配协议(service data adaptation protocol，SDAP)层以及分组数据汇聚层协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)层的功能，而DU用于执行无线链路控制(radio link control，RLC)层，媒体接入控制(media access control，MAC)层，物理(physical)层等的功能。可以理解对CU和DU处理功能按照这种协议层的划分仅仅是一种举例，也可以按照其他的方式进行划分。例如可以将CU或者DU划分为具有更多协议层的功能。例如，CU或DU还可以划分为具有协议层的部分处理功能。在一设计中，将RLC层的部分功能和RLC层以上的协议层的功能设置在CU，将RLC层的剩余功能和RLC层以下的协议层的功能设置在DU。在另一种设计中，还可以按照业务类型或者其他系统需求对CU或者DU的功能进行划分。例如按时延划分，将处理时间需要满足时延要求的功能设置在DU，不需要满足该时延要求的功能设置在CU。一个或者多个CU可以集中设置，也分离设置。例如CU可以设置在网络侧方便集中管理。DU可以具有多个射频功能，也可以将射频功能拉远设置。CU的功能可以由一个实体来实现也可以由不同的实体实现。例如，可以对CU的功能进行进一步切分，例如，将控制面(control panel，CP)和用户面(user panel，UP)分离，即CU的控制面(CU-CP)和CU用户面(CU-UP)。例如，CU-CP和CU-UP可以由不同的功能实体来实现，所述CU-CP和CU-UP可以与DU相耦合，共同完成基站的功能。
上行传输中，不同UE在时频上正交多址接入，即来自同一小区的不同UE的上行传输之间互不干扰。为了保证上行传输的正交性，避免小区内干扰，基站要求来自同一子帧但不同频域资源的不同UE的信号到达基站的时间基本上是对齐的。基站只要在循环前缀(cyclic prefix)范围内接收到UE所发送的上行数据，就能够正确地解码上行数据，因此 上行同步要求来自同一子帧的不同UE的信号到达基站的时间都落在循环前缀范围之内。为了保持使用不同循环移位的上行参考信号之间的正交性，也要求接收到的上行参考信号是时间对齐的，这也是需要使用上行同步，以保证同一小区的不同UE的上行传输在时间上对齐的原因。为了保证接收侧(基站侧)的时间同步，LTE/NR引入了上行定时提前(uplink timing advance)的机制。在UE侧看来，timing advance本质上是接收到下行子帧的起始时间与传输上行子帧的时间之间的一个负偏移(negative offset)。基站通过适当地控制每个UE的偏移，可以控制来自不同UE的上行信号到达基站的时间。例如，对于离基站较远的UE，由于有较大的传输延迟，就要比离基站较近的UE提前发送上行数据。
基站有两种方式告知UE其TA。在随机接入过程中，基站通过测量接收到的前导码(preamble)来确定TA值，并通过随机接入响应(random access response，RAR)的时间提前量发送给UE。这个过程为“初始上行同步过程”。在连接态，基站需要维护timing advance信息，理论上，UE发送的任何信号(SRS/DMRS/CQI/ACK/NACK/PUSCH等)都可用于测量timing advance。UE侧会保存最近一次TA调整值N TA,old，当UE收到新的timing advance command而得到T A后，会计算出最新的TA调整值N TA,new＝N TA,old+(T A-31)*16(单位为T s)。
具体地，图1示出了现有技术中的一种随机接入过程中基站告知UE其TA的流程示意图。如图1所示，随机接入过程包括步骤S110至S150。S110，随机接入初始化，该步骤中进行参数配置，这些参数可以包括：可用于传输随机接入前导码(random access preamble，RAP)的物理随机接入信道(physical random access channel，PRACH)资源集；可用随机接入前导码分组(A组或B组)及每组中可用的前导码集合；前导码最大传输次数；前导码初始发射功率；功率抬升步长；随机接入响应窗；第三消息的混合自动重传请求(hybrid automatic repeat request，HARQ)最大重传次数；竞争解决定时器等。S120，终端设备向网络设备发送随机接入前导码，随机接入前导码的作用主要是通知网络设备有一个随机接入请求，并使得网络设备能估计其与终端设备之间的传输时延，以便接入网设备可以校准上行的提前量(uplink timing)并将校准信息通过定时提前命令(timing advance command)告知终端设备。S130，终端设备接收网络设备发送的随机接入响应(random access response，RAR)，其中RAR中包括上行定时提前量，该上行定时提前量是网络设备根据接收到的随机接入前导码确定的。S140，终端设备向网络设备发送基于调度传输(scheduled transmission)的消息。S150，终端设备接收网络设备发送的竞争解决消息，确认随机接入过程成功。
为了缩短随机接入时延，5G NR系统除了支持目前传统的四步随机接入方法，还支持两步随机接入方法，其中两步随机接入方法包括终端设备向基站发送第一消息，第一消息可以包括前导码和/或解调参考信号(demodulation reference signal，DMRS)，以及基站向终端设备发送第二消息，第二消息可以包括响应消息，该响应消息可以包括临时C-RNTI的信息、定时提前命令(TA command)的信息、上行授权的信息、竞争解决标识等，因两步随机接入方法属于现有技术，本申请对此不作过多赘述。
本申请的实施例不仅适用于图1中的四步随机接入方法，同样也适用于两步随机接入方法。
卫星通信(non-terrestrial network，NTN)，即非地面通信。得益于现如今“任意时 间、任意地点”通信的概念，卫星通信网络的地位在未来还将进一步的提升。通常来说，卫星的轨道越高其覆盖面积越大，但是通信的时延也越长。一般说来，卫星的运行轨道根据高度可以分为：低轨道(low earth orbit，LEO)：轨道高度为160～2000km；中轨道(middle earth orbit，MEO)：轨道高度为2 000～35786km；静止轨道(geostationary earth orbit，GEO)：轨道高度为35786km，运行在此轨道上的卫星与地球的相对位置不受地球自转的影响。其中低轨通信卫星距离地面近、通信时延短、数据传输率高，移动终端重量体积与个人移动设备相差无几，更适合大众市场普及，成为当前产业发展的热点。
由于卫星通信的时延很长，当前NR系统设计的timing advance机制无法适用于卫星通信。现有技术中的timing advance机制中，TA的取值范围为0～3486，一个TA值表示的长度为：PRACH子载波＝30KHZ时为39m、15KHZ时为78m，而在现有技术中的随机接入过程中，基站发送的随机接入响应消息中携带的发送给UE的定时提前量可覆盖范围大约为300km，而在卫星通信中的低轨道卫星，其轨道高度为160-2000km，显然，现有技术的timing advance机制并不能适应卫星通信。为了适应卫星通信，现有技术提出可以通过卫星广播common TA的方法使UE获得其定时提前量，图2示出了一种NTN场景下的common TA的机制的原理示意图，具体地，卫星在地面选取一个参考点(reference point)，一般是卫星与地面最近的点，距离为d0，表示这个距离的TA为common TA，基站给UE发送的TA为图2中的UE specific TA，因为该TA值已经减去common TA的距离，变得不那么大了，所以可以用RAR中的timing advance command字段中的12比特来表示，随后UE可以根据UE specific TA和common TA得到发送数据的TA值。
然而目前的common TA机制只涉及空闲态UE的随机接入，它是通过卫星广播common TA的方法告知UE，然后UE根据接收到的common TA向目标小区发送随机接入前导码，从而发起如图1所示的随机接入过程，在随机接入过程中，基站将UE的TA告知UE，然而在卫星通信的场景下，还并没有将common TA应用到连接态UE的切换过程中的随机接入。如果只将common TA信息作为切换确认消息发送给UE，由于卫星在飞行过程中，common TA会不断发生变化，这也会导致UE接收到的common TA并不准确。
本申请实施例通过将包含至少一个候选小区的公共时间提前量的指示信息发送给UE，使UE可以根据接收到的公共时间提前量向目标候选小区发送随机接入前导码，提高基站处理前导码的成功率，继而增加切换过程中随机接入的成功率。如图3所示，该方法300包括步骤S310至S320，下面对这些步骤进行详细描述。
S310，终端设备接收第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息包括至少一个候选小区的公共时间提前量。
应理解，所述第一指示信息用于告知所述终端设备所述至少一个候选小区为允许切换状态。
可选地，上述第一指示信息可以为至少一个候选小区所属的基站发送的至少一个第一指示信息。
可选地，上述第一指示信息可以是至少一个候选小区所属的基站通过切换确认消息发送的。应理解，上述切换确认消息被当前连接小区的源基站接收，源基站将切换确认消息透传给终端设备，可选地，源基站可以将切换确认消息转化为切换命令，或者是RRC重配置消息发送给终端设备。应理解，上述候选小区可以为普通切换过程中的目标小区，也 可以为条件切换过程中的至少一个候选小区中的一个。
进一步地，所述第一指示信息还可以包括至少一个候选小区的多个公共时间提前量和多个时刻之间的对应关系。应理解，上述候选小区可以为普通切换过程中的目标小区，也可以为条件切换过程中的至少一个候选小区中的一个。
可选地，多个时刻可以为绝对时刻，也可以为相对时刻，如系统帧号SFN。多个时间提前量和多个时刻之间的对应关系可以为列表的形式，如表1所示，或者对应关系也可以为映射关系，例如common TA＝SFN*100+6000。
表1 时间提前量和时刻对应关系表
索引(index) Common TA 时刻(SFN)
1 6000 10
2 6500 11
3 7000 12
… … …
可选地，该第一指示信息可以包括至少一个候选小区的类型的信息，该类型可以包括卫星通信类型和/或私网类型。该类型信息可以为NTN相关的信息，如GEO小区、LEO小区(例如fixed cell模式和moving cell模式)；也可以为私网(non-public network，NPN)相关信息，如独立私网(standalone non-public network，SNPN)小区、封闭接入网(closed access froup，CAG)小区等。可选地，该类型信息还可以进一步包括标识，例如SNPN小区可以包括独立私网标识(standalone non-public network identifier，SNPN ID)，CAG小区可以包括CAG ID。
可选的，该第一指示信息还可以包括小区类型的优先级信息。该小区类型的优先级信息可以表示某种候选小区类型的优先级。例如，该第一指示信息可以指示NTN小区为第一优先级，NPN小区为第二优先级，PLMN小区(即公网小区)为第三优先级，即源基站认为多个候选小区中优先级排列为：NTN小区高于NPN小区，NPN小区高于PLMN小区。终端设备在收到包括该优先级信息的第一指示信息后，在高优先级类型的小区和低优先级类型的小区都满足切换条件时，终端设备可以优先选择高优先级候选小区作为自己的目标小区。
通过在指示信息中加入候选小区的类型信息，使得终端设备在切换之前可以选择更加合适的小区进行接入，从而提高了通信质量。
可选地，上述类型信息可以应用于NTN场景下的common TA机制中，也可以应用于地面基站中的小区切换中，本申请对此不作限定。
S320，所述终端设备根据第一时间提前量，向一个目标候选小区发送随机接入前导码。
应理解，所述目标候选小区是所述至少一个候选小区中的一个，所述第一时间提前量是所述目标候选小区的公共时间提前量。
可选地，当上述第一指示信息包括对应关系时，S320还可以包括：终端设备根据所述对应关系，确定与第一时刻对应的第一时间提前量，所述第一时段为终端设备根据向一个目标候选小区发起随机接入的时间确定的，该一个目标候选小区是至少一个候选小区中的一个。
应理解，上述多个公共时间提前量和多个时刻之间的对应关系中的时刻是离散分布的，而终端设备发起随机接入的时间可以为任意时间，终端设备可以根据发起随机接入的时间从对应关系中选择合适的时刻以及对应的时间提前量。
可选地，终端设备可以根据发起随机接入的时间，确定第一时刻，从而确定相应的时间提前量，例如，第一时刻可以为10，其对应的common TA为6000。
可选地，在条件切换过程中，终端设备向一个目标候选小区发送前导码之前，终端设备还可以根据第一指示信息中的预设条件，(例如源小区和候选小区的信号强度、源小区和候选小区的信道质量、UE的位置信息、候选基站的位置信息等)判断满足预设条件的目标候选小区。
可选地，一个目标候选小区所属的基站收到终端设备发送的随机接入前导码后，可以通过RAR中的TA command向终端设备发送第二指示信息，第二指示信息可以包括第二时间提前量，该第二时间提前量可以是上述基站根据该随机接入前导码确定。
可选地，该第二时间提前量可以为正数，也可以为负数。具体地，现有技术中，基站根据终端设备发送的前导码确定的第二时间提前量已经将common TA考虑进去，一般是UE的TA减去该common TA，如图2中的UE specific TA。因为现有技术中，卫星在选取参考点时，默认选取的参考点是距离地面最近的点，所以基站得到的第二时间提前量都是正数，但是若选取的参考点不是卫星与地面之间的最短距离，common TA要比UE实际的TA要大，这种情况下，RAR中携带的TA可能是负数，但是现有机制中，RAR中携带的TA都是正数，所以可以引入表示负数的TA值。
可选地，终端设备接收到一个目标候选小区发送的第二时间提前量之后，可以根据第一时间提前量和第二时间提前量相加得到第三时间提前量，并根据第三时间提前量向一个目标候选小区发送第三信息，告知待接入小区切换完成。可选地，上述第三消息可以为重配置完成消息，或者为RRC连接请求消息、RRC连接重建请求、C-RNTI MAC控制单元等。在本申请中，所述第三消息可以为C-RNTI MAC控制单元。
可选地，同一基站提供的多个候选小区的的对应关系相同。例如，可以用如表1所示或者如公式common TA＝SFN*100+6000所示的对应关系。
可选地，本申请实施例中的多个公共时间提前量和多个时刻之间的对应关系可以应用于连接态UE的小区切换过程中，也可以应用于空闲态UE的随机接入过程中，本申请对此不作限制。
应理解，本申请实施例中，基站发送的指示信息可以发送给一个终端设备，也可以发送给多个终端设备，如果基站将指示信息发送给多个终端设备，该指示信息还可以包括多个UE的群组标识、群组索引以及小区内标识，本申请对终端设备的数量不做限制。
在移动通信系统中，连接态的UE切换到其他小区，其切换过程是由网络设备控制的，网络设备通过发送切换确认消息指示UE切换到目标小区。具体地，图4示出了本申请实施例的一种切换过程的流程示意图。如图4所示，UE根据之前基站下发的测量配置进行小区测量，满足测量上报的条件时，UE将会把测量报告发送给基站。S420，基站根据UE上报的测量配置决定切换，并确定目标小区。可选地，该目标小区也可以称作候选小区。S430，当前连接小区所属的源基站向目标小区所属的目标基站发送切换请求消息。S440，目标基站给源基站发送切换确认消息。目标基站根据目标小区连接数等情况决定要不要允 许该UE的接入，如果允许，目标基站发送切换确认消息给源基站，该切换确认消息包含目标小区的公共时间提前量，进一步地，可以包括目标小区的多个公共时间提前量和多个时刻之间的对应关系。可选地，该切换确认消息还可以包括目标小区的类型的信息，例如，该类型可以包括卫星通信类型和/或私网类型。该类型信息可以为NTN相关的信息，如GEO小区、LEO小区(例如fixed cell模式和moving cell模式)；也可以为私网(non-public network，NPN)相关信息，如独立私网(standalone non-public network，SNPN)小区、封闭接入网(Closed Access Group，CAG)小区等。可选地，该类型信息还可以进一步包括标识，例如SNPN小区可以包括独立私网标识(standalone non-public network identifier，SNPN ID)，CAG小区可以包括CAG ID。可选的，该切换确认消息还可以包括小区类型的优先级信息。该小区类型的优先级信息可以表示某种候选小区类型的优先级。例如，该切换确认消息可以指示NTN小区为第一优先级，NPN小区为第二优先级，PLMN小区(即公网小区)为第三优先级，即源基站认为多个候选小区中优先级排列为：NTN小区高于NPN小区，NPN小区高于PLMN小区。终端设备在收到包括该优先级信息的切换确认消息后，在高优先级类型的小区和低优先级类型的小区都满足切换条件时，终端设备可以优先选择高优先级候选小区作为自己的目标小区。
S450，源基站给UEs发送切换命令消息，也就是RRC重配置消息。其中包含的内容来自S440的切换确认消息，相当于源基站这层是透明的。S460，该步骤是可选地，若收到的指示信息包括目标小区的多个common TA和多个时刻的对应关系，则UE根据发起随机接入的时间，选取适合的common TA作为发送前导码的TA，若指示信息只是包括目标基站的公共时间提前量，则可以省略此步骤。S470，UE根据选取的common TA发送前导码到目标基站，尝试做随机接入。S480，基站根据收到的前导码，把需要UE调整的TA放在RAR中。该TA可能是正数，也可能是负数。S490，UE根据收到的RAR中的TA加上发送前导码用的common TA可以得到用于发送重配置完成消息的TA。
可选地，上述申请实施例可以应用于NTN场景中，当LEO/GEO作为独立基站与核心网相连的场景，或者可以应用于LEO/GEO作为中继基站，与地面基站相连的场景，本申请对此不作限定。
通过将包括公共时间提前量的指示信息发送给终端设备，可以使终端设备在切换场景中较精准地发送前导码，提高基站处理前导码的成功率，继而增加随机接入的成功率。
进一步地，通过将包括多个公共时间提前量和多个时刻之间的对应关系的指示信息发送给终端设备，可以使终端设备在切换场景中更为精准地发送前导码，提高基站处理前导码的成功率，继而增加随机接入的成功率。
在上述切换机制的基础上，现有技术提出条件切换(conditional handover，CHO)机制以提升切换成功率。源基站在源链路质量较好时向UE发送CHO配置信息，该CHO配置信息中可以包括CHO触发条件、一个或多个待接入小区的信息(如，候选小区的小区全球标识(cell global identifier，CGI)，或者，候选小区的物理小区标识(physical cell identifier，PCI)以及候选小区对应的频率信息)。具体地，图5示出了本申请实施例的条件切换过程的流程示意图。如图5所示，UE根据之前基站下发的测量配置进行测量，满足测量上报的条件时，UE将会把测量报告发送给基站。S520，源基站会根据UE的测量报告决定让该UE进行条件切换。S530，源基站会对多个候选基站发送切换请求。S540， 多个候选基站将根据自身情况决定是否允许UE接入，发送切换确认消息，所含内容与图4所示的实施例相同，在这里不再赘述。可选地，该切换确认消息还可以包括切换条件，该切换条件可以包括例如源小区和候选小区的信号强度、源小区和候选小区的信道质量，UE的位置信息，候选基站的位置信息等。S550，源基站发送条件切换命令(也是RRC重配置消息)，其中，切换命令中包括S540中的切换确认消息，相当于源基站这层是透明的，该切换命令中可以包括各候选基站的小区的公共时间提前量，或者可以包括各候选基站的小区的多个公共时间提前量和多个时刻的对应关系，同时，带有UE执行切换的条件，可选地，源基站也可以把多个候选基站发送的切换确认消息放在同一个条件切换命令中。S560，UE判断当前的情况满足切换条件时，选择合适的目标候选小区，并根据切换消息中的目标候选小区的公共时间提前量，或者根据目标候选小区的多个common TA和多个时刻的对应关系选择合适的common TA用于发送前导码。剩下的步骤与图4中的步骤相同，此处不再赘述。
可选地，上述申请实施例可以应用于NTN场景中，当LEO/GEO作为独立基站与核心网相连的场景，或者可以应用于LEO/GEO作为中继基站，与地面基站相连的场景，本申请对此不作限定。
各候选基站通过把本基站的小区的包括多个公共时间提前量和多个时刻之间的对应关系的指示信息发送给终端设备，使得终端设备可以在切换场景中更为精准地发送前导码，提高基站处理前导码的成功率，继而增加随机接入的成功率。
图6给出了本申请实施例在CU-DU架构下的切换流程示意图。如图6所示，S610，UE根据之前基站下发的测量配置进行测量，满足测量上报的条件时，UE将会把测量报告发送给源DU。S620，源DU发送测量报告给CU，可选地，通过上行RRC消息转发。S630，CU发送组切换请求给目标DU，该目标DU也可以称为候选DU，可选的，通过UE上下文建立请求消息。S640，目标DU发送组切换确认消息给CU，其中包括目标DU的小区的公共时间提前量，或者可选地，该切换确认消息还可以包括目标DU的小区的多个公共时间提前量和多个时刻的对应关系。S650，CU发送组切换命令给源DU，可选的，通过UE上下文修改请求消息。S660，源DU给UEs发送切换命令消息，也就是RRC重配置消息，其中可以包括目标DU的小区的公共时间提前量，或者进一步地可以包括目标DU的多个时间提前量和多个时刻之间的对应关系。S670，通过UE上下文修改响应消息。S680，UE选取合适的时间提前量与目标DU建立随机接入过程。S690，目标DU发送组切换完消息，可选的，通过上行RRC消息转发。S6100，目标DU向CU发送RRC重配置完成消息。S6100，CU向源DU发送UE上下文释放命令。S6120，源DU向CU发送UE上下文释放完成消息。
上述申请实施例涉及的是CU内的切换流程，可选地，小区切换还可以为CU间切换，切换过程与图4的过程类似，不同点在于内部CU-DU之间有交互，交互信息与图6中的CU内切换一致，在此不再赘述。
可选地，上述申请实施例可以应用于NTN场景中，LEO/GEO作为中继基站，与地面DU相连的场景，或者也可以应用于LEO作为DU，与地面CU相连的场景，本申请对此不作限定。
通过将待接入DU的包括多个时间提前量和多个时刻之间的对应关系的指示信息发送 给终端设备，使得终端设备可以在切换场景中更为精准地发送前导码，提高基站处理前导码的成功率，继而增加随机接入的成功率。
图7示出了本申请实施例的通信装置的示意图。如图7所示，该装置700包括接收模块710和发送模块720。
接收模块用于接收第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息包括至少一个候选小区的公共时间提前量，所述第一指示信息用于告知所述装置700所述至少一个候选小区为允许切换状态；发送模块用于根据第一时间提前量，向一个目标候选小区发送随机接入前导码，所述目标候选小区是所述至少一个候选小区中的一个，所述第一时间提前量是所述目标候选小区的公共时间提前量。
可选地，所述第一指示信息还包括：所述至少一个候选小区的多个公共时间提前量和多个时刻之间的对应关系；所述装置还包括：处理模块，用于根据所述对应关系，确定与第一时刻对应的第一时间提前量，所述第一时刻为装置700根据向一个目标候选小区发起随机接入的时间确定的，所述目标候选小区是所述至少一个候选小区中的一个。
可选地，所述第一指示信息还包括所述至少一个候选小区的类型的信息，所述类型包括卫星通信类型和/或私网类型。
可选地，所述第一指示信息还包括第一预设条件，所述处理模块还用于判断满足所述预设条件的目标候选小区。
可选地，所述接收模块还用于：接收所述一个目标候选小区发送的第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息包括第二时间提前量，所述第二时间提前量为正数，或者所述第二时间提前量为负数。
可选地，所述发送模块还用于：根据第三时间提前量向所述一个目标候选小区发送第三指示信息，第三指示信息包括重配置完成消息，所述第三时间提前量是所述第一时间提前量和所述第二时间提前量相加得到的。
可选地，同一基站的多个所述候选小区的所述对应关系相同。
上述通信装置700也可以通过其他方式实现，例如通过至少一个处理器，存储器，以及收发器的方式实现。上述接收模块710和发送模块720的功能可以通过收发器实现。
图8示出了本申请实施例的另一个通信装置的示意图，如图8所示，该装置800包括发送模块810和接收模块820。
发送模块用于向终端设备发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息包括装置800的公共时间提前量，所述第一指示信息用于告知所述终端设备所述至少一个候选小区为允许切换状态；接收模块，用于接收所述终端设备根据第一时间提前量发送的随机接入前导码。
可选地，所述第一指示信息还包括：所述装置800的多个公共时间提前量和多个时刻之间的对应关系。
可选地，所述第一指示信息还包括所述装置800的类型的信息，所述类型包括卫星通信类型和/或私网类型。
可选地，所述第一指示信息还包括第一预设条件，所述预设条件用于所述终端设备判断满足所述预设条件的目标候选基站。
可选地，所述发送模块还用于：向终端设备发送第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息包括第二时间提前量，所述第二时间提前量是所述装置800根据所述随机接入前导码确定的， 所述第二时间提前量为正数，或者所述第二时间提前量为负数。
上述通信装置800也可以通过其他方式实现，例如通过至少一个处理器，存储器，以及收发器的方式实现。上述发送模块810和接收模块820的功能可以通过收发器实现。
图9示出了本申请实施例的另一个通信装置的示意图，如图9所示，该装置900包括接收模块910和发送模块920。
接收模块用于接收至少一个候选基站发送的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息包括至少一个候选小区的公共时间提前量，所述第一指示信息用于告知所述终端设备所述至少一个候选小区为允许切换状态；发送模块向终端设备发送所述第一指示信息。
可选地，所述第一指示信息还包括：所述至少一个候选小区的多个公共时间提前量和多个时刻之间的对应关系。
可选地，所述装置还包括：处理模块，用于在向终端设备发送所述第一指示信息之前，将多个候选基站发送的多个第一指示信息整合为一个第一指示信息。
可选地，所述第一指示信息还包括所述至少一个候选基站的类型的信息，所述类型包括卫星通信类型和/或私网类型。
可选地，所述第一指示信息还包括第一预设条件，所述第一预设条件用于所述终端设备判断满足所述预设条件的目标候选基站。
上述通信装置900也可以通过其他方式实现，例如通过至少一个处理器，存储器，以及收发器的方式实现。上述接收模块910和发送模块920的功能可以通过收发器实现。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述模块的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本发明实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘(solid state disk，SSD))等。

Claims (29)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    终端设备接收第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息包括至少一个候选小区的公共时间提前量，所述第一指示信息用于告知所述终端设备所述至少一个候选小区为允许切换状态；
    所述终端设备根据第一时间提前量，向一个目标候选小区发送随机接入前导码，所述目标候选小区是所述至少一个候选小区中的一个，所述第一时间提前量是所述目标候选小区的公共时间提前量。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息还包括：
    所述至少一个候选小区的多个公共时间提前量和多个时刻之间的对应关系；
    所述方法还包括：
    所述终端设备根据第一对应关系，确定与第一时刻对应的第一时间提前量，所述第一时刻为终端设备根据向一个目标候选小区发起随机接入的时间确定的，所述目标候选小区是所述至少一个候选小区中的一个，所述第一对应关系是所述目标候选小区的对应关系。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息还包括所述至少一个候选小区的类型的信息，所述类型包括卫星通信类型和/或私网类型。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息还包括第一预设条件，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端设备判断满足所述预设条件的所述目标候选小区。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端设备接收所述一个目标候选小区发送的第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息包括第二时间提前量，所述第二时间提前量为正数，或者所述第二时间提前量为负数。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端设备根据第三时间提前量向所述一个目标候选小区发送第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息包括重配置完成消息，所述第三时间提前量是所述第一时间提前量和所述第二时间提前量相加得到的。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，同一基站的多个所述候选小区的所述对应关系相同。
  8. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    向终端设备发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息包括候选基站的公共时间提前量，所述第一指示信息用于告知所述终端设备所述至少一个候选小区为允许切换状态；；
    接收所述终端设备根据第一时间提前量发送的随机接入前导码。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息还包括：
    所述候选基站的多个公共时间提前量和多个时刻之间的对应关系。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息还包括所述候选基站的类型的信息，所述类型包括卫星通信类型和/或私网类型。
  11. 根据权利要求8-10中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息还包括第一预设条件，所述预设条件用于所述终端设备判断满足所述预设条件的目标候选基站。
  12. 根据权利要求8-11中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    向所述终端设备发送第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息包括第二时间提前量，所述第二时间提前量是所述候选基站根据所述随机接入前导码确定的，所述第二时间提前量为正数，或者所述第二时间提前量为负数。
  13. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    接收模块，用于接收第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息包括至少一个候选小区的公共时间提前量，所述第一指示信息用于告知所述通信装置所述至少一个候选小区为允许切换状态；
    发送模块，用于根据第一时间提前量，向一个目标候选小区发送随机接入前导码，所述目标候选小区是所述至少一个候选小区中的一个，所述第一时间提前量是所述目标候选小区的公共时间提前量。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息还包括：
    所述至少一个候选小区的多个公共时间提前量和多个时刻之间的对应关系；
    所述装置还包括：
    处理模块，用于根据所述对应关系，确定与第一时刻对应的第一时间提前量，所述第一时刻为通信装置根据向一个目标候选小区发起随机接入的时间确定的，所述目标候选小区是所述至少一个候选小区中的一个。
  15. 根据权利要求13或14所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息还包括所述至少一个候选小区的类型的信息，所述类型包括卫星通信类型和/或私网类型。
  16. 根据权利要求13-15中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息还包括第一预设条件，所述处理模块还用于判断满足所述预设条件的所述目标候选基站。
  17. 根据权利要求13-16中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述接收模块还用于：
    接收所述一个目标候选小区发送的第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息包括第二时间提前量，所述第二时间提前量为正数，或者所述第二时间提前量为负数。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的装置，其特征在于，所述发送模块还用于：
    根据第三时间提前量向所述一个目标候选小区发送第三指示信息，第三指示信息包括重配置完成消息，所述第三时间提前量是所述第一时间提前量和所述第二时间提前量相加得到的。
  19. 根据权利要求13-18中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，同一基站的多个所述候选小区的所述对应关系相同。
  20. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    发送模块，用于向终端设备发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息包括通信装置的公共时间提前量，所述第一指示信息用于告知所述终端设备所述至少一个候选小区为允许切换状态；
    接收模块，用于接收所述终端设备根据第一时间提前量发送的随机接入前导码。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息还包括：
    所述通信装置的多个公共时间提前量和多个时刻之间的对应关系。
  22. 根据权利要求20或21所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息还包括所述通信装置的类型的信息，所述类型包括卫星通信类型和/或私网类型。
  23. 根据权利要求20-22中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息还包括第一预设条件，所述预设条件用于所述终端设备判断满足所述预设条件的目标候选基站。
  24. 根据权利要求20-23中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述发送模块还用于：
    向终端设备发送第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息包括第二时间提前量，所述第二时间提前量是所述通信装置根据所述随机接入前导码确定的，所述第二时间提前量为正数，或者所述第二时间提前量为负数。
  25. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    接收模块，用于接收至少一个候选基站发送的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息包括至少一个候选小区的公共时间提前量，所述第一指示信息用于告知所述终端设备所述至少一个候选小区为允许切换状态；
    发送模块，用于向终端设备发送所述第一指示信息。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息还包括：
    所述至少一个候选小区的多个公共时间提前量和多个时刻之间的对应关系。
  27. 根据权利要求25或26所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    处理模块，用于在向终端设备发送所述第一指示信息之前，将多个候选基站发送的多个第一指示信息整合为一个第一指示信息。
  28. 根据权利要求25-27中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息还包括所述至少一个候选基站的类型的信息，所述类型包括卫星通信类型和/或私网类型。
  29. 根据权利要求25-28中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息还包括第一预设条件，所述第一预设条件用于所述终端设备判断满足所述预设条件的目标候选基站。
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